1
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Efimov IV, Sultanova YV, Cicolella A, Talarico G, Voskressensky LG. Synthesis of pyrrolo[2,3- d]pyridazines and pyrrolo[2,3- c]pyridines (6-azaindoles). Experimental and theoretical study. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:6331-6341. [PMID: 39041071 DOI: 10.1039/d4ob00717d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
A new synthetic route towards 6-azaindoles (pyrrolo[2,3-c]pyridines) and pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyridazines starting from 4-aroyl pyrroles is described. This overall protocol involves: (i) the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction to obtain pyrrolo-2,3-dicarbonyles and (ii) condensation with hydrazines or glycine methyl ester. The reaction mechanism between pyrrolo-2,3-dicarbonyl with phenyl hydrazine and glycine methyl ester has been modelled using DFT calculations to prove the formation of one from two possible isomers of condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya V Efimov
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis of Innovative Compounds for Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Miklukho-Maklaya st, 6, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yana V Sultanova
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Giovanni Talarico
- Scuola Superiore Meridionale, Largo San Marcellino, 80138, Napoli, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, via Cintia, 80126 Napoli, Italy
| | - Leonid G Voskressensky
- Research Institute of Chemistry, Molecular Design and Synthesis of Innovative Compounds for Medicine, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 117198, Miklukho-Maklaya st, 6, Moscow, Russia.
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2
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Zhang T, Feng H. Skeletal Editing of Isatins for Heterocycle Molecular Diversity. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202400024. [PMID: 38847062 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202400024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Isatins have been widely used in the preparation of a variety of heterocyclic compounds, where the skeletal editing of isatins has shown significant advantages for the construction of diverse heterocycles. This review highlights the progress made in the last decade (2013-2023) in the skeletal editing of the isatin scaffold. A series of ring expansion reactions for the construction of quinoline skeleton, quinolone skeleton, polycyclic quinazoline skeleton, medium-sized ring skeleton, as well as a series of ring opening reactions for the generation of 2-(azoly)aniline skeleton by the cleavage of C-C bond and C-N bond are highlighted. It is hoped that this review will provide some understanding of the chemical transformations of isatins and contribute to the further realization of its molecular diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Huangdi Feng
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Center for Druggability of Cardiovascular Noncoding RNA, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University of Engineering Science, Shanghai, 201620, China
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3
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Vanga MK, Bhukya R, Thumma V, Ambadipudi SSSSS, Nayak VL, Andugulapati SB, Manga V. Design and synthesis of Meldrum's acid based 7-azaindole anchored 1,2,3-triazole hybrids as anticancer agents. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1709-1721. [PMID: 38784465 PMCID: PMC11110793 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00015c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
A series of Meldrum's acid, 7-azaindole and 1,2,3-triazole hybrids were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity against five different cancer cell lines viz. MCF-7 (breast cancer), HeLa (cervical cancer), DU-145 (prostate cancer), HepG2 (liver cancer) and K562 (myelogenous leukemia cell). Among the series, compound 6b containing a 4-methyl substitution showed potent activity against HeLa cell line. Cell cycle analysis revealed that compound 6b induced cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase and induced apoptosis. Apoptotic activity was further confirmed by Hoechst staining and Annexin V-FITC assay. Compound 6b has been found to exhibit higher activity in all four cell lines, with IC50 values of 6.67 ± 0.39 μM, 4.44 ± 0.32 μM, 12.38 ± 0.51 μM and 9.97 ± 0.25 μM against MCF-7, HeLa, DU-145 and HepG2 cell lines respectively. Compounds 6m (9.68 ± 0.10 μM) and 6n (9.52 ± 0.38 μM), which have dimethoxy and trimethoxy substitutions, respectively, have demonstrated significant anticancer activity against HeLa cells compared to the other cells. The molecular docking study of ligand 6b against the crystal structure of EGFR and Mcl-1 scored notable binding energy values and displayed important interactions like H-bond, π-cation and other hydrophobic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rambabu Bhukya
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana India
| | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College Hyderabad-500059 Telangana India
| | - S S S S Sudha Ambadipudi
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - V Lakshma Nayak
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Sai Balaji Andugulapati
- Department of Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology Hyderabad-500007 India
| | - Vijjulatha Manga
- Department of Chemistry, Osmania University Hyderabad-500007 Telangana India
- Telangana Mahila Viswavidyalayam Hyderabad - 500095 Telangana India
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4
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Talukdar V, Mondal K, Kumar Dhaked D, Das P. CuI/DMAP-Catalyzed Oxidative Alkynylation of 7-Azaindoles: Synthetic Scope and Mechanistic Studies. Chem Asian J 2024:e202300987. [PMID: 38258444 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202300987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
An efficient and practical method for the N-alkynylation of 7-azaindoles has been established by using CuI/DMAP catalytic system at room temperature and in open air. This simple protocol has been successfully employed in the synthesis of a wide range of N-alkynylated 7-azaindoles with good yields. Also, this approach is well-suited for large-scale N-alkynylation reactions. The designed N-alkynylated 7-azaindoles were further subjected to Cu-/Ir-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition (CuAAC/IrAAC) or "click" reaction for the rapid synthesis of 1,4-/1,5 disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole decorated 7-azaindoles. A mechanistic study based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ultraviolet-visible (UV) spectroscopic studies revealed that the CuI and DMAP combination formed a [CuII (DMAP)2 I2 ] species, which acts as an active catalyst. The DFT method was used to assess the energetic viability of an organometallic in the C-N bond formation pathway originating from the [CuII (DMAP)2 I2 ] complex. We expect that the newly designed Cu/DMAP/alkyne system will offer valuable insights into the field of Cu-catalyzed transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
| | - Krishanu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
| | - Devendra Kumar Dhaked
- Department of Pharmacoinformatics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, (NIPER) Kolkata, 700054, Kolkata, India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Indian Institution of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, 826004, Dhanbad (Jharkhand), India
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5
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Fan R, Wen H, Chen Z, Xia Y, Fang W. A General Protocol toward Synthesis of 3-Methylindoles Using Acenaphthoimidazolyidene-Ligated Oxazoline Palladacycle. Org Lett 2024; 26:22-28. [PMID: 38127726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c03438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
An efficient catalytic strategy toward the synthesis of N-substituted 3-methylindoles from inactive o-dihaloarenes and N-allylamines was developed by using a 1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)acenaphthoimidazol-2-ylidene (AnIPr)-ligated oxazoline palladacycle. It enabled a very broad substrate scope tolerating different functional groups, electronic properties, and steric bulkiness and afforded desired products in good to excellent yields. Importantly, it showed great potential to synthesize several bioactive compounds and key intermediates of natural products in high yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruoqian Fan
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Haili Wen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Zhen Chen
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Weiwei Fang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, China
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6
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Gardner ED, Johnson BP, Dimas DA, McClurg HE, Severance ZC, Burgett AW, Singh S. Unlocking New Prenylation Modes: Azaindoles as a New Substrate Class for Indole Prenyltransferases. ChemCatChem 2023; 15:e202300650. [PMID: 37954549 PMCID: PMC10634513 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Aza-substitution, the replacement of aromatic CH groups with nitrogen atoms, is an established medicinal chemistry strategy for increasing solubility, but current methods of accessing functionalized azaindoles are limited. In this work, indole-alkylating aromatic prenyltransferases (PTs) were explored as a strategy to directly functionalize azaindole-substituted analogs of natural products. For this, a series of aza-l-tryptophans (Aza-Trp) featuring N-substitution of every aromatic CH position of the indole ring and their corresponding cyclic Aza-l-Trp-l-proline dipeptides (Aza-CyWP), were synthesized as substrate mimetics for the indole-alkylating PTs FgaPT2, CdpNPT, and FtmPT1. We then demonstrated most of these substrate analogs were accepted by a PT, and the regioselectivity of each prenylation was heavily influenced by the position of the N-substitution. Remarkably, FgaPT2 was found to produce cationic N-prenylpyridinium products, representing not only a new substrate class for indole PTs but also a previously unobserved prenylation mode. The discovery that nitrogenous indole bioisosteres can be accepted by PTs thus provides access to previously unavailable chemical space in the search for bioactive indolediketopiperazine analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Bryce P. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Dustin A. Dimas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Heather E. McClurg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zachary C. Severance
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Anthony W. Burgett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Shanteri Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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7
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Yu M, Zeng L, Xu G, Cui S. Multicomponent Reactions for Expeditious Construction of β-Indole Carboxamide Amino Amides. J Org Chem 2023; 88:12150-12161. [PMID: 37498054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
A multicomponent reaction of N-indole carboxylic acids, aldehydes, amines, and C2 building blocks can be transformed to structurally diverse β-indole carboxamide amino amides. In this multicomponent reaction, the ynamides and triazenyl alkynes act as the C2 building block, and this protocol features readily available starting materials, high atom economy, and mild reaction conditions. Besides, the acyl triazene group in the product can be easily transformed to differential groups to expand the structural diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Yu
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Linwei Zeng
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gang Xu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Sunliang Cui
- Institute of Drug Discovery and Design, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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8
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Niu RH, Zhang J, Zhao RY, Luo QJ, Li JH, Sun B. Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed Directed C-7 Selective C-H Alkynylation of Indolines with Bromoalkynes. Org Lett 2023; 25:5411-5415. [PMID: 37458331 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c01584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A cobalt(III)-catalyzed directed C-7 alkynylation of indolines with easily accessible bromoalkynes has been developed. The reaction has a broad substrate scope with excellent yields and represents a powerful route to the synthesis of 7-alkynyl-substituted indolines. In addition, the reaction can be extended to the coupling of N-aryl 7-azaindoles, highlighting the synthetic practicability of the strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Han Niu
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Ru-Yuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Quan-Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
| | - Jin-Heng Li
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, China
| | - Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266042, China
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9
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Pan YY, Zhu XW, Shi L, Jiang G, Wu XX. Palladium-Catalyzed Heck Cyclization with P(O)H Compounds to Construct Phosphinonyl-Azaindoline and -Azaoxindole Derivatives. J Org Chem 2023; 88:9843-9852. [PMID: 37433020 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
We report herein a concise method for the construction of phosphinonyl-azaindoline and -azaoxindole derivatives via a palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization with P(O)H compounds. Various H-phosphonates, H-phosphinates, and aromatic secondary phosphine oxides are all tolerated under the reaction conditions. Furthermore, the phosphinonyl-azaindoline isomer families such as 7-, 5-, and 4-azaindolines could be synthesized in moderate to good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yun Pan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Xi-Wei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Lei Shi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Guomin Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
| | - Xin-Xing Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, P. R. China
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10
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Ballesteros-Garrido R. Recent developments in the synthesis of 4-, 5-, 6- and 7-azaindoles. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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11
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Yuan C, Pan C. Recent Advances in the N-Aryl C—H Functionalization Using 7-Azaindole as Intrinsic Directing Group. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202205034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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12
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Sandeep Kumar J, Sujeevan Reddy G, Medishetti R, Amirul Hossain K, Thirupataiah B, Edelli J, Dilip Bele S, Kristina Edwin R, Joseph A, Shenoy GG, Mallikarjuna Rao C, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted one-pot synthesis of rosuvastatin based novel azaindole derivatives via coupling-cyclization strategy under Pd/Cu-catalysis: their evaluation as potential cytotoxic agents. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105857. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Wang J, Lin Z, Zheng K, Xiao R, Qian L. Mechanistic and selectivity investigations into Fe-catalyzed 2, 3-disubstituted azaindole formation from β,β-disubstituted tetrazole. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.112032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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14
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Vanaparthi S, Mamta, Yadav J, Pawar AP, Iype E, Rana S, Kumar I. Two-pot synthesis and photophysical studies of 1,6-disubstituted 5-aza-indoles from succinaldehyde and N-aryl propargylic-imines. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:10601-10610. [PMID: 34859806 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01949j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A two-pot synthesis of 5-aza-indoles has been developed from aqueous succinaldehyde and N-aryl propargylic-imines. This overall protocol involves: (i) the metal-free [3 + 2] annulation of aqueous succinaldehyde and N-aryl propargylic-imines to access 2-alkynyl-pyrrole-3-aldehydes and (ii) Ag-catalyzed 6-endo-dig-cyclization to obtain substituted 5-aza-indoles in the second pot. The 5-aza-indoles showed engaging photophysical activities, and the practicality of this pot-economic gram-scale synthesis has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheeshvarma Vanaparthi
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Mamta
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Jyothi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Amol Prakash Pawar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Eldhose Iype
- Department of Chemical Engineering, BITS Pilani, Dubai Campus, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sravendra Rana
- University of Petroleum & Energy Studies (UPES), School of Engineering, Energy Acres, Bidholi, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Indresh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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15
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Radix S, Hallé F, Mahiout Z, Teissonnière A, Bouchez G, Auberger L, Barret R, Lomberget T. A journey through Hemetsberger‐Knittel, Leimgruber‐Batcho and Bartoli reactions: access to several hydroxy 5‐ and 6‐azaindoles. Helv Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.202100211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Thierry Lomberget
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246 Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Faculté de Pharmacie-ISPB, 8, Avenue Rockefeller, F-69373, Lyon, Cedex 08, France FRANCE
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16
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Chen H, Lu T, Qiao M, Hu J, Li C, Qi C, Zhang F. Efficient domino strategy for synthesis of 3‐substituted 1,5‐dihydro
‐4
H
‐pyrrolo[3,2‐
c
]pyridin‐4‐one derivatives. J Heterocycl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Tao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Minglong Qiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Jiawen Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Chunmei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
- College of Chemical Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou China
| | - Chenze Qi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
| | - Furen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Alternative Technologies for Fine Chemicals Process Shaoxing University Shaoxing China
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17
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Ameur Messaoud MY, Bentabed-Ababsa G, Fajloun Z, Hamze M, Halauko YS, Ivashkevich OA, Matulis VE, Roisnel T, Dorcet V, Mongin F. Deprotometalation-Iodolysis and Direct Iodination of 1-Arylated 7-Azaindoles: Reactivity Studies and Molecule Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:6314. [PMID: 34684895 PMCID: PMC8537530 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26206314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Five protocols were first compared for the copper-catalyzed C-N bond formation between 7-azaindole and aryl/heteroaryl iodides/bromides. The 1-arylated 7-azaindoles thus obtained were subjected to deprotometalation-iodolysis sequences using lithium 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidide as the base and the corresponding zinc diamide as an in situ trap. The reactivity of the substrate was discussed in light of the calculated atomic charges and the pKa values. The behavior of the 1-arylated 7-azaindoles in direct iodination was then studied, and the results explained by considering the HOMO orbital coefficients and the atomic charges. Finally, some of the iodides generated, generally original, were involved in the N-arylation of indole. While crystallographic data were collected for fifteen of the synthesized compounds, biological properties (antimicrobial, antifungal and antioxidant activity) were evaluated for others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Yacine Ameur Messaoud
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes–UMR 6226, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, 35000 Rennes, France; (M.Y.A.M.); (T.R.); (V.D.)
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université d’Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP 1524 El M’Naouer, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Ghenia Bentabed-Ababsa
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique Appliquée, Faculté des Sciences Exactes et Appliquées, Université d’Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, BP 1524 El M’Naouer, Oran 31000, Algeria
| | - Ziad Fajloun
- Laboratory of Applied Biotechnology (LBA3B), Azm Center for Research in Biotechnology and Its Applications, EDST, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon
- Faculty of Sciences 3, Campus Michel Slayman, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1352, Lebanon
| | - Monzer Hamze
- Laboratoire Microbiologie, Santé et Environnement, Doctoral School of Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Public Health, Lebanese University, Tripoli 1300, Lebanon;
| | - Yury S. Halauko
- UNESCO Chair of Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Oleg A. Ivashkevich
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus; (O.A.I.); (V.E.M.)
| | - Vadim E. Matulis
- Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Problems, Belarusian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus; (O.A.I.); (V.E.M.)
| | - Thierry Roisnel
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes–UMR 6226, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, 35000 Rennes, France; (M.Y.A.M.); (T.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Vincent Dorcet
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes–UMR 6226, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, 35000 Rennes, France; (M.Y.A.M.); (T.R.); (V.D.)
| | - Florence Mongin
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes–UMR 6226, University of Rennes, CNRS, ISCR, 35000 Rennes, France; (M.Y.A.M.); (T.R.); (V.D.)
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18
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Sawano T, Matsui T, Koga M, Ishikawa E, Takeuchi R. Iridium-catalyzed C3-selective asymmetric allylation of 7-azaindoles with secondary allylic alcohols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9684-9687. [PMID: 34555140 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of efficient synthetic methods of 7-azaindoles has been desired due to the useful biological activities and physical properties. We report the first example of the iridium-catalyzed C3-selective asymmetric allylation of 7-azaindoles with racemic secondary allylic alcohols to give only branched allylation products in good to high yields with high enantioselectivity (up to >99.5% ee). Allylic alcohols and 7-azaindoles with a variety of functional groups including halogen and heteroaromatic groups are compatible with the reaction conditions. Furthermore, transformations of the obtained allylation products are demonstrated without a significant loss of enantiomeric excess.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sawano
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Matsui
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Marina Koga
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
| | - Eri Ishikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Chubu University, 1200 Matsumoto-cho, Kasugai 487-8501, Japan.
| | - Ryo Takeuchi
- Department of Chemistry and Biological Science, Aoyama Gakuin University, 5-10-1 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5258, Japan.
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19
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Ahmed Fouad M, Ferretti F, Formenti D, Milani F, Ragaini F. Synthesis of Indoles by Reductive Cyclization of Nitro Compounds Using Formate Esters as CO Surrogates. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manar Ahmed Fouad
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Alexandria University P.O. Box 426 Alexandria 21321 Egypt
| | - Francesco Ferretti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Dario Formenti
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie – RWTH Aachen Landoltweg 1a 52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Fabio Milani
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Fabio Ragaini
- Dipartimento di Chimica Università degli Studi di Milano Via C. Golgi 19 20133 Milano Italy
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20
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Mathes C, Riss B, Rüegger U, Hueber L, Dedic D, Fei Z, Reijer C, Königsberger K, Napp M, Schlama T, Dempsey G, Lustenberger P. Using a Johnson‐Claisen Rearrangement Strategy to Construct Azaindoles – A Streamlined and Concise Route for the Commercial Process of Fevipiprant. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mathes
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Bernard Riss
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Ueli Rüegger
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Lukas Hueber
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Darija Dedic
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Zhongbo Fei
- Chemical and Analytical Development Suzhou Novartis Pharma Technology Company Ltd. Changshu, Jiangsu 215537 China
| | - Carolien Reijer
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Kurt Königsberger
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Matthias Napp
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Thierry Schlama
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Glen Dempsey
- Novartis Technical Operations/Small Molecules Novartis Ringaskiddy Limited Ringaskiddy, County Cork Ireland
| | - Philipp Lustenberger
- Chemical and Analytical Development Novartis Pharma AG CH-4056 Basel Switzerland
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21
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Sunny S, Karvembu R. Recent Advances in Cobalt‐Catalyzed, Directing‐Group‐Assisted C−H Bond Amidation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sereena Sunny
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India
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22
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Neto JSS, Zeni G. Recent Developments in the Cyclization of Alkynes and Nitrogen Compounds for the Synthesis of Indole Derivatives. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jose S. S. Neto
- Departamento de Química Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina Florianópolis Santa Catarina 88040-900 Brazil
| | - Gilson Zeni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratório de Síntese Reatividade Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios CCNE Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Santa Maria Rio Grande do Sul 97105-900 Brazil
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23
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Ru-Jian Y, Chun-Yan Z, Xiang Z, Xiong YS, Duan XM. Copper-catalyzed ortho-selective direct sulfenylation of N-aryl-7-azaindoles with disulfides. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:2901-2906. [PMID: 33725070 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00106j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
A copper-catalyzed direct C-H chalcogenation of N-aryl-azaindoles with disulfides is described. This transformation was performed using Earth abundant Cu(OAc)2 as a catalyst, benzoic acid as an additive, air as a terminal oxidant, and readily available diaryl and dialkyldisulfides (or diselenide) as chalcogenation reagents. High functional group tolerance and excellent regioselectivity are demonstrated by the efficient preparation of a wide range of ortho-sulfenylation-7-azaindoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ru-Jian
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science & Technology Normal University, Nanchang, 330013, Jiangxi, P. R.China.
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24
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Rodriguez‐Oliva I, Losada‐Garcia N, Santos AS, Marques MMB, Palomo JM. Palladium Nanocatalysts for Cascade C−N Cross‐Coupling/Heck Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Rodriguez‐Oliva
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Noelia Losada‐Garcia
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - A. Sofia Santos
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - M. Manuel B. Marques
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade Nova de Lisboa Campus de Caparica 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Jose M. Palomo
- Department of Biocatalysis Institute of Catalysis (CSIC) Marie Curie 2, Cantoblanco, Campus UAM 28049 Madrid Spain
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25
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Motati DR, Amaradhi R, Ganesh T. Recent developments in the synthesis of azaindoles from pyridine and pyrrole building blocks. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01079k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The azaindole framework is ubiquitous in bioactive natural products and pharmaceuticals. This review highlights the synthetic approaches to azaindoles with advantages and limitations, mechanistic pathways and biological importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damoder Reddy Motati
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Radhika Amaradhi
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Thota Ganesh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology
- Emory School of Medicine
- Atlanta
- USA
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26
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Ni HQ, Kevlishvili I, Bedekar PG, Barber JS, Yang S, Tran-Dubé M, Romine AM, Lu HX, McAlpine IJ, Liu P, Engle KM. Anti-selective [3+2] (Hetero)annulation of non-conjugated alkenes via directed nucleopalladation. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6432. [PMID: 33353940 PMCID: PMC7755910 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20182-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans and indolines are common substructures in medicines and natural products. Herein, we describe a method that enables direct access to these core structures from non-conjugated alkenyl amides and ortho-iodoanilines/phenols. Under palladium(II) catalysis this [3 + 2] heteroannulation proceeds in an anti-selective fashion and tolerates a wide variety of functional groups. N-Acetyl, -tosyl, and -alkyl substituted ortho-iodoanilines, as well as free -NH2 variants, are all effective. Preliminary results with carbon-based coupling partners also demonstrate the viability of forming indane core structures using this approach. Experimental and computational studies on reactions with phenols support a mechanism involving turnover-limiting, endergonic directed oxypalladation, followed by intramolecular oxidative addition and reductive elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Qi Ni
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Ilia Kevlishvili
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Pranali G Bedekar
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Joyann S Barber
- Pfizer Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Shouliang Yang
- Pfizer Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Michelle Tran-Dubé
- Pfizer Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Andrew M Romine
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Hou-Xiang Lu
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Indrawan J McAlpine
- Pfizer Oncology Medicinal Chemistry, 10770 Science Center Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA.
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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27
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Raina G, Kannaboina P, Ahmed QN, Mondal K, Das P. Palladium‐Catalyzed Barluenga‐Valdes Type Cross‐Coupling Reaction: Alkenylation of 7‐Azaindole
s. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Raina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Prakash Kannaboina
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Qazi Naveed Ahmed
- Medicinal Chemistry Division CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (IIIM) Jammu 180001 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Uttar Pradesh 201002 India
| | - Krishanu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826004 India
| | - Parthasarathi Das
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad 826004 India
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28
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Liu J, Xu G, Tang S, Chen Q, Sun J. Site-Selective Functionalization of 7-Azaindoles via Carbene Transfer and Isolation of N-Aromatic Zwitterions. Org Lett 2020; 22:9376-9380. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Guangyang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Shengbiao Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Qun Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
| | - Jiangtao Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials & Technology, School of Petrochemical Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou 213164, China
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29
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Huo X, Han J, Yan X, Zhang H, Xiong J, Liu J, Wang X, Li H, Huo L. Pd‐Catalyzed
ortho
‐C−H Olefination of Benzenesulfonamides Directed by 7‐Azaindole. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Jun Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Heng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Juan Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Huilin Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Lanzhou University 222 South Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
| | - Leiming Huo
- The Neurosurgery of the First Hospital of Lanzhou University Lanzhou University 1 West Donggang Road Lanzhou 730000, Gansu P. R. China
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30
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Kannaboina P, Mondal K, Laha JK, Das P. Recent advances in the global ring functionalization of 7-azaindoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11749-11762. [PMID: 32935671 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc04264a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The 7-azaindole building block has attracted considerable interest in the field of drug discovery in the current portfolio. Because of their powerful medicinal properties, the development of synthetic, elegant techniques for the functionalization of 7-azaindoles continues to be an active area of research. Advances in metal-catalyzed chemistry have recently supported the successful development of a number of novel and effective methods for functionalization of the 7-azaindole template. This review reports state-of-the-art functionalization chemistry of 7-azaindoles with an aspiration to highlight the global ring functionalization of 7-azaindoles that are potential as pharmacophores for various therapeutic targets. Other relevant reviews focused on 7-azaindole synthesis, properties and applications have also been reported. However, none of these reviews have been dedicated to the results achieved in the field of metal-catalyzed cross-coupling/C-H bond functionalized reactions. So we wish to discuss and summarize the advances made since 2011 in this field toward 7-azaindole functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Kannaboina
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad-826004, India.
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31
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Zard SZ. The Xanthate Route to Indolines, Indoles, and their Aza Congeners. Chemistry 2020; 26:12689-12705. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Z. Zard
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique, UMR 7652 Ecole Polytechnique 91128 Palaiseau France
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32
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Santos AS, Martins MM, Mortinho AC, Silva AM, Marques MMB. Exploring the reactivity of halogen-free aminopyridines in one-pot palladium-catalyzed C–N cross-coupling/C–H functionalization. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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33
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Hu J, Ji X, Hao S, Zhao M, Lai M, Ren T, Xi G, Wang E, Wang J, Wu Z. Regioselective C-H sulfenylation of N-sulfonyl protected 7-azaindoles promoted by TBAI: a rapid synthesis of 3-thio-7-azaindoles. RSC Adv 2020; 10:31819-31823. [PMID: 35518137 PMCID: PMC9056539 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra06635d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the regioselective C-3 sulfenylation of N-sulfonyl protected 7-azaindoles with sulfonyl chlorides. In this transformation, dual roles of TBAI serving as both promoter and desulfonylation reagent have been demonstrated. The reaction proceeded smoothly under simple conditions to afford 3-thio-7-azaindoles in moderate to good yields with broad substrate scopes. This protocol refrains from using transition-metal catalysts, strong oxidants or bases, and shows its practical synthetic value in organic synthesis. A novel, practical and highly regioselective TBAI promoted C-3 sulfenylation reaction of N-sulfonyl protected 7-azaindoles with sulfonyl chlorides is presented here.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Hu
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Xiaoming Ji
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Shuai Hao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Mingqin Zhao
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Miao Lai
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Tianbao Ren
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
| | - Gaolei Xi
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China
| | - Erbin Wang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co., Ltd. Zhengzhou Henan 450000 China
| | - Zhiyong Wu
- Flavors and Fragrance Engineering & Technology Research Center of Henan Province, College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University Zhengzhou 450002 China
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34
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The importance of indole and azaindole scaffold in the development of antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2020; 203:112506. [PMID: 32688198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2020.112506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With some indoles and azaindoles being successfully developed as anticancer drugs, the design and synthesis of indole and azaindole derivatives with remarkable antitumor activity has received increasing attention and significant progress has been made. This paper reviews the recent progress in the study of tumorigenesis, mechanism of actions and structure activity relationships about anticancer indole and azindole derivatives. Combining structure activity relationships and molecular targets-related knowledge, this review will help researchers design more effective, safe and cost-effective anticancer indoles and azindoles agents.
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35
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Liu X, Carr P, Gardiner MG, Banwell MG, Elbanna AH, Khalil ZG, Capon RJ. Levoglucosenone and Its Pseudoenantiomer iso-Levoglucosenone as Scaffolds for Drug Discovery and Development. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:13926-13939. [PMID: 32566859 PMCID: PMC7301580 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The bioderived platform molecule levoglucosenone (LGO, 1) and its readily prepared pseudoenantiomer (iso-LGO, 2) have each been subjected to α-iodination reactions with the product halides then being engaged in palladium-catalyzed Ullmann cross-coupling reactions with various bromonitropyridines. The corresponding α-pyridinylated derivatives such as 11 and 24, respectively, are produced as a result. Biological screening of such products reveals that certain of them display potent and selective antimicrobial and/or cytotoxic properties. In contrast, the azaindoles obtained by reductive cyclization of compounds such as 11 and 12 are essentially inactive in these respects. Preliminary mode-of-action studies are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- Research
School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Paul Carr
- Research
School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Michael G. Gardiner
- Research
School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Martin G. Banwell
- Research
School of Chemistry, Institute of Advanced Studies, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Institute
for Advanced and Applied Chemical Synthesis, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ahmed H. Elbanna
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Zeinab G. Khalil
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Robert J. Capon
- Institute
for Molecular Bioscience, The University
of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
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36
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Ivonin SP, Yurchenko AA, Voloshchuk VV, Yurchenko SA, Rusanov EB, Pirozhenko VV, Volochnyuk DM, Kostyuk AN. A convenient approach to 3-trifluoromethyl-6-azaindoles. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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37
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Wang J, Liu Y, Xiong Z, Zhong L, Ding S, Li L, Zhao H, Chen C, Shang Y. Palladium-catalysed dearomative aryl/cycloimidoylation of indoles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:3249-3252. [PMID: 32108847 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00402b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The first example of a dearomative palladium-catalysed isocyanide insertion reaction has been developed using functionalized isocyanides as the reaction partner of N-(2-bromobenzoyl)indoles. The imidoyl-palladium intermediate generated by tandem indole double bond/isocyanide insertion reactions could be trapped by intramolecular functional groups such as the C(sp2)-H bond and alkenes, affording diversified indoline derivatives bearing C3 imine-containing heterocycles. The dearomative aryl/cycloimidoylation of indoles proceeded smoothly in good to excellent yields with a wide functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Zhuang Xiong
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Shumin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Lianjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Haixia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Chen Chen
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China.
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38
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Dudhe P, Venkatasubbaiah K, Pathak B, Chelvam V. Serendipitous base catalysed condensation-heteroannulation of iminoesters: a regioselective route to the synthesis of 4,6-disubstituted 5-azaindoles. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1582-1587. [PMID: 32048705 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02657f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A serendipitous discovery of a novel one-pot synthesis of 4,6-disubstituted 5-azaindoles is reported herein. In the presence of Hunig's base, various N-substituted pyrrole-2-carboxaldehydes have been efficiently transformed into their corresponding 4,6-disubstituted 5-azaindoles through an imine mediated cascade condensation-heteroannulation. The synthetic value of the methodology is established by preparing a novel chemical analogue of a cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2) agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premansh Dudhe
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore-453 552, India.
| | - Krishnan Venkatasubbaiah
- School of Chemical Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research, HBNI, Bhubaneswar-752 050, Odisha, India
| | - Biswarup Pathak
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore-453 552, India.
| | - Venkatesh Chelvam
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore-453 552, India. and Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Khandwa Road, Simrol, Indore-453 552, India
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39
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Tian Y, Kong XQ, Niu J, Huang YB, Wu ZH, Xu B. Rhodium-catalyzed regioselective C(sp2)–H bond activation reactions of N-(hetero)aryl-7-azaindoles and cross-coupling with α-carbonyl sulfoxonium ylides. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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40
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Bartko SG, Hamzik PJ, Espindola L, Gomez C, Danheiser RL. Synthesis of Highly Substituted Pyridines via [4 + 2] Cycloadditions of Vinylallenes and Sulfonyl Cyanides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:548-563. [PMID: 31797669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A convergent strategy for the synthesis of multisubstituted pyridines is described. Vinylallenes combine with commercially available arylsulfonyl cyanides in Diels-Alder cycloadditions to generate isopyridine cycloadducts that are converted to pyridines upon further heating or addition of a base. The 2-sulfonylpyridine products undergo nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions with oxygen and carbon nucleophiles to provide access to a variety of highly substituted pyridines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G Bartko
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Phillip J Hamzik
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Leandro Espindola
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Christian Gomez
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Rick L Danheiser
- Department of Chemistry , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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41
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Zhou B, Yu Y, Li S, Yang Y. Ruthenium(II)-Catalyzed Regioselective C-H Hydroxymethylation of N-Aryl-azaindoles with Paraformaldehyde. HETEROCYCLES 2020. [DOI: 10.3987/com-20-14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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42
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Liu S, Yang H, Jiao LY, Zhang JH, Zhao C, Ma Y, Yang X. Regioselective deoxygenative chalcogenation of 7-azindole N-oxides promoted by I 2/PEG-200. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:10073-10087. [PMID: 31750499 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02044f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We developed a general and sustainable approach for the regioselective deoxygenative chalcogenation of 7-azindole N-oxides; the combination of an internal oxidant and a green solvent has been used successfully for the synthesis of mono- and dichalcogenyl 7-azaindoles which are of pharmaceutical interest. The regioselectivity is tunable by the variation of the reaction conditions. I2/PEG was established as an efficient and reusable catalytic system for C-H chalcogenation. This developed methodology has great potential for practical utility, with a broad substrate scope, green reaction conditions, and operational simplicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for Industry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P. R. China.
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43
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Venkateshwarlu R, Nath Singh S, Siddaiah V, Ramamohan H, Dandela R, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted one-pot synthesis of 1,2-diaryl azaindoles via Pd/C-Cu catalysis: Identification of potential cytotoxic agents. Tetrahedron Lett 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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44
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Chesnokov GA, Ageshina AA, Topchiy MA, Nechaev MS, Asachenko AF. Transition-Metal-Free Synthesis of 1,2-Disubstituted Indoles. European J Org Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201900772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gleb A. Chesnokov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Alexandra A. Ageshina
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
| | - Maxim A. Topchiy
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Mikhail S. Nechaev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
| | - Andrey F. Asachenko
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis; Russian Academy of Sciences; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy prospect 29 Russia
- Department of Chemistry; M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991 Moscow Leninskiy Gory 1 (3) Russia
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45
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Sharma N, Anurag. 7-Azaindole Analogues as Bioactive Agents and Recent Results. Mini Rev Med Chem 2019; 19:727-736. [PMID: 30264679 DOI: 10.2174/1389557518666180928154004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Azaindoles have been accepted as important structures having various biological activities in medicinal chemistry in novel drug discovery. Various azaindole derivatives have been used commercially and newer analogues are synthesized continuously. As in literature, azaindole is a very potent moiety, its derivatives displayed a number of biological activities such as kinase inhibitors, cytotoxic agents, anti-angiogenic activity, CRTh2 receptor antagonists, melanin agonists, nicotine agonists, effectiveness in alzheimer disease, cytokinin analogs, Orai inhibitors in asthma and chemokine receptor- 2 (CCR2) antagonists. This review consists of biological activities of various azaindole analogs, reported so far, and their structure activity relations, along with future perspectives in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, NH-58, Near Baghpat Crossing, Bypass Road, Meerut-250005, India
| | - Anurag
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology, NH-58, Near Baghpat Crossing, Bypass Road, Meerut-250005, India
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46
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Xiang Y, Wang C, Ding Q, Peng Y. Diazo Compounds: Versatile Synthons for the Synthesis of Nitrogen Heterocycles via
Transition Metal-Catalyzed Cascade C-H Activation/Carbene Insertion/Annulation Reactions. Adv Synth Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201800960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunyu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi's Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi's Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi's Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
| | - Yiyuan Peng
- Key Laboratory of Small Functional Organic Molecule, Ministry of Education and Jiangxi's Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry; Jiangxi Normal University; Nanchang, Jiangxi 330022 People's Republic of China
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47
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Santos AS, Mortinho AC, Marques MMB. Metal-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions on Azaindole Synthesis and Functionalization. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23102673. [PMID: 30336623 PMCID: PMC6222529 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23102673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Azaindoles are rare in nature but extremely attractive for drug discovery programs. Azaindoles can be obtained by diverse methods, including those involving metal-catalyzed reactions. This important core has been fascinating the scientific community due to their challenging synthesis and relevant bioactivity. This paper highlights the diverse synthetic methodologies developed to date involving metal-catalyzed reaction to attain azaindoles and its functionalization.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sofia Santos
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Ana C Mortinho
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
| | - M Manuel B Marques
- LAQV@REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.
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48
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49
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Zhang GT, Zhang J, Xu YJ, Dong L. Metal-Free [3+2] Tandem Cyclization Synthesis of Unique 11H
-Pyrido[3′,2′:4,5]Pyrrolo[3,2-b
]Indolizine from 7-Azaindoles and Pyridotriazoles. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Tai Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
| | - Yan-Jun Xu
- Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; 830011 Urumqi China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry; West China School of Pharmacy; Sichuan University; 610041 Chengdu China
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50
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Sun JS, Liu M, Zhang J, Dong L. Cobalt(III)-Catalyzed C–H Amidation of 7-Azaindoles with Dioxazolones: Synthesis of 7-Azaindole Amidated Derivatives. J Org Chem 2018; 83:10555-10563. [PMID: 30019899 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b01354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Shu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Man Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lin Dong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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