1
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Blauvelt A, Langley RG, Branigan PJ, Liu X, Chen Y, DePrimo S, Ma K, Scott B, Campbell K, Muñoz-Elías EJ, Papp KA. Guselkumab Reduces Disease- and Mechanism-Related Biomarkers More Than Adalimumab in Patients with Psoriasis: A VOYAGE 1 Substudy. JID INNOVATIONS 2024; 4:100287. [PMID: 39114670 PMCID: PMC11305298 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2024.100287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by activation of IL-23-driven IL-17-producing T cell and other IL-23 receptor-positive IL-17-producing cell responses. Selective blockade of IL-23p19 with guselkumab was superior to blockade of TNF-α with adalimumab (ADA) in treating moderate-to-severe psoriasis. Objective: Pharmacodynamic responses of guselkumab versus ADA were compared in patients with psoriasis in VOYAGE 1. Design Inflammatory cytokine serum levels were assessed (n = 118), and lesional and nonlesional skin biopsies were collected (n = 38) in patient subsets at baseline and 4, 24, and 48 weeks after treatment to evaluate pharmacodynamic responses of guselkumab versus those of ADA. Results Guselkumab provided rapid reductions in serum IL-17A, IL-17F, and IL-22 levels by week 4 versus at baseline, which were maintained through weeks 24 and 48 (P < .001). The magnitude of reduction of IL-17A and IL-22 at week 48 and IL-17F at weeks 4, 24, and 48 were greater with guselkumab than with ADA (all P < .05). In the skin, guselkumab reduced the expression of IL-23/IL-17 pathway-associated and psoriasis-associated genes. Conclusion These data provide extensive characterization of pharmacodynamic anti-inflammatory responses to IL-23p19 and TNF-α inhibition in human blood and tissue over time with FDA-approved doses of guselkumab and ADA. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.govClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02207231).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard G. Langley
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Patrick J. Branigan
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Yanqing Chen
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Samuel DePrimo
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Keying Ma
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Brittney Scott
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kim Campbell
- Immunology, Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Spring House, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Kim A. Papp
- K. Papp Alliance Clinical Trials and Probity Medical Research, Waterloo, ON, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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2
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de la Fuente R, Díaz-Villanueva W, Arnau V, Moya A. Genomic Signature in Evolutionary Biology: A Review. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020322. [PMID: 36829597 PMCID: PMC9953303 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Organisms are unique physical entities in which information is stored and continuously processed. The digital nature of DNA sequences enables the construction of a dynamic information reservoir. However, the distinction between the hardware and software components in the information flow is crucial to identify the mechanisms generating specific genomic signatures. In this work, we perform a bibliometric analysis to identify the different purposes of looking for particular patterns in DNA sequences associated with a given phenotype. This study has enabled us to make a conceptual breakdown of the genomic signature and differentiate the leading applications. On the one hand, it refers to gene expression profiling associated with a biological function, which may be shared across taxa. This signature is the focus of study in precision medicine. On the other hand, it also refers to characteristic patterns in species-specific DNA sequences. This interpretation plays a key role in comparative genomics, identifying evolutionary relationships. Looking at the relevant studies in our bibliographic database, we highlight the main factors causing heterogeneities in genome composition and how they can be quantified. All these findings lead us to reformulate some questions relevant to evolutionary biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca de la Fuente
- Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Wladimiro Díaz-Villanueva
- Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vicente Arnau
- Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
| | - Andrés Moya
- Institute of Integrative Systems Biology (I2Sysbio), University of Valencia and Spanish Research Council (CSIC), 46980 Valencia, Spain
- Foundation for the Promotion of Sanitary and Biomedical Research of the Valencian Community (FISABIO), 46020 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBEResp), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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3
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Laky K, Kinard JL, Li JM, Moore IN, Lack J, Fischer ER, Kabat J, Latanich R, Zachos NC, Limkar AR, Weissler KA, Thompson RW, Wynn TA, Dietz HC, Guerrerio AL, Frischmeyer-Guerrerio PA. Epithelial-intrinsic defects in TGFβR signaling drive local allergic inflammation manifesting as eosinophilic esophagitis. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabp9940. [PMID: 36608150 PMCID: PMC10106118 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abp9940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases are a global health challenge. Individuals harboring loss-of-function variants in transforming growth factor-β receptor (TGFβR) genes have an increased prevalence of allergic disorders, including eosinophilic esophagitis. Allergic diseases typically localize to mucosal barriers, implicating epithelial dysfunction as a cardinal feature of allergic disease. Here, we describe an essential role for TGFβ in the control of tissue-specific immune homeostasis that provides mechanistic insight into these clinical associations. Mice expressing a TGFβR1 loss-of-function variant identified in atopic patients spontaneously develop disease that clinically, immunologically, histologically, and transcriptionally recapitulates eosinophilic esophagitis. In vivo and in vitro, TGFβR1 variant-expressing epithelial cells are hyperproliferative, fail to differentiate properly, and overexpress innate proinflammatory mediators, which persist in the absence of lymphocytes or external allergens. Together, our results support the concept that TGFβ plays a fundamental, nonredundant, epithelial cell-intrinsic role in controlling tissue-specific allergic inflammation that is independent of its role in adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Laky
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jessica L Kinard
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jenny Min Li
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Advanced Biomedical Computational Science, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Fischer
- Electron Microscopy Unit, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rachel Latanich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Nicholas C Zachos
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Ajinkya R Limkar
- Inflammation Immunobiology Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Katherine A Weissler
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Robert W Thompson
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Thomas A Wynn
- Immunopathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Harry C Dietz
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - Anthony L Guerrerio
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Pamela A Frischmeyer-Guerrerio
- Food Allergy Research Section, Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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4
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Krishnan VS, Kõks S. Transcriptional Basis of Psoriasis from Large Scale Gene Expression Studies: The Importance of Moving towards a Precision Medicine Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:6130. [PMID: 35682804 PMCID: PMC9181806 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptome profiling techniques, such as microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), are valuable tools for deciphering the regulatory network underlying psoriasis and have revealed large number of differentially expressed genes in lesional and non-lesional skin. Such approaches provide a more precise measurement of transcript levels and their isoforms than any other methods. Large cohort transcriptomic analyses have greatly improved our understanding of the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying disease pathogenesis and progression. Here, we mostly review the findings of some important large scale psoriatic transcriptomic studies, and the benefits of such studies in elucidating potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for psoriasis treatment. We also emphasised the importance of looking into the alternatively spliced RNA isoforms/transcripts in psoriasis, rather than focussing only on the gene-level annotation. The neutrophil and blood transcriptome signature in psoriasis is also briefly reviewed, as it provides the immune status information of patients and is a less invasive platform. The application of precision medicine in current management of psoriasis, by combining transcriptomic data, improves the clinical response outcome in individual patients. Drugs tailored to individual patient's genetic profile will greatly improve patient outcome and cost savings for the healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidya S. Krishnan
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Discovery Way, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia;
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, 8 Verdun Street, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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5
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Transcriptome Profiling Analyses in Psoriasis: A Dynamic Contribution of Keratinocytes to the Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11101155. [PMID: 33007857 PMCID: PMC7600703 DOI: 10.3390/genes11101155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with a complex etiology involving environmental and genetic factors. A better insight into related genomic alteration helps design precise therapies leading to better treatment outcome. Gene expression in psoriasis can provide relevant information about the altered expression of mRNA transcripts, thus giving new insights into the disease onset. Techniques for transcriptome analyses, such as microarray and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), are relevant tools for the discovery of new biomarkers as well as new therapeutic targets. This review summarizes the findings related to the contribution of keratinocytes in the pathogenesis of psoriasis by an in-depth review of studies that have examined psoriatic transcriptomes in the past years. It also provides valuable information on reconstructed 3D psoriatic skin models using cells isolated from psoriatic patients for transcriptomic studies.
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6
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Davies ML, Dambaeva SV, Katukurundage D, Repak M, Gilman‐Sachs A, Kwak‐Kim J, Beaman KD. Predicting
NK
cell subsets using gene expression levels in peripheral blood and endometrial biopsy specimens. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 78. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Davies
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
| | - Svetlana V. Dambaeva
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
| | - Dimantha Katukurundage
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
| | - Miroslava Repak
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
| | - Alice Gilman‐Sachs
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
| | - Joanne Kwak‐Kim
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyRosalind Franklin University Health System Vernon Hills IL USA
| | - Kenneth D. Beaman
- Clinical Immunology LaboratoryRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyRosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science North Chicago IL USA
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7
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Assassi S, Swindell WR, Wu M, Tan FD, Khanna D, Furst DE, Tashkin DP, Jahan-Tigh RR, Mayes MD, Gudjonsson JE, Chang JT. Dissecting the heterogeneity of skin gene expression patterns in systemic sclerosis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2016; 67:3016-26. [PMID: 26238292 DOI: 10.1002/art.39289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the heterogeneity of global transcriptome patterns in systemic sclerosis (SSc) skin in a large sample of patients with SSc and control subjects. METHODS Skin biopsy specimens obtained from 61 patients enrolled in the Genetics versus Environment in Scleroderma Outcome Study (GENISOS) cohort and 36 unaffected control subjects with a similar demographic background were examined by Illumina HumanHT-12 bead arrays. Followup experiments using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis were also performed. RESULTS We identified 2,754 differentially expressed transcripts in SSc patients compared with controls. Clustering analysis revealed 2 prominent transcriptomes in SSc patients: the keratin and fibroinflammatory signatures. Higher keratin transcript scores were associated with shorter disease duration and interstitial lung disease, while higher fibroinflammatory scores were associated with diffuse cutaneous involvement, a higher skin score at the biopsy site, and a higher modified Rodnan skin thickness score. A subgroup of patients with significantly longer disease duration had a normal-like transcript pattern. Analysis of cell type-specific signature scores revealed remarkable heterogeneity across patients. Significantly higher scores were calculated for fibroblasts (72% of patients), microvascular cells (61%), macrophages (54%), and dendritic cells (DCs) (49%). The majority of samples with significantly higher fibroblast scores (35 of 44 [80%]) had significantly increased macrophage and/or DC scores. Further analysis and immunohistochemical staining indicated that the keratin signature was not a general marker of keratinocyte activation but was in fact associated with an activation pattern in hair and adnexal structures. CONCLUSION Prominent fibroinflammatory and keratin signatures are present in SSc skin. Expression profiles of SSc skin show significant heterogeneity, and this finding might be useful for stratifying patients for targeted therapies or predicting the response to immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Minghua Wu
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Filemon D Tan
- University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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8
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Punwani N, Burn T, Scherle P, Flores R, Shi J, Collier P, Hertel D, Haley P, Lo Y, Waeltz P, Rodgers J, Shepard S, Vaddi K, Yeleswaram S, Levy R, Williams W, Gottlieb AB. Downmodulation of key inflammatory cell markers with a topical Janus kinase 1/2 inhibitor. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:989-97. [PMID: 26123031 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND INCB018424 is a novel, potent Janus kinase (JAK)1/JAK2 inhibitor that blocks signal transduction of multiple proinflammatory cytokines. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and preliminary efficacy of topical INCB018424 phosphate cream in patients with plaque psoriasis. METHODS Topical INCB018424 phosphate 1·0% or 1·5% cream was applied once daily (QD) or twice daily (BID) for 4 weeks to 2-20% body surface area in five sequential cohorts of five patients aged 18-65 years. Target lesions were scored on a scale of 0-4 for erythema, scaling and thickness. Additionally, the overall disease activity in each patient was measured using Physician's Global Assessment. INCB018424 concentrations were measured in plasma, and cytokine stimulated phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation (pSTAT3) levels in peripheral blood cells were evaluated. Pretreatment and post-treatment skin biopsies were compared with healthy skin, including evaluation of histopathology, immunohistochemistry and mRNA expression. RESULTS Treatment with INCB018424 phosphate cream either 1·0% QD or 1·5% BID resulted in improvements in lesion scores. No significant inhibition of pSTAT3 in peripheral blood cells was observed following topical application, consistent with the generally low steady-state plasma concentrations of INCB018424 measured. Transcriptional markers of immune cell lineage/activation in lesional skin were reduced by topical INCB018424, with correlations observed between clinical improvement and decreases in markers of T helper 17 lymphocyte activation, dendritic-cell activation and epidermal hyperplasia. INCB018424 treatment reduced epidermal hyperplasia and dermal inflammation in most patient samples, with reductions in CD3, CD11c, Ki67 and keratin 16 observed by immunohistochemical analysis. CONCLUSIONS Topical INCB018424 dosed for 28 days QD or BID is pharmacologically active in patients with active psoriasis and modulates proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriatic lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Punwani
- Drug Development, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - T Burn
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - P Scherle
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - R Flores
- Drug Development, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - J Shi
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - P Collier
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - D Hertel
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - P Haley
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - Y Lo
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - P Waeltz
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - J Rodgers
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - S Shepard
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - K Vaddi
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - S Yeleswaram
- Drug Discovery, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - R Levy
- Drug Development, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - W Williams
- Drug Development, Incyte Corporation, Rt. 141 and Henry Clay Road, Wilmington, DE, 19880, U.S.A
| | - A B Gottlieb
- Department of Dermatology, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, U.S.A
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Abstract
Psoriasis is an immune-mediated, genetic disease manifesting in the skin or joints or both. A diverse team of clinicians with a range of expertise is often needed to treat the disease. Psoriasis provides many challenges including high prevalence, chronicity, disfiguration, disability, and associated comorbidity. Understanding the role of immune function in psoriasis and the interplay between the innate and adaptive immune system has helped to manage this complex disease, which affects patients far beyond the skin. In this Seminar, we highlight the clinical diversity of psoriasis and associated comorbid diseases. We describe recent developments in psoriasis epidemiology, pathogenesis, and genetics to better understand present trends in psoriasis management. Our key objective is to raise awareness of the complexity of this multifaceted disease, the potential of state-of-the-art therapeutic approaches, and the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive management of patients with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf-Henning Boehncke
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland; Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Michael P Schön
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany.
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10
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Belasco J, Louie JS, Gulati N, Wei N, Nograles K, Fuentes-Duculan J, Mitsui H, Suárez-Fariñas M, Krueger JG. Comparative genomic profiling of synovium versus skin lesions in psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2015; 67:934-44. [PMID: 25512250 PMCID: PMC4406155 DOI: 10.1002/art.38995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective To our knowledge, there is no broad genomic analysis comparing skin and synovium in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Also, there is little understanding of the relative levels of cytokines and chemokines in skin and synovium. The purpose of this study was to better define inflammatory pathways in paired lesional skin and affected synovial tissue in patients with PsA. Methods We conducted a comprehensive analysis of cytokine and chemokine activation and genes representative of the inflammatory processes in PsA. Paired PsA synovial tissue and skin samples were obtained from 12 patients on the same day. Gene expression studies were performed using Affymetrix HGU133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Confirmatory quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on selected transcripts. Cell populations were assessed by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. Results Globally, gene expression in PsA synovium was more closely related to gene expression in PsA skin than to gene expression in synovium in other forms of arthritis. However, PsA gene expression patterns in skin and synovium were clearly distinct, showing a stronger interleukin-17 (IL-17) gene signature in skin than in synovium and more equivalent tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interferon-γ gene signatures in both tissues. These results were confirmed with real-time PCR. Conclusion This is the first comprehensive molecular comparison of paired lesional skin and affected synovial tissue samples in PsA. Our results support clinical trial data showing that PsA skin and joint disease are similarly responsive to TNF antagonists, while IL-17 antagonists have better results in PsA skin than in PsA joints. Genes selectively expressed in PsA synovium might direct future therapies for PsA.
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11
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Soboleva AG, Mezentsev A, Zolotorenko A, Bruskin S, Pirusian E. Three-Dimensional Skin Models of Psoriasis. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 199:301-10. [DOI: 10.1159/000369925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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12
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Blumenberg M. Skinomics: past, present and future for diagnostic microarray studies in dermatology. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2014; 13:885-94. [PMID: 24151852 DOI: 10.1586/14737159.2013.846827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Easily accessible, skin was among the first targets analyzed using 'omics' and dermatology embraced the approaches very early. Microarrays have been used to define disease markers, identify transcriptional changes and even trace the course of treatment. Melanoma and psoriasis have been explored using microarrays. Particularly noteworthy is the multinational mapping of psoriasis susceptibility loci. The transcriptional changes in psoriasis have been identified using hundreds of biopsies. Epidermal keratinocytes have been studied because they respond to UV light, infections, inflammatory and immunomodulating cytokines, toxins and so on. Epidermal differentiation genes are being characterized and are expressed in human epidermal stem cells. Exciting discoveries defining human skin microbiomes have opened a new field of research with great medical potential. Specific to dermatology, the non-invasive skin sampling for microarray studies, using tape stripping, has been developed; it promises to advance dermatology toward 'omics' techniques directly applicable to the personalized medicine of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Blumenberg
- The R.O. Perelman Department of Dermatology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, the NYU Cancer Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, NYU School of Medicine, 455 First Avenue, P.H.B. Room 874, New York NY 10016, USA
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13
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Swindell WR, Johnston A, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Gudjonsson JE. Dissecting the psoriasis transcriptome: inflammatory- and cytokine-driven gene expression in lesions from 163 patients. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:527. [PMID: 23915137 PMCID: PMC3751090 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2013] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis lesions are characterized by large-scale shifts in gene expression. Mechanisms that underlie differentially expressed genes (DEGs), however, are not completely understood. We analyzed existing datasets to evaluate genome-wide expression in lesions from 163 psoriasis patients. Our aims were to identify mechanisms that drive differential expression and to characterize heterogeneity among lesions in this large sample. RESULTS We identified 1233 psoriasis-increased DEGs and 977 psoriasis-decreased DEGs. Increased DEGs were attributed to keratinocyte activity (56%) and infiltration of lesions by T-cells (14%) and macrophages (11%). Decreased DEGs, in contrast, were associated with adipose tissue (63%), epidermis (14%) and dermis (4%). KC/epidermis DEGs were enriched for genes induced by IL-1, IL-17A and IL-20 family cytokines, and were also disproportionately associated with AP-1 binding sites. Among all patients, 50% exhibited a heightened inflammatory signature, with increased expression of genes expressed by T-cells, monocytes and dendritic cells. 66% of patients displayed an IFN-γ-strong signature, with increased expression of genes induced by IFN-γ in addition to several other cytokines (e.g., IL-1, IL-17A and TNF). We show that such differences in gene expression can be used to differentiate between etanercept responders and non-responders. CONCLUSIONS Psoriasis DEGs are partly explained by shifts in the cellular composition of psoriasis lesions. Epidermal DEGs, however, may be driven by the activity of AP-1 and cellular responses to IL-1, IL-17A and IL-20 family cytokines. Among patients, we uncovered a range of inflammatory- and cytokine-associated gene expression patterns. Such patterns may provide biomarkers for predicting individual responses to biologic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R Swindell
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2200, USA
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14
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Gerber PA, Hevezi P, Buhren BA, Martinez C, Schrumpf H, Gasis M, Grether-Beck S, Krutmann J, Homey B, Zlotnik A. Systematic identification and characterization of novel human skin-associated genes encoding membrane and secreted proteins. PLoS One 2013; 8:e63949. [PMID: 23840300 PMCID: PMC3688712 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Through bioinformatics analyses of a human gene expression database representing 105 different tissues and cell types, we identified 687 skin-associated genes that are selectively and highly expressed in human skin. Over 50 of these represent uncharacterized genes not previously associated with skin and include a subset that encode novel secreted and plasma membrane proteins. The high levels of skin-associated expression for eight of these novel therapeutic target genes were confirmed by semi-quantitative real time PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical analyses of normal skin and skin-derived cell lines. Four of these are expressed specifically by epidermal keratinocytes; two that encode G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR87 and GPR115), and two that encode secreted proteins (WFDC5 and SERPINB7). Further analyses using cytokine-activated and terminally differentiated human primary keratinocytes or a panel of common inflammatory, autoimmune or malignant skin diseases revealed distinct patterns of regulation as well as disease associations that point to important roles in cutaneous homeostasis and disease. Some of these novel uncharacterized skin genes may represent potential biomarkers or drug targets for the development of future diagnostics or therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Arne Gerber
- Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Hevezi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
| | | | - Cynthia Martinez
- Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Holger Schrumpf
- Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcia Gasis
- Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Susanne Grether-Beck
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Leibniz Research Institute for Environmental Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bernhard Homey
- Department of Dermatology, University of Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Albert Zlotnik
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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15
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Gericke J, Ittensohn J, Mihály J, Álvarez S, Álvarez R, Töröcsik D, de Lera ÁR, Rühl R. Regulation of retinoid-mediated signaling involved in skin homeostasis by RAR and RXR agonists/antagonists in mouse skin. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62643. [PMID: 23638129 PMCID: PMC3634743 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0062643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Endogenous retinoids like all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) play important roles in skin homeostasis and skin-based immune responses. Moreover, retinoid signaling was found to be dysregulated in various skin diseases. The present study used topical application of selective agonists and antagonists for retinoic acid receptors (RARs) α and γ and retinoid-X receptors (RXRs) for two weeks on mouse skin in order to determine the role of retinoid receptor subtypes in the gene regulation in skin. We observed pronounced epidermal hyperproliferation upon application of ATRA and synthetic agonists for RARγ and RXR. ATRA and the RARγ agonist further increased retinoid target gene expression (Rbp1, Crabp2, Krt4, Cyp26a1, Cyp26b1) and the chemokines Ccl17 and Ccl22. In contrast, a RARα agonist strongly decreased the expression of ATRA-synthesis enzymes, of retinoid target genes, markers of skin homeostasis, and various cytokines in the skin, thereby markedly resembling the expression profile induced by RXR and RAR antagonists. Our results indicate that RARα and RARγ subtypes possess different roles in the skin and may be of relevance for the auto-regulation of endogenous retinoid signaling in skin. We suggest that dysregulated retinoid signaling in the skin mediated by RXR, RARα and/or RARγ may promote skin-based inflammation and dysregulation of skin barrier properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Gericke
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Jan Ittensohn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Johanna Mihály
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Susana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosana Álvarez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Dániel Töröcsik
- Department of Dermatology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ángel R. de Lera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Ralph Rühl
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Paprika Bioanalytics BT, Debrecen, Hungary
- Apoptosis and Genomics Research Group of the Hungarian Academy of Science, Debrecen, Hungary
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16
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Swindell WR, Xing X, Stuart PE, Chen CS, Aphale A, Nair RP, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Johnston A, Gudjonsson JE. Heterogeneity of inflammatory and cytokine networks in chronic plaque psoriasis. PLoS One 2012; 7:e34594. [PMID: 22479649 PMCID: PMC3315545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical features of psoriasis, characterized by sharply demarcated scaly erythematous plaques, are typically so distinctive that a diagnosis can easily be made on these grounds alone. However, there is great variability in treatment response between individual patients, and this may reflect heterogeneity of inflammatory networks driving the disease. In this study, whole-genome transcriptional profiling was used to characterize inflammatory and cytokine networks in 62 lesional skin samples obtained from patients with stable chronic plaque psoriasis. We were able to stratify lesions according to their inflammatory gene expression signatures, identifying those associated with strong (37% of patients), moderate (39%) and weak inflammatory infiltrates (24%). Additionally, we identified differences in cytokine signatures with heightened cytokine-response patterns in one sub-group of lesions (IL-13-strong; 50%) and attenuation of these patterns in a second sub-group (IL-13-weak; 50%). These sub-groups correlated with the composition of the inflammatory infiltrate, but were only weakly associated with increased risk allele frequency at some psoriasis susceptibility loci (e.g., REL, TRAF3IP2 and NOS2). Our findings highlight variable points in the inflammatory and cytokine networks known to drive chronic plaque psoriasis. Such heterogeneous aspects may shape clinical course and treatment responses, and can provide avenues for development of personalized treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Swindell
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Philip E. Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Cynthia S. Chen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Abhishek Aphale
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rajan P. Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John J. Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James T. Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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17
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Combined use of laser capture microdissection and cDNA microarray analysis identifies locally expressed disease-related genes in focal regions of psoriasis vulgaris skin lesions. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:1615-26. [PMID: 22402443 PMCID: PMC3352975 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a complex disease characterized by alterations in growth and differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes as well as marked increase in leukocyte populations. Lesions are known to contain alterations in mRNAs encoding more than 1000 products, but only a very small number of these transcripts have been localized to specific cell types or skin regions. In this study, we used laser capture microdissection (LCM) and gene array analysis to study the gene expression of cells in lesional epidermis and dermis, compared with corresponding non-lesional resions. Using this approach, we detected >1800 differentially expressed gene products in the epidermis or dermis of psoriasis lesions. These results established sets of genes that are differentially expressed between epidermal and dermal compartments, as well as between non-lesional and lesional psoriasis skin. One of our findings involved the local production of CCL19, a lymphoid organizing chemokine, and its receptor CCR7 in psoriatic dermal aggregates, along with the presence of gene products LAMP3/DC-LAMP and CD83, which typify mature DCs. Gene expression patterns obtained with LCM and microarray analysis along with T cell and DC detection by immune staining suggest a possible mechanism for lymphoid organization via CCL19/CCR7 in diseased skin.
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18
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Combined use of laser capture microdissection and cDNA microarray analysis identifies locally expressed disease-related genes in focal regions of psoriasis vulgaris skin lesions. THE JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY 2012. [PMID: 22402443 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2012.1633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris is a complex disease characterized by alterations in growth and differentiation of epidermal keratinocytes, as well as a marked increase in leukocyte populations. Lesions are known to contain alterations in messenger RNAs encoding more than 1,000 products, but only a very small number of these transcripts has been localized to specific cell types or skin regions. In this study, we used laser capture microdissection (LCM) and gene array analysis to study the gene expression of cells in lesional epidermis (EPI) and dermis, compared with the corresponding non-lesional regions. Using this approach, we detected >1,800 differentially expressed gene products in the EPI or dermis of psoriasis lesions. These results established sets of genes that are differentially expressed between epidermal and dermal compartments, as well as between non-lesional and lesional psoriasis skin. One of our findings involved the local production of CCL19, a lymphoid-organizing chemokine, and its receptor CCR7 in psoriatic dermal aggregates, along with the presence of gene products LAMP3/DC-LAMP and CD83, which typify mature dendritic cells (DCs). Gene expression patterns obtained with LCM and microarray analysis along with T-cell and DC detection by immune staining suggest a possible mechanism for lymphoid organization via CCL19/CCR7 in diseased skin.
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19
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Intrinsic gene expression subsets of diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis are stable in serial skin biopsies. J Invest Dermatol 2012; 132:1363-73. [PMID: 22318389 PMCID: PMC3326181 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2011.472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Skin biopsy gene expression was analyzed by DNA microarray from 13 diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis (dSSc) patients enrolled in an open-label study of rituximab, 9 dSSc patients not treated with rituximab, and 9 healthy controls. These data recapitulate the patient "intrinsic" gene expression subsets described previously, including fibroproliferative, inflammatory, and normal-like groups. Serial skin biopsies showed consistent and non-progressing gene expression over time, and importantly, the patients in the inflammatory subset do not move to the fibroproliferative subset, and vice versa. We were unable to detect significant differences in gene expression before and after rituximab treatment, consistent with an apparent lack of clinical response. Serial biopsies from each patient stayed within the same gene expression subset, regardless of treatment regimen or the time point at which they were taken. Collectively, these data emphasize the heterogeneous nature of SSc and demonstrate that the intrinsic subsets are an inherent, reproducible, and stable feature of the disease that is independent of disease duration. Moreover, these data have fundamental importance for the future development of personalized therapy for SSc; drugs targeting inflammation are likely to benefit those patients with an inflammatory signature, whereas drugs targeting fibrosis are likely to benefit those with a fibroproliferative signature.
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20
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Chouela R. EN. Psoriasis y nuevas terapias. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0716-8640(11)70489-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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21
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Joyce CE, Zhou X, Xia J, Ryan C, Thrash B, Menter A, Zhang W, Bowcock AM. Deep sequencing of small RNAs from human skin reveals major alterations in the psoriasis miRNAome. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:4025-40. [PMID: 21807764 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic and complex inflammatory skin disease with lesions displaying dramatically altered mRNA expression profiles. However, much less is known about the expression of small RNAs. Here, we describe a comprehensive analysis of the normal and psoriatic skin miRNAome with next-generation sequencing in a large patient cohort. We generated 6.7 × 10(8) small RNA reads representing 717 known and 284 putative novel microRNAs (miRNAs). We also observed widespread expression of isomiRs and miRNA*s derived from known and novel miRNA loci, and a low frequency of miRNA editing in normal and psoriatic skin. The expression and processing of selected novel miRNAs were confirmed with qRT-PCR in skin and other human tissues or cell lines. Eighty known and 18 novel miRNAs were 2-42-fold differentially expressed in psoriatic skin. Of particular significance was the 2.7-fold upregulation of a validated novel miRNA derived from the antisense strand of the miR-203 locus, which plays a role in epithelial differentiation. Other differentially expressed miRNAs included hematopoietic-specific miRNAs such as miR-142-3p and miR-223/223*, and angiogenic miRNAs such as miR-21, miR-378, miR-100 and miR-31, which was the most highly upregulated miRNA in psoriatic skin. The functions of these miRNAs are consistent with the inflammatory and hyperproliferative phenotype of psoriatic lesions. In situ hybridization of differentially expressed miRNAs revealed stratified epidermal expression of an uncharacterized keratinocyte-derived miRNA, miR-135b, as well as the epidermal infiltration of the hematopoietic-specific miRNA, miR-142-3p, in psoriatic lesions. This study lays a critical framework for functional characterization of miRNAs in healthy and diseased skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cailin E Joyce
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA
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22
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Swindell WR, Johnston A, Carbajal S, Han G, Wohn C, Lu J, Xing X, Nair RP, Voorhees JJ, Elder JT, Wang XJ, Sano S, Prens EP, DiGiovanni J, Pittelkow MR, Ward NL, Gudjonsson JE. Genome-wide expression profiling of five mouse models identifies similarities and differences with human psoriasis. PLoS One 2011; 6:e18266. [PMID: 21483750 PMCID: PMC3070727 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0018266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of a suitable mouse model would facilitate the investigation of pathomechanisms underlying human psoriasis and would also assist in development of therapeutic treatments. However, while many psoriasis mouse models have been proposed, no single model recapitulates all features of the human disease, and standardized validation criteria for psoriasis mouse models have not been widely applied. In this study, whole-genome transcriptional profiling is used to compare gene expression patterns manifested by human psoriatic skin lesions with those that occur in five psoriasis mouse models (K5-Tie2, imiquimod, K14-AREG, K5-Stat3C and K5-TGFbeta1). While the cutaneous gene expression profiles associated with each mouse phenotype exhibited statistically significant similarity to the expression profile of psoriasis in humans, each model displayed distinctive sets of similarities and differences in comparison to human psoriasis. For all five models, correspondence to the human disease was strong with respect to genes involved in epidermal development and keratinization. Immune and inflammation-associated gene expression, in contrast, was more variable between models as compared to the human disease. These findings support the value of all five models as research tools, each with identifiable areas of convergence to and divergence from the human disease. Additionally, the approach used in this paper provides an objective and quantitative method for evaluation of proposed mouse models of psoriasis, which can be strategically applied in future studies to score strengths of mouse phenotypes relative to specific aspects of human psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William R. Swindell
- Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WRS); (JEG)
| | - Andrew Johnston
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Steve Carbajal
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gangwen Han
- Departments of Pathology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Christian Wohn
- Departments of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Xianying Xing
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Rajan P. Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - John J. Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - James T. Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Xiao-Jing Wang
- Departments of Pathology, Otolaryngology and Dermatology, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Okocho, Nankoku, Japan
| | - Errol P. Prens
- Departments of Dermatology and Rheumatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - John DiGiovanni
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
- Division of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America
| | - Mark R. Pittelkow
- Department of Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Nicole L. Ward
- Department of Dermatology and the Murdough Family Center for Psoriasis, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals, Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Johann E. Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America
- * E-mail: (WRS); (JEG)
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23
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Nisticò S, Paolillo N, Minella D, Piccirilli S, Rispoli V, Giardina E, Biancolella M, Chimenti S, Novelli G, Nisticò G. Effects of TNF-α and IL-1β on the Activation of Genes Related to Inflammatory, Immune Responses and Cell Death in Immortalized Human HaCat Keratinocytes. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2010; 23:1057-72. [DOI: 10.1177/039463201002300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present experiments were designed to characterize by microarray analysis the transcriptional responses of human keratinocytes (HaCat) to TNF-α and IL-1β, given alone or in combination, in order to better understand the mechanisms underlying inflammatory, immune responses and cell death in which both cytokines play a pathophysiological role. Significant differences in the percentage and quality of genes dysregulated by TNF-α and IL-1β were shown. Both cytokines activated a series of genes involved in inflammatory, immune response as well as in cell death. In our experimental conditions, TNF-α, in contrast to IL-1β, did not induce a significant level of apoptosis in keratinocytes. However, given together both cytokines produced a significant decrease in apoptotic cells and synergistic transcriptional response which was due to the activation of several specific genes occurring after application of each cytokine. TNF-α and IL-1β evoked apoptotic effect and transcriptional responses were linked to the stimulation of their specific receptors since a pre-treatment with monoclonal antibodies vs TNF-α and/or IL-1β receptors was able to significantly reduce them.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - N. Paolillo
- IRCCS “C. Mondino Institute of Neurology” Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - D. Minella
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome
| | - S. Piccirilli
- Center of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata
| | - V. Rispoli
- Department of Pharmacobiological Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Italy
| | - E. Giardina
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome
| | - M. Biancolella
- Department of Preventive Medicine University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - G. Novelli
- Department of Biopathology and Diagnostic Imaging, School of Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome
| | - G. Nisticò
- Center of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, University of Rome Tor Vergata
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24
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Suárez-Fariñas M, Fuentes-Duculan J, Lowes MA, Krueger JG. Resolved psoriasis lesions retain expression of a subset of disease-related genes. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 131:391-400. [PMID: 20861854 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory disease that usually heals without visible scarring. Histological evaluation often suggests complete resolution, but reversal of genomic disease-associated alterations has not yet been defined. Gene expression profiling was used to determine the extent to which the psoriasis genes were reversed after 3 months of etanercept treatment in patients who responded to treatment. We reviewed the histology, leukocyte counts, and PCR data for inflammatory genes, to compare recovery of these parameters and the genomic studies. Many cellular markers do return close to nonlesional levels, although five inflammatory genes did not improve by >75% (IL-12p35, MX1, IL-22, IL-17, and IFNγ). Psoriasis-related genes with <75% improvement were defined as comprising a "residual disease genomic profile," composed of 248 probe sets. Genes of interest in psoriasis tissue that did not return to baseline included LYVE-1, WNT5A, RAB31, and AQP9. It appears that even when the epidermal reaction in psoriasis is fully resolved, inflammation, as defined by expression of key cytokines and chemokines, is not completely resolved in treated lesions. We also found that structural cells of the skin continued to express molecular alterations, and that some subtle features of skin structure, for example, lymphatics, were not fully normalized with treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayte Suárez-Fariñas
- The Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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25
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Pendergrass SA, Hayes E, Farina G, Lemaire R, Farber HW, Whitfield ML, Lafyatis R. Limited systemic sclerosis patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension show biomarkers of inflammation and vascular injury. PLoS One 2010; 5:e12106. [PMID: 20808962 PMCID: PMC2923145 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0012106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Accepted: 06/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a common complication for individuals with limited systemic sclerosis (lSSc). The identification and characterization of biomarkers for lSSc-PAH should lead to less invasive screening, a better understanding of pathogenesis, and improved treatment. Methods and Findings Forty-nine PBMC samples were obtained from 21 lSSc subjects without PAH (lSSc-noPAH), 15 lSSc subjects with PAH (lSSc-PAH), and 10 healthy controls; three subjects provided PBMCs one year later. Genome-wide gene expression was measured for each sample. The levels of 89 cytokines were measured in serum from a subset of subjects by Multi-Analyte Profiling (MAP) immunoassays. Gene expression clearly distinguished lSSc samples from healthy controls, and separated lSSc-PAH from lSSc-NoPAH patients. Real-time quantitative PCR confirmed increased expression of 9 genes (ICAM1, IFNGR1, IL1B, IL13Ra1, JAK2, AIF1, CCR1, ALAS2, TIMP2) in lSSc-PAH patients. Increased circulating cytokine levels of inflammatory mediators such as TNF-alpha, IL1-beta, ICAM-1, and IL-6, and markers of vascular injury such as VCAM-1, VEGF, and von Willebrand Factor were found in lSSc-PAH subjects. Conclusions and Significance The gene expression and cytokine profiles of lSSc-PAH patients suggest the presence of activated monocytes, and show markers of vascular injury and inflammation. These genes and factors could serve as biomarkers of PAH involvement in lSSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Pendergrass
- Department of Genetics, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Everett Hayes
- Rheumatology Section, Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Giuseppina Farina
- Rheumatology Section, Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Raphael Lemaire
- Rheumatology Section, Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Harrison W. Farber
- Pulmonary Section, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Michael L. Whitfield
- Department of Genetics, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MLW); (RL)
| | - Robert Lafyatis
- Rheumatology Section, Arthritis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (MLW); (RL)
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Gudjonsson JE, Ding J, Johnston A, Tejasvi T, Guzman AM, Nair RP, Voorhees JJ, Abecasis GR, Elder JT. Assessment of the psoriatic transcriptome in a large sample: additional regulated genes and comparisons with in vitro models. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:1829-40. [PMID: 20220767 PMCID: PMC3128718 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
To further elucidate molecular alterations in psoriasis, we performed a gene expression study of 58 paired lesional and uninvolved psoriatic and 64 control skin samples. Comparison of involved psoriatic (PP) and normal (NN) skin identified 1,326 differentially regulated transcripts encoding 918 unique genes (549 up- and 369 downregulated), of which over 600 are to our knowledge previously unreported, including S100A7A, THRSP, and ELOVL3. Strongly upregulated genes included SERPINB4, PI3, DEFB4, and several S100-family members. Strongly downregulated genes included Wnt-inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1), beta-cellulin (BTC), and CCL27. Enriched gene ontology categories included immune response, defense response, and keratinocyte differentiation. Biological processes regulating fatty acid and lipid metabolism were enriched in the down-regulated gene set. Comparison of the psoriatic transcriptome to the transcriptomes of cytokine-stimulated cultured keratinocytes (IL-17, IL-22, IL-1alpha, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and OSM) showed surprisingly little overlap, with the cytokine-stimulated keratinocyte expression representing only 2.5, 0.7, 1.5, 5.6, 5.0, and 1.9% of the lesional psoriatic dysregulated transcriptome, respectively. This comprehensive analysis of differentially regulated transcripts in psoriasis provides additional insight into the pathogenic mechanisms involved and emphasizes the need for more complex yet tractable experimental models of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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Fuentes-Duculan J, Suárez-Fariñas M, Zaba LC, Nograles KE, Pierson KC, Mitsui H, Pensabene CA, Kzhyshkowska J, Krueger JG, Lowes MA. A subpopulation of CD163-positive macrophages is classically activated in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2010; 130:2412-22. [PMID: 20555352 DOI: 10.1038/jid.2010.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages are important cells of the innate immune system, and their study is essential to gain greater understanding of the inflammatory nature of psoriasis. We used immunohistochemistry and double-label immunofluorescence to characterize CD163(+) macrophages in psoriasis. Dermal macrophages were increased in psoriasis compared with normal skin and were identified by CD163, RFD7, CD68, lysosomal-associated membrane protein 2 (LAMP2), stabilin-1, and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO). CD163(+) macrophages expressed C-lectins CD206/macrophage mannose receptor and CD209/DC-SIGN, as well as costimulatory molecules CD86 and CD40. They did not express mature dendritic cell (DC) markers CD208/DC-lysosomal-associated membrane glycoprotein, CD205/DEC205, or CD83. Microarray analysis of in vitro-derived macrophages treated with IFN-γ showed that many of the genes upregulated in macrophages were found in psoriasis, including STAT1, CXCL9, Mx1, and HLA-DR. CD163(+) macrophages produced inflammatory molecules IL-23p19 and IL-12/23p40 as well as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). These data show that CD163 is a superior marker of macrophages, and identifies a subpopulation of "classically activated" macrophages in psoriasis. We conclude that macrophages are likely to contribute to the pathogenic inflammation in psoriasis, a prototypical T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 disease, by releasing key inflammatory products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judilyn Fuentes-Duculan
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10065, USA
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28
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Zaba LC, Fuentes-Duculan J, Eungdamrong NJ, Johnson-Huang LM, Nograles KE, White TR, Pierson KC, Lentini T, Suárez-Fariñas M, Lowes MA, Krueger JG. Identification of TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand and other molecules that distinguish inflammatory from resident dendritic cells in patients with psoriasis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 125:1261-1268.e9. [PMID: 20471070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2010.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2009] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous work has identified CD11c(+)CD1c(-) dendritic cells (DCs) as the major "inflammatory" dermal DC population in patients with psoriasis vulgaris and CD1c(+) DCs as the "resident" cutaneous DC population. OBJECTIVE We sought to further define molecular differences between these 2 myeloid dermal DC populations. METHODS Inflammatory and resident DCs were single-cell sorted from lesional skin biopsy specimens of patients with psoriasis, and the transcriptome of CD11c(+)CD1c(-) versus CD1c(+) DCs was determined. Results were confirmed with RT-PCR, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry, and double-labeled immunofluorescence. Human keratinocytes were cultured for functional studies. RESULTS TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), Toll-like receptors 1 and 2, S100A12/ENRAGE, CD32, and many other inflammatory products were differentially expressed in inflammatory DCs compared with resident DCs. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence confirmed higher protein expression on CD1c(-) versus CD1c(+) DCs. TRAIL receptors, death receptor 4, and decoy receptor 2 were expressed in keratinocytes and dermal cells. In vitro culture of keratinocytes with TRAIL induced CCL20 chemokine. CONCLUSIONS CD11c(+)CD1c(-) inflammatory DCs in psoriatic lesional skin express a wide range of inflammatory molecules compared with skin-resident CD1c(+) DCs. Some molecules made by inflammatory DCs, including TRAIL, could have direct effects on keratinocytes or other skin cell types to promote disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa C Zaba
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Rácz E, Prens EP. Molecular pathophysiology of psoriasis and molecular targets of antipsoriatic therapy. Expert Rev Mol Med 2009; 11:e38. [PMID: 20003607 DOI: 10.1017/s146239940900129x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterised by elevated red scaly plaques on specific body sites. Histologically, the plaques are defined by epidermal hyperplasia, epidermal and dermal infiltration by leukocytes, and changes in the dermal microvasculature. Differentiation and activation are disturbed in lesional psoriatic keratinocytes, and the pool of proliferating keratinocytes is increased, which is accompanied by enhanced production of proinflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and antimicrobial peptides. These changes in psoriatic keratinocytes are caused by altered expression of genes associated with epidermal differentiation, and by activation of signalling pathways involving signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), type I interferon (IFN) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). The number of T cells, and myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) is markedly increased in psoriatic lesions. Myeloid DCs produce interleukin (IL)-23, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), which are crucial cytokines in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. IL-23 stimulates the secretion of IL-22 by T helper 17 cells, and IL-22 induces epidermal hyperplasia. The crosstalk between keratinocytes and leukocytes via their proinflammatory cytokines creates the vicious circle of chronic skin inflammation seen in psoriasis. This suggests that optimal treatment of psoriasis needs to target pathogenic pathways in both leukocytes and keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emoke Rácz
- Department of Dermatology and Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank O Nestle
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, Federation of Clinical Immunology Societies Centre of Excellence at King's College London and Guy's and St. Thomas' Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
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31
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Haider AS, Lowes MA, Suárez-Fariñas M, Zaba LC, Cardinale I, Khatcherian A, Novitskaya I, Wittkowski KM, Krueger JG. Identification of cellular pathways of "type 1," Th17 T cells, and TNF- and inducible nitric oxide synthase-producing dendritic cells in autoimmune inflammation through pharmacogenomic study of cyclosporine A in psoriasis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2008; 180:1913-20. [PMID: 18209089 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.3.1913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic modulation of psoriasis with targeted immunosuppressive agents defines inflammatory genes associated with disease activity and may be extrapolated to a wide range of autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporine A (CSA) is considered a "gold standard" therapy for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. We conducted a clinical trial with CSA and analyzed the treatment outcome in blood and skin of 11 responding patients. In the skin, as expected, CSA modulated genes from activated T cells and the "type 1" pathway (p40, IFN-gamma, and STAT-1-regulated genes). However, CSA also modulated genes from the newly described Th17 pathway (IL-17, IL-22, and downstream genes S100A12, DEFB-2, IL-1beta, SEPRINB3, LCN2, and CCL20). CSA also affected dendritic cells, reducing TNF and inducible NO synthase (products of inflammatory TNF- and inducible NO synthase-producing dendritic cells), CD83, and IL-23p19. We detected 220 early response genes (day 14 posttreatment) that were down-regulated by CSA. We classified >95% into proinflammatory or skin resident cells. More myeloid-derived than activated T cell genes were modulated by CSA (54 myeloid genes compared with 11 lymphocyte genes), supporting the hypothesis that myeloid derived genes contribute to pathogenic inflammation in psoriasis. In circulating mononuclear leukocytes, in stark contrast, no inflammatory gene activity was detected. Thus, we have constructed a genomic signature of successful treatment of psoriasis which may serve as a reference to guide development of other new therapies. In addition, these data also identify new gene targets for therapeutic modulation and may be applied to wide range of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa S Haider
- Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology, Rockefeller University, New York, NY, 10021, USA
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