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Pal A, Oyane A, Inose T, Nakamura M, Nishida E, Miyaji H. Fabrication of Ciprofloxacin-Immobilized Calcium Phosphate Particles for Dental Drug Delivery. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2035. [PMID: 38730839 PMCID: PMC11084973 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate (CaP) particles immobilizing antibacterial agents have the potential to be used as dental disinfectants. In this study, we fabricated CaP particles with immobilized ciprofloxacin (CF), a commonly prescribed antibacterial agent, via a coprecipitation process using a supersaturated CaP solution. As the aging time in the coprecipitation process increased from 2 to 24 h, the CaP phase in the resulting particles transformed from amorphous to low-crystalline hydroxyapatite, and their Ca/P elemental ratio, yield, and CF content increased. Despite the higher CF content, the particles aged for 24 h displayed a slower release of CF in a physiological salt solution, most likely owing to their crystallized matrix (less soluble hydroxyapatite), than those aged for 2 h, whose matrix was amorphous CaP. Both particles exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm activities along with an acid-neutralizing effect against the major oral bacteria, Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Actinomyces naeslundii, in a dose-dependent manner, although their dose-response relationship was slightly different. The aging time in the coprecipitation process was identified as a governing factor affecting the physicochemical properties of the resulting CF-immobilized CaP particles and their functionality as a dental disinfectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Pal
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (T.I.); (M.N.)
| | - Ayako Oyane
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (T.I.); (M.N.)
| | - Tomoya Inose
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (T.I.); (M.N.)
| | - Maki Nakamura
- Nanomaterials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST Tsukuba Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8565, Japan; (A.P.); (T.I.); (M.N.)
| | - Erika Nishida
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (E.N.); (H.M.)
| | - Hirofumi Miyaji
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, N13 W7 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan; (E.N.); (H.M.)
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Suriyaamporn P, Sahatsapan N, Patrojanasophon P, Opanasopit P, Kumpugdee-Vollrath M, Ngawhirunpat T. Optimization of In Situ Gel-Forming Chlorhexidine-Encapsulated Polymeric Nanoparticles Using Design of Experiment for Periodontitis. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:161. [PMID: 37505346 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02600-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gums caused by pathogenic microorganisms damaging and destroying periodontal tissues. Chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) is a commonly used antimicrobial agent for the treatment of periodontitis. However, it has many drawbacks, such as toxicity due to the high dosage required, low prolonged release, and low adhesion in the periodontal pocket. The objective of this study was to develop and optimize CHX-encapsulated polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) loaded into in situ gel-forming (ISGF) using design of experiment (DoE) to improve the treatment of periodontitis and overcome these limitations. CHX-NPs were optimized from 0.046%w/v chitosan, 0.05%w/w gelatin, and 0.25%w/w CHX. After that, the optimized of CHX-NPs was loaded into a thermosensitive ISGF, which was a mixture of 15%w/v Poloxamer 407 and 1% hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC). The optimized CHX-NPs, loaded into ISGF, was evaluated by measuring gelling temperature and time, pH, viscosity, compatibility, in vitro drug release, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity, and stability. The results showed that the size, PDI, and zeta potential of optimized CHX-NPs were 53.07±10.17 nm, 0.36±0.02, and 27.63±4.16 mV, respectively. Moreover, the optimized ISGF loading CHX-NPs showed a gelling temperature at 34.3±1.2°C within 120.00±17.32 s with a pH value of 4.06. The viscosity of the formulations at 4°C was 54.33±0.99 cP. The DSC and FTIR showed no interaction between ingredients. The optimal formulations showed a prolonged release of up to 7 days while providing potential antibacterial activity and were safe for normal gingival fibroblast cells. Moreover, the formulations had high stability at 4°C and 25°C for 3 months. In conclusion, the study achieved the successful development of ISGF loading CHX-NPs formulations for effectiveness use in periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuvamin Suriyaamporn
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Nitjawan Sahatsapan
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Prasopchai Patrojanasophon
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand
| | - Mont Kumpugdee-Vollrath
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences (BHT), Luxemburger Street 10, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Pharmaceutical Development of Green Innovations Group (PDGIG), Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom, 73000, Thailand.
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Li XY, Lin XJ, Zhong BJ, Yu H. Effects of the application timing of anti-erosive agents on dentin erosion. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 136:105512. [PMID: 36274553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effects of the application timing of anti-erosive agents on dentin erosion. Eighty dentin specimens with dimensions of 2 × 2 × 2 mm were prepared and randomly divided into 4 groups based on the treatment solutions: 1.23 × 104 μg/ml sodium fluoride (NaF), 120 μg/ml chlorhexidine (CHX), 300 μg/ml quercetin (QUE), and deionized water (DW, negative control). The specimens in each group were further divided into 2 subgroups according to the application timing of the treatment solutions (n = 10): before the erosive challenges (PRE) and after the erosive challenges (POST). All specimens were submitted to 4 daily erosive challenges for 5 d. For each erosive challenge, the specimens in the subgroup PRE were treated with the respective solutions for 2 min and then immersed in cola drinks for 5 min, while the specimens in the subgroup POST were immersed in cola drinks for 5 min followed by treatment with the respective solutions for 2 min. The erosive dentin loss (EDL) was measured using a contact profilometer, and the surface morphology of the dentin specimens was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy at the end of the experiment. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Bonferroni's test (α = 0.05). Significantly less EDL was observed in the groups NaF, CHX, and QUE than in the group DW (all P < 0.001). Significantly lower EDL was observed in the groups CHX and QUE than in the group NaF (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively). For CHX, subgroup POST exhibited significantly less EDL than subgroup PRE (P < 0.001). Regarding QUE, subgroup PRE showed significantly less EDL than subgroup POST (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a relatively greater number of obliterated dentinal tubules was visible in the subgroup POST rather than in the subgroup PRE of the group CHX, while in the group QUE, narrower dentinal tubules were observed in the subgroup PRE than those in subgroup POST. In conclusion, CHX and QUE showed the best performance in controlling dentin erosion. CHX was more effective in reducing EDL when applied after erosive challenges, whereas QUE worked more effectively when used before erosive attacks. The application timing should be considered when evaluating the effects of anti-erosive agents because it may determine their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yu Li
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Xiu-Jiao Lin
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Bing-Jie Zhong
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, China
| | - Hao Yu
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterial & Stomatological Key Laboratory of Fujian College and University, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, China; Department of Prosthodontics & Research Center of Dental Esthetics and Biomechanics, Fujian Medical University, China.
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Nanomaterials in Dentistry: Current Applications and Future Scope. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12101676. [PMID: 35630898 PMCID: PMC9144694 DOI: 10.3390/nano12101676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology utilizes the mechanics to control the size and morphology of the particles in the required nano range for accomplishing the intended purposes. There was a time when it was predominantly applied only to the fields of matter physics or chemical engineering, but with time, biological scientists recognized its vast benefits and explored the advantages in their respective fields. This extension of nanotechnology in the field of dentistry is termed ‘Nanodentistry.’ It is revolutionizing every aspect of dentistry. It consists of therapeutic and diagnostic tools and supportive aids to maintain oral hygiene with the help of nanomaterials. Research in nanodentistry is evolving holistically but slowly with the advanced finding of symbiotic use of novel polymers, natural polymers, metals, minerals, and drugs. These materials, in association with nanotechnology, further assist in exploring the usage of nano dental adducts in prosthodontic, regeneration, orthodontic, etc. Moreover, drug release cargo abilities of the nano dental adduct provide an extra edge to dentistry over their conventional counterparts. Nano dentistry has expanded to every single branch of dentistry. In the present review, we will present a holistic view of the recent advances in the field of nanodentistry. The later part of the review compiled the ethical and regulatory challenges in the commercialization of the nanodentistry. This review tracks the advancement in nano dentistry in different but important domains of dentistry.
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Bioadhesive Nanoparticles for Local Drug Delivery. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042370. [PMID: 35216484 PMCID: PMC8874699 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Local drug delivery is an effective strategy for achieving direct and instant therapeutic effects. Current clinical treatments have fallen short and are limited by traditional technologies. Bioadhesive nanoparticles (NPs), however, may be a promising carrier for optimized local drug delivery, offering prolonged drug retention time and steadily maintained therapeutic concentrations. In addition, the possibility of clinical applications of this platform are abundant, as most polymers used for bioadhesion are both biodegradable and biocompatible. This review highlights the major advances in the investigations of polymer-based bioadhesive nanoparticles and their innumerable applications in local drug delivery.
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Soltani S, Akhbari K. Cu-BTC metal-organic framework as a biocompatible nanoporous carrier for chlorhexidine antibacterial agent. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 27:81-87. [PMID: 34716792 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial materials are an essential part of modern life and many efforts have been made to find a new and effective type of them. In this study, chlorhexidine (CHX) was loaded on Cu-BTC metal-organic framework (MOF), that both of them are known to have antibacterial properties. The antibacterial properties of Cu-BTC, CHX and CHX@Cu-BTC were investigated against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Agar well-diffusion method and MIC test showed that CHX@Cu-BTC has high antibacterial activity. Characterization methods, such as FT-IR, XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, TGA, SEM, EDX, TEM and zeta potential, were employed to characterize their structures. Cu-BTC MOF nanoparticles were synthesized and used as nanoporous carriers for chlorhexidine. The loading was about 10%, which was absorbed into the pores. Antibacterial activity was investigated against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria by Agar well diffusion method and MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) assay. The CHX@Cu-BTC had synergistic antibacterial activity of Cu-BTC and chlorhexidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Soltani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Akhbari
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Polysaccharide-Based Micro- and Nanosized Drug Delivery Systems for Potential Application in the Pediatric Dentistry. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13193342. [PMID: 34641160 PMCID: PMC8512615 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The intensive development of micro- and nanotechnologies in recent years has offered a wide horizon of new possibilities for drug delivery in dentistry. The use of polymeric drug carriers turned out to be a very successful technique for formulating micro- and nanoparticles with controlled or targeted drug release in the oral cavity. Such innovative strategies have the potential to provide an improved therapeutic approach to prevention and treatment of various oral diseases not only for adults, but also in the pediatric dental practice. Due to their biocompatibility, biotolerance and biodegradability, naturally occurring polysaccharides like chitosan, alginate, pectin, dextran, starch, etc., are among the most preferred materials for preparation of micro- and nano-devices for drug delivery, offering simple particle-forming characteristics and easily tunable properties of the formulated structures. Their low immunogenicity and low toxicity provide an advantage over most synthetic polymers for the development of pediatric formulations. This review is focused on micro- and nanoscale polysaccharide biomaterials as dental drug carriers, with an emphasis on their potential application in pediatric dentistry.
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Tarawneh O, Hamadneh I, Huwaitat R, Al-Assi AR, El Madani A. Characterization of Chlorhexidine-Impregnated Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Films Intended for the Treatment of Periodontitis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9853977. [PMID: 34568496 PMCID: PMC8457944 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9853977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis comprises a chronic inflammation that is initiated by microbiota biofilm. If left untreated, periodontitis may lead to permanent tooth loss. Herein, we propose to design and improve a localized form of therapy comprising a chlorhexidine-impregnated hydrogel. Hydrogel films were prepared by varying the ratio between cellulose (MCC) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC) using the crosslinker epichlorohydrin (ECH). The hydrogel was loaded with chlorhexidine. Increasing the CMC ratio led to a reduction in the number of pores, an increase in their size, lower glass transition temperature (T g ), decreased Young's modulus, and increased film stretching and affected the time of release. Bacterial and fungal zones of inhibition showed similar activity and were not affected by the CMC and MCC ratio. Hydrogels loaded with chlorhexidine prevented the growth of S. oralis and C. albicans microorganisms and may provide a promising local delivery system for treating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Tarawneh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Imad Hamadneh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, The University of Jordan, 11942 Amman, Jordan
| | - Rawan Huwaitat
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Ameen Rasheed Al-Assi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - Abdulla El Madani
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, P.O. Box 130, Amman 11733, Jordan
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Al-Obaidy SSM, Greenway GM, Paunov VN. Enhanced Antimicrobial Action of Chlorhexidine Loaded in Shellac Nanoparticles with Cationic Surface Functionality. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1389. [PMID: 34575466 PMCID: PMC8470920 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on an active nanocarrier for chlorhexidine (CHX) based on sterically stabilized shellac nanoparticles (NPs) with dual surface functionalization, which greatly enhances the antimicrobial action of CHX. The fabrication process for the CHX nanocarrier is based on pH-induced co-precipitation of CHX-DG from an aqueous solution of ammonium shellac and Poloxamer 407 (P407), which serves as a steric stabilizing agent. This is followed by further surface modification with octadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (ODTAB) through a solvent change to yield cationic surface functionality. In this study, we assessed the encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics of the novel nanocarrier for CHX. We further examined the antimicrobial effects of the CHX nanocarriers and their individual components in order to gain better insight into how they work, to improve their design and to explore the impacts of their dual functionalization. The antimicrobial actions of CHX loaded in shellac NPs were examined on three different proxy microorganisms: a Gram-negative bacterium (E. coli), a yeast (S. cerevisiae) and a microalgae (C. reinhardtii). The antimicrobial actions of free CHX and CHX-loaded shellac NPs were compared over the same CHX concentration range. We found that the non-coated shellac NPs loaded with CHX showed inferior action compared with free CHX due to their negative surface charge; however, the ODTAB-coated, CHX-loaded shellac NPs strongly amplified the antimicrobial action of the CHX for the tested microorganisms. The enhancement of the CHX antimicrobial action was thought to be due to the increased electrostatic adhesion between the cationic surface of the ODTAB-coated, CHX-loaded shellac NPs and the anionic surface of the cell walls of the microorganisms, ensuring direct delivery of CHX with a high concentration locally on the cell membrane. The novel CHX nanocarriers with enhanced antimicrobial action may potentially find applications in dentistry for the development of more efficient formulations against conditions such as gingivitis, periodontitis and other oral infections, as well as enabling formulations to have lower CHX concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba S. M. Al-Obaidy
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK; (S.S.M.A.-O.); (G.M.G.)
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Babylon, Hilla 51001, Iraq
| | - Gillian M. Greenway
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, UK; (S.S.M.A.-O.); (G.M.G.)
| | - Vesselin N. Paunov
- Department of Chemistry, Nazarbayev University, Kabanbay Batyr Ave. 53, Nursultan 010000, Kazakhstan
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Patra M, Banik M, Bandopadhyay P, Dutta D, Mukherjee R, Das S, Begum NA, Basu T. Nanonization of a chemically synthesized flavone HMDF (3-hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavone) by entrapping within calcium phosphate nanoparticles and exploring its antioxidant role on neural cells in vitroand zebrafish in vivo. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:235101. [PMID: 33724928 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/abe66f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chemical synthesis of 3-hydroxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavone (HMDF) was reported to generate a modified flavone of potent antioxidant activity with significant neuropharmacological properties. In this study, HMDF was nanonized by entrapping within calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CPNPs). HMDF-CPNPs were of (i) size 25 nm, (ii) zeta potential (-) [22 ± 3] mV and (iii) entrapment efficiency 67%. HMDF-CPNPs, but not HMDF alone, inhibited thein vitroactivity of acetylcholinesterase enzymes to break down the major neurotransmitter compound acetylcholine. Moreover, nanonized HMDF had more antioxidant activity than bulk HMDF, as observed from its ability to protect mouse neural (N2A) cells from oxidative damage caused by H2O2exposure at the levels of cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell cycle stages, nuclear integrity and neural connectivity. Anin vivostudy on zebrafish larvae (Denio rerio) also demonstrated that H2O2-mediated larval death was checked by HMDF-CPNP treatment. These results, therefore, suggest that HMDF-CPNPs may be developed as a potential antioxidant, particularly as a neuroprotectant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Patra
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Milon Banik
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Pathikrit Bandopadhyay
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreeparna Das
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (Central University), Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Naznin Ara Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Visva-Bharati (Central University), Santiniketan 731 235, India
| | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741 235, West Bengal, India
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11
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Vasiliu S, Racovita S, Gugoasa IA, Lungan MA, Popa M, Desbrieres J. The Benefits of Smart Nanoparticles in Dental Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2585. [PMID: 33806682 PMCID: PMC7961614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dentistry, as a branch of medicine, has undergone continuous evolution over time. The scientific world has focused its attention on the development of new methods and materials with improved properties that meet the needs of patients. For this purpose, the replacement of so-called "passive" dental materials that do not interact with the oral environment with "smart/intelligent" materials that have the capability to change their shape, color, or size in response to an externally stimulus, such as the temperature, pH, light, moisture, stress, electric or magnetic fields, and chemical compounds, has received much attention in recent years. A strong trend in dental applications is to apply nanotechnology and smart nanomaterials such as nanoclays, nanofibers, nanocomposites, nanobubbles, nanocapsules, solid-lipid nanoparticles, nanospheres, metallic nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanocrystals. Among the nanomaterials, the smart nanoparticles present several advantages compared to other materials, creating the possibility to use them in various dental applications, including preventive dentistry, endodontics, restoration, and periodontal diseases. This review is focused on the recent developments and dental applications (drug delivery systems and restoration materials) of smart nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vasiliu
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Stefania Racovita
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, No. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ionela Aurica Gugoasa
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, No. 73, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (I.A.G.); (M.P.)
| | | | - Marcel Popa
- Department of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Protection, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University of Iasi, Prof. Dr. Docent Dimitrie Mangeron Street, No. 73, 700050 Iasi, Romania; (I.A.G.); (M.P.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Splaiul Independentei Street No. 54, 050085 Bucuresti, Romania
| | - Jacques Desbrieres
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Materiaux (IPREM), Pau and Pays de l’Adour University (UPPA), UMR CNRS 5254, Helioparc Pau Pyrenees, 2, av. President Angot, 64053 Pau CEDEX 09, France
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12
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Feura ES, Yang L, Schoenfisch MH. Antibacterial activity of nitric oxide-releasing carboxymethylcellulose against periodontal pathogens. J Biomed Mater Res A 2020; 109:713-721. [PMID: 32654391 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of periodontal disease poses a significant global health burden. Treatments for these diseases, primarily focused on removal and eradication of dental plaque biofilms, are challenging due to limited access to periodontal pockets where these oral pathogens reside. Herein, we report on the development and characterization of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) derivatives and evaluate their in vitro bactericidal efficacy against planktonic Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, two prominent periodontopathogens. Bactericidal exposure assays revealed that three of the synthesized NO-releasing polymers were capable of reducing bacterial viability of both species by 99.9% in 2 hr at concentrations of 4 mg ml-1 or lower, reflecting NO's potent and rapid bactericidal action. The NO-releasing CMCs elicited minimal toxicity to human gingival fibroblasts at their bactericidal concentrations following 24-hr exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan S Feura
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Mark H Schoenfisch
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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13
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Xu X, Wang N, Wu M, Wang J, Wang D, Chen Z, Xie J, Ding C, Li J. Programmed antibacterial and mineralization therapy for dental caries based on zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite/ alendronate-grafted polyacrylic acid hybrid material. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 194:111206. [PMID: 32585534 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The domination of cariogenic bacteria in dental plaque biofilms is the primary cause of dental caries. In view of this, for the purpose of an effective treatment of dental caries, it is of great importance to inhibit the activity of acidogenic bacteria and promote the remineralization of damaged teeth simultaneously. However, the expensive antibacterial agents and poor mineralization ability of materials limit the practical applications. Biomineralization regulated by non-collagenous proteins (NCPs) gives hints to combine the remineralization ability of NCPs with accessible antibacterial property effectively. In this work, we propose a programmed antibacterial and remineralization strategy for the therapy of dental caries based on zinc-substituted hydroxyapatite/ alendronate-grafted polyacrylic acid hybrid nanoneedles (ZHA@ALN-PAA). This hybrid material dissolves in the acidic caries environment and regulate the pH to nearly neutral (6.5). Abundant calcium/ phosphate ions are supplemented and the ALN-PAA embedded in it has also been released, which assists the biomineralization on tooth defect. It has been revealed that the inhibition ratio of ZHA@ALN-PAA against Streptococcus mutans is the highest (11.25 folds that of HA), which originates from the highest zinc ions released (132.9 mg/L). Besides, the interspace of etched enamel is fully filled with regenerated nanorods and the surface microhardness (SMH) is significantly improved (3.68 folds that of etched enamel) after only 3 days of mineralization in vitro. This strategy developed here is simple and cost-effective, which can be referred to design the effective anti-caries materials applied for clinic treatment and daily oral care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingzhen Wu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dingqian Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhuoxin Chen
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Xie
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunmei Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jianshu Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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14
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Viswanathan K, Bharathi BD, Karuppannan C, Sanjeevi T, Nithiyanantham M, Arul Kumar K, Murugaiyan LMP, Gopal D, Muthusamy R. Studies on antimicrobial and wound healing applications of gauze coated with CHX-Ag hybrid NPs. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:14-18. [PMID: 31935672 PMCID: PMC8676338 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2019.0187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, chlorhexidine (CHX)-silver (Ag) hybrid nanoparticles (NPs) coated gauze was developed, and their bactericidal effect and in vivo wound healing capacities were tested. A new method was developed to synthesise the NPs, wherein Ag nitrate mixed with sodium (Na) metaphosphate and reduced using Na borohydride. Finally, CHX digluconate was added to form the hybrid NPs. To study the antibacterial efficacy of particles, the minimal inhibition concentration and biofilm degradation capacity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria was studied using Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The results indicated that the NP inhibited biofilm formation and was bactericidal as well. The gauze was doped with NPs, and its wound healing property was evaluated using mice model. Results indicated that the wound healing process was fastened by using the NPs gauze doped with NPs without the administration of antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaliyaperumal Viswanathan
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India.
| | - Babu Diviya Bharathi
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Chitra Karuppannan
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Thiyagarajan Sanjeevi
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Madan Nithiyanantham
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Kandasamy Arul Kumar
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Latha Mala Priyadhershini Murugaiyan
- Vaccine Research Centre-bacterial Vaccine (VRC-BV), Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Dhinakarraj Gopal
- Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
| | - Raman Muthusamy
- Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, Centre for Animal Health Studies (CAHS), Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Chennai 600 051, India
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Alblowi JA, Gamal-Abdel Naser A. Metagenomic Assessment of Different Interventions for Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Open Dent J 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1874210601913010557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:
Chronic periodontitis is attributed to oral microbial imbalance and host inflammatory reaction.
Objective:
Our review addresses the question of: Are the available interventions able to regain oral microbial balance in patients having chronic periodontitis?
Data Sources:
We performed a comprehensive systematic search of MEDLine via Pubmed, Cochrane CENTRAL, Clinicalkey, Clarivate Analytics, Springer materials, Wiley, SAGE, Elsevier, Taylor & Francis group, and Wolter Kluwer, together with hand searching and searching the grey literature.
Eligibility Criteria:
We included interventional studies testing the microbiome analysis using metagenomic techniques as an outcome to any intervention for chronic periodontitis.
Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods:
All studies were imported in Mendeley. The risk of bias was assessed using the specific tool for each study design. The results were analysed using RevMan. All the review steps were performed in duplicates.
Results:
The search yielded 2700 records. After exclusion steps, 10 records were found eligible. We included 5 RCTs, 1 non-RCT, 3 before-and-after studies, and 1 ongoing study. The studies tested non-surgical periodontal treatment with and without antibiotic coverage, probiotics, sodium hypochlorite rinse, and different toothpaste ingredients. One RCT tested the use of enamel matrix derivatives in cases with furcation involvement.
Limitations:
The eligible available studies were small in number. Also, the risk of bias and lack of a standardized protocol impaired the ability to pool all the results.
Conclusions:
The body of the available evidence is not sufficient, and future studies are recommended to better evaluate the effect of periodontal treatments on the periodontal microbiome.
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Mora-Boza A, Aparicio FJ, Alcaire M, López-Santos C, Espinós JP, Torres-Lagares D, Borrás A, Barranco A. Multifunctional antimicrobial chlorhexidine polymers by remote plasma assisted vacuum deposition. Front Chem Sci Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-019-1803-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Sukhodub L, Sukhodub L, Prylutskyy Y, Strutynska N, Vovchenko L, Soroca V, Slobodyanik N, Tsierkezos N, Ritter U. Composite material based on hydroxyapatite and multi-walled carbon nanotubes filled by iron: Preparation, properties and drug release ability. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 93:606-614. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Mukherjee R, Dutta D, Patra M, Chatterjee B, Basu T. Nanonized tetracycline cures deadly diarrheal disease 'shigellosis' in mice, caused by multidrug-resistant Shigella flexneri 2a bacterial infection. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 18:402-413. [PMID: 30448527 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
We reported earlier about nano-formulation of tetracycline through its entrapment within calcium-phosphate nano-particle (CPNP) and about killing of pathogenic bacterium Shigella flexnari 2a, resistant to tetracycline (and 9 other antibiotics), by the nanonized antibiotic (Tet-CPNP). Here, we report on therapeutic role of Tet-CPNP against deadly diarrheal disease 'shigellosis' in mice, caused by Shigella infection. Our findings revealed that occurrence of mushy-stool excretion, colon-length shortening, weight-loss and bacterial colonization in gastrointestinal tract of mice due to shigellosis was significantly reduced by Tet-CPNP treatment. Histo- and immuno-logical studies showed that changes in morphology and level of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IFN-γ in intestinal tissue of Shigella-infected mice were reverted to almost normal features by Tet-CPNP treatment. Bulk tetracycline had no anti-shigellosis action. Thus, nanonization of tetracycline rejuvenated the old, cheap, broad-spectrum antibiotic from obsolescence (due to resistance generation), making it highly beneficial for diarrhea-prone developing countries with limited health-care budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Mousumi Patra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Biplab Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India.
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19
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Dual purpose hafnium oxide nanoparticles offer imaging Streptococcus mutans dental biofilm and fight it In vivo via a drug free approach. Biomaterials 2018; 181:252-267. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Geskovski N, Sazdovska SD, Gjosheva S, Petkovska R, Popovska M, Anastasova L, Mladenovska K, Goracinova K. Rational development of nanomedicines for molecular targeting in periodontal disease. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 93:31-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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21
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Patra M, Mukherjee R, Banik M, Dutta D, Begum NA, Basu T. Calcium phosphate-quercetin nanocomposite (CPQN): A multi-functional nanoparticle having pH indicating, highly fluorescent and anti-oxidant properties. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2017; 154:63-73. [PMID: 28324689 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Calcium phosphate quercetin nanocomposite (CPQN) i.e., quercetin entrapped in calcium phosphate nanoparticle was synthesized by a precipitation method at 80°C, taking ammonium hydrogen phosphate, calcium nitrate and quercetin as precursors and sodium citrate as stabilizer. The nanocomposite suspension had different color at different pH values, a property that could render the nanoparticle a pH indicator. Besides color, the particles also had different size, shape, stability and quercetin content with change of pH. In addition, the CPQN was highly fluorescent having two sharp emission peaks at 460 and 497nm, when excited at 370nm; by this property it behaved as an effective fluorophore to label biological cell. Moreover, the nanocomposite had potential anti-oxidant property, for which mortality of mouse neuroblastoma cell N2A, by H2O2-induced oxidative stress, was found to be lowered by the pre-treatment of the cells with CPQN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Patra
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Riya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Milon Banik
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Naznin Ara Begum
- Department of Chemistry, Viswa Bharati University, Santiniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India.
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22
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Water-Soluble Cellulose Derivatives Are Sustainable Additives for Biomimetic Calcium Phosphate Mineralization. INORGANICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics4040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
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23
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Abstract
Good oral health is of major importance for general health and well-being. Several innovative drug delivery systems have been developed for the local treatment and prevention of various diseases in the oral cavity. However, there are currently few optimal systems and many therapeutic challenges still remain, including low drug efficacy and retention at targeted site of action. The present review provides an insight into the latest drug delivery strategies for the local treatment and prevention of the four most common oral pathologies, namely, dental caries, periodontitis, oral mucosal infections and oral cancer. The potential of bioadhesive formulations, nanoparticulate platforms, multifunctional systems and photodynamic methodologies to improve therapy and prophylaxis in future local applications for the oral cavity will be discussed.
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Mukherjee R, Patra M, Dutta D, Banik M, Basu T. Tetracycline-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticle (Tet-CPNP): Rejuvenation of an obsolete antibiotic to further action. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1929-41. [PMID: 27288585 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing resistance in bacteria towards antibiotics has made it imperative to research on their revitalization to combat infectious diseases. This study dealt with synthesis of a nano-form of the antibiotic tetracycline, its characterization and potency of killing different multi-drug resistant diarrhea-causing bacteria. METHODS Nano-formulation was done by loading tetracycline within biocompatible calcium phosphate nanoparticle. The synthesized tetracycline-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticle (Tet-CPNP) was characterized by the techniques like TEM, DLS, EDS, FTIR, spectrofluorimetry and dialysis. Bactericidal activity of nano-particulate tetracycline was investigated by agar plating, spectrophotometry, phase contrast-fluorescence-atomic force microscopy and flow cytometry techniques. RESULTS The Tet-CPNPs were 8±5nm in size and nearly spherical in shape, efficiency of tetracycline loading in CPNP was about 20% and the release of antibiotic from Tet-CPNPs was sustainable during 7days. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of Tet-CPNP on multiple antibiotic (including tetracycline) resistant bacteria like Escherichia coli, Salmonella kentuckey and Shigella flexneri was in the range of 20-40μg/ml, whereas MIC of free tetracycline was in the range of 150-180μg/ml. NP-mediated cell filamentation and cell membrane disintegration caused cell killing. Moreover, death of Shigella-infected Zebra fish larvae was stalled by Tet-CPNP treatment. CPNP itself had no toxic effect on bacteria as well as on Zebra fish. CONCLUSION Our nano-formulation of tetracycline might reclaim a nearly obsolete antibiotic to further potential function. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Such a study on revival of an old, cheap, broad-spectrum antibiotic to further action is highly beneficial to developing countries with limited health care budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riya Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Mousumi Patra
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Debanjan Dutta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Milon Banik
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India
| | - Tarakdas Basu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741 235, West Bengal, India.
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25
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Song J, Remmers SJA, Shao J, Kolwijck E, Walboomers XF, Jansen JA, Leeuwenburgh SCG, Yang F. Antibacterial effects of electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) nanofibrous membranes loaded with chlorhexidine and silver. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2016; 12:1357-64. [PMID: 26970025 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To prevent percutaneous device associated infections (PDAIs), we prepared electrospun chitosan/poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) nanofibrous membrane containing silver nanoparticles as an implantable delivery vehicle for the dual release of chlorhexidine and silver ions. We observed that the silver nanoparticles were distributed homogeneously throughout the fibers, and a fast release of chlorhexidine in 2days and a sustained release of silver ions for up to 28days. The antibacterial efficacy of the membranes against Staphylococcus aureus showed that the membranes exhibited an obvious inhibition zone upon loading with either chlorhexidine (20μg or more per membrane) or AgNO3 (1 and 5wt% to polymer). Furthermore, long-term antibacterial effect up to 4days was verified using membranes containing 5wt% AgNO3. The results suggest that the membranes have strong potential to act as an active antibacterial dressing for local delivery of antibacterial agents to prevent PDAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankang Song
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan J A Remmers
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jinlong Shao
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eva Kolwijck
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - X Frank Walboomers
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - John A Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Fang Yang
- Department of Biomaterials, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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26
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Schlickewei CW, Laaff G, Andresen A, Klatte TO, Rueger JM, Ruesing J, Epple M, Lehmann W. Bone augmentation using a new injectable bone graft substitute by combining calcium phosphate and bisphosphonate as composite--an animal model. J Orthop Surg Res 2015. [PMID: 26205381 PMCID: PMC4513618 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0263-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to create a new injectable bone graft substitute by combining the features of calcium phosphate and bisphosphonate as a composite bone graft to support bone healing and to evaluate the effect of alendronate to the bone healing process in an animal model. Material and method In this study, 24 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: a calcium phosphate alendronate group and a calcium phosphate control group. A defect was created at the proximal medial tibia and filled with the new created injectable bone graft substitute calcium phosphate alendronate or with calcium phosphate. Healing process was documented by fluoroscopy. To evaluate the potential of the bone graft substitute, the proximal tibia was harvested 2, 4, and 12 weeks after operation. Histomorphological analysis was focused on the evaluation of the dynamic bone parameters using the Osteomeasure system. Results Radiologically, the bone graft materials were equally absorbed. No fracture was documented. The bones healed normally. After 2 weeks, the histological analysis showed an increased new bone formation for both materials. The osteoid volume per bone volume (OV/BV) was significantly higher for the calcium phosphate group. After 4 weeks, the results were almost equal. The trabecular thickness (Tb.Th) increased in comparison to week 2 in both groups with a slight advantage for the calcium phosphate group. The total mass of the bone graft (KEM.Ar) and the bone graft substitute surface density (KEM.Pm) were consistently decreasing. After 12 weeks, the new bone volume per tissue volume (BV/TV) was still constantly growing. Both bone grafts show a good integration. New bone was formed on the surface of both bone grafts. The calcium phosphate as well as the calcium phosphate alendronate paste had been enclosed by the bone. The trabecular thickness was higher in both groups compared to the first time point. Conclusion Calcium phosphate proved its good potential as a bone graft substitute. Initially, the diagrams seem to show a tendency that alendronate improves the known properties of calcium phosphate as a bone graft substitute. The composite graft induced a good and constant new bone formation. Not only the graft was incorporated into the bone but also a new bone was formed on its surface. But we could not prove a significant difference between the grafts. Both implants proved their function as a bone graft substitute, but the bisphosphonate alendronate does not support the bone healing process sufficiently that the known properties of calcium phosphate as a bone graft substitute were improved in the sense of a composite graft. In this study, alendronate used as a bone graft in a healthy bony environment did not influence the bone healing process in a positive or negative way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carsten W Schlickewei
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Georg Laaff
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Anne Andresen
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Till O Klatte
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes M Rueger
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Ruesing
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Matthias Epple
- Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117, Essen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Lehmann
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany
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27
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Sharma S, Verma A, Teja BV, Pandey G, Mittapelly N, Trivedi R, Mishra PR. An insight into functionalized calcium based inorganic nanomaterials in biomedicine: Trends and transitions. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 133:120-39. [PMID: 26094145 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the recent years the use of biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles in biomedicine has become a significant priority. Calcium based ceramic nanoparticles like calcium phosphate (CaP) and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) are therefore considered as attractive carriers as they are naturally present in human body with nanosize range. Their application in tissue engineering and localized controlled delivery of bioactives for bones and teeth is well established now, but recently their use has increased significantly as carrier of bioactives through other routes also. These delivery systems have become most potential alternatives to other commonly used delivery system because of their cost effectiveness, biodegradability, chemical stability, controlled and stimuli responsive behaviour. This review comprehensively covers their characteristic features, method of preparation and applications but the thrust is to focus their recent development, functionalization and use in systemic delivery. On the same platform mineralization of other nanoparticulate delivery system which has widened their application drug delivery will be discussed. The emphasis has been given on their pH dependent properties which make them excellent carriers for tumour targeting and intracellular delivery. Finally this review also attempts to discuss their drawback which limits their clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Sharma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - Ashwni Verma
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - B Venkatesh Teja
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - Gitu Pandey
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - Naresh Mittapelly
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Division of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India
| | - P R Mishra
- Division of Pharmaceutics, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, B 10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, U.P., India.
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28
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Effectiveness of various toothpastes on dentine tubule occlusion. J Dent 2015; 43:440-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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29
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Mai T, Boye S, Yuan J, Völkel A, Gräwert M, Günter C, Lederer A, Taubert A. Poly(ethylene oxide)-based block copolymers with very high molecular weights for biomimetic calcium phosphate mineralization. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra20035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Ampholytic and betaine-type block copolymers are excellent growth modifiers for calcium phosphate in biologically inspired calcium phosphate mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Mai
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Potsdam
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Susanne Boye
- Leibniz Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Antje Völkel
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Marlies Gräwert
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Christina Günter
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences
- University of Potsdam
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
| | - Albena Lederer
- Leibniz Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V
- D-01069 Dresden
- Germany
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry
- University of Potsdam
- D-14476 Potsdam
- Germany
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30
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Salama A, Neumann M, Günter C, Taubert A. Ionic liquid-assisted formation of cellulose/calcium phosphate hybrid materials. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 5:1553-1568. [PMID: 25247137 PMCID: PMC4168887 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.5.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose/calcium phosphate hybrid materials were synthesized via an ionic liquid-assisted route. Scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis/differential thermal analysis show that, depending on the reaction conditions, cellulose/hydroxyapatite, cellulose/chlorapatite, or cellulose/monetite composites form. Preliminary studies with MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts show that the cells proliferate on the hybrid materials suggesting that the ionic liquid-based process yields materials that are potentially useful as scaffolds for regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Salama
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
- Cellulose and Paper Department, National Research Center, El-Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mike Neumann
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Christina Günter
- Institute of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Andreas Taubert
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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31
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Liang K, Gao Y, Li J, Liao Y, Xiao S, Lv H, He L, Cheng L, Zhou X, Li J. Effective dentinal tubule occlusion induced by polyhydroxy-terminated PAMAM dendrimer in vitro. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra07100j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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32
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Odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells under nanobioactive glass induction. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:2792-803. [PMID: 24576581 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2014.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 02/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BG) has been widely used in bone regeneration; however, reports on the biological effects of BG on dental pulp cells are rare. This study aims to investigate the effects of nanoscale BG (n-BG) on odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and to compare these effects with those of microscale BG (m-BG). Human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) from third molars were cultured directly with m-BG and n-BG in vitro. The cell proliferation increased at 0.1mgml(-1) BG, which also had a chemotactic effect on hDPCs. The mineralization capacity and expression of odontogenic-related proteins and genes (dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1 and collagen type I) of hDPCs were significantly up-regulated under BG induction, and were particularly higher in the n-BG group than in the control group. m-BG and n-BG combined with pulp tissues were transplanted into the dorsum of immunodeficient mice to observe their biological effects on dental pulp cells in vivo. A continuous layer of dentin-like tissue with uniform thickness, a well-organized dentinal tubule structure and polarizing odontoblast-like cells aligned along it was generated upon the n-BG layer, whereas some irregular sporadic osteodentin-like mineralized tissues were observed in the control group. This study reveals that BG, especially n-BG, induces the odontogenic differentiation and dentin formation of dental pulp cells and may serve as a potential material for pulp repair and dentin regeneration.
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33
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphates in dentistry. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2013; 24:1335-1363. [PMID: 23468163 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-013-4898-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Dental caries, also known as tooth decay or a cavity, remains a major public health problem in the most communities even though the prevalence of disease has decreased since the introduction of fluorides for dental care. Therefore, biomaterials to fill dental defects appear to be necessary to fulfill customers' needs regarding the properties and the processing of the products. Bioceramics and glass-ceramics are widely used for these purposes, as dental inlays, onlays, veneers, crowns or bridges. Calcium orthophosphates belong to bioceramics but they have some specific advantages over other types of bioceramics due to a chemical similarity to the inorganic part of both human and mammalian bones and teeth. Therefore, calcium orthophosphates (both alone and as components of various formulations) are used in dentistry as both dental fillers and implantable scaffolds. This review provides brief information on calcium orthophosphates and describes in details current state-of-the-art on their applications in dentistry and dentistry-related fields. Among the recognized dental specialties, calcium orthophosphates are most frequently used in periodontics; however, the majority of the publications on calcium orthophosphates in dentistry are devoted to unspecified "dental" fields.
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34
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Bleek K, Taubert A. New developments in polymer-controlled, bioinspired calcium phosphate mineralization from aqueous solution. Acta Biomater 2013; 9:6283-321. [PMID: 23291492 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2012.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Revised: 11/13/2012] [Accepted: 12/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The polymer-controlled and bioinspired precipitation of inorganic minerals from aqueous solution at near-ambient or physiological conditions avoiding high temperatures or organic solvents is a key research area in materials science. Polymer-controlled mineralization has been studied as a model for biomineralization and for the synthesis of (bioinspired and biocompatible) hybrid materials for a virtually unlimited number of applications. Calcium phosphate mineralization is of particular interest for bone and dental repair. Numerous studies have therefore addressed the mineralization of calcium phosphate using a wide variety of low- and high-molecular-weight additives. In spite of the growing interest and increasing number of experimental and theoretical data, the mechanisms of polymer-controlled calcium phosphate mineralization are not entirely clear to date, although the field has made significant progress in the last years. A set of elegant experiments and calculations has shed light on some details of mineral formation, but it is currently not possible to preprogram a mineralization reaction to yield a desired product for a specific application. The current article therefore summarizes and discusses the influence of (macro)molecular entities such as polymers, peptides, proteins and gels on biomimetic calcium phosphate mineralization from aqueous solution. It focuses on strategies to tune the kinetics, morphologies, final dimensions and crystal phases of calcium phosphate, as well as on mechanistic considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Bleek
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Potsdam, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany
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35
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Peetsch A, Greulich C, Braun D, Stroetges C, Rehage H, Siebers B, Köller M, Epple M. Silver-doped calcium phosphate nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and toxic effects toward mammalian and prokaryotic cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2013; 102:724-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 09/25/2012] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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36
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Chernousova S, Klesing J, Soklakova N, Epple M. A genetically active nano-calcium phosphate paste for bone substitution, encoding the formation of BMP-7 and VEGF-A. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra23450a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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37
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Uskoković V, Desai TA. Phase composition control of calcium phosphate nanoparticles for tunable drug delivery kinetics and treatment of osteomyelitis. II. Antibacterial and osteoblastic response. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 101:1427-36. [PMID: 23115128 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Osteomyelitis has been traditionally treated by the combination of long-term antibiotic therapies and surgical removal of diseased tissue. The multifunctional material was developed in this study with the aim to improve this therapeutic approach by: (a) enabling locally delivered and sustained release of antibiotics at a tunable rate, so as to eliminate the need for repetitive administration of systemically distributed antibiotics; and (b) controllably dissolving itself, so as to promote natural remineralization of the portion of bone lost to disease. We report hereby on the effect of previously synthesized calcium phosphates (CAPs) with tunable solubilities and drug release timescales on bacterial and osteoblastic cell cultures. All CAP powders exhibited satisfying antibacterial performance against Staphylococcus aureus, the main causative agent of osteomyelitis. Still, owing to its highest drug adsorption efficiency, the most bacteriostatically effective phase was amorphous CAP with the minimal inhibitory concentration of less than 1 mg/mL. At the same time, the positive cell response and osteogenic effect of the antibiotic-loaded CAP particles was confirmed in vitro for all the sparsely soluble CAP phases. Adsorption of the antibiotic onto CAP particles reversed the deleterious effect that the pure antibiotic exerted on the osteogenic activity of the osteoblastic cells. The simultaneous osteogenic and antimicrobial performance of the material developed in this study, altogether with its ability to exhibit sustained drug release, may favor its consideration as a material base for alternative therapeutic approaches to prolonged antibiotic administration and surgical debridement typically prescribed in the treatment of osteomyelitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vuk Uskoković
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158-2330, USA.
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38
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Enax J, Prymak O, Raabe D, Epple M. Structure, composition, and mechanical properties of shark teeth. J Struct Biol 2012; 178:290-9. [PMID: 22503701 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2012.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The teeth of two different shark species (Isurus oxyrinchus and Galeocerdo cuvier) and a geological fluoroapatite single crystal were structurally and chemically characterized. In contrast to dentin, enameloid showed sharp diffraction peaks which indicated a high crystallinity of the enameloid. The lattice parameters of enameloid were close to those of the geological fluoroapatite single crystal. The inorganic part of shark teeth consisted of fluoroapatite with a fluoride content in the enameloid of 3.1 wt.%, i.e., close to the fluoride content of the geological fluoroapatite single crystal (3.64 wt.%). Scanning electron micrographs showed that the crystals in enameloid were highly ordered with a special topological orientation (perpendicular towards the outside surface and parallel towards the center). By thermogravimetry, water, organic matrix, and biomineral in dentin and enameloid of both shark species were determined. Dentin had a higher content of water, organic matrix, and carbonate than enameloid but contained less fluoride. Nanoindentation and Vicker's microhardness tests showed that the enameloid of the shark teeth was approximately six times harder than the dentin. The hardness of shark teeth and human teeth was comparable, both for dentin and enamel/enameloid. In contrast, the geological fluoroapatite single crystal was much harder than both kinds of teeth due to the absence of an organic matrix. In summary, the different biological functions of the shark teeth ("tearing" for Isurus and "cutting" for Galeocerdo) are controlled by the different geometry and not by the chemical or crystallographic composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Enax
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CeNIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 5-7, 45117 Essen, Germany
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