1
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An P, Gao C, Zhu X, Wang B, Xuan Y, Liang Y, Xia S, Si W, Wang D, Peng Y, Li J. Phosphorus-Water Interaction Drives Active Center Evolution into the Water-Adaptive Structure in the High-Humidity NH 3-SCR Reaction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:16600-16610. [PMID: 39058552 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c03593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
The impact of water on catalyst activity remains inconclusive due to its dependence on the specific reaction environment. To maximize the exploitation of water's promoting effect, we employed ammonia selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) as a probe reaction and proposed a phosphorus modification strategy for Cu-ZSM-5 catalysts. The objective of this approach was to construct water-adaptive microstructures through directional arrangement. To investigate the effect of phosphorus on the transformation of framework copper sites in humid environments, we conducted comprehensive characterizations and density functional theory calculation. Results reveal that water molecules cleave the oxygen bridges between phosphorus oxide and copper, leading to the formation of active isolated [Cu(OH)]+ groups and phosphate. The phosphate species weaken the interaction between exchanged Cu2+ groups and the zeolite framework, leading to the generation of highly migratory hydrated Cu2+ species. This work will potentially guide the rational design of water-adaptive catalysts for gas pollution abatement in a humid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghao An
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Chuan Gao
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiao Zhu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Yue Xuan
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Yanjie Liang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Sunwen Xia
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Wenzhe Si
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250061, China
| | - Yue Peng
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Junhua Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for Multi Flue Gas Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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2
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Chen Y, Liu X, Wang P, Mansoor M, Zhang J, Peng D, Han L, Zhang D. Challenges and Perspectives of Environmental Catalysis for NO x Reduction. JACS AU 2024; 4:2767-2791. [PMID: 39211630 PMCID: PMC11350593 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Environmental catalysis has attracted great interest in air and water purification. Selective catalytic reduction with ammonia (NH3-SCR) as a representative technology of environmental catalysis is of significance to the elimination of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emitting from stationary and mobile sources. However, the evolving energy landscape in the nonelectric sector and the changing nature of fuel in motor vehicles present new challenges for NO x catalytic purification over the traditional NH3-SCR catalysts. These challenges primarily revolve around the application limitations of conventional industrial NH3-SCR catalysts, such as V2O5-WO3(MoO3)/TiO2 and chabazite (CHA) structured zeolites, in meeting both the severe requirements of high activity at ultralow temperatures and robust resistance to the wide array of poisons (SO2, HCl, phosphorus, alkali metals, and heavy metals, etc.) existing in more complex operating conditions of new application scenarios. Additionally, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) coexisting with NO x in exhaust gas has emerged as a critical factor further impeding the highly efficient reduction of NO x . Therefore, confronting the challenges inherent in current NH3-SCR technology and drawing from the established NH3-SCR reaction mechanisms, we discern that the strategic manipulation of the properties of surface acidity and redox over NH3-SCR catalysts constitutes an important pathway for increasing the catalytic efficiency at low temperatures. Concurrently, the establishment of protective sites and confined structures combined with the strategies for triggering antagonistic effects emerge as imperative items for strengthening the antipoisoning potentials of NH3-SCR catalysts. Finally, we contemplate the essential status of selective synergistic catalytic elimination technology for abating NO x and VOCs. By virtue of these discussions, we aim to offer a series of innovative guiding perspectives for the further advancement of environmental catalysis technology for the highly efficient NO x catalytic purification from nonelectric industries and motor vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Chen
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Penglu Wang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Maryam Mansoor
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dengchao Peng
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Lupeng Han
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory
of Catalytic Chemistry, Innovation Institute of Carbon Neutrality,
Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s
Republic of China
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3
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Jia L, Zhang L, Liu B, Cheng H, Li H, Zhao Z, Zhu W, Song W, Liu J, Liu J. Interface Induced by Hydrothermal Aging Boosts the Low-Temperature Activity of Cu-SSZ-13 for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39138907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c04101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Hitherto, sulfur poisoning and hydrothermal aging have still been the challenges faced in practical applications of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalyst for the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx from diesel engine exhaust. Here, we elaborately design and conduct an in-depth investigation of the synthetic effects of hydrothermal aging and SO2 poisoning on pristine Cu-SSZ-13 and Cu-SSZ-13@Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 core@shell structure catalysts (Cu@CZ). It has been discovered that Cu@CZ susceptible to 750 °C with 5 vol % H2O followed by 200 ppm SO2 with 5 vol % H2O (Cu@CZ-A-S) could still maintain nearly 100% NOx conversion across the significantly wider temperature region of 200-425 °C, which is remarkably broader than that of the Cu-SSZ-13-A-S (300-400 °C) counterpart. The experimental results show that the hydrothermal aging process results in the migration of highly active Cu species within the cage of Cu-SSZ-13 to the CZ surface, forming CuO/CZ with abundant interfaces, which significantly enhances the adsorption and subsequent activation of NO, leading to the generation of reactive N2O3 and HONO intermediates. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the H of the HONO* species can function as Brønsted acid sites, effectively adsorbing NH3 to generate the active NH4NO2* intermediate, which readily decomposes into N2 and H2O. Furthermore, this pathway is the rate-determining step with an energy barrier of 0.93 eV, notably lower than that of the "standard SCR" pathway (1.42 eV). Therefore, the formation of the new CuO/CZ interface profoundly boosts the low-temperature NH3-SCR activity and improves the coresistance of the Cu@CZ catalyst to sulfur poisoning and hydrothermal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institution for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- CATARC Automotive Test Center (Tianjin) Co., Ltd, China Automotive Technology & Research Center Co., Ltd., Tianjin 300300, P. R. China
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, P. R. China
| | - Huifang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institution for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Huiquan Li
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory for Degradation and Monitoring of Pollution of the Environment, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Wenshuai Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institution for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Weiyu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing 102249, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Heavy Oil at Karamay, China University of Petroleum (Beijing) at Karamay, Karamay 834000, P. R. China
| | - Jixing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institution for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
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4
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Yin Y, Luo B, Li K, Moskowitz BM, Mosevitzky Lis B, Wachs IE, Zhu M, Sun Y, Zhu T, Li X. Plasma-assisted manipulation of vanadia nanoclusters for efficient selective catalytic reduction of NO x. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3592. [PMID: 38678057 PMCID: PMC11055856 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Supported nanoclusters (SNCs) with distinct geometric and electronic structures have garnered significant attention in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. However, their directed synthesis remains a challenge due to limited efficient approaches. This study presents a plasma-assisted treatment strategy to achieve supported metal oxide nanoclusters from a rapid transformation of monomeric dispersed metal oxides. As a case study, oligomeric vanadia-dominated surface sites were derived from the classic supported V2O5-WO3/TiO2 (VWT) catalyst and showed nearly an order of magnitude increase in turnover frequency (TOF) value via an H2-plasma treatment for selective catalytic reduction of NO with NH3. Such oligomeric surface VOx sites were not only successfully observed and firstly distinguished from WOx and TiO2 by advanced electron microscopy, but also facilitated the generation of surface amide and nitrates intermediates that enable barrier-less steps in the SCR reaction as observed by modulation excitation spectroscopy technologies and predicted DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Yin
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Bingcheng Luo
- College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kezhi Li
- Institute of Engineering Technology, Sinopec Catalyst Co. Ltd., Beijing, 101111, China
| | - Benjamin M Moskowitz
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Bar Mosevitzky Lis
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA
| | - Israel E Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy & Catalysis Laboratory, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, 18015, USA.
| | - Minghui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Ye Sun
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tianle Zhu
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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5
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Fu Y, Ding W, Lei H, Sun Y, Du J, Yu Y, Simon U, Chen P, Shan Y, He G, He H. Spatial Distribution of Brønsted Acid Sites Determines the Mobility of Reactive Cu Ions in the Cu-SSZ-13 Catalyst during the Selective Catalytic Reduction of NO x with NH 3. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11141-11151. [PMID: 38600025 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The formation of dimer-Cu species, which serve as the active sites of the low-temperature selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 (NH3-SCR), relies on the mobility of CuI species in the channels of the Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts. Herein, the key role of framework Brønsted acid sites in the mobility of reactive Cu ions was elucidated via a combination of density functional theory calculations, in situ impedance spectroscopy, and in situ diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. When the number of framework Al sites decreases, the Brønsted acid sites decrease, leading to a systematic increase in the diffusion barrier for [Cu(NH3)2]+ and less formation of highly reactive dimer-Cu species, which inhibits the low-temperature NH3-SCR reactivity and vice versa. When the spatial distribution of Al sites is uneven, the [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes tend to migrate from an Al-poor cage to an Al-rich cage (e.g., cage with paired Al sites), which effectively accelerates the formation of dimer-Cu species and hence promotes the SCR reaction. These findings unveil the mechanism by which framework Brønsted acid sites influence the intercage diffusion and reactivity of [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes in Cu-SSZ-13 catalysts and provide new insights for the development of zeolite-based catalysts with excellent SCR activity by regulating the microscopic spatial distribution of framework Brønsted acid sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Fu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Wenqing Ding
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Huarong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Yu Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Jinpeng Du
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52074, Germany
| | - Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yulong Shan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Guangzhi He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341119, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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6
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Bjerregaard JD, Han J, Creaser D, Olsson L, Grönbeck H. Interpretation of H 2-TPR from Cu-CHA Using First-Principles Calculations. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2024; 128:4525-4534. [PMID: 38533243 PMCID: PMC10962680 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c07998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Temperature-programmed reduction and oxidation are used to obtain information on the presence and abundance of different species in complex catalytic materials. The interpretation of the temperature-programmed reaction profiles is, however, often challenging. One example is H2 temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) of Cu-chabazite (Cu-CHA), which is a material used for ammonia assisted selective catalytic reduction of NOx (NH3-SCR). The TPR profiles of Cu-CHA consist generally of three main peaks. A peak at 220 °C is commonly assigned to ZCuOH, whereas peaks at 360 and 500 °C generally are assigned to Z2Cu, where Z represents an Al site. Here, we analyze H2-TPR over Cu-CHA by density functional theory calculations, microkinetic modeling, and TPR measurements of samples pretreated to have a dominant Cu species. We find that H2 can react with Cu ions in oxidation state +2, whereas adsorption on Cu ions in +1 is endothermic. Kinetic modeling of the TPR profiles suggests that the 220 °C peak can be assigned to Z2CuOCu and ZCuOH, whereas the peaks at higher temperatures can be assigned to paired Z2Cu and Z2CuHOOHCu species (360 °C) or paired Z2Cu and Z2CuOOCu (500 °C). The results are in good agreement with the experiments and facilitate the interpretation of future TPR experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim D. Bjerregaard
- Department
of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joonsoo Han
- Chemical
Engineering and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Derek Creaser
- Chemical
Engineering and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Louise Olsson
- Chemical
Engineering and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Grönbeck
- Department
of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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7
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He J, Deng J, Lan T, Liu X, Shen Y, Han L, Wang J, Zhang D. Strong metal oxide-zeolite interactions during selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 465:133164. [PMID: 38103292 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.133164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
In response to the stricter EU VII emission standards and the "150 ℃ challenge", selective catalytic reduction by ammonia (NH3-SCR) catalysts for motor vehicles are required to achieve high NO conversion below 200 °C. Compounding metal oxides with zeolites is an important strategy to design the low-temperature SCR catalysts. Here, we original prepared Cu-SSZ-13 @ MnGdOx (Cu-Z @ MGO), which achieved over 90% NO conversion and 95% N2 selectivity at 150 ℃. It has been demonstrated that a uniform mesoporous loaded layer of MGO grows on Cu-Z, and a recrystallization zone appears at the MGO-Cu-Z interface. We discover that the excellent low-temperature SCR activity derives from the strong metal oxide-zeolite interaction (SMZI) effects. The SMZI effects cause the anchor and high dispersion of MGO on the surface of Cu-Z. Driven by the SMZI effects, the Mn3+/Mn4+ redox cycle ensures the low and medium temperature-SCR activity and the Cu2+/Cu+ redox cycle guarantees the medium and high temperature-SCR activity. The introduction of MGO improves the reaction activity of -NH2 species adsorbed at Mn sites at 150 ℃, achieving a cycle of reduction and oxidation reactions at low temperatures. This strategy of inducing SMZI effects of metal oxides and zeolites paves a way for development of high-performance catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiebing He
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jiang Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Tianwei Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yongjie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Lupeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Junan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Institute of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, No.99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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8
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Millan R, Bello-Jurado E, Moliner M, Boronat M, Gomez-Bombarelli R. Effect of Framework Composition and NH 3 on the Diffusion of Cu + in Cu-CHA Catalysts Predicted by Machine-Learning Accelerated Molecular Dynamics. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:2044-2056. [PMID: 38033797 PMCID: PMC10683499 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Cu-exchanged zeolites rely on mobile solvated Cu+ cations for their catalytic activity, but the role of the framework composition in transport is not fully understood. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations can provide quantitative atomistic insight but are too computationally expensive to explore large length and time scales or diverse compositions. We report a machine-learning interatomic potential that accurately reproduces ab initio results and effectively generalizes to allow multinanosecond simulations of large supercells and diverse chemical compositions. Biased and unbiased simulations of [Cu(NH3)2]+ mobility show that aluminum pairing in eight-membered rings accelerates local hopping and demonstrate that increased NH3 concentration enhances long-range diffusion. The probability of finding two [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes in the same cage, which is key for SCR-NOx reaction, increases with Cu content and Al content but does not correlate with the long-range mobility of Cu+. Supporting experimental evidence was obtained from reactivity tests of Cu-CHA catalysts with a controlled chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reisel Millan
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Estefanía Bello-Jurado
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Moliner
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rafael Gomez-Bombarelli
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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9
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Chen D, Khetan A, Lei H, Rizzotto V, Yang JY, Jiang J, Sun Q, Peng B, Chen P, Palkovits R, Ye D, Simon U. Copper Site Motion Promotes Catalytic NO x Reduction under Zeolite Confinement. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:16121-16130. [PMID: 37842921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia-mediated selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) is currently the key approach to abate nitrogen oxides (NOx) emitted from heavy-duty lean-burn vehicles. The state-of-art NH3-SCR catalysts, namely, copper ion-exchanged chabazite (Cu-CHA) zeolites, perform rather poorly at low temperatures (below 200 °C) and are thus incapable of eliminating effectively NOx emissions under cold-start conditions. Here, we demonstrate a significant promotion of low-temperature NOx reduction by reinforcing the dynamic motion of zeolite-confined Cu sites during NH3-SCR. Combining complex impedance-based in situ spectroscopy (IS) and extended density-functional tight-binding molecular dynamics simulation, we revealed an environment- and temperature-dependent nature of the dynamic Cu motion within the zeolite lattice. Further coupling in situ IS with infrared spectroscopy allows us to unravel the critical role of monovalent Cu in the overall Cu mobility at a molecular level. Based on these mechanistic understandings, we elicit a boost of NOx reduction below 200 °C by reinforcing the dynamic Cu motion in various Cu-zeolites (Cu-CHA, Cu-ZSM-5, Cu-Beta, etc.) via facile postsynthesis treatments, either in a reductive mixture at low temperatures (below 250 °C) or in a nonoxidative atmosphere at high temperatures (above 450 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Abhishek Khetan
- Multiscale Modelling of Heterogeneous Catalysis in Energy Systems, RWTH Aachen University, Schinkelstrasse 8, 52062 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huarong Lei
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Valentina Rizzotto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Jia-Yue Yang
- Optics & Thermal Radiation Research Center, Shandong University, 266237 Qingdao, China
| | - Jiuxing Jiang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, 510275 Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiming Sun
- Innovation Center for Chemical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 215123 Suzhou, China
| | - Baoxiang Peng
- Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, 44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Peirong Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Regina Palkovits
- Chair of Heterogeneous Catalysis and Chemical Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Daiqi Ye
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, 510006 Guangzhou, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen Germany
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10
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Guan X, Asakura H, Han R, Xu S, Liu HX, Chen L, Yao Z, Yan JHC, Tanaka T, Guo Y, Jia CJ, Wang FR. Cascade NH 3 Oxidation and N 2O Decomposition via Bifunctional Co and Cu Catalysts. ACS Catal 2023; 13:13816-13827. [PMID: 37881788 PMCID: PMC10594585 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The selective catalytic oxidation of NH3 (NH3-SCO) to N2 is an important reaction for the treatment of diesel engine exhaust. Co3O4 has the highest activity among non-noble metals but suffers from N2O release. Such N2O emissions have recently been regulated due to having a 300× higher greenhouse gas effect than CO2. Here, we design CuO-supported Co3O4 as a cascade catalyst for the selective oxidation of NH3 to N2. The NH3-SCO reaction on CuO-Co3O4 follows a de-N2O pathway. Co3O4 activates gaseous oxygen to form N2O. The high redox property of the CuO-Co3O4 interface promotes the breaking of the N-O bond in N2O to form N2. The addition of CuO-Co3O4 to the Pt-Al2O3 catalyst reduces the full NH3 conversion temperature by 50 K and improves the N2 selectivity by 20%. These findings provide a promising strategy for reducing N2O emissions and will contribute to the rational design and development of non-noble metal catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Guan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashiosaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Rong Han
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Siyuan Xu
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Hao-Xin Liu
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Lu Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Zhangyi Yao
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Jay Hon Cheung Yan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Tsunehiro Tanaka
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
| | - Chun-Jiang Jia
- Key
Laboratory for Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Key Laboratory of
Special Aggregated Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, U.K.
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11
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Mu W, Ma S, Chen H, Liu T, Long J, Zeng Q, Li X. Quantifying the Two-Dimensional Driving Patterns of Chemisorbed Oxygen and Particle Size on NO Reduction Activity and Mechanism. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37452748 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Quantification in the driving patterns of activity descriptors on structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanisms over heterogeneous catalysts is still a great challenge and needs to be addressed urgently. Herein, with the example of typical Mn-based catalysts, based on the activity regularity and many characterizations, the chemisorbed oxygen density (ρOβ) and particle size (dTEM) have been proposed as the two-dimensional descriptors for selective catalytic reduction of NO, whose role is in quantifying the contents of vacancy defects and the amounts of active sites located on terraces or interfaces, respectively. They can be utilized to construct and quantify the driving patterns for the structure-activity relationships and reaction mechanisms of NO reduction. As a consequence, a complementary modulation for Ea by ρOβ and dTEM is described quantitatively in terms of the fitted functions. Moreover, based on the structure-activity relationships and the quantification laws of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS), the reaction efficiency (RE) of the specific combined NOx-intermediate is identified as the trigger to drive the Langmuir-Hinshelwood mechanism and modulated by the descriptors complementally and collaboratively following the fitted quantification functions. Either of the two descriptors at its lower values plays a dominant role in regulating Ea and RE, and the dominant factor evolves progressively: dTEM ↔ coupling dTEM with ρOβ ↔ ρOβ, when the dependency of Ea and RE on the descriptors is adopted to identify the dominant factor and domains. Therefore, this work has quantitatively accounted for the essence of activity modulation and may provide insight into the quantitative driving patterns for reaction activity and mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Mu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Shichao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Hao Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Tengfei Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jinxing Long
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xuehui Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Pulp & Paper Engineering State Key Laboratory of China, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
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12
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Wu Y, Zhao W, Ahn SH, Wang Y, Walter ED, Chen Y, Derewinski MA, Washton NM, Rappé KG, Wang Y, Mei D, Hong SB, Gao F. Interplay between copper redox and transfer and support acidity and topology in low temperature NH 3-SCR. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2633. [PMID: 37149681 PMCID: PMC10164144 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-temperature standard NH3-SCR over copper-exchanged zeolite catalysts occurs on NH3-solvated Cu-ion active sites in a quasi-homogeneous manner. As key kinetically relevant reaction steps, the reaction intermediate CuII(NH3)4 ion hydrolyzes to CuII(OH)(NH3)3 ion to gain redox activity. The CuII(OH)(NH3)3 ion also transfers between neighboring zeolite cages to form highly reactive reaction intermediates. Via operando electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy and SCR kinetic measurements and density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate here that such kinetically relevant steps become energetically more difficult with lower support Brønsted acid strength and density. Consequently, Cu/LTA displays lower Cu atomic efficiency than Cu/CHA and Cu/AEI, which can also be rationalized by considering differences in their support topology. By carrying out hydrothermal aging to eliminate support Brønsted acid sites, both CuII(NH3)4 ion hydrolysis and CuII(OH)(NH3)3 ion migration are hindered, leading to a marked decrease in Cu atomic efficiency for all catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Wenru Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China
| | - Sang Hyun Ahn
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Eric D Walter
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Ying Chen
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Miroslaw A Derewinski
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
- J. Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239, Krakow, Poland
| | - Nancy M Washton
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Kenneth G Rappé
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US
- Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99163, US
| | - Donghai Mei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin, 300387, China.
| | - Suk Bong Hong
- Center for Ordered Nanoporous Materials Synthesis, Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea.
| | - Feng Gao
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99354, US.
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13
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Krishna SH, Goswami A, Wang Y, Jones CB, Dean DP, Miller JT, Schneider WF, Gounder R. Influence of framework Al density in chabazite zeolites on copper ion mobility and reactivity during NOx selective catalytic reduction with NH3. Nat Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1038/s41929-023-00932-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2023]
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14
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Nasello ND, Usberti N, Iacobone U, Gramigni F, Hu W, Liu S, Nova I, Gao X, Tronconi E. Dual-Site RHC and OHC Transient Kinetics Predict Low-T Standard SCR Steady-State Rates over a Cu-CHA Catalyst. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c06071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Daniela Nasello
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Usberti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Gramigni
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Wenshuo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027Hangzhou, China
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156Milano, Italy
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15
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Liu K, Li J, Yu Q, Han X, Bian M, Zhang Y, Yi T. Optimization and comprehensive mechanism of environment-friendly bimetal oxides catalysts for efficient removal of NO in ultra-low temperature flue gas. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2023.123324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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16
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Abdul Nasir J, Guan J, Keal TW, Desmoutier AW, Lu Y, Beale AM, Catlow CRA, Sokol AA. Influence of Solvent on Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides with Ammonia over Cu-CHA Zeolite. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 145:247-259. [PMID: 36548055 PMCID: PMC9837844 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c09823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The copper-exchanged zeolite Cu-CHA has received considerable attention in recent years, owing to its application in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx species. Here, we study the NH3-SCR reaction mechanism on Cu-CHA using the hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) technique and investigate the effects of solvent on the reactivity of active Cu species. To this end, a comparison is made between water- and ammonia-solvated and bare Cu species. The results show the promoting effect of solvent on the oxidation component of the NH3-SCR cycle since the formation of important nitrate species is found to be energetically more favorable on the solvated Cu sites than in the absence of solvent molecules. Conversely, both solvent molecules are predicted to inhibit the reduction component of the NH3-SCR cycle. Diffuse reflectance infrared fourier-transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) experiments exploiting (concentration) modulation excitation spectroscopy (MES) and phase-sensitive detection (PSD) identified spectroscopic signatures of Cu-nitrate and Cu-nitrosamine (H2NNO), important species which had not been previously observed experimentally. This is further supported by the QM/MM-calculated harmonic vibrational analysis. Additional insights are provided into the reactivity of solvated active sites and the formation of key intermediates including their formation energies and vibrational spectroscopic signatures, allowing the development of a detailed understanding of the reaction mechanism. We demonstrate the role of solvated active sites and their influence on the energetics of important species that must be explicitly considered for an accurate understanding of NH3-SCR kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Abdul Nasir
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,
| | - Jingcheng Guan
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Thomas W. Keal
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WarringtonWA4 4AD, U.K.
| | - Alec W. Desmoutier
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - You Lu
- Scientific
Computing Department, STFC Daresbury Laboratory, Keckwick Lane, Daresbury, WarringtonWA4 4AD, U.K.
| | - Andrew M. Beale
- Department
of Chemistry, Christopher Ingold Building, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, R92 Harwell, OxfordshireOX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, R92 Harwell, OxfordshireOX11 0FA, U.K.,School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, CardiffCF10 3AT, U.K.,
| | - Alexey A. Sokol
- Department
of Chemistry, Kathleen Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, LondonWC1H 0AJ, U.K.,
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17
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Guan X, Han R, Asakura H, Wang Z, Xu S, Wang B, Kang L, Liu Y, Marlow S, Tanaka T, Guo Y, Wang FR. Designing Reactive Bridging O 2- at the Atomic Cu-O-Fe Site for Selective NH 3 Oxidation. ACS Catal 2022; 12:15207-15217. [PMID: 36570079 PMCID: PMC9764355 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Surface oxidation chemistry involves the formation and breaking of metal-oxygen (M-O) bonds. Ideally, the M-O bonding strength determines the rate of oxygen absorption and dissociation. Here, we design reactive bridging O2- species within the atomic Cu-O-Fe site to accelerate such oxidation chemistry. Using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the O K-edge and density functional theory calculations, it is found that such bridging O2- has a lower antibonding orbital energy and thus weaker Cu-O/Fe-O strength. In selective NH3 oxidation, the weak Cu-O/Fe-O bond enables fast Cu redox for NH3 conversion and direct NO adsorption via Cu-O-NO to promote N-N coupling toward N2. As a result, 99% N2 selectivity at 100% conversion is achieved at 573 K, exceeding most of the reported results. This result suggests the importance to design, determine, and utilize the unique features of bridging O2- in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Guan
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Rong Han
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Hiroyuki Asakura
- Functional
Materials Lab, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University 3-4-1, Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka577-8502, Japan,Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Siyuan Xu
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China
| | - Bolun Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Liqun Kang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Yiyun Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Sushila Marlow
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.
| | - Tsunehiro Tanaka
- Department
of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyotodaigaku Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto615-8510, Japan
| | - Yuzheng Guo
- School
of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan430072, China,
| | - Feng Ryan Wang
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Roberts Building, Torrington Place, LondonWC1E 7JE, U.K.,
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18
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Bozbağ SE, Sarı TB, Karadağ GH, Şanlı D, Özener B, Hisar G, Erkey C. Origins of Bi-modal NO conversion behavior in NH3-SCR over Cu-chabazite revealed by mass transfer and surface kinetics analysis. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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19
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Mechanism for SO Poisoning of Cu-CHA during Low Temperature NH-SCR. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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20
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Guo J, Wang A, Lin H. Enhanced phosphorus resistance of sodium-promoted Cu/CHA catalysts towards NH3-SCR. CATAL COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.catcom.2022.106568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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21
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Zabilska A, Clark AH, Ferri D, Nachtegaal M, Kröcher O, Safonova OV. Beware of beam damage under reaction conditions: X-ray induced photochemical reduction of supported VO x catalysts during in situ XAS experiments. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21916-21926. [PMID: 36069029 PMCID: PMC9641748 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02721f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
In situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) is a powerful technique for the investigation of heterogeneous catalysts and electrocatalysts. The obtained XAS spectra are usually interpreted from the point of view of the investigated chemical processes, thereby sometimes omitting the fact that intense X-ray irradiation may induce additional transformations in metal speciation and, thus, in the corresponding XAS spectra. In this work, we report on X-ray induced photochemical reduction of vanadium in supported vanadia (VOx) catalysts under reaction conditions, detected at a synchrotron beamline. While this process was not observed in an inert atmosphere and in the presence of water vapor, it occurred at room temperature in the presence of a reducing agent (ethanol or hydrogen) alone or mixed with oxygen. Temperature programmed experiments have shown that X-ray induced reduction of VOx species appeared very clear at 30-100 °C but was not detected at higher temperatures, where the thermocatalytic ethanol oxidative hydrogenation (ODH) takes place. Similar to other studies on X-ray induced effects, we suggest approaches, which can help to mitigate vanadium photoreduction, including defocusing of the X-ray beam and attenuation of the X-ray beam intensity by filters. To recognize beam damage under in situ/operando conditions, we suggest performing X-ray beam switching (on and off) tests at different beam intensities under in situ conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zabilska
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adam H Clark
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
| | | | - Oliver Kröcher
- Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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22
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Abstract
Zeolites with ordered microporous systems, distinct framework topologies, good spatial nanoconfinement effects, and superior (hydro)thermal stability are an ideal scaffold for planting diverse active metal species, including single sites, clusters, and nanoparticles in the framework and framework-associated sites and extra-framework positions, thus affording the metal-in-zeolite catalysts outstanding activity, unique shape selectivity, and enhanced stability and recyclability in the processes of Brønsted acid-, Lewis acid-, and extra-framework metal-catalyzed reactions. Especially, thanks to the advances in zeolite synthesis and characterization techniques in recent years, zeolite-confined extra-framework metal catalysts (denoted as metal@zeolite composites) have experienced rapid development in heterogeneous catalysis, owing to the combination of the merits of both active metal sites and zeolite intrinsic properties. In this review, we will present the recent developments of synthesis strategies for incorporating and tailoring of active metal sites in zeolites and advanced characterization techniques for identification of the location, distribution, and coordination environment of metal species in zeolites. Furthermore, the catalytic applications of metal-in-zeolite catalysts are demonstrated, with an emphasis on the metal@zeolite composites in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, and oxidation reactions. Finally, we point out the current challenges and future perspectives on precise synthesis, atomic level identification, and practical application of the metal-in-zeolite catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Shiqin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.,International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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23
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Iacobone U, Nova I, Tronconi E, Villamaina R, Ruggeri MP, Collier J, Thompsett D. Appraising Multinuclear Cu 2+ Structure Formation in Cu-CHA SCR Catalysts via Low-T Dry CO Oxidation with Modulated NH 3 Solvation. ChemistryOpen 2022; 11:e202200186. [PMID: 36101494 PMCID: PMC9471058 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cu2+ ions (ZCu2+ (OH)- , Z2 Cu2+ ) are regarded as the NH3 -SCR (SCR=selective catalytic reduction) active site precursors of Cu-exchanged chabazite (CHA) which is among the best available catalysts for the abatement of NOx from Diesel engines. During SCR operation, copper sites undergo reduction (Reduction half-cycle, RHC: Cu2+ →Cu+ ) and oxidation (Oxidaton half-cycle, OHC: Cu+ →Cu2+ ) semi cycles, whose associated mechanisms are still debated. We recently proposed CO oxidation to CO2 as an effective method to probe the formation of multinuclear Cu2+ species as the initial low-T RHC step. NH3 pre-adsorption determined a net positive effect on the CO2 production: by solvating ZCu2+ (OH)- ions, ammonia enhances their mobility, favoring their coupling to form binuclear complexes which can catalyze the reaction. In this work, dry CO oxidation experiments, preceded by modulated NH3 feed phases, clearly showed that CO2 production enhancements are correlated with the extent of Cu2+ ion solvation by NH3 . Analogies with the SCR-RHC phase are evidenced: the NH3 -Cu2+ presence ensures the characteristic dynamics associated with a second order kinetic dependence on the oxidized Cu2+ fraction. These findings provide novel information on the NH3 role in the low-T SCR redox mechanism and on the nature of the related active catalyst sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes (LCCP)Dipartimento di EnergiaPolitecnico di MilanoVia Giuseppe La Masa 3420156MilanItaly
| | - Roberta Villamaina
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - Maria Pia Ruggeri
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - Jillian Collier
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
| | - David Thompsett
- Emission Control DepartmentJohnson Matthey Technology CentreBlounts Court Road, Sonning CommonReadingRG4 9NHUK
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24
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Zheng W, Zhu R, Wu H, Ma T, Zhou H, Zhou M, He C, Liu X, Li S, Cheng C. Tailoring Bond Microenvironments and Reaction Pathways of Single‐Atom Catalysts for Efficient Water Electrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202208667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiong Zheng
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Ran Zhu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Tian Ma
- Sichuan University West China Hospital Department of Ultrasound CHINA
| | - Hongju Zhou
- Sichuan University West China Hospital Department of Nephrology CHINA
| | - Mi Zhou
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Biomass Science and Engineering CHINA
| | - Chao He
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Xikui Liu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Shuang Li
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
| | - Chong Cheng
- Sichuan University Department of polymer science No. 24, Yihuan Road 610065 Chengdu CHINA
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25
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Zheng W, Zhu R, Wu H, Ma T, Zhou H, Zhou M, He C, Liu X, Li S, Cheng C. Tailoring Bond Microenvironments and Reaction Pathways of Single-Atom Catalysts for Efficient Water Electrolysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202208667. [PMID: 35876718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202208667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Single-Atom Sites (SASs) are commonly stabilized and influenced by neighboring atoms in the host; disclosing the structure-reactivity relationships of SASs in water electrolysis are the grand challenges originating from the enormous support materials with complex structures. Through a multidisciplinary view of the design principles, synthesis strategies, characterization techniques, and theoretical analysis of structure-performance correlations, this timely review is dedicated to summarizing the most recent progress in tailoring bond microenvironments on different supports and discussing the reaction pathways and performance advantages of different SAS structures for water electrolysis . The essences and mechanisms of how SAS structures influence their electrocatalysis and the critical needs for their future developments are discussed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives are also provided to stimulate their practically widespread utilization in water-splitting electrolyzers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqiong Zheng
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Ran Zhu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Huijuan Wu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Tian Ma
- Sichuan University West China Hospital, Department of Ultrasound, CHINA
| | - Hongju Zhou
- Sichuan University West China Hospital, Department of Nephrology, CHINA
| | - Mi Zhou
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Biomass Science and Engineering, CHINA
| | - Chao He
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Xikui Liu
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Shuang Li
- Sichuan University - Wangjiang Campus: Sichuan University, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, No.24 South Section 1, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
| | - Chong Cheng
- Sichuan University, Department of polymer science, No. 24, Yihuan Road, 610065, Chengdu, CHINA
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26
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Bruzzese PC, Salvadori E, Civalleri B, Jäger S, Hartmann M, Pöppl A, Chiesa M. The Structure of Monomeric Hydroxo-Cu II Species in Cu-CHA. A Quantitative Assessment. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13079-13083. [PMID: 35819401 PMCID: PMC9335873 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Using EPR and HYSCORE spectroscopies in conjunction with ab initio calculations, we assess the structure of framework-bound
monomeric hydroxo-CuII in copper-loaded chabazite (CHA).
The species is an interfacial distorted square-planar [CuIIOH(O-8MRs)3] complex located at eight-membered-ring windows,
displaying three coordinating bonds with zeolite lattice oxygens and
the hydroxo ligand hydrogen-bonded to the cage. The complex has a
distinctive EPR signature with g = [2.072 2.072 2.290], CuA= [30 30 410] MHz, and HA = [−13.0 −4.5 +11.5] MHz, distinctively different
from other CuII species in CHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Cleto Bruzzese
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Enrico Salvadori
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Bartolomeo Civalleri
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Stefan Jäger
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Hartmann
- Erlangen Center for Interface Research and Catalysis (ECRC), FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andreas Pöppl
- Felix Bloch Institute for Solid State Physics, Leipzig University, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mario Chiesa
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, University of Turin, 10125 Torino, Italy
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27
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Martini A, Negri C, Bugarin L, Deplano G, Abasabadi RK, Lomachenko KA, Janssens TVW, Bordiga S, Berlier G, Borfecchia E. Assessing the Influence of Zeolite Composition on Oxygen-Bridged Diamino Dicopper(II) Complexes in Cu-CHA DeNO x Catalysts by Machine Learning-Assisted X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:6164-6170. [PMID: 35763262 PMCID: PMC9272442 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cu-exchanged chabazite is the catalyst of choice for NOx abatement in diesel vehicles aftertreatment systems via ammonia-assisted selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR). Herein, we exploit in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy powered by wavelet transform analysis and machine learning-assisted fitting to assess the impact of the zeolite composition on NH3-mobilized Cu-complexes formed during the reduction and oxidation half-cycles in NH3-SCR at 200 °C. Comparatively analyzing well-characterized Cu-CHA catalysts, we show that the Si/Al ratio of the zeolite host affects the structure of mobile dicopper(II) complexes formed during the oxidation of the [CuI(NH3)2]+ complexes by O2. Al-rich zeolites promote a planar coordination motif with longer Cu-Cu interatomic distances, while at higher Si/Al values, a bent motif with shorter internuclear separations is also observed. This is paralleled by a more efficient oxidation at a given volumetric Cu density at lower Si/Al, beneficial for the NOx conversion under NH3-SCR conditions at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martini
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Negri
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Luca Bugarin
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Gabriele Deplano
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Reza K. Abasabadi
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Kirill A. Lomachenko
- European
Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 40220, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | | | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department
of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University
of Turin, Via Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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28
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Huang M, Maeno Z, Toyao T, Shimizu KI. Ga speciation and ethane dehydrogenation catalysis of Ga-CHA and MOR: Comparative investigation with Ga-MFI. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Wu Y, Ma Y, Wang Y, Rappé KG, Washton NM, Wang Y, Walter ED, Gao F. Rate Controlling in Low-Temperature Standard NH 3-SCR: Implications from Operando EPR Spectroscopy and Reaction Kinetics. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:9734-9746. [PMID: 35605129 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of seven Cu/SSZ-13 catalysts with Si/Al = 6.7 are used to elucidate key rate-controlling factors during low-temperature standard ammonia-selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR), via a combination of SCR kinetics and operando electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Strong Cu-loading-dependent kinetics, with Cu atomic efficiency increasing nearly by an order of magnitude, is found when per chabazite cage occupancy for Cu ion increases from ∼0.04 to ∼0.3. This is due mainly to the release of intercage Cu transfer constraints that facilitates the redox chemistry, as evidenced from detailed Arrhenius analysis. Operando EPR spectroscopy studies reveal strong connectivity between Cu-ion dynamics and SCR kinetics, based on which it is concluded that under low-temperature steady-state SCR, kinetically most relevant Cu species are those with the highest intercage mobility. Transient binuclear Cu species are mechanistically relevant species, but their splitting and cohabitation are indispensable for low-temperature kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yue Ma
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yilin Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Kenneth G Rappé
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Nancy M Washton
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Yong Wang
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Voiland School of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99163, United States
| | - Eric D Walter
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Feng Gao
- Institute for Integrated Catalysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
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30
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Lee H, Nuguid RJG, Jeon SW, Kim HS, Hwang KH, Kröcher O, Ferri D, Kim DH. In situ spectroscopic studies of the effect of water on the redox cycle of Cu ions in Cu-SSZ-13 during selective catalytic reduction of NO x. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6610-6613. [PMID: 35583379 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01786e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effect of water on the NH3-assisted selective catalytic reduction of NOx (NH3-SCR) has been largely neglected, despite the inevitable presence of water vapor in real emissions produced by fuel combustion. In this work, we investigated the role of water in the behavior of active Cu2+ ions in Cu-SSZ-13 in the NH3-SCR reaction. The addition of water to the reactant feed leads to significantly increased NOx reduction over the catalyst. By combining in situ DRIFTS and XANES analyses during the NH3-SCR reaction, we found that the redox cycle of Cu ions is promoted by the presence of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwangho Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Rob Jeremiah G Nuguid
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Se Won Jeon
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Sub Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Keon Ha Hwang
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Oliver Kröcher
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland.,Institute of Chemical Science and Engineering, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
| | - Davide Ferri
- Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen 5232, Switzerland
| | - Do Heui Kim
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Daya R, Trandal D, Menon U, Deka DJ, Partridge WP, Joshi SY. Kinetic Model for the Reduction of Cu II Sites by NO + NH 3 and Reoxidation of NH 3-Solvated Cu I Sites by O 2 and NO in Cu-SSZ-13. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohil Daya
- Cummins Inc., 1900 McKinley Avenue, Columbus, Indiana 47201, United States
| | - Dylan Trandal
- Cummins Inc., 1900 McKinley Avenue, Columbus, Indiana 47201, United States
| | - Unmesh Menon
- Cummins Inc., 1900 McKinley Avenue, Columbus, Indiana 47201, United States
| | - Dhruba J. Deka
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, United States
| | - William P. Partridge
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 2360 Cherahala Boulevard, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932, United States
| | - Saurabh Y. Joshi
- Cummins Inc., 1900 McKinley Avenue, Columbus, Indiana 47201, United States
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32
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Deplano G, Signorile M, Crocellà V, Porcaro NG, Atzori C, Solemsli BG, Svelle S, Bordiga S. Titration of Cu(I) Sites in Cu-ZSM-5 by Volumetric CO Adsorption. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:21059-21068. [PMID: 35482942 PMCID: PMC9100488 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cu-exchanged zeolites are widely studied materials because of their importance in industrial energetic and environmental processes. Cu redox speciation lies at the center of many of these processes but is experimentally difficult to investigate in a quantitative manner with regular laboratory equipment. This work presents a novel technique for this purpose that exploits the selective adsorption of CO over accessible Cu(I) sites to quantify them. In particular, isothermal volumetric adsorption measurements are performed at 50 °C on a series of opportunely pre-reduced Cu-ZSM-5 to assess the relative fraction of Cu(I); the setup is fairly simple and only requires a regular volumetric adsorption apparatus to perform the actual measurement. Repeatability tests are carried out on the measurement and activation protocols to assess the precision of the technique, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) obtained is less than 5%. Based on the results obtained for these materials, the same CO adsorption protocol is studied for the sample using infrared spectroscopy, and a good correlation is found between the results of the volumetric measurements and the absorbance of the peak assigned to the Cu(I)-CO adducts. A linear model is built for this correlation, and the molar attenuation coefficient is obtained, allowing for spectrophotometric quantification. The good sensitivity of the spectrophotometric approach and the precision and simplicity of the volumetric approach form a complementary set of tools to quantitatively study Cu redox speciation in these materials at the laboratory scale, allowing for a wide range of Cu compositions to be accurately investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Deplano
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Matteo Signorile
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Valentina Crocellà
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Natale Gabriele Porcaro
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Cesare Atzori
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
| | - Bjørn Gading Solemsli
- SMN
Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, NO, Norway
| | - Stian Svelle
- SMN
Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, NO, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department
of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via P. Giuria 7-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A, 10135 Torino, TO, Italy
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33
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Hu W, He J, Liu X, Yu H, Jia X, Yan T, Han L, Zhang D. SO 2- and H 2O-Tolerant Catalytic Reduction of NO x at a Low Temperature via Engineering Polymeric VO x Species by CeO 2. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5170-5178. [PMID: 35369692 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c08715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx over V2O5-based oxide catalysts has been widely used, but it is still a challenge to efficiently reduce NOx at low temperatures under SO2 and H2O co-existence. Herein, SO2- and H2O-tolerant catalytic reduction of NOx at a low temperature has been originally demonstrated via engineering polymeric VOx species by CeO2. The polymeric VOx species were tactfully engineered on Ce-V2O5 composite active sites via the surface occupation effect of Ce, and the obtained catalysts exhibited remarkable low-temperature activity and strong SO2 and H2O tolerance at 250 °C. The strong interaction between Ce and V species induced the electron transfer from V to Ce and tuned the SCR reaction via the E-R pathway between the NH4+/NH3 species and gaseous NO. In the presence of SO2 and H2O, the polymeric VOx species had not been hardly influenced, while the formation of sulfate species on Ce sites not only promoted the adsorption of NH4+ species and the reaction between gaseous NO and NH4+ but also facilitated the decomposition of ammonium bisulfate through weakening the strong bond between HSO4- and NH4+. This work provided a new strategy for SO2- and H2O-tolerant catalytic reduction of NOx at a low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Hu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jiebing He
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Huijun Yu
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Yan
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Lupeng Han
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Dengsong Zhang
- International Joint Laboratory of Catalytic Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, Department of Chemistry, Research Center of Nano Science and Technology, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
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34
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Ye X, Oord R, Monai M, Schmidt JE, Chen T, Meirer F, Weckhuysen BM. New insights into the NH 3-selective catalytic reduction of NO over Cu-ZSM-5 as revealed by operando spectroscopy. Catal Sci Technol 2022; 12:2589-2603. [PMID: 35664830 PMCID: PMC9016411 DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To control diesel vehicle NO x emissions, Cu-exchanged zeolites have been applied in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NO using NH3 as reductant. However, the harsh hydrothermal environment of tailpipe conditions causes irreversible catalyst deactivation. The aggregation of isolated Cu2+ brings about unselective ammonia oxidation along with the main NH3-SCR reaction. An unusual 'dip' shaped NO conversion curve was observed in the steamed zeolite Cu-ZSM-5, resulting from the undesired NH3 oxidation that produced NO. Here we gain further insights into the NH3-SCR reaction and its deactivation by employing operando UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) on fresh and steamed zeolite Cu-ZSM-5. We found that tetragonally distorted octahedral Cu2+ with associated NH3 preferentially forms during low temperature NH3-SCR (<250 °C) in fresh Cu-ZSM-5. The high coordination number of Cu2+ ensures the availability for high coverage of nitrate intermediates. Whilst in the steamed Cu-ZSM-5, [Cu x (OH)2x-1]+ oligomers/clusters in pseudo-tetrahedral symmetry with coordinated NH3 accumulated during the low-temperature NH3-SCR reaction. These clusters presented a strong adsorption of surface NH3 and nitrates/nitric acid at low temperatures and therefore limited the reaction between surface species in the steamed Cu-ZSM-5. Further release of NH3 with increased reaction temperature favors NH3 oxidation that causes the drop of NO conversion at ∼275 °C. Moreover, competitive adsorption of NH3 and nitrates/nitric acid occurs on shared Lewis-acidic adsorption sites. Prompt removal of surface nitrates/nitric acid by NO avoids the surface blockage and tunes the selectivity by alternating nitrate-nitrite equilibrium. The formation of adsorbed NO2 and HNO x points to the necessity of an acid adsorbent in practical applications. The structural similarity under the NH3-SCR reaction and unselective NH3 oxidation confirmed the entanglement of these two reactions above 250 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinwei Ye
- Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China.,Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ramon Oord
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Matteo Monai
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Joel E Schmidt
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Tiehong Chen
- Institute of New Catalytic Materials Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (MOE), Nankai University Tianjin 300350 China
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99 3584 CG Utrecht The Netherlands
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Hu W, Gramigni F, Nasello ND, Usberti N, Iacobone U, Liu S, Nova I, Gao X, Tronconi E. Dynamic Binuclear Cu II Sites in the Reduction Half-Cycle of Low-Temperature NH 3–SCR over Cu-CHA Catalysts. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c01213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenshuo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Federica Gramigni
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicole Daniela Nasello
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Nicola Usberti
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Umberto Iacobone
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Isabella Nova
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
| | - Xiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Enrico Tronconi
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Catalytic Processes, Dipartimento di Energia, Politecnico di Milano, Via La Masa 34, 20156 Milano, Italy
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36
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Zabilska A, Clark AH, Moskowitz BM, Wachs IE, Kakiuchi Y, Copéret C, Nachtegaal M, Kröcher O, Safonova OV. Redox Dynamics of Active VO x Sites Promoted by TiO x during Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethanol Detected by Operando Quick XAS. JACS AU 2022; 2:762-776. [PMID: 35388376 PMCID: PMC8977985 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Titania-supported vanadia (VO x /TiO2) catalysts exhibit outstanding catalytic in a number of selective oxidation and reduction processes. In spite of numerous investigations, the nature of redox transformations of vanadium and titanium involved in various catalytic processes remains difficult to detect and correlate to the rate of products formation. In this work, we studied the redox dynamics of active sites in a bilayered 5% V2O5/15% TiO2/SiO2 catalyst (consisting of submonolayer VO x species anchored onto a TiO x monolayer, which in turn is supported on SiO2) during the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethanol. The VO x species in 5% V2O5/15% TiO2/SiO2 show high selectivity to acetaldehyde and an ca. 40 times higher acetaldehyde formation rate in comparison to VO x species supported on SiO2 with a similar density. Operando time-resolved V and Ti K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, coupled with a transient experimental strategy, quantitatively showed that the formation of acetaldehyde over 5% V2O5/15% TiO2/SiO2 is kinetically coupled to the formation of a V4+ intermediate, while the formation of V3+ is delayed and 10-70 times slower. The low-coordinated nature of various redox states of VO x species (V5+, V4+, and V3+) in the 5% V2O5/15% TiO2/SiO2 catalyst is confirmed using the extensive database of V K-edge XANES spectra of standards and specially synthesized molecular crystals. Much weaker redox activity of the Ti4+/Ti3+ couple was also detected; however, it was found to not be kinetically coupled to the rate-determining step of ethanol oxidation. Thus, the promoter effect of TiO x is rather complex. TiO x species might be involved in a fast electron transport between VO x species and might affect the electronic structure of VO x , thereby promoting their reducibility. This study demonstrates the high potential of element-specific operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy for uncovering complex catalytic mechanisms involving the redox kinetics of various metal oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zabilska
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Benjamin M. Moskowitz
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy &
Catalysis Laboratory,
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Israel E. Wachs
- Operando Molecular Spectroscopy &
Catalysis Laboratory,
Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Yuya Kakiuchi
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Copéret
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | - Oliver Kröcher
- Paul
Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen, Switzerland
- École
Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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37
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Xu G, Li H, Yu Y, He H. Dynamic Change of Active Sites of Supported Vanadia Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:3710-3718. [PMID: 35195409 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (NH3-SCR) on V2O5/TiO2 catalysts is a widely used commercial technology in power plants and diesel vehicles due to its high elimination efficiency for NOx removal. However, the mechanistic aspects of the NH3-SCR reaction, especially the active sites on the V2O5/TiO2 catalysts, are still a puzzle. Herein, using combined operando spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations, we found that the reactivity of the Lewis acid site was significantly overestimated due to its conversion to the Brønsted acid site. Such interconversion makes it challenging to measure the intrinsic reactivity of different acid sites accurately. In contrast, the abundant V-OH Brønsted acid sites govern the overall NOx reduction rate in realistic exhaust containing water vapor. Moreover, the vanadia species cycle between V5+═O and V4+-OH during NOx reduction, and the re-oxidation of V4+ species to form V5+ is the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Xu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hao Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yunbo Yu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong He
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
- Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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38
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Yu R, Kong H, Zhao Z, Shi C, Meng X, Xiao FS, De Baerdemaeker T, Parvulescu AN, Müller U, Zhang W. Rare‐earth Yttrium Exchanged Cu‐SSZ‐39 Zeolite with Superior Hydrothermal Stability and SO2‐Tolerance in NH3‐SCR of NOx. ChemCatChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202200228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yu
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Haiyu Kong
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhenchao Zhao
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Chuan Shi
- Dalian University of Technology School of Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Xiangju Meng
- Zhejiang University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | | | | | | | - Ulrich Müller
- BASF SE Process Research and Chemical Engineering GERMANY
| | - Weiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals No.2 Linggong Road 116024 Dalian CHINA
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39
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40
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Yang J, Ren S, Wang M, Chen Z, Chen L, Liu L. Time-resolved in situ DRIFTS study on NH3-SCR of NO on a CeO2/TiO2 catalyst. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02089g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ce–Ti catalysts were considered as a promising replacement for V–Ti based catalysts for selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2) with NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Shan Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Zhichao Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Lian Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
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41
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Lv N, Sun C, Wang X, Wang C, Yue Y, Bao X. Understanding the superior NH3-SCR activity on CHA zeolite synthesized via template-free interzeolite transformation. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qi01414e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesizing CHA-type zeolite via template-free interzeolite transformation has been considered as a green manner, but the resultant zeolite exhibits low activity in selective catalytic reduction of NOx by ammonia (NH3-SCR)....
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42
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Sun G, Yu R, Xu L, Wang B, Zhang W. Enhanced hydrothermal stability and SO 2-tolerance of Cu–Fe modified AEI zeolite catalysts in NH 3-SCR of NO x. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02343h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cu/Fe-SSZ-39 zeolites with AEI structure show significant enhancements on the NH3-SCR reactivity, hydrothermal stability and SO2-tolerance, which makes them very promising in deNOx applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Rui Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lulu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Bingchun Wang
- China Catalyst Holding Co., Ltd., Dalian 116308, China
| | - Weiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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43
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Stiel H, Braenzel J, Jonas A, Gnewkow R, Glöggler LT, Sommer D, Krist T, Erko A, Tümmler J, Mantouvalou I. Towards Understanding Excited-State Properties of Organic Molecules Using Time-Resolved Soft X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13463. [PMID: 34948258 PMCID: PMC8706469 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extension of the pump-probe approach known from UV/VIS spectroscopy to very short wavelengths together with advanced simulation techniques allows a detailed analysis of excited-state dynamics in organic molecules or biomolecular structures on a nanosecond to femtosecond time level. Optical pump soft X-ray probe spectroscopy is a relatively new approach to detect and characterize optically dark states in organic molecules, exciton dynamics or transient ligand-to-metal charge transfer states. In this paper, we describe two experimental setups for transient soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy based on an LPP emitting picosecond and sub-nanosecond soft X-ray pulses in the photon energy range between 50 and 1500 eV. We apply these setups for near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) investigations of thin films of a metal-free porphyrin, an aggregate forming carbocyanine and a nickel oxide molecule. NEXAFS investigations have been carried out at the carbon, nitrogen and oxygen K-edge as well as on the Ni L-edge. From time-resolved NEXAFS carbon, K-edge measurements of the metal-free porphyrin first insights into a long-lived trap state are gained. Our findings are discussed and compared with density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Stiel
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Julia Braenzel
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Adrian Jonas
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Analytical X-ray Physics, TU Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Gnewkow
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Analytical X-ray Physics, TU Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Lisa Theresa Glöggler
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Analytical X-ray Physics, TU Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Denny Sommer
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Thomas Krist
- NOB Nano Optics Berlin GmbH, D-10627 Berlin, Germany;
| | | | - Johannes Tümmler
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Max-Born-Institut für Nichtlineare Optik und Kurzzeitspektroskopie, D-12489 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Ioanna Mantouvalou
- Berlin Laboratory for Innovative X-ray Technologies (BLiX), D-10623 Berlin, Germany; (J.B.); (A.J.); (R.G.); (L.T.G.); (J.T.); (I.M.)
- Analytical X-ray Physics, TU Berlin, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
- Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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44
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Temperature dependence of Cu(I) oxidation and Cu(II) reduction kinetics in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 on Cu-chabazite zeolites. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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45
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Cai M, Bian X, Xie F, Wu W, Cen P. Formation and Performance of Monolithic Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of Nitrogen Oxides: A Critical Review. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202101358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Cai
- School of Metallurgy Northeastern University NO.3-11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Xue Bian
- School of Metallurgy Northeastern University NO.3-11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Feng Xie
- School of Metallurgy Northeastern University NO.3-11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Wen‐yuan Wu
- School of Metallurgy Northeastern University NO.3-11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China
| | - Peng Cen
- School of Metallurgy Northeastern University NO.3-11 Wenhua Road Shenyang 110819 China
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46
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Millan R, Cnudde P, van Speybroeck V, Boronat M. Mobility and Reactivity of Cu + Species in Cu-CHA Catalysts under NH 3-SCR-NOx Reaction Conditions: Insights from AIMD Simulations. JACS AU 2021; 1:1778-1787. [PMID: 34723280 PMCID: PMC8549050 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The mobility of the copper cations acting as active sites for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides with ammonia in Cu-CHA catalysts varies with temperature and feed composition. Herein, the migration of [Cu(NH3)2]+ complexes between two adjacent cavities of the chabazite structure, including other reactant molecules (NO, O2, H2O, and NH3), in the initial and final cavities is investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations combined with enhanced sampling techniques to describe hopping events from one cage to the other. We find that such diffusion is only significantly hindered by the presence of excess NH3 or NO in the initial cavity, since both reactants form with [Cu(NH3)2]+ stable intermediates which are too bulky to cross the 8-ring windows connecting the cavities. The presence of O2 modifies strongly the interaction of NO with Cu+. At low temperatures, we observe NO detachment from Cu+ and increased mobility of the [Cu(NH3)2]+ complex, while at high temperatures, NO reacts spontaneously with O2 to form NO2. The present simulations give evidence for recent experimental observations, namely, an NH3 inhibition effect on the SCR reaction at low temperatures, and transport limitations of NO and NH3 at high temperatures. Our first principle simulations mimicking operating conditions support the existence of two different reaction mechanisms operating at low and high temperatures, the former involving dimeric Cu(NH3)2-O2-Cu(NH3)2 species and the latter occurring by direct NO oxidation to NO2 in one single cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reisel Millan
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
| | - Pieter Cnudde
- Center
for Molecular Modeling, Ghent University, Technologiepark 46, 9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium
| | | | - Mercedes Boronat
- Instituto
de Tecnología Química, Universitat
Politècnica de València-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas, Avenida de los Naranjos s/n, 46022 València, Spain
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47
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Percival SJ, Henkelis SE, Li M, Schindelholz ME, Krumhansl JL, Small LJ, Lobo RF, Nenoff TM. Nickel-Loaded SSZ-13 Zeolite-Based Sensor for the Direct Electrical Readout Detection of NO 2. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Percival
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Susan E. Henkelis
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Muyuan Li
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Mara E. Schindelholz
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - James L. Krumhansl
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Leo J. Small
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Raul F. Lobo
- Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
- Center for Neutron Science, Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Tina M. Nenoff
- Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800,
MS 1411, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
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48
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Guo A, Xie K, Lei H, Rizzotto V, Chen L, Fu M, Chen P, Peng Y, Ye D, Simon U. Inhibition Effect of Phosphorus Poisoning on the Dynamics and Redox of Cu Active Sites in a Cu-SSZ-13 NH 3-SCR Catalyst for NO x Reduction. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:12619-12629. [PMID: 34510889 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) stemming from biodiesel and/or lubricant oil additives is unavoidable in real diesel exhausts and deactivates gradually the Cu-SSZ-13 zeolite catalyst for ammonia-assisted selective catalytic NOx reduction (NH3-SCR). Here, the deactivation mechanism of Cu-SSZ-13 by P-poisoning was investigated by ex situ examination of the structural changes and by in situ probing the dynamics and redox of Cu active sites via a combination of impedance spectroscopy, diffuse reflection infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. We unveiled that strong interactions between Cu and P led to not only a loss of Cu active sites for catalytic turnovers but also a restricted dynamic motion of Cu species during low-temperature NH3-SCR catalysis. Furthermore, the CuII ↔ CuI redox cycling of Cu sites, especially the CuI → CuII reoxidation half-cycle, was significantly inhibited, which can be attributed to the restricted Cu motion by P-poisoning disabling the formation of key dimeric Cu intermediates. As a result, the NH3-SCR activity at low temperatures (200 °C and below) decreased slightly for the mildly poisoned Cu-SSZ-13 and considerably for the severely poisoned Cu-SSZ-13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anqi Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kunpeng Xie
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Huarong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Valentina Rizzotto
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Limin Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Mingli Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peirong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yue Peng
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Daiqi Ye
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ulrich Simon
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1a, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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49
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Negri C, Martini A, Deplano G, Lomachenko KA, Janssens TVW, Borfecchia E, Berlier G, Bordiga S. Investigating the role of Cu-oxo species in Cu-nitrate formation over Cu-CHA catalysts. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:18322-18337. [PMID: 34612374 PMCID: PMC8409503 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01754c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The speciation of framework-interacting CuII sites in Cu-chabazite zeolite catalysts active in the selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 is studied, to investigate the influence of the Al content on the copper structure and their reactivity towards a NO/O2 mixture. To this aim, three samples with similar Cu densities and different Si/Al ratios (5, 15 and 29) were studied using in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), FTIR and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis during pretreatment in O2 followed by the reaction. XAS and UV-Vis data clearly show the main presence of Z2CuII sites (with Z representing a framework negative charge) at a low Si/Al ratio, as predicted. EXAFS wavelet transform analysis showed a non-negligible fraction of proximal Z2CuII monomers, possibly stabilized into two 6-membered rings within the same cage. These sites are not able to form Cu-nitrates by interaction with NO/O2. By contrast, framework-anchored Z[CuII(NO3)] complexes with a chelating bidentate structure are formed in samples with a higher Si/Al ratio, by reaction of NO/O2 with Z[CuII(OH)] sites or structurally similar mono- or multi-copper Zx[CuIIxOy] sites. Linear combination fit (LCF) analysis of the XAS data showed good agreement between the fraction of Z[CuII(OH)]/Zx[CuIIxOy] sites formed during activation in O2 and that of Z[CuII(NO3)] complexes formed by reaction with NO/O2, further confirming the chemical inertia of Z2CuII towards these reactants in the absence of solvating NH3 molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Negri
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
- The Smart Materials Research Institute, Southern Federal UniversitySladkova 178/24344090 Rostov-on-DonRussia
| | - Gabriele Deplano
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
| | - Kirill A. Lomachenko
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 4022038043 Grenoble Cedex 9France
| | | | - Elisa Borfecchia
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
| | - Gloria Berlier
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre, University of TurinVia Giuria 7Turin10125 (I)Italy
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50
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Bing L, Xu C, Li F, Li Q, Wang F, Han D, Wang G. Preparation of Hierarchical SSZ-13 with Core-Shell Structure by Post-synthesis Fluoride Etching. CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.210198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liancheng Bing
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Changyou Xu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Fangni Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Dezhi Han
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
| | - Guangjian Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao Shandong 266042, P. R. China
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