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Yamamoto C, Kobashi Y, Kawamura T, Nishikawa Y, Saito H, Oguro F, Zhao T, Takita M, Sawano T, Ozaki A, Abe T, Ito N, Kaneko Y, Nakayama A, Wakui M, Kodama T, Tsubokura M. Group of longitudinal adverse event patterns after the fourth dose of COVID-19 vaccination with a latent class analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1406315. [PMID: 39139673 PMCID: PMC11320210 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1406315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Vaccination has been implemented as a useful measure to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there is a tendency for individuals to avoid vaccination due to the possibility of adverse events, making it important to investigate the relationship between COVID-19 vaccines and their adverse events. This study explored longitudinal adverse event patterns and factors that influence adverse events following the second to fourth doses of the COVID-19 vaccine through a latent class analysis. Methods Participants were recruited from the Fukushima Prefecture and included individuals who had completed four doses of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. This study utilized data from questionnaire surveys and blood collection conducted between September 2021 and November 2022. In the questionnaire, factors such as sex, age, medical history, medication, type of vaccine administered, and adverse events following vaccination were recorded. Additionally, in the blood data, serological tests [IgG(S)] and cellular immune responses (T-spot) were measured. Descriptive statistics, latent class analysis, multivariable logistic regression, and multiple regression analyses were performed to identify the longitudinal adverse event patterns and influencing factors. By analyzing adverse events over time, we identified two distinct groups: those less prone to experiencing adverse events (Group 1) and those more susceptible (Group 2) to latent class analysis. Results A total of 1,175 participants were included after excluding those without any adverse events. The median age of the participants in Group 1 was 70 years, and in Group 2 it was 51 years. The proportion of female participants was 298 in Group 1 and 353 in Group 2. Patients in Group 2 were significantly younger (p < 0.001) and more likely to be female (p < 0.001) than those in Group 1. Furthermore, the median IgG(S) value after the fourth vaccination was 3,233 AU/mL in Group 1 and 4,059.39 AU/mL in Group 2. The median T-spot value was 15.4 in Group 1 and 28.5 in Group 2. Group 2 showed significantly higher IgG(S) and T-spot values after the fourth vaccination (p < 0.001). Discussion Our findings suggest that factors other than age, particularly sex and a history of allergies, significantly influence the likelihood of experiencing adverse events. Groups categorized by latent class analysis for longitudinal adverse events are expected to be valuable for optimizing vaccination strategies and formulating public health measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yurie Kobashi
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Hirata, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Hirata, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soma Central Hospital, Soma, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Fumiya Oguro
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Hirata, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Morihito Takita
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Sawano
- Department of Surgery, Jyoban Hospital, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ozaki
- Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Jyoban Hospital, Iwaki, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toshiki Abe
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Naomi Ito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yudai Kaneko
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Wakui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tsubokura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima City, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Hirata, Fukushima, Japan
- Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Minamisoma, Fukushima, Japan
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2
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Tripodi D, Dominici R, Sacco D, Pozzobon C, Spiti S, Falbo R, Brambilla P, Mascagni P, Leoni V. Antibody Response against SARS-CoV-2 after mRNA Vaccine in a Cohort of Hospital Healthy Workers Followed for 17 Months. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:506. [PMID: 38793757 PMCID: PMC11125999 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12050506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The assessment of antibody response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is of critical importance to verify the protective efficacy of available vaccines. Hospital healthcare workers play an essential role in the care and treatment of patients and were particularly at risk of contracting the SARS-CoV-2 infection during the pandemic. The vaccination protocol introduced in our hospital protected the workers and contributed to the containment of the infection' s spread and transmission, although a reduction in vaccine efficacy against symptomatic and breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals was observed over time. Here, we present the results of a longitudinal and prospective analysis of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies at multiple time points over a 17-month period to determine how circulating antibody levels change over time following natural infection and vaccination for SARS-CoV-2 before (T0-T4) and after the spread of the omicron variant (T5-T6), analyzing the antibody response of 232 healthy workers at the Pio XI hospital in Desio. A General Estimating Equation model indicated a significant association of the antibody response with time intervals and hospital area, independent of age and sex. Specifically, a similar pattern of antibody response was observed between the surgery and administrative departments, and a different pattern with higher peaks of average antibody response was observed in the emergency and medical departments. Furthermore, using a logistic model, we found no differences in contracting SARS-CoV-2 after the third dose based on the hospital department. Finally, analysis of antibody distribution following the spread of the omicron variant, subdividing the cohort of positive individuals into centiles, highlighted a cut-off of 550 BAU/mL and showed that subjects with antibodies below this are more susceptible to infection than those with a concentration above the established cut-off value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Tripodi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Roberto Dominici
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Davide Sacco
- Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, Università degli Studi di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Centro Diagnostico Italiano, 20100 Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Pozzobon
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Simona Spiti
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Rosanna Falbo
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Paolo Mascagni
- Clinical Unit of Occupational Health, Desio Hospital, ASST Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy
| | - Valerio Leoni
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology and Toxicology, Hospital Pio XI of Desio, ASST-Brianza, 20832 Desio, Italy; (D.T.); (R.D.)
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy
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3
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Nakamura N, Kobashi Y, Kim KS, Park H, Tani Y, Shimazu Y, Zhao T, Nishikawa Y, Omata F, Kawashima M, Yoshida M, Abe T, Saito Y, Senoo Y, Nonaka S, Takita M, Yamamoto C, Kawamura T, Sugiyama A, Nakayama A, Kaneko Y, Jeong YD, Tatematsu D, Akao M, Sato Y, Iwanami S, Fujita Y, Wakui M, Aihara K, Kodama T, Shibuya K, Iwami S, Tsubokura M. Modeling and predicting individual variation in COVID-19 vaccine-elicited antibody response in the general population. PLOS DIGITAL HEALTH 2024; 3:e0000497. [PMID: 38701055 PMCID: PMC11068210 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
As we learned during the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines are one of the most important tools in infectious disease control. To date, an unprecedentedly large volume of high-quality data on COVID-19 vaccinations have been accumulated. For preparedness in future pandemics beyond COVID-19, these valuable datasets should be analyzed to best shape an effective vaccination strategy. We are collecting longitudinal data from a community-based cohort in Fukushima, Japan, that consists of 2,407 individuals who underwent serum sampling two or three times after a two-dose vaccination with either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. Using the individually reconstructed time courses of the vaccine-elicited antibody response based on mathematical modeling, we first identified basic demographic and health information that contributed to the main features of the antibody dynamics, i.e., the peak, the duration, and the area under the curve. We showed that these three features of antibody dynamics were partially explained by underlying medical conditions, adverse reactions to vaccinations, and medications, consistent with the findings of previous studies. We then applied to these factors a recently proposed computational method to optimally fit an "antibody score", which resulted in an integer-based score that can be used as a basis for identifying individuals with higher or lower antibody titers from basic demographic and health information. The score can be easily calculated by individuals themselves or by medical practitioners. Although the sensitivity of this score is currently not very high, in the future, as more data become available, it has the potential to identify vulnerable populations and encourage them to get booster vaccinations. Our mathematical model can be extended to any kind of vaccination and therefore can form a basis for policy decisions regarding the distribution of booster vaccines to strengthen immunity in future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naotoshi Nakamura
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yurie Kobashi
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kwang Su Kim
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Science System Simulation, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hyeongki Park
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuta Tani
- Medical Governance Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuzo Shimazu
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishikawa
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Fumiya Omata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Moe Kawashima
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Toshiki Abe
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Senoo
- Medical Governance Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Saori Nonaka
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Morihito Takita
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Sugiyama
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Proteomics Laboratory, Isotope Science Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yudai Kaneko
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yong Dam Jeong
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Mathematics, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Daiki Tatematsu
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Marwa Akao
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sato
- Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shoya Iwanami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Fujita
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Wakui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Aihara
- International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Shibuya
- Soma Medical Center of Vaccination for COVID-19, Fukushima, Japan
- Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shingo Iwami
- interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Mathematics for Industry, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
- Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
- NEXT-Ganken Program, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan
- Science Groove Inc., Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tsubokura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Hirata Central Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
- Medical Governance Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
- Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Fukushima, Japan
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4
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Ezzikouri S, Tajudeen R, Majidi H, Redwane S, Aqillouch S, Abdulaziz M, Aragaw M, Papa Fallah M, Sembuche S, Batcho S, Kabwe P, Gonese E, Laazaazia O, Elmessaoudi-Idrissi M, Meziane N, Ainahi A, Sarih M, Ogwell Ouma AE, Maaroufi A. Seroepidemiological assessment of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine responsiveness and associated factors in the vaccinated community of the Casablanca-Settat Region, Morocco. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7817. [PMID: 38570577 PMCID: PMC10991243 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-58498-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Assessing the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity through population-based serological surveys is crucial for monitoring COVID-19 vaccination efforts. In this study, we evaluated SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity within a provincial cohort to understand the magnitude of the humoral response against the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and to inform evidence-based public health decisions. A community-based cross-sectional seroprevalence study was conducted, involving 10,669 participants who received various vaccines (two doses for BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm, Covishield vaccine, and Pfizer/BioNTech, and one dose for Johnson & Johnson's Janssen COVID-19 vaccine). The study spanned 16 provinces in the Casablanca-Settat region from February to June 2022, during which comprehensive demographic and comorbidity data were collected. We screened samples for the presence of IgG antibodies using the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay, which quantifies antibodies against the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike (S) protein, measured on the Abbott Architect i2000SR. The overall crude seroprevalence was 96% (95% CI: 95.6-96.3%), and after adjustment for assay performance, it was estimated as 96.2% (95% CI: 95.7-96.6). The adjusted overall seroprevalences according to vaccine brands showed no significant difference (96% for BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm, 97% for ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/Oxford/AstraZeneca, 98.5% for BNT162b2/Pfizer-BioNTech, and 98% for Janssen) (p = 0.099). Participants of older age, female sex, those with a history of previous COVID-19 infection, and those with certain chronic diseases were more likely to be seropositive among ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/Oxford/AstraZeneca and BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm vaccinee groups. Median RBD antibody concentrations were 2355 AU/mL, 3714 AU/mL, 5838 AU/mL, and 2495 AU/mL, respectively, after two doses of BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm, ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/Oxford/AstraZeneca, BNT162b2/Pfizer-BioNTech, and after one dose of Janssen (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, we observed that participants vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/Oxford/AstraZeneca and BBIBP-CorV/Sinopharm with comorbid chronic diseases exhibited a more pronounced response to vaccination compared to those without comorbidities. In contrast, no significant differences were observed among Pfizer-vaccinated participants (p > 0.05). In conclusion, our serosurvey findings indicate that all four investigated vaccines provide a robust humoral immune response in the majority of participants (more than 96% of participants had antibodies against SARS-CoV-2). The BNT162b2 vaccine was found to be effective in eliciting a strong humoral response compared to the other three vaccines. However, challenges still remain in examining the dynamics and durability of immunoprotection in the Moroccan context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayeh Ezzikouri
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco.
| | - Raji Tajudeen
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Hind Majidi
- Ministry of Health and Social Protection, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Soad Redwane
- Direction Régionale de la santé Casablanca-Settat, Observatoire régional de santé, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Safaa Aqillouch
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Abdulaziz
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Merawi Aragaw
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Mosoka Papa Fallah
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Senga Sembuche
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Serge Batcho
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Patrick Kabwe
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Elizabeth Gonese
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Oumaima Laazaazia
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Mohcine Elmessaoudi-Idrissi
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Nadia Meziane
- Centre Régional de Transfusion Sanguine, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Abdelhakim Ainahi
- Hormonology and Tumor Markers Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - M'hammed Sarih
- Service de Parasitologie et des Maladies Vectorielles, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Ahmed E Ogwell Ouma
- Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, African Union, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abderrahmane Maaroufi
- Virology Unit, Viral Hepatitis Laboratory, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, 1 Place Louis Pasteur, 20360, Casablanca, Morocco
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5
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Saito H, Yoshimura H, Yoshida M, Tani Y, Kawashima M, Uchiyama T, Zhao T, Yamamoto C, Kobashi Y, Sawano T, Imoto S, Park H, Nakamura N, Iwami S, Kaneko Y, Nakayama A, Kodama T, Wakui M, Kawamura T, Tsubokura M. Antibody Profiling of Microbial Antigens in the Blood of COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine Recipients Using Microbial Protein Microarrays. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1694. [PMID: 38006026 PMCID: PMC10674746 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11111694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Although studies have demonstrated that infections with various viruses, bacteria, and parasites can modulate the immune system, no study has investigated changes in antibodies against microbial antigens after the COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. IgG antibodies against microbial antigens in the blood of vaccinees were comprehensively analyzed using microbial protein microarrays that carried approximately 5000 microbe-derived proteins. Changes in antibodies against microbial antigens were scrutinized in healthy participants enrolled in the Fukushima Vaccination Community Survey conducted in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, after their second and third COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations. Antibody profiling of six groups stratified by antibody titer and the remaining neutralizing antibodies was also performed to study the dynamics of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and the changes in antibodies against microbial antigens. The results showed that changes in antibodies against microbial antigens other than SARS-CoV-2 antigens were extremely limited after COVID-19 vaccination. In addition, antibodies against a staphylococcal complement inhibitor have been identified as microbial antigens that are associated with increased levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. These antibodies may be a predictor of the maintenance of neutralizing antibodies following the administration of a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Saito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soma Central Hospital, Soma, Fukushima 976-0016, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yoshimura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- School of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8511, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Yuta Tani
- Medical Governance Research Institute, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0074, Japan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Moe Kawashima
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Taiga Uchiyama
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Yurie Kobashi
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa County, Fukushima 963-8202, Japan
| | - Toyoaki Sawano
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Seiya Imoto
- Division of Health Medical Intelligence, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
| | - Hyeongki Park
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Naotoshi Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Shingo Iwami
- Interdisciplinary Biology Laboratory (iBLab), Division of Natural Science, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan (S.I.)
| | - Yudai Kaneko
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0012, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Wakui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tsubokura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Soma Central Hospital, Soma, Fukushima 976-0016, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa County, Fukushima 963-8202, Japan
- Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Minamisoma, Fukushima 975-0033, Japan
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6
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Yoshida M, Kobashi Y, Kawamura T, Shimazu Y, Nishikawa Y, Omata F, Saito H, Yamamoto C, Zhao T, Takita M, Ito N, Tatsuno K, Kaneko Y, Nakayama A, Kodama T, Wakui M, Takahashi K, Tsubokura M. Association of systemic adverse reaction patterns with long-term dynamics of humoral and cellular immunity after coronavirus disease 2019 third vaccination. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9264. [PMID: 37286720 PMCID: PMC10246541 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-36429-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to clarify the impact of adverse reactions on immune dynamics. We investigated the pattern of systemic adverse reactions after the second and third coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations and their relationship with immunoglobulin G against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 spike 1 protein titers, neutralizing antibody levels, peak cellular responses, and the rate of decrease after the third vaccination in a large-scale community-based cohort in Japan. Participants who received a third vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) or mRNA-1273 (Moderna), had two blood samples, had not had COVID-19, and had information on adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations (n = 2198) were enrolled. We collected data on sex, age, adverse reactions, comorbidities, and daily medicine using a questionnaire survey. Participants with many systemic adverse reactions after the second and third vaccinations had significantly higher humoral and cellular immunity in the peak phase. Participants with multiple systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination had small changes in the geometric values of humoral immunity and had the largest geometric mean of cellar immunity in the decay phase. Systemic adverse reactions after the third vaccination helped achieve high peak values and maintain humoral and cellular immunity. This information may help promote uptake of a third vaccination, even among those who hesitate due to adverse reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshida
- Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Yurie Kobashi
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa Country, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuzo Shimazu
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa Country, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan
| | - Fumiya Omata
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa Country, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Saito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Morihiro Takita
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Naomi Ito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan
| | - Kenji Tatsuno
- Genome Science & Medicine Laboratory, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yudai Kaneko
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-0012, Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Tatsuhiko Kodama
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8904, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Wakui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kenzo Takahashi
- Teikyo University Graduate School of Public Health, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics, Jyoban Hospital, Iwaki, Fukushima, 972-8322, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tsubokura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Fukushima, 960-1247, Japan.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa Country, Fukushima, 963-8202, Japan.
- Minamisoma Municipal General Hospital, Minamisoma, Fukushima, 975-0033, Japan.
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SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Dual Immunization Induces Innate Transcriptional Signatures, Establishes T-Cell Memory and Coordinates the Recall Response. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010103. [PMID: 36679948 PMCID: PMC9861479 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND mRNA vaccines have played a crucial role in controlling the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic. However, the immunological mechanisms involved in the induction, magnitude and longevity of mRNA-vaccine-induced protective immunity are still unclear. METHODS In our study, we used whole-RNA sequencing along with detailed immunophenotyping of antigen-specific T cells and humoral RBD-specific response to dual immunization with the Pfizer-BioNTech mRNA vaccine (BNT162b2) and correlated them with response to an additional dose, administered 10 months later, in order to comprehensively profile the immune response of healthy volunteers to BNT162b2. RESULTS Primary dual immunization induced upregulation of the Type I interferon pathway and generated spike protein (S)-specific IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ CD4 T cells, S-specific memory CD4 T cells, and RBD-specific antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. S-specific CD4 T cells induced by the primary series correlated with the RBD-specific antibody titers to a third dose. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the induction of both innate and adaptive immunity in response to the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in a coordinated manner and identifies the central role of primarily induced CD4+ T cells as a predictive biomarker of the magnitude of anamnestic immune response.
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Kobashi Y, Takebayashi Y, Yoshida M, Kawamura T, Shimazu Y, Kaneko Y, Nishikawa Y, Nakayama A, Takita M, Zhao T, Yamamoto C, Ito N, Tsubokura M. Waning of Humoral Immunity and the Influencing Factors after BNT162b2 Vaccination: A Cohort Study with a Latent Growth Curve Model in Fukushima. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:vaccines10122007. [PMID: 36560417 PMCID: PMC9782062 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10122007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Measuring long-term antibody titer kinetics and subsequent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccinations are crucial for identifying vulnerable populations. Our aim was to determine the association between long-term antibody kinetics, including peak titers and factors, up to seven months post-second vaccination. A three-time antibody survey was conducted in 2021 among healthcare workers in Japan to investigate the changes in humoral immunity using chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study involved 205 participants who had received the second vaccine dose, completed the three-time survey, and were not infected with SARS-CoV-2. A latent growth curve model was used to identify factors affecting the peak titer and decreasing the antibody slope. Of the eligible participants, the mean titers of immunoglobulin G (IgG) against the spike (S) protein and the neutralizing activity 7 months after the second vaccination decreased to 154.3 (8.8% of the peak titer) and 62.1 AU/mL (9.5% of the peak titer), respectively. The IgG growth model showed that age significantly affected peak titers (p < 0.001); however, a significant difference was not found for the decreasing slope. Ultimately, aging adults had significantly low peak antibody titers; however, age was unrelated to the slope of log-transformed IgG against the S protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Kobashi
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa District, Fukushima 963-8202, Japan
| | - Yoshitake Takebayashi
- Department of Health Risk Communication, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
| | - Makoto Yoshida
- Faculty of Medicine, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawamura
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
| | - Yuzo Shimazu
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Yudai Kaneko
- Laboratory for Systems Biology and Medicine, Research Centre for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan
- Medical & Biological Laboratories Co., Ltd., Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0012, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Nishikawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa District, Fukushima 963-8202, Japan
| | - Aya Nakayama
- Isotope Science Centre, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Morihito Takita
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Tianchen Zhao
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Chika Yamamoto
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Naomi Ito
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tsubokura
- Department of Radiation Health Management, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima 960-1247, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Serireikai Group Hirata Central Hospital, Ishikawa District, Fukushima 963-8202, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-24-547-1111
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