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Curchod BFE, Orr-Ewing AJ. Perspective on Theoretical and Experimental Advances in Atmospheric Photochemistry. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:6613-6635. [PMID: 39021090 PMCID: PMC11331530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c03481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Research that explores the chemistry of Earth's atmosphere is central to the current understanding of global challenges such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, and poor air quality in urban areas. This research is a synergistic combination of three established domains: earth observation, for example, using satellites, and in situ field measurements; computer modeling of the atmosphere and its chemistry; and laboratory measurements of the properties and reactivity of gas-phase molecules and aerosol particles. The complexity of the interconnected chemical and photochemical reactions which determine the composition of the atmosphere challenges the capacity of laboratory studies to provide the spectroscopic, photochemical, and kinetic data required for computer models. Here, we consider whether predictions from computational chemistry using modern electronic structure theory and nonadiabatic dynamics simulations are becoming sufficiently accurate to supplement quantitative laboratory data for wavelength-dependent absorption cross-sections, photochemical quantum yields, and reaction rate coefficients. Drawing on presentations and discussions from the CECAM workshop on Theoretical and Experimental Advances in Atmospheric Photochemistry held in March 2024, we describe key concepts in the theory of photochemistry, survey the state-of-the-art in computational photochemistry methods, and compare their capabilities with modern experimental laboratory techniques. From such considerations, we offer a perspective on the scope of computational (photo)chemistry methods based on rigorous electronic structure theory to become a fourth core domain of research in atmospheric chemistry.
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2
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McGillen MR, Fried ZTP, Khan MAH, Kuwata KT, Martin CM, O’Doherty S, Pecere F, Shallcross DE, Stanley KM, Zhang K. Ozonolysis can produce long-lived greenhouse gases from commercial refrigerants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2312714120. [PMID: 38079548 PMCID: PMC10742373 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312714120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrofluoroolefins are being adopted as sustainable alternatives to long-lived fluorine- and chlorine-containing gases and are finding current or potential mass-market applications as refrigerants, among a myriad of other uses. Their olefinic bond affords relatively rapid reaction with hydroxyl radicals present in the atmosphere, leading to short lifetimes and proportionally small global warming potentials. However, this type of functionality also allows reaction with ozone, and whilst these reactions are slow, we show that the products of these reactions can be extremely long-lived. Our chamber measurements show that several industrially important hydrofluoroolefins produce CHF3 (fluoroform, HFC-23), a potent, long-lived greenhouse gas. When this process is accounted for in atmospheric chemical and transport modeling simulations, we find that the total radiative effect of certain compounds can be several times that of the direct radiative effect currently recommended by the World Meteorological Organization. Our supporting quantum chemical calculations indicate that a large range of exothermicity is exhibited in the initial stages of ozonolysis, which has a powerful influence on the CHF3 yield. Furthermore, we identify certain molecular configurations that preclude the formation of long-lived greenhouse gases. This demonstrates the importance of product quantification and ozonolysis kinetics in determining the overall environmental impact of hydrofluoroolefin emissions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max R. McGillen
- CNRS-Orléans, Institut de Combustion Aérothermique Réactivité et Environnement, Orléans45071, France
| | - Zachary T. P. Fried
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, MA02139
| | - M. Anwar H. Khan
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Keith T. Kuwata
- Department of Chemistry, Macalester College, Saint Paul, MN55105
| | - Connor M. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697
| | - Simon O’Doherty
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Francesco Pecere
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA16801
| | | | - Kieran M. Stanley
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, BristolBS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL60208
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3
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Wang W, Wang X, Lakey PSJ, Ezell MJ, Shiraiwa M, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Gas Phase and Gas-Solid Interface Ozonolysis of Nitrogen Containing Alkenes: Nitroalkenes, Enamines, and Nitroenamines. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5398-5406. [PMID: 35925795 PMCID: PMC9393864 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c04400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Emerging contaminants are of concern due to their rapidly increasing numbers and potential ecological and human health effects. In this study, the synergistic effects of the presence of multifunctional nitro, amino and carbon-carbon double bond (C═C) groups on the gas phase ozonolysis in O2 or at the air/solid interface were investigated using five simple model compounds. The gas phase ozonolysis rate constants at 296 K were (3.5 ± 0.9) × 10-20 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for 2-methyl-1-nitroprop-1-ene and (6.8 ± 0.8) × 10-19 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 for 4-methyl-4-nitro-1-pentene, with lifetimes of 134 and 7 days in the presence of 100 ppb ozone in the atmosphere, respectively. The rate constants for gas phase E-N,N-dimethyl-1-propenylamine and N,N-dimethylallylamine reactions with ozone were too fast (>10-18 cm3 molecule-1 s-1) to be measured, implying lifetimes of less than 5 days. A multiphase kinetics model (KM-GAP) was used to probe the gas-solid kinetics of 1-dimethylamino-2-nitroethylene, yielding a rate constant for the surface reaction of 1.8 × 10-9 cm2 molecule-1 s-1 and in the bulk 1× 10-16 cm3 molecule-1 s-1. These results show that a nitro group attached to the C═C lowers the gas phase rate constant by 2-3 orders of magnitude compared to the simple alkenes, while amino groups have the opposite effect. The presence of both groups provides counterbalancing effects. Products with deleterious health effects including dimethylformamide and formaldehyde were identified by FTIR. The identified products differentiate whether the initial site of ozone attack is C═C and/or the amino group. This study provides a basis for predicting the environmental fates of emerging contaminants and shows that both the toxicity of both the parent compounds and the products should be taken into account in assessing their environmental impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Xinke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Pascale S J Lakey
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Michael J Ezell
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
| | - Manabu Shiraiwa
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025, United States
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4
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Grira A, Amarandei C, Roman C, Bejaoui O, Aloui N, El Dib G, Arsene C, Bejan IG, Olariu RI, Canosa A, Tomas A. Gas-Phase Ozone Reaction Kinetics of C 5-C 8 Unsaturated Alcohols of Biogenic Interest. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4413-4423. [PMID: 35776765 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c02805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Unsaturated alcohols are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that characterize the emissions of plants. Changes in climate together with related increases of biotic and abiotic stresses are expected to increase these emissions in the future. Ozonolysis is one of the oxidation pathways that control the fate of unsaturated alcohols in the atmosphere. The rate coefficients of the gas-phase O3 reaction with seven C5-C8 unsaturated alcohols were determined at 296 K using both absolute and relative kinetic methods. The following rate coefficients (cm3 molecule-1 s-1) were obtained using the absolute method: (1.1 ± 0.2) × 10-16 for cis-2-penten-1-ol, (1.2 ± 0.2) × 10-16 for trans-2-hexen-1-ol, (6.4 ± 1.0) × 10-17 for trans-3-hexen-1-ol, (5.8 ± 0.9) × 10-17 for cis-3-hexen-1-ol, (2.0 ± 0.3) × 10-17 for 1-octen-3-ol, and (8.4 ± 1.3) × 10-17 for trans-2-octen-1-ol. The following rate coefficients (cm3 molecule-1 s-1) were obtained using the relative method: (1.27 ± 0.11) × 10-16 for trans-2-hexen-1-ol, (5.01 ± 0.30) × 10-17 for trans-3-hexen-1-ol, (4.13 ± 0.34) × 10-17 for cis-3-hexen-1-ol, and (1.40 ± 0.12) × 10-16 for trans-4-hexen-1-ol. Alkenols display high reactivities with ozone with lifetimes in the hour range. Rate coefficients show a strong and complex dependence on the structure of the alkenol, particularly the relative position of the OH group toward the C═C double bond. The results are discussed and compared to both the available literature data and four structure-activity relationship (SAR) methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Grira
- Center for Energy and Environment, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Université de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Cornelia Amarandei
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania.,Integrated Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Claudiu Roman
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania.,Integrated Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Oumaya Bejaoui
- Center for Energy and Environment, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Université de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Nouha Aloui
- Center for Energy and Environment, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Université de Lille, Lille 59000, France
| | - Gisèle El Dib
- UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Cecilia Arsene
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania.,Integrated Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Iustinian G Bejan
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania.,Integrated Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Romeo I Olariu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania.,Integrated Centre of Environmental Science Studies in the North Eastern Region, "Alexandru Ioan Cuza" University of Iasi, 11 Carol I, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - André Canosa
- UMR 6251, Université de Rennes, CNRS, Institut de Physique de Rennes, Rennes F-35000, France
| | - Alexandre Tomas
- Center for Energy and Environment, IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, Université de Lille, Lille 59000, France
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5
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Liu Y, Liu S, Cheng Z, Tan Y, Gao X, Shen Z, Yuan T. Predicting the rate constants of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with ozone reaction at different temperatures. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116502. [PMID: 33486251 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Based on the bond order, fukui indices and other related descriptors, as well as temperature, a new QSAR model was established to predict the rate constant (kO3) of VOCs degradation by O3. 302 logkO3 values (178-409 K) of 149 VOCs were divided into training set (242 logkO3) and test set (60 logkO3), respectively, which were used to construct and verify the QSAR model. The optimal model (R2 = 0.83, q2 = 0.82, Qext2 = 0.72) shows that EHOMO, BOx and q(C-)n have a greater influence on the value of logkO3. In addition, fukui indices and logkO3 are well correlated. The applicability domains of the current models can be used to predict kO3 of a wide range of VOCs at different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Shiqiang Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Yujia Tan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Gao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
| | - Zhemin Shen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource Recovery, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Impact Assessment of Emerging Contaminants, Shanghai, 200240, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Tao Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China.
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6
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7
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Li W, Chen Y, Tong S, Guo Y, Zhang Y, Ge M. Kinetic study of the gas-phase reaction of O 3 with three unsaturated alcohols. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 71:292-299. [PMID: 30195687 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Rate constants for the reactions of ozone with 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol and 1-nonen-4-ol have been determined at 298±1K and atmospheric pressure for the first time. The experiments were performed in a 100-L FEP Teflon film bag using absolute rate method; the rate constants were (1.91±0.19)×10-17, (1.89±0.20)×10-17, and (0.83±0.08)×10-17cm3/(molecule·sec) for 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonen-3-ol, and 1-nonen-4-ol, respectively. The rate constants have been compared with those of unsaturated alcohols structural homologs, and used to estimate the reaction reactivity. The electronegativity of carbon-carbon double bond was calculated by atomic charges analysis. The calculated results show that the electronic effect of the lone pair electrons of hydroxyl oxygen is the main cause of the difference in rate coefficient. According to the obtained rate constants, the atmospheric lifetimes of studied unsaturated alcohols were also estimated, which indicates that the reaction with ozone is an important loss pathway in the atmosphere, especially in polluted areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiran Li
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shengrui Tong
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yucong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- The Institute of Chemical Physics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Maofa Ge
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
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8
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Vereecken L, Aumont B, Barnes I, Bozzelli J, Goldman M, Green W, Madronich S, Mcgillen M, Mellouki A, Orlando J, Picquet-Varrault B, Rickard A, Stockwell W, Wallington T, Carter W. Perspective on Mechanism Development and Structure-Activity Relationships for Gas-Phase Atmospheric Chemistry. INT J CHEM KINET 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.21172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Vereecken
- Institute for Energy and Climate Research: IEK-8 Troposphere; Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH; Jülich Germany
| | - B. Aumont
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA); UMR 7583 CNRS; Universités Paris-Est Créteil et Paris Diderot; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Créteil Cedex France
| | - I. Barnes
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences; Physical & Theoretical Chemistry; University of Wuppertal; Wuppertal Germany
| | - J.W. Bozzelli
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science; New Jersey Institute of Technology; Newark NJ 07102
| | - M.J. Goldman
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - W.H. Green
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139
| | - S. Madronich
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder CO 80307
| | - M.R. Mcgillen
- School of Chemistry; University of Bristol; Cantock's Close; Bristol BS8 1TS UK
| | - A. Mellouki
- Institut de Combustion; Aérothermique, Réactivité et Environnement (ICARE); CNRS/OSUC; 45071 Orléans Cedex 2 France
| | - J.J. Orlando
- Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder CO 80307
| | - B. Picquet-Varrault
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA); UMR 7583 CNRS; Universités Paris-Est Créteil et Paris Diderot; Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace; Créteil Cedex France
| | - A.R. Rickard
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories; Department of Chemistry; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science; University of York; York YO10 5DD UK
| | - W.R. Stockwell
- Department of Physics; University of Texas at El Paso; El Paso TX 79968 USA
| | - T.J. Wallington
- Research & Advanced Engineering; Ford Motor Company; Dearborn MI 48121-2053
| | - W.P.L. Carter
- College of Engineering; Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT); University of California; Riverside CA 92521
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9
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Lee L, Wilson K. The Reactive–Diffusive Length of OH and Ozone in Model Organic Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6800-12. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b05285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lance Lee
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kevin Wilson
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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10
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Liu F, Fang Y, Kumar M, Thompson WH, Lester MI. Direct observation of vinyl hydroperoxide. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015. [PMID: 26199999 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02917a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many alkyl-substituted Criegee intermediates are predicted to undergo an intramolecular 1,4-hydrogen transfer to form isomeric vinyl hydroperoxide species (C[double bond, length as m-dash]COOH moiety), which break apart to release OH and vinoxy radicals. We report direct detection of stabilized vinyl hydroperoxides formed via carboxylic acid-catalyzed tautomerization of Criegee intermediates. A doubly hydrogen-bonded interaction between the Criegee intermediate and carboxylic acid facilitates efficient hydrogen transfer through a double hydrogen shift. Deuteration of formic or acetic acid permits migration of a D atom to yield partially deuterated vinyl hydroperoxides, which are distinguished from the CH3CHOO, (CH3)2COO, and CH3CH2CHOO Criegee intermediates by mass. Using 10.5 eV photoionization, three prototypical vinyl hydroperoxides, CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]CHOOD, CH2[double bond, length as m-dash]C(CH3)OOD, and CH3CH[double bond, length as m-dash]CHOOD, are detected directly. Complementary electronic structure calculations reveal several reaction pathways, including the barrierless acid-catalyzed tautomerization reaction predicted previously and a barrierless addition reaction that yields hydroperoxy alkyl formate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6323, USA.
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11
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Vereecken L, Glowacki DR, Pilling MJ. Theoretical Chemical Kinetics in Tropospheric Chemistry: Methodologies and Applications. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4063-114. [DOI: 10.1021/cr500488p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Vereecken
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - David R. Glowacki
- PULSE
Institute and Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
- Department
of Computer Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1UB, United Kingdom
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12
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Krisyuk BE, Maiorov AV, Mamin EA, Ovchinnikov VA, Popov AA. Mechanism of the first step of ozone addition to halogen-substituted ethylenes. KINETICS AND CATALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1134/s0023158415010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Richters S, Herrmann H, Berndt T. Gas-phase rate coefficients of the reaction of ozone with four sesquiterpenes at 295 ± 2 K. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:11658-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cp05542j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Room temperature rate coefficients of the reaction of ozone with four sesquiterpenes were measured using absolute and relative rate techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Richters
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research
- TROPOS
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Hartmut Herrmann
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research
- TROPOS
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
| | - Torsten Berndt
- Leibniz Institute for Tropospheric Research
- TROPOS
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
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14
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Li X, Zhao W, Li J, Jiang J, Chen J, Chen J. Development of a model for predicting reaction rate constants of organic chemicals with ozone at different temperatures. CHEMOSPHERE 2013; 92:1029-1034. [PMID: 23601122 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Revised: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
To assess the persistence and fate of volatile organic compounds in the troposphere, the rate constants for the reaction with ozone (kO3) are needed. As kO3 values are only available for hundreds of compounds, and experimental determination of kO3 is costly and time-consuming, it is of importance to develop predictive models on kO3. In this study, a total of 379 logkO3 values at different temperatures were used to develop and validate a model for the prediction of kO3, based on quantum chemical descriptors, Dragon descriptors and structural fragments. Molecular descriptors were screened by stepwise multiple linear regression, and the model was constructed by partial least-squares regression. The cross validation coefficient QCUM(2) of the model is 0.836, and the external validation coefficient Qext(2) is 0.811, indicating that the model has high robustness and good predictive performance. The most significant descriptor explaining logkO3 is the BELm2 descriptor with connectivity information weighted atomic masses. kO3 increases with increasing BELm2, and decreases with increasing ionization potential. The applicability domain of the proposed model was visualized by the Williams plot. The developed model can be used to predict kO3 at different temperatures for a wide range of organic chemicals, including alkenes, cycloalkenes, haloalkenes, alkynes, oxygen-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds (except primary amines) and aromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
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15
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Ray D, Malongwe JK, Klán P. Rate acceleration of the heterogeneous reaction of ozone with a model alkene at the air-ice interface at low temperatures. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2013; 47:6773-6780. [PMID: 23427835 DOI: 10.1021/es304812t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The kinetics of the ozonation reaction of 1,1-diphenylethylene (DPE) on the surface of ice grains (also called "artificial snow"), produced by shock-freezing of DPE aqueous solutions or DPE vapor-deposition on pure ice grains, was studied in the temperature range of 268 to 188 K. A remarkable and unexpected increase in the apparent ozonation rates with decreasing temperature was evaluated using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood and Eley-Rideal kinetic models, and by estimating the apparent specific surface area of the ice grains. We suggest that an increase of the number of surface reactive sites, and possibly higher ozone uptake coefficients are responsible for the apparent rate acceleration of DPE ozonation at the air-ice interface at lower temperatures. The increasing number of reactive sites is probably related to the fact that organic molecules are displaced more to the top of a disordered interface (or quasi-liquid) layer on the ice surface, which makes them more accessible to the gas-phase reactants. The effect of NaCl as a cocontaminant on ozonation rates was also investigated. The environmental implications of this phenomenon for natural ice/snow are discussed. DPE was selected as an example of environmentally relevant species which can react with ozone. For typical atmospheric ozone concentrations in polar areas (20 ppbv), we estimated that its half-life on the ice surface would decrease from ∼5 days at 258 K to ∼13 h at 188 K at submonolayer DPE loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debajyoti Ray
- Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic
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Percival CJ, Welz O, Eskola AJ, Savee JD, Osborn DL, Topping DO, Lowe D, Utembe SR, Bacak A, McFiggans G, Cooke MC, Xiao P, Archibald† AT, Jenkin ME, Derwent RG, Riipinen I, Mok DWK, Lee EPF, Dyke JM, Taatjes CA, Shallcross DE. Regional and global impacts of Criegee intermediates on atmospheric sulphuric acid concentrations and first steps of aerosol formation. Faraday Discuss 2013; 165:45-73. [DOI: 10.1039/c3fd00048f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Duncianu M, Olariu RI, Riffault V, Visez N, Tomas A, Coddeville P. Development of a new flow reactor for kinetic studies. Application to the ozonolysis of a series of alkenes. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:6169-79. [PMID: 22268561 DOI: 10.1021/jp211480x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new flow reactor has been developed to study ozonolysis reactions at ambient pressure and room temperature (297 ± 2 K). The reaction kinetics of O(3) with 4-methyl-1-pentene (4M1P), 2-methyl-2-pentene (2M2P), 2,4,4-trimethyl-1-pentene (tM1P), 2,4,4-trimethyl-2-pentene (tM2P) and α-pinene have been investigated under pseudo-first-order conditions. Absolute measurements of the rate coefficients have been carried out by recording O(3) consumption in excess of organic compound. Alkene concentrations have been determined by sampling adsorbent cartridges that were thermodesorbed and analyzed by gas-chromatography coupled to flame ionization detection. Complementary experimental data have been obtained using a 250 L Teflon smog chamber. The following ozonolysis rate coefficients can be proposed (in cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1)): k(4M1P) = (8.23 ± 0.50) × 10(-18), k(2M2P) = (4.54 ± 0.96) × 10(-16), k(tM1P) = (1.48 ± 0.11) × 10(-17), k(tM2P) = (1.25 ± 0.10) × 10(-16), and k(α-pinene) = (1.29 ± 0.16) × 10(-16), in very good agreement with literature values. The products of tM2P ozonolysis have been investigated, and branching ratios of (21.4 ± 2.8)% and (73.9 ± 7.3)% have been determined for acetone and 2,2-dimethyl-propanal, respectively. Additionally, a new nonoxidized intermediate, 2-methyl-1-propene, has been identified and quantified. A topological SAR analysis was also performed to strengthen the consistency of the kinetic data obtained with this new flow reactor.
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Ghalaieny M, Bacak A, McGillen M, Martin D, Knights AV, O'Doherty S, Shallcross DE, Percival CJ. Determination of gas-phase ozonolysis rate coefficients of a number of sesquiterpenes at elevated temperatures using the relative rate method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:6596-602. [PMID: 22456861 DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23988d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The rates of ozonolysis of four sesquiterpenes, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, isolongifolene and α-cedrene, are determined in the gas phase at an elevated temperature of 366 ± 3 K and a pressure of ~780 Torr using the EXTreme RAnge chamber (EXTRA). The experimentally obtained rate coefficients agree with extrapolated room temperature rate coefficients for isolongifolene and α-cedrene but not for β-caryophyllene and α-humulene, which were found to be three orders of magnitude slower than this in the literature. These new measurements support the hypothesis that operating under ambient conditions, kinetic measurements of condensable species can be influenced adversely by heterogeneous processes and should therefore be treated with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ghalaieny
- Centre for Atmospheric Science, School of Earth Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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19
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Shi Y, Xu Y, Jia L. Arrhenius parameters for the gas-phase reactions of O3 with two butenes and two methyl-substituted butenes over the temperature range of 295-351 K. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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20
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McGillen MR, Ghalaieny M, Percival CJ. Determination of gas-phase ozonolysis rate coefficients of C8–14 terminal alkenes at elevated temperatures using the relative rate method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:10965-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cp02643c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Leather KE, McGillen MR, Ghalaieny M, Shallcross DE, Percival CJ. Temperature-dependent kinetics for the ozonolysis of selected chlorinated alkenes in the gas phase. INT J CHEM KINET 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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McGillen MR, Archibald AT, Carey T, Leather KE, Shallcross DE, Wenger JC, Percival CJ. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the prediction of gas-phase ozonolysis rate coefficients: an extension towards heteroatomic unsaturated species. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 13:2842-9. [PMID: 21152651 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp01732a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heteroatomic unsaturated volatile organic compounds (HUVOCs) are common trace components of the atmosphere, yet their diverse chemical behaviour presents difficulties for predicting their oxidation kinetics using structure-activity relationships (SARs). An existing SAR is adapted to help meet this challenge, enabling the prediction of ozonolysis rates with unprecedented accuracy. The new SAR index, x(H), correlates strongly with available literature measurements of ozonolysis rate coefficients (R(2) = 0.87), a database representing 110 species. It was found that capturing the inductive effect rather than the steric effect is of primary importance in predicting the reactivity of these species, which is to be anticipated since HUVOCs can possess a variety of functional groups with a range of electron-withdrawing and donating tendencies. New experimental measurements of ozonolysis rate coefficients were conducted for 1-penten-3-ol, 3-methyl; ethene, 1,1-dimethoxy; E-2-pentenoic acid; E-1,2-dichloroethene; Z-1,2-dichloroethene; trichloroethene; tetrachloroethene; 1-butene, 3-chloro and 2-chloropropene, and were determined to be 5.15 × 10(-18), 4.82 × 10(-16), 3.07 × 10(-18), 8.05 × 10(-20), 4.88 × 10(-21), 6.04 × 10(-22), 1.56 × 10(-24), 2.26 × 10(-18) and 1.13 × 10(-19) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), respectively. The index of the inductive effect, i(H), is compared with other indices of the electron-withdrawing capacity of a substitution, notably the Taft σ* constants and the rate of reaction of a given species with the hydroxyl radical, both of which are expected to be unaffected by steric factors. i(H) correlates strongly in both cases and suggests a universal response by olefinic species towards electrophilic addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max R McGillen
- Earth System Research Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 325 Broadway, Boulder, CO 80305-3328, USA
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