1
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Zieleniewska A, Zhao X, Bauroth S, Wang C, Batsanov AS, Krick Calderon C, Kahnt A, Clark T, Bryce MR, Guldi DM. Resonance-Enhanced Charge Delocalization in Carbazole-Oligoyne-Oxadiazole Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18769-18781. [PMID: 33084308 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
There are notably few literature reports of electron donor-acceptor oligoynes, even though they offer unique opportunities for studying charge transport through "all-carbon" molecular bridges. In this context, the current study focuses on a series of carbazole-(C≡C)n-2,5-diphenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazoles (n = 1-4) as conjugated π-systems in general and explores their photophysical properties in particular. Contrary to the behavior of typical electron donor-acceptor systems, for these oligoynes, the rates of charge recombination after photoexcitation increase with increasing electron donor-acceptor distance. To elucidate this unusual performance, we conducted detailed photophysical and time-dependent density functional theory investigations. Significant delocalization of the molecular orbitals along the bridge indicates that the bridging states come into resonance with either the electron donor or acceptor, thereby accelerating the charge transfer. Moreover, the calculated bond lengths reveal a reduction in bond-length alternation upon photoexcitation, indicating significant cumulenic character of the bridge in the excited state. In short, strong vibronic coupling between the electron-donating N-arylcarbazoles and the electron-accepting 1,3,4-oxadiazoles accelerates the charge recombination as the oligoyne becomes longer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Zieleniewska
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Xiaotao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan Bauroth
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Changsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Andrei S Batsanov
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Christina Krick Calderon
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Axel Kahnt
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstrasse 15, Leipzig 04318, Germany
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer Chemistry Center, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Martin R Bryce
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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2
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Chahal MK, Gobeze HB, Webre WA, Karr PA, Payne DT, Ariga K, D'Souza F, Hill JP. Electron and energy transfer in a porphyrin-oxoporphyrinogen-fullerene triad, ZnP-OxP-C 60. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14356-14363. [PMID: 32568321 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02696d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A multichromophoric triad, ZnP-OxP-C60 containing porphyrin (ZnTPP hereafter ZnP), oxoporphyrinogen (OxP) and fullerene (C60) has been synthesized to probe the intramolecular dynamics of its electron and energy transfer in relation to the presence of the closely linked electron deficient OxP-C60 'special pair', constructed as a mimic of the naturally occurring photosynthetic antenna-reaction center. The DFT optimized structure of the triad reveals the relative spatial remoteness of the ZnP entity with proximal OxP/C60 entities. Free-energetics of different energy and electron transfer events were estimated using spectral, computational and electrochemical studies, according to the Rehm-Weller approach. Femtosecond transient absorption spectral studies revealed energy transfer from 1ZnP* to OxP to yield ZnP-1OxP*-C60, and electron transfer to yield ZnP˙+-OxP-C60˙- and/or ZnP-OxP˙+-C60˙- charge seperated states. That is, the ZnP entity in the triad operates as both antenna and electron donor to generate relatively long-lived charge separated states thus mimicking the early photoevents of natural photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandeep K Chahal
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
| | - Habtom B Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA.
| | - Whitney A Webre
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA.
| | - Paul A Karr
- Department of Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Wayne State College, 111 Main Street, Wayne, Nebraska 68787, USA
| | - Daniel T Payne
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Ariga
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. and Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Texas, 1155 Union Circle, #305070, Denton, TX 76203-5017, USA.
| | - Jonathan P Hill
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Namiki 1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.
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3
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Kaur R, Possanza F, Limosani F, Bauroth S, Zanoni R, Clark T, Arrigoni G, Tagliatesta P, Guldi DM. Understanding and Controlling Short- and Long-Range Electron/Charge-Transfer Processes in Electron Donor–Acceptor Conjugates. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7898-7911. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramandeep Kaur
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabio Possanza
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Limosani
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefan Bauroth
- Computer-Chemistry-Center and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robertino Zanoni
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rome “La Sapienza”, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Timothy Clark
- Computer-Chemistry-Center and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstrasse 25, 91052 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Giorgio Arrigoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Via U. Bassi 58/B, Padova, Italy
- Proteomics Center, University of Padova and Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, via G. Orus 2/B, Padova, Italy
| | - Pietro Tagliatesta
- Department of Chemical Science and Technologies, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Nierengarten J. Weak Intramolecular Interactions to Stabilize Supramolecular Fullerene‐Porphyrin Conjugates and to Control the Conformation of Multiporphyrinic Arrays. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean‐François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA‐UMR 7042) Ecole Européenne de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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5
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Hügel M, Dechant M, Scheuring N, Ghosh T, Lehmann M. Fullerene‐Filled Stilbene Stars: The Balance between Isolated C60Helices and 3D Networks in Liquid‐Crystal Self‐Assemblies. Chemistry 2019; 25:3352-3361. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Hügel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversity of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Moritz Dechant
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversity of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Nikolai Scheuring
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversity of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Tapas Ghosh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversity of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
| | - Matthias Lehmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Center for Nanosystems ChemistryUniversity of Würzburg Am Hubland 97074 Würzburg Germany
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6
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Meichsner E, Nierengarten I, Holler M, Chessé M, Nierengarten JF. A Fullerene-Substituted Pillar[5]arene for the Construction of a Photoactive Rotaxane. Helv Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201800059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Meichsner
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042); 25 rue Becquerel FR-67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Iwona Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042); 25 rue Becquerel FR-67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Michel Holler
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042); 25 rue Becquerel FR-67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Matthieu Chessé
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042); 25 rue Becquerel FR-67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Jean-François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (LIMA - UMR 7042); 25 rue Becquerel FR-67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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7
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Sabounchei SJ, Badpa K, Hashemi A, Salehzadeh S, Maleki F, Hosseinzadeh L. Synthesis, characterization and theoretical and fluorescence emission microscopy studies of new Pd/Pt-cyclopropa[60]fullerene complexes: Application of Taguchi method for optimization of parameters in Suzuki-Miyaura reaction. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khadijeh Badpa
- Faculty of Chemistry; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Ali Hashemi
- Faculty of Chemistry; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | | | - Farahnaz Maleki
- Faculty of Chemistry; Bu-Ali Sina University; Hamedan 65174 Iran
| | - Leila Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center; Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences; Kermanshah Iran
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8
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Pieper P, Russo V, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Deschenaux R. Liquid-Crystalline Tris[60]fullerodendrimers. J Org Chem 2018; 83:3208-3219. [PMID: 29493239 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Liquid-crystalline tris[60]fullerodendrimers based on first- and second-generation poly(arylester)dendrons carrying cyanobiphenyl mesogens were synthesized for the first time by the olefin cross-metathesis reaction between type I (terminal) and type II (α,β-unsaturated carbonyl) olefinic precursors, using a second-generation Grubbs or Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst. The modular synthetic approach developed here also allowed the selective preparation of the [60]fullerene-free, mono[60]fullerodendrimer, and bis[60]fullerodendrimer derivatives from the appropriate precursors. As revealed by polarized optical microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and small-angle X-ray scattering, all of the materials displayed liquid-crystalline properties. In agreement with the nature of the dendritic building blocks, the emergence of lamellar mesophases (smectic C and/or smectic A phases), with the segregation of the various constitutive parts, was systematically observed. The small variation of the mesomorphic temperature range and of the mesophase stability suggested that the mesomorphism is essentially dominated by the dendrimer itself and is regulated by a subtle adaptive mechanism, in which the proportion of monolayering and bilayering arrangements of the multisegregated lamellar mesophases is modified in order to compensate the space requirements of each of the elementary building blocks, namely, the [60]fullerene units, the cyanobiphenyl mesogens, and the dendritic matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Pieper
- Institut de Chimie , Université de Neuchâtel , Avenue de Bellevaux 51 , 2000 Neuchâtel , Switzerland
| | - Virginie Russo
- Institut de Chimie , Université de Neuchâtel , Avenue de Bellevaux 51 , 2000 Neuchâtel , Switzerland
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 , CNRS-Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, BP43 , 67034 CEDEX 2 Strasbourg , France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 , CNRS-Université de Strasbourg , 23 rue du Loess, BP43 , 67034 CEDEX 2 Strasbourg , France
| | - Robert Deschenaux
- Institut de Chimie , Université de Neuchâtel , Avenue de Bellevaux 51 , 2000 Neuchâtel , Switzerland
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9
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Russo V, Pieper P, Heinrich B, Donnio B, Deschenaux R. Design, Synthesis, and Self-Assembly Behavior of Liquid-Crystalline Bis-[60]Fullerodendrimers. Chemistry 2016; 22:17366-17376. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Russo
- Institut de Chimie; Université de Neuchâtel; Avenue de Bellevaux 51 2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Pauline Pieper
- Institut de Chimie; Université de Neuchâtel; Avenue de Bellevaux 51 2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
| | - Benoît Heinrich
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504; CNRS-Université de Strasbourg; 23 rue du Lœss, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Bertrand Donnio
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504; CNRS-Université de Strasbourg; 23 rue du Lœss, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Robert Deschenaux
- Institut de Chimie; Université de Neuchâtel; Avenue de Bellevaux 51 2000 Neuchâtel Switzerland
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10
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Lederer M, Hahn U, Strub JM, Cianférani S, Van Dorsselaer A, Nierengarten JF, Torres T, Guldi DM. Probing Supramolecular Interactions between a Crown Ether Appended Zinc Phthalocyanine and an Ammonium Group Appended to a C60
Derivative. Chemistry 2016; 22:2051-2059. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Lederer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-, Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax
| | - Uwe Hahn
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain), Fax
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509); Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM); 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France), Fax
| | - Jean-Marc Strub
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO); IPHC; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178; 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Sarah Cianférani
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO); IPHC; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178; 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Alain Van Dorsselaer
- BioOrganic Mass Spectrometry Laboratory (LSMBO); IPHC; Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR7178; 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg France
| | - Jean-François Nierengarten
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux Moléculaires; Université de Strasbourg et CNRS (UMR 7509); Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM); 25 rue Becquerel 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France), Fax
| | - Tomas Torres
- Departamento de Química Orgánica; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; 28049 Madrid Spain), Fax
- IMDEA-Nanociencia, c/Faraday 9; Campus de Cantoblanco 28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Dirk M. Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy; Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM); Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-, Nürnberg; Egerlandstrasse 3 91058 Erlangen Germany), Fax
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11
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Liu L, Eisenbrandt P, Roland T, Polkehn M, Schwartz PO, Bruchlos K, Omiecienski B, Ludwigs S, Leclerc N, Zaborova E, Léonard J, Méry S, Burghardt I, Haacke S. Controlling charge separation and recombination by chemical design in donor–acceptor dyads. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:18536-48. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp00644b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated donor–acceptor block co-oligomers that self-organize into D–A mesomorphic arrays have raised increasing interest due to their potential applications in organic solar cells.
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12
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Pagona G, Stergiou A, Gobeze HB, Rotas G, D'Souza F, Tagmatarchis N. Photoinduced charge separation in an oligophenylenevinylene-based Hamilton-type receptor supramolecularly associating two C60-barbiturate guests. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:811-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05657h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Ultrafast photoinduced charge separation in a C60/OPV/C60 superstructure formed upon multiple hydrogen bonding was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Pagona
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute
- National Hellenic Research Foundation
- Athens 11635
- Greece
| | - A. Stergiou
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute
- National Hellenic Research Foundation
- Athens 11635
- Greece
| | - H. B. Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - G. Rotas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute
- National Hellenic Research Foundation
- Athens 11635
- Greece
| | - F. D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry
- University of North Texas
- Denton
- USA
| | - N. Tagmatarchis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute
- National Hellenic Research Foundation
- Athens 11635
- Greece
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13
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Antony MP, Moehl T, Wielopolski M, Moser JE, Nair S, Yu YJ, Kim JH, Kay KY, Jung YS, Yoon KB, Grätzel C, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M. Long-Range π-Conjugation in Phenothiazine-containing Donor-Acceptor Dyes for Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3859-3868. [PMID: 26616683 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Four organic donor-π-bridge-acceptor dyes containing phenothiazine as a spacer and cyanoacrylic acid as an acceptor were synthesized and tested as sensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The influence of iodide- and cobalt-based redox electrolytes on the photovoltaic device performance was investigated. In these new dyes, systematic π-conjugation was extended by inserting one or two phenothiazine moieties and investigated within the context of the resulting photoinduced charge-transfer properties. A detailed investigation, including transient absorption spectroscopy and quantum chemical methods, provided important information on the role of extended π-conjugation on the photophysical properties and photovoltaic device performance. Overall, the results showed that the extension of π-conjugation by one phenothiazine unit resulted in the best device performance owing to reduced recombination rates, whereas extension by two phenothiazine units reduced dye adsorption on TiO2 probably owing to the increase in molecular size. The performance of the dyes in DSCs was found to be a complex interaction between dye structure and size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mini P Antony
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita lane, Edappally, Cochin-41, 682041, India
| | - Thomas Moehl
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mateusz Wielopolski
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jacques-E Moser
- Photochemical Dynamics Group, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shantikumar Nair
- Amrita Centre for Nanosciences and Molecular Medicine, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amrita lane, Edappally, Cochin-41, 682041, India
| | | | | | - Kwang-Yol Kay
- Solar Sys Co., Ltd., BI Center.
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 443-749, Korea.
| | - Young-Sam Jung
- Korea Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 121-742, Korea
| | - Kyung Byung Yoon
- Korea Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, Seoul, 121-742, Korea
| | - Carole Grätzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shaik M Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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14
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Motoyoshiya J, Takigawa S. Peroxyoxalate chemiluminescence enhanced by oligophenylenevinylene fluorophores in the presence of various surfactants. LUMINESCENCE 2014; 29:772-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bio.2619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2013] [Revised: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiro Motoyoshiya
- Course of Applied Chemistry, Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
| | - Setsuko Takigawa
- Course of Applied Chemistry, Division of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology; Shinshu University; Ueda Nagano 386-8567 Japan
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15
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16
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Praveen VK, Ranjith C, Bandini E, Ajayaghosh A, Armaroli N. Oligo(phenylenevinylene) hybrids and self-assemblies: versatile materials for excitation energy transfer. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:4222-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60406c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The engineering of the nanostructure of OPV based self-assemblies allows control of photoinduced energy transfer processes, leading to materials exhibiting tunable luminescence colours, including white.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vakayil K. Praveen
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Choorikkat Ranjith
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica
- Università degli Studi di Milano
- 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Bandini
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Ayyappanpillai Ajayaghosh
- Photosciences and Photonics Group
- Chemical Sciences and Technology Division
- CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST)
- Trivandrum 695019, India
| | - Nicola Armaroli
- Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISOF-CNR)
- 40129 Bologna, Italy
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17
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Huang L, Cui X, Therrien B, Zhao J. Energy-funneling-based broadband visible-light-absorbing bodipy-C60 triads and tetrads as dual functional heavy-atom-free organic triplet photosensitizers for photocatalytic organic reactions. Chemistry 2013; 19:17472-82. [PMID: 24318269 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201302492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
C60-bodipy triads and tetrads based on the energy-funneling effect that show broadband absorption in the visible region have been prepared as novel triplet photosensitizers. The new photosensitizers contain two or three different light-harvesting antennae associated with different absorption wavelengths, resulting in a broad absorption band (450-650 nm). The panchromatic excitation energy harvested by the bodipy moieties is funneled into a spin converter (C60), thus ensuring intersystem crossing and population of the triplet state. Nanosecond time-resolved transient absorption and spin density analysis indicated that the T1 state is localized on either C60 or the antennae, depending on the T1 energy levels of the two entities. The antenna-localized T1 state shows a longer lifetime (τ(T)=132.9 μs) than the C60-localized T1 state (ca. 27.4 μs). We found that the C60 triads and tetrads can be used as dual functional photocatalysts, that is, singlet oxygen ((1)O2) and superoxide radical anion (O2(.-)) photosensitizers. In the photooxidation of naphthol to juglone, the (1)O2 photosensitizing ability of the C60 triad is a factor of 8.9 greater than the conventional triplet photosensitizers tetraphenylporphyrin and methylene blue. The C60 dyads and triads were also used as photocatalysts for O2(.-)-mediated aerobic oxidation of aromatic boronic acids to produce phenols. The reaction times were greatly reduced compared with when [Ru(bpy)3Cl2] was used as photocatalyst. Our study of triplet photosensitizers has shown that broadband absorption in the visible spectral region and long-lived triplet excited states can be useful for the design of new heavy-atom-free organic triplet photosensitizers and for the application of these triplet photosensitizers in photo-organocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, E-208, West Campus, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024 (P.R. China), Fax: (+86) 411-8498-6236
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18
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Rudolf M, Feng L, Slanina Z, Akasaka T, Nagase S, Guldi DM. A metallofullerene electron donor that powers an efficient spin flip in a linear electron donor-acceptor conjugate. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:11165-74. [PMID: 23805844 DOI: 10.1021/ja403763e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dream target of artificial photosynthesis is the realization of long-lived radical ion pair states that power catalytic centers and, consequently, the production of solar fuels. Notably, magnetic field effects, especially internal magnetic field effects, are rarely employed in this context. Here, we report on a linear Lu3N@Ih-C80-PDI electron donor-acceptor conjugate, in which the presence of the Lu3N cluster exerts an appreciable electron nuclear hyperfine coupling on the charge transfer dynamics. As such, a fairly efficient radical ion pair intersystem crossing converts the initially formed singlet radical ion pair state, (1)[(Lu3N@Ih-C80)(•+)-PDI(•-)], to the corresponding triplet radical ion pair state, (3)[(Lu3N@Ih-C80)(•+)-PDI(•-)]. Most notably, the radical ion pair state lifetime of the latter is nearly 1000 times longer than that of the former.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Rudolf
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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19
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Schubert C, Wielopolski M, Mewes LH, de Miguel Rojas G, van der Pol C, Moss KC, Bryce MR, Moser JE, Clark T, Guldi DM. Precise Control of Intramolecular Charge-Transport: The Interplay of Distance and Conformational Effects. Chemistry 2013; 19:7575-86. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201204055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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20
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Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Optical/Electronic Properties of Sphere-Rod Shape Amphiphiles Based on a [60]FullereneOligofluorene Conjugate. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:1223-31. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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KUMAR KSENTHIL, PATNAIK ARCHITA. Thermodynamic, kinetic and electronic structure aspects of a charge-transfer active bichromophoric organofullerene. J CHEM SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-013-0389-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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22
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Tagliatesta P, Lembo A, Leoni A. Synthesis and characterization of eight new tetraphenylporphyrins bearing one or two ferrocenes on the β-pyrrole positions. NEW J CHEM 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00896g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Fukuzumi S, Ohkubo K. Long-lived photoinduced charge separation for solar cell applications in supramolecular complexes of multi-metalloporphyrins and fullerenes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15846-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51883c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Lee SH, Larsen AG, Ohkubo K, Cai ZL, Reimers JR, Fukuzumi S, Crossley MJ. Long-lived long-distance photochemically induced spin-polarized charge separation in β,β′-pyrrolic fused ferrocene-porphyrin-fullerene systems. Chem Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c1sc00614b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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26
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Yang P, Wu W, Zhao J, Huang D, Yi X. Using C60-bodipy dyads that show strong absorption of visible light and long-lived triplet excited states as organic triplet photosensitizers for triplet–triplet annihilation upconversion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm34353c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Amin AN, El-Khouly ME, Subbaiyan NK, Zandler ME, Fukuzumi S, D'Souza F. A novel BF2-chelated azadipyrromethene–fullerene dyad: synthesis, electrochemistry and photodynamics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:206-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cc16071k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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28
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Bu L, Guo X, Yu B, Fu Y, Qu Y, Xie Z, Yan D, Geng Y, Wang F. Donor–acceptor liquid crystalline conjugated cooligomers for the preparation of films with the ideal morphology for bulk heterojunction solar cells. POLYMER 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2011.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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29
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Urbani M, Pelado B, de la Cruz P, Yamanaka KI, Ito O, Langa F. Synthesis and photoinduced energy- and electron-transfer processes of C60-oligothienylenevinylene-C70 dumbbell compounds. Chemistry 2011; 17:5432-44. [PMID: 21465581 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201002318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Unsymmetric dumbbell molecules based on N-methylpyrrolidine[60]fullerene, oligothienylenevinylenes (nTV; n=2, 4), and N-methylpyrrolidine[70]fullerene, namely, C(60) -nTV-C(70) were synthesized and their photophysical properties were studied. In nonpolar solvents, photoinduced energy-transfer process predominantly takes place from the singlet excited state of nTV to C(60) and C(70) , as was confirmed by time-resolved emission and transient absorption spectroscopy. In polar solvent, charge-separation processes take place instead of energy transfer. The generated charge-separated radical-ion pairs decay to the neutral molecules by a fast charge-recombination process; for n=4, a rate constant of 2×10(7) s(-1) and lifetime of 50 ns were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Urbani
- Instituto de Nanociencia, Nanotecnología y Materiales Moleculares (INAMOL), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071-Toledo, Spain
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30
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Hahn U, Nierengarten JF, Delavaux-Nicot B, Monti F, Chiorboli C, Armaroli N. Fullerodendrimers with a perylenediimide core. NEW J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1nj20333a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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31
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Iehl J, Vartanian M, Holler M, Nierengarten JF, Delavaux-Nicot B, Strub JM, Van Dorsselaer A, Wu Y, Mohanraj J, Yoosaf K, Armaroli N. Photoinduced electron transfer in a clicked fullerene–porphyrin conjugate. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02310h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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32
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Kim J, Yun MH, Lee J, Kim JY, Wudl F, Yang C. A synthetic approach to a fullerene-rich dendron and its linear polymer via ring-opening metathesis polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:3078-80. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05470d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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33
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Sigwalt D, Holler M, Iehl J, Nierengarten JF, Nothisen M, Morin E, Remy JS. Gene delivery with polycationic fullerene hexakis-adducts. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:4640-2. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc05783e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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34
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Anthony JE, Facchetti A, Heeney M, Marder SR, Zhan X. n-Type organic semiconductors in organic electronics. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2010; 22:3876-3892. [PMID: 20715063 DOI: 10.1002/adma.200903628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 632] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Organic semiconductors have been the subject of intensive academic and commercial interest over the past two decades, and successful commercial devices incorporating them are slowly beginning to enter the market. Much of the focus has been on the development of hole transporting, or p-type, semiconductors that have seen a dramatic rise in performance over the last decade. Much less attention has been devoted to electron transporting, or so called n-type, materials, and in this paper we focus upon recent developments in several classes of n-type materials and the design guidelines used to develop them.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506, USA.
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35
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Chu CC, Raffy G, Ray D, Guerzo AD, Kauffmann B, Wantz G, Hirsch L, Bassani DM. Self-Assembly of Supramolecular Fullerene Ribbons via Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions and Their Impact on Fullerene Electronic Interactions and Charge Carrier Mobility. J Am Chem Soc 2010; 132:12717-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ja104750f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Che Chu
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Raffy
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Debdas Ray
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - André Del Guerzo
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Brice Kauffmann
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Guillaume Wantz
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Lionel Hirsch
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Dario M. Bassani
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, CNRS UMR 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 351, Cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France, Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, UMS 3033 CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, 33607 Pessac, France, and Laboratoire d’Intégration des Matériaux aux Systèmes, CNRS UMR 5218, Université de Bordeaux, Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux, ENSCBP, 16 Av. Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
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36
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Rondeau-Gagné S, Curutchet C, Grenier F, Scholes GD, Morin JF. Synthesis, characterization and DFT calculations of new ethynyl-bridged C60 derivatives. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.03.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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37
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Kumar KS, Patnaik A. Intramolecular electronic communication in a dimethylaminoazobenzene-fullerene C60 dyad: an experimental and TD-DFT study. J Comput Chem 2010; 31:1182-94. [PMID: 19827143 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
An electronically push-pull type dimethylaminoazobenzene-fullerene C(60) hybrid was designed and synthesized by tailoring N,N-dimethylaniline as an electron donating auxochrome that intensified charge density on the beta-azonitrogen, and on N-methylfulleropyrrolidine (NMFP) as an electron acceptor at the 4 and 4' positions of the azobenzene moiety, respectively. The absorption and charge transfer behavior of the hybrid donor-bridge-acceptor dyad were studied experimentally and by performing TD-DFT calculations. The TD-DFT predicted charge transfer interactions of the dyad ranging from 747 to 601 nm were experimentally observed in the UV-vis spectra at 721 nm in toluene and dichloromethane. A 149 mV anodic shift in the first reduction potential of the N=N group of the dyad in comparison with the model aminoazobenzene derivative further supported the phenomenon. Analysis of the charge transfer band through the orbital picture revealed charge displacement from the n((N=N)) (nonbonding) and pi ((N=N)) type orbitals centered on the donor part to the purely fullerene centered LUMOs and LUMO+n orbitals, delocalized over the entire molecule. The imposed electronic perturbations on the aminoazobenzene moiety upon coupling it with C(60) were analyzed by comparing the TD-DFT predicted and experimentally observed electronic transition energies of the dyad with the model compounds, NMFP and (E)-N,N-dimethyl-4-(p-tolyldiazenyl)aniline (AZNME). The n((N=N)) --> pi*((N=N)) and pi((N=N)) --> pi*((N=N)) transitions of the dyad were bathochromically shifted with a significant charge transfer character. The shifting of pi((N=N)) --> pi*((N=N)) excitation energy closer to the n --> pi*((N=N)) in comparison with the model aminoazobenzene emphasized the predominant existence of charge separated quinonoid-like ground state electronic structure. Increasing solvent polarity introduced hyperchromic effect in the pi((N=N)) --> pi*((N=N)) electronic transition at the expense of transitions involved with benzenic states, and the extent of intensity borrowing was quantified adopting the Gaussian deconvolution method. On a comparative scale, the predicted excitation energies were in reasonable agreement with the observed values, demonstrating the efficiency of TD-DFT in predicting the localized and the charge transfer nature of transitions involved with large electronically asymmetric molecules with HOMO and LUMO centered on different parts of the molecular framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600 036, India
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38
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Wijesinghe CA, El-Khouly ME, Blakemore JD, Zandler ME, Fukuzumi S, D'Souza F. Charge stabilization in a closely spaced ferrocene–boron dipyrrin–fullerene triad. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:3301-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c000565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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39
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Gholamkhass B, Peckham TJ, Holdcroft S. Poly(3-hexylthiophene) bearing pendant fullerenes: aggregation vs. self-organization. Polym Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/b9py00384c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Hill JP, El-Khouly ME, Charvet R, Subbaiyan NK, Ariga K, Fukuzumi S, D'Souza F. Effect of anion binding on charge stabilization in a bis-fullerene–oxoporphyrinogen conjugate. Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:7933-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc03167d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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41
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Molina-Ontoria A, Fernández G, Wielopolski M, Atienza C, Sánchez L, Gouloumis A, Clark T, Martín N, Guldi DM. Self-association and electron transfer in donor-acceptor dyads connected by meta-substituted oligomers. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:12218-29. [PMID: 19705914 DOI: 10.1021/ja9024269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new series of electron donor-acceptor conjugates (5, 10, 13, and 16) in which the electron acceptor--C(60)--and the electron donor--pi-extended tetrathiafulvalene (exTTF)--are bridged by means of m-phenyleneethynylene spacers of variable length is reported. The unexpected self-association of these hybrids was first detected to occur in the gas phase by means of MALDI-TOF spectrometry and subsequently corroborated in solution by utilizing concentration-dependent and variable-temperature (1)H NMR experiments. Furthermore, the ability of these new conjugates to form wirelike structures upon deposition onto a mica surface has been demonstrated by AFM spectroscopy. In light of their photoactivity and redoxactivity, 5, 10, 13, and 16 were probed in concentration-dependent photophysical experiments. Importantly, absorption and fluorescence revealed subtle dissimilarities for the association constants, that is, a dependence on the length of the m-phenylene spacers. The binding strength is in 5 greatly reduced when compared with those in 10, 13, and 16. Not only that, the spacer length also plays a decisive role in governing excited-state interactions in the corresponding electron donor-acceptor conjugates (5, 10, 13, and 16). To this end, 5, in which the photo- and electroactive constituents are bridged by just one aromatic ring, displays--exclusively and independent of the concentration (10(-6) to 10(-4) M)--efficient intramolecular electron transfer events on the basis of a "through-bond" mechanism. On the contrary, the lack of conjugation throughout the bridges in 10 (two m-phenyleneethynylene rings), 13 (three m-phenyleneethynylene rings), and 16 (four m-phenyleneethynylene rings) favors at low concentration (10(-6) M) "through space" intramolecular electron transfer events. These are, however, quite ineffective and, in turn, lead to excited-state deactivations that are at high concentrations (10(-4) M) dominated by intracomplex electron transfer events, namely, between exTTF of one molecule and C(60) of another molecule, and that stabilize the resulting radical ion pair state with lifetimes reaching 4.0 micros.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustín Molina-Ontoria
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Complutense, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
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Figueira-Duarte TM, Lloveras V, Vidal-Gancedo J, Delavaux-Nicot B, Duhayon C, Veciana J, Rovira C, Nierengarten JF. Ground State Electronic Interactions in Macrocyclic Fullerene Bis-Adducts Functionalized with Bridging Conjugated Oligomers. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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43
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Gégout A, Nierengarten JF, Delavaux-Nicot B, Duhayon C, Saquet A, Listorti A, Belbakra A, Chiorboli C, Armaroli N. Fullerene Derivatives Functionalized with Diethylamino-Substituted Conjugated Oligomers: Synthesis and Photoinduced Electron Transfer. Chemistry 2009; 15:8825-33. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200901216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Figueira-Duarte TM, Gégout A, Olivier J, Cardinali F, Nierengarten JF. Bismalonates Constructed on a Hexaphenylbenzene Scaffold for the Synthesis ofEquatorialFullerene Bisadducts. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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45
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Ramos CIV, Santana-Marques MG, Enes RF, Tomé AC, Cavaleiro JAS, Nogueras M. Gas-phase fragmentation of protonated C60-pyrimidine derivatives. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2009; 44:911-919. [PMID: 19194997 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (ESI/MS/MS) and multiple stage mass spectrometry (MSn, n > 2) were used in the positive ion mode, with two different types of mass spectrometers, a quadrupole time-of-flight and an ion trap, to characterize two sets of different types of C60-aminopyrimidine exohedral derivatives. In one set, the pyrimidine moiety bears an amino acid methyl ester residue, and in the other the pyrimidine ring is part of a nucleoside-type moiety, the latter existing as two separated diastereoisomers.We have found that retro-cycloaddition processes occur for the closed shell protonated species formed by electrospraying C60 derivatives synthesized by Diels-Alder reactions, whereas for the C60 derivatives synthesized via 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions, these processes did not occur. Formation of diagnostic ions allowed the differentiation between the two groups of fullerene derivatives, and between the diastereoisomers of C60 derivatives with a nucleoside-type moiety. In general, the fragmentation processes are strongly dependent on the protonation sites and on the structure of the exohedral moieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina I V Ramos
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Bazaco RB, Segura JL, Seoane C. Recent advances in the design, synthesis and study of covalent conjugated oligomer–C60 ensembles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1135/cccc2008218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
This review presents an overview of the most recent results in the field of conjugated oligomer covalently attached to the C60 sphere focusing mainly on donor–conjugated oligomer–C60 triads and conjugated oligomer–multifullerene materials. Well-defined monodisperse oligomers as new materials that exhibit interesting optoelectronic properties have been the subject of intense study during the last decade. In this regard, a huge amount of work has been devoted to the development of new synthetic strategies toward the synthesis of conjugated oligomeric materials with precise length and constitution and to their chemical functionalization in order to incorporate them into more complex molecular and supramolecular architectures. An important area of research in the field of conjugated oligomers involves the design and synthesis of donor–acceptor ensembles by combination of monodisperse π-conjugated oligomeric systems with C60 fullerene. Such hybrid systems have shown excited-state interactions making them excellent candidates for fundamental photophysical studies. In addition, these materials have found applications in the field of photovoltaic devices. A review with 70 references.
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López-Martínez EI, Rodríguez-Valdez LM, Flores-Holguín N, Márquez-Lucero A, Glossman-Mitnik D. Theoretical study of electronic properties of organic photovoltaic materials. J Comput Chem 2009; 30:1027-37. [PMID: 18942732 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.21126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erika Ivonne López-Martínez
- NANOCOSMOS Group and PRINATEC, Centro de Investigación en Materiales Avanzados S.C. Chihuahua, Chih C.P. 31109, México
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Wang J, Shen Y, Kessel S, Fernandes P, Yoshida K, Yagai S, Kurth D, Möhwald H, Nakanishi T. Self-Assembly Made Durable: Water-Repellent Materials Formed by Cross-Linking Fullerene Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200900106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Wang J, Shen Y, Kessel S, Fernandes P, Yoshida K, Yagai S, Kurth D, Möhwald H, Nakanishi T. Self-Assembly Made Durable: Water-Repellent Materials Formed by Cross-Linking Fullerene Derivatives. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009; 48:2166-70. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200900106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Holler M, Urbani M, Gégout A, Zhang S, Nierengarten JF. Synthesis of isomeric phenyleneethynylene dendrons and their incorporation in fullerene-based dyads. CR CHIM 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2008.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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