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Szyling J, Walkowiak J, Czapik A, Franczyk A. Synthesis of unsymmetrically and symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via subsequent hydrosilylation of C≡C bonds. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10244. [PMID: 37353562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37375-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A selective synthesis of unsymmetrically functionalized disiloxanes via the subsequent hydrosilylation of internal alkynes in the first step, and alkynes (terminal or internal) or 1,3-diynes in the second, with 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane (1) is presented for the first time. Using developed approaches performed in a stepwise or one-pot manner a new family of disubstituted disiloxanes was obtained which had previously been inaccessible by other synthetic methods. Moreover, symmetrically functionalized disiloxanes were obtained by direct hydrosilylation of 2 equivalents of terminal or internal alkynes with 1, showing the unique versatility of the hydrosilylation process. Three examples of symmetric disiloxanes were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction for the first time. As a result, a wide group of new compounds which can find potential applications as building blocks or coupling agents was obtained and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Szyling
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Czapik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Adrian Franczyk
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland.
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2
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Govindarajan R, Ahmed J, Swain AK, Mandal SK. Transition-Metal-Free Catalytic Carboalkoxylation of Styrenes at Room Temperature. J Org Chem 2019; 84:13490-13502. [PMID: 31533421 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the first transition-metal-free catalytic carboalkoxylation of styrenes with aryl diazonium salts by Meerwein addition in the presence of a phenalenyl ligand at room temperature without requiring any light stimulation. This three-component reaction allows facile difunctionalization of styrene derivatives with various alcohols (such as 1, 2, and 3°) as the source of alkoxy group during this transformation. The key intermediates and the transition states involved in this reaction path were unraveled by a series of control experiments coupled with density functional theory calculations. The full mechanistic investigation provides an understanding of the selectivity toward carboalkoxylation (Meerwein arylation addition elimination) in the presence of various alcohols over the simple arylation to multiple bond (Meerwein arylation-elimination) reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Govindarajan
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Jasimuddin Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Asim Kumar Swain
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
| | - Swadhin K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Indian Institute of Science Education and Research-Kolkata , Mohanpur 741246 , India
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3
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Twigg DG, Baldassarre L, Frye EC, Galloway WRJD, Spring DR. Bioinspired Total Synthesis of Bussealin E. Org Lett 2018; 20:1597-1599. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David G. Twigg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Leonardo Baldassarre
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | - Elizabeth C. Frye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
| | | | - David R. Spring
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K
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Patel HA, Patel AL, Bedekar AV. Polyaniline-anchored palladium catalyst-mediated Mizoroki-Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura reactions and one-pot Wittig-Heck and Wittig-Suzuki reactions. Appl Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.3234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heta A. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; M. S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 India
| | - Arun L. Patel
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; M. S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 India
| | - Ashutosh V. Bedekar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science; M. S. University of Baroda; Vadodara 390 002 India
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Oxidative homocoupling of terminal alkynes under palladium-, ligand- and base-free conditions using Cu(II)-clay as a heterogeneous catalyst. CR CHIM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2013.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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6
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Gordillo A, Ortuño MA, López-Mardomingo C, Lledós A, Ujaque G, de Jesús E. Mechanistic studies on the Pd-catalyzed vinylation of aryl halides with vinylalkoxysilanes in water: the effect of the solvent and NaOH promoter. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:13749-63. [PMID: 23968504 DOI: 10.1021/ja404255u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism of the Pd-catalyzed vinylation of aryl halides with vinylalkoxysilanes in water has been studied using different catalytic precursors. The NaOH promoter converts the initial vinylalkoxysilane into a highly reactive water-soluble vinylsilanolate species. Similarly, deuterium-labeling experiments have shown that, irrespective of the catalytic precursor used, vinylation occurs exclusively at the CH vinylic functionality via a Heck reaction and not at the C-Si bond via a Hiyama cross-coupling. The involvement of a Heck mechanism is interpreted in terms of the reduced nucleophilicity of the base in water, which disfavors the transmetalation step. The Heck product (β-silylvinylarene) undergoes partial desilylation, with formation of a vinylarene, by three different routes: (a) hydrolytic desilylation by the aqueous solvent (only at high temperature); (b) transmetalation of the silyl olefin on the PdH Heck intermediate followed by reductive elimination of vinylarene; (c) reinsertion of the silyl olefin into the PdH bond of the Heck intermediate followed by β-Si syn-elimination. Both the Hiyama and Heck catalytic cycles and desilylation mechanisms b and c have been computationally evaluated for the [Pd(en)Cl2] precursor in water as solvent. The calculated Gibbs energy barriers support the reinsertion route proposed on the basis of the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Gordillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Alcalá , Edificio de Farmacia, Campus Universitario, E28871 Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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7
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Faye D, Vybornyi M, Boeda F, Legoupy S. Solvent free hydrostannation and Stille reactions using ionic liquid supported organotin reagents. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kurihara Y, Yamanoi Y, Nishihara H. Pd-catalyzed synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical siloxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:11275-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc46294c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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9
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Frye EC, O'Connor CJ, Twigg DG, Elbert B, Laraia L, Hulcoop DG, Venkitaraman AR, Spring DR. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of vinyldisiloxanes with benzylic and allylic halides and sulfonates. Chemistry 2012; 18:8774-9. [PMID: 22678946 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201200431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Hiyama cross-coupling reaction is a powerful method for carbon-carbon bond formation. To date, the substrate scope of this reaction has predominantly been limited to sp(2)-sp(2) coupling reactions. Herein, the palladium-catalysed Hiyama type cross-coupling of vinyldisiloxanes with benzylic and allylic bromides, chlorides, tosylates and mesylates is reported. A wide variety of functional groups were tolerated, and the synthetic utility of the methodology was exemplified through the efficient total synthesis of the cytotoxic natural product bussealin A. In addition, the antiproliferative ability of bussealin A was evaluated in two cancer-cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth C Frye
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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Csapó Á, Bodor A, Rábai J. Hiyama coupling reaction of fluorous alkenyl-fluorosilanes: Scope and mechanistic considerations. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Matsumoto K, Shindo M. Palladium-Catalyzed Fluoride-Free Cross-Coupling of Intramolecularly Activated Alkenylsilanes and Alkenylgermanes: Synthesis of Tamoxifen as a Synthetic Application. Adv Synth Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sore HF, Galloway WRJD, Spring DR. Palladium-catalysed cross-coupling of organosilicon reagents. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:1845-66. [PMID: 22048071 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15181a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The palladium catalysed cross-coupling of organosilicon reagents with organo halides and pseudo-halides has developed over the past 30 years into an efficient and attractive carbon-carbon bond forming strategy. Extensive research within this field to expand and diversify on the scope of the organosilicon coupling reaction will continue to promote its use in the synthesis of biologically and pharmaceutically important organic molecules. The recent advances made within this area are explored in this critical review (199 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah F Sore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
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Boehner CM, Frye EC, O'Connell KMG, Galloway WRJD, Sore HF, Dominguez PG, Norton D, Hulcoop DG, Owen M, Turner G, Crawford C, Horsley H, Spring DR. Aryl-Aryl Bond Formation by the Fluoride-Free Cross-Coupling of Aryldisiloxanes with Aryl Bromides. Chemistry 2011; 17:13230-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Lim DSW, Anderson EA. One-step preparation of functionalized (E)-vinylsilanes from aldehydes. Org Lett 2011; 13:4806-9. [PMID: 21838273 DOI: 10.1021/ol201833u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Functionalized (E)-vinylsilanes have been prepared in one step from a wide range of aldehydes, via a chromium(II)-mediated olefination with novel dihalomethylsilane reagents, in moderate to excellent yields and with excellent stereoselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diane S W Lim
- Chemical Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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Lykakis IN, Psyllaki A, Stratakis M. Oxidative Cycloaddition of 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane to Alkynes Catalyzed by Supported Gold Nanoparticles. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:10426-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ja2045502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis N. Lykakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes 71003 Iraklion, Greece
| | - Androniki Psyllaki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes 71003 Iraklion, Greece
| | - Manolis Stratakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Voutes 71003 Iraklion, Greece
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