1
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Ni JT, Zhang MS, Lu DL, Lu WJ, Wu L, Yang ZD, Qin C, Dai ZJ, Li ZW, Feng WJ, Cai HH, Zhang JR, Liang CY, Deng JJ, Luo XC. Bioconversion of agriculture by-products with functionally enhanced Streptomyces sp. SCUT-3: Fish skin as a model. Food Chem 2024; 463:141106. [PMID: 39241423 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.141106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
With the global population continuously rising, efficient bioconversion of inedible agricultural by-products is crucial for human food and energy sustainability. We here propose solid-state fermentation approaches to efficiently convert biopolymers into oligomers/monomers by accelerating the natural degradation process of the versatile Streptomyces sp. strain SCUT-3. Using fish skin as a representative by-product, 54.3 g amino acids and 14.7 g peptides (91 % < 2500 Da) were recovered from 89.0 g protein in 100 g tilapia skin sample by collagenase-overexpressed SCUT-3 for seven days at a 1:4 substrate:liquid ratio. Fish skin collagen hydrolysates exhibited excellent anti-oxidation, anti-hypertension, scratch-repairing, anti-aging, anti-ultraviolet radiation, and anti-inflammation effects on human skin fibroblasts In vitro and zebrafish larvae in vivo, indicating their potential applications in healthcare/skincare and anti-atopic dermatitis. As Laozi said, the divine law follows nature. This study underscores the efficacy of genetically engineered SCUT-3 according to its natural biomass utilization laws in large-scale biopolymer conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Tao Ni
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Ming-Shu Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - De-Lin Lu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Lu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Lei Wu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Dong Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Can Qin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Jie Dai
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Zhi-Wei Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Feng
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Hua-Hong Cai
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Chu-Yan Liang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China
| | - Jun-Jin Deng
- Agro-biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources Conservation and Utilization, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Xiao-Chun Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, PR China.
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2
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Shu N, He Y, Zhang Y. Research progress on measurement methods and clinical applications of corneal elastic modulus. Exp Eye Res 2024; 245:109974. [PMID: 38897271 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2024.109974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Various corneal diseases are strongly associated with corneal biomechanical characteristics, and early measurement of patients' corneal biomechanics can be utilized in their diagnosis and treatment. Measurement methods for corneal biomechanical characteristics are classified into ex vivo and in vivo. Some of these methods can directly measure certain corneal biomechanical parameters, while others require indirect calculation through alternative methods. However, due to diversities in measurement techniques and environmental conditions, significant differences may exist in the corneal mechanical properties measured by these two methods. Therefore, comprehensive research on current measurement methods and the exploration of novel measurement techniques may have great clinical significance. The corneal elastic modulus, a critical indicator in corneal biomechanics, reflects the cornea's ability to return to its initial shape after undergoing stress. This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary of the corneal elastic modulus, which is a critical biomechanical parameter, and discuss its direct, indirect, and potential measurement methods and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanqi Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yuxi He
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130041, Jilin Province, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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3
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Matsuzaki S, Hase E, Takanari H, Hayashi Y, Hayashi Y, Oshikata H, Minamikawa T, Kimura S, Ichimura-Shimizu M, Yasui T, Harada M, Tsuneyama K. Quantification of collagen fiber properties in alcoholic liver fibrosis using polarization-resolved second harmonic generation microscopy. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22100. [PMID: 38092851 PMCID: PMC10719293 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48887-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is assessed mainly by conventional staining or second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy, which can only provide collagen content in fibrotic area. We propose to use polarization-resolved SHG (PR-SHG) microscopy to quantify liver fibrosis in terms of collagen fiber orientation and crystallization. Liver samples obtained from autopsy cases with fibrosis stage of F0-F4 were evaluated with an SHG microscope, and 12 consecutive PR-SHG images were acquired while changing the polarization azimuth angle of the irradiated laser from 0° to 165° in 15° increments using polarizer. The fiber orientation angle (φ) and degree (ρ) of collagen were estimated from the images. The SHG-positive area increased as the fibrosis stage progressed, which was well consistent with Sirius Red staining. The value of φ was random regardless of fibrosis stage. The mean value of ρ (ρ-mean), which represents collagen fiber crystallinity, varied more as fibrosis progressed to stage F3, and converged to a significantly higher value in F4 than in other stages. Spatial dispersion of ρ (ρ-entropy) also showed increased variation in the stage F3 and decreased variation in the stage F4. It was shown that PR-SHG could provide new information on the properties of collagen fibers in human liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saya Matsuzaki
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Eiji Hase
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hiroki Takanari
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Department of Legal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuri Hayashi
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Yusaku Hayashi
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Haruto Oshikata
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
- Tokushima University Faculty of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Takeo Minamikawa
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | | | - Mayuko Ichimura-Shimizu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Takeshi Yasui
- Division of Next-Generation Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Masafumi Harada
- Department of Radiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Koichi Tsuneyama
- Division of Interdisciplinary Research for Medicine and Photonics, Institute of Post-LED Photonics, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-18-15, Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.
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4
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Hammer N, Ondruschka B, Berghold A, Kuenzer T, Pregartner G, Scholze M, Schulze-Tanzil GG, Zwirner J. Sample size considerations in soft tissue biomechanics. Acta Biomater 2023; 169:168-178. [PMID: 37517620 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Biomechanical experiments help link tissue morphology with load-deformation characteristics. A tissue-dependent minimum sample number is indispensable to obtain accurate material properties. Stress-strain properties were retrieved from human dura mater and scalp skin, exemplifying two distinct soft tissues. Minimum sample sizes necessary for a stable estimation of material properties were obtained in a simulation study. One-thousand random samples were sequentially drawn for calculating the point at which a majority of the estimators settled within a corridor of stability at given tolerance levels around a 'complete' reference for the mean, median and coefficient of variation. Stable estimations of means and medians can be achieved below sample sizes of 30 at a ± 20%-tolerance within 80%-conformity for scalp skin and dura. Lower tolerance levels or higher conformity dramatically increase the required sample size. Conformity was barely ever reached for the coefficient of variation. The parameter type appears decisive for achieving conformity. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomechanical trials utilizing human tissues are needed to obtain material properties for surgical repair, tissue engineering and modeling purposes. Linking tissue mechanics with morphology helps elucidate form-function relationships, the 'morpho-mechanical link'. For material properties to be accurate, it is vital to examine a minimum number of samples. This number may vary between tissues, and the effects of intrinsic tissue characteristics on data accuracy are unclear to date. This study used data obtained from human dura and skin to compute minimum sample sizes required for estimating material properties at a stable level. It was shown that stable estimations are possible at a ± 20%-tolerance within 80%-conformity below sample sizes of 30. Higher accuracy warrants much higher sample sizes for most material properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Hammer
- Division of Macroscopic and Clinical Anatomy, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Department of Orthopedic and Trauma Surgery, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Division of Biomechatronics, Fraunhofer Institute for Machine Tools and Forming Technology Dresden, Germany.
| | - Benjamin Ondruschka
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Berghold
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Thomas Kuenzer
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Gudrun Pregartner
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Statistics and Documentation, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Mario Scholze
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Chemnitz University of Technology, Chemnitz, Germany
| | | | - Johann Zwirner
- Institute of Legal Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Oral Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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5
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Jeon H, Harvey M, Cisek R, Bennett E, Tokarz D. Characterization of pathological stomach tissue using polarization-sensitive second harmonic generation microscopy. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:5376-5391. [PMID: 37854565 PMCID: PMC10581783 DOI: 10.1364/boe.500335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in collagen ultrastructure between human gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric tissue were investigated using polarization-resolved second harmonic generation (PSHG) microscopy. Cylindrical and trigonal symmetries were assumed to extract quantitative PSHG parameters, ρ, κ and S, from each image pixel. Statistically significant variations in these values were observed for gastric adenocarcinoma, indicating a higher disorder of collagen. Numerical focal volume simulations of crossing fibrils indicate increased S parameter is due to more intersecting collagen fibrils of varying diameters. These parameters were also able to distinguish between different grades of gastric adenocarcinoma indicating that PSHG may be useful for automated cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hwanhee Jeon
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - MacAulay Harvey
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Richard Cisek
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Elisha Bennett
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Danielle Tokarz
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary’s University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
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6
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Manesco C, Saavedra-Villanueva O, Martin M, de Lizaraga J, Varga B, Cloitre T, Gerber YN, Perrin FE, Gergely C. Organization of collagen fibers and tissue hardening: Markers of fibrotic scarring after spinal cord injury in mice revealed by multiphoton-atomic force microscopy imaging. NANOMEDICINE : NANOTECHNOLOGY, BIOLOGY, AND MEDICINE 2023; 53:102699. [PMID: 37572769 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2023.102699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury is a dramatic disease leading to severe motor, sensitive and autonomic impairments. After injury the axonal regeneration is partly inhibited by the glial scar, acting as a physical and chemical barrier. The scarring process involves microglia, astrocytes and extracellular matrix components, such as collagen, constructing the fibrotic component of the scar. To investigate the role of collagen, we used a multimodal label-free imaging approach combining multiphoton and atomic force microscopy. The second harmonic generation signal exhibited by fibrillar collagen enabled to specifically monitor it as a biomarker of the lesion. An increase in collagen density and the formation of more tortuous fibers over time after injury are observed. Nano-mechanical investigations revealed a noticeable hardening of the injured area, correlated with collagen fibers' formation. These observations indicate the concomitance of important structural and mechanical modifications during the fibrotic scar evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Martin
- L2C, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Béla Varga
- L2C, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Yannick Nicolas Gerber
- MMDN, Univ Montpellier, EPHE, INSERM, Montpellier, France; IUF, Intitut Universitaire de, France, Paris
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7
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Raoux C, Chessel A, Mahou P, Latour G, Schanne-Klein MC. Unveiling the lamellar structure of the human cornea over its full thickness using polarization-resolved SHG microscopy. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2023; 12:190. [PMID: 37528091 PMCID: PMC10394036 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01224-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
A key property of the human cornea is to maintain its curvature and consequently its refraction capability despite daily changes in intraocular pressure. This is closely related to the multiscale structure of the corneal stroma, which consists of 1-3 µm-thick stacked lamellae made of thin collagen fibrils. Nevertheless, the distribution, size, and orientation of these lamellae along the depth of the cornea are poorly characterized up to now. In this study, we use second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy to visualize the collagen distribution over the full depth of 10 intact and unstained human corneas (500-600 µm thick). We take advantage of the small coherence length in epi-detection to axially resolve the lamellae while maintaining the corneal physiological curvature. Moreover, as raw epi-detected SHG images are spatially homogenous because of the sub-wavelength size of stromal collagen fibrils, we use a polarimetric approach to measure the collagen orientation in every voxel. After a careful validation of this approach, we show that the collagen lamellae (i) are mostly oriented along the inferior-superior axis in the anterior stroma and along the nasal-temporal axis in the posterior stroma, with a gradual shift in between and (ii) exhibit more disorder in the anterior stroma. These results represent the first quantitative characterization of the lamellar structure of the human cornea continuously along its entire thickness with micrometric resolution. It also shows the unique potential of P-SHG microscopy for imaging of collagen distribution in thick dense tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clothilde Raoux
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Anatole Chessel
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Pierre Mahou
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Gaël Latour
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Marie-Claire Schanne-Klein
- Laboratory for Optics and Biosciences, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS, INSERM, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, 91128, Palaiseau, France.
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8
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Passeri AA, Di Michele A, Neri I, Cottone F, Fioretto D, Mattarelli M, Caponi S. Size and environment: The effect of phonon localization on micro-Brillouin imaging. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 147:213341. [PMID: 36827851 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Specifically designed samples have been analyzed to test the ability of Brillouin spectroscopy to provide reliable mechanical characterization of micro and nano-objects. The selected samples are polymeric films, whose transversal sizes from hundreds of nano- to some micro-meters cover the entire range of length-scales relevant in Brillouin scattering process. The experimental data highlight how, the size of the extended collective oscillation (acoustic phonons, in brief) is the lowest spatial resolution reachable in Brillouin mechanical characterization. Conversely, in the limit condition of phonon confinement, the technique provides the mechanical properties of nano-objects whose characteristic size is comparable with the phonon wavelength (⁓300 nm). Investigating acoustically heterogeneous materials, both size of heterogeneity and acoustic mismatch between adjacent regions are shown to be relevant in shaping the Brillouin response. In particular, a transition from a confined to a non-confined condition is obtained modulating the acoustic mismatch between the micro-objects and their local environment. The provided results and the derived analytic models for the data analysis will guide the interpretation of Brillouin spectra acquired in complex nano-structured samples such as cells, tissues or biomimetic materials. Our analysis can therefore generate new insights to tackle fundamental problems in mechanobiology or to characterize new bioengineered materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Passeri
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - A Di Michele
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - I Neri
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - F Cottone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy
| | - D Fioretto
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy; CEMIN, Centre of Excellence on Nanostructured Innovative Materials, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - M Mattarelli
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Geologia, Università di Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06100 Perugia, Italy.
| | - S Caponi
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali, National Research Council (IOM-CNR), Unit of Perugia, c/o Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
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9
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Alunni Cardinali M, Govoni M, Tschon M, Brogini S, Vivarelli L, Morresi A, Fioretto D, Rocchi M, Stagni C, Fini M, Dallari D. Brillouin-Raman micro-spectroscopy and machine learning techniques to classify osteoarthritic lesions in the human articular cartilage. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1690. [PMID: 36717645 PMCID: PMC9886972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28735-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, Brillouin and Raman micro-Spectroscopy (BRamS) and Machine Learning were used to set-up a new diagnostic tool for Osteoarthritis (OA), potentially extendible to other musculoskeletal diseases. OA is a degenerative pathology, causing the onset of chronic pain due to cartilage disruption. Despite this, it is often diagnosed late and the radiological assessment during the routine examination may fail to recognize the threshold beyond which pharmacological treatment is no longer sufficient and prosthetic replacement is required. Here, femoral head resections of OA-affected patients were analyzed by BRamS, looking for distinctive mechanical and chemical markers of the progressive degeneration degree, and the result was compared to standard assignment via histological staining. The procedure was optimized for diagnostic prediction by using a machine learning algorithm and reducing the time required for measurements, paving the way for possible future in vivo characterization of the articular surface through endoscopic probes during arthroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Alunni Cardinali
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Govoni
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques-Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Matilde Tschon
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Brogini
- Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Leonardo Vivarelli
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques-Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Assunta Morresi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123, Perugia, Italy.,CEMIN-Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Rocchi
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques-Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Cesare Stagni
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques-Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Milena Fini
- Scientific Director, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - Dante Dallari
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques-Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
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10
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Leartprapun N, Adie SG. Recent advances in optical elastography and emerging opportunities in the basic sciences and translational medicine [Invited]. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 14:208-248. [PMID: 36698669 PMCID: PMC9842001 DOI: 10.1364/boe.468932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Optical elastography offers a rich body of imaging capabilities that can serve as a bridge between organ-level medical elastography and single-molecule biophysics. We review the methodologies and recent developments in optical coherence elastography, Brillouin microscopy, optical microrheology, and photoacoustic elastography. With an outlook toward maximizing the basic science and translational clinical impact of optical elastography technologies, we discuss potential ways that these techniques can integrate not only with each other, but also with supporting technologies and capabilities in other biomedical fields. By embracing cross-modality and cross-disciplinary interactions with these parallel fields, optical elastography can greatly increase its potential to drive new discoveries in the biomedical sciences as well as the development of novel biomechanics-based clinical diagnostics and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nichaluk Leartprapun
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
- Present affiliation: Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Steven G. Adie
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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11
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Blue-LED-Light Photobiomodulation of Inflammatory Responses and New Tissue Formation in Mouse-Skin Wounds. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101564. [PMID: 36295000 PMCID: PMC9604901 DOI: 10.3390/life12101564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent studies evidence that blue-LED-light irradiation can modulate cell responses in the wound healing process within 24 h from treatment. This study aims to investigate blue-light (410-430 nm) photobiomodulation used in a murine wound model within six days post-treatment. Methods: A superficial wound was made in 30 CD1 male mice. The injuries were treated with a blue LED light (20.6 J/cm2), and biopsies were collected at 24, 72, and 144 h. Histology, fluorescence analysis, and advanced microscopy techniques were used. Results: We can observe an increase in the cellular infiltrate response, and in mast-cell density and their degranulation index correlated to the expression of the major histocompatibility complex after 24 h. Furthermore, after six days, the vessel density increases with the expression of the platelet-derived growth factor in the mast cells. Finally, collagen deposition and morphology in the treated wounds appear more similar to unwounded skin. Conclusions: Blue-light photobiomodulation stimulates several cellular processes that are finely coordinated by mast cells, leading to more rapid wound healing and a better-recovered skin morphology.
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Rix J, Uckermann O, Kirsche K, Schackert G, Koch E, Kirsch M, Galli R. Correlation of biomechanics and cancer cell phenotype by combined Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy of U87-MG glioblastoma cells. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY, INTERFACE 2022; 19:20220209. [PMID: 35857926 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2022.0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The elucidation of biomechanics furthers our understanding of brain tumour biology. Brillouin spectroscopy is a new optical method that addresses viscoelastic properties down to subcellular resolution in a contact-free manner. Moreover, it can be combined with Raman spectroscopy to obtain co-localized biochemical information. Here, we applied co-registered Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy to U87-MG human glioblastoma cells in vitro. Using two-dimensional and three-dimensional cultures, we related biomechanical properties to local biochemical composition at the subcellular level, as well as the cell phenotype. Brillouin and Raman mapping of adherent cells showed that the nucleus and nucleoli are stiffer than the perinuclear region and the cytoplasm. The biomechanics of the cell cytoplasm is affected by culturing conditions, i.e. cells grown as spheroids are stiffer than adherent cells. Inside the spheroids, the presence of lipid droplets as assessed by Raman spectroscopy revealed higher Brillouin shifts that are not related to a local increase in stiffness, but are due to a higher refractive index combined with a lower mass density. This highlights the importance of locally defined biochemical reference data for a correct interpretation of the Brillouin shift of cells and tissues in future studies investigating the biomechanics of brain tumour models by Brillouin spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Rix
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ortrud Uckermann
- Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.,Division of Medical Biology, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Kirsche
- Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Edmund Koch
- Clinical Sensoring and Monitoring, Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Kirsch
- Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.,Klinik für Neurochirurgie, Asklepios Kliniken Schildautal, Karl-Herold-Strasse 1, D-38723 Seesen, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Roberta Galli
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
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Alunni Cardinali M, Cartechini L, Paolantoni M, Miliani C, Fioretto D, Pensabene Buemi L, Comez L, Rosi F. Microscale mechanochemical characterization of drying oil films by in situ correlative Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabo4221. [PMID: 35767625 PMCID: PMC9242584 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abo4221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Correlative Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy (BRaMS) is applied for the in situ monitoring of the chemical and physical changes of linseed oil during polymerization. The viscoelastic properties of the drying oil throughout the phase transition were determined by Brillouin light scattering (BLS) and joined to the Raman spectroscopic information about the chemical process responsible for the oil hardening. A comparative study was then performed on an oil mock-up containing ZnO, one of the most common white pigments used in cultural heritage. The intriguing outcomes open new research perspectives for a deeper comprehension of the processes leading to the conversion of a fluid binder into a dry adhering film. The description of both chemical and structural properties of the polymeric network and their evolution are the basis for a better understanding of oil painting degradation. Last, as a feasibility test, BRaMS was applied to study a precious microfragment from J. Pollock's masterpiece Alchemy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Alunni Cardinali
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 6 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Laura Cartechini
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies-SCITEC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Elce di Sotto, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Marco Paolantoni
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto, 6 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Costanza Miliani
- Institute of Heritage Science-ISPC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Cardinale Guglielmo Sanfelice 8, 80134 Napoli (NA), Italy
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-IOM, National Research Council-CNR, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | | | - Lucia Comez
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali-IOM, National Research Council-CNR, Via Pascoli, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | - Francesca Rosi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies-SCITEC, National Research Council-CNR, Via Elce di Sotto, Perugia I-06123, Italy
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Giovannelli A, Mattana S, Emiliani G, Anichini M, Traversi ML, Pavone FS, Cicchi R. Localized stem heating from the rest to growth phase induces latewood-like cell formation and slower stem radial growth in Norway spruce saplings. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 42:1149-1163. [PMID: 34918169 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpab166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recent climate projections predict a more rapid increase of winter temperature than summer and global temperature averages in temperate and cold environments. As there is relatively little experimental knowledge on the effect of winter warming on cambium phenology and stem growth in species growing in cold environments, the setting of manipulative experiments is considered of primary importance, and they can help to decipher the effect of reduced winter chilling and increased forcing temperatures on cambium reactivation, growth and xylem traits. In this study, localized stem heating was applied to investigate the effect of warming from the rest to the growth phase on cambium phenology, intra-annual stem growth dynamics and ring wood features in Picea abies (L.) H.Karst. We hypothesized that reduced winter chilling induces a postponed cambium dormancy release and decrease of stem growth, while high temperature during cell wall lignification determines an enrichment of latewood-like cells. The heating device was designed to maintain a +5 °C temperature delta with respect to air temperature, thus allowing an authentic scenario of warming. Continuous stem heating from the rest (November) to the growing phase determined, at the beginning of radial growth, a reduction of the number of cell layers in the cambium, higher number of cell layers in the wall thickening phase and an asynchronous stem radial growth when comparing heated and ambient saplings. Nevertheless, heating did not induce changes in the number of produced cell layers at the end of the growing season. The analyses of two-photon fluorescence images showed that woody rings formed during heating were enriched with latewood-like cells. Our results showed that an increase of 5 °C of temperature applied to the stem from the rest to growth might not influence, as generally reported, onset of cambial activity, but it could affect xylem morphology of Norway spruce in mountain environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Giovannelli
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Italy
| | - Sara Mattana
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Largo Fermi 6, Firenze 50125, Italy
| | - Giovanni Emiliani
- Istituto Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante (IPSP), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Italy
| | - Monica Anichini
- Istituto per la Bioeconomia (IBE), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Italy
| | - Maria Laura Traversi
- Istituto di Ricerca sugli Ecosistemi Terrestri (IRET), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino I-50019, Italy
| | - Francesco Saverio Pavone
- Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via G. Sansone 1, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- Istituto Nazionale di Ottica (INO), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Largo Fermi 6, Firenze 50125, Italy
- Laboratorio Europeo di Spettroscopie Non-lineari (LENS), Via N. Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
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15
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Zhang D, Tian L, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Fu C, Zhai C, Jie Y, Li L. Differences of Corneal Biomechanics Among Thin Normal Cornea, Forme-Fruste Keratoconus, and Cornea After SMILE. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:861924. [PMID: 35646859 PMCID: PMC9136087 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.861924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To compare the corneal biomechanics of thin normal cornea (TNC) with thinnest corneal thickness (TCT) (≤500 µm), forme-fruste keratoconus (FFKC) and cornea after small incision lenticule extraction (Post-SMILE) had their central corneal thickness (CCT) matched by Corneal Visualization Scheimpflug Technology (Corvis ST).Methods: CCT were matched in 23 eyes with FFKC, 23 eyes by SMILE in 3 months post-operatively, and 23 TNC eyes. The differences in corneal biomechanics by Corvis ST among the three groups were compared.Results: There was no significant difference in CCT among the three groups, and the biomechanically corrected intraocular pressure (bIOP) did not differ significantly among the three groups (all p > 0.05). There were significant differences in most DCR parameters between pre- and post-operatively (all p < 0.05). Compared with TNC, the values of corneal deflection amplitude during the first applanation (A1DA), length at the first applanation (A1L), corneal deflection amplitude during the second applanation (A2DA), and maximum deformation amplitude (DA) decreased in 3 months after SMILE (all p < 0.05), these values increased in the FFKC (all p < 0.05).Conclusion: The majority of the DCR parameters were different among the three groups. The parameters A1DA, A1L, A2DA, and DA may be different between TNC and Post-SMILE, TNC and FFKC, and Post-SMILE and FFKC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beihang University and Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Caiyun Fu
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Changbin Zhai
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Li, ; Changbin Zhai, ; Ying Jie,
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Li, ; Changbin Zhai, ; Ying Jie,
| | - Lin Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-based Precision Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Li, ; Changbin Zhai, ; Ying Jie,
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16
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Ratto F, Magni G, Aluigi A, Giannelli M, Centi S, Matteini P, Oberhauser W, Pini R, Rossi F. Cyanine-Doped Nanofiber Mats for Laser Tissue Bonding. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091613. [PMID: 35564323 PMCID: PMC9105542 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In spite of an extensive body of academic initiatives and innovative products, the toolkit of wound dressing has always revolved around a few common concepts such as adhesive patches and stitches and their variants. Our work aims at an alternative solution for an immediate restitutio ad integrum of the mechanical functionality in cutaneous repairs. We describe the fabrication and the application of electrospun mats of bioactive nanofibers all made of biocompatible components such as a natural polysaccharide and a cyanine dye for use as laser-activatable plasters, resembling the ultrastructure of human dermis. In particular, we investigate their morphological features and mechanical moduli under conditions of physiological relevance, and we test their use to bind a frequent benchmark of connective tissue as rabbit tendon and a significant case of clinical relevance as human dermis. Altogether, our results point to the feasibility of a new material for wound dressing combining translational potential, strength close to human dermis, extensibility exceeding 15% and state-of-art adhesive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulvio Ratto
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.R.); (F.R.)
| | - Giada Magni
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Annalisa Aluigi
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, BO, Italy; (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Marta Giannelli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, BO, Italy; (A.A.); (M.G.)
| | - Sonia Centi
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Paolo Matteini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Werner Oberhauser
- Istituto di Chimica dei Composti Organometallici, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy;
| | - Roberto Pini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata “Nello Carrara”, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy; (G.M.); (S.C.); (P.M.); (R.P.)
- Correspondence: (F.R.); (F.R.)
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17
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Qin X, Tian L, Zhang H, Zhang D, Jie Y, Zhang HX, Li L. Determine Corneal Biomechanical Parameters by Finite Element Simulation and Parametric Analysis Based on ORA Measurements. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:862947. [PMID: 35497338 PMCID: PMC9043460 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.862947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) is one of the most commonly used devices to measure corneal biomechanics in vivo. Until now, the relationship between the output parameters and corneal typical biomechanical parameters was not clear. Hence, we defined the output parameters of ORA as ORA output parameters. This study aims to propose a method to determine corneal biomechanical parameters based on ORA measurements by finite element simulation and parametric analysis. Methods: Finite element analysis was used to simulate the mechanics process of ORA measurements with different intraocular pressure (IOP), corneal geometrical parameters and corneal biomechanical parameters. A simplified geometrical optics model was built to simulate the optical process of the measurements to extract ORA output parameters. After that, 70% of the simulated data was used to establish the quantitative relationship between corneal biomechanical parameters and ORA output parameters by parametric analysis and 30% of the simulated data was used to validate the established model. Besides, ten normal subjects were included to evaluate the normal range of corneal biomechanical parameters calculated from ORA. Results: The quantitative relationship between corneal biomechanical parameters and ORA output parameters is established by combining parametric analysis with finite element simulation. The elastic modulus (E) and relaxation limit (G∞) of the ten normal subjects were 0.65 ± 0.07 MPa and 0.26 ± 0.15, respectively. Conclusions: A method was proposed to determine corneal biomechanical parameters based on the results of ORA measurements. The magnitude of the corneal biomechanical parameters calculated according to our method was reasonable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Medical Science Research Center, Department of Otolaryngology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Shuaifuyuan 1, Dongcheng District, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University and Capital Medical University, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Jie
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Jie, ; Hai-Xia Zhang, ; Lin Li,
| | - Hai-Xia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Jie, ; Hai-Xia Zhang, ; Lin Li,
| | - Lin Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Fundamental Research on Biomechanics in Clinical Application, School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ying Jie, ; Hai-Xia Zhang, ; Lin Li,
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18
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Comparison between Cylindrical, Trigonal, and General Symmetry Models for the Analysis of Polarization-Dependent Second Harmonic Generation Measurements Acquired from Collagen-Rich Equine Pericardium Samples. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Polarization-dependent second harmonic generation (PSHG) microscopy is used as an innovative, high-resolution, non-destructive, and label-free diagnostic imaging tool to elucidate biological issues with high significance. In the present study, information on the structure and directionality of collagen fibers in equine pericardium tissue was collected using PSHG imaging measurements. In an effort to acquire precise results, three different mathematical models (cylindrical, trigonal, and general) were applied to the analysis of the recorded PSHG datasets. A factor called the “ratio parameter” was calculated to provide quantitative information. The implementation of the trigonal symmetry model to the recorded data led to the extraction of improved results compared with the application of the widely used cylindrical symmetry model. The best outcome was achieved through the application of the general model that does not include any kind of symmetry for the data processing. Our findings suggest that the trigonal symmetry model is preferable for the analysis of the PSHG datasets acquired from the collagenous tissues compared with the cylindrical model approach although an increased computational time is required.
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19
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Picon A, Terradillos E, Sánchez-Peralta LF, Mattana S, Cicchi R, Blover BJ, Arbide N, Velasco J, Etzezarraga MC, Pavone FS, Garrote E, Saratxaga CL. Novel Pixelwise Co-Registered Hematoxylin-Eosin and Multiphoton Microscopy Image Dataset for Human Colon Lesion Diagnosis. J Pathol Inform 2022; 13:100012. [PMID: 35223136 PMCID: PMC8855324 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpi.2022.100012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer presents one of the most elevated incidences of cancer worldwide. Colonoscopy relies on histopathology analysis of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) images of the removed tissue. Novel techniques such as multi-photon microscopy (MPM) show promising results for performing real-time optical biopsies. However, clinicians are not used to this imaging modality and correlation between MPM and H&E information is not clear. The objective of this paper is to describe and make publicly available an extensive dataset of fully co-registered H&E and MPM images that allows the research community to analyze the relationship between MPM and H&E histopathological images and the effect of the semantic gap that prevents clinicians from correctly diagnosing MPM images. The dataset provides a fully scanned tissue images at 10x optical resolution (0.5 µm/px) from 50 samples of lesions obtained by colonoscopies and colectomies. Diagnostics capabilities of TPF and H&E images were compared. Additionally, TPF tiles were virtually stained into H&E images by means of a deep-learning model. A panel of 5 expert pathologists evaluated the different modalities into three classes (healthy, adenoma/hyperplastic, and adenocarcinoma). Results showed that the performance of the pathologists over MPM images was 65% of the H&E performance while the virtual staining method achieved 90%. MPM imaging can provide appropriate information for diagnosing colorectal cancer without the need for H&E staining. However, the existing semantic gap among modalities needs to be corrected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artzai Picon
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Astondo bidea, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain.,University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Ingeniero Torres Quevedo Plaza, 1, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elena Terradillos
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Astondo bidea, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Luisa F Sánchez-Peralta
- Centro de Cirugía de Mínima Invasión Jesús Usón, Carretera N-521, km. 41,8, 10071 Cáceres, Spain
| | - Sara Mattana
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via N. Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), Via N. Carrara 1, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
| | - Benjamin J Blover
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nagore Arbide
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Bilbao (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Jacques Velasco
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Bilbao (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Mª Carmen Etzezarraga
- Osakidetza Basque Health Service, Basurto University Hospital, Department of Pathological Anatomy, Bilbao (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Estibaliz Garrote
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Astondo bidea, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain
| | - Cristina L Saratxaga
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Astondo bidea, Edificio 700, 48160 Derio (Bizkaia), Spain
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20
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Alunni Cardinali M, Di Michele A, Mattarelli M, Caponi S, Govoni M, Dallari D, Brogini S, Masia F, Borri P, Langbein W, Palombo F, Morresi A, Fioretto D. Brillouin-Raman microspectroscopy for the morpho-mechanical imaging of human lamellar bone. J R Soc Interface 2022; 19:20210642. [PMID: 35104431 PMCID: PMC8807060 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2021.0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone has a sophisticated architecture characterized by a hierarchical organization, starting at the sub-micrometre level. Thus, the analysis of the mechanical and structural properties of bone at this scale is essential to understand the relationship between its physiology, physical properties and chemical composition. Here, we unveil the potential of Brillouin-Raman microspectroscopy (BRaMS), an emerging correlative optical approach that can simultaneously assess bone mechanics and chemistry with micrometric resolution. Correlative hyperspectral imaging, performed on a human diaphyseal ring, reveals a complex microarchitecture that is reflected in extremely rich and informative spectra. An innovative method for mechanical properties analysis is proposed, mapping the intermixing of soft and hard tissue areas and revealing the coexistence of regions involved in remodelling processes, nutrient transportation and structural support. The mineralized regions appear elastically inhomogeneous, resembling the pattern of the osteons' lamellae, while Raman and energy-dispersive X-ray images through scanning electron microscopy show an overall uniform distribution of the mineral content, suggesting that other structural factors are responsible for lamellar micromechanical heterogeneity. These results, besides giving an important insight into cortical bone tissue properties, highlight the potential of BRaMS to access the origin of anisotropic mechanical properties, which are almost ubiquitous in other biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Alunni Cardinali
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - A. Di Michele
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - M. Mattarelli
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - S. Caponi
- Istituto Officina Dei Materiali, National Research Council (IOM-CNR), Unit of Perugia, c/o Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - M. Govoni
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques – Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - D. Dallari
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques – Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via G.C. Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - S. Brogini
- Complex Structure of Surgical Sciences and Technologies, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - F. Masia
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - P. Borri
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Museum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3AX, UK
| | - W. Langbein
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University, The Parade, Cardiff CF24 3AA, UK
| | - F. Palombo
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - A. Morresi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
| | - D. Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, Perugia 06123, Italy
- CEMIN - Center of Excellence for Innovative Nanostructured Material, Via Elce di Sotto 8, Perugia 06123, Italy
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21
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Shaik TA, Baria E, Wang X, Korinth F, Lagarto JL, Höppener C, Pavone FS, Deckert V, Popp J, Cicchi R, Krafft C. Structural and Biochemical Changes in Pericardium upon Genipin Cross-Linking Investigated Using Nondestructive and Label-Free Imaging Techniques. Anal Chem 2022; 94:1575-1584. [PMID: 35015512 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tissue cross-linking represents an important and often used technique to enhance the mechanical properties of biomaterials. For the first time, we investigated biochemical and structural properties of genipin (GE) cross-linked equine pericardium (EP) using optical imaging techniques in tandem with quantitative atomic force microscopy (AFM). EP was cross-linked with GE at 37 °C, and its biochemical and biomechanical properties were observed at various time points up to 24 h. GE cross-linked EP was monitored by the normalized ratio between its second-harmonic generation (SHG) and two-photon autofluorescence emissions and remained unchanged for untreated EP; however, a decreasing ratio due to depleted SHG and elevated autofluorescence and a fluorescence band at 625 nm were found for GE cross-linked EP. The mean autofluorescence lifetime of GE cross-linked EP also decreased. The biochemical signature of GE cross-linker and shift in collagen bands were detected and quantified using shifted excitation Raman difference spectroscopy as an innovative approach for tackling artifacts with high fluorescence backgrounds. AFM images indicated a higher and increasing Young's modulus correlated with cross-linking, as well as collagen structural changes in GE cross-linked EP, qualitatively explaining the observed decrease in the second-harmonic signal. In conclusion, we obtained detailed information about the biochemical, structural, and biomechanical effects of GE cross-linked EP using a unique combination of optical and force microscopy techniques in a nondestructive and label-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Ahmed Shaik
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Enrico Baria
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Florian Korinth
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - João L Lagarto
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Christiane Höppener
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics, National Research Council (CNR-INO), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology and Member of Leibniz Research Alliance "Health Technologies", Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
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22
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Sherlock B, Chen J, Mansfield J, Green E, Winlove C. Biophotonic tools for probing extracellular matrix mechanics. Matrix Biol Plus 2021; 12:100093. [PMID: 34934939 PMCID: PMC8661043 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2021.100093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex, hierarchical and heterogeneous biomechanics of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are central to the health of multicellular organisms. Characterising the distribution, dynamics and above all else origins of ECM biomechanics are challenges that have captivated researchers for decades. Recently, a suite of biophotonics techniques have emerged as powerful new tools to investigate ECM biomechanics. In this mini-review, we discuss how the non-destructive, sub-micron resolution imaging capabilities of Raman spectroscopy and nonlinear microscopy are being used to interrogate the biomechanics of thick, living tissues. These high speed, label-free techniques are implemented during mechanical testing, providing unprecedented insight into the compositional and structural response of the ECM to changes in the mechanical environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.E. Sherlock
- College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter EX1 2LU, United Kingdom
| | - J. Chen
- College of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - J.C. Mansfield
- College of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - E. Green
- College of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - C.P. Winlove
- College of Engineering, Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
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23
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Tsafas V, Giouroukou K, Kounakis K, Mari M, Fotakis C, Tavernarakis N, Filippidis G. Monitoring aging-associated structural alterations in Caenorhabditis elegans striated muscles via polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation measurements. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2021; 14:e202100173. [PMID: 34405541 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The in-vivo elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying muscles dysfunction due to aging via non-invasive label free imaging techniques is an important issue with high biological significance. In this study, polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation (PSHG) was used to evaluate structural alterations in the striated muscles during Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan. Young and old wild-type animals were irradiated. The obtained results showed that it was not feasible to detect differences in the structure of myosin that could be correlated with the aging of the worms, via the implementation of the classical, widely used, cylindrical symmetry model and the calculation of the SHG anisotropy values. A trigonal symmetry model improved the extracted results; however, the best outcome was originated from the application of a general model. Myosin structural modifications were monitored via the estimation of the difference in spectral phases derived from discrete Fourier transform analysis. Age classification of the nematodes was achieved by employing both models, proving the usefulness of the usage of PSHG microscopy as a potential diagnostic tool for the investigation of muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Tsafas
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantina Giouroukou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Kounakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Meropi Mari
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Costas Fotakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Nektarios Tavernarakis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - George Filippidis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Heraklion, Greece
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24
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Non-contact elastography methods in mechanobiology: a point of view. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2021; 51:99-104. [PMID: 34463775 PMCID: PMC8964566 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-021-01567-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, mechanobiology has emerged as a novel perspective in the context of basic biomedical research. It is now widely recognized that living cells respond not only to chemical stimuli (for example drugs), but they are also able to decipher mechanical cues, such as the rigidity of the underlying matrix or the presence of shear forces. Probing the viscoelastic properties of cells and their local microenvironment with sub-micrometer resolution is required to study this complex interplay and dig deeper into the mechanobiology of single cells. Current approaches to measure mechanical properties of adherent cells mainly rely on the exploitation of miniaturized indenters, to poke single cells while measuring the corresponding deformation. This method provides a neat implementation of the everyday approach to measure mechanical properties of a material, but it typically results in a very low throughput and invasive experimental protocol, poorly translatable towards three-dimensional living tissues and biological constructs. To overcome the main limitations of nanoindentation experiments, a radical paradigm change is foreseen, adopting next generation contact-less methods to measure mechanical properties of biological samples with sub-cell resolution. Here we briefly introduce the field of single cell mechanical characterization, and we concentrate on a promising high resolution optical elastography technique, Brillouin spectroscopy. This non-contact technique is rapidly emerging as a potential breakthrough innovation in biomechanics, but the application to single cells is still in its infancy.
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25
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Rioboó RJJ, Gontán N, Sanderson D, Desco M, Gómez-Gaviro MV. Brillouin Spectroscopy: From Biomedical Research to New Generation Pathology Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8055. [PMID: 34360822 PMCID: PMC8347166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Brillouin spectroscopy has recently gained considerable interest within the biomedical field as an innovative tool to study mechanical properties in biology. The Brillouin effect is based on the inelastic scattering of photons caused by their interaction with thermodynamically driven acoustic modes or phonons and it is highly dependent on the material's elasticity. Therefore, Brillouin is a contactless, label-free optic approach to elastic and viscoelastic analysis that has enabled unprecedented analysis of ex vivo and in vivo mechanical behavior of several tissues with a micrometric resolution, paving the way to a promising future in clinical diagnosis. Here, we comprehensively review the different studies of this fast-moving field that have been performed up to date to provide a quick guide of the current literature. In addition, we offer a general view of Brillouin's biomedical potential to encourage its further development to reach its implementation as a feasible, cost-effective pathology diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael J. Jiménez Rioboó
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), C/Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Nuria Gontán
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (D.S.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanderson
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (D.S.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Desco
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (D.S.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria Victoria Gómez-Gaviro
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, 28007 Madrid, Spain; (N.G.); (D.S.)
- Departamento de Bioingeniería e Ingeniería Aeroespacial, Universidad Carlos III, 28911 Madrid, Spain
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26
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Pagano S, Lombardo G, Caponi S, Costanzi E, Di Michele A, Bruscoli S, Xhimitiku I, Coniglio M, Valenti C, Mattarelli M, Rossi G, Cianetti S, Marinucci L. Bio-mechanical characterization of a CAD/CAM PMMA resin for digital removable prostheses. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e118-e130. [DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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27
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Shaik TA, Lagarto JL, Baria E, Goktas M, Onoja PI, Blank KG, Pavone FS, Popp J, Krafft C, Cicchi R. Monitoring Changes in Biochemical and Biomechanical Properties of Collagenous Tissues Using Label-Free and Nondestructive Optical Imaging Techniques. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3813-3821. [PMID: 33596051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate the ability of nondestructive optical imaging techniques such as second-harmonic generation (SHG), two-photon fluorescence (TPF), fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) to monitor biochemical and mechanical alterations in tissues upon collagen degradation. Decellularized equine pericardium (EP) was treated with 50 μg/mL bacterial collagenase at 37 °C for 8, 16, 24, and 32 h. The SHG ratio (defined as the normalized ratio between SHG and TPF signals) remained unchanged for untreated EP (stored in phosphate-buffered solution (PBS)), whereas treated EP showed a trend of a decreasing SHG ratio with increasing collagen degradation. In the fluorescence domain, treated EP experienced a red-shifted emission and the fluorescence lifetime had a trend of decreasing lifetime with increasing collagen digestion. RS monitors collagen degradation, the spectra had less intense Raman bands at 814, 852, 938, 1242, and 1270 cm-1. Non-negative least-squares (NNLS) modeling quantifies collagen loss and relative increase of elastin. The Young's modulus, derived from atomic force microscope-based nanoindentation experiments, showed a rapid decrease within the first 8 h of collagen degradation, whereas more gradual changes were observed for optical modalities. We conclude that optical imaging techniques like SHG, RS, and FLIM can monitor collagen degradation in a label-free manner and coarsely access mechanical properties in a nondestructive manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanveer Ahmed Shaik
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - João L Lagarto
- National Institute of Optics (INO), National Research Council (CNR), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Enrico Baria
- National Institute of Optics (INO), National Research Council (CNR), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Melis Goktas
- Mechano(bio)chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patrick Igoche Onoja
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin G Blank
- Mechano(bio)chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Francesco S Pavone
- National Institute of Optics (INO), National Research Council (CNR), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Jürgen Popp
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Institute of Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany.,Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 6, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Krafft
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 9, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Riccardo Cicchi
- National Institute of Optics (INO), National Research Council (CNR), Largo E. Fermi 6, 50125 Florence, Italy.,European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Via Nello Carrara 1, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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28
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Zhang J, Scarcelli G. Mapping mechanical properties of biological materials via an add-on Brillouin module to confocal microscopes. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:1251-1275. [PMID: 33452504 PMCID: PMC8218248 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-020-00457-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Several techniques have been developed over the past few decades to assess the mechanical properties of biological samples, which has fueled a rapid growth in the fields of biophysics, bioengineering, and mechanobiology. In this context, Brillouin optical spectroscopy has long been known as an intriguing modality for noncontact material characterization. However, limited by speed and sample damage, it had not translated into a viable imaging modality for biomedically relevant materials. Recently, based on a novel spectroscopy strategy that substantially improves the speed of Brillouin measurement, confocal Brillouin microscopy has emerged as a unique complementary tool to traditional methods as it allows noncontact, nonperturbative, label-free measurements of material mechanical properties. The feasibility and potential of this innovative technique at both the cell and tissue level have been extensively demonstrated over the past decade. As Brillouin technology is rapidly recognized, a standard approach for building and operating Brillouin microscopes is required to facilitate the widespread adoption of this technology. In this protocol, we aim to establish a robust approach for instrumentation, and data acquisition and analysis. By carefully following this protocol, we expect that a Brillouin instrument can be built in 5-9 days by a person with basic optics knowledge and alignment experience; the data acquisition as well as postprocessing can be accomplished within 2-8 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitao Zhang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
| | - Giuliano Scarcelli
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
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29
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Cardinali MA, Govoni M, Dallari D, Caponi S, Fioretto D, Morresi A. Mechano-chemistry of human femoral diaphysis revealed by correlative Brillouin-Raman microspectroscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17341. [PMID: 33060731 PMCID: PMC7567825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brillouin–Raman microspectroscopy is presented as an innovative label-free all-optical investigation approachable to characterize the chemical composition and the mechanical properties of human tissues at micrometric resolution. Brillouin maps unveil mechanical heterogeneities in a human femoral diaphysis, showing a ubiquitous co-existence of hard and soft components, even in the most compact sections. The novel correlative analysis of Brillouin and Raman maps shows that the relative intensity of Brillouin peaks is a good proxy for the fraction of mineralized fibers and that the stiffness (longitudinal elastic modulus) of the hard component is linearly dependent on the hydroxyapatite concentration. For the soft component, a gradient of composition is found, ranging from an abundance of proteins in the more compact, external, bone to abundance of lipids, carotenoids, and heme groups approaching the trabecular, inner, part of the diaphysis. This work unveils the strong potential of correlative mechano-chemical characterization of human tissues at a micrometric resolution for both fundamental and translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Cardinali
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - M Govoni
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques - Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - D Dallari
- Reconstructive Orthopaedic Surgery and Innovative Techniques - Musculoskeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | - S Caponi
- Istituto Officina Dei Materiali, National Research Council (IOM-CNR), Unit of Perugia, c/o Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, 06123, Perugia, Italy
| | - D Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.
| | - A Morresi
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy
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30
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Tsafas V, Gavgiotaki E, Tzardi M, Tsafa E, Fotakis C, Athanassakis I, Filippidis G. Polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation for collagen-based differentiation of breast cancer samples. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e202000180. [PMID: 32643819 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202000180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Nonlinear optical imaging techniques have been widely used to reveal biological structures for accurate diagnosis at the cellular as well as the tissue level. In the present study, polarization-dependent second-harmonic generation (PSHG) was used to determine collagen orientation in breast cancer biopsy tissues (grades 0, I, II and III). The obtained data were processed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis, while second-harmonic generation (SHG) anisotropy and the "ratio parameter" values were also calculated. Such measurements were shown to be able to distinguish collagen structure modifications in different cancer grades tested. The analysis presented herein suggests that PSHG imaging could provide a quantitative evaluation of the tumor state and the distinction of malignant from benign breast tissues. The obtained results also allowed the development of a biophysical model, which can explain the aforementioned differentiations and is in agreement with the simulations relating the SHG anisotropy values with the mechanical tension applied to the collagen during cancer progression. The current approach could be a step forward for the development of new, nondestructive, label free optical diagnostic tools for cancer reducing the need of recalls and unnecessary biopsies, while potentially improving cancer detection rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vassilis Tsafas
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece
- Department of Physics, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelia Gavgiotaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece
- Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Maria Tzardi
- Medical School, University of Crete, Crete, Greece
| | - Effrosyni Tsafa
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece
| | - Costas Fotakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece
| | | | - George Filippidis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology, Crete, Greece
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31
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Bailey M, Alunni-Cardinali M, Correa N, Caponi S, Holsgrove T, Barr H, Stone N, Winlove CP, Fioretto D, Palombo F. Viscoelastic properties of biopolymer hydrogels determined by Brillouin spectroscopy: A probe of tissue micromechanics. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc1937. [PMID: 33127678 PMCID: PMC7608813 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Many problems in mechanobiology urgently require characterization of the micromechanical properties of cells and tissues. Brillouin light scattering has been proposed as an emerging optical elastography technique to meet this need. However, the information contained in the Brillouin spectrum is still a matter of debate because of fundamental problems in understanding the role of water in biomechanics and in relating the Brillouin data to low-frequency macroscopic mechanical parameters. Here, we investigate this question using gelatin as a model system in which the macroscopic physical properties can be manipulated to mimic all the relevant biological states of matter, ranging from the liquid to the gel and the glassy phase. We demonstrate that Brillouin spectroscopy is able to reveal both the elastic and viscous properties of biopolymers that are central to the structure and function of biological tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Bailey
- University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | | | - Noemi Correa
- University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Silvia Caponi
- CNR-IOM-Istituto Officina dei Materiali-Research Unit in Perugia, Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia I-06123, Italy
| | | | - Hugh Barr
- Gloucestershire Royal Hospital, Gloucester GL1 3NN, UK
| | - Nick Stone
- University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - C Peter Winlove
- University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- University of Perugia, Department of Physics and Geology, Perugia I-06123, Italy.
| | - Francesca Palombo
- University of Exeter, School of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, UK.
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32
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Liu T, Shen M, Li H, Zhang Y, Mu B, Zhao X, Wang Y. Changes and quantitative characterization of hyper-viscoelastic biomechanical properties for young corneal stroma after standard corneal cross-linking treatment with different ultraviolet-A energies. Acta Biomater 2020; 113:438-451. [PMID: 32525050 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) treatment can restore vision in patients suffering from keratoconus and corneal injury, by improving the mechanical properties of the cornea. The correlation between ultraviolet-A (UVA) irradiant energies of standard CXL (SCXL) and corneal visco-hyperelastic mechanical behavior remains unknown. In this study, SCXL with four different UVA irradiant energy doses (0-5.4 J/cm2) were administered as part of quantitative treatments of corneal stromal lenticules extracted from young myopic patients via small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) corneal refractive surgery. Double-strip samples with symmetric geometries were cut simultaneously for SCXL treatment and non-treated control. First, 40 pairs of strips were loaded to failure to assess the mechanical parameters of the material. Then, another 40 pairs were tested using a special uniaxial tensile test including quasi-static loading-unloading, instantaneous loading, and stress relaxation, to determine the visco-hyperelastic mechanical behavior. Upon combining the collagen fibril crimping constitutive model with the quasi-linear viscoelastic model, it was observed that with increasing UVA energy dose, the corneal strength and hyperelastic stiffness were significantly enhanced, while the maximum stretch and viscosity of the cornea were significantly reduced. Considering the quantitative analysis of SCXL and the rehabilitation prediction of keratoconus treatment, the results clarify the biomechanical behavior of human corneal stroma in SCXL clinical surgery. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: This study quantitatively analyzes the improvement in the biomechanical properties of young central corneal stroma, due to SCXL treatment with different energies. Furthermore, the correlation between the hyper-viscoelastic mechanical parameters and UVA irradiant energy doses of SCXL are clarified. The contribution of this study fills the knowledge gap of the CXL on corneal biomechanics. It can not only clarify this mechanism better but also assist with guiding SCXL surgery for individualized patient corneas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiwei Liu
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 China; Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Shen
- Department of Mechanics, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350 China.
| | - Hongxun Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020 China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020 China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Bokun Mu
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020 China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Xinheng Zhao
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020 China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020 China; Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070 China
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33
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Webb JN, Zhang H, Sinha Roy A, Randleman JB, Scarcelli G. Detecting Mechanical Anisotropy of the Cornea Using Brillouin Microscopy. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2020; 9:26. [PMID: 32832232 PMCID: PMC7414627 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.9.7.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to detect the mechanical anisotropy of the cornea using Brillouin microscopy along different perturbation directions. Methods Brillouin frequency shift of both whole globes (n = 10) and cornea punches (n = 10) were measured at different angles to the incident laser, thereby probing corneal longitudinal modulus of elasticity along different directions. Frequency shift of virgin (n = 26) versus cross-linked corneas (n = 15) over a large range of hydration conditions were compared in order to differentiate the contributions to Brillouin shift due to hydration from those due to stromal tissue. Results We detected mechanical anisotropy of corneas, with an average frequency shift increase of 53 MHz and 96 MHz when the instrument probed from 0° to 15° and 30° along the direction of the stromal fibers. Brillouin microscopy did not lose sensitivity to mechanical anisotropy up to 96% water content. We experimentally measured and theoretically modeled how mechanical changes independent of hydration affect frequency shift as a result of corneal cross-linking by isolating an approximately 100 MHz increase in frequency shift following a cross-linking procedure purely due to changes of stromal tissue mechanics. Conclusions Brillouin microscopy is sensitive to mechanical anisotropy of the stroma even in highly hydrated corneas. The agreement between model and experimental data suggested a quantitative relationship between Brillouin frequency shift, hydration state of the cornea, and stromal tissue stiffness. Translational Relevance The protocol and model validated throughout this study offer a path for comprehensive measurements of corneal mechanics within the clinic; allowing for improved evaluation of the long-term mechanical efficacy of cross-linking procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua N Webb
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Hongyuan Zhang
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Giuliano Scarcelli
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
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In-Depth Analysis of Egg-Tempera Paint Layers by Multiphoton Excitation Fluorescence Microscopy. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12093831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The non-invasive depth-resolved imaging of pictorial layers in paintings by means of linear optical techniques represents a challenge in the field of Cultural Heritage (CH). The presence of opaque and/or highly-scattering materials may obstruct the penetration of the radiation probe, thus impeding the visualization of the stratigraphy of paintings. Nonlinear Optical Microscopy (NLOM), which makes use of tightly-focused femtosecond pulsed lasers as illumination sources, is an emerging technique for the analysis of painted objects enabling micrometric three-dimensional (3D) resolution with good penetration capability in semi-transparent materials. In this work, we evaluated the potential of NLOM, specifically in the modality of Multi-Photon Excitation Fluorescence (MPEF), to probe the stratigraphy of egg-tempera mock-up paintings. A multi-analytical non-invasive approach, involving ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) Fiber Optics Reflectance Spectroscopy, Vis-NIR photoluminescence, and Laser Induced Fluorescence, yielded key-information for the characterization of the constituting materials and for the interpretation of the nonlinear results. Furthermore, the use of three nonlinear optical systems allowed evaluation of the response of the analyzed paints to different excitation wavelengths and photon doses, which proved useful for the definition of the most suitable measurement conditions. The micrometric thickness of the paint layers, which was not measurable by means of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), was instead assessed by MPEF, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of this nonlinear modality in probing highly-scattering media, while ensuring the minimal photochemical disturbance to the examined materials.
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35
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Caponi S, Mattana S, Mattarelli M, Alunni Cardinali M, Urbanelli L, Sagini K, Emiliani C, Fioretto D. Correlative Brillouin and Raman spectroscopy data acquired on single cells. Data Brief 2020; 29:105223. [PMID: 32090158 PMCID: PMC7026319 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The distribution of chemical species and the mechanical modulation inside a single cell or tissue are of fundamental importance to characterize their physiological activity or their pathological conditions [1-4]. Here we analyse these properties by means of label free, non invasive, spectroscopic methods. In particular, we use a recently developed micro-spectrometer, which acquires simultaneously Raman and Brillouin spectra on the same point with subcellular resolution [5]. The techniques ability to analyse the chemical composition and the mechanical properties of single cells has been tested on NIH/3T3 murine fibroblast cells grown in adhesion on silicon substrates. Here we report the data acquired from fixed cells after their oncogenic transformation. Mechanical and chemical evolution is evident by direct inspection of raw data. Sharing our experimental records can be valuable for researchers interested in the analysis of single cells by Raman and Brillouin spectroscopy in order: i) to compare data acquired by different set-ups and ii) to correctly model the fitting functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Caponi
- Istituto Officina dei Materiali del CNR (CNR-IOM)—Unità di Perugia, University of Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Sara Mattana
- Department of Physics, University of Florence, Via G. Sansone 1, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Maurizio Mattarelli
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | | | - Lorena Urbanelli
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Krizia Sagini
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Carla Emiliani
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via del Giochetto, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Perugia, I-06123, Italy
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36
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Caponi S, Fioretto D, Mattarelli M. On the actual spatial resolution of Brillouin Imaging. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:1063-1066. [PMID: 32108770 DOI: 10.1364/ol.385072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Brillouin imaging is an emerging optical elastography technique that is able to generate maps of the mechanical properties at microscale with great potential in biophysical and biomedical fields. A key parameter is its spatial resolution, which is usually identified with that of the confocal microscope coupled to the Brillouin interferometer. Conversely, here we demonstrate that the mean free path of acoustic phonons plays a major role in defining the resolution, especially for high numerical aperture confocal setups. Surprisingly, the resolution of elastography maps may even deteriorate when decreasing the scattering volume.
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37
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Ni M, Zhuo S, Iliescu C, So PTC, Mehta JS, Yu H, Hauser CAE. Self-assembling amyloid-like peptides as exogenous second harmonic probes for bioimaging applications. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900065. [PMID: 31162811 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-like peptides are an ideal model for the mechanistic study of amyloidosis, which may lead to many human diseases, such as Alzheimer disease. This study reports a strong second harmonic generation (SHG) effect of amyloid-like peptides, having a signal equivalent to or even higher than those of endogenous collagen fibers. Several amyloid-like peptides (both synthetic and natural) were examined under SHG microscopy and shown they are SHG-active. These peptides can also be observed inside cells (in vitro). This interesting property can make these amyloid-like peptides second harmonic probes for bioimaging applications. Furthermore, SHG microscopy can provide a simple and label-free approach to detect amyloidosis. Lattice corneal dystrophy was chosen as a model disease of amyloidosis. Morphological difference between normal and diseased human corneal biopsy samples can be easily recognized, proving that SHG can be a useful tool for disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ni
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences & Engineering, Yachay Tech University, San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - Shuangmu Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Science and Technology for Medicine of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, P. R. China
| | | | - Peter T C So
- Biosystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jodhbir S Mehta
- Singapore Eye Institute and Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
| | - Hanry Yu
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, Singapore
- Biosystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine & Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Charlotte A E Hauser
- Laboratory for Nanomedicine, Division of Biological & Environmental Science & Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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38
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Alunni Cardinali M, Casagrande Pierantoni D, Caponi S, Corte L, Fioretto D, Cardinali G. Meso-Raman approach for rapid yeast cells identification. Biophys Chem 2019; 254:106249. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2019.106249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Abstract
Brillouin spectroscopy and imaging are emerging techniques in analytical science, biophotonics, and biomedicine. They are based on Brillouin light scattering from acoustic waves or phonons in the GHz range, providing a nondestructive contactless probe of the mechanics on a microscale. Novel approaches and applications of these techniques to the field of biomedical sciences are discussed, highlighting the theoretical foundations and experimental methods that have been developed to date. Acknowledging that this is a fast moving field, a comprehensive account of the relevant literature is critically assessed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Palombo
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Stocker Road, EX4 4QL Exeter, U.K.
| | - Daniele Fioretto
- Department
of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, via Alessandro Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy
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