1
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Alkhalidi F. A comparative study to assess the use of chromium in type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Med Life 2023; 16:1178-1182. [PMID: 38024820 PMCID: PMC10652672 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent endocrine disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, often resulting in complications affecting multiple organs, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy. Among potential interventions, certain micronutrients, like chromium, have the potential to improve glycemic management. The potential of chromium to mitigate insulin resistance and enhance insulin sensitivity through cellular receptors underscores its significance. Conversely, insufficient dietary chromium intake could contribute to diabetes development. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of chromium supplementation among individuals with diabetes. In a single-blind randomized clinical trial, participants aged 40 to 60 years with uncontrolled diabetes were divided into two groups. The intervention group received a daily chromium supplement of 200 mcg and their regular diabetes medication regimen, while the control group received only medication. The follow-up period spanned four months, during which fasting blood sugar, HbA1c levels, and lipid profiles were assessed for both groups, followed by a comparative analysis. Patients had a mean age of 52.3±6.3 years. Males constituted only 47.5% of participants, and women were 52.5%. The initial HbA1c level at the start of the study for individuals receiving chromium was 10.4±2.4. Following the follow-up period, the average HbA1c level decreased significantly to 7.2±1.7, showing a statistically significant difference. Furthermore, there was a significant reduction in the mean fasting blood sugar levels, approaching normal levels. These results suggest a beneficial role of chromium supplementation in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus, contributing to improved glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Alkhalidi
- Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, AL-Qadisiyah, Iraq
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2
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Bikbova G, Oshitari T, Bikbov M. Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119166. [PMID: 37298118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A clear connection exists between diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Consequently, therapeutic approaches that target both diseases are needed. Clinical trials are currently underway to explore the roles of obesity, adipose tissue, gut microbiota, and pancreatic beta cell function in diabetes. Inflammation plays a key role in diabetes pathophysiology and associated metabolic disorders; thus, interest has increased in targeting inflammation to prevent and control diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is known as a neurodegenerative and vascular disease that occurs after some years of poorly controlled diabetes. However, increasing evidence points to inflammation as a key figure in diabetes-associated retinal complications. Interconnected molecular pathways, such as oxidative stress, and the formation of advanced glycation end-products, are known to contribute to the inflammatory response. This review describes the possible mechanisms of the metabolic changes in diabetes that involve inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guzel Bikbova
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Pushkin Street 90, Ufa 450077, Russia
| | - Toshiyuki Oshitari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 4-3 Kozunomori, Narita 286-8686, Japan
| | - Mukharram Bikbov
- Ufa Eye Research Institute, Pushkin Street 90, Ufa 450077, Russia
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3
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Slepchenko KG, Chen S, Corbin KL, Colvin RA, Nunemaker CS. The use of synchrotron X-ray fluorescent imaging to study distribution and content of elements in chemically fixed single cells: a case study using mouse pancreatic beta-cells. Metallomics 2023; 15:mfad006. [PMID: 36737500 PMCID: PMC9933206 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfad006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence microscopy (SXRF) presents a valuable opportunity to study the metallome of single cells because it simultaneously provides high-resolution subcellular distribution and quantitative cellular content of multiple elements. Different sample preparation techniques have been used to preserve cells for observations with SXRF, with a goal to maintain fidelity of the cellular metallome. In this case study, mouse pancreatic beta-cells have been preserved with optimized chemical fixation. We show that cell-to-cell variability is normal in the metallome of beta-cells due to heterogeneity and should be considered when interpreting SXRF data. In addition, we determined the impact of several immunofluorescence (IF) protocols on metal distribution and quantification in chemically fixed beta-cells and found that the metallome of beta-cells was not well preserved for quantitative analysis. However, zinc and iron qualitative analysis could be performed after IF with certain limitations. To help minimize metal loss using samples that require IF, we describe a novel IF protocol that can be used with chemically fixed cells after the completion of SXRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira G Slepchenko
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Si Chen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Kathryn L Corbin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Robert A Colvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
| | - Craig S Nunemaker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA
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4
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Mellado M, Roldán N, Miranda R, Aguilar LF, Bravo MA, Quiroz W. Sensitive fluorescent chemosensor for Hg(II) in aqueous solution using 4'-dimethylaminochalcone. J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1449-1456. [PMID: 35441925 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02941-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is an element with high toxicity, especially to the nervous system, and fluorescent pigments are used to visualize dynamic processes in living cells. A little explored fluorescent core is chalcone. Herein, we synthesized chalcone (2E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (8) and assessed its photophysical properties. Moreover, the application of this chemosensor in aqueous media shows a selective fluorescence quenching effect with Hg(II). The figures of merit for the chemosensor were calculated to be LOD = 136 nM and LOQ = 454 nM, as well as a stoichiometry of 1:1. Furthermore, the association constant (Ka) and fluorescence quenching constant (KSV) were calculated using the Benesi-Hildebrand and Stern-Volmer equations to be Ka= 9.08 × 104 and KSV= 1.60 × 105, respectively. Finally, by using a computational approach, we explain the interaction between chalcone (8) and Hg(II) and propose a potential quenching mechanism based on the blocking of photoinduced electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Mellado
- Instituto de Investigación y Postgrado, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, 8330507, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Nicole Roldán
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad #330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Miranda
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad #330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Luis F Aguilar
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad #330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Manuel A Bravo
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad #330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Waldo Quiroz
- Instituto de Química, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Av. Universidad #330, Curauma, Valparaíso, Chile.
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5
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Subirana MA, Riemschneider S, Hause G, Dobritzsch D, Schaumlöffel D, Herzberg M. High spatial resolution imaging of subcellular macro and trace element distribution during phagocytosis. Metallomics 2022; 14:6530650. [PMID: 35179212 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The bioavailability of trace elements in the course of evolution had an essential influence on the emergence of life itself. This is reflected in the co-evolution between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. In this study, the influence and cellular distribution of bioelements during phagocytosis at the host-pathogen interface was investigated using high-resolution nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS) and quantitative inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). In the eukaryotic murine macrophages (RAW 264.7 cell line), the cellular Fe / Zn ratio was found to be balanced, whereas the dominance of iron in the prokaryotic cells of the pathogen Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis was about 90% compared to zinc. This confirms the evolutionary increased zinc requirement of the eukaryotic animal cell. Using NanoSIMS, the Cs+ primary ion source allowed high spatial resolution mapping of cell morphology down to subcellular level. At a comparable resolution, several low abundant trace elements could be mapped during phagocytosis with a RF plasma O- primary ion source. An enrichment of copper and nickel could be detected in the prokaryotic cells. Surprisingly, an accumulation of cobalt in the area of nuclear envelope was observed indicating an interesting but still unknown distribution of this trace element in murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Angels Subirana
- CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France
| | - Sina Riemschneider
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Gerd Hause
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Biozentrum, Weinbergweg 22, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Dobritzsch
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Core Facility - Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3a, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dirk Schaumlöffel
- CNRS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64000 Pau, France.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Mklukho-Maklaya str. 6, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Martin Herzberg
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute for Biology/Microbiology, Kurt-Mothes-Str. 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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6
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Hu Y, Fu QY, Fu DN, Wang XL, Wang ZH, Zhang JT, Xu WJ, Zhou GK, Chen LH, Liu T. The Role of Transient Receptor Potential A1 and G Protein-Coupled Receptor 39 in Zinc-Mediated Acute and Chronic Itch in Mice. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 14:768731. [PMID: 35095413 PMCID: PMC8790520 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.768731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Itching is a common symptom of many skin or systemic diseases and has a negative impact on the quality of life. Zinc, one of the most important trace elements in an organism, plays an important role in the regulation of pain. Whether and how zinc regulates itching is largely unclear. Herein, we explored the role of Zn2+ in the regulation of acute and chronic itch in mice. It is found that intradermal injection (i.d.) of Zn2+ dose-dependently induced acute itch and transient receptor potential A1 (TRPA1) participated in Zn2+-induced acute itch in mice. Moreover, the pharmacological analysis showed the involvement of histamine, mast cells, opioid receptors, and capsaicin-sensitive C-fibers in Zn2+-induced acute itch in mice. Systemic administration of Zn2+ chelators, such as N,N,N′,N′-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN), pyrithione, and clioquinol were able to attenuate both acute itch and dry skin-induced chronic itch in mice. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) analysis showed that the messenger RNA (mRNA) expression levels of zinc transporters (ZIPs and ZnTs) significantly changed in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) under dry skin-induced chronic itch condition in mice. Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway was induced in the DRG and skin by the administration of zinc or under dry skin condition, which was inhibited by systemic administration of Zn2+ chelators. Finally, we found that the expression of GPR39 (a zinc-sensing GPCR) was significantly upregulated in the dry skin mice model and involved in the pathogenesis of chronic itch. Together, these results indicated that the TRPA1/GPR39/ERK axis mediated the zinc-induced itch and, thus, targeting zinc signaling may be a promising strategy for anti-itch therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qing-Yue Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan-Ni Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xue-Long Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Capital Medical University Electric Power Teaching Hospital Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Hong Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and Institute of Neuroscience, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Zhang
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Wen-Jing Xu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Guo-Kun Zhou
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Li-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Li-Hua Chen
| | - Tong Liu
- Institute of Pain Medicine and Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- College of Life Sciences, Yanan University, Yan'an, China
- Suzhou Key Laboratory of Intelligent Medicine and Equipment, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Tong Liu
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7
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Cheng R, Dhorajia VV, Kim J, Kim Y. Mitochondrial iron metabolism and neurodegenerative diseases. Neurotoxicology 2022; 88:88-101. [PMID: 34748789 PMCID: PMC8748425 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Iron is a key element for mitochondrial function and homeostasis, which is also crucial for maintaining the neuronal system, but too much iron promotes oxidative stress. A large body of evidence has indicated that abnormal iron accumulation in the brain is associated with various neurodegenerative diseases such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Friedreich's ataxia. However, it is still unclear how irregular iron status contributes to the development of neuronal disorders. Hence, the current review provides an update on the causal effects of iron overload in the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases and discusses important roles of mitochondrial iron homeostasis in these disease conditions. Furthermore, this review discusses potential therapeutic targets for the treatments of iron overload-linked neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiying Cheng
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA
| | | | - Jonghan Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA.
| | - Yuho Kim
- Department of Physical Therapy and Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Lowell, USA.
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8
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Zinc Signaling in the Mammary Gland: For Better and for Worse. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9091204. [PMID: 34572390 PMCID: PMC8469023 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9091204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc (Zn2+) plays an essential role in epithelial physiology. Among its many effects, most prominent is its action to accelerate cell proliferation, thereby modulating wound healing. It also mediates affects in the gastrointestinal system, in the testes, and in secretory organs, including the pancreas, salivary, and prostate glands. On the cellular level, Zn2+ is involved in protein folding, DNA, and RNA synthesis, and in the function of numerous enzymes. In the mammary gland, Zn2+ accumulation in maternal milk is essential for supporting infant growth during the neonatal period. Importantly, Zn2+ signaling also has direct roles in controlling mammary gland development or, alternatively, involution. During breast cancer progression, accumulation or redistribution of Zn2+ occurs in the mammary gland, with aberrant Zn2+ signaling observed in the malignant cells. Here, we review the current understanding of the role of in Zn2+ the mammary gland, and the proteins controlling cellular Zn2+ homeostasis and signaling, including Zn2+ transporters and the Gq-coupled Zn2+ sensing receptor, ZnR/GPR39. Significant advances in our understanding of Zn2+ signaling in the normal mammary gland as well as in the context of breast cancer provides new avenues for identification of specific targets for breast cancer therapy.
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9
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Decelle J, Veronesi G, LeKieffre C, Gallet B, Chevalier F, Stryhanyuk H, Marro S, Ravanel S, Tucoulou R, Schieber N, Finazzi G, Schwab Y, Musat N. Subcellular architecture and metabolic connection in the planktonic photosymbiosis between Collodaria (radiolarians) and their microalgae. Environ Microbiol 2021; 23:6569-6586. [PMID: 34499794 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosymbiosis is widespread and ecologically important in the oceanic plankton but remains poorly studied. Here, we used multimodal subcellular imaging to investigate the photosymbiosis between colonial Collodaria and their microalga dinoflagellate (Brandtodinium). We showed that this symbiosis is very dynamic whereby symbionts interact with different host cells via extracellular vesicles within the colony. 3D electron microscopy revealed that the photosynthetic apparatus of the microalgae was more voluminous in symbiosis compared to free-living while the mitochondria volume was similar. Stable isotope probing coupled with NanoSIMS showed that carbon and nitrogen were stored in the symbiotic microalga in starch granules and purine crystals respectively. Nitrogen was also allocated to the algal nucleolus. In the host, low 13 C transfer was detected in the Golgi. Metal mapping revealed that intracellular iron concentration was similar in free-living and symbiotic microalgae (c. 40 ppm) and twofold higher in the host, whereas copper concentration increased in symbionts and was detected in the host cell and extracellular vesicles. Sulfur concentration was around two times higher in symbionts (chromatin and pyrenoid) than their host. This study improves our understanding on the functioning of this oceanic photosymbiosis and paves the way for more studies to further assess its biogeochemical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Decelle
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France.,Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux (LCBM), UMR 5249 CNRS-CEA-UGA, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,CEA, LCBM, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,Université Grenoble Alpes, LCBM, F-38054, Grenoble, France.,ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), University Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, 38044, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabien Chevalier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sophie Marro
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche (LOV), UMR 7093, Observatoire Océanologique, 06230, Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Stéphane Ravanel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71, Avenue des Martyrs, 38043, Grenoble, France
| | - Nicole Schieber
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRAe, IRIG-LPCV, Grenoble, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niculina Musat
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
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10
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Tardillo Suárez V, Gallet B, Chevallet M, Jouneau PH, Tucoulou R, Veronesi G, Deniaud A. Correlative transmission electron microscopy and high-resolution hard X-ray fluorescence microscopy of cell sections to measure trace element concentrations at the organelle level. J Struct Biol 2021; 213:107766. [PMID: 34216761 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2021.107766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Metals are essential for life and their concentration and distribution in organisms are tightly regulated. Indeed, in their free form, most transition metal ions are toxic. Therefore, an excess of physiologic metal ions or the uptake of non-physiologic metal ions can be highly detrimental to the organism. It is thus fundamental to understand metal distribution under physiological, pathological or environmental conditions, for instance in metal-related pathologies or upon environmental exposure to metals. Elemental imaging techniques can serve this purpose, by allowing the visualization and the quantification of metal species in tissues down to the level of cell organelles. Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray fluorescence (SR-XRF) microscopy is one of the most sensitive techniques to date, and great progress was made to reach nanoscale spatial resolution. Here we propose a correlative method to couple SR-XRF to electron microscopy (EM), with the possibility to quantify selected elemental contents in a specific organelle of interest with 50 × 50 nm2 raster scan resolution. We performed EM and SR-XRF on the same section of hepatocytes exposed to silver nanoparticles, in order to identify mitochondria through EM and visualize Ag co-localized with these organelles through SR-XRF. We demonstrate the accumulation of silver in mitochondria, which can reach a 10-fold higher silver concentration compared to the surrounding cytosol. The sample preparation and experimental setup can be adapted to other scientific questions, making the correlative use of SR-XRF and EM suitable to address a large panel of biological questions related to metal homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, CEA, CNRS, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Mireille Chevallet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron. 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron. 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38000 Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Aurélien Deniaud
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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11
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Lilay GH, Persson DP, Castro PH, Liao F, Alexander RD, Aarts MGM, Assunção AGL. Arabidopsis bZIP19 and bZIP23 act as zinc sensors to control plant zinc status. NATURE PLANTS 2021. [PMID: 33594269 DOI: 10.1101/2020.06.29.177287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants and animals owing to its structural and catalytic roles in many proteins1. Zn deficiency affects around 2 billion people, mainly those who live on plant-based diets relying on crops from Zn-deficient soils2,3. Plants maintain adequate Zn levels through tightly regulated Zn homeostasis mechanisms involving Zn uptake, distribution and storage4, but evidence of how they sense Zn status is lacking. Here, we use in vitro and in planta approaches to show that the Arabidopsis thaliana F-group bZIP transcription factors bZIP19 and bZIP23, which are the central regulators of the Zn deficiency response, function as Zn sensors by binding Zn2+ ions to a Zn-sensor motif. Deletions or modifications of this Zn-sensor motif disrupt Zn binding, leading to a constitutive transcriptional Zn deficiency response, which causes a significant increase in plant and seed Zn accumulation. As the Zn-sensor motif is highly conserved in F-group bZIP proteins across land plants, the identification of this plant Zn sensor will promote new strategies to improve the Zn nutritional quality of plant-derived food and feed, and contribute to tackling the global Zn-deficiency health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grmay H Lilay
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Daniel P Persson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Pedro Humberto Castro
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Feixue Liao
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ross D Alexander
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Institute for Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geosciences, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark G M Aarts
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana G L Assunção
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.
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12
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Lilay GH, Persson DP, Castro PH, Liao F, Alexander RD, Aarts MGM, Assunção AGL. Arabidopsis bZIP19 and bZIP23 act as zinc sensors to control plant zinc status. NATURE PLANTS 2021; 7:137-143. [PMID: 33594269 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-021-00856-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient for plants and animals owing to its structural and catalytic roles in many proteins1. Zn deficiency affects around 2 billion people, mainly those who live on plant-based diets relying on crops from Zn-deficient soils2,3. Plants maintain adequate Zn levels through tightly regulated Zn homeostasis mechanisms involving Zn uptake, distribution and storage4, but evidence of how they sense Zn status is lacking. Here, we use in vitro and in planta approaches to show that the Arabidopsis thaliana F-group bZIP transcription factors bZIP19 and bZIP23, which are the central regulators of the Zn deficiency response, function as Zn sensors by binding Zn2+ ions to a Zn-sensor motif. Deletions or modifications of this Zn-sensor motif disrupt Zn binding, leading to a constitutive transcriptional Zn deficiency response, which causes a significant increase in plant and seed Zn accumulation. As the Zn-sensor motif is highly conserved in F-group bZIP proteins across land plants, the identification of this plant Zn sensor will promote new strategies to improve the Zn nutritional quality of plant-derived food and feed, and contribute to tackling the global Zn-deficiency health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grmay H Lilay
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Daniel P Persson
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Pedro Humberto Castro
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Feixue Liao
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Ross D Alexander
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Institute for Life and Earth Sciences, School of Energy, Geosciences, Infrastructure and Society, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Mark G M Aarts
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ana G L Assunção
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Copenhagen Plant Science Centre, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.
- CIBIO-InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, Vairão, Portugal.
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Pancreatic Islets Accumulate Cadmium in a Rodent Model of Cadmium-Induced Hyperglycemia. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010360. [PMID: 33396420 PMCID: PMC7796358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is an anthropogenic as well as a naturally occurring toxicant associated with prediabetes and T2DM in humans and experimental models of Cd exposure. However, relatively few studies have examined the mechanism(s) of Cd-induced hyperglycemia. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of pancreatic islets in Cd-induced hyperglycemia. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were given daily subcutaneous doses of Cd at 0.6 mg/kg over 12 weeks. There was a resulting time-dependent increase in fasting blood glucose and altered insulin release in vitro. Islets isolated from control (saline-treated) and Cd-treated animals were incubated in low (0.5 mg/mL) or high (3 mg/mL) glucose conditions. Islets from 12 week Cd-treated animals had significantly less glucose-stimulated insulin release compared to islets from saline-treated control animals. The actual Cd content of isolated islets was 5 fold higher than the whole pancreas (endocrine + exocrine) and roughly 70% of that present in the renal cortex. Interestingly, islets isolated from Cd-treated animals and incubated in high glucose conditions contained significantly less Cd and zinc than those incubated in low glucose. These results show that within whole pancreatic tissue, Cd selectively accumulates in pancreatic islets and causes altered islet function that likely contributes to dysglycemia.
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Nano-imaging trace elements at organelle levels in substantia nigra overexpressing α-synuclein to model Parkinson's disease. Commun Biol 2020; 3:364. [PMID: 32647232 PMCID: PMC7347932 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-1084-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sub-cellular trace element quantifications of nano-heterogeneities in brain tissues offer unprecedented ways to explore at elemental level the interplay between cellular compartments in neurodegenerative pathologies. We designed a quasi-correlative method for analytical nanoimaging of the substantia nigra, based on transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence. It combines ultrastructural identifications of cellular compartments and trace element nanoimaging near detection limits, for increased signal-to-noise ratios. Elemental composition of different organelles is compared to cytoplasmic and nuclear compartments in dopaminergic neurons of rat substantia nigra. They exhibit 150–460 ppm of Fe, with P/Zn/Fe-rich nucleoli in a P/S-depleted nuclear matrix and Ca-rich rough endoplasmic reticula. Cytoplasm analysis displays sub-micron Fe/S-rich granules, including lipofuscin. Following AAV-mediated overexpression of α-synuclein protein associated with Parkinson’s disease, these granules shift towards higher Fe concentrations. This effect advocates for metal (Fe) dyshomeostasis in discrete cytoplasmic regions, illustrating the use of this method to explore neuronal dysfunction in brain diseases. Lemelle et al. describe the use of TEM and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence for quasi-correlative nanoimaging and sub-cellular trace element quantification of rat brain tissue. They further observe elemental (iron and sulfur) dyshomeostasis in cytoplasmic granules when overexpressing α-synuclein protein associated with Parkinson’s disease, demonstrating the usefulness of this method to further explore dysfunctions at organelle levels in brain diseases.
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15
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Role of Minerals and Trace Elements in Diabetes and Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061864. [PMID: 32585827 PMCID: PMC7353202 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Minerals and trace elements are micronutrients that are essential to the human body but present only in traceable amounts. Nonetheless, they exhibit well-defined biochemical functions. Deficiencies in these micronutrients are related to widespread human health problems. This review article is focused on some of these minerals and trace element deficiencies and their consequences in diabetes and insulin resistance. The levels of trace elements vary considerably among different populations, contingent on the composition of the diet. In several Asian countries, large proportions of the population are affected by a number of micronutrient deficiencies. Local differences in selenium, zinc, copper, iron, chromium and iodine in the diet occur in both developed and developing countries, largely due to malnutrition and dependence on indigenous nutrition. These overall deficiencies and, in a few cases, excess of essential trace elements may lead to imbalances in glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. The most extensive problems affecting one billion people or more worldwide are associated with inadequate supply of a number of minerals and trace elements including iodine, selenium, zinc, calcium, chromium, cobalt, iron, boron and magnesium. This review comprises various randomized controlled trials, cohort and case-controlled studies, and observational and laboratory-based studies with substantial outcomes of micronutrient deficiencies on diabetes and insulin resistance in diverse racial inhabitants from parts of Asia, Africa, and North America. Changes in these micronutrient levels in the serum and urine of subjects may indicate the trajectory toward metabolic changes, oxidative stress and provide disease-relevant information.
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16
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Subcellular Chemical Imaging: New Avenues in Cell Biology. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:173-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Victor TW, O'Toole KH, Easthon LM, Ge M, Smith RJ, Huang X, Yan H, Chu YS, Chen S, Gursoy D, Ralle M, Imperiali B, Allen KN, Miller LM. Lanthanide-Binding Tags for 3D X-ray Imaging of Proteins in Cells at Nanoscale Resolution. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2145-2149. [PMID: 31923358 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
We report the application of lanthanide-binding tags (LBTs) for two- and three-dimensional X-ray imaging of individual proteins in cells with a sub-15 nm beam. The method combines encoded LBTs, which are tags of minimal size (ca. 15-20 amino acids) affording high-affinity lanthanide ion binding, and X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM). This approach enables visualization of LBT-tagged proteins while simultaneously measuring the elemental distribution in cells at a spatial resolution necessary for visualizing cell membranes and eukaryotic subcellular organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany W Victor
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794 , United States
| | - Katherine H O'Toole
- Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Lindsey M Easthon
- Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Randy J Smith
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Hanfei Yan
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Yong S Chu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States
| | - Si Chen
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Doga Gursoy
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60298 , United States
| | - Martina Ralle
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics , Oregon Health Science University , Portland , Oregon 97239 , United States
| | - Barbara Imperiali
- Department of Biology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Karen N Allen
- Department of Chemistry , Boston University , Boston , Massachusetts 02215 , United States
| | - Lisa M Miller
- National Synchrotron Light Source II , Brookhaven National Laboratory , Upton , New York 11973 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794 , United States
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18
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Fus F, Yang Y, Lee HZS, Top S, Carriere M, Bouron A, Pacureanu A, da Silva JC, Salmain M, Vessières A, Cloetens P, Jaouen G, Bohic S. Intracellular Localization of an Osmocenyl‐Tamoxifen Derivative in Breast Cancer Cells Revealed by Synchrotron Radiation X‐ray Fluorescence Nanoimaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201812336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Florin Fus
- EA 7442, Laboratoire Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche MédicaleUniversité Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | - Yang Yang
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | | | - Siden Top
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Marie Carriere
- Univ. Grenoble Grenoble AlpesCEACNRS, INAC-SyMMES, CIBEST 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Alexandre Bouron
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR CNRS 5249Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, BIG Grenoble France
| | | | | | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Anne Vessières
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Peter Cloetens
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | - Gérard Jaouen
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
- PSLChimie ParisTech 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- EA 7442, Laboratoire Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche MédicaleUniversité Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
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19
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Fus F, Yang Y, Lee HZS, Top S, Carriere M, Bouron A, Pacureanu A, da Silva JC, Salmain M, Vessières A, Cloetens P, Jaouen G, Bohic S. Intracellular Localization of an Osmocenyl‐Tamoxifen Derivative in Breast Cancer Cells Revealed by Synchrotron Radiation X‐ray Fluorescence Nanoimaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:3461-3465. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201812336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Florin Fus
- EA 7442, Laboratoire Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche MédicaleUniversité Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | - Yang Yang
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | | | - Siden Top
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Marie Carriere
- Univ. Grenoble Grenoble AlpesCEACNRS, INAC-SyMMES, CIBEST 38000 Grenoble France
| | - Alexandre Bouron
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, UMR CNRS 5249Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, BIG Grenoble France
| | | | | | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Anne Vessières
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
| | - Peter Cloetens
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
| | - Gérard Jaouen
- Sorbonne UniversitéCNRSInstitut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM) 75005 Paris France
- PSLChimie ParisTech 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France
| | - Sylvain Bohic
- EA 7442, Laboratoire Rayonnement Synchrotron et Recherche MédicaleUniversité Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France
- European Synchrotron Radiation FacilityID16A beamline, ESRF Grenoble France
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20
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Decelle J, Stryhanyuk H, Gallet B, Veronesi G, Schmidt M, Balzano S, Marro S, Uwizeye C, Jouneau PH, Lupette J, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Schwab Y, Schieber NL, Tucoulou R, Richnow H, Finazzi G, Musat N. Algal Remodeling in a Ubiquitous Planktonic Photosymbiosis. Curr Biol 2019; 29:968-978.e4. [PMID: 30827917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosymbiosis between single-celled hosts and microalgae is common in oceanic plankton, especially in oligotrophic surface waters. However, the functioning of this ecologically important cell-cell interaction and the subcellular mechanisms allowing the host to accommodate and benefit from its microalgae remain enigmatic. Here, using a combination of quantitative single-cell structural and chemical imaging techniques (FIB-SEM, nanoSIMS, Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence), we show that the structural organization, physiology, and trophic status of the algal symbionts (the haptophyte Phaeocystis) significantly change within their acantharian hosts compared to their free-living phase in culture. In symbiosis, algal cell division is blocked, photosynthesis is enhanced, and cell volume is increased by up to 10-fold with a higher number of plastids (from 2 to up to 30) and thylakoid membranes. The multiplication of plastids can lead to a 38-fold increase of the total plastid volume in a cell. Subcellular mapping of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and their stoichiometric ratios shows that symbiotic algae are impoverished in phosphorous and suggests a higher investment in energy-acquisition machinery rather than in growth. Nanoscale imaging also showed that the host supplies a substantial amount of trace metals (e.g., iron and cobalt), which are stored in algal vacuoles at high concentrations (up to 660 ppm). Sulfur mapping reveals a high concentration in algal vacuoles that may be a source of antioxidant molecules. Overall, this study unveils an unprecedented morphological and metabolic transformation of microalgae following their integration into a host, and it suggests that this widespread symbiosis is a farming strategy wherein the host engulfs and exploits microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Decelle
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux UMR 5249, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergio Balzano
- NIOZ, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, and Utrecht University, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Marro
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche UMR7093, Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Clarisse Uwizeye
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Jouneau
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole L Schieber
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Hans Richnow
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Niculina Musat
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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21
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Figon F, Casas J. Ommochromes in invertebrates: biochemistry and cell biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2019; 94:156-183. [PMID: 29989284 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 06/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ommochromes are widely occurring coloured molecules of invertebrates, arising from tryptophan catabolism through the so-called Tryptophan → Ommochrome pathway. They are mainly known to mediate compound eye vision, as well as reversible and irreversible colour patterning. Ommochromes might also be involved in cell homeostasis by detoxifying free tryptophan and buffering oxidative stress. These biological functions are directly linked to their unique chromophore, the phenoxazine/phenothiazine system. The most recent reviews on ommochrome biochemistry were published more than 30 years ago, since when new results on the enzymes of the ommochrome pathway, on ommochrome photochemistry as well as on their antiradical capacities have been obtained. Ommochromasomes are the organelles where ommochromes are synthesised and stored. Hence, they play an important role in mediating ommochrome functions. Ommochromasomes are part of the lysosome-related organelles (LROs) family, which includes other pigmented organelles such as vertebrate melanosomes. Ommochromasomes are unique because they are the only LRO for which a recycling process during reversible colour change has been described. Herein, we provide an update on ommochrome biochemistry, photoreactivity and antiradical capacities to explain their diversity and behaviour both in vivo and in vitro. We also highlight new biochemical techniques, such as quantum chemistry, metabolomics and crystallography, which could lead to major advances in their chemical and functional characterisation. We then focus on ommochromasome structure and formation by drawing parallels with the well-characterised melanosomes of vertebrates. The biochemical, genetic, cellular and microscopic tools that have been applied to melanosomes should provide important information on the ommochromasome life cycle. We propose LRO-based models for ommochromasome biogenesis and recycling that could be tested in the future. Using the context of insect compound eyes, we finally emphasise the importance of an integrated approach in understanding the biological functions of ommochromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florent Figon
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
| | - Jérôme Casas
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l'Insecte, UMR CNRS 7261, Université de Tours, 37200 Tours, France
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22
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Victor TW, Easthon LM, Ge M, O'Toole KH, Smith RJ, Huang X, Yan H, Allen KN, Chu YS, Miller LM. X-ray Fluorescence Nanotomography of Single Bacteria with a Sub-15 nm Beam. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13415. [PMID: 30194316 PMCID: PMC6128931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31461-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) microscopy is a growing approach for imaging the trace element concentration, distribution, and speciation in biological cells at the nanoscale. Moreover, three-dimensional nanotomography provides the added advantage of imaging subcellular structure and chemical identity in three dimensions without the need for staining or sectioning of cells. To date, technical challenges in X-ray optics, sample preparation, and detection sensitivity have limited the use of XRF nanotomography in this area. Here, XRF nanotomography was used to image the elemental distribution in individual E. coli bacterial cells using a sub-15 nm beam at the Hard X-ray Nanoprobe beamline (HXN, 3-ID) at NSLS-II. These measurements were simultaneously combined with ptychography to image structural components of the cells. The cells were embedded in small (3-20 µm) sodium chloride crystals, which provided a non-aqueous matrix to retain the three-dimensional structure of the E. coli while collecting data at room temperature. Results showed a generally uniform distribution of calcium in the cells, but an inhomogeneous zinc distribution, most notably with concentrated regions of zinc at the polar ends of the cells. This work demonstrates that simultaneous two-dimensional ptychography and XRF nanotomography can be performed with a sub-15 nm beam size on unfrozen biological cells to co-localize elemental distribution and nanostructure simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany W Victor
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | | | - Mingyuan Ge
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | | | - Randy J Smith
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Xiaojing Huang
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Hanfei Yan
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Karen N Allen
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Yong S Chu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Lisa M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA.
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23
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Battistella C, Yang Y, Chen J, Klok HA. Synthesis and Postpolymerization Modification of Fluorine-End-Labeled Poly(Pentafluorophenyl Methacrylate) Obtained via RAFT Polymerization. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9710-9721. [PMID: 31459100 PMCID: PMC6644891 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chain-end-labeled polymers are interesting for a range of applications. In polymer nanomedicine, chain-end-labeled polymers are useful to study and help understand cellular internalization and intracellular trafficking processes. The recent advent of fluorescent label-free techniques, such as nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), provides access to high-resolution intracellular mapping that can complement information obtained using fluorescent-labeled materials and confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Using poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA) as a prototypical polymer nanomedicine, this paper presents a synthetic strategy to polymers that contain trace element labels, such as fluorine, which can be used for NanoSIMS analysis. The strategy presented in this paper is based on reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of pentafluorophenyl methacrylate (PFMA) mediated by two novel chain-transfer agents (CTAs), which contain either one (α) or two (α,ω) fluorine labels. In the first part of this study, via a number of polymerization experiments, the polymerization properties of the fluorinated RAFT CTAs were established. 19F NMR spectroscopy revealed that these fluorinated RAFT agents possess unique spectral signatures, which allow to directly monitor RAFT agent conversion and measure end-group fidelity. Comparison with 4-cyanopentanoic acid dithiobenzoate, which is a standard CTA for the RAFT polymerization of PFMA, revealed that the introduction of one or two fluorine labels does not significantly affect the polymerization properties of the CTA. In the last part of this paper, a proof-of-concept study is presented that demonstrates the feasibility of the fluorine-labeled poly(pentafluorophenyl methacrylate) polymers as platforms for the postpolymerization modification to generate PHPMA-based polymer nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Battistella
- Institut
des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yuejiao Yang
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 200444 Shanghai, China
| | - Harm-Anton Klok
- Institut
des Matériaux et Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie
Chimiques, Laboratoire des Polymères, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Bâtiment MXD, Station 12, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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24
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Faucher S, Soulé S, Bulteau AL, Allouche J, Lespes G. Gold and silver quantification from gold-silver nanoshells in HaCaT cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2018; 47:70-78. [PMID: 29544810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A method to determine total gold (Au) and/or silver (Ag) elemental concentrations from gold nanoparticles, Au-Ag nanoshells (NS) and silica coated Au-Ag nanoshells was developed, evaluated and validated. Samples were mineralized in a mixture of concentrated aqua regia and hydrofluoric acid at 65 °C for 4 h. Mineralized solutions were diluted and standard solutions were prepared in aqua regia 5%. ICP-MS analysis was performed with or without the use of a reaction cell (CRC). For the determination of elemental concentrations of nanopowders and test suspensions, the average recovery was 99 ± 2% and 101 ± 2% for gold and silver respectively. The repeatability was evaluated by the Relative Standard Deviation (RSD). The overall analytical RSD was ≤4% (n = 3) and the RSD associated to ICP-MS analysis was ≤2% (n = 10). The limits of detection were 0.005 and 0.002 μg(element) L-1 (analyzed solution), and the limits of quantitation 0.017 and 0.005 μg(element) L-1 (analyzed solution), for 197Au and 109Ag respectively. The Ag/Au mass ratios of the NS in the different samples considered were all equal to (0.93 ± 0.04). From this information, the average thickness of gold and silver layers in the nanoshells was deduced, being 7.5 ± 0.5 and 23 ± 3 nm respectively. Finally, the developed method was successfully applied to in vitro studies to evaluate NS cellular uptake in HaCaT keratinocyte cells confirming the method robustness toward biological medium. Experiments in cell culture medium gave coherent concentrations, 70-100% of uncoated or silica-coated NS being recovered, distributed between the culture medium and the cells (internalized). The analytical repeatability (over the whole procedure, or that of the ICP-MS analysis only) remains in the same order of magnitude as in test suspensions. Minimum concentrations less than or equal to 1 μg(element) g-1(suspension) were determined with the same accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Faucher
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France.
| | - Samantha Soulé
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Anne-Laure Bulteau
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France; Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon (IGFL) - ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Joachim Allouche
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France
| | - Gaëtane Lespes
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux (IPREM), UMR 5254, Helioparc, 2 Avenue Pierre Angot, 64053 Pau, France.
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25
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New EJ, Wimmer VC, Hare DJ. Promises and Pitfalls of Metal Imaging in Biology. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 25:7-18. [PMID: 29153850 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A picture may speak a thousand words, but if those words fail to form a coherent sentence there is little to be learned. As cutting-edge imaging technology now provides us the tools to decipher the multitude of roles played by metals and metalloids in molecular, cellular, and developmental biology, as well as health and disease, it is time to reflect on the advances made in imaging, the limitations discovered, and the future of a burgeoning field. In this Perspective, the current state of the art is discussed from a self-imposed contrarian position, as we not only highlight the major advances made over the years but use them as teachable moments to zoom in on challenges that remain to be overcome. We also describe the steps being taken toward being able to paint a completely undisturbed picture of cellular metal metabolism, which is, metaphorically speaking, the Holy Grail of the discipline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J New
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Verena C Wimmer
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Dominic J Hare
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Elemental Bio-imaging Facility, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia; Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.
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26
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Bafaro E, Liu Y, Xu Y, Dempski RE. The emerging role of zinc transporters in cellular homeostasis and cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2017; 2:17029. [PMID: 29218234 PMCID: PMC5661630 DOI: 10.1038/sigtrans.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient that plays a role in the structural or enzymatic functions of many cellular proteins. Cellular zinc homeostasis involves the opposing action of two families of metal transporters: the ZnT (SLC30) family that functions to reduce cytoplasmic zinc concentrations and the ZIP (SLC39) family that functions to increase cytoplasmic zinc concentrations. Fluctuations in intracellular zinc levels mediated by these transporter families affect signaling pathways involved in normal cell development, growth, differentiation and death. Consequently, changes in zinc transporter localization and function resulting in zinc dyshomeostasis have pathophysiological effects. Zinc dyshomeostasis has been implicated in the progression of cancer. Here we review recent progress toward understanding the structural basis for zinc transport by ZnT and ZIP family proteins, as well as highlight the roles of zinc as a signaling molecule in physiological conditions and in various cancers. As zinc is emerging as an important signaling molecule in the development and progression of cancer, the ZnT and ZIP transporters that regulate cellular zinc homeostasis are promising candidates for targeted cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Bafaro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yuting Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Robert E Dempski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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27
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Chevallet M, Veronesi G, Fuchs A, Mintz E, Michaud-Soret I, Deniaud A. Impact of labile metal nanoparticles on cellular homeostasis. Current developments in imaging, synthesis and applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:1566-1577. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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28
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Lemelle L, Simionovici A, Schoonjans T, Tucoulou R, Enrico E, Salomé M, Hofmann A, Cavalazzi B. Analytical requirements for quantitative X-ray fluorescence nano-imaging of metal traces in solid samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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29
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A quantitative approach for Cd, Cu, Fe and Mn through laser ablation imaging for evaluating the translocation and accumulation of metals in sunflower seeds. Talanta 2017; 167:317-324. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 02/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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30
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Jin Q, Paunesku T, Lai B, Gleber SC, Chen SI, Finney L, Vine D, Vogt S, Woloschak G, Jacobsen C. Preserving elemental content in adherent mammalian cells for analysis by synchrotron-based x-ray fluorescence microscopy. J Microsc 2016; 265:81-93. [PMID: 27580164 PMCID: PMC5217071 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Trace metals play important roles in biological function, and x-ray fluorescence microscopy (XFM) provides a way to quantitatively image their distribution within cells. The faithfulness of these measurements is dependent on proper sample preparation. Using mouse embryonic fibroblast NIH/3T3 cells as an example, we compare various approaches to the preparation of adherent mammalian cells for XFM imaging under ambient temperature. Direct side-by-side comparison shows that plunge-freezing-based cryoimmobilization provides more faithful preservation than conventional chemical fixation for most biologically important elements including P, S, Cl, K, Fe, Cu, Zn and possibly Ca in adherent mammalian cells. Although cells rinsed with fresh media had a great deal of extracellular background signal for Cl and Ca, this approach maintained cells at the best possible physiological status before rapid freezing and it does not interfere with XFM analysis of other elements. If chemical fixation has to be chosen, the combination of 3% paraformaldehyde and 1.5 % glutaraldehyde preserves S, Fe, Cu and Zn better than either fixative alone. When chemically fixed cells were subjected to a variety of dehydration processes, air drying was proved to be more suitable than other drying methods such as graded ethanol dehydration and freeze drying. This first detailed comparison for x-ray fluorescence microscopy shows how detailed quantitative conclusions can be affected by the choice of cell preparation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoling Jin
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Tatjana Paunesku
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Barry Lai
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
| | | | - S I Chen
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Lydia Finney
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - David Vine
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Stefan Vogt
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Gayle Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A
| | - Chris Jacobsen
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences, Evanston, Illinois, U.S.A.,Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A
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31
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Malucelli E, Fratini M, Notargiacomo A, Gianoncelli A, Merolle L, Sargenti A, Cappadone C, Farruggia G, Lagomarsino S, Iotti S. Where is it and how much? Mapping and quantifying elements in single cells. Analyst 2016; 141:5221-35. [PMID: 27441316 DOI: 10.1039/c6an01091a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The biological function of a chemical element in cells not only requires the determination of its intracellular quantity, but also the spatial distribution of its concentration. Different strategies can be employed to quantify and map the intracellular concentration of elements in single cells. The assessment of the intracellular elemental concentration, which is the relevant information, requires the measurement of cell volume. This challenging and demanding task requires combining different techniques allowing gathering of both morphological and compositional information on the same cell. Moreover, the need to analyse samples more similar to their natural state requires complex hardware equipment, and supplementary efforts in preparation protocols. Nevertheless, the response to the question: "where is it and how much?" is worth all these efforts. This review aims at providing an insight into the recent and most advanced techniques and strategies for quantifying and mapping chemical elements in single cells. We describe and discuss indirect detection techniques (label based) which make use of fluorescent dyes, and direct ones (label free), such as particle induced X-ray emission, proton backscattering spectrometry, scanning transmission ion spectrometry, nano-secondary ion mass spectrometry, X-ray fluorescence microscopy, complemented by X-ray imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil Malucelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy.
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