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Wu M, Wang Y, Zhang S, Xiang Y. A LBD transcription factor from moso bamboo, PheLBD12, regulates plant height in transgenic rice. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 114:95. [PMID: 39223419 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01487-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The regulation mechanism of bamboo height growth has always been one of the hotspots in developmental biology. In the preliminary work of this project, the function of LBD transcription factor regulating height growth was firstly studied. Here, a gene PheLBD12 regulating height growth was screened. PheLBD12-overexpressing transgenic rice had shorter internodes, less bioactive gibberellic acid (GA3), and were more sensitive to GA3 than wild-type (WT) plants, which implied that PheLBD12 involve in gibberellin (GA) pathway. The transcript levels of OsGA2ox3, that encoding GAs deactivated enzyme, was significantly enhanced in PheLBD12-overexpressing transgenic rice. The transcript levels of OsAP2-39, that directly regulating the expression of EUI1 to reduce GA levels, was also significantly enhanced in PheLBD12-overexpressing transgenic rice. Expectedly, yeast one-hybrid assays, Dual-luciferase reporter assay and EMSAs suggested that PheLBD12 directly interacted with the promoter of OsGA2ox3 and OsAP2-39. Together, our results reveal that PheLBD12 regulates plant height growth by modulating GA catabolism. Through the research of this topic, it enriches the research content of LBD transcription factors and it will theoretically enrich the research content of height growth regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resource and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yufang Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resource and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Shunran Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resource and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Forest Resource and Silviculture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Li T, Lin Z, Zhu C, Yang K, Sun H, Li H, Wang J, Gao Z. Identification and characterization of FBA genes in moso bamboo reveals PeFBA8 related to photosynthetic carbon metabolism. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:132885. [PMID: 38838894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a pivotal enzyme, which plays a critical role in fixing CO2 through the process of in the Calvin cycle. In this study, a comprehensive exploration of the FBA family genes in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) was conducted by the bioinformatics and biological analyses. A total of nine FBA genes (PeFBA1-PeFBA9) were identified in the moso bamboo genome. The expression patterns of PeFBAs across diverse tissues of moso bamboo suggested that they have multifaceted functionality. Notably, PeFBA8 might play an important role in regulating photosynthetic carbon metabolism. Co-expression and cis-element analyses demonstrated that PeFBA8 was regulated by a photosynthetic regulatory transcription factor (PeGLK1), which was confirmed by yeast one-hybrid and dual-luciferase assays. In-planta gene editing analysis revealed that the edited PeFBA8 mutants displayed compromised photosynthetic functionality, characterized by reduced electron transport rate and impaired photosystem I, leading to decreased photosynthesis rate overall, compared to the unedited control. The recombinant protein of PeFBA8 from prokaryotic expression exhibited enzymatic catalytic function. The findings suggest that the expression of PeFBA8 can affect photosynthetic efficiency of moso bamboo leaves, which underlines the potential of leveraging PeFBA8's regulatory mechanism to breed bamboo varieties with enhanced carbon fixation capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiankuo Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zeming Lin
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China; Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China.
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3
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Sun H, Li H, Huang M, Gao Z. Expression and function analysis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes involved in Bamboo lignin biosynthesis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14444. [PMID: 39005134 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Bamboo, renowned as the fastest-growing plant globally, matures within an astonishingly short period of 40-50 days from shoots, reaching heights of 10-20 meters. Moreover, it can be harvested for various uses within 3-5 years. Bamboo exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, characterized by high hardness and flexibility, largely attributed to its lignin content. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) catalyzes the crucial initial step in lignin biosynthesis, but its precise role in bamboo lignification processes remains elusive. Thus, elucidating the functions of PAL genes in bamboo lignification processes is imperative for understanding its rapid growth and mechanical strength. Here, we systematically identified and classified PAL genes in Moso bamboo, ensuring nomenclature consistency across prior studies. Subsequently, we evaluated PAL gene expression profiles using publicly available transcriptome data. The downregulation of PePALs expression in Moso bamboo through in planta gene editing resulted in a decrease in PAL activity and a subsequent reduction in lignin content. In contrast, overexpression of PePAL led to enhanced PAL activity and an increase in lignin content. These findings highlight the critical role of PAL in the lignin biosynthesis process of Moso bamboo, which will help to unravel the mechanism underpinning bamboo's rapid growth and mechanical strength, with a specific emphasis on elucidating the functions of PAL genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Sanya Research Base, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Sanya, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Huang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Sanya Research Base, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Sanya, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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Zhu C, Lin Z, Yang K, Lou Y, Liu Y, Li T, Li H, Di X, Wang J, Sun H, Li Y, Li X, Gao Z. A bamboo 'PeSAPK4-PeMYB99-PeTIP4-3' regulatory model involved in water transport. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 243:195-212. [PMID: 38708439 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Water plays crucial roles in expeditious growth and osmotic stress of bamboo. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of water transport remains unclear. In this study, an aquaporin gene, PeTIP4-3, was identified through a joint analysis of root pressure and transcriptomic data in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). PeTIP4-3 was highly expressed in shoots, especially in the vascular bundle sheath cells. Overexpression of PeTIP4-3 could increase drought and salt tolerance in transgenic yeast and rice. A co-expression pattern of PeSAPK4, PeMYB99 and PeTIP4-3 was revealed by WGCNA. PeMYB99 exhibited an ability to independently bind to and activate PeTIP4-3, which augmented tolerance to drought and salt stress. PeSAPK4 could interact with and phosphorylate PeMYB99 in vivo and in vitro, wherein they synergistically accelerated PeTIP4-3 transcription. Overexpression of PeMYB99 and PeSAPK4 also conferred drought and salt tolerance in transgenic rice. Further ABA treatment analysis indicated that PeSAPK4 enhanced water transport in response to stress via ABA signaling. Collectively, an ABA-mediated cascade of PeSAPK4-PeMYB99-PeTIP4-3 is proposed, which governs water transport in moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Zeming Lin
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Yongfeng Lou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, 330032, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Tiankuo Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xiaolin Di
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Huayu Sun
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Xueping Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing, 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
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5
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Cao T, Shi M, Zhang J, Ji H, Wang X, Sun J, Chen Z, Li Q, Song X. Nitrogen fertilization practices alter microbial communities driven by clonal integration in Moso bamboo. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 924:171581. [PMID: 38461973 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilization is crucial for maintaining plant productivity. Clonal plants can share resources between connected ramets through clonal integration influencing microbial communities and regulating soil biogeochemical cycling, especially in the rhizosphere. However, the effect of various N fertilization practices on microbial communities in the rhizosphere of clonal ramets remain unknown. In this study, clonal fragments of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), consisting of a parent ramet, an offspring ramet, and an interconnecting rhizome, were established in the field. NH4NO3 solution was applied to the parent, offspring ramets or rhizomes to investigate the effect of fertilization practices on the structure and function of rhizosphere microbial communities. The differences in N availability, microbial biomass and community composition, and abundance of nitrifying genes among rhizosphere soils of ramets gradually decreased during the rapid growth of Moso bamboo, irrespective of fertilization practice. The soil N availability variation, particularly in NO3-, caused by fertilization practices altered the rhizosphere microbial community. Soil N availability and stable microbial biomass N in parent fertilization were the highest, being 9.0 % and 18.7 %, as well as 60.8 % and 90.4 % higher than rhizome and offspring fertilizations, respectively. The microbial network nodes and links in rhizome fertilization were 1.8 and 7.5 times higher than in parent and offspring fertilization, respectively. However, the diversity of bacterial community and abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying genes were the highest in offspring fertilization among three practices, which may be associated with increased N loss. Collectively, the rhizosphere microbial community characteristics depended on fertilization practices by altering the clonal integration of N in Moso bamboo. Parent and rhizome fertilization were favorable for N retention in plant-soil system and resulted in more stable microbial functions than offspring fertilization. Our findings provide new insights into precision fertilization for the sustainable Moso bamboo forest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Man Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Hangxiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jilei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhenxiong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xinzhang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
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Li T, Li H, Zhu C, Yang K, Lin Z, Wang J, Gao Z. Unveiling the Biological Function of Phyllostachys edulis FBA6 ( PeFBA6) through the Identification of the Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase Gene. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:968. [PMID: 38611497 PMCID: PMC11013174 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a pivotal enzyme in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Calvin cycle. It plays a critical role in CO2 fixation. Building on previous studies on the FBA gene family in Moso bamboo, our study revealed the biological function of PeFBA6. To identify CSN5 candidate genes, this study conducted a yeast two-hybrid library screening experiment. Subsequently, the interaction between CSN5 and PeFBA6 was verified using yeast two-hybrid and LCI experiments. This investigation uncovered evidence that FBA may undergo deubiquitination to maintain glycolytic stability. To further assess the function of PeFBA6, it was overexpressed in rice. Various parameters were determined, including the light response curve, CO2 response curve, and the levels of glucose, fructose, sucrose, and starch in the leaves of overexpressing rice. The results demonstrated that overexpressed rice exhibited a higher saturation light intensity, net photosynthetic rate, maximum carboxylation rate, respiration rate, and increased levels of glucose, fructose, and starch than wild-type rice. These findings indicated that PeFBA6 not only enhanced the photoprotection ability of rice but also improved the photosynthetic carbon metabolism. Overall, this study enhanced our understanding of the function of FBA and revealed the biological function of PeFBA6, thereby providing a foundation for the development of excellent carbon fixation bamboo varieties through breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiankuo Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Chenglei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Kebin Yang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zeming Lin
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiangfei Wang
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing on Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, Beijing 100102, China
- Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
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Wu C, Cheng Z, Gao J. Mysterious Bamboo flowering phenomenon: A literature review and new perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 911:168695. [PMID: 38000754 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo, a globally distributed non-timber forest resource, plays a critical role in local ecosystems and economies. Despite its significance, the understanding of bamboo's long and unpredictable flowering cycles remains limited. Our bibliometric analysis of bamboo flowering-related literature from the Web of Science database reveals an initial focus on regeneration studies, with a recent trend shifting towards microscopic and molecular perspectives. Furthermore, our narrative review emphasizes the importance of considering factors such as the proportion of flowering culms and the duration of flowering in classifying bamboo flowering phenomena. While numerous studies have endorsed the predator saturation hypothesis as a suitable explanation for the synchronicity of bamboo flowering, no existing theory explains bamboo's prolonged flowering cycles. We propose a new natural selection hypothesis as a potential explanation for these extraordinary cycles, underscoring the need for further research in this area. Despite the substantial volume of data accumulated on bamboo flowering, these resources have not been fully exploited in recent research. Future studies would benefit from more comprehensive data collection methods, encompassing field observations, satellite remote sensing data, and omics data. The convergence of traditional ecological studies with molecular techniques may pave the way for significant advancements in bamboo flowering research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhanchao Cheng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, PR China.
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Sardar MF, Chen Z, Tang C, Zhang S, Fang L, Miao D, Li Y, Zhang Q, Li Y. Seasonal linkages between soil nitrogen mineralization and the microbial community in broadleaf forests with Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) invasion. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 899:165557. [PMID: 37478938 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant invasions significantly alter the microbiome of the soil in terms of fungal and bacterial communities, which in turn regulates ecosystem processes and nutrient dynamics. However, it is unclear how soil microbial communities, nitrogen (N) mineralization, and their linkages respond to plant invasions over the growing season in forest ecosystems. The present study investigated the seasonal associations between the microbial composition/function and net N mineralization in evergreen broadleaf, mixed bamboo-broadleaf, and Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests, depicting uninvaded, moderately invaded, and heavily invaded forests, respectively. The ammonification and nitrification rates in the bamboo forest were significantly higher than those in the broadleaf and mixed bamboo-broadleaf forests during the spring season only. The forest type and seasonal variation significantly influenced the net rates of ammonification and nitrification and the abundances of bacterial apr and AOB amoA, fungal cbhI and lcc genes, as well as the microbial composition. Moreover, the partial least squares path model revealed that bamboo invasion enhanced net ammonification through increasing total N and fungal-to-bacterial ratio, and enhanced net nitrification through modifying the bacterial composition and increasing the fungal-to-bacterial ratio during spring. However, microbial parameters had no significant effect on net ammonification and nitrification during autumn. We conclude that shifts in the microbial abundance and composition following bamboo invasion facilitated soil N mineralization during spring, contributing to the rapid growth of Moso bamboo at the beginning of the growth season and its invasion into adjacent subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Fahad Sardar
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Zhihao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Caixian Tang
- La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia
| | - Shouke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Li Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Danni Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yongfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yongchun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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9
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Gong C, Zeng X, Zhu X, Huang W, Compson ZG, Ren Z, Ran H, Song Q, Yang Q, Huang D, Liu J. Bamboo expansion promotes radial growth of surviving trees in a broadleaf forest. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1242364. [PMID: 37771496 PMCID: PMC10525704 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1242364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Considerable evidence indicates that some trees are more vulnerable than others during bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) expansion, which can affect plant community structure and alter the environment, but there has been insufficient research on the growth status of surviving individuals in colonized forests. Methods In this study, we compared the annual growth increment, growth rate, and onset, cessation, and duration of radial growth of Alniphyllum fortunei, Machilus pauhoi, and Castanopsis eyrei in a bamboo-expended broadleaf forest (BEBF) and a bamboo-absent broadleaf forest (BABF) using high-resolution point dendrometers. Results We found that the annual radial growth of A. fortunei, M. pauhoi, and C. eyrei was 22.5%, 172.2%, and 59.3% greater in BEBF than in BABF, respectively. The growth rates of M. pauhoi and C. eyrei in BEBF were significantly higher than in BABF by13.9 μm/d and 19.6 μm/d, whereas A. fortunei decreased significantly by 7.9 μm/d from BABF to BEBF. The onset and cessation of broad-leaf tree growth was later, and the growth duration was longer in BEBF compared to BABF. For example, A. fortunei and M. pauhoi in BEBF had more than one month longer growth duration than in BABF. Additionally, the nighttime growth rates of some surviving broad-leaf trees in BEBF was significantly higher than that in BABF. Discussion These results suggest that the surviving trees have plasticity and can adapt to atmospheric changes and competitive relationships after expansion of bamboo in one of two ways: by increasing their growth rates or by modifying onset and cessation of growth to extend the growth duration of trees or avoid the period of intense competition with bamboo, thereby growing better. Our research reveals for the first time how the growth of surviving broad-leaf trees adjusts to bamboo expansion. These results provide insights into how biological expansions impact primary production and have implications for forest management in the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gong
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zeng
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xianglong Zhu
- Department of Scientific Research, Administration of Jiangxi Qiyunshan Nature Reserve, Ganzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Scientific Research, Administration of Jiangxi Qiyunshan Nature Reserve, Ganzhou, China
| | - Zacchaeus G. Compson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Advanced Environmental Research Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Zewen Ren
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Huan Ran
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingni Song
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qingpei Yang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Dongmei Huang
- School of Humanities and Public Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, College of Forestry, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Liufu Y, Xi F, Wu L, Zhang Z, Wang H, Wang H, Zhang J, Wang B, Kou W, Gao J, Zhao L, Zhang H, Gu L. Inhibition of DNA and RNA methylation disturbs root development of moso bamboo. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 43:1653-1674. [PMID: 37294626 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpad074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation (5mC) and N6-methyladenosine (m6A) are two important epigenetics regulators, which have a profound impact on plant growth development. Phyllostachys edulis (P. edulis) is one of the fastest spreading plants due to its well-developed root system. However, the association between 5mC and m6A has seldom been reported in P. edulis. In particular, the connection between m6A and several post-transcriptional regulators remains uncharacterized in P. edulis. Here, our morphological and electron microscope observations showed the phenotype of increased lateral root under RNA methylation inhibitor (DZnepA) and DNA methylation inhibitor (5-azaC) treatment. RNA epitranscriptome based on Nanopore direct RNA sequencing revealed that DZnepA treatment exhibits significantly decreased m6A level in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR), which was accompanied by increased gene expression, full-length ratio, higher proximal poly(A) site usage and shorter poly(A) tail length. DNA methylation levels of CG and CHG were reduced in both coding sequencing and transposable element upon 5-azaC treatment. Cell wall synthesis was impaired under methylation inhibition. In particular, differentially expressed genes showed a high percentage of overlap between DZnepA and 5-azaC treatment, which suggested a potential correlation between two methylations. This study provides preliminary information for a better understanding of the link between m6A and 5mC in root development of moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Liufu
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Feihu Xi
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Lin Wu
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Zeyu Zhang
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Baijie Wang
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Wenjing Kou
- College of Forestry, Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, State Forestry Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Liangzhen Zhao
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hangxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo and Rattan Science and Technology, State Forestry Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Lianfeng Gu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, School of Future Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, No. 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou City, Fujian Province 350002, China
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11
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Wang S, Epron D, Kobayashi K, Takanashi S, Dannoura M. Sources of carbon supporting the fast growth of developing immature moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) culms: inference from carbon isotopes and anatomy. AOB PLANTS 2023; 15:plad046. [PMID: 37497441 PMCID: PMC10368343 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plad046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Phyllostachys edulis is a spectacularly fast-growing species that completes its height growth within 2 months after the shoot emerges without producing leaves (fast-growing period, FGP). This phase was considered heterotrophic, with the carbon necessary for the growth being transferred from the mature culms via the rhizomes, although previous studies observed key enzymes and anatomical features related to C4-carbon fixation in developing culms. We tested whether C4-photosynthesis or dark-CO2 fixation through anaplerotic reactions significantly contributes to the FGP, resulting in differences in the natural abundance of δ13C in bulk organic matter and organic compounds. Further, pulse-13CO2-labelling was performed on developing culms, either from the surface or from the internal hollow, to ascertain whether significant CO2 fixation occurs in developing culms. δ13C of young shoots and developing culms were higher (-26.3 to -26.9 ‰) compared to all organs of mature bamboos (-28.4 to -30.1 ‰). Developing culms contained chlorophylls, most observed in the skin tissues. After pulse-13CO2-labelling, the polar fraction extracted from the skin tissues was slightly enriched in 13C, and only a weak 13C enrichment was observed in inner tissues. Main carbon source sustaining the FGP was not assimilated by the developing culm, while a limited anaplerotic fixation of respired CO2 cannot be excluded and is more likely than C4-photosynthetic carbon fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel Epron
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Keito Kobayashi
- Kansai Research Centre, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 68 Momoyamacho Nagaikyutaro, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-0855, Japan
| | - Satoru Takanashi
- Kansai Research Centre, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 68 Momoyamacho Nagaikyutaro, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto 612-0855, Japan
| | - Masako Dannoura
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa Oiwake-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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Yuan N, Wang E, Lv S, Tang X, Wang T, Wang G, Zhou Y, Zhou G, Shi Y, Xu L. Degradation reduces greenhouse gas emissions while weakening ecosystem carbon sequestration of Moso bamboo forests. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162915. [PMID: 36933713 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla cv. Pubescens) is well known for its high capacity to sequester atmospheric carbon, which has a unique role to play in combating global warming. Many Moso bamboo forests are gradually degrading due to rising labor costs and falling prices for bamboo timber. However, the mechanisms of carbon sequestration of Moso bamboo forest ecosystems in response to degradation are unclear. In this study, a space-for-time substitution approach was used to select Moso bamboo forest plots with the same origin and similar stand types, but different years of degradation, and four degradation sequences, continuous management (CK), 2 years of degradation (D-I), 6 years of degradation (D-II) and 10 years of degradation (D-III). A total of 16 survey sample plots were established based on the local management history files. After a 12-month monitoring, the response characteristics of soil greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions, vegetation, and soil organic carbon sequestration in different degradation sequences were evaluated to reveal the differences in the ecosystem carbon sequestration. The results indicated that under D-I, D-II, and D-III, the global warming potential (GWP) of soil GHG emissions decreased by 10.84 %, 17.75 %, and 31.02 %, while soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration increased by 2.82 %, 18.11 %, and 4.68 %, and vegetation carbon sequestration decreased by 17.30 %, 33.49 %, and 44.76 %, respectively. In conclusion, compared to CK, the ecosystem carbon sequestration was reduced by 13.79 %, 22.42 %, and 30.31 %, respectively. This suggests that degradation reduces soil GHG emissions but weakens the ecosystem carbon sequestration capability. Therefore, in the background of global warming and the strategic goal of carbon neutrality, restorative management of degraded Moso bamboo forests is critically needed to improve the carbon sequestration potential of the ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Enhui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Shaofeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Tongying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China.
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13
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Zhao J, Cai C. Effects of physiological integration on nitrogen use efficiency of moso bamboo in homogeneous and heterogeneous environments. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1203881. [PMID: 37384361 PMCID: PMC10295134 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1203881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Moso bamboo is one of the important clonal plants with complex underground rhizome-root system. Ramets connected by rhizome can translocate and share nitrogen (N), which may affect the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of moso bamboo. The aims of this study were to investigate the mechanisms of N physiological integration and its relationship with NUE of moso bamboo. Methods A pot experiment was conducted to trace the movement of 15N between the connected ramets of moso bamboo in both homogeneous and heterogeneous N environments. Results Results showed that N translocation within clonal fragments of moso bamboo was detected in both homogeneous and heterogeneous environments. The intensity of physiological integration (IPI) was significantly lower in homogeneous environments than that in heterogeneous environments. 15N translocation between the connected ramtes of moso bamboo was determined by the source-sink relationship in heterogeneous environments, and the 15N allocation of the fertilized ramet was higher than that of the connected unfertilized ramet. The NUE of connected treatment was significantly higher than that of severed treatment, which suggested that physiological integration significantly improved the NUE of moso bamboo. In addition, the NUE of moso bamboo was significantly higher in heterogeneous environments than that in homogeneous environments. The contribution rate of physiological integration (CPI) on NUE in heterogeneous environments was significantly higher than that in homogenous environments. Discussion These results will provide theoretical basis for precision fertilization in moso bamboo forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiancheng Zhao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Bamboo Research, Northwest Zhejiang Bamboo Forest Ecosystem Positioning Observation and Research Station, Zhejiang Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chunju Cai
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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14
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Wu C, Bai Y, Cao Z, Xu J, Xie Y, Zheng H, Jiang J, Mu C, Cheng W, Fang H, Gao J. Plasticity in the Morphology of Growing Bamboo: A Bayesian Analysis of Exogenous Treatment Effects on Plant Height, Internode Length, and Internode Numbers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1713. [PMID: 37111934 PMCID: PMC10145155 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Sucrose (Suc) and gibberellin (GA) can promote the elongation of certain internodes in bamboo. However, there is a lack of field studies to support these findings and no evidence concerning how Suc and GA promote the plant height of bamboo by regulating the internode elongation and number. We investigated the plant height, the length of each internode, and the total number of internodes of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) under exogenous Suc, GA, and control group (CTRL) treatments in the field and analyzed how Suc and GA affected the height of Moso bamboo by promoting the internode length and number. The lengths of the 10th-50th internodes were significantly increased under the exogenous Suc and GA treatments, and the number of internodes was significantly increased by the exogenous Suc treatment. The increased effect of Suc and GA exogenous treatment on the proportion of longer internodes showed a weakening trend near the plant height of 15-16 m compared with the CTRL, suggesting that these exogenous treatments may be more effective in regions where bamboo growth is suboptimal. This study demonstrated that both the exogenous Suc and GA treatments could promote internode elongation of Moso bamboo in the field. The exogenous GA treatment had a stronger effect on internode elongation, and the exogenous Suc treatment had a stronger effect on increasing the internode numbers. The increase in plant height by the exogenous Suc and GA treatments was promoted by the co-elongation of most internodes or the increase in the proportion of longer internodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Wu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Yucong Bai
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Zhihua Cao
- Anhui Academy of Forestry, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Junlei Xu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Yali Xie
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Huifang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Jutang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Changhong Mu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Wenlong Cheng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Hui Fang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
| | - Jian Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology/International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China; (C.W.); (Y.B.); (J.X.); (Y.X.); (J.J.); (C.M.); (W.C.); (H.F.)
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Guo W, Cherubini P, Zhang J, Li MH, Qi L. Leaf stomatal traits rather than anatomical traits regulate gross primary productivity of moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) stands. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1117564. [PMID: 36998690 PMCID: PMC10043342 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1117564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Leaf stomatal and anatomical traits strongly influence plant productivity. Understanding the environmental adaptation mechanisms of leaf stomatal and anatomical traits and their relationship with ecosystem productivity is essential to better understand and predict the long-term adaptation strategies to climate change of moso bamboo forests. Here, we selected 6 sites within the moso bamboo distribution area, measured 3 leaf stomatal traits and 10 leaf anatomical traits of unmanaged moso bamboo stands. We explored the spatial variation characteristics of these traits and their response to environmental changes, assessed the relationships among these traits at regional scales through network analysis, and tested the direct and indirect effects of environmental, leaf stomatal and anatomical traits on gross primary productivity (GPP) of bamboo stands using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that both climate and soil factors significantly affected leaf stomatal and anatomical traits of moso bamboo. Solar radiation (SR) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) out of the climatic factors were the key drivers of variation in leaf stomatal and anatomical traits, respectively. Soil moisture and nutrients out of the soil properties significantly affected both leaf stomatal and anatomical traits of moso bamboo. Network analysis further indicated that there was a significant correlation between leaf stomata and anatomical traits. Stomatal size (SS) showed the highest centrality value at the regional scale, indicating that it plays a key role in adjusting the adaptation of plants to external environmental conditions. SEM analysis showed that environment did not directly but indirectly affect GPP via stomatal performance. The environment explained 53.3% and 39.2% of the variation in leaf stomatal and anatomical traits, respectively, and leaf stomatal traits explained 20.8% of the regional variation in GPP. Our results demonstrate a direct effect of leaf stomatal traits rather than leaf anatomical traits on bamboo ecosystem productivity, which provides new insights into model predictions of bamboo forests under global climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Guo
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Cherubini
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Department of Forest and Conservation Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Mai-He Li
- Forest Dynamics, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
- Key Laboratory of Geographical Processes and Ecological Security in Changbai Mountains, Ministry of Education, School of Geographical Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- School of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Lianghua Qi
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration/Beijing Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
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16
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Song Y, Peng C, Wu Q, Tao S, Mei T, Sun Z, Zuo Z, Pan C, Zhou Y, Zhou G. Age effects of Moso bamboo on leaf isoprene emission characteristics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1132717. [PMID: 36959949 PMCID: PMC10028176 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1132717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Isoprene is a highly reactive volatile organic compound that significantly affects atmospheric oxidant capacity, regional air quality, and climate change. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a species widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in China, is a strong isoprene emitter with great potential for carbon sequestration. Carbon sequestration is negatively correlated with culm age; however, the effect of this correlation on isoprene emissions remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the photosynthetic and isoprene emission characteristics of Moso bamboo at different culm ages. The results showed that the age effect on isoprene emission was different from that on photosynthesis; the net photosynthesis rate (Pn) was the highest in young, followed by mature, and then old bamboo, whereas the isoprene emission rate (Iso) was the highest in young, followed by old, and then mature bamboo. Moreover, the percentage of carbon loss as isoprene emission (C-loss) during photosynthesis of old bamboo was 35% higher than that of mature bamboo under standard conditions (leaf temperature: 30°C; light intensity: 1000 µmol m-2 s-1). Therefore, we strongly recommend considering the culm age when establishing an isoprene emission model of Moso bamboo. Additionally, because the Iso and C-loss of old bamboo were higher than those of mature bamboo, we suggest that attention should be paid to the management of bamboo age structure and timely felling of aged bamboo to reduce environmental risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yandong Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Chunju Peng
- Wenzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qinjiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shijie Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhihong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhaojiang Zuo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Li K, Ji L, Xing Y, Zuo Z, Zhang L. Data-Independent Acquisition Proteomics Reveals the Effects of Red and Blue Light on the Growth and Development of Moso Bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) Seedlings. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065103. [PMID: 36982175 PMCID: PMC10049362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Moso bamboo is a rapidly growing species with significant economic, social, and cultural value. Transplanting moso bamboo container seedlings for afforestation has become a cost-effective method. The growth and development of the seedlings is greatly affected by the quality of light, including light morphogenesis, photosynthesis, and secondary metabolite production. Therefore, studies on the effects of specific light wavelengths on the physiology and proteome of moso bamboo seedlings are crucial. In this study, moso bamboo seedlings were germinated in darkness and then exposed to blue and red light conditions for 14 days. The effects of these light treatments on seedling growth and development were observed and compared through proteomics analysis. Results showed that moso bamboo has higher chlorophyll content and photosynthetic efficiency under blue light, while it displays longer internode and root length, more dry weight, and higher cellulose content under red light. Proteomics analysis reveals that these changes under red light are likely caused by the increased content of cellulase CSEA, specifically expressed cell wall synthetic proteins, and up-regulated auxin transporter ABCB19 in red light. Additionally, blue light is found to promote the expression of proteins constituting photosystem II, such as PsbP and PsbQ, more than red light. These findings provide new insights into the growth and development of moso bamboo seedlings regulated by different light qualities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Luyao Ji
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yaoyun Xing
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zecheng Zuo
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China
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Zhang X, Huang Z, Zhong Z, Li Q, Bian F, Yang C. Metagenomic insights into the characteristics of soil microbial communities in the decomposing biomass of Moso bamboo forests under different management practices. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1051721. [PMID: 36590390 PMCID: PMC9797724 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1051721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Considering the rapid growth and high biomass productivity, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) has high carbon (C) sequestration potential, and different management practices can strongly modify its C pools. Soil microorganisms play an important role in C turnover through dead plant and microbial biomass degradation. To date, little is known about how different management practices affect microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) and their responses to dead biomass degradation. Methods Based on metagenomics analysis, this study analyzed CAZymes in three comparable stands from each Moso bamboo plantation: undisturbed (M0), extensively managed (M1), and intensively managed (M2). Results The results showed that the number of CAZymes encoding plant-derived component degradation was higher than that encoding microbe-derived component degradation. Compared with the M0, the CAZyme families encoding plant-derived cellulose were significantly (p < 0.05) high in M2 and significantly (p < 0.05) low in M1. For microbe-derived components, the abundance of CAZymes involved in the bacterial-derived peptidoglycan was higher than that in fungal-derived components (chitin and glucans). Furthermore, M2 significantly increased the fungal-derived chitin and bacterial-derived peptidoglycan compared to M0, whereas M1 significantly decreased the fungal-derived glucans and significantly increased the bacterial-derived peptidoglycan. Four bacterial phyla (Acidobacteria, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, and Chloroflexi) mainly contributed to the degradation of C sources from the plant and microbial biomass. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and mantel test suggested the abundance of CAZyme encoding genes for plant and microbial biomass degradation are significantly correlated with soil pH, total P, and available K. Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) showed that management practices indirectly affect the CAZyme encoding genes associated with plant and microbial biomass degradation by regulating the soil pH and nutrients (total N and P), respectively. Discussion Our study established that M2 and M1 impact dead biomass decomposition and C turnover, contributing to decreased C accumulation and establishing that the bacterial community plays the main role in C turnover in bamboo plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheke Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangyuan Bian
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanbao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, China
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Huang Z, Li Q, Gai X, Zhang X, Zhong Z, Bian F, Yang C. Effects of on- and off-year management practices on the soil organic C fractions and microbial community in a Moso bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis) forest in subtropical China. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1020344. [PMID: 36570912 PMCID: PMC9780457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
On- and off-year management practices are usually adopted in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forests to achieve higher productivity. However, little is known about the effects of these management practices on soil C sequestration and microbial community structure. In the present study, soil nutrient content, organic C fractions, and bacterial and fungal communities were comparatively investigated in on- and off-year bamboo stands. The results showed that soil organic C (SOC), alkali-hydrolyzable N (AN), and available P (AP) in the on-year were significantly lower (p ≤ 0.05) than those in the off-year. Among the different soil organic C fractions, easily oxidizable organic C (EOC), microbial biomass C (MBC), Ca-bound SOC (Ca-SOC), and Fe/Al-bound SOC (Fe/Al-SOC) also had significantly higher contents in the off-year than in the on-year, with MBC and EOC decreasing by 56.3% and 24.5%, respectively, indicating that both active and passive soil organic C pools increased in the off-year. However, the alpha diversities of both soil bacteria and fungi were significantly lower in the off-year soils than in the on-year soils. The bacterial taxa Actinobacteria, Planctomycetes, WPS-2, Acidothermus, Candidatus_Solibacter, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, and Candidatus_Xiphinematobacter were increased in off-year soils relative to on-year soils. Meanwhile, fungal taxa Ascomycota, Mortierella, Hypocrea, Cryptococcus, Clitopilus, and Ceratocystis were significantly increased in on-year soils. Soil pH, SOC, AP, MBC, EOC, and Ca-SOC were significantly correlated with bacterial and fungal communities, with soil pH being the most important driving factor for the shift in bacterial and fungal communities. Our findings showed that the studied bamboo forest possessed an inherent restorative ability in the off-year, which can reverse the soil nutrient and C depletion in the on-years and ensure soil fertility in the long term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Huang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiaoling Li
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xu Gai
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Biochar of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheke Zhong
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fangyuan Bian
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chuanbao Yang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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20
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Zheng Y, Fan S, Guan F, Zhang X, Zhou X. Characteristics of the litter dynamics in a Moso bamboo forest after strip clearcutting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064529. [PMID: 36570956 PMCID: PMC9773826 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The quality of new Moso bamboo trees has been found to decrease in the years following strip cutting (SC) events. It is thus essential that we improve our knowledge of nutrient return after strip cutting in Moso bamboo forests to help facilitate sustainable management. METHODS In this investigation the dynamics of nutrient return were monitored in plots with 8 m wide strip cutting (SC), their reserve belts (RB), and a traditionally managed forest (CK) as the control, for 5 years after cutting. RESULTS The results showed that strip cutting significantly reduced nutrient return (p< 0.05), but as the plots recovered, the nutrient levels also recovered to match those of the control. The high densities in the RB no longer increase nutrient return. Five years after SC there was no significant difference in nitrogen and phosphorus returns among the three treatment plots, but potassium returns in the SC plot were significantly higher than those in the RB (p< 0.05). From 2-5 years after cutting, the litter decomposition rate in the RB was significantly higher than in the SC and CK (p< 0.05). In addition, the decomposition rate in the SC plot was significantly accelerated five years after logging, which suggests that long-term strip cutting management may lead to the restriction of nutrients on the growth and development of new trees. DISCUSSION The results indicate that nutrients should be added via artificial fertilization in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Shaohui Fan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Fengying Guan
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
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Zheng Y, Fan S, Zhou X, Zhang X, Guan F. Dynamics of stand productivity in Moso bamboo forest after strip cutting. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1064232. [PMID: 36388473 PMCID: PMC9659897 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1064232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Strip cutting can effectively reduce the cutting cost of bamboo forests and promote the transformation and upgradation of bamboo forests through mechanization and modernization. Despite the rapid accumulation of Moso bamboo biomass, the dynamics of five years changes in stand characteristics and productivity after cutting remain unclear. This is critical for formulating efficient bamboo forest management measures. In this paper, plots with an 8 m width strip cut (SC) and respective reserved belts (RB) were selected as the research object, and the traditional management forest (CK) as control. The dynamic characteristics of stand, biomass distribution pattern, and productivity change in the different treatment plots were studied for 5 years after cutting. The results showed that cutting increased the number of shoots and new bamboo, and decreased the diameter at breast height, height to crown base, and height of new bamboo (p<0.05). Cutting reduces the productivity of both SC and RB, and allocates more biomass to the bamboo leaves to capture light in SC (p<0.05). Over time, the characteristics of new bamboo in SC reached the level of CK, and the density of standing bamboo, and productivity, were higher than those in CK. However, the number and productivity of new bamboo decreased significantly in the RB (p<0.05), which reflected the density restriction effect of bamboo forest. Further analysis showed that the increase in productivity in SC and CK was mainly from Moso bamboo at II and III "du", which positively correlated with the soil contents of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus. It was suggested that after three On-year restorations, the SC could reach the level of CK, however it is necessary to density manage RB from the second On-year after cutting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxiong Zheng
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Shaohui Fan
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhou
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
| | - Fengying Guan
- International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing, China
- National Location Observation and Research Station of the Bamboo Forest Ecosystem in Yixing, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Yixing, China
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Zheng H, Bai Y, Li X, Song H, Cai M, Cheng Z, Mu S, Li J, Gao J. Photosynthesis, Phytohormone Signaling and Sugar Catabolism in the Culm Sheaths of Phyllostachys edulis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2866. [PMID: 36365317 PMCID: PMC9655093 DOI: 10.3390/plants11212866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Culm sheaths play an important role in supporting and protecting bamboo shoots during the growth and development period. The physiological and molecular functions of bamboo sheaths during the growth of bamboo shoots remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the morphological anatomy of culm sheaths, photosynthesis in sheath blades, storage and distribution of sugars, and the transcriptome of the sheath. Respiration in the base of the culm sheath was higher than that in the sheath blades; chloroplasts matured with the development of the sheath blades, the fluorescence efficiency Fv/Fm value increased from 0.3 to 0.82; and sucrose and hexose accumulated in the sheath blade and the culm sheath. The sucrose, glucose, and fructose contents of the middle sheath blades were 10.66, 5.73, and 8.84 mg/g FW, respectively. Starches accumulated in parenchymal cells close to vascular bundles. Genes related to the plant hormone signaling pathway and sugar catabolism were highly expressed in the culm sheath base. These findings provide a research basis for further understanding the possible role of bamboo sheaths in the growth and development of bamboo shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jian Gao
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-8478-9801
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Huang W, Ding Y, Wang S, Song C, Wang F. Growth and Development Responses of the Rhizome-Root System in Pleioblastus pygmaeus to Light Intensity. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172204. [PMID: 36079587 PMCID: PMC9459886 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Light, as a primary source of energy, directly or indirectly influences virtually all morphological modifications occurring in both shoots and roots. A pot experiment was conducted to assess the growth patterns of one-year-old Pleioblastus pygmaeus plants’ rhizome-root systems and their responses to different light intensities from 11 March to 26 December 2016. The experiment design scheme was 3.87% (L1), 11.25% (L2), 20.25% (L3), 38.76% (L4), 60.70% (L5), and 100% full sunlight (control CK). The results indicated that along the growing period from March to December, eight of the eleven studied parameters of the rhizome-root system showed significant variability and diverse growth patterns. In addition, light intensity is a key factor for determining P. pygmaeus plants’ rhizome and root growth. Specifically, the light intensity had a significant, positive, and linear/or almost linear impact on the number of old and new rhizomes, old rhizome length, new rhizome diameter, as well as the culm root diameter. A nonlinear and positive relationship was found between light intensity and the listed three parameters, i.e., new rhizome length, new rhizome internode length, and rhizome root length. The value of the above-mentioned three parameters significantly increased when affected from 0% to 40–60% of full sunlight and then gradually increased until 100% of full sunlight. The ratio of aboveground dry weight to underground dry weight (A/U ratio) showed a single peak curve with increasing light intensity and presented the highest value under ca. 55% full sunlight. Furthermore, 40% full sunlight (equal to an average light of 2232 lux) might be the threshold for P. pygmaeus rhizome-root system growth. When the light intensity was below 40%, the generalized additive models (GAMs) predicted value of most studied parameters decreased to lower than zero. In conclusion, current study provides a solid basis for understanding the dynamic growth and development of P. pygmaeus rhizome-root system, and its responses to different light conditions, which could be used as inputs to P. pygmaeus plant cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Huang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, The University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 23, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8542-7231
| | - Yongyan Ding
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Shucong Wang
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chao Song
- College of Field Engineering, Army Engineering University of PLA, 88 Houbiaoying Road, Nanjing 210001, China
| | - Fusheng Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
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Dynamic Changes in Leaf Biomass and the Modeling of Individual Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz) under Intensive Management. FORESTS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/f13050693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Accurate estimations of leaf biomass are required to quantify the amount of material and energy exchanged between vegetation and the atmosphere, to enhance the primary productivity of forest stands, and to assess the contributions of vegetation towards the mitigation of global climate change. The leaf biomass of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carrière) J. Houz) changes dramatically during the year owing to changes in the leaves and the growth of new shoots. Furthermore, the relationship between the leaf biomass of Moso bamboo under cutting the top of the culm and the diameter at breast height (D) and culm height is decoupling, which increases the difficulty of estimating leaf biomass. Consequently, an effective method to accurately estimate the leaf biomass of Moso bamboo under cutting the top of the culm is required. In this study, leaf biomass and other factors (age, D, culm height, crown length, and crown width) were measured for 54 bamboo samples collected from December 2019 to December 2020. Models for predicting the leaf biomass of the Moso bamboo were established using multiple linear regression with two strategies, and their accuracies were evaluated using leave-one-out cross-validation. The results showed that crown length, crown width, and age were highly correlated with leaf biomass, and these were important factors when making estimations. Variation in monthly averaged leaf biomass is significant, with a decreasing trend from January to May and an increasing trend from June to December in off-years. The leaf biomass model that utilized data from the three leaf change periods had a better fit and accuracy, with R2 values of 0.583–0.848 and prediction errors between 8.59% and 24.19%. The model that utilized data for all months had a worse fit and accuracy, with an R2 value of 0.228 and prediction error of 46.79%. The results of this study provide reference data and technical support to help clarify the dynamic changes in Moso bamboo leaf biomass, and therefore, aid in the development of accurate simulations.
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Total and Mitochondrial Transcriptomic and Proteomic Insights into Regulation of Bioenergetic Processes for Shoot Fast-Growth Initiation in Moso Bamboo. Cells 2022; 11:cells11071240. [PMID: 35406802 PMCID: PMC8997719 DOI: 10.3390/cells11071240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
As a fast-growing, woody grass plant, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) can supply edible shoots, building materials, fibrous raw material, raw materials for crafts and furniture and so on within a relatively short time. Rapid growth of Moso bamboo occurs after the young bamboo shoots are covered with a shell and emerge from the ground. However, the molecular reactions of bioenergetic processes essential for fast growth remain undefined. Herein, total and mitochondrial transcriptomes and proteomes were compared between spring and winter shoots. Numerous key genes and proteins responsible for energy metabolism were significantly upregulated in spring shoots, including those involved in starch and sucrose catabolism, glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Accordingly, significant decreases in starch and soluble sugar, higher ATP content and higher rates of respiration and glycolysis were identified in spring shoots. Further, the upregulated genes and proteins related to mitochondrial fission significantly increased the number of mitochondria, indirectly promoting intracellular energy metabolism. Moreover, enhanced alternate-oxidase and uncoupled-protein pathways in winter shoots showed that an efficient energy-dissipating system was important for winter shoots to adapt to the low-temperature environment. Heterologous expression of PeAOX1b in Arabidopsis significantly affected seedling growth and enhanced cold-stress tolerance. Overall, this study highlights the power of comparing total and mitochondrial omics and integrating physiochemical data to understand how bamboo initiates fast growth through modulating bioenergetic processes.
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Wu M, Zhang K, Xu Y, Wang L, Liu H, Qin Z, Xiang Y. The moso bamboo WRKY transcription factor, PheWRKY86, regulates drought tolerance in transgenic plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 170:180-191. [PMID: 34894501 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
PheWRKY86 is a member of the WRKY transcription factor family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Expression of PheWRKY86 is strongly induced by drought and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. The PheWRKY86 protein localizes to the cell nucleus and is specifically able to bind to W-box elements. 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic Arabidopsis and rice showed significantly improved tolerance to drought stress. 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic plants exhibited better water retention and lower relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) compared to wild type plants. Moreover, 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic lines showed higher sensitivity to ABA stress. The 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic plants exhibited higher ABA levels relative to wild type, while also exhibiting a lower germination rate, root length and fresh weight compared to wild type. Further analysis showed that expression of some ABA-responsive genes was changed in the 35S:PheWRKY86 transgenic lines under drought conditions. Transient expression and yeast one-hybrid assays demonstrated that PheWRKY86 could bind to the W-box element in the promoter region of NCED1. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PheWRKY86 plays a positive role in drought tolerance by regulating NCED1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yuzeng Xu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Linna Wang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Hongxia Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Zilu Qin
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Phytoextraction of Cr(VI)-Contaminated Soil by Phyllostachys pubescens: A Case Study. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9110312. [PMID: 34822703 PMCID: PMC8618276 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9110312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This work presents the results of experimental tests to evaluate the effects of prolonged contamination by Cr on Moso Bamboo (MB) (Phyllostachys pubescens) and the adaptability of the MB to the Mediterranean climate. A preliminary test on the MB was developed in the laboratory, simulating irrigation under Mediterranean conditions (600 mm per year) and tropical conditions (1800 mm per year), to evaluate the rate of growth and the MB’s capability for Cr phytoextraction from contaminated soil. The tolerance of MB to Cr was also performed showing a good response of the plant to 100 mg Cr/L solution, utilized for irrigation of the pots. The results show that the rate of MB’s removal of Cr from soil ranged from 49.2% to 61.7% as a function of the soil degree of contamination, which varied from approx. 100 mg/kg to 300 mg/kg. The distribution of Cr in the various sections of the bamboo revealed that the greater percentage was present in rhizomes: 42%, equal to 114 mg Cr for 600 mm per year, and 50%, equal to 412 mg Cr for 1800 mm per year. A noteworthy diffusion of the metal towards the outermost parts of the plant was shown. The values of Cr retained in the stems and leaves of MB tissues were quite high and varied from 1100 mg/kg to 1700 mg/kg dry weight.
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Zhang J, Ma R, Ding X, Huang M, Shen K, Zhao S, Xiao Z, Xiu C. Association among starch storage, metabolism, related genes and growth of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) shoots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 21:477. [PMID: 34670492 PMCID: PMC8527747 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03257-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both underground rhizomes/buds and above-ground Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla) shoots/culms/branches are connected together into a close inter-connecting system in which nutrients are transported and shared among each organ. However, the starch storage and utilization mechanisms during bamboo shoot growth remain unclear. This study aimed to reveal in which organs starch was stored, how carbohydrates were transformed among each organ, and how the expression of key genes was regulated during bamboo shoot growth and developmental stages which should lay a foundation for developing new theoretical techniques for bamboo cultivation. RESULTS Based on changes of the NSC content, starch metabolism-related enzyme activity and gene expression from S0 to S3, we observed that starch grains were mainly elliptical in shape and proliferated through budding and constriction. Content of both soluble sugar and starch in bamboo shoot peaked at S0, in which the former decreased gradually, and the latter initially decreased and then increased as shoots grew. Starch synthesis-related enzymes (AGPase, GBSS and SBE) and starch hydrolase (α-amylase and β-amylase) activities exhibited the same dynamic change patterns as those of the starch content. From S0 to S3, the activity of starch synthesis-related enzyme and starch amylase in bamboo rhizome was significantly higher than that in bamboo shoot, while the NSC content in rhizomes was obviously lower than that in bamboo shoots. It was revealed by the comparative transcriptome analysis that the expression of starch synthesis-related enzyme-encoding genes were increased at S0, but reduced thereafter, with almost the same dynamic change tendency as the starch content and metabolism-related enzymes, especially during S0 and S1. It was revealed by the gene interaction analysis that AGPase and SBE were core genes for the starch and sucrose metabolism pathway. CONCLUSIONS Bamboo shoots were the main organ in which starch was stored, while bamboo rhizome should be mainly functioned as a carbohydrate transportation channel and the second carbohydrate sink. Starch metabolism-related genes were expressed at the transcriptional level during underground growth, but at the post-transcriptional level during above-ground growth. It may be possible to enhance edible bamboo shoot quality for an alternative starch source through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Ruixiang Ma
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Xingcui Ding
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China.
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China.
| | - Manchang Huang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Kai Shen
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Siqi Zhao
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Zizhang Xiao
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
| | - Chengming Xiu
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang Province, China
- Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100089, China
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Jin G, Ma PF, Wu X, Gu L, Long M, Zhang C, Li DZ. New Genes Interacted with Recent Whole Genome Duplicates in the Fast Stem Growth of Bamboos. Mol Biol Evol 2021; 38:5752-5768. [PMID: 34581782 PMCID: PMC8662795 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msab288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As drivers of evolutionary innovations, new genes allow organisms to explore new niches. However, clear examples of this process remain scarce. Bamboos, the unique grass lineage diversifying into the forest, have evolved with a key innovation of fast growth of woody stem, reaching up to 1 m/day. Here, we identify 1,622 bamboo-specific orphan genes that appeared in recent 46 million years, and 19 of them evolved from noncoding ancestral sequences with entire de novo origination process reconstructed. The new genes evolved gradually in exon−intron structure, protein length, expression specificity, and evolutionary constraint. These new genes, whether or not from de novo origination, are dominantly expressed in the rapidly developing shoots, and make transcriptomes of shoots the youngest among various bamboo tissues, rather than reproductive tissue in other plants. Additionally, the particularity of bamboo shoots has also been shaped by recent whole-genome duplicates (WGDs), which evolved divergent expression patterns from ancestral states. New genes and WGDs have been evolutionarily recruited into coexpression networks to underline fast-growing trait of bamboo shoot. Our study highlights the importance of interactions between new genes and genome duplicates in generating morphological innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Jin
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Peng-Fei Ma
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Xiaopei Wu
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Lianfeng Gu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350002, China
| | - Manyuan Long
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, 60637, USA
| | - Chengjun Zhang
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - De-Zhu Li
- Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
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Wang M, Mori S, Kurosawa Y, Ferrio JP, Yamaji K, Koyama K. Consistent scaling of whole-shoot respiration between Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) and trees. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2021; 134:989-997. [PMID: 34115233 PMCID: PMC8364903 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-021-01320-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Both Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) and tree forests have a large biomass; they are considered to play an important role in ecosystem carbon budgets. The scaling relationship between individual whole-shoot (i.e., aboveground parts) respiration and whole-shoot mass provides a clue for comparing the carbon budgets of Moso bamboo and tree forests. However, nobody has empirically demonstrated whether there is a difference between these forest types in the whole-shoot scaling relationship. We developed whole-shoot chambers and measured the shoot respiration of 58 individual mature bamboo shoots from the smallest to the largest in a Moso bamboo forest, and then compared them with that of 254 tree shoots previously measured. For 30 bamboo shoots, we measured the respiration rate of leaves, branches, and culms. We found that the scaling exponent of whole-shoot respiration of bamboo fitted by a simple power function on a log-log scale was 0.843 (95 % CI 0.797-0.885), which was consistent with that of trees, 0.826 (95 % CI 0.799-0.851), but higher than 3/4, the value typifying the Kleiber's rule. The respiration rates of leaves, branches, and culms at the whole-shoot level were proportional to their mass, revealing a constant mean mass-specific respiration of 1.19, 0.224, and 0.0978 µmol CO2 kg- 1 s- 1, respectively. These constant values suggest common traits of organs among physiologically integrated ramets within a genet. Additionally, the larger the shoots, the smaller the allocation of organ mass to the metabolically active leaves, and the larger the allocation to the metabolically inactive culms. Therefore, these shifts in shoot-mass partitioning to leaves and culms caused a negative metabolic scaling of Moso bamboo shoots. The observed convergent metabolic scaling of Moso bamboo and trees may facilitate comparisons of the ecosystem carbon budgets of Moso bamboo and tree forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mofei Wang
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeta Mori
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan.
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan.
| | - Yoko Kurosawa
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Iwate University, Morioka, Iwate, 020-8550, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Yamagata University, Tsuruoka, Yamagata, 997-8555, Japan
| | - Juan Pedro Ferrio
- Aragon Agency for Research and Development (ARAID), 50018, Zaragoza, Spain
- Department of Forest Resources, Agrifood Research and Technology Centre of Aragon (CITA), 50059, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Keiko Yamaji
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kohei Koyama
- Department of Agro-environmental Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan
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Bian F, Zhong Z, Li C, Zhang X, Gu L, Huang Z, Gai X, Huang Z. Intercropping improves heavy metal phytoremediation efficiency through changing properties of rhizosphere soil in bamboo plantation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125898. [PMID: 34492836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo is considered a potential species for heavy metal (HM) phytoremediation; however, the effect of intercropping on rhizosphere and phytoextraction remains to be elucidated. We comparatively investigated rhizobacteria, soil properties, and phytoextraction efficiency of monoculture and intercropping of Moso bamboo and Sedum plumbizincicola in Cu/Zn/Cd-contaminated soil. Compared with monocultures, intercropping increased the bacterial α-diversity indices (Shannon, Chao1) and the number of biomarkers. Intercropping reduced the contents of soil organic matter (SOM), available nutrients, and Cd and Cu in rhizosphere soils, and reduced the Cd and Zn contents in tissues of sedum. By contrast, Cd and Zn contents in tissues of bamboo increased, and the increase of organic acid in root exudates from intercropping could facilitate the HM absorption. The total amount of Cu, Zn, and Cd removed from the soil in intercropping system was 1.2, 1.9, and 1.8 times than those in monoculture bamboo, respectively. The abundances of Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Actinobacteria were higher in intercropping, playing an important role in soil nutrient cycles and HM remediation. These bacterial communities were closely correlated (P < 0.01) with SOM, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, and HMs. The results suggested this intercropping pattern can increase HM removal efficiency from polluted soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Bian
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Zheke Zhong
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China.
| | - Chengzhe Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agriculture Products of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A & F University, Lin'an 311300, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Lijian Gu
- Hangzhou Linan Taihuyuan Ornamental Bamboo Planting Garden Co., LTD, Lin'an 311306, PR China
| | - Zichen Huang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Xu Gai
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Huang
- China National Bamboo Research Center, Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Bamboo Resources and Utilization, Hangzhou 310012, PR China; National Long-term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
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Ma R, Chen J, Huang B, Huang Z, Zhang Z. The BBX gene family in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis): identification, characterization and expression profiles. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:533. [PMID: 34256690 PMCID: PMC8276415 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07821-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The BBX (B-box) family are zinc finger protein (ZFP) transcription factors that play an essential role in plant growth, development and response to abiotic stresses. Although BBX genes have been characterized in many model organisms, genome-wide identification of the BBX family genes have not yet been reported in Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), and the biological functions of this family remain unknown. RESULT In the present study, we identified 27 BBX genes in the genome of Moso bamboo, and analysis of their conserved motifs and multiple sequence alignments revealed that they all shared highly similar structures. Additionally, phylogenetic and homology analyses indicated that PeBBX genes were divided into three clusters, with whole-genome duplication (WGD) events having facilitated the expansion of this gene family. Light-responsive and stress-related cis-elements were identified by analyzing cis-elements in the promoters of all PeBBX genes. Short time-series expression miner (STEM) analysis revealed that the PeBBX genes had spatiotemporal-specific expression patterns and were likely involved in the growth and development of bamboo shoots. We further explored the downstream target genes of PeBBXs, and GO/KEGG enrichment analysis predicted multiple functions of BBX target genes, including those encoding enzymes involved in plant photosynthesis, pyruvate metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, we analyzed the PeBBX genes at multiple different levels, which will contribute to further studies of the BBX family and provide valuable information for the functional validation of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruifang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jialu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhinuo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Forest Cultivation, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China.
- School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Zhejiang, 311300, Hangzhou, China.
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Peng C, Song Y, Li C, Mei T, Wu Z, Shi Y, Zhou Y, Zhou G. Growing in Mixed Stands Increased Leaf Photosynthesis and Physiological Stress Resistance in Moso Bamboo and Mature Chinese Fir Plantations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:649204. [PMID: 34093612 PMCID: PMC8173113 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.649204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-stand plantations are not always as beneficial for timber production and carbon sequestration as monoculture plantations. Systematic analyses of mixed-stand forests as potential ideal plantations must consider the physiological-ecological performance of these plantations. This study aimed to determine whether mixed moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens (Pradelle) Mazel ex J. Houz.) and Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.) stands exhibited better physiological-ecological performance than monoculture plantations of these species. We analyzed leaf photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant enzyme activities, chlorophyll content and leaf chemistry in a moso bamboo stand, a Chinese fir stand and a mixed stand with both species. The results showed that both species in the mixed stand exhibited significantly higher leaf net photosynthesis rate (Amax), instantaneous carboxylation efficiency (CUE), chlorophyll content, maximum quantum yield of photosynthesis (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), PSII quantum yield [Y(II)], leaf nitrogen content, and antioxidant enzyme activities than those in the monoculture plantations. However, the non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in Chinese fir and 2-year-old moso bamboo was significantly lower in the mixed stand than in the monocultures. In addition, the water use efficiency (WUE) of Chinese fir was significantly higher in the mixed stand. The results suggest that the increase in leaf net photosynthetic capacity and the improved growth in the mixed stand could be attributed primarily to the (i) more competitive strategies for soil water use, (ii) stronger antioxidant systems, and (iii) higher leaf total nitrogen and chlorophyll contents in the plants. These findings suggest that mixed growth has beneficial effects on the leaf photosynthesis capacity and physiological resistance of moso bamboo and Chinese fir.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunju Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Yandong Song
- Lishui Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Lishui, China
| | - Chong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Tingting Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Zhili Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
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Lan Y, Wu L, Wu M, Liu H, Gao Y, Zhang K, Xiang Y. Transcriptome analysis reveals key genes regulating signaling and metabolic pathways during the growth of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shoots. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:91-105. [PMID: 33280114 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), a high-value bamboo used to produce food (young shoots), building, and industrial goods. To explore key candidate genes regulating signal transduction and metabolic processes during the initiation of stem elongation in moso bamboo, a transcriptome analysis of the shoots during three successive early elongation stages was performed. From cluster and differential expression analyses, 2984 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were selected for an enrichment analysis. The DEGs were significantly enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction, sugar and starch metabolism, and energy metabolism pathways. Consequently, the DEG expression patterns of these pathways were analyzed, and the plant endogenous hormone and carbon metabolite (including sucrose, total soluble sugar, and starch) contents for each growth stage, of the shoot, were determined. The cytokinin-signaling pathway was continuously active in the three successive elongation stages, in which several cytokinin-signaling genes played indispensable roles. Additionally, many key DEGs regulating sugar, starch metabolism, and energy conversion, which are actively involved in energy production and substrate synthesis during the continuous growth of the shoots, were found. In summary, our study lays a foundation for understanding the mechanisms of moso bamboo growth and provides useful gene resources for breeding through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangang Lan
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Huanlong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yameng Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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35
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Gao Y, Liu H, Zhang K, Li F, Wu M, Xiang Y. A moso bamboo transcription factor, Phehdz1, positively regulates the drought stress response of transgenic rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:187-204. [PMID: 33098450 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-020-02625-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
78 HD-Zip family genes in Phyllostachys edulis were analyzed. Overexpression of Phehdz1 can improve the drought tolerance of transgenic rice and affect its secondary metabolism. Many studies suggested homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors are important regulators of plant growth and development, signal transduction, and responses to environmental stresses. In this study, 78 moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) HD-Zip genes were investigated and classified into four subfamilies (HD-Zip I-IV). Additionally, Phehdz1 (HD-Zip I gene) was isolated and confirmed to be highly expressed in the roots. A quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated Phehdz1 expression was significantly induced by drought, high salinity, and abscisic acid (ABA). A transient expression assay proved that Phehdz1 was localized in the nucleus of tobacco cells. Moreover, it could bind to the core region encoded by the H-box sequence (CAATAATTG) in yeast. In response to mannitol treatments, the Phehdz1-overexpressing transgenic rice had a higher germination rate and longer shoots than the wild-type controls. Moreover, Phehdz1-overexpressing rice plants had a higher survival rate as well as higher relative water and proline contents, but a lower malondialdehyde content, than the WT plants after a 30% polyethylene glycol 6000 treatment. Accordingly, the overexpression of Phehdz1 enhances the drought tolerance of transgenic rice. Many of the differentially expressed genes identified by a transcriptome analysis are involved in MAPK signal transduction and the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. Thus, the overexpression of Phehdz1 enhances the drought stress tolerance of transgenic rice, while also potentially modulating the expression of metabolism-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yameng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Huanlong Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Yan Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, College of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Gao J, Li Q, Zhang J, Cui K, Wu Z, Shi M, Song X. Biochar Amendment Alters the Nutrient-Use Strategy of Moso Bamboo Under N Additions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:667964. [PMID: 34249039 PMCID: PMC8261046 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.667964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient resorption can affect plant growth, litter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Although the effects of nitrogen (N) and biochar fertilizers on soil nutrient concentrations and plant nutrient uptake have been studied, an understanding of how combined applications of N and biochar affect plant nutrient resorption in plantations is lacking. In this study, we applied N (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg N ha-1 yr-1 defined as N0, N30, N60, and N90, respectively) and biochar (0, 20, and 40 t biochar ha-1 defined as BC0, BC20, and BC40, respectively) to the soil of a Moso bamboo plantation. We investigated the effects of these treatments on N and phosphorus (P) resorption by young and mature bamboo plants, as well as the relationships between nutrient resorption and leaf and soil nutrient concentrations. Young bamboo showed significantly greater foliar N resorption efficiency (NRE) and P resorption efficiency (PRE) than mature bamboo. N addition alone significantly increased the N resorption proficiency (NRP) and P resorption proficiency (PRP) but significantly decreased the NRE and PRE of both young and mature bamboo. In both the N-free and N-addition treatments, biochar amendments significantly reduced the foliar NRE and PRE of young bamboo but had the opposite effect on mature bamboo. Foliar NRE and PRE were significantly negatively correlated with fresh leaf N and P concentrations and soil total P concentration but significantly positively correlated with soil pH. Our findings suggest that N addition inhibits plant nutrient resorption and alters the nutrient-use strategy of young and mature bamboo from "conservative consumption" to "resource spending." Furthermore, biochar amendment enhanced the negative effect of N addition on nutrient resorption in young bamboo but reduced the negative effect on that of mature bamboo under N-addition treatments. This study provides new insights into the combined effects of N and biochar on the nutrient resorption of Moso bamboo and may assist in improving fertilization strategies in Moso bamboo plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Quan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Center for Ecological Forecasting and Global Change, College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Junbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kunkai Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhizhuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficient Processing of Bamboo of Zhejiang Province, China National Bamboo Research Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Man Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinzhang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xinzhang Song,
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Lv W, Zhou G, Chen G, Zhou Y, Ge Z, Niu Z, Xu L, Shi Y. Effects of Different Management Practices on the Increase in Phytolith-Occluded Carbon in Moso Bamboo Forests. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:591852. [PMID: 33343597 PMCID: PMC7744606 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.591852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phytolith-occluded carbon (PhytOC), a promising long-term biogeochemical carbon sequestration mode, plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and the regulation of atmospheric CO2. Previous studies mostly focused on the estimation of the content and storage of PhytOC, while it remains unclear about how the management practices affect the PhytOC content and whether it varies with stand age. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocycla var. pubescens) has a great potential in carbon sequestration and is rich in PhytOC. Here, we selected four management treatments, including control (CK), compound fertilization (CF), silicon (Si) fertilization (SiF) (monosilicic acid can form phytoliths through silicification), and cut to investigate the variation of phytoliths and PhytOC contents in soil, leaves, and litters, and their storage in Moso bamboo forests. In soil, the SiF fertilizer treatment significantly (P < 0.05) increased phytolith content, PhytOC content, and storage compared to CK, while there were no significant differences between the treatments of CF and cut. In leaf, compared with CK, phytolith content of the second-degree leaves under SiF and the first-degree leaves under cut treatment significantly increased, and the three treatments significantly increased PhytOC storage for leaves with three age classes. In litter, the phytolith and PhytOC contents under the three treatments were not significantly different from that under the CK treatment. The PhytOC storage increased by 19.33% under SiF treatment, but significantly decreased by 40.63% under the CF treatment. For the entire Moso bamboo forest ecosystems, PhytOC storage of all the three management treatments increased compared with CK, with the largest increase by 102% under the SiF treatment. The effects of management practices on the accumulation of PhytOC varied with age. Our study implied that Si fertilization has a greater potential to significantly promote the capacity of sequestration of carbon in Moso bamboo forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanjie Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guangsheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhengwen Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- School of Environmental and Resources Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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38
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Zhang M, Chen S, Jiang H, Cao Q. The water transport profile of Phyllostachys edulis during the explosive growth phase of bamboo shoots. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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39
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The growth and mortality of Pleioblastus pygmaeus under different light availability. Glob Ecol Conserv 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2020.e01262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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40
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Tao GY, Ramakrishnan M, Vinod KK, Yrjälä K, Satheesh V, Cho J, Fu Y, Zhou M. Multi-omics analysis of cellular pathways involved in different rapid growth stages of moso bamboo. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 40:1487-1508. [PMID: 32705116 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpaa090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis (Carriere) J. Houzeau) is a rapidly growing grass of industrial and ecological importance. However, the molecular mechanisms of its remarkable growth are not well understood. In this study, we investigated the early-stage growth of moso bamboo shoots and defined three different growth stages based on histological and biochemical analyses, namely, starting of cell division (SD), rapid division (RD) and rapid elongation (RE). Further analyses on potentially relevant cellular pathways in these growth stages using multi-omics approaches such as transcriptomics and proteomics revealed the involvement of multiple cellular pathways, including DNA replication, repair and ribosome biogenesis. A total of 8045 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 1053 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in our analyses. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses of detected DEGs identified several key biological pathways such as phytohormone metabolism, signal transduction, cell wall development and carbohydrate metabolism. The comparative analysis of proteins displayed that a total of 213 DEPs corresponded with DEGs and 3 significant expression profiles that could be promoting the fast growth of bamboo internodes. Moreover, protein-protein interaction network prediction analysis is suggestive of the involvement of five major proteins of signal transduction, DNA synthesis and RNA transcription, and may act as key elements responsible for the rapid shoot growth. Our work exploits multi-omics and bioinformatic approaches to unfurl the complexity of molecular networks involved in the rapid growth of moso bamboo and opens up questions related to the interactions between the functions played by individual molecular pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | | | - Kim Yrjälä
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki P.O. Box 27 00014, Finland
| | - Viswanathan Satheesh
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jungnam Cho
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
- CAS-JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Ying Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingbing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High-efficiency Utilization, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, Hangzhou 311300, Zhejiang, China
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41
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Application of Bamboo Plants in Nine Aspects. ScientificWorldJournal 2020; 2020:7284203. [PMID: 33061861 PMCID: PMC7555460 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7284203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bamboo forests are undoubtedly one of the most abundant nontimber plants on Earth and cover a wide area of tropical and subtropical regions around the world. This amazing plant has unique rapid growth and can play an important role in protecting our planet from pollution and improving the soil. Bamboo can be used as a biofuel, food, and for architecture and construction applications and plays a large role in the local economy by creating job opportunities. The aim of this paper is to review the extraordinary tropical plant bamboo by explaining the mechanisms related to the growth and strength of bamboo and identifying ways to utilize bamboo in industry, employment, climate change mitigation, and soil erosion reduction.
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Zheng Y, Lin X. Niche Specialization and Functional Overlap of Bamboo Leaf and Root Microbiota. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:571159. [PMID: 33072031 PMCID: PMC7531387 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.571159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Leaves and roots harbor taxonomically diverse bacterial assemblages which enhance plant growth and performance by increasing nutrient supply and resistance to stress. An extensive investigation of bacterial diversity and composition between leaf and root microbiota of 15 bamboo species differing in rhizome types, lifeforms and sampling sites were conducted by high-through sequencing. The alpha diversity between leaf and root microbiota was not significantly different, whereas, their beta diversity differed remarkably. Niche specialization mainly in species from Actinobacteria was detected which prefer to colonize in roots than leaves. Community structure of leaf microbiota was highly resembled, however, the phylogeny inferred by host's chloroplast data was incongruent with microbiota dendrogram, indicating that phylosymbiosis didn't occur in bamboos and their associated microbiota. Large overlap in functional profiling of leaf and root-associated microbiota was found. Accordingly, we proposed that environmental conditions, structural variation and physiological differences between leaves and roots worked collaboratively for divergence of bamboo microbiota. This study confers to a robust knowledge of bamboo-microbe interaction and provides a list of bacterial lineages for investigation into specific plant-microbe interaction information of which could be used to enhance agricultural and forest productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zheng
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinchun Lin
- Sino-Australia Plant Cell Wall Research Centre, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Bamboo Resources and High-Efficiency Utilization, Hangzhou, China
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43
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Ramakrishnan M, Yrjälä K, Vinod KK, Sharma A, Cho J, Satheesh V, Zhou M. Genetics and genomics of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis): Current status, future challenges, and biotechnological opportunities toward a sustainable bamboo industry. Food Energy Secur 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/fes3.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kim Yrjälä
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou China
- Department of Forest Sciences University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou China
| | - Jungnam Cho
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- CAS‐JIC Centre of Excellence for Plant and Microbial Science (CEPAMS) Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Viswanathan Satheesh
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
- Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China
| | - Mingbing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou China
- Zhejiang Provincial Collaborative Innovation Centre for Bamboo Resources and High‐efficiency Utilization Zhejiang A&F University Hangzhou China
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44
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Zhang Z, Yang X, Cheng L, Guo Z, Wang H, Wu W, Shin K, Zhu J, Zheng X, Bian J, Li Y, Gu L, Zhu Q, Wang ZY, Wang W. Physiological and transcriptomic analyses of brassinosteroid function in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) seedlings. PLANTA 2020; 252:27. [PMID: 32712728 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03432-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that brassinosteroid is essential for seedling and shoot growth in moso bamboo. The shoot of moso bamboo is known to grow extremely fast. The roles of phytohormones in such fast growth of bamboo shoot remain unclear. Here we reported that endogenous brassinosteroid (BR) is a major factor promoting bamboo shoot internode elongation. Reducing endogenous brassinosteroid level by its biosynthesis inhibitor propiconazole stunted shoot growth in seedling stage, whereas exogenous BR application promoted scale leaf elongation and the inclination of lamina joint of leaves and scale leaves. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis identified hundreds of genes whose expression levels are altered by BR and propiconazole in shoots and roots of bamboo seedling. The data show that BR regulates cell wall-related genes, hydrogen peroxide catabolic genes, and auxin-related genes. Our study demonstrates an essential role of BR in fast growth bamboo shoots and identifies a large number of BR-responsive genes in bamboo seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Zhang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xuelian Yang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Ling Cheng
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zejun Guo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Huiyuan Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Weihuang Wu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kihye Shin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinyao Zhu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Zheng
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianghu Bian
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yangchen Li
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lianfeng Gu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Wang
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Wenfei Wang
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, Forestry College, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
- College of Life Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.
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Abstract
Hollow-section columns are one of the mechanically superior structures with high buckling resistance and high bending stiffness. The mechanical properties of the column are strongly influenced by the cross-sectional shape. Therefore, when evaluating the stability of a column against external forces, it is necessary to reproduce the cross-sectional shape accurately. In this study, we propose a mathematical method to describe a polygonal section with rounded edges and vertices. This mathematical model would be quite useful for analyzing the mechanical properties of plants and designing plant-mimicking functional structures, since the cross-sections of the actual plant culms and stems often show rounded polygons.
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Mei T, Liu X, Fang D, Zhou G, Ye C, Li P, Shi Y, Du H, Berninger F, Hölscher D. Spring Leafing Phenology Favors Younger Culms of Moso Bamboo: Aspects From Water Use Relations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:550. [PMID: 32457783 PMCID: PMC7225348 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
As the most widely distributed giant running bamboo species in China, Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) can accomplish both development of newly sprouted culms and leaf renewal of odd-year-old culms within a few months in spring. The two phenological events in spring may together change water distribution among culms in different age categories within a stand, which may differ from our conventional understanding of the negative age effect on bamboo water use. Therefore, to explore the effect of spring shooting and leaf phenology on age-specific water use of Moso bamboo and potential water redistribution, we monitored water use of four culm age categories (newly sprouted, 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old; namely A0, A1, A2, A3) in spring from March to June 2018. For newly sprouting culms, the spring phenological period was classified into five stages (incubation, culm-elongation, branch-development, leafing, established). Over these phenological stages, age-specific accumulated sap flux density showed different patterns. The oldest culms, A3, were not influenced by leaf renewal and kept nearly constant and less water use than the other aged culms. However, A2, which did not renew their leaves, had the most water use at the two initial stages (incubation, culm-elongation) but consumed less water than A0 and A1 after the fourth stage (leafing). At the end of June, water use of the four age categories sorted in order of A0 > A1 > A2 > A3, which confirms the conventional thought and observations, i.e., a negative age effect. The results indicate that new leaf flushing may benefit younger culms (A1 and A0) more than older culms (A2 and A3), i.e., increasing their transpiration response to radiation and share of the stand transpiration. With the underground connected rhizome system, the bamboo stand as an integration seems to balance its water use among culms of different ages to support the water use of freshly sprouted culms during their developing period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Dongming Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Guomo Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Chongyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Pingheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Yongjun Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Huaqiang Du
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Cycling in Forest Ecosystems and Carbon Sequestration of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
| | - Frank Berninger
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin’an, China
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Dirk Hölscher
- Tropical Silviculture and Forest Ecology, University of Goettingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Wang S, Chen TH, Liu EU, Liu CP. Accessing the nursing behaviour of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edilus) on carbohydrates dynamics and photosystems. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1015. [PMID: 31974388 PMCID: PMC6978378 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-57643-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Nursing behaviour, also known as breastfeeding behaviour, is the feeding of juvenile individuals with nutrients or proteins from matures especially in mammals. As a hypothetical phenomenon in bamboo forests, mature bamboos have transferred photoassimilates to young bamboos for recovering and rebuilding their photosystems especially in winter. This process is accompanied by changes in the ability of photosystems and the mass fraction of non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), structural carbohydrates (SCs), and lignin. We analysed carbohydrates and chlorophyll fluorescence to compare the physiological traits in mature (age 2, 3, 4) and immature (age 1) Moso bamboos (Phyllostachys edilus) during a year using the Portable Chlorophyll Fluorometer (PCF) and the Liquid Chromatographic (LC) method. The results showed that the mass fraction of total soluble carbohydrates (TSCs) and starch in the bottom of bamboo at age 1 was higher than other parts and ages in spring, whereas the mass fraction of TSCs, starch, and sucrose at age 3 was higher than other parts and ages in winter. The Fv/Fm, an indicator to reveal photosystems were functional or not, at age 1 dramatically dropped when the cold current attacked first time in October, and then quickly recovered in November. Our findings indicate that mature bamboos very possibly provide carbohydrates to immature bamboos and help them rebuild their photosystems when a bamboo forest resists cold stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitephen Wang
- Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto, 606-0096, Japan
| | - Tsai-Huei Chen
- Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Silviculture Division, Taipei, 10066, Taiwan
| | - En-U Liu
- Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Forestry Economics Division, Taipei, 10066, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Pin Liu
- National Chung Hsing University, Department of Forestry, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan.
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48
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Wang S, Pei J, Li J, Tang G, Zhao J, Peng X, Nie S, Ding Y, Wang C. Sucrose and starch metabolism during Fargesia yunnanensis shoot growth. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2020; 168:188-204. [PMID: 30746708 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo is one of the fastest growing plants in the world, but their shoot buds develop very slowly. Information about the sugar storage and metabolism during the shoot growth is lacking. In the present study, we determined the activity of sucrose and starch metabolizing enzymes during the developmental period of Fargesia yunnanensis from shoot buds to the young culms that have achieved their full height. The soluble sugars and starch contents were also determined and analyzed in shoot buds and shoots at different developmental stages. The results showed that there were higher sucrose contents in shoot buds than shoots, which coincides with the sweeter taste of shoot buds. As the shoot buds sprouted out of the ground, the starch and sucrose were depleted sharply. Coupled with this, the activity of soluble acid invertase (SAI), cell wall-bound invertase (CWI), sucrose synthase at cleavage direction (SUSYC) and starch phosphorylase (STP) increased significantly in the rapidly elongating internodes. These enzymes dominated the rapid elongation of internodes. The activities of SAI, CWI, SUSYC and STP and adenosine diphosphate-glucose pyrophosphorylase were higher as compared to other enzymes in the shoot buds, but were far lower than those in the developing shoots. The slow growth of shoot buds was correlated with the low activity of these enzymes. These results complement our understanding of the physiological differences between shoot buds and elongating shoots and ascertain the physiological mechanism for the rapid growth of bamboo shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Jialong Pei
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Juan Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Guojian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Jingwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Shuangxi Nie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, P.R. China
| | - Yulong Ding
- Bamboo Research Institute, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, P.R. China
| | - Changming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Biotechnology in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, P.R. China
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Zhang X, Gao G, Wu Z, Wen X, Zhong H, Zhong Z, Yang C, Bian F, Gai X. Responses of soil nutrients and microbial communities to intercropping medicinal plants in moso bamboo plantations in subtropical China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:2301-2310. [PMID: 31776906 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06750-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bamboo forests are one of the most important forest resources in subtropical China. A pure, single-layer bamboo forest is considered an optimal habitat for intercropping medicinal herbs. Soil microorganisms have an important role in various ecological processes and respond quickly to environmental changes. However, changes in soil nutrients and microbial communities associated with agroforestry cultivation methods remain poorly documented. In the present study, a pure moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) forest (Con) and three adjacent moso bamboo-based agroforestry (BAF) systems (moso bamboo-Paris polyphylla (BP), moso bamboo-Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (BT) and moso bamboo-Bletilla striata (BB)) were selected; and their soil chemical properties and bacterial communities were studied and compared to evaluate the effects of agroforestry on soil bacterial communities and the relationship between soil properties and bacterial communities in BAF systems. Results showed that compared with soils under the Con, soils under the BAF systems had more (p < 0.05) soil organic carbon (SOC) and available nitrogen (AN) but lower (p < 0.05) pH and available potassium (AK). In addition, compared with the Con system, the BB and BT systems had significantly greater (p < 0.05) available phosphorus (AP). Compared with that in the Con system, the Shannon index in the BAF systems was significantly greater (p < 0.05), but the Chao1 index not different. On the basis of relative abundance values, compared with the Con soils, the BAF soils had a significantly greater abundance of (p < 0.05) Bacteroidetes and Planctomyces but a significantly lower abundance of (p < 0.05) Verrucomicrobia, Gemmatimonadetes and Candidatus Xiphinematobacter. Moreover, compared with the Con system, the BB and BT systems had a greater (p < 0.05) abundance of Actinobacteria, Rhodoplanes, Candidatus Solibacter and Candidatus Koribacter. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that soil pH, SOC and AP were significantly correlated with bacterial community composition. Results of this study suggest that intercropping medicinal herbs can result in soil acidification and potassium (K) depletion; thus, countermeasures such as applications of K fertilizer and alkaline soil amendments are necessary for BAF systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guibin Gao
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhizhuang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xing Wen
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhezhe Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanbao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangyuan Bian
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Gai
- Key Laboratory of Resources and Utilization of Bamboo of State Forestry Administration, China National Bamboo Research Center, Wenyi Road 310, Hangzhou, 310012, China
- National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
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50
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Genome-Wide Characterization and Gene Expression Analyses of GATA Transcription Factors in Moso Bamboo ( Phyllostachys edulis). Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010014. [PMID: 31861396 PMCID: PMC6982067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Moso bamboo is well-known for its rapid-growth shoots and widespread rhizomes. However, the regulatory genes of these two processes are largely unexplored. GATA transcription factors regulate many developmental processes, but their roles in moso bamboo height control and rhizome development remains unexplored. Here, thirty-one bamboo GATA factors (PeGATAs) were identified, which are evolutionarily closer to rice than Arabidopsis, and their gene expression patterns were analyzed in bamboo development and phytohormone response with bioinformatics and molecular methods. Interestingly, PeGATAs could only be classified into three groups. Phytohormone responsive cis-elements were found in PeGATA promoters and the expression profiles showed that PeGATA genes might respond to gibberellin acid and abscisic acid but not to auxin at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, PeGATA genes have a tissue-specific expression pattern in bamboo rhizomes. Interestingly, most PeGATA genes were down-regulated during the rapid-growth of bamboo shoots. In addition, over-expressing one of the PeGATA genes, PeGATA26, significantly repressed the primary root length and plant height of transgenic Arabidopsis plants, which may be achieved by promoting the gibberellin acid turnover. Overall, our results provide insight into the function of GATA transcription factors in bamboo, and into genetic resources for engineering plant height.
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