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Cibir Z, Hassel J, Sonneck J, Kowitz L, Beer A, Kraus A, Hallekamp G, Rosenkranz M, Raffelberg P, Olfen S, Smilowski K, Burkard R, Helfrich I, Tuz AA, Singh V, Ghosh S, Sickmann A, Klebl AK, Eickhoff JE, Klebl B, Seidl K, Chen J, Grabmaier A, Viga R, Gunzer M. ComplexEye: a multi-lens array microscope for high-throughput embedded immune cell migration analysis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8103. [PMID: 38081825 PMCID: PMC10713721 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Autonomous migration is essential for the function of immune cells such as neutrophils and plays an important role in numerous diseases. The ability to routinely measure or target it would offer a wealth of clinical applications. Video microscopy of live cells is ideal for migration analysis, but cannot be performed at sufficiently high-throughput (HT). Here we introduce ComplexEye, an array microscope with 16 independent aberration-corrected glass lenses spaced at the pitch of a 96-well plate to produce high-resolution movies of migrating cells. With the system, we enable HT migration analysis of immune cells in 96- and 384-well plates with very energy-efficient performance. We demonstrate that the system can measure multiple clinical samples simultaneously. Furthermore, we screen 1000 compounds and identify 17 modifiers of migration in human neutrophils in just 4 days, a task that requires 60-times longer with a conventional video microscope. ComplexEye thus opens the field of phenotypic HT migration screens and enables routine migration analysis for the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zülal Cibir
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jacqueline Hassel
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Justin Sonneck
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
- Faculty of Computer Science, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Lennart Kowitz
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Alexander Beer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Andreas Kraus
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Gabriel Hallekamp
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Martin Rosenkranz
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Pascal Raffelberg
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sven Olfen
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Kamil Smilowski
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Roman Burkard
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Iris Helfrich
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Medical Faculty of the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ali Ata Tuz
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vikramjeet Singh
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Susmita Ghosh
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
- Medizinisches Proteom-Center, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, College of Physical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB24 3FX, Aberdeen, UK
| | | | | | - Bert Klebl
- Lead Discovery Center GmbH, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Karsten Seidl
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Jianxu Chen
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany
| | - Anton Grabmaier
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Reinhard Viga
- Department of Electronic Components and Circuits, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., Dortmund, Germany.
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Péter B, Boldizsár I, Kovács GM, Erdei A, Bajtay Z, Vörös A, Ramsden JJ, Szabó I, Bősze S, Horvath R. Natural Compounds as Target Biomolecules in Cellular Adhesion and Migration: From Biomolecular Stimulation to Label-Free Discovery and Bioactivity-Based Isolation. Biomedicines 2021; 9:1781. [PMID: 34944597 PMCID: PMC8698624 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9121781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants and fungi can be used for medical applications because of their accumulation of special bioactive metabolites. These substances might be beneficial to human health, exerting also anti-inflammatory and anticancer (antiproliferative) effects. We propose that they are mediated by influencing cellular adhesion and migration via various signaling pathways and by directly inactivating key cell adhesion surface receptor sites. The evidence for this proposition is reviewed (by summarizing the natural metabolites and their effects influencing cellular adhesion and migration), along with the classical measuring techniques used to gain such evidence. We systematize existing knowledge concerning the mechanisms of how natural metabolites affect adhesion and movement, and their role in gene expression as well. We conclude by highlighting the possibilities to screen natural compounds faster and more easily by applying new label-free methods, which also enable a far greater degree of quantification than the conventional methods used hitherto. We have systematically classified recent studies regarding the effects of natural compounds on cellular adhesion and movement, characterizing the active substances according to their organismal origin (plants, animals or fungi). Finally, we also summarize the results of recent studies and experiments on SARS-CoV-2 treatments by natural extracts affecting mainly the adhesion and entry of the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Péter
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Research Centre for Energy Research, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege u 29-33, 1120 Budapest, Hungary; (A.V.); (R.H.)
| | - Imre Boldizsár
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (I.B.); (G.M.K.)
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Semmelweis University, Üllői út 26, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gábor M. Kovács
- Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (I.B.); (G.M.K.)
- Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Erdei
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.E.); (Z.B.)
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Bajtay
- Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (A.E.); (Z.B.)
- MTA-ELTE Immunology Research Group, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Vörös
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Research Centre for Energy Research, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege u 29-33, 1120 Budapest, Hungary; (A.V.); (R.H.)
| | - Jeremy J. Ramsden
- Clore Laboratory, University of Buckingham, Buckingham MK18 1EG, UK;
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (S.B.)
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Bősze
- MTA-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd Research Network (ELKH), Institute of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (I.S.); (S.B.)
- National Public Health Center, Albert Flórián út 2-6, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Robert Horvath
- Nanobiosensorics Group, Research Centre for Energy Research, Institute for Technical Physics and Materials Science, Konkoly-Thege u 29-33, 1120 Budapest, Hungary; (A.V.); (R.H.)
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Yan C, Wang F, Peng Y, Williams CR, Jenkins B, Wildonger J, Kim HJ, Perr JB, Vaughan JC, Kern ME, Falvo MR, O'Brien ET, Superfine R, Tuthill JC, Xiang Y, Rogers SL, Parrish JZ. Microtubule Acetylation Is Required for Mechanosensation in Drosophila. Cell Rep 2019; 25:1051-1065.e6. [PMID: 30355484 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
At the cellular level, α-tubulin acetylation alters the structure of microtubules to render them mechanically resistant to compressive forces. How this biochemical property of microtubule acetylation relates to mechanosensation remains unknown, although prior studies have shown that microtubule acetylation influences touch perception. Here, we identify the major Drosophila α-tubulin acetylase (dTAT) and show that it plays key roles in several forms of mechanosensation. dTAT is highly expressed in the larval peripheral nervous system (PNS), but it is largely dispensable for neuronal morphogenesis. Mutation of the acetylase gene or the K40 acetylation site in α-tubulin impairs mechanical sensitivity in sensory neurons and behavioral responses to gentle touch, harsh touch, gravity, and vibration stimuli, but not noxious thermal stimulus. Finally, we show that dTAT is required for mechanically induced activation of NOMPC, a microtubule-associated transient receptor potential channel, and functions to maintain integrity of the microtubule cytoskeleton in response to mechanical stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Connie Yan
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Claire R Williams
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Brian Jenkins
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Jill Wildonger
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Hyeon-Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jonathan B Perr
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Joshua C Vaughan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Megan E Kern
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Michael R Falvo
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - E Timothy O'Brien
- Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - Richard Superfine
- Department of Applied and Physical Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | - John C Tuthill
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Yang Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Stephen L Rogers
- Department of Biology, Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA.
| | - Jay Z Parrish
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
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4
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Ahmmed SM, Bithi SS, Pore AA, Mubtasim N, Schuster C, Gollahon LS, Vanapalli SA. Multi-sample deformability cytometry of cancer cells. APL Bioeng 2018; 2:032002. [PMID: 31069319 PMCID: PMC6481721 DOI: 10.1063/1.5020992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition that cell deformability can play an important role in cancer metastasis and diagnostics. Advancement of methods to characterize cell deformability in a high throughput manner and the capacity to process numerous samples can impact cancer-related applications ranging from analysis of patient samples to discovery of anti-cancer compounds to screening of oncogenes. In this study, we report a microfluidic technique called multi-sample deformability cytometry (MS-DC) that allows simultaneous measurement of flow-induced deformation of cells in multiple samples at single-cell resolution using a combination of on-chip reservoirs, distributed pressure control, and data analysis system. Cells are introduced at rates of O(100) cells per second with a data processing speed of 10 min per sample. To validate MS-DC, we tested more than 50 cell-samples that include cancer cell lines with different metastatic potential and cells treated with several cytoskeletal-intervention drugs. Results from MS-DC show that (i) the cell deformability correlates with metastatic potential for both breast and prostate cancer cells but not with their molecular histotype, (ii) the strongly metastatic breast cancer cells have higher deformability than the weakly metastatic ones; however, the strongly metastatic prostate cancer cells have lower deformability than the weakly metastatic counterparts, and (iii) drug-induced disruption of the actin network, microtubule network, and actomyosin contractility increased cancer cell deformability, but stabilization of the cytoskeletal proteins does not alter deformability significantly. Our study demonstrates the capacity of MS-DC to mechanically phenotype tumor cells simultaneously in many samples for cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamim M. Ahmmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Swastika S. Bithi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Adity A. Pore
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Noshin Mubtasim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Caroline Schuster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Lauren S. Gollahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
| | - Siva A. Vanapalli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, USA
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5
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Menyhárt O, Harami-Papp H, Sukumar S, Schäfer R, Magnani L, de Barrios O, Győrffy B. Guidelines for the selection of functional assays to evaluate the hallmarks of cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2016; 1866:300-319. [PMID: 27742530 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The hallmarks of cancer capture the most essential phenotypic characteristics of malignant transformation and progression. Although numerous factors involved in this multi-step process are still unknown to date, an ever-increasing number of mutated/altered candidate genes are being identified within large-scale cancer genomic projects. Therefore, investigators need to be aware of available and appropriate techniques capable of determining characteristic features of each hallmark. We review the methods tailored to experimental cancer researchers to evaluate cell proliferation, programmed cell death, replicative immortality, induction of angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, genome instability, and reprogramming of energy metabolism. Selecting the ideal method is based on the investigator's goals, available equipment and also on financial constraints. Multiplexing strategies enable a more in-depth data collection from a single experiment - obtaining several results from a single procedure reduces variability and saves time and relative cost, leading to more robust conclusions compared to a single end point measurement. Each hallmark possesses characteristics that can be analyzed by immunoblot, RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, RNA microarray or RNA-seq. In general, flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and multiwell readers are extremely versatile tools and, with proper sample preparation, allow the detection of a vast number of hallmark features. Finally, we also provide a list of hallmark-specific genes to be measured in transcriptome-level studies. Although our list is not exhaustive, we provide a snapshot of the most widely used methods, with an emphasis on methods enabling the simultaneous evaluation of multiple hallmark features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Otília Menyhárt
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Saraswati Sukumar
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Reinhold Schäfer
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, D-69120 Heidelberg and Charité Comprehensive Cancer Center, Invalidenstr. 80, D-10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luca Magnani
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Oriol de Barrios
- Group of Transcriptional Regulation of Gene Expression, Department of Oncology and Hematology, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Balázs Győrffy
- MTA TTK Lendület Cancer Biomarker Research Group, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary; 2nd Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, H-1094 Budapest, Hungary.
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