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Tian Y, Xu Z, Qi H, Lu X, Jiang T, Wang L, Zhang G, Xiao R, Wu H. Magnetic-field induced shape memory hydrogels for deformable actuators. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:5314-5323. [PMID: 38712600 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00248b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Magnetic hydrogel actuators exhibit promising applications in the fields of soft robotics, bioactuators, and flexible sensors owing to their inherent advantages such as remote control capability, untethered deformation and motion control, as well as easily manipulable behavior. However, it is still a challenge for magnetic hydrogels to achieve adjustable stiffness and shape fixation under magnetic field actuation deformation. Herein, a simple and effective approach is proposed for the design of magnetic shape memory hydrogels to accomplish this objective. The magnetic shape memory hydrogels, consisting of methacrylamide, methacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol and Fe3O4 magnetic particles, which crosslinked by hydrogen bonds, are facilely prepared via one-pot polymerization. The dynamic nature of noncovalent bonds offers the magnetic hydrogels with excellent mechanical properties, precisely controlled stiffness, and effective shape fixation. The presence of Fe3O4 particles renders the hydrogels soft when subjected to an alternating current field, facilitating their deformation under the influence of an actuation magnetic field. After the elimination of the alternating current magnetic field, the hydrogels stiffen and attain a fixed actuated shape in the absence of any external magnetic field. Moreover, this remarkable magnetic shape memory hydrogel is effectively employed as an underwater soft gripper for lifting heavy objects. This work provides a novel strategy for fabricating magnetic hydrogels with non-contact reversible actuation deformation, tunable stiffness and shape locking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhirui Xu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Qi
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Lu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Jiang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liqian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Guang Zhang
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
| | - Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Huaping Wu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China.
- Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Processing Technology, Ministry of Education and Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310023, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of High-end Laser Manufacturing Equipment (National "2011 Plan"), Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China
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Mirasadi K, Rahmatabadi D, Ghasemi I, Khodaei M, Baniassadi M, Bodaghi M, Baghani M. 3D and 4D Printing of PETG-ABS-Fe 3O 4 Nanocomposites with Supreme Remotely Driven Magneto-Thermal Shape-Memory Performance. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1398. [PMID: 38794591 PMCID: PMC11125628 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study introduces novel PETG-ABS-Fe3O4 nanocomposites that offer impressive 3D- and 4D-printing capabilities. These nanocomposites can be remotely stimulated through the application of a temperature-induced magnetic field. A direct granule-based FDM printer equipped with a pneumatic system to control the output melt flow is utilized to print the composites. This addresses challenges associated with using a high weight percentage of nanoparticles and the lack of control over geometry when producing precise and continuous filaments. SEM results showed that the interface of the matrix was smooth and uniform, and the increase in nanoparticles weakened the interface of the printed layers. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased from 25.98 MPa for the pure PETG-ABS sample to 26.3 MPa and 27.05 MPa for the 10% and 15% Fe3O4 nanocomposites, respectively. This increase in tensile strength was accompanied by a decrease in elongation from 15.15% to 13.94% and 12.78%. The results of the shape-memory performance reveal that adding iron oxide not only enables indirect and remote recovery but also improves the shape-memory effect. Improving heat transfer and strengthening the elastic component can increase the rate and amount of shape recovery. Nanocomposites containing 20% iron oxide demonstrate superior shape-memory performance when subjected to direct heat stimulation and a magnetic field, despite exhibiting low print quality and poor tensile strength. Smart nanocomposites with magnetic remote-control capabilities provide opportunities for 4D printing in diverse industries, particularly in medicine, where rapid speed and remote control are essential for minimally invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiandokht Mirasadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran; (K.M.); (D.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Davood Rahmatabadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran; (K.M.); (D.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Ismaeil Ghasemi
- Faculty of Processing, Iran Polymer and Petrochemical Institute, Tehran 14965-115, Iran
| | - Mohammad Khodaei
- Materials Engineering Group, Golpayegan College of Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Golpayegan 87717-67498, Iran;
| | - Majid Baniassadi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran; (K.M.); (D.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Mahdi Bodaghi
- Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK
| | - Mostafa Baghani
- School of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14155-6619, Iran; (K.M.); (D.R.); (M.B.)
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4D Printing of Electroactive Triple-Shape Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040832. [PMID: 36850116 PMCID: PMC9961650 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Triple-shape polymers can memorize two independent shapes during a controlled recovery process. This work reports the 4D printing of electro-active triple-shape composites based on thermoplastic blends. Composite blends comprising polyester urethane (PEU), polylactic acid (PLA), and multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as conductive fillers were prepared by conventional melt processing methods. Morphological analysis of the composites revealed a phase separated morphology with aggregates of MWCNTs uniformly dispersed in the blend. Thermal analysis showed two different transition temperatures based on the melting point of the crystallizable switching domain of the PEU (Tm~50 ± 1 °C) and the glass transition temperature of amorphous PLA (Tg~61 ± 1 °C). The composites were suitable for 3D printing by fused filament fabrication (FFF). 3D models based on single or multiple materials were printed to demonstrate and quantify the triple-shape effect. The resulting parts were subjected to resistive heating by passing electric current at different voltages. The printed demonstrators were programmed by a thermo-mechanical programming procedure and the triple-shape effect was realized by increasing the voltage in a stepwise fashion. The 3D printing of such electroactive composites paves the way for more complex shapes with defined geometries and novel methods for triggering shape memory, with potential applications in space, robotics, and actuation technologies.
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Abstract
In conventional classification, soft robots feature mechanical compliance as the main distinguishing factor from traditional robots made of rigid materials. Recent advances in functional soft materials have facilitated the emergence of a new class of soft robots capable of tether-free actuation in response to external stimuli such as heat, light, solvent, or electric or magnetic field. Among the various types of stimuli-responsive materials, magnetic soft materials have shown remarkable progress in their design and fabrication, leading to the development of magnetic soft robots with unique advantages and potential for many important applications. However, the field of magnetic soft robots is still in its infancy and requires further advancements in terms of design principles, fabrication methods, control mechanisms, and sensing modalities. Successful future development of magnetic soft robots would require a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principle of magnetic actuation, as well as the physical properties and behavior of magnetic soft materials. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the design and fabrication, modeling and simulation, and actuation and control of magnetic soft materials and robots. We then give a set of design guidelines for optimal actuation performance of magnetic soft materials. Lastly, we summarize potential biomedical applications of magnetic soft robots and provide our perspectives on next-generation magnetic soft robots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonho Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Xuanhe Zhao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Patdiya J, Kandasubramanian B. Progress in 4D printing of stimuli responsive materials. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1934016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jigar Patdiya
- Rapid Prototyping Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune India
| | - Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
- Rapid Prototyping Laboratory, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering,Defence Institute of Advanced Technology (DU), Ministry of Defence, Girinagar, Pune India
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Efficient inductively heated shape memory polyurethane acrylate network with silane modified nanodiamond@Fe3O4 superparamagnetic nanohybrid. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Magnetic soft materials (MSMs) and magnetic shape memory polymers (MSMPs) have been some of the most intensely investigated newly developed material types in the last decade, thanks to the great and versatile potential of their innovative characteristic behaviors such as remote and nearly heatless shape transformation in the case of MSMs. With regard to a number of properties such as shape recovery ratio, manufacturability, cost or programming potential, MSMs and MSMPs may exceed conventional shape memory materials such as shape memory alloys or shape memory polymers. Nevertheless, MSMs and MSMPs have not yet fully touched their scientific-industrial potential, basically due to the lack of detailed knowledge on various aspects of their constitutive response. Therefore, MSMs and MSMPs have been developed slowly but their importance will undoubtedly increase in the near future. This review emphasizes the development of MSMs and MSMPs with a specific focus on the role of the magnetic particles which affect the shape memory recovery and programming behavior of these materials. In addition, the synthesis and application of these materials are addressed.
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Designing self-crosslinkable ternary blends using epoxidized natural rubber (ENR)/poly(ethylene-co-acrylic acid)(EAA)/poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) demonstrating triple-shape memory behavior. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Lee SW, Carnicelli J, Getya D, Gitsov I, Phillips KS, Ren D. Biofilm Removal by Reversible Shape Recovery of the Substrate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:17174-17182. [PMID: 33822590 PMCID: PMC8153534 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria can colonize essentially any surface and form antibiotic resistant biofilms, which are multicellular structures embedded in an extracellular matrix secreted by the attached cells. To develop better biofilm control technologies, we recently demonstrated that mature biofilms can be effectively removed through on-demand shape recovery of a shape memory polymer (SMP) composed of tert-butyl acrylate (tBA). It was further demonstrated that such a dynamic substratum can sensitize the detached biofilm cells to antibiotics. However, this SMP can undergo shape change only once, limiting its application in long-term biofilm control. This motivated the present study, which aimed to prove the concept that biofilm can be effectively removed by repeated on-demand shape recovery. Reversible shape memory polymers (rSMPs) containing poly(ε-caprolactone) diisocyanatoethyl dimethacrylate (PCLDIMA) of varying molecular masses and butyl acrylate (BA) as a linker were synthesized by using benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as a thermal initiator. By comparison of several combinations of PCLDIMA of different molecular masses, a 2:1 weight ratio mixture of 2000 and 15000 g/mol PCLDIMA was the most promising because it had a shape transition (at 36.7 °C) close to body temperature. The synthesized rSMP demonstrated good reversible shape recovery and up to 94.3 ± 1.0% removal of 48 h Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm cells after three consecutive shape recovery cycles. Additionally, the detached biofilm cells were found to be 5.0 ± 1.2 times more susceptible to 50 μg/mL tobramycin than the static control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Won Lee
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Joseph Carnicelli
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Dariya Getya
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York
- College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
- The
Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - Ivan Gitsov
- Department
of Chemistry, State University of New York
- College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
- The
Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, New York 13210, United States
| | - K. Scott Phillips
- Center
for Devices and Radiological Health, Office of Science and Engineering
Laboratories, Division of Biology, Chemistry, and Materials Science, United States Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland 20993, United States
| | - Dacheng Ren
- Department
of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- Department
of Biology, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
- (D.R.) Phone +1-315-443-4409. Fax +1-315-443-9175. Email
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Wu S, Hu W, Ze Q, Sitti M, Zhao R. Multifunctional magnetic soft composites: a review. MULTIFUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 3:042003. [PMID: 33834121 PMCID: PMC7610551 DOI: 10.1088/2399-7532/abcb0c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Magnetically responsive soft materials are soft composites where magnetic fillers are embedded into soft polymeric matrices. These active materials have attracted extensive research and industrial interest due to their ability to realize fast and programmable shape changes through remote and untethered control under the application of magnetic fields. They would have many high-impact potential applications in soft robotics/devices, metamaterials, and biomedical devices. With a broad range of functional magnetic fillers, polymeric matrices, and advanced fabrication techniques, the material properties can be programmed for integrated functions, including programmable shape morphing, dynamic shape deformation-based locomotion, object manipulation and assembly, remote heat generation, as well as reconfigurable electronics. In this review, an overview of state-of-the-art developments and future perspectives in the multifunctional magnetically responsive soft materials is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Wenqi Hu
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Qiji Ze
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
| | - Metin Sitti
- Physical Intelligence Department, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Ruike Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, United States of America
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11
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Jose S, George JJ, Siengchin S, Parameswaranpillai J. Introduction to Shape-Memory Polymers, Polymer Blends and Composites: State of the Art, Opportunities, New Challenges and Future Outlook. ADVANCED STRUCTURED MATERIALS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8574-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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12
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Chen G, Zhang Q, Lu M, Liu Y, Wang S, Wu K, Lu M. A Triple‐Shape Memory Material via Thermal Responsive Behavior of Liquid Crystalline Network Incorporating Main‐Chain/Side‐Chain LC Units. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guokang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Qian Zhang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Maoping Lu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Kun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Mangeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Cellulose and Lignocellulosics Chemistry Guangzhou Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510650 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 P. R. China
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13
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Dual-Responsive Shape Memory and Thermally Reconfigurable Reduced Graphene Oxide-Vitrimer Composites. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Tang J, Yin Q, Qiao Y, Wang T. Shape Morphing of Hydrogels in Alternating Magnetic Field. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21194-21200. [PMID: 31117469 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Shape-morphing hydrogels have found a myriad of applications in biomimetics, soft robotics, and biomedical engineering. A magnetic field is favorable for specific applications of hydrogels, since it is noncontact and biocompatible at high field strengths. However, most magnetosensitive shape-morphing structures are made of elastomers rather than hydrogels because the magnetization of magnetic hydrogels is usually too low to be actuated under a static magnetic field. Here, we propose a strategy to achieve the shape morphing of magnetic hydrogels. We actuate magnetothermal sensitive hydrogels by an alternating magnetic field (AMF), where magnetic poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogels can be heated by the AMF and can undergo giant volume shrinkage under high temperature. We design the distributing pattern of magnetic hydrogel strips on an elastomer substrate to realize various two-dimensional and three-dimensional shapes such as heart-shape, truss, tube, and helix. Complex three-dimensional origami structures have been demonstrated using elastomer-magnetic hydrogels as hinges. We further demonstrate the combination of magnetic navigation and magnetic shape morphing, by applying both a direct magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field. The strategy may open new opportunities for the shape morphing of functional hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingda Tang
- State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Qianfeng Yin
- State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Yancheng Qiao
- State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
| | - Tiejun Wang
- State Key Lab for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, Department of Engineering Mechanics , Xi'an Jiaotong University , Xi'an 710049 , China
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15
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Xia L, Gao H, Bi W, Fu W, Qiu G, Xin Z. Shape Memory Behavior of Carbon Black-reinforced Trans-1,4-polyisoprene and Low-density Polyethylene Composites. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11050807. [PMID: 31064065 PMCID: PMC6572694 DOI: 10.3390/polym11050807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape memory composites of trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) with easily achievable transition temperatures were prepared by a simple physical blending method. Carbon black (CB) was introduced to improve the mechanical properties of the TPI/LDPE composites. The mechanical, cure, thermal and shape memory properties of the TPI/LDPE/CB composites were investigated in this study. In these composites, the crosslinked network generated in both the TPI and LDPE portions acted as a fixed domain, while the crystalline regions of the TPI and LDPE portions acted as a reversible domain in shape memory behavior. We found the mechanical properties of composites were promoted significantly with an increase of CB content, accompanied with the deterioration of shape memory properties of composites. When CB dosage was 5 parts per hundred of rubber composites (phr), best shape memory property of composites was obtained with a shape fixity ratio of 95.1% and a shape recovery ratio of 95.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Han Gao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Weina Bi
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Wenxin Fu
- Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, University of California at Merced, 5200 North Lake Road, Merced, CA 95343, USA.
| | - Guixue Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Zhenxiang Xin
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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16
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Patel DK, Seo YR, Lim KT. Stimuli-Responsive Graphene Nanohybrids for Biomedical Applications. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:9831853. [PMID: 31065286 PMCID: PMC6466862 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9831853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive materials, also known as smart materials, can change their structure and, consequently, original behavior in response to external or internal stimuli. This is due to the change in the interactions between the various functional groups. Graphene, which is a single layer of carbon atoms with a hexagonal morphology and has excellent physiochemical properties with a high surface area, is frequently used in materials science for various applications. Numerous surface functionalizations are possible for the graphene structure with different functional groups, which can be used to alter the properties of native materials. Graphene-based hybrids exhibit significant improvements in their native properties. Since functionalized graphene contains several reactive groups, the behavior of such hybrid materials can be easily tuned by changing the external conditions, which is very useful in biomedical applications. Enhanced cell proliferation and differentiation of stem cells was reported on the surfaces of graphene-based hybrids with negligible cytotoxicity. In addition, pH or light-induced drug delivery with a controlled release rate was observed for such nanohybrids. Besides, notable improvements in antimicrobial activity were observed for nanohybrids, which demonstrated their potential for biomedical applications. This review describes the physiochemical properties of graphene and graphene-based hybrid materials for stimuli-responsive drug delivery, tissue engineering, and antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh K. Patel
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Ri Seo
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Lim
- The Institute of Forest Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
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17
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Cohn D, Sloutski A, Elyashiv A, Varma VB, Ramanujan R. In Situ Generated Medical Devices. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801066. [PMID: 30828989 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Medical devices play a major role in all areas of modern medicine, largely contributing to the success of clinical procedures and to the health of patients worldwide. They span from simple commodity products such as gauzes and catheters, to highly advanced implants, e.g., heart valves and vascular grafts. In situ generated devices are an important family of devices that are formed at their site of clinical function that have distinct advantages. Among them, since they are formed within the body, they only require minimally invasive procedures, avoiding the pain and risks associated with open surgery. These devices also display enhanced conformability to local tissues and can reach sites that otherwise are inaccessible. This review aims at shedding light on the unique features of in situ generated devices and to underscore leading trends in the field, as they are reflected by key developments recently in the field over the last several years. Since the uniqueness of these devices stems from their in situ generation, the way they are formed is crucial. It is because of this fact that in this review, the medical devices are classified depending on whether their in situ generation entails chemical or physical phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cohn
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Aaron Sloutski
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Ariel Elyashiv
- Casali Center of Applied ChemistryInstitute of ChemistryHebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Vijaykumar B. Varma
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
| | - Raju Ramanujan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University 639798 Singapore Singapore
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18
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Zhao W, Liu L, Zhang F, Leng J, Liu Y. Shape memory polymers and their composites in biomedical applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 97:864-883. [PMID: 30678978 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a kind of intelligent material, shape memory polymer (SMP) can respond to outside stimuli and possesses good properties including shape memory effect, deformability and biological compatibility, etc. SMPs have been introduced for medical applications such as tissue engineering, biological sutures, stents and bladder sensors. Due to the shape memory effect, the medical devices based on SMP can be implanted into body through minimally invasive surgery in contraction or folded state and recovered to their requisite original shapes at target position. In this paper, a review of SMPs utilized in biomedical applications and their actuation methods are listed. Various biomedical applications and potential applications based on the beneficial properties of SMP are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwu Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Centre for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 3011, No. 2 YiKuang Street, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinsong Leng
- Centre for Composite Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 3011, No. 2 YiKuang Street, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanju Liu
- Department of Astronautical Science and Mechanics, Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT), P.O. Box 301, No. 92 West Dazhi Street, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Bhargava A, Peng K, Stieg J, Mirzaeifar R, Shahab S. Focused ultrasound actuation of shape memory polymers; acoustic-thermoelastic modeling and testing. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07396h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled drug delivery (CDD) technologies have received extensive attention recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aarushi Bhargava
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Kaiyuan Peng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Jerry Stieg
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Reza Mirzaeifar
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Blacksburg
- USA
| | - Shima Shahab
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
- Blacksburg
- USA
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20
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Gong XL, Xiao YY, Pan M, Kang Y, Li BJ, Zhang S. pH- and Thermal-Responsive Multishape Memory Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:27432-27437. [PMID: 27642653 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b09605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A multistimuli sensitive shape memory hydrogel with dual and triple shape memory properties was prepared by grafting dansyl groups into the network of polyacrylamide (PAAM). The hydrophobic aggregation of dansyl groups acted as molecular switches, which showed reversible aggregation-disaggregation transition in aqueous solution in response to the pH or temperature change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Lei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
- Library of Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University , Shenzhen 518020, China
| | - Yao-Yu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Min Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yang Kang
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bang-Jing Li
- Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Science , Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University , Chengdu 610065, China
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21
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Pei Z, Yang Y, Chen Q, Wei Y, Ji Y. Regional Shape Control of Strategically Assembled Multishape Memory Vitrimers. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2016; 28:156-60. [PMID: 26551271 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Hot-pressing shape memory vitrimers lead to multishape memory, multifunctionality, easy reconfiguration, and the possibility of mass production of arbitrary smart structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Pei
- The Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yang Yang
- The Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiaomei Chen
- The Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yan Ji
- The Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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22
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Bao Y, Wen T, Samia ACS, Khandhar A, Krishnan KM. Magnetic Nanoparticles: Material Engineering and Emerging Applications in Lithography and Biomedicine. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE 2016; 51:513-553. [PMID: 26586919 PMCID: PMC4646229 DOI: 10.1007/s10853-015-9324-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We present an interdisciplinary overview of material engineering and emerging applications of iron oxide nanoparticles. We discuss material engineering of nanoparticles in the broadest sense, emphasizing size and shape control, large-area self-assembly, composite/hybrid structures, and surface engineering. This is followed by a discussion of several non-traditional, emerging applications of iron oxide nanoparticles, including nanoparticle lithography, magnetic particle imaging, magnetic guided drug delivery, and positive contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. We conclude with a succinct discussion of the pharmacokinetics pathways of iron oxide nanoparticles in the human body -- an important and required practical consideration for any in vivo biomedical application, followed by a brief outlook of the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Bao
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487
| | - Tianlong Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | | | | | - Kannan M. Krishnan
- Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195
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23
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Cheng Z, Wang T, Li X, Zhang Y, Yu H. NIR-Vis-UV Light-Responsive Actuator Films of Polymer-Dispersed Liquid Crystal/Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:27494-501. [PMID: 26592303 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To take full advantage of sunlight for photomechanical materials, NIR-vis-UV light-responsive actuator films of polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC)/graphene oxide (GO) nanocomposites were fabricated. The strategy is based on phase transition of LCs from nematic to isotropic phase induced by combination of photochemical and photothermal processes in the PDLC/GO nanocomposites. Upon mechanical stretching of the film, both topological shape change and mesogenic alignment occurred in the separated LC domains, enabling the film to respond to NIR-vis-UV light. The homodispersed GO flakes act as photoabsorbent and nanoscale heat source to transfer NIR or VIS light into thermal energy, heating the film and photothermally inducing phase transition of LC microdomains. By utilizing photochemical phase transition of LCs upon UV-light irradiation, one azobenzene dye was incorporated into the LC domains, endowing the nanocomposite films with UV-responsive property. Moreover, the light-responsive behaviors can be well-controlled by adjusting the elongation ratio upon mechanical treatment. The NIR-vis-UV light-responsive PDLC/GO nanocomposite films exhibit excellent properties of easy fabrication, low-cost, and good film-forming and mechanical features, promising their numerous applications in the field of soft actuators and optomechanical systems driven directly by sunlight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangxiang Cheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Waste, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Tianjie Wang
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yihe Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Materials Utilization of Nonmetallic Minerals and Solid Waste, National Laboratory of Mineral Materials, School of Materials Sciences and Technology, China University of Geosciences , Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Haifeng Yu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering and Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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24
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Fan Y, Zhou W, Yasin A, Li H, Yang H. Dual-responsive shape memory hydrogels with novel thermoplasticity based on a hydrophobically modified polyampholyte. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:4218-4225. [PMID: 25892050 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00168d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Shape memory hydrogels offer the ability to recover their permanent shape from temporarily trapped shapes without application of external forces. Here, we report a novel dual-responsive shape memory hydrogel with characteristic thermoplasticity. The water-insoluble hydrogel is prepared by simple ternary copolymerization of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) with low amounts of a cationic surfmer, in the absence of organic crosslinkers. Through either ionic/complex binding of carboxyl groups via trivalent cations or salt-dependent hydrophobic association, the hydrogel can memorize a temporary shape successfully, which recovers its permanent form in the presence of a reducing agent or deionized water. Besides, the unique thermoplasticity of the hydrophobic polyampholyte hydrogel allows the change of its permanent shape upon heating and the fixation after cooling, which is in strong contrast to the conventional chemically cross-linked shape memory hydrogels. This fascinating feature undoubtedly enriches the shape memory hydrogel systems. Thus, we believe that the facile strategy could provide new opportunities with regard to the design and practical application of stimulus-responsive hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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25
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Saatchi M, Behl M, Nöchel U, Lendlein A. Copolymer Networks From Oligo(ε-caprolactone) and n-Butyl Acrylate Enable a Reversible Bidirectional Shape-Memory Effect at Human Body Temperature. Macromol Rapid Commun 2015; 36:880-4. [PMID: 25776303 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201400729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Exploiting the tremendous potential of the recently discovered reversible bidirectional shape-memory effect (rbSME) for biomedical applications requires switching temperatures in the physiological range. The recent strategy is based on the reduction of the melting temperature range (ΔT m ) of the actuating oligo(ε-caprolactone) (OCL) domains in copolymer networks from OCL and n-butyl acrylate (BA), where the reversible effect can be adjusted to the human body temperature. In addition, it is investigated whether an rbSME in the temperature range close or even above Tm,offset (end of the melting transition) can be obtained. Two series of networks having mixtures of OCLs reveal broad ΔTm s from 2 °C to 50 °C and from -10 °C to 37 °C, respectively. In cyclic, thermomechanical experiments the rbSME can be tailored to display pronounced actuation in a temperature interval between 20 °C and 37 °C. In this way, the application spectrum of the rbSME can be extended to biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mersa Saatchi
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Marc Behl
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany.,Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Ulrich Nöchel
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany.,Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.,Tianjin University-Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Joint Laboratory for Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Kantstraße 55, 14513, Teltow, Germany
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26
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Yu L, Yu H. Light-powered tumbler movement of graphene oxide/polymer nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:3834-3839. [PMID: 25621594 DOI: 10.1021/am508970k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoresponsive lamina and flexible graphene oxide/polymer nanocomposite films were fabricated using a simple solution casting method. Fast, stable, and reversible photomechanical behavior of the nanocomposite films upon irradiation with visible light was observed based on the photothermal effect of graphene oxide and the shape memory effect of the polymer matrix. According to the principle of equilibrium apparatus, light-powered tumbler movement was achieved in these films by imitating the structure of a wobbly man. Although photodriven contraction, expansion, bending, twisting, oscillation, and cilia movement have been realized in photomechanical materials, novel forms of complicated motion are still a bottleneck problem limiting their practical applications. This work would have a significant impact on photomechanical materials in device applications for advanced functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Department of Material Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, China
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27
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Ren Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Xu B, Liu W. Hydrogen bonded and ionically crosslinked high strength hydrogels exhibiting Ca2+-triggered shape memory properties and volume shrinkage for cell detachment. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:6347-6354. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00781j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Diaminotriazine hydrogen bonding reinforced and Ca2+-crosslinked high strength shape memory hydrogels are fabricated. Ca2+_induced dramatic volume shrinkage is utilized to trigger unharmful cell detachment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqing Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yinyu Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Yongmao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Bing Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- China
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28
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Yu K, Ritchie A, Mao Y, Dunn ML, Qi HJ. Controlled Sequential Shape Changing Components by 3D Printing of Shape Memory Polymer Multimaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.piutam.2014.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2022]
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29
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Yu K, Qi HJ. Temperature memory effect in amorphous shape memory polymers. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9423-9432. [PMID: 25354272 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01816h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Temperature memory effect (TME) refers to the ability of shape memory polymers (SMPs) to memorize the temperature at which pre-deformation was conducted. In the past few years, this TME was experimentally demonstrated by comparing the applied programming temperature (Td) with a characteristic recovery temperature (Tc), which corresponds to either the maximum recovery stress or free recovery speed. In these well-designed experiments, Tc was observed to be close to Td, which is consistent with the intuitive understanding of 'memorization'. However, since the polymer recovery behavior has been proved to be strongly dependent on various programming and recovery conditions, a new question that whether Tc is always equal to Td in any thermo-temporal conditions remains to be addressed. In this paper, we answered this question by examining the free recovery profile of an acrylate based amorphous SMP. The recovery Tc, which is the temperature with the maximum recovery speed, versus the recovery temperature is shown to be strongly dependent on both programming and recovery conditions. Their detailed influence could be explained by using the reduced time. During a thermomechanical working cycle of SMPs, in addition to the Td, any other thermo-temporal conditions, such as the holding time (th), cooling rate, recovery heating rate (q), etc., can affect the observed Tc by changing the reduced programming or recovery time. In this manner, the relationship between Tc and Td is not uniquely determined. Besides, the TME in SMPs can only be achieved within a given temperature range. Both onset and offset of this temperature range are shown to be influenced by the programming history, but are independent of the recovery conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yu
- The George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.
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30
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Effects of stretch induced softening to the free recovery behavior of shape memory polymer composites. POLYMER 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2014.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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31
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Nejad HB, Baker RM, Mather PT. Preparation and characterization of triple shape memory composite foams. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:8066-8074. [PMID: 25170743 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01379d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Foams prepared from shape memory polymers (SMPs) offer the potential for low density materials that can be triggered to deploy with a large volume change, unlike their solid counterparts that do so at near-constant volume. While examples of shape memory foams have been reported in the past, they have been limited to dual SMPs: those polymers featuring one switching transition between an arbitrarily programmed shape and a single permanent shape established by constituent crosslinks. Meanwhile, advances by SMP researchers have led to several approaches toward triple- or multi-shape polymers that feature more than one switching phase and thus a multitude of temporary shapes allowing for a complex sequence of shape deployments. Here, we report the design, preparation, and characterization of a triple shape memory polymeric foam that is open cell in nature and features a two phase, crosslinked SMP with a glass transition temperature of one phase at a temperature lower than a melting transition of the second phase. The soft materials were observed to feature high fidelity, repeatable triple shape behavior, characterized in compression and demonstrated for complex deployment by fixing a combination of foam compression and bending. We further explored the wettability of the foams, revealing composition-dependent behavior favorable for future work in biomedical investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Birjandi Nejad
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute and Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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32
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Friess F, Lendlein A, Wischke C. Photoinduced synthesis of polyester networks from methacrylate functionalized precursors: analysis of side reactions. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Friess
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; 14469 Potsdam Germany
| | - Andreas Lendlein
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Potsdam; 14469 Potsdam Germany
| | - Christian Wischke
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT); Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht; Kantstr. 55 14513 Teltow Germany
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33
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Torbati AH, Nejad HB, Ponce M, Sutton JP, Mather PT. Properties of triple shape memory composites prepared via polymerization-induced phase separation. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:3112-3121. [PMID: 24695693 DOI: 10.1039/c3sm52599f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Research in the field of shape memory polymers has recently witnessed the introduction of increasing complexity of material response, including such phenomena as triple/multishape behavior, temperature memory, and reversible actuation. Ordinarily, such complexity in physical behaviour is achieved through comparable complexity in material composition and synthesis. Seeking to achieve a triple shape behaviour with a simple route to materials synthesis, we introduce here a method that utilizes polymerization induced phase separation (PIPS) to yield the requisite combination of microstructure and composition. Thus, two blends incorporating epoxy and poly(ε-caprolactone) were developed using commercially available reactants, one featuring a semicrystalline epoxy and the other featuring an amorphous epoxy. We show that both blends exhibited distinct transition temperatures and three modulus-temperature plateaus needed for triple shape behaviour. Despite these similarities, their physical character at room temperature is vastly different: the semicrystalline epoxy material is elastomeric and the amorphous epoxy material is highly stiff. Characterization of the triple shape behaviour revealed an ability of both systems to fix two separate deformations independently, one by PCL crystallization and a second one by epoxy crystallization or vitrification, and recover both programmed shapes separately upon heating. Given the simplicity of fabrication, we envision application as multi-shape coatings, adhesives, and films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir H Torbati
- Syracuse Biomaterials Institute and Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
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34
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Reduced time as a unified parameter determining fixity and free recovery of shape memory polymers. Nat Commun 2014; 5:3066. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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35
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Li G, Fei G, Liu B, Xia H, Zhao Y. Shape recovery characteristics for shape memory polymers subjected to high intensity focused ultrasound. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra04586f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A random copolymer shape memory behaviour triggered by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) was studied in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
- Département de chimie
| | - Guoxia Fei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hesheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering
- Polymer Research Institute
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Département de chimie
- Université de Sherbrooke
- Sherbrooke, Canada
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Cai Y, Feng X, Jiang JS. Novel kind of functional gradient poly(ε-caprolactone) polyurethane nanocomposite: A shape-memory effect induced in three ways. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Cai
- Department of Physics; Center of Functional Nanomaterials and Devices, East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
| | | | - Ji-Sen Jiang
- Department of Physics; Center of Functional Nanomaterials and Devices, East China Normal University; Shanghai 200241 China
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Razzaq MY, Behl M, Kratz K, Lendlein A. Triple-shape effect in polymer-based composites by cleverly matching geometry of active component with heating method. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:5514-5518. [PMID: 23893389 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201301521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2013] [Revised: 06/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A triple-shape effect is created for a segmented device consisting of an active component encapsulated in a highly flexible polymer network. Segments with the same composition but different interface areas can be recovered independently either at specific field strengths (Hsw ) during inductive heating, at a specific time during environmentally heating, or at different airflow during inductive heating at constant H. Herein the type of heating method regulates the sequence order.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Razzaq
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg, Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstrasse 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
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Influence of a polyester coating of magnetic nanoparticles on magnetic heating behavior of shape-memory polymer-based composites. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2013; 10:203-9. [PMID: 23242879 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.2012.10293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic composites of thermosensitive shape-memory polymers (SMPs) and magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) allow noncontact actuation of the shape-memory effect in an alternating magnetic field. In this study, we investigated whether the magnetic heating capability of cross-linked poly(ε-caprolactone)/MNP composites (cPCLC) could be improved by covalent coating of MNPs with oligo(ε-caprolactone) (OCL). METHODS Two different types of cPCLC containing uncoated and OCL-coated MNP with identical magnetite weight content were prepared by thermally induced polymerization of poly(ε-caprolactone) diisocyanatoethyl methacrylate. Both cPCLCs exhibited a melting transition at Tm = 48°C, which could be used as switching transition. RESULTS The dispersion of the embedded nanoparticles within the polymer matrix could be substantially improved, when the OCL-coated MNPs were used, as visualized by scanning electron microscopy. We could further demonstrate that in this way the maximal achievable bulk temperature (Tbulk) obtained within the cPCLC test specimen in magnetic heating experiments at a magnetic field strength of H = 30 kA·m(-1) could be increased from Tbulk = 48°C to Tbulk = 74°C.
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Hoeher R, Raidt T, Krumm C, Meuris M, Katzenberg F, Tiller JC. Tunable Multiple-Shape Memory Polyethylene Blends. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Hoeher
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Thomas Raidt
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Christian Krumm
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Monika Meuris
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Frank Katzenberg
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
| | - Joerg C. Tiller
- Biomaterials and Polymer Science; Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering; TU Dortmund 44221 Dortmund Germany
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Bai Y, Jiang C, Wang Q, Wang T. Multi-Shape-Memory Property Study of Novel Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Ethyl Cellulose Polymer Networks. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongkang Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100039 P. R. China
| | - Qihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
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Yoonessi M, Scheiman DA, Dittler M, Peck JA, Ilavsky J, Gaier JR, Meador MA. High-temperature multifunctional magnetoactive nickel graphene polyimide nanocomposites. POLYMER 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2013.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Huang CL, He MJ, Huo M, Du L, Zhan C, Fan CJ, Yang KK, Chin IJ, Wang YZ. A facile method to produce PBS-PEG/CNTs nanocomposites with controllable electro-induced shape memory effect. Polym Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3py00461a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sauter T, Heuchel M, Kratz K, Lendlein A. Quantifying the Shape-Memory Effect of Polymers by Cyclic Thermomechanical Tests. POLYM REV 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2012.756519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Thévenot J, Oliveira H, Sandre O, Lecommandoux S. Magnetic responsive polymer composite materials. Chem Soc Rev 2013; 42:7099-116. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60058k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Recent advances in shape–memory polymers: Structure, mechanism, functionality, modeling and applications. Prog Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2012.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 919] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
The thermally induced shape memory effect (SME) is the capability of a material to fix a temporary (deformed) shape and recover a 'memorized' permanent shape in response to heat. SMEs in polymers have enabled a variety of applications including deployable space structures, biomedical devices, adaptive optical devices, smart dry adhesives and fasteners. By the incorporation of magnetic nanoparticles (mNP) into shape-memory polymer (SMP), a magnetically controlled SME has been realized. Magnetic actuation of nanocomposites enables remotely controlled devices based on SMP, which might be useful in medical technology, e.g. remotely controlled catheters or drug delivery systems. Here, an overview of the recent advances in the field of magnetic actuation of SMP is presented. Special emphasis is given on the magnetically controlled recovery of SMP with one switching temperature T(sw) (dual-shape effect) or with two T(sw)s (triple-shape effect). The use of magnetic field to change the apparent switching temperature (T(sw,app)) of the dual or triple-shape nanocomposites is described. Finally, the capability of magnetic nanocomposites to remember the magnetic field strength (H) initially used to deform the sample (magnetic-memory effect) is addressed. The distinguished advantages of magnetic heating over conventional heating methods make these multifunctional nanocomposites attractive candidates for in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Yasar Razzaq
- Center for Biomaterial Development, Institute of Polymer Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany
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Li J, Liu T, Pan Y, Xia S, Zheng Z, Ding X, Peng Y. A Versatile Polymer Co-Network with Broadened Glass Transition Showing Adjustable Multiple-Shape Memory Effect. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201200231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kratz K, Narendra Kumar U, Noechel U, Lendlein A. Thermal Properties and Crystallinity of Grafted Copolymer Networks containing a Crystallizable Poly(ε-caprolactone) Crosslinker in an aqueous environment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1557/opl.2012.454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTHere we introduce a multifunctional copolymer network system with adjustable thermomechanical properties, which is also capable to show a substantial water uptake and in this way should allow the additional alteration of the overall elastic properties besides the variation of the crosslinking density. The swelling capacity in water, the thermal properties as well as the crystallinity of a series of grafted copolymer networks named CLEG composed of water swellable poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) side chains and crystallizable poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) segments acting as covalent crosslinker were explored in an aqueous environment.The water swelling capability of the CLEG polymer networks was found to increase from 120% to 240% with increasing weight content of PEG. In contrast to the dry state, where two well separated melting temperatures could be observed for all CLEG samples, in aqueous environment only one melting temperature slightly above 40 °C, was obtained, whereby the overall crystallinity after swelling with water was strongly related to the PCL content in the CLEG polymer networks.
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