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Trobec T, Lamassiaude N, Benoit E, Žužek MC, Sepčić K, Kladnik J, Turel I, Aráoz R, Frangež R. New insights into the effects of organometallic ruthenium complexes on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 402:111213. [PMID: 39209017 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2024.111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) are expressed in excitable and non-excitable cells of the organism. Extensive studies suggest that nAChR ligands have therapeutic potential, notably for neurological and psychiatric disorders. Organometallic ruthenium complexes are known to inhibit several medically important enzymes such as cholinesterases. In addition, they can also interact with muscle- and neuronal-subtype nAChRs. The present study aimed to investigate the direct effects of three organometallic ruthenium complexes, [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(II)(5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline)Cl]Cl (C1-Cl), [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(II)(1-hydroxypyridine-2(1H)-thionato)Cl] (C1a) and [(η6-p-cymene)Ru(II)(1-hydroxy-3-methoxypyridine-2(1H)-thionato)pta]PF6 (C1), on muscle-subtype (Torpedo) nAChRs and on the two most abundant human neuronal-subtype nAChRs in the CNS (α4β2 and α7) expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, using the two-electrode voltage-clamp. The results show that none of the three compounds had agonistic activity on any of the nAChR subtypes studied. In contrast, C1-Cl reversibly blocked Torpedo nAChR (half-reduction of ACh-evoked peak current amplitude by 332 nM of compound). When tested at 10 μM, C1-Cl was statistically more potent to inhibit TorpedonAChR than α4β2 and α7 nAChRs. Similar results of C1 effects were obtained on Torpedo and α4β2 nAChRs, while no action of the compound was detected on α7 nAChRs. Finally, the effects of C1a were statistically similar on the three nAChR subtypes but, in contrast to C1-Cl and C1, the inhibition was hardly reversible. These results, together with our previous studies on isolated mouse neuromuscular preparations, strongly suggest that C1-Cl is, among the three compounds studied, the only molecule that could be used as a potential myorelaxant drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomaž Trobec
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé (SIMoS), EMR CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France; Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Nicolas Lamassiaude
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé (SIMoS), EMR CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Evelyne Benoit
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé (SIMoS), EMR CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Monika Cecilija Žužek
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Kristina Sepčić
- Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jerneja Kladnik
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Turel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Rómulo Aráoz
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric Joliot, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Service d'Ingénierie Moléculaire pour la Santé (SIMoS), EMR CNRS/CEA 9004, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Robert Frangež
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Lázaro A, Bosque R, Marín S, Pérez-León R, Badia J, Baldomà L, Rodríguez L, Crespo M, Cascante M. Exploring the effect of the axial ligands on the anticancer activity of [C,N,N'] Pt(IV) cyclometallated compounds. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:13030-13043. [PMID: 39028273 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01225a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of three novel [C,N,N'] Pt(IV) cyclometallated compounds containing hydroxo, dichloroacetato or trifluoroacetato axial ligands is reported. Compound [PtCl(OH)2{(CH3)2N(CH2)2NCH(4-FC6H3)}] (3) was prepared by the oxidative addition of hydrogen peroxide to [C,N,N'] Pt(II) cyclometallated compound [PtCl{(CH3)2N(CH2)2NCH(4-FC6H3)}] (1) and further the reaction of compound 3 with dichloroacetate or trifluoroacetate anhydrides led to the formation of the corresponding compounds [PtCl(CHCl2COO)2{(CH3)2N(CH2)2NCH(4-FC6H3)}] (4) and [PtCl(CF3COO)2{(CH3)2N(CH2)2NCH(4-FC6H3)}] (5). The properties of the new compounds along with those of the compound [PtCl3{(CH3)2N(CH2)2NCH(4-FC6H3)}] (2), including stability in aqueous media, reduction potential using cyclic voltammetry, cytotoxic activity against the HCT116 CRC cell line, DNA interaction, topoisomerase I and cathepsin inhibition, and computational studies involving reduction of the Pt(IV) compounds and molecular docking studies, are presented. Interestingly, the antiproliferative activity of these compounds against the HCT116 CRC cell line, which is in all cases higher than that of cisplatin, follows the same trend as the reduction potentials so that the most easily reduced compound 2 is the most potent. In contrast, according to the electrophoretic mobility and molecular docking studies, the efficacy of these compounds in binding to DNA is not related to their cytotoxicity. The most active compound 2 does not modify the DNA electrophoretic mobility while the less potent compound 3 is the most efficient in binding to DNA. Although compounds 2 and 3 have only a slight effect on cell cycle distribution and apoptosis induction, generation of ROS to a higher extent for the most easily reduced compound 2 was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Lázaro
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Bosque
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Silvia Marín
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl Pérez-León
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Badia
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Baldomà
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Secció de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Facultat de Farmàcia, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Crespo
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Marta Cascante
- Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biomedicina molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, E-08028-Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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Aqilah Zahirah Norazmi N, Hafizah Mukhtar N, Ravindar L, Suhaily Saaidin A, Huda Abd Karim N, Hamizah Ali A, Kartini Agustar H, Ismail N, Yee Ling L, Ebihara M, Izzaty Hassan N. Exploring antimalarial potential: Conjugating organometallic moieties with organic fragments for enhanced efficacy. Bioorg Chem 2024; 149:107510. [PMID: 38833991 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
In the search for novel ligands with efficacy against various diseases, particularly parasitic diseases, molecular hybridization of organometallic units into biologically active scaffolds has been hailed as an appealing strategy in medicinal chemistry. The conjugation to organometallic fragments can be achieved by an appropriate linker or by directly coordinating the existing drugs to a metal. The success of Ferroquine (FQ, SR97193), an effective chloroquine-ferrocene conjugate currently undergoing the patient-exploratory phase as a combination therapy with the novel triaminopyrimidine ZY-19489 for malaria, has sparked intense interest in organometallic compound drug discovery. We present the evolution of organometallic antimalarial agents over the last decade, focusing on the parent moiety's class and the type of organometallics involved. Four main organometallic antimalarial compounds have been chosen based on conjugated organic moieties: existing antimalarial drugs, other clinical drugs, hybrid drugs, and promising scaffolds of thiosemicarbazones, benzimidazoles, and chalcones, in particular. The presented insights contribute to the ongoing discourse on organometallic compound drug development for malaria diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Aqilah Zahirah Norazmi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nur Hafizah Mukhtar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lekkala Ravindar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Aimi Suhaily Saaidin
- Center of Foundation Studies, Universiti Teknologi Mara, 43800 Dengkil, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Huda Abd Karim
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Amatul Hamizah Ali
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hani Kartini Agustar
- Department of Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, 43600, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Norzila Ismail
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicinal Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Lau Yee Ling
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Masahiro Ebihara
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu City 501-1193, Japan
| | - Nurul Izzaty Hassan
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Das S, Joshi P, Patra M. Necrosis-Inducing High-Valent Oxo-Rhenium(V) Complexes with Potent Antitumor Activity: Synthesis, Aquation Chemistry, Cisplatin Cross-Resistance Profile, and Mechanism of Action. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19720-19733. [PMID: 37974075 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy with the cytotoxic platinum (Pt) drugs cisplatin, carboplatin, and oxaliplatin is the mainstay of anticancer therapy in the clinic. The antitumor activity of Pt drugs originates from their ability to induce apoptosis via covalent adduct formation with nuclear DNA. While the phenomenal clinical success is highly encouraging, resistance and adverse toxic side effects limit the wider applicability of Pt drugs. To circumvent these limitations, we embarked on an effort to explore the antitumor potential of a new class of oxo-rhenium(V) complexes of the type [(N∧N)(EG)Re(O)Cl] (where EG = ethylene glycolate and N∧N = bipyridine, Bpy (1); phenanthroline, Phen (2); 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-phenanthroline, Me4Phen (3)). Investigation of speciation chemistry in aqueous media revealed the formation of [(N∧N)Re(O)(OH)3] as the biologically active species. Complex 3 was found to be the most potent among the three, with IC50 values ranging from 0.1 to 0.4 μM against a panel of cancer cells, which is 5-70-fold lower when compared with cisplatin. The higher potency of 3 is attributed to its higher lipophilicity, which enhanced cellular uptake. Importantly, complex 3 efficiently overcomes cisplatin resistance in ovarian, lung, and prostate cancer cells. In addition to reporting the aquation chemistry and identifying the active species in aqueous media, we performed in-depth in vitro mechanistic studies, which revealed that complex 3 preferentially accumulates in mitochondria, depletes mitochondrial membrane potential, and upregulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to ER stress-mediated necrosis-mediated cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shubhangi Das
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, 400005 Mumbai, India
| | - Pulkit Joshi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, 400005 Mumbai, India
| | - Malay Patra
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Navy Nagar, 400005 Mumbai, India
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Mirzaei M, Sharifi I, Mohammad-Rafi F, Anjomshoa M, Abiri A, Moqaddari AH, Nooshadokht M, Raiesi O, Amirheidari B. Antileishmanial effects and drugability characteristics of a heterocyclic copper complex: An in silico, in vitro and molecular study. J Inorg Biochem 2023; 245:112245. [PMID: 37167732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis caused by the protozoan Leishmania presents a severe illness, principally in tropical and subtropical areas. Antileishmanial metal complexes, like Glucantime®️ with proven activity, are routinely studied to probe their potency. We investigated the effects of a Cu (II) homoleptic complex coordinated by two dimethyl-bipyridine ligands against Leishmania major stages in silico and in vitro. The affinity of this heterocyclic Cu (II) complex (CuDMBP) towards a parasitic metacaspase was studied by molecular docking. Key pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of the complex were predicted using three web-based tools. CuDMBP was tested for in vitro antileishmanial activities using MTT assay, model murine macrophages, flow cytometry, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Molecular docking confirmed the tendency between the target macromolecule and the complex. ADMET evaluations highlighted CuDMBP's key pharmacological features, including P-glycoprotein-associated GI absorption and lack of trans-BBB permeability. MTT showed significant inhibitory effects against promastigotes. CuDMBP significantly increased the level of cellular IL-12 expression (p < 0.05), while the upregulation observed in the expression of iNOS was considered not significant (p > 0.05). It decreased the expression of IL-10 significantly (p < 0.05). Findings demonstrated that CuDMBP deserves to be introduced as a leishmanicidal candidate provided further studies are carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mirzaei
- Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Iraj Sharifi
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Farrokh Mohammad-Rafi
- Pathobiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Marzieh Anjomshoa
- Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ardavan Abiri
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Amir Hossain Moqaddari
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Nooshadokht
- Leishmaniasis Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Omid Raiesi
- Department of Parasitology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; Zoonotic Diseases Research Center, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
| | - Bagher Amirheidari
- Extremophile and Productive Microorganisms Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Karges J, Cohen SM. Rhenium(V) Complexes as Cysteine-Targeting Coordinate Covalent Warheads. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3088-3105. [PMID: 36752718 PMCID: PMC9969397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
Interest in covalent enzyme inhibitors as therapeutic agents has seen a recent resurgence. Covalent enzyme inhibitors typically possess an organic functional group that reacts with a key feature of the target enzyme, often a nucleophilic cysteine residue. Herein, the application of small, modular ReV complexes as inorganic cysteine-targeting warheads is described. These metal complexes were found to react with cysteine residues rapidly and selectively. To demonstrate the utility of these ReV complexes, their reactivity with SARS-CoV-2-associated cysteine proteases is presented, including the SARS-CoV-2 main protease and papain-like protease and human enzymes cathepsin B and L. As all of these proteins are cysteine proteases, these enzymes were found to be inhibited by the ReV complexes through the formation of adducts. These findings suggest that these ReV complexes could be used as a new class of warheads for targeting surface accessible cysteine residues in disease-relevant target proteins.
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Collery P, Desmaële D, Harikrishnan A, Veena V. Remarkable Effects of a Rhenium(I)-diselenoether Drug on the Production of Cathepsins B and S by Macrophages and their Polarizations. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2396-2407. [PMID: 37859327 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128268963231013074433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) produce an excessive amount of cysteine proteases, and we aimed to study the effects of anticancer rhenium(I)-diselenoether (Re-diSe) on the production of cathepsins B and S by macrophages. We investigated the effect of Re-diSe on lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced M1 macrophages, or by interleukin 6 (IL-6) induced M2 macrophages. METHODS Non-stimulated or prestimulated murine Raw 264 or human THP-1 macrophages were exposed to increasing concentrations of the drug (5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 μM) and viability was assayed by the MTT assay. The amount of cysteine proteases was evaluated by ELISA tests, the number of M1 and M2 macrophages by the expression of CD80 or CD206 biomarkers. The binding of Re-diSe with GSH as a model thiol-containing protein was studied by mass spectrometry. RESULTS A dose-dependent decrease in cathepsins B and S was observed in M1 macrophages. There was no effect in non-stimulated cells. The drug induced a dramatic dose-dependent increase in M1 expression in both cells, significantly decreased the M2 expression in Raw 264 and had no effect in non-stimulated macrophages. The binding of the Re atom with the thiols was clearly demonstrated. CONCLUSION The increase in the number of M1 and a decrease in M2 macrophages treated by Re-diSe could be related to the decrease in cysteine proteases upon binding of their thiol residues with the Re atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collery
- Society for the Coordination of Therapeutic Researches, 20220 Algajola, France
| | - Didier Desmaële
- Department of Chemistry, Institut Galien, Université Paris-Saclay, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Science, Vinayaka Mission Research Foundation- AV Campus, Chennai 560064, India
| | - Vijay Veena
- School of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Jain University, Bangalore 560066, India
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Hu Q, Xiong Y, Zhu G, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Huang P, Ge G. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease (M pro): Structure, function, and emerging therapies for COVID-19. MedComm (Beijing) 2022; 3:e151. [PMID: 35845352 PMCID: PMC9283855 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main proteases (Mpro), also termed 3-chymotrypsin-like proteases (3CLpro), are a class of highly conserved cysteine hydrolases in β-coronaviruses. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that 3CLpros play an indispensable role in viral replication and have been recognized as key targets for preventing and treating coronavirus-caused infectious diseases, including COVID-19. This review is focused on the structural features and biological function of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) main protease Mpro (also known as 3CLpro), as well as recent advances in discovering and developing SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors. To better understand the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors, the inhibition activities, inhibitory mechanisms, and key structural features of various 3CLpro inhibitors (including marketed drugs, peptidomimetic, and non-peptidomimetic synthetic compounds, as well as natural compounds and their derivatives) are summarized comprehensively. Meanwhile, the challenges in this field are highlighted, while future directions for designing and developing efficacious 3CLpro inhibitors as novel anti-coronavirus therapies are also proposed. Collectively, all information and knowledge presented here are very helpful for understanding the structural features and inhibitory mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro inhibitors, which offers new insights or inspiration to medicinal chemists for designing and developing more efficacious 3CLpro inhibitors as novel anti-coronavirus agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Hu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyInstitute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
- Clinical Pharmacy CenterCancer CenterDepartment of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical College, HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Yuan Xiong
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyInstitute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Guang‐Hao Zhu
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyInstitute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ya‐Ni Zhang
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyInstitute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi‐Wen Zhang
- Clinical Pharmacy CenterCancer CenterDepartment of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical College, HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Ping Huang
- Clinical Pharmacy CenterCancer CenterDepartment of PharmacyZhejiang Provincial People's HospitalAffiliated People's HospitalHangzhou Medical College, HangzhouZhejiangChina
| | - Guang‐Bo Ge
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of TCM Chemical BiologyInstitute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine ResearchShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
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9
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Quintana M, Rodriguez-Rius A, Vellé A, Vives S, Sanz Miguel PJ, Triola G. Dinuclear silver and gold bisNHC complexes as drug candidates for cancer therapy. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 67:116814. [PMID: 35598528 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We report four dinuclear silver(I) and gold(I) complexes containing two different bidentate N-heterocyclic carbene ligands (bisNHC). One of these complexes 4, shows strong and selective anticancer activity against the human ovarian cancer cell line A2780. Mechanistically, 4 enhances the oxidative stress by stimulating reactive oxygen species production and inhibiting the scavenging activity of thioredoxin reductase. Our findings provide evidence that tuning ligand and electronic properties of metal-NHC complexes can modulate their reactivity and selectivity and it may result in potential novel anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Quintana
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña (IQAC), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Rodriguez-Rius
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña (IQAC), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Vellé
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Sonia Vives
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña (IQAC), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pablo J Sanz Miguel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Gemma Triola
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Instituto de Química Avanzada de Cataluña (IQAC), CSIC, Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034, Barcelona, Spain.
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10
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Aires RL, Santos IA, Fontes JV, Bergamini FRG, Jardim ACG, Abbehausen C. Triphenylphosphine gold(I) derivatives promote antiviral effects against the Chikungunya virus. METALLOMICS : INTEGRATED BIOMETAL SCIENCE 2022; 14:6650674. [PMID: 35894863 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Herein a systematic series of four [AuLL']n+ n = 0, +1 complexes, where L = 1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazole-2-ylidene (IMes), or triphenylphosphine (PPh3), and L' = chloride, or 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP), had their in vitro antiviral activity assessed against Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). The PPh3 derivatives inhibited viral replication by 99%, whereas the IMes derivatives about 50%. The lipophilicity of the PPh3 derivatives is higher than the IMes-bearing compounds, which can be related to their more prominent antiviral activities. The dissociation of DMAP is faster than chloride in solution for both IMes and PPh3 derivatives; however, it does not significantly affect their in vitro activities, showing a higher dependence on the nature of L rather than L' towards their antiviral effects. All complexes bind to N-acetyl-L-cysteine, with the Ph3P-bearing complexes coordinating at a faster rate to this amino acid. The binding constants to bovine serum albumin (BSA) are in the order of 104, slightly higher for the DMAP complexes in both PPh3 and IMes derivatives. Mechanistic investigations of the PPh3 complexes showed a ubiquitous protective effect of the compounds in the pre-treatment, early stages, and post-entry assays. The most significant inhibition was observed in post-entry activity, in which the complexes blocked viral replication in 99%, followed by up to 95% inhibition of the early stages of infection. Pre-treatment assays showed a 92% and 80% replication decrease for the chloride and DMAP derivatives, respectively. dsRNA binding assays showed a significant interaction of the compounds with dsRNA, an essential biomolecule to viral replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rochanna L Aires
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Igor A Santos
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia-MG 38405-302, Brazil
| | - Josielle V Fontes
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, 13083-871, Brazil
| | - Fernando R G Bergamini
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Bioinspired Molecules, Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, MG 38408-100, Brazil.,Max-Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ana Carolina G Jardim
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia-MG 38405-302, Brazil.,Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (Ibilce), São Paulo State University (Unesp), Campus São José do Rio Preto, São José do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilla Abbehausen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Campinas-SP, 13083-871, Brazil
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11
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Tialiou A, Chin J, Keppler BK, Reithofer MR. Current Developments of N-Heterocyclic Carbene Au(I)/Au(III) Complexes toward Cancer Treatment. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061417. [PMID: 35740438 PMCID: PMC9219884 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Since their first discovery, N-heterocyclic carbenes have had a significant impact on organometallic chemistry. Due to their nature as strong σ-donor and π-acceptor ligands, they are exceptionally well suited to stabilize Au(I) and Au(III) complexes in biological environments. Over the last decade, the development of rationally designed NHCAu(I/III) complexes to specifically target DNA has led to a new “gold rush” in bioinorganic chemistry. This review aims to summarize the latest advances of NHCAu(I/III) complexes that are able to interact with DNA. Furthermore, the latest advancements on acyclic diamino carbene gold complexes with anticancer activity are presented as these typically overlooked NHC alternatives offer great additional design possibilities in the toolbox of carbene-stabilized gold complexes for targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Tialiou
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.); (B.K.K.)
- Vienna Doctoral School in Chemistry (DoSChem), University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jiamin Chin
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry—Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Bernhard K. Keppler
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.); (B.K.K.)
- Research Cluster “Translational Cancer Therapy Research”, University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael R. Reithofer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (A.T.); (B.K.K.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (M.R.R.)
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12
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Swaminathan S, Haribabu J, Balakrishnan N, Vasanthakumar P, Karvembu R. Piano stool Ru(II)-arene complexes having three monodentate legs: A comprehensive review on their development as anticancer therapeutics over the past decade. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Rosa LB, Galuppo C, Lima RLA, Fontes JV, Siqueira FS, Júdice WAS, Abbehausen C, Miguel DC. Antileishmanial activity and insights into the mechanisms of action of symmetric Au(I) benzyl and aryl-N-heterocyclic carbenes. J Inorg Biochem 2022; 229:111726. [PMID: 35065320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2022.111726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Leishmania amazonensis and L. braziliensis are the main etiological agents of the American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL). Taking into account the limited effectiveness and high toxicity of the current drug arsenal to treat ATL, novel options are urgently needed. Inspired by the fact that gold-based compounds are promising candidates for antileishmanial drugs, we studied the biological action of a systematic series of six (1)-(6) symmetric Au(I) benzyl and aryl-N-heterocyclic carbenes. All compounds were active at low micromolar concentrations with 50% effective concentrations ranging from 1.57 to 8.30 μM against Leishmania promastigotes. The mesityl derivative (3) proved to be the best candidate from this series, with a selectivity index ~13 against both species. The results suggest an effect of the steric and electronic parameters of the N-substituent in the activity. Intracellular infections were drastically reduced after 24h of (2)-(5) incubation in terms of infection rate and amastigote burden. Further investigations showed that our compounds induced significant parasites' morphological alterations and membrane permeability. Also, (3) and (6) were able to reduce the residual activity of three Leishmania recombinant cysteine proteases, known as possible targets for Au(I) complexes. Our promising results open the possibility of exploring gold complexes as leishmanicidal molecules to be further screened in in vivo models of infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia B Rosa
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Galuppo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rochanna L A Lima
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Josielle V Fontes
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio S Siqueira
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biochemical Research, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Wagner A S Júdice
- Interdisciplinary Center for Biochemical Research, University of Mogi das Cruzes, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilla Abbehausen
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Danilo C Miguel
- Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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14
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Sanz Garcia J, Gaschard M, Navizet I, Sahihi M, Top S, Wang Y, Pigeon P, Vessières A, Salmain M, Jaouen G. Inhibition of cathepsin B by ferrocenyl indenes highlights a new pharmacological facet of ferrocifens. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Sanz Garcia
- Université Gustave Eiffel: Universite Gustave Eiffel MSME FRANCE
| | - Marie Gaschard
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire FRANCE
| | - Isabelle Navizet
- Université Gustave Eiffel: Universite Gustave Eiffel MSME FRANCE
| | - Mehdi Sahihi
- Université Gustave Eiffel: Universite Gustave Eiffel MSME FRANCE
| | - Siden Top
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire FRANCE
| | - Yong Wang
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire FRANCE
| | - Pascal Pigeon
- PSL Research University: Universite PSL chimie Paristech FRANCE
| | - Anne Vessières
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire FRANCE
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université: Sorbonne Universite Institut Parisien de Chimie Moleculaire 4 place Jussieucase courrier 229 75005 Paris FRANCE
| | - Gerard Jaouen
- PSL Research University: Universite PSL chimie paristech FRANCE
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15
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Arya PS, Yagnik SM, Rajput KN, Panchal RR, Raval VH. Understanding the Basis of Occurrence, Biosynthesis, and Implications of Thermostable Alkaline Proteases. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2021; 193:4113-4150. [PMID: 34648116 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-021-03701-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The group of hydrolytic enzymes synonymously known as proteases is predominantly most favored for the class of industrial enzymes. The present work focuses on the thermostable nature of these proteolytic enzymes that occur naturally among mesophilic and thermophilic microbes. The broad thermo-active feature (40-80 °C), ease of cultivation, maintenance, and bulk production are the key features associated with these enzymes. Detailing of contemporary production technologies, and controllable operational parameters including the purification strategies, are the key features that justify their industrial dominance as biocatalysts. In addition, the rigorous research inputs by protein engineering and enzyme immobilization studies add up to the thermo-catalytic features and application capabilities of these enzymes. The work summarizes key features of microbial proteases that make them numero-uno for laundry, biomaterials, waste management, food and feed, tannery, and medical as well as pharmaceutical industries. The quest for novel and/or designed and engineered thermostable protease from unexplored sources is highly stimulating and will address the ever-increasing industrial demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashant S Arya
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Shivani M Yagnik
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Kiransinh N Rajput
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Rakeshkumar R Panchal
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India
| | - Vikram H Raval
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, School of Sciences, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, 380009, India.
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16
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Mansour AM, Radacki K, Shehab OR. Sulfonate improves water solubility and cell selective toxicity and alters the lysozyme binding activity of half sandwich Rh(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:10701-10706. [PMID: 34337627 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00979f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction of the propyl-sulfonic acid group at N1 of the coordinated 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole ligand (L) in [RhCl(η5-C5Me5)L](CF3SO3) gives rise to a water-soluble complex, which can bind to the model protein lysozyme via non-covalent interactions. The complex shows selective moderate toxicity against Cryptococcus neoformans (MIC = 21.6-43.3 μM) and exhibits no cytotoxicity to healthy HEK293 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M Mansour
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
| | - Krzysztof Radacki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ola R Shehab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Gamma Street, Giza, Cairo 12613, Egypt.
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17
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Gamberi T, Pratesi A, Messori L, Massai L. Proteomics as a tool to disclose the cellular and molecular mechanisms of selected anticancer gold compounds. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Abstract
Metal complexes have been widely used for applications in the chemical and physical sciences due to their unique electronic and stereochemical properties. For decades the use of metal complexes for medicinal applications has been postulated and demonstrated. The distinct characteristics of metal complexes, including their molecular geometries (that are not readily accessed by organic molecules), as well as their ligand exchange, redox, catalytic, and photophysical reactions, give these compounds the potential to interact and react with biomolecules in unique ways and by distinct mechanisms of action. Herein, the potential of metal complexes to act as components bioactive therapeutic compounds is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Seth M. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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19
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Karges J, Kalaj M, Gembicky M, Cohen SM. Re I Tricarbonyl Complexes as Coordinate Covalent Inhibitors for the SARS-CoV-2 Main Cysteine Protease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:10716-10723. [PMID: 33606889 PMCID: PMC8014511 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Since its outbreak, the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has impacted the quality of life and cost hundreds-of-thousands of lives worldwide. Based on its global spread and mortality, there is an urgent need for novel treatments which can combat this disease. To date, the 3-chymotrypsin-like protease (3CLpro ), which is also known as the main protease, is considered among the most important pharmacological targets. The vast majority of investigated 3CLpro inhibitors are organic, non-covalent binders. Herein, the use of inorganic, coordinate covalent binders is proposed that can attenuate the activity of the protease. ReI tricarbonyl complexes were identified that demonstrate coordinate covalent enzymatic inhibition of 3CLpro . Preliminary studies indicate the selective inhibition of 3CLpro over several human proteases. This study presents the first example of metal complexes as inhibitors for the 3CLpro cysteine protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Karges
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Mark Kalaj
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
| | - Seth M. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of California, San DiegoLa JollaCA92093USA
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20
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Re
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Tricarbonyl Complexes as Coordinate Covalent Inhibitors for the SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Cysteine Protease. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Rosa LB, Aires RL, Oliveira LS, Fontes JV, Miguel DC, Abbehausen C. A "Golden Age" for the discovery of new antileishmanial agents: Current status of leishmanicidal gold complexes and prospective targets beyond the trypanothione system. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1681-1695. [PMID: 33615725 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected diseases worldwide and is considered a serious public health issue. The current therapeutic options have several disadvantages that make the search for new therapeutics urgent. Gold compounds are emerging as promising candidates based on encouraging in vitro and limited in vivo results for several AuI and AuIII complexes. The antiparasitic mechanisms of these molecules remain only partially understood. However, a few studies have proposed the trypanothione redox system as a target, similar to the mammalian thioredoxin system, pointed out as the main target for several gold compounds with significant antitumor activity. In this review, we present the current status of the investigation and design of gold compounds directed at treating leishmaniasis. In addition, we explore potential targets in Leishmania parasites beyond the trypanothione system, taking into account previous studies and structure modulation performed for gold-based compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia B Rosa
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rochanna L Aires
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil)
| | - Laiane S Oliveira
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil)
| | - Josielle V Fontes
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil)
| | - Danilo C Miguel
- Institute of Biology, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Camilla Abbehausen
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas, PO Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil)
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22
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Banerjee I, Ghosh KC, Oheix E, Jean M, Naubron JV, Réglier M, Iranzo O, Sinha S. Synthesis of Protected 3,4- and 2,3-Dimercaptophenylalanines as Building Blocks for Fmoc-Peptide Synthesis and Incorporation of the 3,4-Analogue in a Decapeptide Using Solid-Phase Synthesis. J Org Chem 2021; 86:2210-2223. [PMID: 33491451 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
3,4-Dimercaptophenylalanines and 2,3-dimercaptophenylalanines have been synthesized for the first time by nucleophilic substitution of a protected aminomalonate on 3,4- and 2,3-dimercaptobenzyl bromide derivatives. The dithiol functions were protected as thioketals, and the key precursors, diphenylthioketal-protected dimercaptobenzyl bromides, were synthesized via two distinct routes from either dihydroxy benzoates or toluene-3,4-dithiol. Racemic mixtures of the fully protected amino acids were separated by chiral HPLC into the corresponding enantiomers. The absolute configuration of both 3,4- and 2,3-analogues could be assigned based on X-ray crystallography and VCD/DFT measurements. Thioketal groups were deprotected upon reaction with mercury oxide and aqueous tetrafluoroboric acid followed by treatment with H2S gas under an argon atmosphere to obtain the corresponding dimercapto amino acids. The optically pure l-Fmoc-protected 3,4-analogue (S- enantiomer) was successfully incorporated into a decapeptide using standard solid-phase peptide synthesis. Therefore, dithiolene-functionalized peptides are now accessible from a simple synthetic procedure, and this should afford new molecular tools for research into the catalysis, diagnostic, and nanotechnology fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isita Banerjee
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Keshab Ch Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
| | - Emmanuel Oheix
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Marion Jean
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-Valère Naubron
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM-Spectropole,, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Marius Réglier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Olga Iranzo
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Surajit Sinha
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700 032, India
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23
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Ang KP, Chan PF, Hamid RA. Antiproliferative activity exerted by tricyclohexylphosphanegold(I) n-mercaptobenzoate against MCF-7 and A2780 cell lines: the role of p53 signaling pathways. Biometals 2020; 34:141-160. [PMID: 33196940 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-020-00269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Based on the recent studies depicting the potential of heterometallic gold complexes as potent antiproliferative agents, herein we first reported the preliminary mechanistic data on the in-vitro antiproliferative activity of tricyclohexylphosphanegold(I) n-mercaptobenzoate, Cy3PAu(n-MBA) where n = 2 (1), 3 (2) and 4 (3), and MBA = mercaptobenzoic acid, treated using MCF-7 breast cancer and A2780 ovarian cancer cells, respectively. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of both cancer cells treated with 1-3, respectively. The IC50 of 1-3 were applied to the subsequent assays including cell invasion and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) as well as ubiquitin activities specifically on Lys48 and Lys63-linked polyubiquitin chains via flowcytometric analysis. The mechanistic effect of 1-3 towards both cells were evaluated on human p53 signaling gene expressions via RT2 profiler Polymerase Chain Reductase (PCR) array. 1-3 were found to be highly cytotoxic towards both MCF-7 and A2780 cancer cell lines with the compounds were more sensitive towards the latter cells. 1-3 also suppressed TrxR and cell invasion activities by modulating p53 related genes related with proliferation, invasion and TrxR activities i.e. CCNB1, TP53, CDK4 etc. 1-3 also regulated Lys48 and Lys63-linked polyubiquitination by reactivation of p53, suggesting the ability of this gene in regulating inhibition of cytoskeletal reorganization via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), required for tumor progression. Taken together, the overall findings denoted that 1-3 exerted potent antiproliferative activity in MCF-7 and A2780 cells via activation of the p53 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kok Pian Ang
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pit Foong Chan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Roslida Abd Hamid
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Controlling the reactivity of [Pd (II)(N^N^N)Cl] + complexes using 2,6-bis(pyrazol-2-yl)pyridine ligands for biological application: Substitution reactivity, CT-DNA interactions and in vitro cytotoxicity study. J Inorg Biochem 2020; 213:111261. [PMID: 33011625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2020.111261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Four [(N^N^N)Pd(II)Cl]+ complexes [chloride-(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)Pd(II)]Cl (PdL1), [chlorido(2,6-bis(N-pyrazol-2-yl)pyridine)Pd(II)]Cl (PdL2), [chlorido(2,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-N-pyrazol-2-yl)pyridine)Pd(II)]Cl (PdL3) and [chlorido(2,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-N-pyrazol-2-ylmethyl)pyridine)Pd(II)]BF4 (PdL4) were synthesized and characterized. The rates of substitution of these Pd(II) complexes with thiourea nucleophiles viz; thiourea (Tu), N,N'-dimethylthiourea (Dmtu) and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylthiourea (Tmtu) was investigated under pseudo first-order conditions as a function of nucleophile concentration [Nu] and temperature using the stopped-flow technique. The observed rate constants vary linearly with [Nu]; kobs = k2[Nu] and decreased in the order: PdL1 > PdL2 > PdL3 ≫ PdL4. The lower π-acceptability of the cis-coordinated N-pyrazol-2-yl groups (which coordinates via pyrazollic-N π-donor atoms) of the PdL2-4 significantly decelerates the reactivity relative to PdL1. Furthermore, the six-membered chelates having methylene bridge in PdL4 do not allow π-extension in the ligand and introduces steric hindrance further lowering the reactivity. Trends in DFT calculated data supported the observed reactivity trend. Spectrophotometric titration data of complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) and viscosity measurements of the resultant mixtures suggested that associative interactions occur between the complexes and CT-DNA, likely through groove binding with high binding constants (Kb = 104 M-1). In vitro MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] cytotoxic activity data showed that PdL1 was the most potent complex against MCF7 breast cancer cells; its IC50 value is lower than that of cisplatin. The results demonstrate how modification of a spectator ligand can be used to slow down the reactivity of Pd(II) complexes. This is of special importance in controlling drug toxicity in both pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.
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25
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Escrig JI, Hahn HJ, Debnath A. Activity of Auranofin against Multiple Genotypes of Naegleria fowleri and Its Synergistic Effect with Amphotericin B In Vitro. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:2464-2471. [PMID: 32392039 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis, caused by brain infection with a free-living ameba, Naegleria fowleri, leads to extensive inflammation of the brain and death within 3-7 days after symptoms begin. Treatment of primary amebic meningoencephalitis relies on amphotericin B in combination with other drugs, but use of amphotericin B is associated with severe adverse effects. Despite a fatality rate of over 97%, economic incentive to invest in development of antiamebic drugs by the pharmaceutical industry is lacking. Development of safe and rapidly acting drugs remains a critical unmet need to avert future deaths. Since FDA-approved anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic drug auranofin is a known inhibitor of selenoprotein synthesis and thioredoxin reductase and the genome of N. fowleri encodes genes for both selenocysteine biosynthesis and thioredoxin reductases, we tested the effect of auranofin against N. fowleri strains of different genotypes from the USA, Europe, and Australia. Auranofin was equipotent against all tested strains with an EC50 of 1-2 μM. Our growth inhibition study at different time points demonstrated that auranofin is fast-acting, and ∼90% growth inhibition was achieved within 16 h of drug exposure. A short exposure of N. fowleri to auranofin led to the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species. This is consistent with auranofin's role in inhibiting antioxidant pathways. Further, combination of auranofin and amphotericin B led to 95% of growth inhibition with 2-9-fold dose reduction for amphotericin B and 3-20-fold dose reduction for auranofin. Auranofin has the potential to be repurposed for the treatment of primary amebic meningoencephalitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Ignacio Escrig
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0756, United States
| | - Hye Jee Hahn
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0756, United States
| | - Anjan Debnath
- Center for Discovery and Innovation in Parasitic Diseases, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0756, United States
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26
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Lázaro A, Balcells C, Quirante J, Badia J, Baldomà L, Ward JS, Rissanen K, Font-Bardia M, Rodríguez L, Crespo M, Cascante M. Luminescent Pt II and Pt IV Platinacycles with Anticancer Activity Against Multiplatinum-Resistant Metastatic CRC and CRPC Cell Models. Chemistry 2020; 26:1947-1952. [PMID: 31909511 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Platinum-based chemotherapy persists to be the only effective therapeutic option against a wide variety of tumours. Nevertheless, the acquisition of platinum resistance is utterly common, ultimately cornering conventional platinum drugs to only palliative in many patients. Thus, encountering alternatives that are both effective and non-cross-resistant is urgent. In this work, we report the synthesis, reduction studies, and luminescent properties of a series of cyclometallated (C,N,N')PtIV compounds derived from amine-imine ligands, and their remarkable efficacy at the high nanomolar range and complete lack of cross-resistance, as an intrinsic property of the platinacycle, against multiplatinum-resistant colorectal cancer (CRC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) metastatic cell lines generated for this work. We have also determined that the compounds are effective and selective for a broader cancer panel, including breast and lung cancer. Additionally, selected compounds have been further evaluated, finding a shift in their antiproliferative mechanism towards more cytotoxic and less cytostatic than cisplatin against cancer cells, being also able to oxidize cysteine residues and inhibit topoisomerase II, thereby holding great promise as future improved alternatives to conventional platinum drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna Lázaro
- Dpt de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Balcells
- Dpt. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Quirante
- Laboratori de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Badia
- Dpt de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Baldomà
- Dpt de Bioquímica i Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jas S Ward
- Dpt of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, Jyvaskyla, 40014, Finland
| | - Kari Rissanen
- Dpt of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, P.O. Box 35, Jyvaskyla, 40014, Finland
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat de difracció de RX, CCiTUB, Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís 1-3, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Rodríguez
- Dpt de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia, Universitat de, Barcelona (IN2UB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Crespo
- Dpt de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Dpt. of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), 08028, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticasydigestivas, (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
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27
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de Moura TR, Zanetti RD, Silva DES, de Farias RL, Mauro AE, Pereira JCM, de Souza AA, da Silva Siqueira F, de Souza Júdice WA, Lima MA, Rocha FV, Deflon VM, Vieira de Godoy Netto A. Palladium( ii) complexes bearing 1-iminothiolate-3,5-dimethylpyrazoles: synthesis, cytotoxicity, DNA binding and enzymatic inhibition studies. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02825h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the enzymatic inhibitory activity of four novel Pd(ii) complexes towards topoisomerase IIα and cathepsins B and L.In silicostudies agree well with the enhancedin vitrocathepsin B inhibition induced by compound4(58% at 10 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thales Reggiani de Moura
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Renan Diego Zanetti
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Debora Eduarda Soares Silva
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Renan Lira de Farias
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Antonio Eduardo Mauro
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - José Clayston Melo Pereira
- UNESP – Univ. Estadual Paulista
- Instituto de Química
- Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
- Araraquara
- Brazil
| | - Aline Aparecida de Souza
- UMC - Univ. de Mogi das Cruzes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica
- Mogi das Cruzes
- Brazil
| | - Fábio da Silva Siqueira
- UMC - Univ. de Mogi das Cruzes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica
- Mogi das Cruzes
- Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Almeida Lima
- UFSCar – Univ. Federal de São Carlos
- Departamento de Química
- São Carlos
- Brazil
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28
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Björkblom B, Jonsson P, Tabatabaei P, Bergström P, Johansson M, Asklund T, Bergenheim AT, Antti H. Metabolic response patterns in brain microdialysis fluids and serum during interstitial cisplatin treatment of high-grade glioma. Br J Cancer 2019; 122:221-232. [PMID: 31819184 PMCID: PMC7052137 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-019-0652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High-grade gliomas are associated with poor prognosis. Tumour heterogeneity and invasiveness create challenges for effective treatment and use of systemically administrated drugs. Furthermore, lack of functional predictive response-assays based on drug efficacy complicates evaluation of early treatment responses. Methods We used microdialysis to deliver cisplatin into the tumour and to monitor levels of metabolic compounds present in the tumour and non-malignant brain tissue adjacent to tumour, before and during treatment. In parallel, we collected serum samples and used multivariate statistics to analyse the metabolic effects. Results We found distinct metabolic patterns in the extracellular fluids from tumour compared to non-malignant brain tissue, including high concentrations of a wide range of amino acids, amino acid derivatives and reduced levels of monosaccharides and purine nucleosides. We found that locoregional cisplatin delivery had a strong metabolic effect at the tumour site, resulting in substantial release of glutamic acid, phosphate, and spermidine and a reduction of cysteine levels. In addition, patients with long-time survival displayed different treatment response patterns in both tumour and serum. Longer survival was associated with low tumour levels of lactic acid, glyceric acid, ketoses, creatinine and cysteine. Patients with longer survival displayed lower serum levels of ketohexoses, fatty acid methyl esters, glycerol-3-phosphate and alpha-tocopherol, while elevated phosphate levels were seen in both tumour and serum during treatment. Conclusion We highlight distinct metabolic patterns associated with high-grade tumour metabolism, and responses to cytotoxic cisplatin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pär Jonsson
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Pedram Tabatabaei
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Per Bergström
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Johansson
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Thomas Asklund
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Oncology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Tommy Bergenheim
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Neurosurgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Henrik Antti
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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29
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da Cunha GA, de Souza RFF, de Farias RL, Moreira MB, Silva DES, Zanetti RD, Garcia DM, Spindola DG, Michelin LFG, Bincoletto C, de Souza AA, Antunes AA, Judice WADS, Leitao RCF, Deflon VM, Mauro AE, Netto AVG. Cyclopalladated compounds containing 2,6-lutidine: Synthesis, spectral and biological studies. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 203:110944. [PMID: 31794895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Bridge splitting reactions between [Pd(C2,N-dmba)(μ-X)]2 (dmba = N,N-dimethylbenzylamine; X = Cl, I, N3, NCO) and 2,6-lutidine (lut) in the 1:2 molar ratio at room temperature afforded cyclopalladated compounds of general formulae [Pd(C2,N-dmba)(X)(lut)] {X = Cl- (1), I-(2), NNN-(3), NCO-(4)}, which were characterized by elemental analyses and infrared (IR), 1H NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of all synthesized palladacycles have been solved by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. The cytotoxicity of the cyclopalladated compounds has been evaluated against a panel of murine {mammary carcinoma (4T1) and melanoma (B16F10-Nex2)} and human {melanoma (A2058, SK-MEL-110 and SK-MEL-5) tumor cell lines. All complexes were about 10 to 100-fold more active than cisplatin, depending on the tested tumor cell line. For comparison purposes, the cytotoxic effects of 1-4 towards human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5) have also been tested. The late apoptosis-inducing properties of 1-4 compounds in SK-MEL-5 cells were verified 24 h incubation using annexin V-Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI). The binding properties of the model compound 1 on human serum albumin (HSA) and calf thymus DNA (ct-DNA) have been studied using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. Docking simulations have been carried out to gain more information about the interaction of the palladacycle and HSA. The ability of compounds 1-4 to inhibit the activity of cathepsin B and L has also been investigated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine A da Cunha
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Ronan F F de Souza
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan L de Farias
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariete B Moreira
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Débora E S Silva
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan D Zanetti
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel M Garcia
- São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo Medicinal School, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Spindola
- São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo Medicinal School, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luis F G Michelin
- São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo Medicinal School, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Bincoletto
- São Paulo Federal University (UNIFESP), Department of Pharmacology, São Paulo Medicinal School, 04044-020 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline A de Souza
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica -CIIB, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida Souza, 200-CEP: 08701-970, CP: 411, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Alyne A Antunes
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica -CIIB, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida Souza, 200-CEP: 08701-970, CP: 411, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Wagner A de S Judice
- Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Bioquímica -CIIB, Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes, Av. Cândido Xavier de Almeida Souza, 200-CEP: 08701-970, CP: 411, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, Brazil
| | - Renan C F Leitao
- University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Victor M Deflon
- University of São Paulo (USP), São Carlos Institute of Chemistry (IQSC), 13566-590 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Antônio E Mauro
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Adelino V G Netto
- UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Institute of Chemistry, 14800-060 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
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30
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Collery P, Desmaele D, Vijaykumar V. Design of Rhenium Compounds in Targeted Anticancer Therapeutics. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:3306-3322. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190902161400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Many rhenium (Re) complexes with potential anticancer properties have been synthesized
in the recent years with the aim to overcome the clinical limitations of platinum agents. Re(I) tricarbonyl
complexes are the most common but Re compounds with higher oxidation states have also been investigated, as
well as hetero-metallic complexes and Re-loaded self-assembling devices. Many of these compounds display
promising cytotoxic and phototoxic properties against malignant cells but all Re compounds are still at the stage
of preclinical studies.
Methods:
The present review focused on the rhenium based cancer drugs that were in preclinical and clinical
trials were examined critically. The detailed targeted interactions and experimental evidences of Re compounds
reported by the patentable and non-patentable research findings used to write this review.
Results:
In the present review, we described the most recent and promising rhenium compounds focusing on their
potential mechanism of action including, phototoxicity, DNA binding, mitochondrial effects, oxidative stress
regulation or enzyme inhibition. Many ligands have been described that modulating the lipophilicity, the luminescent
properties, the cellular uptake, the biodistribution, and the cytotoxicity, the pharmacological and toxicological
profile.
Conclusion:
Re-based anticancer drugs can also be used in targeted therapies by coupling to a variety of biologically
relevant targeting molecules. On the other hand, combination with conventional cytotoxic molecules, such
as doxorubicin, allowed to take into profit the targeting properties of Re for example toward mitochondria.
Through the example of the diseleno-Re complex, we showed that the main target could be the oxidative status,
with a down-stream regulation of signaling pathways, and further on selective cell death of cancer cells versus
normal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Collery
- Society for the Coordination of Therapeutic Researches, 20220 Algajola, France
| | - Didier Desmaele
- Institut Galien, Universite Paris-Saclay, 92296 Chatenay-Malabry, France
| | - Veena Vijaykumar
- Biotechnology Department, REVA University, Bangalore, 560064, India
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31
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Wagner V, Minguez-Menendez A, Pena J, Fernández-Prada C. Innovative Solutions for the Control of Leishmaniases: Nanoscale Drug Delivery Systems. Curr Pharm Des 2019; 25:1582-1592. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190621154552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Leishmania are sandfly-transmitted protozoan parasites that harbour within the macrophages
of a mammalian host and cause leishmaniasis, a serious zoonotic disease that threatens the lives of millions
worldwide. Its numerous forms (cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral) are currently treated with a sparse
arsenal of drugs, specifically antimonials, amphotericin B, miltefosine, and paromomycin, for which drug resistance
and clinical failure are rampant. Medicine is presently trending towards nanotechnology to aid in the successful
delivery of drugs. Vehicles such as lipid-based nanocarriers, polymer-based nanoparticles, and metal ions
and oxides have been previously demonstrated to improve bioavailability of drugs and decrease toxicity for the
patient. These cutting-edge solutions can be combined with existing active molecules, as well as novel drugs or
plant extracts with promising antileishmanial activity.
Conclusion:
This review explores the current evidence for the treatment of leishmaniases using nanoscale drug
delivery systems (specifically lipid-, polymer- and metal-based systems) and encourages further development of
the aforementioned nanotechnologies for treatment of Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Wagner
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aida Minguez-Menendez
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joan Pena
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christopher Fernández-Prada
- Departement de Pathologie et Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine Veterinaire Universite de Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada
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Paschoalin T, Martens AA, Omori ÁT, Pereira FV, Juliano L, Travassos LR, Machado-Santelli GM, Cunha RLOR. Antitumor effect of chiral organotelluranes elicited in a murine melanoma model. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:2537-2545. [PMID: 30962115 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Protease roles in cancer progression have been demonstrated and their inhibitors display antitumor effects. Cathepsins are lysosomal cysteine proteases that have increased expression in tumor cells, and tellurium compounds were described as potent cysteine protease inhibitors and also assayed in several animal models. In this work, the two enantiomeric forms of 1-[Butyl(dichloro)-λ4-tellanyl]-2-[1S-methoxyethyl]benzene (organotelluranes RF-13R and RF-13S) were evaluated as inhibitors of cathepsins B and L, showing significant enantiodiscrimination. We observed their cytotoxic effects on a murine melanoma model, effectively inhibiting tumor progression in vivo. The enantiomers were able to inhibit melanoma cell viability, migration and invasion in vitro. Besides, RF-13S and RF-13R were able to inhibit endothelial cell angiogenesis using a tube formation assay in vitro, in a stereodependent manner. These organotelluranes affected cell morphology, showing disassembling of the actin cytoskeleton. These results suggest organotelluranes as potential antitumor agents, acting directly on tumor cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and on endothelial cells, disrupting angiogenesis, showing low toxicity and high efficiency. Taken together our results suggest that this class of compounds should be further studied to reveal their potential as antitumoral agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaysa Paschoalin
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Unidade de Oncologia Experimental (UNONEX), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Adam A Martens
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Álvaro T Omori
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Felipe V Pereira
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Unidade de Oncologia Experimental (UNONEX), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Juliano
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz R Travassos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Unidade de Oncologia Experimental (UNONEX), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Glaucia M Machado-Santelli
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L O R Cunha
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil.
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33
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Priyanga S, Khamrang T, Velusamy M, Karthi S, Ashokkumar B, Mayilmurugan R. Coordination geometry-induced optical imaging of l-cysteine in cancer cells using imidazopyridine-based copper(ii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:1489-1503. [PMID: 30632585 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt04634d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Overexpression of cysteine cathepsins proteases has been documented in a wide variety of cancers, and enhances the l-cysteine concentration in tumor cells. We report the synthesis and characterization of copper(ii) complexes [Cu(L1)2(H2O)](SO3CF3)2, 1, L1 = 3-phenyl-1-(pyridin-2-yl)imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine, [Cu(L2)2(SO3CF3)]SO3CF3, 2, L2 = 3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1-pyridin-2-yl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine, [Cu(L3)2(H2O)](SO3CF3)2, 3, L3 = 3-(3,4-dimethoxy-phenyl)-1-pyridin-2-yl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridine and [Cu(L4)2(H2O)](SO3CF3)2, 4, L4 = dimethyl-[4-(1-pyridin-2-yl-imidazo[1,5-a]pyridin-3-yl)phenyl]amine as 'turn-on' optical imaging probes for l-cysteine in cancer cells. The molecular structure of complexes adopted distorted trigonal pyramidal geometry (τ, 0.68-0.87). Cu-Npy bonds (1.964-1.989 Å) were shorter than Cu-Nimi bonds (2.024-2.074 Å) for all complexes. Geometrical distortion was strongly revealed in EPR spectra, showing g‖ (2.26-2.28) and A‖ values (139-163 × 10-4 cm-1) at 70 K. The d-d transitions appeared around 680-741 and 882-932 nm in HEPES, which supported the existence of five-coordinate geometry in solution. The Cu(ii)/Cu(i) redox potential of 1 (0.221 V vs. NHE) was almost identical to that of 2 and 3 but lower than that of 4 (0.525 V vs. NHE) in HEPES buffer. The complexes were almost non-emissive in nature, but became emissive by the interaction of l-cysteine in 100% HEPES at pH 7.34 via reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i). Among the probes, probe 2 showed selective and efficient turn-on fluorescence behavior towards l-cysteine over natural amino acids with a limit of detection of 9.9 × 10-8 M and binding constant of 2.3 × 105 M-1. The selectivity of 2 may have originated from a nearly perfect trigonal plane adopted around a copper(ii) center (∼120.70°), which required minimum structural change during the reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i) while imaging Cys. The other complexes, with their distorted trigonal planes, required more reorganizational energy, which resulted in poor selectivity. Probe 2 was employed for optical imaging of l-cysteine in HeLa cells and macrophages. It exhibited brighter fluorescent images by visualizing Cys at pH 7.34 and 37 °C. It showed relatively less toxicity for these cell lines as ascertained by the MTT assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvarasu Priyanga
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India.
| | - Themmila Khamrang
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Marappan Velusamy
- Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India
| | - Sellamuthu Karthi
- School of Biotechnology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625 021, India
| | | | - Ramasamy Mayilmurugan
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, 625021, India.
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Asadi Z, Mandegani Z, Asadi M, Pakiari AH, Salarhaji M, Manassir M, Karbalaei-Heidari HR, Rastegari B, Sedaghat M. Substituted effect on some water-soluble Mn(II) salen complexes: DNA binding, cytotoxicity, molecular docking, DFT studies and theoretical IR & UV studies. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 206:278-294. [PMID: 30121473 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Based on the importance of central metal complexes to interact with DNA, in this research focused on synthesis of some new water soluble Mn(II) complexes 1-4 which modified substituted in ligand at the same position with N, Me, H, and Cl. These complexes were isolated and characterized by elemental analyses, FT-IR, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and UV-vis spectroscopy. DNA binding studies had been studied by using circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), viscosity measurements, emission spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis which proposed the metal buildings go about as effective DNA binders were studied in the presence of Fish-DNA (FS-DNA) which showed the highest binding affinity to DNA with hydrophobic and electron donating substituent. Cell toxicity assays against two human leukemia (Jurkat) and breast cancer (MCF-7) cell lines showed that the complex 3 exhibited a remarkable effects equal to a famous anticancer drug, cisplatin that high cytotoxic activity strongly depend on the hydrophobic substituted ligand. In the theoretical part, density functional theory (DFT) was performed to optimize the geometry of complexes through IR and UV spectra of the complexes that ligand substitution did not affect the geometry and theoretical IR and UV spectra showed good resemblance to the experimental data. The docking studies calculated the lowest-energy between complexes and DNA with the minor grooves mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Asadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran.
| | - Zeinab Mandegani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Mozaffar Asadi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Ali Heidar Pakiari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Maryam Salarhaji
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Mohamad Manassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Karbalaei-Heidari
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Banafsheh Rastegari
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
| | - Moslem Sedaghat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71454, Iran
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Sciortino G, Garribba E, Maréchal JD. Validation and Applications of Protein-Ligand Docking Approaches Improved for Metalloligands with Multiple Vacant Sites. Inorg Chem 2018; 58:294-306. [PMID: 30475597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Decoding the interaction between coordination compounds and proteins is of fundamental importance in biology, pharmacy, and medicine. In this context, protein- ligand docking represents a particularly interesting asset to predict how small compounds could interact with biomolecules, but to date, very little information is available to adapt these methodologies to metal-containing ligands. Here, we assessed the predictive capability of a metal-compatible parameter set for the docking program GOLD for metallo ligands with multiple vacant sites and different geometries. The study first presents a benchmark of 25 well-characterized X-ray metallo ligand-protein adducts. In 100% of the cases, the docking solutions are superimposable to the X-ray determination, and in 92% the value of the root-mean-square deviation between the experimental and calculated structures is lower than 1.5 Å. After the validation step, we applied these methods to five case studies for the prediction of the binding of pharmacological active metal species to proteins: (i) the anticancer copper(II) complex [CuII(Br)(2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde benzoyl hydrazine)(indazole)] to human serum albumin (HSA); (ii) one of the active species of antidiabetic and antitumor vanadium compounds, VIVO2+ ion, to carboxypeptidase; (iii) the antiarthritic species [AuI(PEt3)]+ to HSA; (iv) the antitumor oxaliplatin to ubiquitin; (v) the antitumor ruthenium(II) compound RAPTA-PentaOH to cathepsin B. The calculations suggested that the binding modes are in good agreement with the partial information retrieved from spectroscopic and spectrometric analysis and allowed us, in certain cases, to propose additional hypotheses. This method is an important update in protein-metallo ligand docking, which could have a wide field of application, from biology and inorganic biochemistry to medicinal chemistry and pharmacology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Sciortino
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallés , Barcelona 08193 , Spain.,Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università di Sassari , Via Vienna 2 , Sassari I-07100 , Italy
| | - Eugenio Garribba
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Farmacia , Università di Sassari , Via Vienna 2 , Sassari I-07100 , Italy
| | - Jean-Didier Maréchal
- Departament de Química , Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona , Cerdanyola del Vallés , Barcelona 08193 , Spain
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Solé M, Balcells C, Crespo M, Quirante J, Badia J, Baldomà L, Font-Bardia M, Cascante M. Synthesis, characterization and biological activity of new cyclometallated platinum(iv) complexes containing a para-tolyl ligand. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:8956-8971. [PMID: 29922789 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01124a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of three new cyclometallated platinum(ii) compounds containing a para-tolyl ligand and a tridentate [C,N,N'] (cm1) or a bidentate [C,N] ligand and an additional ligand such as SEt2 (cm2) or PPh3 (cm3) is reported. The X-ray molecular structure of platinum(ii) compound cm3 is also presented. Intermolecular oxidative addition of methyl iodide or iodine upon cm1, cm2 and cm3 produced six novel cyclometallated platinum(iv) compounds. The cytotoxic activity against a panel of human adenocarcinoma cell lines (A-549 lung, MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 breast, and HCT-116 colon), DNA interaction, topoisomerase I, IIα, and cathepsin B inhibition, and cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and ROS generation of the investigated complexes are presented. The best results for antiproliferative activity were obtained for platinum(iv) compounds cm1MeI and cm1I2 arising from oxidative addition of methyl iodide and iodine, respectively, to cm1. Cyclometallated platinum(iv) compounds cm1MeI and cm3MeI induce significant changes in the mobility of DNA and, in addition, cm1MeI, cm3MeI and cm1I2, showed considerable topoisomerase IIα inhibitory activity. Moreover, the compounds exhibiting the higher antiproliferative activity (cm1MeI and cm1I2) were found to generate ROS and to supress HCT-116 colon cancer cell growth by a mixture of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. 1H NMR experiments carried out in a buffered aqueous medium (pH 7.40) indicate that compound cm1MeI is not reduced by common biologically relevant reducing agents such as ascorbic acid, glutathione or cysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mònica Solé
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Secció de Química Inorgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028-Barcelona, Spain.
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Reig M, Bosque R, Font-Bardía M, Calvis C, Messeguer R, Baldomà L, Badía J, Velasco D, López C. A study of the properties, reactivity and anticancer activity of novel N-methylated-3-thiazolyl or 3-thienyl carbazoles and their Pd(II) and Pt(II) complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2018; 184:134-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Huisman M, Kodanko JP, Arora K, Herroon M, Alnaed M, Endicott J, Podgorski I, Kodanko JJ. Affinity-Enhanced Luminescent Re(I)- and Ru(II)-Based Inhibitors of the Cysteine Protease Cathepsin L. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:7881-7891. [PMID: 29882662 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Two new Re(I)- and Ru(II)-based inhibitors were synthesized with the formulas [Re(phen)(CO)3(1)](OTf) (7; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate) and [Ru(bpy)2(2)](Cl)2 (8; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), where 1 and 2 are the analogues of CLIK-148, an epoxysuccinyl-based cysteine cathepsin L inhibitor (CTSL). Compounds 7 and 8 were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis; 7 and 8 both show exceptionally long excited state lifetimes. Re(I)-based complex 7 inhibits CTSL in the low nanomolar range, affording a greater than 16-fold enhancement of potency relative to the free inhibitor 1 with a second-order rate constant of 211000 ± 42000 M-1 s-1. Irreversible ligation of 7 to papain, a model of CTSL, was analyzed with mass spectroscopy, and the major peak shown at 24283 au corresponds to that of papain-1-Re(CO)3(phen). Compound 7 was well tolerated by DU-145 prostate cancer cells, with toxicity evident only at high concentrations. Treatment of DU-145 cells with 7 followed by imaging via confocal microscopy showed substantial intracellular fluorescence that can be blocked by the known CTSL inhibitor CLIK-148, consistent with the ability of 7 to label CTSL in living cells. Overall this study reveals that a Re(I) complex can be attached to an enzyme inhibitor and enhance potency and selectivity for a medicinally important target, while at the same time allowing new avenues for tracking and quantification due to long excited state lifetimes and non-native element composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Huisman
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Jacob P Kodanko
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Karan Arora
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Mackenzie Herroon
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48201 , United States
| | - Marim Alnaed
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - John Endicott
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States
| | - Izabela Podgorski
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine , Wayne State University , Detroit , Michigan 48201 , United States.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute , Detroit , Michigan 48201 , United States
| | - Jeremy J Kodanko
- Department of Chemistry , Wayne State University , 5101 Cass Avenue , Detroit , Michigan 48202 , United States.,Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute , Detroit , Michigan 48201 , United States
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Organometallic compounds in the discovery of new agents against kinetoplastid-caused diseases. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:459-482. [PMID: 29908440 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development of safe and affordable antiparasitic agents effective against neglected tropical diseases is a big challenge of the drug discovery. The drugs currently employed have limitations such as poor efficacy, drug resistance or side effects. Thus, the search for new promising drugs is more and more crucial. Metal complexes and, in particular, organometallic compounds may expand the list of the drug candidates due to the peculiar attributes that the presence of the metal core add to the organic fragment (e.g., redox and structural features, ability to interact with DNA or protein targets, etc.). To date, most organometallic compounds tested as anti-neglected tropical diseases are based on similarities or activity of the organic ligands against other diseases or parasites and/or consist in modification of existing drugs combining the features of the metal moiety and the organic ligands. This review focuses on recent studies (2012-2017) on organometallic compounds in treating kinetoplastid-caused diseases such as Human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease and leishmaniasis. This field of research, however, still lacks exhaustive studies to identify of parasitic targets and quantitative structure-activity relationships for a rational drug design.
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Clemente M, Polat IH, Albert J, Bosque R, Crespo M, Granell J, López C, Martínez M, Quirante J, Messeguer R, Calvis C, Badía J, Baldomà L, Font-Bardia M, Cascante M. Platinacycles Containing a Primary Amine Platinum(II) Compounds for Treating Cisplatin-Resistant Cancers by Oxidant Therapy. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ibrahim Halil Polat
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ramon Messeguer
- Biomed Division LEITAT Technological Center, Parc Científic, Edifici Hèlix, Baldiri Reixach, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carme Calvis
- Biomed Division LEITAT Technological Center, Parc Científic, Edifici Hèlix, Baldiri Reixach, 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefa Badía
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Baldomà
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat de Difracció de RX, Centres Científics i Tecnològics de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Solé i Sabarís 1-3. 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Cascante
- Institut de Biomedicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBEREHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28020 Madrid, Spain
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Saha P, Naskar JP, Majumder S, Saha B, Ganguly R, Bhattacharya A, Chowdhury S. Experimental and computational studies on a new mixed ligand oxido
-rhenium(V) compound. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pinki Saha
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Tripura India
| | - Jnan Prakash Naskar
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section; Jadavpur University; Kolkata India
| | - Smita Majumder
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Tripura India
| | - Baptu Saha
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Tripura India
| | - Rakesh Ganguly
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry; Nanyang Technological University; Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Shubhamoy Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry; Tripura University; Tripura India
- Department of Chemistry; University of GourBanga; Malda India
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43
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Design of prospective antiparasitic metal-based compounds including selected organometallic cores. Inorganica Chim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2017.07.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Fandzloch M, Arriaga JMM, Sánchez-Moreno M, Wojtczak A, Jezierska J, Sitkowski J, Wiśniewska J, Salas JM, Łakomska I. Strategies for overcoming tropical disease by ruthenium complexes with purine analog: Application against Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma cruzi. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 176:144-155. [PMID: 28910663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Tropical diseases currently constitute a major health problem and thus a challenge in the field of drug discovery. The current treatments show serious disadvantages due to cost, toxicity, long therapy duration and resistance, and the use of metal complexes as chemotherapeutic agents against these ailments appears to be a very attractive alternative. Herein, we describe three newly synthesized ruthenium complexes with a bioactive molecule, the purine analogue 5,6,7-trimethyl-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (tmtp): cis,fac-[RuCl2(dmso)3(tmtp)] (1), mer-[RuCl3(dmso)(H2O)(tmtp)]·2H2O (2) and fac,cis-[RuCl3(H2O)(tmtp)2] (3). Their structures were characterized using X-ray and spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR or EPR). The stability of the synthesized complexes 1-3 in various buffered solutions (pH=3-7.4) was monitored using conventional and stopped-flow techniques. The in vitro antiproliferative activity of all ruthenium complexes against promastigote forms of Leishmania spp. (L. infantum, L. braziliensis, and L. donovani) and epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi was investigated. Notably, the results showed that the activity of 1 against L. brasiliensis was more than three-fold higher than that of glucantime, and 1 showed no appreciable toxicity towards J774.2 macrophages. Additionally, 2 displayed even 141-fold lower toxicity against host cells than glucantime, demonstrating significantly higher selectivity than the reference drug. Therefore, 1 and 2 appear to be excellent candidates for further development as potential drugs for the effective treatment of leishmaniasis and Chagas disease. All novel complexes were also shown to be potent inhibitors of Fe-SOD in the studied species, while their effects on human CuZn-SOD were very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzena Fandzloch
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
| | | | - Manuel Sánchez-Moreno
- Department of Parasitology, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Andrzej Wojtczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Julia Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Jerzy Sitkowski
- National Medicines Institute, Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warszawa, Poland; Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Joanna Wiśniewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Juan Manuel Salas
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Granada, Severo Ochoa s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Iwona Łakomska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland.
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Endo and exo cyclopalladated ( E )- N -([1,1'-biphenyl]-2-yl)-1-mesitylmethanimines: Anticancer, antibacterial and antioxidant activities. J Organomet Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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46
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Synthesis, protease inhibition, and antileishmanial activity of new benzoxazoles derived from acetophenone or benzophenone and synthetic precursors. Med Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-017-1824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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47
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Maheshwaran D, Nagendraraj T, Manimaran P, Ashokkumar B, Kumar M, Mayilmurugan R. A Highly Selective and Efficient Copper(II) - “Turn-On” Fluorescence Imaging Probe forl-Cysteine. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201601229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Duraiyarasu Maheshwaran
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; 625021 Madurai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Thavasilingam Nagendraraj
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; 625021 Madurai Tamil Nadu India
| | - Paramasivam Manimaran
- School of Biotechnology; Madurai Kamaraj University; 625021 Madurai Tamil Nadu India
| | | | - Mukesh Kumar
- Solid State Physics Division; Physics Group; Bhabha Atomic Research Center; Mumbai Maharashtra India
| | - Ramasamy Mayilmurugan
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Madurai Kamaraj University; 625021 Madurai Tamil Nadu India
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Halder A, Das S, Bera T, Mukherjee A. Rapid synthesis for monodispersed gold nanoparticles in kaempferol and anti-leishmanial efficacy against wild and drug resistant strains. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28632a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthesis of monodispersed gold nanoparticles using kaempferol and antileishmanial activity with high macrophage uptake capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asim Halder
- Department of Chemical Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700 009
- India
| | - Suvadra Das
- Department of Chemical Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700 009
- India
| | - Tanmoy Bera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata-700 032
- India
| | - Arup Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700 009
- India
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49
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Maheshwaran D, Priyanga S, Mayilmurugan R. Copper(ii)-benzimidazole complexes as efficient fluorescent probes forl-cysteine in water. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:11408-11417. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01895a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Copper(ii)-benzimidazole complexes could detectl-cysteine over other natural amino acids at pH 7.34 by a ‘turn-on’ fluorescence mechanismviathe reduction of Cu(ii) to Cu(i) followed by displacement with excellent selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duraiyarasu Maheshwaran
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai 625 021
- India
| | - Selvarasu Priyanga
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai 625 021
- India
| | - Ramasamy Mayilmurugan
- Bioinorganic Chemistry Laboratory/Physical Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Madurai Kamaraj University
- Madurai 625 021
- India
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Yang P, Li ZY, Li HQ. Potential Roles of Protease Inhibitors in Cancer Progression. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 16:8047-52. [PMID: 26745037 DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.18.8047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Proteases are important molecules that are involved in many key physiological processes. Protease signaling pathways are strictly controlled, and disorders in protease activity can result in pathological changes such as cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases, cancer and neurological disorders. Many proteases have been associated with increasing tumor metastasis in various human cancers, suggesting important functional roles in the metastatic process because of their ability to degrade the extracellular matrix barrier. Proteases are also capable of cleaving non-extracellular matrix molecules. Inhibitors of proteases to some extent can reduce invasion and metastasis of cancer cells, and slow down cancer progression. In this review, we focus on the role of a few proteases and their inhibitors in tumors as a basis for cancer prognostication and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yang
- Institute of Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of National Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China E-mail :
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