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Insulin‑like growth factor axis: A potential nanotherapy target for resistant cervical cancer tumors (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:128. [PMID: 36844628 PMCID: PMC9950333 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is among the most frequently occurring neoplasms worldwide, and it particularly affects individuals in developing countries. Factors such as the low quality of screening tests, the high incidence of locally advanced cancer stages and the intrinsic resistance of certain tumors are the main causes of failure in the treatment of this neoplasm. Due to advances in the understanding of carcinogenic mechanisms and bioengineering research, advanced biological nanomaterials have been manufactured. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system comprises multiple growth factor receptors, including IGF receptor 1. These receptors are activated by binding to their respective growth factor ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, and insulin, and play an important role in the development, maintenance, progression, survival and treatment resistance of cervical cancer. In the present review, the role of the IGF system in cervical cancer and three nanotechnological applications that use elements of this system are described, namely Trap decoys, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and protein nanotubes. Their use in the treatment of resistant cervical cancer tumors is also discussed.
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Audette GF, Yaseen A, Bragagnolo N, Bawa R. Protein Nanotubes: From Bionanotech towards Medical Applications. Biomedicines 2019; 7:biomedicines7020046. [PMID: 31234611 PMCID: PMC6630890 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines7020046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanobiotechnology involves the study of structures found in nature to construct nanodevices for biological and medical applications with the ultimate goal of commercialization. Within a cell most biochemical processes are driven by proteins and associated macromolecular complexes. Evolution has optimized these protein-based nanosystems within living organisms over millions of years. Among these are flagellin and pilin-based systems from bacteria, viral-based capsids, and eukaryotic microtubules and amyloids. While carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and protein/peptide-CNT composites, remain one of the most researched nanosystems due to their electrical and mechanical properties, there are many concerns regarding CNT toxicity and biodegradability. Therefore, proteins have emerged as useful biotemplates for nanomaterials due to their assembly under physiologically relevant conditions and ease of manipulation via protein engineering. This review aims to highlight some of the current research employing protein nanotubes (PNTs) for the development of molecular imaging biosensors, conducting wires for microelectronics, fuel cells, and drug delivery systems. The translational potential of PNTs is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald F Audette
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Ayat Yaseen
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Nicholas Bragagnolo
- Department of Chemistry and the Centre for Research on Biomolecular Interactions, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
| | - Raj Bawa
- Patent Law Department, Bawa Biotech LLC, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.
- Guanine Inc., Rensselaer, NY 12144-3463, USA.
- Pharmaceutical Research Institute of Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Asampille G, Verma BK, Swain M, Shettar A, Rosenzweig SA, Kondaiah P, Atreya HS. An ultra-stable redox-controlled self-assembling polypeptide nanotube for targeted imaging and therapy in cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2018; 16:101. [PMID: 30526620 PMCID: PMC6286583 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-018-0427-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce a self-assembling polypeptide-based nanotube system having the ability to specifically target cancer cells. The nanotubes target the cancer cell surface through integrin engagement with the help of multiple RGD units present along their surface. While the nanotubes are non-toxic towards cells in general, they can be loaded with suitable drugs to be released in a sustained manner in cancer cells. In addition, the nanotubes can be utilized for cellular imaging using any covalently tagged fluorescent dye. They are stable over a wide range of temperature due to intermolecular disulphide bonds formed during the self-assembly process. At the same time, presence of disulphide bonds provides a redox molecular switch for their degradation. Taken together this system provides a unique avenue for multimodal formulation in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gitanjali Asampille
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Brijesh Kumar Verma
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Monalisa Swain
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Abhijith Shettar
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.,Biotechnology Engineering, Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, Karnataka, 560054, India
| | - Steven A Rosenzweig
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology, & Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
| | - Hanudatta S Atreya
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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Brahmkhatri VP, Prasanna C, Atreya HS. Insulin-like growth factor system in cancer: novel targeted therapies. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:538019. [PMID: 25866791 PMCID: PMC4383470 DOI: 10.1155/2015/538019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are essential for growth and survival that suppress apoptosis and promote cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, and metastatic activities in various cancers. The IGFs actions are mediated through the IGF-1 receptor that is involved in cell transformation induced by tumour. These effects depend on the bioavailability of IGFs, which is regulated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). We describe here the role of the IGF system in cancer, proposing new strategies targeting this system. We have attempted to expand the general viewpoint on IGF-1R, its inhibitors, potential limitations of IGF-1R, antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and IGFBP actions. This review discusses the emerging view that blocking IGF via IGFBP is a better option than blocking IGF receptors. This can lead to the development of novel cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chinmayi Prasanna
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Hanudatta S. Atreya
- NMR Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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Jang DH, Choi Y, Choi YS, Kim SM, Kwak H, Shin SH, Hong S. Sensitive and selective analysis of a wide concentration range of IGFBP7 using a surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2014; 123:887-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Bertran O, Curcó D, Zanuy D, Alemán C. Atomistic organization and characterization of tube-like assemblies comprising peptide–polymer conjugates: computer simulation studies. Faraday Discuss 2013; 166:59-82. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00079f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Rosenzweig SA, Atreya HS. Defining the pathway to insulin-like growth factor system targeting in cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 80:1115-24. [PMID: 20599789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2010.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2010] [Revised: 06/12/2010] [Accepted: 06/15/2010] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs; IGF-1 and IGF-2) play central roles in cell growth, differentiation, survival, transformation and metastasis. The biologic effects of the IGFs are mediated by the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), a receptor tyrosine kinase with homology to the insulin receptor (IR). Dysregulation of the IGF system is well recognized as a key contributor to the progression of multiple cancers, with IGF-1R activation increasing the tumorigenic potential of breast, prostate, lung, colon and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Despite this relationship, targeting the IGF-1R has only recently undergone development as a molecular cancer therapeutic. As it has taken hold, we are witnessing a robust increase and interest in targeting the inhibition of IGF-1R signaling. This is accentuated by the list of over 30 drugs, including monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that are under evaluation as single agents or in combination therapies. The IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs) represent the third component of the IGF system consisting of a class of six soluble secretory proteins. They represent a unique class of naturally occurring IGF-antagonists that bind to and sequester IGF-1 and IGF-2, inhibiting their access to the IGF-1R. Due to their dual targeting of the IGFs without affecting insulin action, the IGFBPs are an untapped "third" class of IGF-1R inhibitors. In this commentary, we highlight some of the significant aspects of and prospects for targeting the IGF-1R and describe what the future may hold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Rosenzweig
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics and Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, PO Box 250505, Charleston, SC 29425-5050, USA.
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Swain M, Slomiany MG, Rosenzweig SA, Atreya HS. High-yield bacterial expression and structural characterization of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2. Arch Biochem Biophys 2010; 501:195-200. [PMID: 20541521 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2010.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2010] [Revised: 06/03/2010] [Accepted: 06/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The diverse biological activities of the insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2) are mediated by the IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R). These actions are modulated by a family of six IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP-1-6; 22-31 kDa) that via high affinity binding to the IGFs (K(D) approximately 300-700 pM) both protect the IGFs in the circulation and attenuate IGF action by blocking their receptor access. In recent years, IGFBPs have been implicated in a variety of cancers. However, the structural basis of their interaction with IGFs and/or other proteins is not completely understood. A critical challenge in the structural characterization of full-length IGFBPs has been the difficulty in expressing these proteins at levels suitable for NMR/X-ray crystallography analysis. Here we describe the high-yield expression of full-length recombinant human IGFBP-2 (rhIGFBP-2) in Escherichia coli. Using a single step purification protocol, rhIGFBP-2 was obtained with >95% purity and structurally characterized using NMR spectroscopy. The protein was found to exist as a monomer at the high concentrations required for structural studies and to exist in a single conformation exhibiting a unique intra-molecular disulfide-bonding pattern. The protein retained full biologic activity. This study represents the first high-yield expression of wild-type recombinant human IGFBP-2 in E. coli and first structural characterization of a full-length IGFBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monalisa Swain
- NMR Research Center, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
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