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Touzart A, Lengliné E, Latiri M, Belhocine M, Smith C, Thomas X, Spicuglia S, Puthier D, Pflumio F, Leguay T, Graux C, Chalandon Y, Huguet F, Leprêtre S, Ifrah N, Dombret H, Macintyre E, Hunault M, Boissel N, Asnafi V. Epigenetic Silencing Affects l-Asparaginase Sensitivity and Predicts Outcome in T-ALL. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:2483-2493. [PMID: 30659025 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-1844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Biological explanation for discrepancies in patient-related response to chemotherapy depending on the underlying oncogenic events is a promising research area. TLX1- or TLX3-deregulated T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemias (T-ALL; TLX1/3+) share an immature cortical phenotype and similar transcriptional signatures. However, their prognostic impacts differ, and inconsistent clinical outcome has been reported for TLX3. We therefore hypothesized that the overlapping transcriptional profiles of TLX1+ and TLX3+ T-ALLs would allow identification of candidate genes, which might determine their distinct clinical outcomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We compared TLX1+ and TLX3+ adult T-ALL outcome in the successive French national LALA-94 and GRAALL-2003/2005 multicentric trials and analyzed transcriptomic data to identify differentially expressed genes. Epigenetic regulation of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) and in vitro l-asparaginase sensitivity were evaluated for T-ALL cell lines and primary samples. RESULTS We show that TLX1+ patients expressed low levels of ASNS when compared with TLX3+ and TLX-negative patients, due to epigenetic silencing of ASNS by both DNA methylation and a decrease of active histone marks. Promoter methylation of the ASNS gene correlated with l-asparaginase sensitivity in both T-ALL cell lines and patient-derived xenografts. Finally, ASNS promoter methylation was an independent prognostic factor for both event-free survival [HR, 0.42; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.24-0.71; P = 0.001] and overall survival (HR, 0.40; 95% CI, 0.23-0.70; P = 0.02) in 160 GRAALL-2003/2005 T-ALL patients and also in an independent series of 47 LL03-treated T lymphoblastic lymphomas (P = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that ASNS methylation status at diagnosis may allow individual adaptation of l-asparaginase dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Touzart
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Etienne Lengliné
- Université Paris Diderot, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, EA-3518, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Mehdi Latiri
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Belhocine
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, TAGC, UMR1090, Marseille, France; Equipe Labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Charlotte Smith
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Thomas
- Division of Hematology, Hospices Civils de Lyon, INSERM U1052-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5286, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, Pierre Benite, France
| | - Salvatore Spicuglia
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, TAGC, UMR1090, Marseille, France; Equipe Labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Denis Puthier
- Aix-Marseille University, Inserm, TAGC, UMR1090, Marseille, France; Equipe Labélisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Marseille, France
| | - Françoise Pflumio
- INSERM UMR967, CEA/DSV/iRCM, Laboratory of Hematopoietic Stem Cells and Leukemic Cells, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Thibaut Leguay
- Division of Hematology, Hôpital du Haut-Levêque, Pessac, France
| | - Carlos Graux
- Department of Hematology, Mont-Godinne University Hospital, Yvoir, Belgium
| | - Yves Chalandon
- Hematology Division, Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Genève, Switzerland; Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Françoise Huguet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Leprêtre
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1245, Department of Hematology, Centre Henri-Becquerel and Normandie Univ UNIROUEN, Rouen, France
| | - Norbert Ifrah
- PRES LUNAM, CHU Angers Service des Maladies du Sang et INSERM U 892, Angers, France
| | - Hervé Dombret
- Université Paris Diderot, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, EA-3518, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Elizabeth Macintyre
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France
| | - Mathilde Hunault
- Division of Hematology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France; INSERM U892/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6299, Angers, CRCINA, INSERM, Université de Nantes, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Nicolas Boissel
- Université Paris Diderot, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, EA-3518, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, University Hospital Saint-Louis, Paris, France
| | - Vahid Asnafi
- Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Cité, Institut Necker-Enfants Malades (INEM), Institut National de recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1151, and Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Necker Enfants-Malades, Paris, France.
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Sokolov NN, Eldarov MA, Pokrovskaya MV, Aleksandrova SS, Abakumova OY, Podobed OV, Melik-Nubarov NS, Kudryashova EV, Grishin DV, Archakov AI. [Bacterial recombinant L-asparaginases: properties, structure and anti-proliferative activity]. BIOMEDIT︠S︡INSKAI︠A︡ KHIMII︠A︡ 2015. [PMID: 26215408 DOI: 10.18097/pbmc20156103312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
For more than 40 years L-asparaginases are used in combined therapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children and the range of tumors sensitive to these enzymes constantly extends. This review summarizes results of studies aimed at creation of new systems for heterological expression of bacterial L-asparaginases as Erwinia carotovora (EwA), Helicobacter pylori (HpA), Yersinia pseudotuberculosis (YpA) and Rhodospirillum rubrum (RrA); special attention is paid to isolation of purified enzymes and their crystallization, modification by chitosan/polyethylene, physicochemical, kinetic and structural properties characterization, and the study of the cytotoxic or anti-proliferative activity of new recombinant L-asparaginases on cell cultures in vitro. The resultant recombinant L-asparaginases (EwA, YpA, HpA и RrA) exhibit reasonable cytotoxic action on the human leukemia cells comparable to the pharmacologically available L-asparaginase EcA and represent practical interest in respect to creation, on their basis, new effective antineoplastic remedies. Further prospects of researches on bacterial L-asparaginases are associated with development of analogs of Rhodospirillum rubrum L-asparaginase (RrA) by means of directed changes of the protein structure using genetic engineering, development of chito-PEGylation for receiving L-asparaginase preparations with improved pharmacokinetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- N N Sokolov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - M A Eldarov
- Centre "Bioengineering", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - O V Podobed
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - E V Kudryashova
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Chemical Faculty, Moscow, Russia
| | - D V Grishin
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A I Archakov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia
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Kusano-Arai O, Iwanari H, Mochizuki Y, Nakata H, Kodama T, Kitoh T, Hamakubo T. Evaluation of the asparagine synthetase level in leukemia cells by monoclonal antibodies. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2013; 31:325-32. [PMID: 23098298 DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2012.0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
L-Asparaginase (ASNase) is important for the treatment of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. ASNase sensitivity has been shown to correlate with the asparagine synthetase (ASNS) protein content in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. However, there have been few studies to determine ASNS protein levels in human leukemias, since no appropriate monoclonal antibody is available for such quantitative analysis. In this study, we report the generation of anti-ASNS monoclonal antibodies, which are applicable to flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. These monoclonal antibodies should provide a valuable tool for the quantification of ASNS protein level and estimation of ASNase-resistance in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Kusano-Arai
- Department of Molecular Biology and Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Meguro, Tokyo, Japan
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Dhavala P, Krasotkina J, Dubreuil C, Papageorgiou AC. Expression, purification and crystallization of Helicobacter pylori L-asparaginase. Acta Crystallogr Sect F Struct Biol Cryst Commun 2008; 64:740-2. [PMID: 18678946 PMCID: PMC2494961 DOI: 10.1107/s1744309108020186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/01/2008] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The L-asparaginases from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi are effective drugs that have been used in the treatment of acute childhood lymphoblastic leukaemia for over 30 years. However, despite their therapeutic potential, they can cause serious side effects as a consequence of their intrinsic glutaminase activity, which leads to L-glutamine depletion in the blood. Consequently, new asparaginases with low glutaminase activity, fewer side effects and high activity towards L-asparagine are highly desirable as better alternatives in cancer therapy. L-Asparaginase from Helicobacter pylori was overexpressed in E. coli and purified for structural studies. The enzyme was crystallized at pH 7.0 in the presence of 16-19%(w/v) PEG 4000 and 0.1 M magnesium formate. Data were collected to 1.6 A resolution at 100 K from a single crystal at a synchrotron-radiation source. The crystals belong to space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a = 63.6, b = 94.9, c = 100.2 A and one molecule of L-asparaginase in the asymmetric unit. Elucidation of the crystal structure will provide insight into the active site of the enzyme and a better understanding of the structure-activity relationship in L-asparaginases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prathusha Dhavala
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi, Turku 20521, Finland
| | - Julya Krasotkina
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Christine Dubreuil
- Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi, Turku 20521, Finland
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Su N, Pan YX, Zhou M, Harvey RC, Hunger SP, Kilberg MS. Correlation between asparaginase sensitivity and asparagine synthetase protein content, but not mRNA, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell lines. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008; 50:274-9. [PMID: 17514734 PMCID: PMC8441542 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.21213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asparaginase (ASNase) is an essential component of most treatment protocols for childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Although increased asparagine synthetase (ASNS) expression may contribute to ASNase resistance, there is conflicting data from patient samples with regard to correlation between ASNS mRNA content and ASNase sensitivity. PROCEDURE Both T-cell and B-cell derived ALL cell lines were treated with ASNase and then monitored for cell proliferation, cell death, and ASNS mRNA and protein expression. RESULTS Despite elevated ASNS mRNA following ASNase treatment, different ALL cell lines varied widely in translation to ASNS protein. Although ASNS mRNA levels did not consistently reflect ASNase sensitivity, there was an inverse correlation between ASNS protein and ASNase-induced cell death. Expression of ASNS in an ASNase-sensitive cell line resulted in enhanced ASNase resistance, and conversely, siRNA-mediated inhibition of ASNS expression promoted increased drug sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS These observations provide an explanation for the ASNase sensitivity of ALL cells and demonstrate the importance of measuring ASNS protein rather than mRNA in predicting ASNase responsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Yuan-Xiang Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Richard C. Harvey
- Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, New Merico
| | - Stephen P. Hunger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michael S. Kilberg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida Shands Cancer Center, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
- Correspondence to: Michael S. Kilberg, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Box 100245, JHMHC, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0245.
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Stams WAG, den Boer ML, Beverloo HB, Meijerink JPP, van Wering ER, Janka-Schaub GE, Pieters R. Expression levels of TEL, AML1, and the fusion products TEL-AML1 and AML1-TEL versus drug sensitivity and clinical outcome in t(12;21)-positive pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11:2974-80. [PMID: 15837750 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE t(12;21)(p13; q22), present in approximately 25% of pediatric precursor B-ALL, is highly sensitivity to L-asparaginase and the prognosis depends on the intensity of the treatment protocol. This study analyzes the relationship between the mRNA expression of the genes and fusion products involved in t(12;21), in vitro sensitivity to prednisolone, vincristine, and L-asparaginase, and long-term clinical outcome in t(12;21)+ acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Long-term clinical outcome in 45 t(12;21)+ ALL patients was related to mRNA expression of TEL, AML1, TEL-AML1, and AML1-TEL, determined by real-time quantitative PCR, and the in vitro sensitivity to prednisolone, vincristine, and L-asparaginase, using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assays. RESULTS A significant approximately 3.5-fold lower TEL expression in t(12;21)+ compared with t(12;21)- ALL samples (P = 0.006) and normal controls (P = 0.004) was found. Expression of AML1 did not differ between t(12;21)+ and t(12;21)- ALL. However, AML1 expression in the leukemic cells was 2-fold higher compared with normal controls (P = 0.02). The TEL-AML1 fusion product was expressed in all t(12;21)+ cases, whereas the reciprocal fusion product AML1-TEL was expressed in only 76%. High expression levels of TEL-AML1 [hazard ratio (HR), 1.3; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.10-1.57; P = 0.003], AML1-TEL (HR, 4.9; 95% CI, 1.99-12.40; P = 0.001) and AML1 (HR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.03-1.22; P = 0.006) were associated with a poor long-term clinical outcome within t(12;21)+ ALL. Cellular drug resistance towards prednisolone, vincristine, and L-asparaginase could not explain this predictive value. Multivariate analysis including age and WBC showed that only high AML1-TEL expression is an independent poor prognostic factor in t(12;21)+ childhood ALL. CONCLUSION High AML1-TEL expression is an independent poor prognostic factor in t(12;21)+ childhood ALL.
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MESH Headings
- Asparaginase/pharmacology
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- Child
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21/genetics
- Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit
- DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Disease-Free Survival
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/pathology
- Prednisolone/pharmacology
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ets
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Repressor Proteins/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Transcription Factors/genetics
- Translocation, Genetic
- Treatment Outcome
- Vincristine/pharmacology
- ETS Translocation Variant 6 Protein
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A G Stams
- Division of Pediatric Oncology/Hematology, Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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