1
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You R, Jia Z. Pathophysiological role of Na-Cl cotransporter in kidneys, blood pressure, and metabolism. Hum Cell 2024; 37:1306-1315. [PMID: 38985392 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-024-01099-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
The Na-Cl cotransporter (NCC) is a well-recognized regulator of ion transportation in the kidneys that facilitates Na+ reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule. It is also the pharmacologic inhibitory target of thiazide diuretics, a class of front-line antihypertensive agents that have been widely used for decades. NCC is a potent regulator of Na+ reabsorption and homeostasis. Hence, its overactivation and suppression lead to hypertension and hypotension, respectively. Genetic mutations that affect NCC function contribute to several diseases such as Gordon and Gitelman syndromes. We summarized the role of NCC in various physiologic processes and pathological conditions, such as maintaining ion and water homeostasis, controlling blood pressure, and influencing renal physiology and injury. In addition, we discussed the recent advancements in understanding cryo-EM structure of NCC, the regulatory mechanisms and binding mode of thiazides with NCC, and novel physiologic implications of NCC in regulating the cross-talk between the immune system and adipose tissue or the kidneys. This review contributes to a comprehensive understanding of the pivotal role of NCC in maintaining ion homeostasis, regulating blood pressure, and facilitating kidney function and NCC's novel role in immune and metabolic regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran You
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zhanjun Jia
- Nanjing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 72 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
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2
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Zhang J, Mamet T, Guo Y, Li C, Yang J. Yak milk promotes renal calcium reabsorption in mice with osteoporosis via the regulation of TRPV5. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:7396-7406. [PMID: 37641274 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-23218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+-selective epithelial channel TRPV5 plays a significant role in renal calcium reabsorption and improving osteoporosis (OP). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of yak milk on osteoporosis mice in TRPV5-mediated Ca2+ reabsorption in the kidney. We observed that treatment of OP mice with yak milk reconstructed bone homeostasis demonstrated by increasing the levels of OPG as well as decreasing the levels of TRAP and ALP in serum. Additionally, yak milk reduced the level of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and elevated 1,25-(OH)2D3 and calcitonin (CT), and inhibited the excretion of Ca/Cr and Pi/Cr in OP mice, which explained by regulating hormone levels and thus enhance the renal Ca2+ reabsorption. Further analysis exhibited that yak milk upregulated the expression of TRPV5 protein and mRNA as well as calbindin-D28k in OP mice kidneys. Overall, these outcomes demonstrate that yak milk enhances renal Ca2+ reabsorption through the TRPV5 pathway synergistically with calbindin-D28k, thus ameliorating OP mice. This provides a new perspective for yak milk as a nutritional supplement to prevent osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Torkun Mamet
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China.
| | - Yanping Guo
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Caihong Li
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jingru Yang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Life Science & Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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3
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Eisner D, Neher E, Taschenberger H, Smith G. Physiology of intracellular calcium buffering. Physiol Rev 2023; 103:2767-2845. [PMID: 37326298 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00042.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium signaling underlies much of physiology. Almost all the Ca2+ in the cytoplasm is bound to buffers, with typically only ∼1% being freely ionized at resting levels in most cells. Physiological Ca2+ buffers include small molecules and proteins, and experimentally Ca2+ indicators will also buffer calcium. The chemistry of interactions between Ca2+ and buffers determines the extent and speed of Ca2+ binding. The physiological effects of Ca2+ buffers are determined by the kinetics with which they bind Ca2+ and their mobility within the cell. The degree of buffering depends on factors such as the affinity for Ca2+, the Ca2+ concentration, and whether Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively. Buffering affects both the amplitude and time course of cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals as well as changes of Ca2+ concentration in organelles. It can also facilitate Ca2+ diffusion inside the cell. Ca2+ buffering affects synaptic transmission, muscle contraction, Ca2+ transport across epithelia, and the killing of bacteria. Saturation of buffers leads to synaptic facilitation and tetanic contraction in skeletal muscle and may play a role in inotropy in the heart. This review focuses on the link between buffer chemistry and function and how Ca2+ buffering affects normal physiology and the consequences of changes in disease. As well as summarizing what is known, we point out the many areas where further work is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Eisner
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Erwin Neher
- Membrane Biophysics Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: from Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Holger Taschenberger
- Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Godfrey Smith
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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4
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Lee BH, De Jesús Pérez JJ, Moiseenkova-Bell V, Rohacs T. Structural basis of the activation of TRPV5 channels by long-chain acyl-Coenzyme-A. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5883. [PMID: 37735536 PMCID: PMC10514044 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41577-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-chain acyl-coenzyme A (LC-CoA) is a crucial metabolic intermediate that plays important cellular regulatory roles, including activation and inhibition of ion channels. The structural basis of ion channel regulation by LC-CoA is not known. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 and 6 (TRPV5 and TRPV6) are epithelial calcium-selective ion channels. Here, we demonstrate that LC-CoA activates TRPV5 and TRPV6 in inside-out patches, and both exogenously supplied and endogenously produced LC-CoA can substitute for the natural ligand phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) in maintaining channel activity in intact cells. Utilizing cryo-electron microscopy, we determined the structure of LC-CoA-bound TRPV5, revealing an open configuration with LC-CoA occupying the same binding site as PI(4,5)P2 in previous studies. This is consistent with our finding that PI(4,5)P2 could not further activate the channels in the presence of LC-CoA. Our data provide molecular insights into ion channel regulation by a metabolic signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Hyun Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
- Department of Physiology, Gyeongsang National University Medical School, Jinju, Korea
| | - José J De Jesús Pérez
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Vera Moiseenkova-Bell
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, Rutgers, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA.
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5
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Martynova E, Stott-Marshall RJ, Shakirova V, Saubanova A, Bulatova A, Davidyuk YN, Kabwe E, Markelova M, Khaertynova I, Foster TL, Khaiboullina S. Differential Cytokine Responses and the Clinical Severity of Adult and Pediatric Nephropathia Epidemica. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087016. [PMID: 37108178 PMCID: PMC10139191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nephropathia epidemica (NE), caused by the hantavirus infection, is endemic in Tatarstan Russia. The majority of patients are adults, with infection rarely diagnosed in children. This limited number of pediatric NE cases means there is an inadequate understanding of disease pathogenesis in this age category. Here, we have analyzed clinical and laboratory data in adults and children with NE to establish whether and how the disease severity differs between the two age groups. Serum cytokines were analyzed in samples collected from 11 children and 129 adult NE patients during an outbreak in 2019. A kidney toxicity panel was also used to analyze urine samples from these patients. Additionally, serum and urine samples were analyzed from 11 control children and 26 control adults. Analysis of clinical and laboratory data revealed that NE was milder in children than in adults. A variation in serum cytokine activation could explain the differences in clinical presentation. Cytokines associated with activation of Th1 lymphocytes were prominent in adults, while they were obscured in sera from pediatric NE patients. In addition, a prolonged activation of kidney injury markers was found in adults with NE, whilst only a short-lasting activation of these markers was observed in children with NE. These findings support previous observations of age differences in NE severity, which should be considered when diagnosing the disease in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Martynova
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Robert J Stott-Marshall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | | | | | | | - Yuriy N Davidyuk
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Emmanuel Kabwe
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Maria Markelova
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | | | - Toshana L Foster
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 5RD, UK
| | - Svetlana Khaiboullina
- "Gene and Cell Technologies" Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, OpenLab, 420008 Kazan, Russia
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6
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Varshney S, Adela R, Kachhawa G, Dada R, Kulshreshtha V, Kumari R, Agarwal R, Khadgawat R. Disrupted placental vitamin D metabolism and calcium signaling in gestational diabetes and pre-eclampsia patients. Endocrine 2023; 80:191-200. [PMID: 36477942 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-022-03272-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes (GDM) and pre-eclampsia (PE) represents the unrecognized risk factors for reduced bone content in neonates. The present study is planned to explore the components of vitamin D metabolism and calcium transport in placenta of GDM and PE cases and its effect on the neonatal bone mass determination using bone densitometry system. METHODS We have collected serum and placenta tissues from GDM (n = 20), PE (n = 20), and healthy pregnancies (n = 20). In the present study, we found mRNA expression of oxidative stress markers, vitamin D metabolic components and calcium channels, calcium channel binding proteins, plasma membrane calcium ATPase, ATP synthase and Ca2+ release genes; Ryanodine receptors genes were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) in placental tissue of GDM, PE, and healthy pregnancies. RESULTS We observed high level of oxidative stress in both GDM and PE placenta compared to normal pregnancies. CYP2R1 and VDR mRNA expression was significantly downregulated and upregulation of CYP27B1 and CYP24A1 in GDM and PE compared with healthy cases. Similarly, calcium transporters were downregulated in GDM and PE placental tissues. In addition, CYP24A1, VDR, CaBP28K, TRPV5 and PMCA3 mRNA expression were correlated with BMC of neonates. DISCUSSION Oxidative stress is probably relevant to disrupted vitamin D homeostasis and calcium transport in the placenta of GDM and PE cases. The altered regulatory mechanism of CYP24A1 and VDR could indicates more pronounced serum 25(OH)D reduction. Additionally, reduced BMC in the neonates of these cases might be as consequences of modified CYP24A1, VDR, CaBP28K, TRPV5 and PMCA3 mRNA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Varshney
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramu Adela
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research-Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Garima Kachhawa
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Reema Dada
- Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Vidushi Kulshreshtha
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumari
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Ramesh Agarwal
- Department of Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Khadgawat
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India.
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7
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da Silva BPM, Fanalli SL, Gomes JD, de Almeida VV, Fukumasu H, Freitas FAO, Moreira GCM, Silva-Vignato B, Reecy JM, Koltes JE, Koltes D, de Carvalho Balieiro JC, de Alencar SM, da Silva JPM, Coutinho LL, Afonso J, Regitano LCDA, Mourão GB, Luchiari Filho A, Cesar ASM. Brain fatty acid and transcriptome profiles of pig fed diets with different levels of soybean oil. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:91. [PMID: 36855067 PMCID: PMC9976441 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09188-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The high similarity in anatomical and neurophysiological processes between pigs and humans make pigs an excellent model for metabolic diseases and neurological disorders. Lipids are essential for brain structure and function, and the polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have anti-inflammatory and positive effects against cognitive dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases. Nutrigenomics studies involving pigs and fatty acids (FA) may help us in better understanding important biological processes. In this study, the main goal was to evaluate the effect of different levels of dietary soybean oil on the lipid profile and transcriptome in pigs' brain tissue. RESULTS Thirty-six male Large White pigs were used in a 98-day study using two experimental diets corn-soybean meal diet containing 1.5% soybean oil (SOY1.5) and corn-soybean meal diet containing 3.0% soybean oil (SOY3.0). No differences were found for the brain total lipid content and FA profile between the different levels of soybean oil. For differential expression analysis, using the DESeq2 statistical package, a total of 34 differentially expressed genes (DEG, FDR-corrected p-value < 0.05) were identified. Of these 34 DEG, 25 are known-genes, of which 11 were up-regulated (log2 fold change ranging from + 0.25 to + 2.93) and 14 were down-regulated (log2 fold change ranging from - 3.43 to -0.36) for the SOY1.5 group compared to SOY3.0. For the functional enrichment analysis performed using MetaCore with the 34 DEG, four pathway maps were identified (p-value < 0.05), related to the ALOX15B (log2 fold change - 1.489), CALB1 (log2 fold change - 3.431) and CAST (log2 fold change + 0.421) genes. A "calcium transport" network (p-value = 2.303e-2), related to the CAST and CALB1 genes, was also identified. CONCLUSION The results found in this study contribute to understanding the pathways and networks associated with processes involved in intracellular calcium, lipid metabolism, and oxidative processes in the brain tissue. Moreover, these results may help a better comprehension of the modulating effects of soybean oil and its FA composition on processes and diseases affecting the brain tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Pereira Martins da Silva
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Simara Larissa Fanalli
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Dezen Gomes
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vivian Vezzoni de Almeida
- grid.411195.90000 0001 2192 5801College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás Brazil
| | - Heidge Fukumasu
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe André Oliveira Freitas
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Bárbara Silva-Vignato
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James Mark Reecy
- grid.34421.300000 0004 1936 7312College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - James Eugene Koltes
- grid.34421.300000 0004 1936 7312College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Dawn Koltes
- grid.34421.300000 0004 1936 7312College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Iowa State University, Ames, IA USA
| | - Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Severino Matias de Alencar
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Julia Pereira Martins da Silva
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Lehmann Coutinho
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juliana Afonso
- grid.460200.00000 0004 0541 873XEmbrapa Pecuária Sudeste, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Barreto Mourão
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Albino Luchiari Filho
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aline Silva Mello Cesar
- Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
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8
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Rohacs T, Fluck EC, De Jesús-Pérez JJ, Moiseenkova-Bell VY. What structures did, and did not, reveal about the function of the epithelial Ca 2+ channels TRPV5 and TRPV6. Cell Calcium 2022; 106:102620. [PMID: 35834842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 5 and 6 (TRPV5 and TRPV6) are Ca2+ selective epithelial ion channels. They are the products of a relatively recent gene duplication in mammals, and have high sequence homology to each other. Their functional properties are also much more similar to each other than to other members of the TRPV subfamily. They are both constitutively active, and this activity depends on the endogenous cofactor phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Both channels undergo Ca2+-induced inactivation, which is mediated by direct binding of the ubiquitous Ca2+ binding protein calmodulin (CaM) to the channels, and by a decrease in PI(4,5)P2 levels by Ca2+ -induced activation of phospholipase C (PLC). Recent cryo electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and X-ray crystallography structures provided detailed structural information for both TRPV5 and TRPV6. This review will discuss this structural information in the context of the function of these channels focusing on the mechanism of CaM inhibition, activation by PI(4,5)P2 and binding of pharmacological modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Rohacs
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Neuroscience, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
| | - Edwin C Fluck
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - José J De Jesús-Pérez
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Vera Y Moiseenkova-Bell
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
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9
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George B, Szilagyi JT, Joy MS, Aleksunes LM. Regulation of renal calbindin expression during cisplatin‐induced kidney injury. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2022; 36:e23068. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Blessy George
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey USA
| | - John T. Szilagyi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey USA
| | - Melanie S. Joy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Colorado Aurora Colorado USA
- Division of Developmental Therapeutics, Cancer Center University of Colorado Aurora Colorado USA
- Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension University of Colorado School of Medicine Aurora Colorado USA
| | - Lauren M. Aleksunes
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey USA
- Division of Toxicology, Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey USA
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10
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Khattar V, Wang L, Peng JB. Calcium selective channel TRPV6: Structure, function, and implications in health and disease. Gene 2022; 817:146192. [PMID: 35031425 PMCID: PMC8950124 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Calcium-selective channel TRPV6 (Transient Receptor Potential channel family, Vanilloid subfamily member 6) belongs to the TRP family of cation channels and plays critical roles in transcellular calcium (Ca2+) transport, reuptake of Ca2+ into cells, and maintaining a local low Ca2+ environment for certain biological processes. Recent crystal and cryo-electron microscopy-based structures of TRPV6 have revealed mechanistic insights on how the protein achieves Ca2+ selectivity, permeation, and inactivation by calmodulin. The TRPV6 protein is expressed in a range of epithelial tissues such as the intestine, kidney, placenta, epididymis, and exocrine glands such as the pancreas, prostate and salivary, sweat, and mammary glands. The TRPV6 gene is a direct transcriptional target of the active form of vitamin D and is efficiently regulated to meet the body's need for Ca2+ demand. In addition, TRPV6 is also regulated by the level of dietary Ca2+ and under physiological conditions such as pregnancy and lactation. Genetic models of loss of function in TRPV6 display hypercalciuria, decreased bone marrow density, deficient weight gain, reduced fertility, and in some cases alopecia. The models also reveal that the channel plays an indispensable role in maintaining maternal-fetal Ca2+ transport and low Ca2+ environment in the epididymal lumen that is critical for male fertility. Most recently, loss of function mutations in TRPV6 gene is linked to transient neonatal hyperparathyroidism and early onset chronic pancreatitis. TRPV6 is overexpressed in a wide range of human malignancies and its upregulation is strongly correlated to tumor aggressiveness, metastasis, and poor survival in selected cancers. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the expression, structure, biophysical properties, function, polymorphisms, and regulation of TRPV6. The aberrant expression, polymorphisms, and dysfunction of this protein linked to human diseases are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinayak Khattar
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Lingyun Wang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Ji-Bin Peng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
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11
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Reyes JV, Medina PMB. Renal calcium and magnesium handling in Gitelman syndrome. Am J Transl Res 2022; 14:1-19. [PMID: 35173827 PMCID: PMC8829599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gitelman syndrome (GS) is an autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy caused by biallelic inactivating mutations in the SLC12A3 gene. This gene encodes the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCC) which is exclusively expressed in the distal convoluted tubules (DCT). GS patients classically present with hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia. While hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis are easily explained by effects of the genotypic defect in GS, the mechanisms by which hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria develop in GS are poorly understood. In this review, we aim to achieve three major objectives. First, present a concise discussion about current understanding on physiologic calcium and magnesium handling in the DCT. Second, integrate expression data from studies on calciotropic and magnesiotropic proteins relevant to the GS disease state. Lastly, provide insights into the possible mechanisms of calcium-magnesium crosstalk relating to the co-occurrence of hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia in GS models. Our analyses highlight specific areas of study that are valuable in elucidating possible molecular pathways of hypocalciuria and hypomagnesemia in GS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremiah V Reyes
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Paul Mark B Medina
- Biological Models Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
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12
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Bagheri R, Toghyani M, Tabatabaei SN, Tabeidian SA, Ostadsharif M. Growth, physiological, and molecular responses of broiler quail to dietary source, particle size, and choice feeding of calcium. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.2017361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Bagheri
- Department of Animal Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Majid Toghyani
- Department of Animal Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Sayed Ali Tabeidian
- Department of Animal Science, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Ostadsharif
- Department of Medical Basic Sciences, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
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13
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Sobolev VE, Sokolova MO, Jenkins RO, Goncharov NV. Nephrotoxic Effects of Paraoxon in Three Rat Models of Acute Intoxication. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:13625. [PMID: 34948422 PMCID: PMC8709234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The delayed effects of acute intoxication by organophosphates (OPs) are poorly understood, and the various experimental animal models often do not take into account species characteristics. The principal biochemical feature of rodents is the presence of carboxylesterase in blood plasma, which is a target for OPs and can greatly distort their specific effects. The present study was designed to investigate the nephrotoxic effects of paraoxon (O,O-diethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phosphate, POX) using three models of acute poisoning in outbred Wistar rats. In the first model (M1, POX2x group), POX was administered twice at doses 110 µg/kg and 130 µg/kg subcutaneously, with an interval of 1 h. In the second model (M2, CBPOX group), 1 h prior to POX poisoning at a dose of 130 µg/kg subcutaneously, carboxylesterase activity was pre-inhibited by administration of specific inhibitor cresylbenzodioxaphosphorin oxide (CBDP, 3.3 mg/kg intraperitoneally). In the third model (M3), POX was administered subcutaneously just once at doses of LD16 (241 µg/kg), LD50 (250 µg/kg), and LD84 (259 µg/kg). Animal observation and sampling were performed 1, 3, and 7 days after the exposure. Endogenous creatinine clearance (ECC) decreased in 24 h in the POX2x group (p = 0.011). Glucosuria was observed in rats 24 h after exposure to POX in both M1 and M2 models. After 3 days, an increase in urinary excretion of chondroitin sulfate (CS, p = 0.024) and calbindin (p = 0.006) was observed in rats of the CBPOX group. Morphometric analysis revealed a number of differences most significant for rats in the CBPOX group. Furthermore, there was an increase in the area of the renal corpuscles (p = 0.0006), an increase in the diameter of the lumen of the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT, p = 0.0006), and narrowing of the diameter of the distal tubules (p = 0.001). After 7 days, the diameter of the PCT lumen was still increased in the nephrons of the CBPOX group (p = 0.0009). In the M3 model, histopathological and ultrastructural changes in the kidneys were revealed after the exposure to POX at doses of LD50 and LD84. Over a period from 24 h to 3 days, a significant (p = 0.018) expansion of Bowman's capsule was observed in the kidneys of rats of both the LD50 and LD84 groups. In the epithelium of the proximal tubules, stretching of the basal labyrinth, pycnotic nuclei, and desquamation of microvilli on the apical surface were revealed. In the epithelium of the distal tubules, partial swelling and destruction of mitochondria and pycnotic nuclei was observed, and nuclei were displaced towards the apical surface of cells. After 7 days of the exposure to POX, an increase in the thickness of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) was observed in the LD50 and LD84 groups (p = 0.019 and 0.026, respectively). Moreover, signs of damage to tubular epithelial cells persisted with blockage of the tubule lumen by cellular detritus and local destruction of the surface of apical cells. Comparison of results from the three models demonstrates that the nephrotoxic effects of POX, evaluated at 1 and 3 days, appear regardless of prior inhibition of carboxylesterase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladislav E. Sobolev
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.E.S.); (M.O.S.)
| | - Margarita O. Sokolova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.E.S.); (M.O.S.)
| | - Richard O. Jenkins
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK;
| | - Nikolay V. Goncharov
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez 44, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia; (V.E.S.); (M.O.S.)
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Sharma A, Ramena GT, Elble RC. Advances in Intracellular Calcium Signaling Reveal Untapped Targets for Cancer Therapy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1077. [PMID: 34572262 PMCID: PMC8466575 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ distribution is a tightly regulated process. Numerous Ca2+ chelating, storage, and transport mechanisms are required to maintain normal cellular physiology. Ca2+-binding proteins, mainly calmodulin and calbindins, sequester free intracellular Ca2+ ions and apportion or transport them to signaling hubs needing the cations. Ca2+ channels, ATP-driven pumps, and exchangers assist the binding proteins in transferring the ions to and from appropriate cellular compartments. Some, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, and lysosomes, act as Ca2+ repositories. Cellular Ca2+ homeostasis is inefficient without the active contribution of these organelles. Moreover, certain key cellular processes also rely on inter-organellar Ca2+ signaling. This review attempts to encapsulate the structure, function, and regulation of major intracellular Ca2+ buffers, sensors, channels, and signaling molecules before highlighting how cancer cells manipulate them to survive and thrive. The spotlight is then shifted to the slow pace of translating such research findings into anticancer therapeutics. We use the PubMed database to highlight current clinical studies that target intracellular Ca2+ signaling. Drug repurposing and improving the delivery of small molecule therapeutics are further discussed as promising strategies for speeding therapeutic development in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
| | - Grace T. Ramena
- Department of Aquaculture, University of Arkansas, Pine Bluff, AR 71601, USA;
| | - Randolph C. Elble
- Department of Pharmacology and Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62702, USA;
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15
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Ashraf UM, Mell B, Jose PA, Kumarasamy S. Deep transcriptomic profiling of Dahl salt-sensitive rat kidneys with mutant form of Resp18. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 572:35-40. [PMID: 34340197 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Expression of Regulated endocrine specific protein 18 (Resp18) is localized in numerous tissues and cell types; however, its exact cellular function is unknown. We previously showed that targeted disruption of the Resp18 locus in the Dahl SS (SS) rat (Resp18mutant) results in higher blood pressure (BP), increased renal fibrosis, increased urinary protein excretion, and decreased mean survival time following a chronic (6 weeks) 2% high salt (HS) diet compared with the SS rat. Based on this prominent renal injury phenotype, we hypothesized that targeted disruption of Resp18 in the SS rat promotes an early onset hypertensive-signaling event through altered signatures of the renal transcriptome in response to HS. To test this hypothesis, both SS and Resp18mutant rats were exposed to a 7-day 2% HS diet and BP was recorded by radiotelemetry. After a 7-day exposure to the HS diet, systolic BP was significantly increased in the Resp18mutant rat compared with the SS rat throughout the circadian cycle. Therefore, we sought to investigate the renal transcriptomic response to HS in the Resp18mutant rat. Using RNA sequencing, Resp18mutant rats showed a differential expression of 25 renal genes, including upregulation of Ren. Upregulation of renal Ren and other differentially expressed genes were confirmed via qRT-PCR. Moreover, circulating renin activity was significantly higher in the Resp18mutant rat compared with the WT SS rat after 7 days on HS. Collectively, these observations demonstrate that disruption of the Resp18 gene in the SS rat is associated with an altered renal transcriptomics signature as an early response to salt load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman M Ashraf
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Blair Mell
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Kidney Diseases & Hypertension, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - Sivarajan Kumarasamy
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, 43614, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA; Diabetes Institute, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
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Schwaller B. Cytosolic Ca 2+ Buffers Are Inherently Ca 2+ Signal Modulators. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2020; 12:cshperspect.a035543. [PMID: 31308146 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
For precisely regulating intracellular Ca2+ signals in a time- and space-dependent manner, cells make use of various components of the "Ca2+ signaling toolkit," including Ca2+ entry and Ca2+ extrusion systems. A class of cytosolic Ca2+-binding proteins termed Ca2+ buffers serves as modulators of such, mostly short-lived Ca2+ signals. Prototypical Ca2+ buffers include parvalbumins (α and β isoforms), calbindin-D9k, calbindin-D28k, and calretinin. Although initially considered to function as pure Ca2+ buffers, that is, as intracellular Ca2+ signal modulators controlling the shape (amplitude, decay, spread) of Ca2+ signals, evidence has accumulated that calbindin-D28k and calretinin have additional Ca2+ sensor functions. These other functions are brought about by direct interactions with target proteins, thereby modulating their targets' function/activity. Dysregulation of Ca2+ buffer expression is associated with several neurologic/neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and schizophrenia. In some cases, the presence of these proteins is presumed to confer a neuroprotective effect, as evidenced in animal models of Parkinson's or Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Schwaller
- Department of Anatomy, Section of Medicine, University of Fribourg, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
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17
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Gratreak BDK, Swanson EA, Lazelle RA, Jelen SK, Hoenderop J, Bindels RJ, Yang C, Ellison DH. Tacrolimus-induced hypomagnesemia and hypercalciuria requires FKBP12 suggesting a role for calcineurin. Physiol Rep 2020; 8:e14316. [PMID: 31908154 PMCID: PMC6944708 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) are immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent graft rejection after organ transplant. Common side effects include renal magnesium wasting and hypomagnesemia, which may contribute to new-onset diabetes mellitus, and hypercalciuria, which may contribute to post-transplant osteoporosis. Previous work suggested that CNIs reduce the abundance of key divalent cation transport proteins, expressed along the distal convoluted tubule, causing renal magnesium and calcium wasting. It has not been clear, however, whether these effects are specific for the distal convoluted tubule, and whether these represent off-target toxic drug effects, or result from inhibition of calcineurin. The CNI tacrolimus can inhibit calcineurin only when it binds with the immunophilin, FKBP12; we previously generated mice in which FKBP12 could be deleted along the nephron, to test whether calcineurin inhibition is involved, these mice are normal at baseline. Here, we confirmed that tacrolimus-treated control mice developed hypomagnesemia and urinary calcium wasting, with decreased protein and mRNA abundance of key magnesium and calcium transport proteins (NCX-1 and Calbindin-D28k ). However, qPCR also showed decreased mRNA expression of NCX-1 and Calbindin-D28k , and TRPM6. In contrast, KS-FKBP12-/- mice treated with tacrolimus were completely protected from these effects. These results indicate that tacrolimus affects calcium and magnesium transport along the distal convoluted tubule and strongly suggests that inhibition of the phosphatase, calcineurin, is directly involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany D. K. Gratreak
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Elizabeth A. Swanson
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Rebecca A. Lazelle
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - Sabina K. Jelen
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Joost Hoenderop
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
| | - René J. Bindels
- Radboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenNetherlands
| | - Chao‐Ling Yang
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
| | - David H. Ellison
- Division of Nephrology and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineOregon Health and Science UniversityPortlandORUSA
- Renal SectionVeterans Affairs Portland Health Care SystemPortlandORUSA
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18
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Shet D, Ghosh J, Ajith S, Awachat VB, Bhat KS, Gowda NKS, Pal D, Elangovan AV. Dietary phytase supplementation during peak egg laying cycle of White Leghorn hens on nutrient utilization and functional gene mRNA expression in duodenum and kidney. BIOL RHYTHM RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09291016.2018.1499220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Shet
- ICAR- National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Ghosh
- ICAR- National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
| | - Sreeja Ajith
- ICAR- National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
- Department of Microbiology, Jain University, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | | | - Dintaran Pal
- ICAR- National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore, India
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19
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Sobolev VE, Korf EA, Goncharov NV. The Rat (Rattus norvegicus) as a Model Object for Acute Organophosphate Poisoning. 5. Morphofunctional Alterations in Kidneys. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093019040069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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20
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Vangeel L, Voets T. Transient Receptor Potential Channels and Calcium Signaling. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol 2019; 11:cshperspect.a035048. [PMID: 30910771 DOI: 10.1101/cshperspect.a035048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channels play diverse roles in cellular Ca2+ signaling. First, as Ca2+-permeable channels that respond to a variety of stimuli, TRP channels can directly initiate cellular Ca2+ signals. Second, as nonselective cation channels, TRP channel activation leads to membrane depolarization, influencing Ca2+ influx via voltage-gated and store-operated Ca2+ channels. Finally, Ca2+ modulates the activity of most TRP channels, allowing them to function as molecular effectors downstream of intracellular Ca2+ signals. Whereas the TRP channel field has long been devoid of detailed channel structures, recent advances, particularly in cryo-electron microscopy-based structural approaches, have yielded a flurry of TRP channel structures, including members from all seven subfamilies. These structures, in conjunction with mutagenesis-based functional approaches, provided important new insights into the mechanisms whereby TRP channels permeate and sense Ca2+ These insights will be highly instrumental in the rational design of novel treatments for the multitude of TRP channel-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vangeel
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research & Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Voets
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, VIB Center for Brain and Disease Research & Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium
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21
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Ibeh CL, Yiu AJ, Kanaras YL, Paal E, Birnbaumer L, Jose PA, Bandyopadhyay BC. Evidence for a regulated Ca 2+ entry in proximal tubular cells and its implication in calcium stone formation. J Cell Sci 2019; 132:jcs.225268. [PMID: 30910829 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.225268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) crystals, which begin to form in the early segments of the loop of Henle (LOH), are known to act as precursors for calcium stone formation. The proximal tubule (PT), which is just upstream of the LOH and is a major site for Ca2+ reabsorption, could be a regulator of such CaP crystal formation. However, PT Ca2+ reabsorption is mostly described as being paracellular. Here, we show the existence of a regulated transcellular Ca2+ entry pathway in luminal membrane PT cells induced by Ca2+-sensing receptor (CSR, also known as CASR)-mediated activation of transient receptor potential canonical 3 (TRPC3) channels. In support of this idea, we found that both CSR and TRPC3 are physically and functionally coupled at the luminal membrane of PT cells. More importantly, TRPC3-deficient mice presented with a deficiency in PT Ca2+ entry/transport, elevated urinary [Ca2+], microcalcifications in LOH and urine microcrystals formations. Taken together, these data suggest that a signaling complex comprising CSR and TRPC3 exists in the PT and can mediate transcellular Ca2+ transport, which could be critical in maintaining the PT luminal [Ca2+] to mitigate formation of the CaP crystals in LOH and subsequent formation of calcium stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff-Lawrence Ibeh
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, DC 20422, USA
| | - Allen J Yiu
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, DC 20422, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, The George Washington University, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
| | - Yianni L Kanaras
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, DC 20422, USA
| | - Edina Paal
- Pathology and Laboratory Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, DC 20422, USA
| | - Lutz Birnbaumer
- Division of Intramural Research, NIEHS, Research Triangle Park, Durham, NC 27709, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Research (BIOMED), Catholic University of Argentina, C1107AFF Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pedro A Jose
- Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, The George Washington University, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
| | - Bidhan C Bandyopadhyay
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 50 Irving Street, NW, Washington DC, DC 20422, USA .,Department of Medicine, Division of Renal Diseases & Hypertension, The George Washington University, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, The George Washington University, Washington DC, DC 20037, USA
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22
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Noble JW, Almalki R, Roe SM, Wagner A, Duman R, Atack JR. The X-ray structure of human calbindin-D28K: an improved model. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2018; 74:1008-1014. [PMID: 30289411 PMCID: PMC6173056 DOI: 10.1107/s2059798318011610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Calbindin-D28K is a widely expressed calcium-buffering cytoplasmic protein that is involved in many physiological processes. It has been shown to interact with other proteins, suggesting a role as a calcium sensor. Many of the targets of calbindin-D28K are of therapeutic interest: for example, inositol monophosphatase, the putative target of lithium therapy in bipolar disorder. Presented here is the first crystal structure of human calbindin-D28K. There are significant deviations in the tertiary structure when compared with the NMR structure of rat calbindin-D28K (PDB entry 2g9b), despite 98% sequence identity. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) indicates that the crystal structure better predicts the properties of calbindin-D28K in solution compared with the NMR structure. Here, the first direct visualization of the calcium-binding properties of calbindin-D28K is presented. Four of the six EF-hands that make up the secondary structure of the protein contain a calcium-binding site. Two distinct conformations of the N-terminal EF-hand calcium-binding site were identified using long-wavelength calcium single-wavelength anomalous dispersion (SAD). This flexible region has previously been recognized as a protein-protein interaction interface. SAXS data collected in both the presence and absence of calcium indicate that there are no large structural differences in the globular structure of calbindin-D28K between the calcium-loaded and unloaded proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- James W. Noble
- Sussex Drug Discovery Centre, University Of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, England
| | - Rehab Almalki
- School Of Life Sciences, University Of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, England
| | - S. Mark Roe
- School Of Life Sciences, University Of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, England
| | - Armin Wagner
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE, England
| | - Ramona Duman
- Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Chilton, Didcot OX11 0DE, England
| | - John R. Atack
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AT, Wales
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Isx9 Regulates Calbindin D28K Expression in Pancreatic β Cells and Promotes β Cell Survival and Function. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092542. [PMID: 30150605 PMCID: PMC6165483 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic β-cell dysfunction and death contribute to the onset of diabetes, and novel strategies of β-cell function and survival under diabetogenic conditions need to be explored. We previously demonstrated that Isx9, a small molecule based on the isoxazole scaffold, drives neuroendocrine phenotypes by increasing the expression of genes required for β-cell function and improves glycemia in a model of β cell regeneration. We further investigated the role of Isx9 in β-cell survival. We find that Isx9 drives the expression of Calbindin-D28K (D28K), a key regulator of calcium homeostasis, and plays a cytoprotective role through its calcium buffering capacity in β cells. Isx9 increased the activity of the calcineurin (CN)/cytoplasmic nuclear factor of the activated T-cells (NFAT) transcription factor, a key regulator of D28K, and improved the recruitment of NFATc1, cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and p300 to the D28K promoter. We found that nutrient stimulation increased D28K plasma membrane enrichment and modulated calcium channel activity in order to regulate glucose-induced insulin secretion. Isx9-mediated expression of D28K protected β cells against chronic stress induced by serum withdrawal or chronic inflammation by reducing caspase 3 activity. Consequently, Isx9 improved human islet function after transplantation in NOD-SCID mice in a streptozotocin-induced diabetes model. In summary, Isx9 significantly regulates expression of genes relevant to β cell survival and function, and may be an attractive therapy to treat diabetes and improve islet function post-transplantation.
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24
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Firmenich CS, Elfers K, Wilkens MR, Breves G, Muscher-Banse AS. Modulation of renal calcium and phosphate transporting proteins by dietary nitrogen and/or calcium in young goats. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:3208-3220. [PMID: 29741700 PMCID: PMC6095294 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In young goats, a reduction in dietary nitrogen (N) had an impact on mineral homeostasis although ruminants are able to recycle N effectively due to rumino-hepatic circulation. A solitary calcium (Ca) reduction stimulated calcitriol synthesis and Ca concentrations remained unchanged, whereas a dietary N reduction led to a decrease in calcitriol, which could not be prevented by a simultaneous reduction of N and Ca. In a previous study, it was shown that a reduced dietary N intake caused a decrease in intestinal Ca absorption due to a reduction of intestinal Ca transporting proteins. As no data on the potential role of the kidneys are available, it was the aim of the present study to evaluate whether an N- and/or Ca-reduced diet had an impact on renal Ca and phosphate (Pi) transporting protein expression in young goats. The animals were divided into 4 feeding groups, each receiving an adequate N and Ca supply, a reduced N supply, a reduced Ca supply, or a combined N and Ca reduction for 6 to 9 wk. The protein expression of the renal Ca channel transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5 (TRPV5) was diminished in N-reduced fed goats (P = 0.03), whereas in Ca restricted animals, the expression remained unaltered. The mRNA and protein expression of the Ca-binding protein calbindin-D28K (CaBPD28K) and the sodium-Ca exchanger 1 (NCX1) were significantly decreased due to the N-reduced feeding (mRNA, P = 0.003; P < 0.0001; protein, P = 0.002; P = 0.02), whereas dietary Ca reduction increased the CaBPD28K and NCX1 mRNA expression (P = 0.05; P = 0.01). The mRNA and protein expression of the parathyroid hormone receptor (PTHR) decreased due to the N-reduced feeding (P = 0.02; P = 0.03). These results confirm that a reduced dietary N intake led to decreased TRPV5, CaBPD28K, PTHR, and NCX1 expression levels, contributing to low levels of calcitriol and plasma Ca. In contrast to this, sodium-phosphate cotransporter type IIa expression and plasma Pi concentration were increased during dietary N reduction, thus indicating that Pi homeostasis is modulated in a calcitriol-independent manner. In conclusion, the modulation of Ca transporting proteins expression in the kidney is not able to prevent changes in mineral homeostasis in young goats receiving an N-reduced diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Firmenich
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - K Elfers
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - M R Wilkens
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - G Breves
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - A S Muscher-Banse
- Department of Physiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany
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Bokhovchuk FM, Bate N, Kovalevskaya NV, Goult BT, Spronk CAEM, Vuister GW. The Structural Basis of Calcium-Dependent Inactivation of the Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 5 Channel. Biochemistry 2018; 57:2623-2635. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fedir M. Bokhovchuk
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Neil Bate
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Nadezda V. Kovalevskaya
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Goult
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Chris A. E. M. Spronk
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
- JSC Spronk, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Geerten W. Vuister
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
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26
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Bate N, Caves RE, Skinner SP, Goult BT, Basran J, Mitcheson JS, Vuister GW. A Novel Mechanism for Calmodulin-Dependent Inactivation of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 6. Biochemistry 2018; 57:2611-2622. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b01286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Bate
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel E. Caves
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P. Skinner
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Goult
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Jaswir Basran
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - John S. Mitcheson
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
| | - Geerten W. Vuister
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Henry Wellcome Building, Lancaster Road, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom
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27
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Satake K, Amano T, Okamoto T. Low systemic exposure and calcemic effect of calcipotriol/betamethasone ointment in rats with imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 826:31-38. [PMID: 29476878 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin D3 (VD3) analogues-containing ointments are known to occasionally cause hypercalcemia in psoriasis patients, and the frequency of hypercalcemia is suggested to vary based on the VD3 analogue used. In this study, to address the differences in calcemic effects of VD3-containing ointments, the calcemic effects of marketed VD3-containing ointments, including calcipotriol (Cal), maxacalcitol (Max), tacalcitol (Tac), calcipotriol/betamethasone dipropionate (Cal/BDP) and maxacalcitol/betamethasone butyrate propionate (Max/BBP) ointments, were evaluated in a rat model of imiquimod-induced dermatitis. The topical application of Tac, Max and Max/BBP ointments, but not Cal and Cal/BDP ointments, to the imiquimod-induced skin lesions significantly induced an increase in the serum calcium level compared with the vaseline-treated group. Calcemic effect of VD3 analogues in rats treated with VD3-containing ointments was analyzed by evaluating the expression of vitamin D receptor target genes, such as Cyp24a1, Trpv5 and CalbindinD28k, in the intestine and kidney. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis showed that the renal and intestinal Cyp24a1 expressions in the Cal- and Cal/BDP-treated groups were significantly lower than those in the Tac-, Max- and Max/BBP-treated groups, suggesting that systemic exposure of VD3 analogues in the Cal- and Cal/BDP-treated groups were lower than those in the other ointment-treated groups. In addition, the renal Trpv5 and CalbindinD28k expressions, calcium-transporting genes, were increased in the Max- and Max/BBP-treated groups compared with the Cal- and Cal/BDP-treated groups. Thus, because of the low systemic exposure of VD3 analogues, Cal and Cal/BDP ointments have lower calcemic effect than the other VD3-containing ointments in rats with psoriasis-like dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyosuke Satake
- R&D division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan.
| | - Toru Amano
- R&D division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., 1188 Shimotogari, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun, Shizuoka 411-8731, Japan
| | - Tadao Okamoto
- Scientific Affairs Department, LEO Pharma K.K., 3-11-6, Iwamoto-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0032, Japan
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28
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Shet D, Ghosh J, Ajith S, Awachat VB, Elangovan AV. Efficacy of dietary phytase supplementation on laying performance and expression of osteopontin and calbindin genes in eggshell gland. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4:52-58. [PMID: 30167484 PMCID: PMC6112343 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different levels of dietary phytase supplementation in the layer feed on egg production performance, egg shell quality and expression of osteopontin (OPN) and calbindin (CALB1) genes. Seventy-five White Leghorn layers at 23 weeks of age were randomly divided into 5 groups consisting of a control diet with 0.33% non-phytate phosphorus (NPP) and 4 low phosphorus (P) diets: 2 diets (T1 and T2) with 0.24% NPP + 250 FTU/kg laboratory produced phytase or commercial phytase and another 2 diets (T3 and T4) with 0.16% NPP + 500 FTU/kg laboratory produced phytase or commercial phytase with complete replacement of inorganic P. The results indicated that there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in egg production performance and quality of egg during the first 2 months of trial. However, in next 2 months, a significant drop in egg production and feed intake was observed in birds fed diets with low P and 500 FTU/kg supplementation of laboratory produced phytase. Osteopontin gene was up-regulated whereas the CALB1 gene was down regulated in all phytase treatment groups irrespective of the source of phytase. The current data demonstrated that 250 FTU/kg supplementation of laboratory produced phytase with 50% less NPP supplementation and 500 FTU/kg supplementation of commercial phytase even without NPP in diet can maintain the egg production. The up-regulation of OPN and down regulation of CALB1 in egg shell gland in the entire phytase treated group birds irrespective of the source of enzymes is indicative of the changes in P bio-availability at this site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Shet
- ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Jain University, Bangalore 560030, India
| | - Jyotirmoy Ghosh
- ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India
| | - Sreeja Ajith
- ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India.,Department of Microbiology, Jain University, Bangalore 560030, India
| | - Vaibhav B Awachat
- ICAR - National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Bangalore 560030, India
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29
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Parathyroid hormone and the regulation of renal tubular calcium transport. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2017; 26:405-410. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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30
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An M, Ni Y, Li X, Gao Y. Effects of arginine vasopressin on the urine proteome in rats. PeerJ 2017; 5:e3350. [PMID: 28560103 PMCID: PMC5444365 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.3350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers are the measurable changes associated with a physiological or pathophysiological process. The content of urine frequently changes because it is not controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, and these alterations can be a source of biomarkers. However, urine is affected by many factors. In this study, vasoconstrictor and antidiuretic arginine vasopressin (AVP) were infused into rats using an osmotic pump. The rats’ urinary proteome after one week of infusion was analyzed by label-free LC-MS/MS. A total of 408 proteins were identified; among these proteins, eight and 10 proteins had significantly altered expression in the low and high dose groups, respectively, compared with the control group using the one-way ANOVA analysis followed by post hoc analysis with the least significant difference (LSD) test or Dunnett’s T3 test. Three differential proteins were described in prior studies as related to AVP physiological processes, and nine differential proteins are known disease biomarkers. Sixteen of the 17 differential proteins have human orthologs. These results suggest that we should consider the effects of AVP on urinary proteins in future urinary disease biomarker researches. The study data provide clues regarding underlying mechanisms associated with AVP for future physiological researches on AVP. This study provide a sensitive changes associated with AVP. However, the limitation of this result is that the candidate biomarkers should be further verified and filtered. Large clinical samples must be examined to verify the differential proteins identified in this study before these proteins are used as biomarkers for pathological AVP increased diseases, such as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Manxia An
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yanying Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xundou Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Youhe Gao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Normal University, Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Beijing Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
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31
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Beggs MR, Alexander RT. Intestinal absorption and renal reabsorption of calcium throughout postnatal development. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 242:840-849. [PMID: 28346014 DOI: 10.1177/1535370217699536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium is vital for many physiological functions including bone mineralization. Postnatal deposition of calcium into bone is greatest in infancy and continues through childhood and adolescence until peek mineral density is reached in early adulthood. Thereafter, bone mineral density remains static until it eventually declines in later life. A positive calcium balance, i.e. more calcium absorbed than excreted, is crucial to bone deposition during growth and thus to peek bone mineral density. Dietary calcium is absorbed from the intestine into the blood. It is then filtered by the renal glomerulus and either reabsorbed by the tubule or excreted in the urine. Calcium can be (re)absorbed across intestinal and renal epithelia via both transcellular and paracellular pathways. Current evidence suggests that significant intestinal and renal calcium transport changes occur throughout development. However, the molecular details of these alterations are incompletely delineated. Here we first briefly review the current model of calcium transport in the intestine and renal tubule in the adult. Then, we describe what is known with regard to calcium handling through postnatal development, and how alterations may aid in mediating a positive calcium balance. The role of transcellular and paracellular calcium transport pathways and the contribution of specific intestinal and tubular segments vary with age. However, the current literature highlights knowledge gaps in how specifically intestinal and renal calcium (re)absorption occurs early in postnatal development. Future research should clarify the specific changes in calcium transport throughout early postnatal development including mediators of these alterations enabling appropriate bone mineralization. Impact statement This mini review outlines the current state of knowledge pertaining to the molecules and mechanisms maintaining a positive calcium balance throughout postnatal development. This process is essential to achieving optimal bone mineral density in early adulthood, thereby lowering the lifetime risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan R Beggs
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada
| | - R Todd Alexander
- 1 Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada.,2 Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2R7, Canada
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32
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Fecher-Trost C, Wissenbach U, Weissgerber P. TRPV6: From identification to function. Cell Calcium 2017; 67:116-122. [PMID: 28501141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
| | - Ulrich Wissenbach
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Petra Weissgerber
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Saarland University, Building 46, 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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33
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Mohammed SG, Arjona FJ, Latta F, Bindels RJM, Roepman R, Hoenderop JGJ. Fluid shear stress increases transepithelial transport of Ca
2+
in ciliated distal convoluted and connecting tubule cells. FASEB J 2017; 31:1796-1806. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201600687rrr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sami G. Mohammed
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Francisco J. Arjona
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Femke Latta
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - René J. M. Bindels
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Ronald Roepman
- Department of Human GeneticsRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Joost G. J. Hoenderop
- Department of PhysiologyRadboud Institute for Molecular Life SciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
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34
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Christakos S, Veldurthy V, Patel N, Wei R. Intestinal Regulation of Calcium: Vitamin D and Bone Physiology. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1033:3-12. [PMID: 29101648 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-66653-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The principal function of vitamin D in the maintenance of calcium homeostasis is to increase intestinal calcium absorption. This conclusion was made from studies in vitamin D receptor (VDR) null mice which showed that rickets and osteomalacia were prevented when VDR null mice were fed a rescue diet that included high calcium, indicating that the skeletal abnormalities of the VDR null mice are primarily the result of impaired intestinal calcium absorption. Although vitamin D is critical for controlling intestinal calcium absorption, the mechanisms involved have remained incomplete. This chapter reviews studies, including studies in genetically modified mice, that have provided new insight and have challenged the traditional model of VDR-mediated calcium absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Christakos
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Vaishali Veldurthy
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Nishant Patel
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
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35
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Pu F, Chen N, Xue S. Calcium intake, calcium homeostasis and health. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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36
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Hoover RS, Tomilin V, Hanson L, Pochynyuk O, Ko B. PTH modulation of NCC activity regulates TRPV5 Ca2+ reabsorption. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 310:F144-51. [PMID: 26608788 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00323.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Since parathyroid hormone (PTH) is known to increase transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV)5 activity and decrease Na(+)-Cl(-) cotransporter (NCC) activity, we hypothesized that decreased NCC-mediated Na(+) reabsorption contributes to the enhanced TRPV5 Ca(2+) reabsorption seen with PTH. To test this, we used mDCT15 cells expressing functional TRPV5 and ruthenium red-sensitive (45)Ca(2+) uptake. PTH increased (45)Ca(2+) uptake to 8.8 ± 0.7 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1) (n = 4, P < 0.01) and decreased NCC activity from 75.4 ± 2.7 to 20.3 ± 1.3 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1) (n = 4, P < 0.01). Knockdown of Ras guanyl-releasing protein (RasGRP)1 had no baseline effect on (45)Ca(2+) uptake but significantly attenuated the response to PTH from a 45% increase (6.0 ± 0.2 to 8.7 ± 0.4 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1)) in control cells to only 20% in knockdown cells (6.1 ± 0.1 to 7.3 ± 0.2 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1), n = 4, P < 0.01). Inhibition of PKC and PKA resulted in further attenuation of the PTH effect. RasGRP1 knockdown decreased the magnitude of the TRPV5 response to PTH (7.9 ± 0.1 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1) for knockdown compared with 9.1 ± 0.1 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1) in control), and the addition of thiazide eliminated this effect (a nearly identical 9.0 ± 0.1 nmol·mg(-1)·min(-1)). This indicates that functionally active NCC is required for RasGRP1 knockdown to impact the PTH effect on TRPV5 activity. Knockdown of with no lysine kinase (WNK)4 resulted in an attenuation of the increase in PTH-mediated TRPV5 activity. TRPV5 activity increased by 36% compared with 45% in control (n = 4, P < 0.01 between PTH-treated groups). PKC blockade further attenuated the PTH effect, whereas combined PKC and PKA blockade in WNK4KD cells abolished the effect. We conclude that modulation of NCC activity contributes to the response to PTH, implying a role for hormonal modulation of NCC activity in distal Ca(2+) handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Hoover
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Atlanta Veteran's Administration Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia
| | - Viktor Tomilin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas; Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation; and
| | - Lauren Hanson
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Oleh Pochynyuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Benjamin Ko
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
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37
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Lee CT, Ng HY, Lee YT, Lai LW, Lien YHH. The role of calbindin-D28k on renal calcium and magnesium handling during treatment with loop and thiazide diuretics. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 310:F230-6. [PMID: 26582761 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00057.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Calbindin-D28k (CBD-28k) is a calcium binding protein located in the distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and plays an important role in active calcium transport in the kidney. Loop and thiazide diuretics affect renal Ca and Mg handling: both cause Mg wasting, but have opposite effects on Ca excretion as loop diuretics increase, but thiazides decrease, Ca excretion. To understand the role of CBD-28k in renal Ca and Mg handling in response to diuretics treatment, we investigated renal Ca and Mg excretion and gene expression of DCT Ca and Mg transport molecules in wild-type (WT) and CBD-28k knockout (KO) mice. Mice were treated with chlorothiazide (CTZ; 50 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1)) or furosemide (FSM; 30 mg · kg(-1) · day(-1)) for 3 days. To avoid volume depletion, salt was supplemented in the drinking water. Urine Ca excretion was reduced in WT, but not in KO mice, by CTZ. FSM induced similar hypercalciuria in both groups. DCT Ca transport molecules, including transient receptor potential vanilloid 5 (TRPV5), TRPV6, and CBD-9k, were upregulated by CTZ and FSM in WT, but not in KO mice. Urine Mg excretion was increased and transient receptor potential subfamily M, member 6 (TRPM6) was upregulated by both CTZ and FSM in WT and KO mice. In conclusion, CBD-28k plays an important role in gene expression of DCT Ca, but not Mg, transport molecules, which may be related to its being a Ca, but not a Mg, intracellular sensor. The lack of upregulation of DCT Ca transport molecules by thiazides in the KO mice indicates that the DCT Ca transport system is critical for Ca conservation by thiazides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Te Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Kidney Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hwee-Yeong Ng
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Ting Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, and Chang-Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lai
- Departments of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yeong-Hau H Lien
- Arizona Kidney Disease and Heart Center, Tucson, Arizona; and Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
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38
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Pulskens WP, Verkaik M, Sheedfar F, van Loon EP, van de Sluis B, Vervloet MG, Hoenderop JG, Bindels RJ. Deregulated Renal Calcium and Phosphate Transport during Experimental Kidney Failure. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142510. [PMID: 26566277 PMCID: PMC4643984 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired mineral homeostasis and inflammation are hallmarks of chronic kidney disease (CKD), yet the underlying mechanisms of electrolyte regulation during CKD are still unclear. Here, we applied two different murine models, partial nephrectomy and adenine-enriched dietary intervention, to induce kidney failure and to investigate the subsequent impact on systemic and local renal factors involved in Ca(2+) and Pi regulation. Our results demonstrated that both experimental models induce features of CKD, as reflected by uremia, and elevated renal neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) expression. In our model kidney failure was associated with polyuria, hypercalcemia and elevated urinary Ca(2+) excretion. In accordance, CKD augmented systemic PTH and affected the FGF23-αklotho-vitamin-D axis by elevating circulatory FGF23 levels and reducing renal αklotho expression. Interestingly, renal FGF23 expression was also induced by inflammatory stimuli directly. Renal expression of Cyp27b1, but not Cyp24a1, and blood levels of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 were significantly elevated in both models. Furthermore, kidney failure was characterized by enhanced renal expression of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 5 (TRPV5), calbindin-D28k, and sodium-dependent Pi transporter type 2b (NaPi2b), whereas the renal expression of sodium-dependent Pi transporter type 2a (NaPi2a) and type 3 (PIT2) were reduced. Together, our data indicates two different models of experimental kidney failure comparably associate with disturbed FGF23-αklotho-vitamin-D signalling and a deregulated electrolyte homeostasis. Moreover, this study identifies local tubular, possibly inflammation- or PTH- and/or FGF23-associated, adaptive mechanisms, impacting on Ca(2+)/Pi homeostasis, hence enabling new opportunities to target electrolyte disturbances that emerge as a consequence of CKD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilco P. Pulskens
- Dept. of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Dept. of Nephrology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Melissa Verkaik
- Dept. of Nephrology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Fareeba Sheedfar
- Dept. of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen P. van Loon
- Dept. of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bart van de Sluis
- Dept. of Pediatrics, Molecular Genetics Section, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Mark G. Vervloet
- Dept. of Nephrology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G. Hoenderop
- Dept. of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René J. Bindels
- Dept. of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Dietary and pharmacological compounds altering intestinal calcium absorption in humans and animals. Nutr Res Rev 2015; 28:83-99. [PMID: 26466525 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422415000050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The intestine is the only gate for the entry of Ca to the body in humans and mammals. The entrance of Ca occurs via paracellular and intracellular pathways. All steps of the latter pathway are regulated by calcitriol and by other hormones. Dietary and pharmacological compounds also modulate the intestinal Ca absorption process. Among them, dietary Ca and P are known to alter the lipid and protein composition of the brush-border and basolateral membranes and, consequently, Ca transport. Ca intakes are below the requirements recommended by health professionals in most countries, triggering important health problems. Chronic low Ca intake has been related to illness conditions such as osteoporosis, hypertension, renal lithiasis and incidences of human cancer. Carbohydrates, mainly lactose, and prebiotics have been described as positive modulators of intestinal Ca absorption. Apparently, high meat proteins increase intestinal Ca absorption while the effect of dietary lipids remains unclear. Pharmacological compounds such as menadione, dl-butionine-S,R-sulfoximine and ursodeoxycholic acid also modify intestinal Ca absorption as a consequence of altering the redox state of the epithelial cells. The paracellular pathway of intestinal Ca absorption is poorly known and is under present study in some laboratories. Another field that needs to be explored more intensively is the influence of the gene × diet interaction on intestinal Ca absorption. Health professionals should be aware of this knowledge in order to develop nutritional or medical strategies to stimulate the efficiency of intestinal Ca absorption and to prevent diseases.
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Tomilin V, Mamenko M, Zaika O, Pochynyuk O. Role of renal TRP channels in physiology and pathology. Semin Immunopathol 2015; 38:371-83. [PMID: 26385481 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-015-0527-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Kidneys critically contribute to the maintenance of whole-body homeostasis by governing water and electrolyte balance, controlling extracellular fluid volume, plasma osmolality, and blood pressure. Renal function is regulated by numerous systemic endocrine and local mechanical stimuli. Kidneys possess a complex network of membrane receptors, transporters, and ion channels which allows responding to this wide array of signaling inputs in an integrative manner. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family members with diverse modes of activation, varied permeation properties, and capability to integrate multiple downstream signals are pivotal molecular determinants of renal function all along the nephron. This review summarizes experimental data on the role of TRP channels in a healthy mammalian kidney and discusses their involvement in renal pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktor Tomilin
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Mykola Mamenko
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Oleg Zaika
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Oleh Pochynyuk
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 6431 Fannin, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Hajibeigi A, Dioum EM, Guo J, Öz OK. Identification of novel regulatory NFAT and TFII-I binding elements in the calbindin-D28k promoter in response to serum deprivation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 465:414-420. [PMID: 26260319 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Calbindin-D28k, a key regulator of calcium homeostasis plays a cytoprotective role in various tissues. We used serum free (SFM) and charcoal stripped serum (csFBS) culture media as models of cellular stress to modulate calbindin D28k expression and identify regulatory cis-elements and trans-acting factors in kidney and beta cells. The murine calbindin-D28k promoter activity was significantly upregulated under SFM or csFBS condition. Promoter analysis revealed evolutionary conserved regulatory cis-elements and deletion of 23 nt from +117/+139 as critical for basal transcription. Bioinformatics analysis of the promoter revealed conserved NFAT and TFII regulators elements. Forced expression of NFAT stimulated promoter activity. Inhibition of NFAT transcriptional activity by FK506 attenuated calbindin-D28k expression. TFII-I was shown to be necessary for basal promoter activity and to act cooperatively with NFAT. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays, NFAT was shown to bind to both proximal and distal promoter regions. ChIP assays also revealed recruitment of TFII to the -36/+139 region. Knockdown of TFII-I decreased promoter activity. In summary, calbindin-D28k expression during serum deprivation is partly regulated by NFAT and TF-II. This regulation may be important in vivo during ischemia and growth factor withdrawal to regulate cellular function and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asghar Hajibeigi
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9153, USA
| | - Elhadji M Dioum
- Department of Pharmacology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9153, USA
| | - Jianfei Guo
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9153, USA
| | - Orhan K Öz
- Department of Radiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9153, USA
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Blanchard MG, Kittikulsuth W, Nair AV, de Baaij JHF, Latta F, Genzen JR, Kohan DE, Bindels RJM, Hoenderop JGJ. Regulation of Mg2+ Reabsorption and Transient Receptor Potential Melastatin Type 6 Activity by cAMP Signaling. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 27:804-13. [PMID: 26150606 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The transient receptor potential melastatin type 6 (TRPM6) epithelial Mg(2+) channels participate in transcellular Mg(2+) transport in the kidney and intestine. Previous reports suggested a hormonal cAMP-dependent regulation of Mg(2+) reabsorption in the kidney. The molecular details of this process are, however, unknown. Adenylate cyclase 3 (Adcy3) has been shown to colocalize with the Na(+)/Cl(-) cotransporter, a marker of the distal convoluted segment of the kidney, the principal site of TRPM6 expression. Given the critical role of TRPM6 in Mg(2+) reabsorption, an inducible kidney-specific Adcy3 deletion mouse model was characterized for blood and urinary electrolyte disturbances under a normal--and low--Mg(2+) diet. Increased urinary Mg(2+) wasting and Trpm6 mRNA levels were observed in the urine and kidney of Adcy3-deleted animals compared with wild-type controls. Serum Mg(2+) concentration was significantly lower in Adcy3-deleted animals at day 7 on the low Mg(2+) diet. Using patch clamp electrophysiology, cell surface biotinylation, and total internal reflection fluorescence live cell imaging of transfected HEK293 cells, we demonstrated that cAMP signaling rapidly potentiates TRPM6 activity by promoting TRPM6 accumulation at the plasma membrane and increasing its single-channel conductance. Comparison of electrophysiological data from cells expressing the phosphorylation-deficient S1252A or phosphomimetic S1252D TRPM6 mutants suggests that phosphorylation at this intracellular residue participates in the observed stimulation of channel activity. Altogether, these data support a physiologically relevant magnesiotropic role of cAMP signaling in the kidney by a direct stimulatory action of protein kinase A on the plasma membrane trafficking and function of TRPM6 ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime G Blanchard
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Anil V Nair
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands; Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jeroen H F de Baaij
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke Latta
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R Genzen
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; and
| | | | - René J M Bindels
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands;
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Diaz de Barboza G, Guizzardi S, Tolosa de Talamoni N. Molecular aspects of intestinal calcium absorption. World J Gastroenterol 2015; 21:7142-7154. [PMID: 26109800 PMCID: PMC4476875 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i23.7142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal Ca2+ absorption is a crucial physiological process for maintaining bone mineralization and Ca2+ homeostasis. It occurs through the transcellular and paracellular pathways. The first route comprises 3 steps: the entrance of Ca2+ across the brush border membranes (BBM) of enterocytes through epithelial Ca2+ channels TRPV6, TRPV5, and Cav1.3; Ca2+ movement from the BBM to the basolateral membranes by binding proteins with high Ca2+ affinity (such as CB9k); and Ca2+ extrusion into the blood. Plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA1b) and sodium calcium exchanger (NCX1) are mainly involved in the exit of Ca2+ from enterocytes. A novel molecule, the 4.1R protein, seems to be a partner of PMCA1b, since both molecules co-localize and interact. The paracellular pathway consists of Ca2+ transport through transmembrane proteins of tight junction structures, such as claudins 2, 12, and 15. There is evidence of crosstalk between the transcellular and paracellular pathways in intestinal Ca2+ transport. When intestinal oxidative stress is triggered, there is a decrease in the expression of several molecules of both pathways that inhibit intestinal Ca2+ absorption. Normalization of redox status in the intestine with drugs such as quercetin, ursodeoxycholic acid, or melatonin return intestinal Ca2+ transport to control values. Calcitriol [1,25(OH)2D3] is the major controlling hormone of intestinal Ca2+ transport. It increases the gene and protein expression of most of the molecules involved in both pathways. PTH, thyroid hormones, estrogens, prolactin, growth hormone, and glucocorticoids apparently also regulate Ca2+ transport by direct action, indirect mechanism mediated by the increase of renal 1,25(OH)2D3 production, or both. Different physiological conditions, such as growth, pregnancy, lactation, and aging, adjust intestinal Ca2+ absorption according to Ca2+ demands. Better knowledge of the molecular details of intestinal Ca2+ absorption could lead to the development of nutritional and medical strategies for optimizing the efficiency of intestinal Ca2+ absorption and preventing osteoporosis and other pathologies related to Ca2+ metabolism.
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Abstract
The distal convoluted tubule (DCT) is a short nephron segment, interposed between the macula densa and collecting duct. Even though it is short, it plays a key role in regulating extracellular fluid volume and electrolyte homeostasis. DCT cells are rich in mitochondria, and possess the highest density of Na+/K+-ATPase along the nephron, where it is expressed on the highly amplified basolateral membranes. DCT cells are largely water impermeable, and reabsorb sodium and chloride across the apical membrane via electroneurtral pathways. Prominent among this is the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter, target of widely used diuretic drugs. These cells also play a key role in magnesium reabsorption, which occurs predominantly, via a transient receptor potential channel (TRPM6). Human genetic diseases in which DCT function is perturbed have provided critical insights into the physiological role of the DCT, and how transport is regulated. These include Familial Hyperkalemic Hypertension, the salt-wasting diseases Gitelman syndrome and EAST syndrome, and hereditary hypomagnesemias. The DCT is also established as an important target for the hormones angiotensin II and aldosterone; it also appears to respond to sympathetic-nerve stimulation and changes in plasma potassium. Here, we discuss what is currently known about DCT physiology. Early studies that determined transport rates of ions by the DCT are described, as are the channels and transporters expressed along the DCT with the advent of molecular cloning. Regulation of expression and activity of these channels and transporters is also described; particular emphasis is placed on the contribution of genetic forms of DCT dysregulation to our understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A McCormick
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Oregon Health & Science University, & VA Medical Center, Portland, Oregon, United States
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Gotoh Y, Kita S, Fujii M, Tagashira H, Horie I, Arai Y, Uchida S, Iwamoto T. Genetic knockout and pharmacologic inhibition of NCX2 cause natriuresis and hypercalciuria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 456:670-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Li J, Yuan J, Guo Y, Sun Q, Hu X. The Influence of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Imbalance on Intestinal NaPi-IIb and Calbindin mRNA Expression and Tibia Parameters of Broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:552-8. [PMID: 25049596 PMCID: PMC4092907 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 10/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A 2×2 factorial experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary calcium and non-phytate phosphorus (nPP) imbalance on calbindin and NaPi-IIb mRNA levels in the small intestine and tibia parameters of broiler chicks. One hundred and forty four 1-d-old Arbor Acres male broiler chicks were divided into four treatments consisted of six replicates with six chicks each. The two dietary calcium levels were 1.10% and 0.60%, and two dietary nPP levels were 0.50% and 0.27%. Results showed that a high Ca/nPP ratio diet (4.07:1) significantly depressed feed intake and weight gain of broilers (p<0.05), but a lower Ca:nPP ratio (1.2:1) had no influence (p>0.05). Low-Ca with low-P diet resulted in low tibia minerals and tibia breaking strength of broilers, and all the tibia parameters were further decreased when the dietary ratio of Ca to P was relative higher. Low dietary Ca or P up-regulated the calbindin and NaPi-IIb mRNA expression levels. Low Ca with normal P diet up-regulated duodenal calbindin mRNA expression level to the greatest extent. Low P with a normal Ca diet significantly enhanced NaPi-IIb mRNA expression level to the highest extent. These results suggest that the calbindin and NaPi-IIb mRNA expression were enhanced by the imbalance between dietary Ca and nPP, and their expression were not only influenced by Ca or nPP level, but also the ratio of Ca:nPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China ; College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Shanxi 030801, China
| | - Jianmin Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qiujuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaofei Hu
- Henan Key Laboratory for Animal Immunology, Henan Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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van der Hagen EAE, Tudpor K, Verkaart S, Lavrijsen M, van der Kemp A, van Zeeland F, Bindels RJM, Hoenderop JGJ. β1-Adrenergic receptor signaling activates the epithelial calcium channel, transient receptor potential vanilloid type 5 (TRPV5), via the protein kinase A pathway. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:18489-96. [PMID: 24828496 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.491274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are present in the pro-urine. β-Adrenergic receptor (β-AR) blockers administered to counteract sympathetic overstimulation in patients with congestive heart failure have a negative inotropic effect, resulting in reduced cardiac contractility. Positive inotropes, β1-AR agonists, are used to improve cardiac functions. Active Ca(2+) reabsorption in the late distal convoluted and connecting tubules (DCT2/CNT) is initiated by Ca(2+) influx through the transient receptor potential vanilloid type 5 (TRPV5) Ca(2+) channel. Although it was reported that β-ARs are present in the DCT2/CNT region, their role in active Ca(2+) reabsorption remains elusive. Here we revealed that β1-AR, but not β2-AR, is localized with TRPV5 in DCT2/CNT. Subsequently, treatment of TRPV5-expressing mouse DCT2/CNT primary cell cultures with the β1-AR agonist dobutamine showed enhanced apical-to-basolateral transepithelial Ca(2+) transport. In human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, dobutamine was shown to stimulate cAMP production, signifying functional β1-AR expression. Fura-2 experiments demonstrated increased activity of TRPV5 in response to dobutamine, which could be prevented by the PKA inhibitor H89. Moreover, nonphosphorylable T709A-TRPV5 and phosphorylation-mimicking T709D-TRPV5 mutants were unresponsive to dobutamine. Surface biotinylation showed that dobutamine did not affect plasma membrane abundance of TRPV5. In conclusion, activation of β1-AR stimulates active Ca(2+) reabsorption in DCT2/CNT; an increase in TRPV5 activity via PKA phosphorylation of residue Thr-709 possibly plays an important role. These data explicate a calciotropic role in addition to the inotropic property of β1-AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline A E van der Hagen
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kukiat Tudpor
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Verkaart
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marla Lavrijsen
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annemiete van der Kemp
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Femke van Zeeland
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - René J M Bindels
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost G J Hoenderop
- From the Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Coordinated regulation of TRPV5-mediated Ca²⁺ transport in primary distal convolution cultures. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:2077-87. [PMID: 24557712 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1470-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Fine-tuning of renal calcium ion (Ca(2+)) reabsorption takes place in the distal convoluted and connecting tubules (distal convolution) of the kidney via transcellular Ca(2+) transport, a process controlled by the epithelial Ca(2+) channel Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 5 (TRPV5). Studies to delineate the molecular mechanism of transcellular Ca(2+) transport are seriously hampered by the lack of a suitable cell model. The present study describes the establishment and validation of a primary murine cell model of the distal convolution. Viable kidney tubules were isolated from mice expressing enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein (eGFP) under the control of a TRPV5 promoter (pTRPV5-eGFP), using Complex Object Parametric Analyser and Sorting (COPAS) technology. Tubules were grown into tight monolayers on semi-permeable supports. Radioactive (45)Ca(2+) assays showed apical-to-basolateral transport rates of 13.5 ± 1.2 nmol/h/cm(2), which were enhanced by the calciotropic hormones parathyroid hormone and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3. Cell cultures lacking TRPV5, generated by crossbreeding pTRPV5-eGFP with TRPV5 knockout mice (TRPV5(-/-)), showed significantly reduced transepithelial Ca(2+) transport (26 % of control), for the first time directly confirming the key role of TRPV5. Most importantly, using this cell model, a novel molecular player in transepithelial Ca(2+) transport was identified: mRNA analysis revealed that ATP-dependent Ca(2+)-ATPase 4 (PMCA4) instead of PMCA1 was enriched in isolated tubules and downregulated in TRPV5(-/-) material. Immunohistochemical stainings confirmed co-localization of PMCA4 with TRPV5 in the distal convolution. In conclusion, a novel primary cell model with TRPV5-dependent Ca(2+) transport characteristics was successfully established, enabling comprehensive studies of transcellular Ca(2+) transport.
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Abstract
TRPV5 is one of the two channels in the TRPV family that exhibit high selectivity to Ca(2+) ions. TRPV5 mediates Ca(2+) influx into cells as the first step to transport Ca(2+) across epithelia. The specialized distribution in the distal tubule of the kidney positions TRPV5 as a key player in Ca(2+) reabsorption. The responsiveness in expression and/or activity of TRPV5 to hormones such as 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, parathyroid hormone, estrogen, and testosterone makes TRPV5 suitable for its role in the fine-tuning of Ca(2+) reabsorption. This role is further optimized by the modulation of TRPV5 trafficking and activity via its binding partners; co-expressed proteins; tubular factors such as calbindin-D28k, calmodulin, klotho, uromodulin, and plasmin; extracellular and intracellular factors such as proton, Mg(2+), Ca(2+), and phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate; and fluid flow. These regulations allow TRPV5 to adjust its overall activity in response to the body's demand for Ca(2+) and to prevent kidney stone formation. A point mutation in mouse Trpv5 gene leads to hypercalciuria similar to Trpv5 knockout mice, suggesting a possible role of TRPV5 in hypercalciuric disorders in humans. In addition, the single nucleotide polymorphisms in Trpv5 gene prevalently present in African descents may contribute to the efficient renal Ca(2+) reabsorption among African descendants. TRPV5 represents a potential therapeutic target for disorders with altered Ca(2+) homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Na
- Cell Collection and Research Center, Institute for Biological Product Control, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing, China
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50
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Abstract
TRPV6 (former synonyms ECAC2, CaT1, CaT-like) displays several specific features which makes it unique among the members of the mammalian Trp gene family (1) TRPV6 (and its closest relative, TRPV5) are the only highly Ca(2+)-selective channels of the entire TRP superfamily (Peng et al. 1999; Wissenbach et al. 2001; Voets et al. 2004). (2) Translation of Trpv6 initiates at a non-AUG codon, at ACG, located upstream of the annotated AUG, which is not used for initiation (Fecher-Trost et al. 2013). The ACG codon is nevertheless decoded by methionine. Not only a very rare event in eukaryotic biology, the full-length TRPV6 protein existing in vivo comprises an amino terminus extended by 40 amino acid residues compared to the annotated truncated TRPV6 protein which has been used in most studies on TRPV6 channel activity so far. (In the following numbering occurs according to this full-length protein, with the numbers of the so far annotated truncated protein in brackets). (3) Only in humans a coupled polymorphism of Trpv6 exists causing three amino acid exchanges and resulting in an ancestral Trpv6 haplotype and a so-called derived Trpv6 haplotype (Wissenbach et al. 2001). The ancestral allele encodes the amino acid residues C197(157), M418(378) and M721(681) and the derived alleles R197(157), V418(378) and T721(681). The ancestral haplotype is found in all species, the derived Trpv6 haplotype has only been identified in humans, and its frequency increases with the distance to the African continent. Apparently the Trpv6 gene has been a strong target for selection in humans, and its derived variant is one of the few examples showing consistently differences to the orthologues genes of other primates (Akey et al. 2004, 2006; Stajich and Hahn 2005; Hughes et al. 2008). (4) The Trpv6 gene expression is significantly upregulated in several human malignancies including the most common cancers, prostate and breast cancer (Wissenbach et al. 2001; Zhuang et al. 2002; Fixemer et al. 2003; Bolanz et al. 2008). (5) Male mice lacking functional TRPV6 channels are hypo-/infertile making TRPV6 one of the very few channels essential for male fertility (Weissgerber et al. 2011, 2012).
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fecher-Trost
- Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität des Saarlandes, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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