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Renner N, Schöb F, Pape R, Suciu I, Spreng AS, Ückert AK, Cöllen E, Bovio F, Chilian B, Bauer J, Röpcke S, Bergemann J, Leist M, Schildknecht S. Modeling ferroptosis in human dopaminergic neurons: Pitfalls and opportunities for neurodegeneration research. Redox Biol 2024; 73:103165. [PMID: 38688061 PMCID: PMC11070765 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The activation of ferroptosis is being pursued in cancer research as a strategy to target apoptosis-resistant cells. By contrast, in various diseases that affect the cardiovascular system, kidneys, liver, and central and peripheral nervous systems, attention is directed toward interventions that prevent ferroptotic cell death. Mechanistic insights into both research areas stem largely from studies using cellular in vitro models. However, intervention strategies that show promise in cellular test systems often fail in clinical trials, which raises concerns regarding the predictive validity of the utilized in vitro models. In this study, the human LUHMES cell line, which serves as a model for human dopaminergic neurons, was used to characterize factors influencing the activation of ferroptosis. Erastin and RSL-3 induced cell death that was distinct from apoptosis. Parameters such as the differentiation state of LUHMES cells, cell density, and the number and timing of medium changes were identified as determinants of sensitivity to ferroptosis activation. In differentiated LUHMES cells, interventions at mechanistically divergent sites (iron chelation, coenzyme Q10, peroxidase mimics, or inhibition of 12/15-lipoxygenase) provide almost complete protection from ferroptosis. LUHMES cells allowed the experimental modulation of intracellular iron concentrations and demonstrated a correlation between intracellular iron levels, the rate of lipid peroxidation, as well as the sensitivity of the cells to ferroptotic cell death. These findings underscore the importance of understanding the various factors that influence ferroptosis activation and highlight the need for well-characterized in vitro models to enhance the reliability and predictive value of observations in ferroptosis research, particularly when translating findings into in vivo contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Renner
- Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Faculty of Life Sciences, 72488, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schöb
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Regina Pape
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Ilinca Suciu
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anna-Sophie Spreng
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Anna-Katharina Ückert
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Eike Cöllen
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Federica Bovio
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126, Milano, Italy
| | - Bruno Chilian
- TRI Thinking Research Instruments GmbH, Große Freiheit 77, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Bauer
- TRI Thinking Research Instruments GmbH, Große Freiheit 77, 22767, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Röpcke
- Stemick GmbH, Byk-Gulden Str. 2, 78467, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jörg Bergemann
- Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Faculty of Life Sciences, 72488, Sigmaringen, Germany
| | - Marcel Leist
- In Vitro Toxicology and Biomedicine, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Stefan Schildknecht
- Albstadt-Sigmaringen University, Faculty of Life Sciences, 72488, Sigmaringen, Germany.
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Raptania CN, Zakia S, Fahira AI, Amalia R. Article review: Brazilin as potential anticancer agent. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1355533. [PMID: 38515856 PMCID: PMC10955326 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1355533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Brazilin is the main compound in Caesalpinia sappan and Haematoxylum braziletto, which is identified as a homoisoflavonoid based on its molecular structure. These plants are traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory to treat fever, hemorrhage, rheumatism, skin problems, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, brazilin has increased its interest in cancer studies. Several findings have shown that brazilin has cytotoxic effects on colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, cervical cancer, bladder carcinoma, also other cancers, along with numerous facts about its possible mechanisms that will be discussed. Besides its flavonoid content, brazilin is able to chelate metal ions. A study has proved that brazilin could be used as an antituberculosis agent based on its ability to chelate iron. This possible iron-chelating of brazilin and all the studies discussed in this review will lead us to the statement that, in the future, brazilin has the potency to be a chemo-preventive and anticancer agent. The article review aimed to determine the brazilin mechanism and pathogenesis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callista Najla Raptania
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Syifa Zakia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Alistia Ilmiah Fahira
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Riezki Amalia
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
- Center of Excellence in Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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3
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Xu Q, Wang X, Mu Z, Zhou Y, Ding X, Ji X, Yan J, Pan D, Chen C, Xu Y, Wang L, Wang J, Wang G, Yang M. Repurposing iron chelators for accurate positron emission tomography imaging tracking of radiometal-labeled cell transplants. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e473. [PMID: 38292327 PMCID: PMC10827001 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
The use of radiolabeled cells for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging tracking has been a promising approach for monitoring cell-based therapies. However, the presence of free radionuclides released from dead cells during tracking can interfere with the signal from living cells, leading to inaccurate results. In this study, the effectiveness of the iron chelators deferoxamine (DFO) and deferiprone in removing free radionuclides 89Zr and 68Ga, respectively, was demonstrated in vivo utilizing PET imaging. The use of DFO during PET imaging tracking of 89Zr-labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) significantly reduced uptake in bone while preserving uptake in major organs, resulting in more accurate and reliable tracking. Furthermore, the clearance of free 89Zr in vivo resulted in a significant reduction in radiation dose from 89Zr-labeled MSCs. Additionally, the avoidance of free radionuclide accumulation in bone allowed for more precise observation of the homing process and persistence during bone marrow transplantation. The efficacy and safety of this solution suggest this finding has potential for widespread use in imaging tracking studies involving various cells. Moreover, since this method employed iron chelator drugs in clinical use, which makes it is a good prospect for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xu
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Ziqian Mu
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Yixiang Zhou
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Xiang Ding
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Xin Ji
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Junjie Yan
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Donghui Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Chongyang Chen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Yuping Xu
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Lizhen Wang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Jiangsu Renocell Biotech Co., Ltd.NanjingChina
| | - Guangji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and PharmacokineticsState Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Min Yang
- Department of RadiopharmaceuticalsSchool of PharmacyNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear MedicineJiangsu Institute of Nuclear MedicineWuxiChina
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Wijesinghe TP, Kaya B, Gonzálvez MA, Harmer JR, Gholam Azad M, Bernhardt PV, Dharmasivam M, Richardson DR. Steric Blockade of Oxy-Myoglobin Oxidation by Thiosemicarbazones: Structure-Activity Relationships of the Novel PPP4pT Series. J Med Chem 2023; 66:15453-15476. [PMID: 37922410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
The di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazones demonstrated marked anticancer efficacy, prompting progression of DpC to clinical trials. However, DpC induced deleterious oxy-myoglobin oxidation, stifling development. To address this, novel substituted phenyl thiosemicarbazone (PPP4pT) analogues and their Fe(III), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes were prepared. The PPP4pT analogues demonstrated potent antiproliferative activity (IC50: 0.009-0.066 μM), with the 1:1 Cu:L complexes showing the greatest efficacy. Substitutions leading to decreased redox potential of the PPP4pT:Cu(II) complexes were associated with higher antiproliferative activity, while increasing potential correlated with increased redox activity. Surprisingly, there was no correlation between redox activity and antiproliferative efficacy. The PPP4pT:Fe(III) complexes attenuated oxy-myoglobin oxidation significantly more than the clinically trialed thiosemicarbazones, Triapine, COTI-2, and DpC, or earlier thiosemicarbazone series. Incorporation of phenyl- and styryl-substituents led to steric blockade, preventing approach of the PPP4pT:Fe(III) complexes to the heme plane and its oxidation. The 1:1 Cu(II):PPP4pT complexes were inert to transmetalation and did not induce oxy-myoglobin oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharushi P Wijesinghe
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Busra Kaya
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Miguel A Gonzálvez
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jeffrey R Harmer
- Centre for Advanced Imaging, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Mahan Gholam Azad
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Paul V Bernhardt
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane 4111, Australia
- Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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D'Acunto CW, Gbelcová H, Kaplánek R, Pospíšilová M, Havlík M, Ruml T. Chelators as Antineuroblastomas Agents. Physiol Res 2023; 72:S277-S286. [PMID: 37888971 PMCID: PMC10669945 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.935184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma represents 8-10 % of all malignant tumors in childhood and is responsible for 15 % of cancer deaths in the pediatric population. Aggressive neuroblastomas are often resistant to chemotherapy. Canonically, neuroblastomas can be classified according to the MYCN (N-myc proto-oncogene protein) gene amplification, a common marker of tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. It has been found that certain compounds with chelating properties may show anticancer activity, but there is little evidence for the effect of chelators on neuroblastoma. The effect of new chelators characterized by the same functional group, designated as HLZ (1-hydrazino phthalazine), on proliferation (WST-1 and methylene blue assay), cell cycle (flow cytometry), apoptosis (proliferation assay after use of specific pharmacological inhibitors and western blot analysis) and ROS production (fluorometric assay based on dichlorofluorescein diacetate metabolism) was studied in three neuroblastoma cell lines with different levels of MYCN amplification. The molecules were effective only on MYCN-non-amplified cells in which they arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase. We investigated the mechanism of action and identified the activation of cell signaling that involves protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W D'Acunto
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 6, Czech Republic; Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
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6
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Musiol R. Efflux systems as a target for anti-biofilm nanoparticles: perspectives on emerging applications. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:953-963. [PMID: 37788168 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2263910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Understanding the role of efflux pumps in biofilm resistance provides valuable insights for developing effective therapeutic strategies. Drugs designed for targeting efflux pumps in drug design holds promise for combating biofilm-related infections. Nanoparticles offer unparalleled advantages in designing drugs targeting efflux pumps. AREAS COVERED This review rigorously examines the existing body of knowledge on the prospective targeting of efflux pumps using metal-based nanoparticles. It includes and analyses the pertinent research findings sourced from the PubMed and SciFinder databases. It covers the experimental studies on efflux inhibition by nanoparticles and provides detailed analyses of their mechanisms of action, elucidating their interactions with the efflux system and their influence on biofilm formation and persistence. EXPERT OPINION The potential of nanoparticles to act as potent antibacterial agents through efflux pump inhibition remains tantalizing, although hindered by limited mechanistic understanding. From the burgeoning research landscape nanoparticles emerge as a novel direction for shaping antimicrobial drug design. Notably, beyond their contribution to drug resistance, efflux pumps play a pivotal role in biofilm development. The deliberate disruption of these pumps can effectively reduce biofilm adhesion and maturation. More details however are needed to exploit this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Musiol
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Arshad JZ, Hanif M. Hydroxypyrone derivatives in drug discovery: from chelation therapy to rational design of metalloenzyme inhibitors. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:1127-1149. [PMID: 36325396 PMCID: PMC9579940 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00175f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The versatile structural motif of hydroxypyrone is found in natural products and can be easily converted into hydroxypyridone and hydroxythiopyridone analogues. The favourable toxicity profile and ease of functionalization to access a vast library of compounds make them an ideal structural scaffold for drug design and discovery. This versatile scaffold possesses excellent metal chelating properties that can be exploited for chelation therapy in clinics. Deferiprone [1,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-one] was the first orally active chelator to treat iron overload in thalassemia major. Metal complexes of hydroxy-(thio)pyr(id)ones have been investigated as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents, and anticancer and antidiabetic agents. In recent years, this compound class has demonstrated potential in discovering and developing metalloenzyme inhibitors. This review article summarizes recent literature on hydroxy-(thio)pyr(id)ones as inhibitors for metalloenzymes such as histone deacetylases, tyrosinase and metallo-β-lactamase. Different approaches to the design of hydroxy-(thio)pyr(id)ones and their biological properties against selected metalloenzymes are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahan Zaib Arshad
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Sialkot Sialkot Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland Private Bag 92019 Auckland 1142 New Zealand (+64) 9 373 7599 ext. 87422
- MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology Wellington New Zealand
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Silva FT, Espósito BP. Intracellular Iron Binding and Antioxidant Activity of Phytochelators. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3910-3918. [PMID: 34648123 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phytochelators have been studied as templates for designing new drugs for chelation therapy. This work evaluated key chemical and biological properties of five candidate phytochelators for iron overload diseases: maltol, mimosine, morin, tropolone, and esculetin. Intra- and extracellular iron affinity and antioxidant activity, as well as the ability to scavenge iron from holo-transferrin, were studied in physiologically relevant settings. Tropolone and mimosine (and, to a lesser extent, maltol) presented good binding capacity for iron, removing it from calcein, a high-affinity fluorescent probe. Tropolone and mimosine arrested iron-mediated oxidation of ascorbate with the same efficiency as the standard iron chelator DFO. Also, both were cell permeant and able to access labile pools of iron in HeLa and HepG2 cells. Mimosine was an effective antioxidant in cells stressed by iron and peroxide, being as efficient as the cell-permeant iron chelator deferiprone. These results reinforce the potential of those molecules, especially mimosine, as adjuvants in treatments for iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredson Torres Silva
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Breno Pannia Espósito
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Pita-Grisanti V, Chasser K, Sobol T, Cruz-Monserrate Z. Understanding the Potential and Risk of Bacterial Siderophores in Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:867271. [PMID: 35785195 PMCID: PMC9248441 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.867271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are iron chelating molecules produced by nearly all organisms, most notably by bacteria, to efficiently sequester the limited iron that is available in the environment. Siderophores are an essential component of mammalian iron homeostasis and the ongoing interspecies competition for iron. Bacteria produce a broad repertoire of siderophores with a canonical role in iron chelation and the capacity to perform versatile functions such as interacting with other microbes and the host immune system. Siderophores are a vast area of untapped potential in the field of cancer research because cancer cells demand increased iron concentrations to sustain rapid proliferation. Studies investigating siderophores as therapeutics in cancer generally focused on the role of a few siderophores as iron chelators; however, these studies are limited and some show conflicting results. Moreover, siderophores are biologically conserved, structurally diverse molecules that perform additional functions related to iron chelation. Siderophores also have a role in inflammation due to their iron acquisition and chelation properties. These diverse functions may contribute to both risks and benefits as therapeutic agents in cancer. The potential of siderophore-mediated iron and bacterial modulation to be used in the treatment of cancer warrants further investigation. This review discusses the wide range of bacterial siderophore functions and their utilization in cancer treatment to further expand their functional relevance in cancer detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pita-Grisanti
- The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Kaylin Chasser
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Trevor Sobol
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Division of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
- *Correspondence: Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate,
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Huff SE, Winter JM, Dealwis CG. Inhibitors of the Cancer Target Ribonucleotide Reductase, Past and Present. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12060815. [PMID: 35740940 PMCID: PMC9221315 DOI: 10.3390/biom12060815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) is an essential multi-subunit enzyme found in all living organisms; it catalyzes the rate-limiting step in dNTP synthesis, namely, the conversion of ribonucleoside diphosphates to deoxyribonucleoside diphosphates. As expression levels of human RR (hRR) are high during cell replication, hRR has long been considered an attractive drug target for a range of proliferative diseases, including cancer. While there are many excellent reviews regarding the structure, function, and clinical importance of hRR, recent years have seen an increase in novel approaches to inhibiting hRR that merit an updated discussion of the existing inhibitors and strategies to target this enzyme. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and clinical applications of classic nucleoside analog inhibitors of hRRM1 (large catalytic subunit), including gemcitabine and clofarabine, as well as inhibitors of the hRRM2 (free radical housing small subunit), including triapine and hydroxyurea. Additionally, we discuss novel approaches to targeting RR and the discovery of new classes of hRR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E. Huff
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, USA;
| | - Jordan M. Winter
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Akron, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Chris G. Dealwis
- Department of Pharmacology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
- Correspondence:
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11
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Hashemi Z, Ebrahimzadeh MA, Biparva P. Naked Eye Chemosensor and In Vivo Chelating Activity of Iron (III) By Bromopyridine Quinoxaline (BPQ). J Fluoresc 2022; 32:1669-1678. [PMID: 35622216 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-02893-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A wide variety of medical, biomedical, and industrial applications has been reported for quinoxalines derivatives. In this work, a novel quinoxaline derivative was designed and synthesized. Naked-eye and quantitative detection of Fe3+ among several cations were evaluated using UV-Vis spectroscopy. New chemosensor, 2,3-bis(6-bromopyridine-2-yl)-6-chloroquinoxaline named BPQ, showed a selective interaction for iron ion over other tested cations by changing color. Iron overloaded mice were prepared as a thalassemia model and then the effects of iron-chelating activities of BPQ were experienced. The job's plot methods determined the stoichiometric ratio of ligand to Fe3+ (1:1). The iron content in serum was evaluated by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Results showed significant differences (two-fold decrease in total iron and Fe3+) between the iron overloaded and BPQ (dose of 20 mgkg-1). The BPQ was identified as a ligand, which can be applied as a new chelator for decreasing the excess iron of blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hashemi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hemoglobinopathy Institute and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Hemoglobinopathy Institute and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Pourya Biparva
- Department of Basic Sciences, Sari University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, P.O.Box 578, Sari, Iran.
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12
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Yamaki J, Chawla S, Tong S, Lozada KA, Yang S. Iron Effects on Clostridioides difficile Toxin Production and Antimicrobial Susceptibilities. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:537. [PMID: 35625180 PMCID: PMC9137654 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the benefits of red blood cell (RBC) transfusion therapy, it can render patients vulnerable to iron overload. The excess iron deposits in various body tissues cause severe complications and organ damage such as cardiotoxicity and mold infections. Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common cause of nosocomial diarrhea among cancer patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Our study aims to determine the role of iron overload and the effects of iron chelators on CDI. Our results demonstrated that iron (Fe3+) stimulated the growth of C. difficile with increased colony formation units (CFU) in a dose-dependent manner. Exposure to excess iron also increased the gene expression levels of tcdA and tcdB. The production of C. difficile toxin A, necessary for the pathogenesis of C. difficile, was also elevated after iron treatment. In the presence of excess iron, C. difficile becomes less susceptible to metronidazole with significantly elevated minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) but remains susceptible to vancomycin. Iron-stimulated colony formation and production of C. difficile toxins were effectively diminished by iron chelator deferoxamine co-treatment. Incorporating iron overload status as a potential factor in developing a risk prediction model of CDI and antibiotic treatment response may aid clinical practitioners in optimizing CDI management in oncology patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Yamaki
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Swati Chawla
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (J.Y.); (S.C.)
| | - Shirley Tong
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (S.T.); (K.A.L.)
| | - Kate Alison Lozada
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (S.T.); (K.A.L.)
| | - Sun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA 92618, USA; (J.Y.); (S.C.)
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13
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Heterologous Expression and Biochemical Analysis Reveal a Schizokinen-Based Siderophore Pathway in Leptolyngbya (Cyanobacteria). Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0237321. [PMID: 35285240 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02373-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Siderophores are low molecular weight iron-chelating molecules that many organisms secrete to scavenge ferric iron from the environment. While cyanobacteria inhabit a wide range of environments with poor iron availability, only two siderophore families have been characterized from this phylum. Herein, we sought to investigate siderophore production in the marine genus, Leptolyngbya. A 12 open reading frame (14.5 kb) putative nonribosomal peptide synthetase-independent siderophore biosynthesis gene cluster, identified in the genome of Leptolyngbya sp. PCC 7376, was cloned and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli. Under iron-limiting conditions, expression strains harboring the first seven genes (lidA to lidF), produced a potent siderophore, which was subsequently identified via UPLC-MS/MS and NMR as schizokinen. The enzymes encoded by the remaining genes (lidG1 to lidG5) did not appear to be active in E. coli, therefore their function could not be determined. Bioinformatic analysis revealed gene clusters with high homology to lidA to lidF in phylogenetically and biogeographically diverse cyanobacteria, suggesting that schizokinen-based siderophore production is widespread in this phylum. Siderophore yields in E. coli expression strains were significantly higher than those achieved by Leptolyngbya, highlighting the potential of this platform for producing siderophores of industrial value. IMPORTANCE Iron availability limits the growth of many microorganisms, particularly those residing in high nutrient-low chlorophyll aquatic environments. Therefore, characterizing iron acquisition pathways in phytoplankton is essential for understanding nutrient cycling in our oceans. The results of this study suggest that Leptolyngbya sp. PCC 7376, and many other cyanobacteria, use schizokinen-based iron chelators (siderophores) to scavenge iron from the environment. We have shown that these pathways are amenable to heterologous expression in E. coli, which expands the limited arsenal of known cyanobacterial siderophores and is advantageous for the downstream overproduction of relevant siderophores of ecological and industrial value.
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Wada A, Umeki Y, Annoura T, Saito-Nakano Y. In Vitro and In Vivo Antiamebic Activity of Iron-Targeting Polypyridine Compounds against Enteric Protozoan Parasite Entamoeba histolytica. ACS Infect Dis 2022; 8:457-462. [PMID: 35090116 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The infectious protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica is responsible for amebiasis causing colitis and liver abscesses, which is an epidemic in developing countries. To develop a drug discovery strategy targeting the iron source required for the proliferation of E. histolytica, an untapped chemical group consisting of low-molecular-weight compounds with metal-binding affinity was investigated. Electrochemically neutral polypyridine compounds, PHN-R2, that showed specific Fe(II)-binding affinity and growth inhibitory ability against E. histolytica were identified. Furthermore, the iron-dependent IC50 values of PHN-R2 and the spectrometric analytical data of their iron complexes clarified the relationship between the antiamebic activity and the iron-targeting specificity. Notably, when PHN-H2 was administrated to E. histolytica-infected hamsters as an animal model of amebiasis, it exhibited a prominent therapeutic efficacy to completely cure liver abscesses without serious side effects. Deciphering the antiamebic activity of iron-targeting compounds in vitro and in vivo provides valuable insights into the development of a next-generation drug against amebiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Wada
- Laboratory for Nonnatural Amino Acid Technology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuko Umeki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saito-Nakano
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan
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15
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Lewis FW, Bird K, Navarro JP, El Fallah R, Brandel J, Hubscher-Bruder V, Tsatsanis A, Duce JA, Tétard D, Bourne S, Maina M, Pienaar IS. Synthesis, physicochemical characterization and neuroprotective evaluation of novel 1-hydroxypyrazin-2(1 H)-one iron chelators in an in vitro cell model of Parkinson's disease. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:3590-3603. [PMID: 35147617 PMCID: PMC8886574 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02604f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Iron dysregulation, dopamine depletion, cellular oxidative stress and α-synuclein protein mis-folding are key neuronal pathological features seen in the progression of Parkinson's disease. Iron chelators endowed with one or more therapeutic modes of action have long been suggested as disease modifying therapies for its treatment. In this study, novel 1-hydroxypyrazin-2(1H)-one iron chelators were synthesized and their physicochemical properties, iron chelation abilities, antioxidant capacities and neuroprotective effects in a cell culture model of Parkinson's disease were evaluated. Physicochemical properties (log β, log D7.4, pL0.5) suggest that these ligands have a poorer ability to penetrate cell membranes and form weaker iron complexes than the closely related 1-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones. Despite this, we show that levels of neuroprotection provided by these ligands against the catecholaminergic neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopamine in vitro were comparable to those seen previously with the 1-hydroxypyridin-2(1H)-ones and the clinically used iron chelator Deferiprone, with two of the ligands restoring cell viability to ≥89% compared to controls. Two of the ligands were endowed with additional phenol moieties in an attempt to derive multifunctional chelators with dual iron chelation/antioxidant activity. However, levels of neuroprotection with these ligands were no greater than ligands lacking this moiety, suggesting the neuroprotective properties of these ligands are due primarily to chelation and passivation of intracellular labile iron, preventing the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species that otherwise lead to the neuronal cell death seen in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank W Lewis
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Kathleen Bird
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Jean-Philippe Navarro
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Rawa El Fallah
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Jeremy Brandel
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | | | - Andrew Tsatsanis
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
- Alzheimer's Research UK Cambridge Drug Discovery Institute, Cambridge Bio-medical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - James A Duce
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, West Yorkshire LS2 9JT, UK
- Alzheimer's Research UK Cambridge Drug Discovery Institute, Cambridge Bio-medical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - David Tétard
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, Tyne and Wear NE1 8ST, UK.
| | - Samuel Bourne
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
| | - Mahmoud Maina
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
| | - Ilse S Pienaar
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Sussex BN1 9PH, UK.
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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16
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Klahn P, Zscherp R, Jimidar CC. Advances in the Synthesis of Enterobactin, Artificial Analogues, and Enterobactin-Derived Antimicrobial Drug Conjugates and Imaging Tools for Infection Diagnosis. SYNTHESIS-STUTTGART 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1783-0751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIron is an essential growth factor for bacteria, but although highly abundant in nature, its bioavailability during infection in the human host or the environment is limited. Therefore, bacteria produce and secrete siderophores to ensure their supply of iron. The triscatecholate siderophore enterobactin and its glycosylated derivatives, the salmochelins, play a crucial role for iron acquisition in several bacteria. As these compounds can serve as carrier molecules for the design of antimicrobial siderophore drug conjugates as well as siderophore-derived tool compounds for the detection of infections with bacteria, their synthesis and the design of artificial analogues is of interest. In this review, we give an overview on the synthesis of enterobactin, biomimetic as well as totally artificial analogues, and related drug-conjugates covering up to 12/2021.1 Introduction2 Antibiotic Crisis and Sideromycins as Natural Templates for New Antimicrobial Drugs3 Biosynthesis of Enterobactin, Salmochelins, and Microcins4 Total Synthesis of Enterobactin and Salmochelins5 Chemoenzymatic Semi-synthesis of Salmochelins and Microcin E492m Derivatives6 Synthesis of Biomimetic Enterobactin Derivatives with Natural Tris-lactone Backbone7 Synthesis of Artificial Enterobactin Derivatives without Tris-lactone Backbone8 Conclusions
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Klahn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig
- Department for Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg
| | - Robert Zscherp
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig
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17
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Sharma S, Baral M, Kanungo BK. Recent advances in therapeutical applications of the versatile hydroxypyridinone chelators. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-021-01114-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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18
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Hydroxypyridinones as a Very Promising Platform for Targeted Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226997
expr 973886017 + 973118332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypyridinones (HOPOs) have been used in the chelation therapy of iron and actinide metals. Their application in metal-based radiopharmaceuticals has also been increasing in recent years. This review article focuses on how multidentate HOPOs can be used in targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The general structure of radiometal-based targeted radiopharmaceuticals, a brief description of siderophores, the basic structure and properties of bidentate HOPO, some representative HOPO multidentate chelating agents, radiopharmaceuticals based on HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators for gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89, as well as the future prospects of HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators in other metal-based radiopharmaceuticals are described and discussed in turn. The HOPO metal-based radiopharmaceuticals that have shown good prospects in clinical and preclinical studies are gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89 radiopharmaceuticals. We expect HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators to be a very promising platform for building novel targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.
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19
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Zhou X, Dong L, Shen L. Hydroxypyridinones as a Very Promising Platform for Targeted Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2021; 26:6997. [PMID: 34834087 PMCID: PMC8619595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226997&set/a 916769719+956065658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypyridinones (HOPOs) have been used in the chelation therapy of iron and actinide metals. Their application in metal-based radiopharmaceuticals has also been increasing in recent years. This review article focuses on how multidentate HOPOs can be used in targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The general structure of radiometal-based targeted radiopharmaceuticals, a brief description of siderophores, the basic structure and properties of bidentate HOPO, some representative HOPO multidentate chelating agents, radiopharmaceuticals based on HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators for gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89, as well as the future prospects of HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators in other metal-based radiopharmaceuticals are described and discussed in turn. The HOPO metal-based radiopharmaceuticals that have shown good prospects in clinical and preclinical studies are gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89 radiopharmaceuticals. We expect HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators to be a very promising platform for building novel targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- HTA Co., Ltd., Beijing 102413, China;
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Linlin Dong
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Langtao Shen
- HTA Co., Ltd., Beijing 102413, China;
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
- National Isotope Center of Engineering and Technology, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
- Correspondence:
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20
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Zhou X, Dong L, Shen L. Hydroxypyridinones as a Very Promising Platform for Targeted Diagnostic and Therapeutic Radiopharmaceuticals. Molecules 2021; 26:6997. [PMID: 34834087 PMCID: PMC8619595 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxypyridinones (HOPOs) have been used in the chelation therapy of iron and actinide metals. Their application in metal-based radiopharmaceuticals has also been increasing in recent years. This review article focuses on how multidentate HOPOs can be used in targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. The general structure of radiometal-based targeted radiopharmaceuticals, a brief description of siderophores, the basic structure and properties of bidentate HOPO, some representative HOPO multidentate chelating agents, radiopharmaceuticals based on HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators for gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89, as well as the future prospects of HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators in other metal-based radiopharmaceuticals are described and discussed in turn. The HOPO metal-based radiopharmaceuticals that have shown good prospects in clinical and preclinical studies are gallium-68, thorium-227 and zirconium-89 radiopharmaceuticals. We expect HOPO multidentate bifunctional chelators to be a very promising platform for building novel targeted radiometal-based diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- HTA Co., Ltd., Beijing 102413, China;
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Linlin Dong
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
| | - Langtao Shen
- HTA Co., Ltd., Beijing 102413, China;
- China Isotope & Radiation Corporation, Beijing 100089, China;
- National Isotope Center of Engineering and Technology, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China
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21
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Hruby M, Martínez IIS, Stephan H, Pouckova P, Benes J, Stepanek P. Chelators for Treatment of Iron and Copper Overload: Shift from Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds to Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3969. [PMID: 34833268 PMCID: PMC8618197 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and copper are essential micronutrients needed for the proper function of every cell. However, in excessive amounts, these elements are toxic, as they may cause oxidative stress, resulting in damage to the liver and other organs. This may happen due to poisoning, as a side effect of thalassemia infusion therapy or due to hereditary diseases hemochromatosis or Wilson's disease. The current golden standard of therapy of iron and copper overload is the use of low-molecular-weight chelators of these elements. However, these agents suffer from severe side effects, are often expensive and possess unfavorable pharmacokinetics, thus limiting the usability of such therapy. The emerging concepts are polymer-supported iron- and copper-chelating therapeutics, either for parenteral or oral use, which shows vivid potential to keep the therapeutic efficacy of low-molecular-weight agents, while avoiding their drawbacks, especially their side effects. Critical evaluation of this new perspective polymer approach is the purpose of this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Hruby
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Irma Ivette Santana Martínez
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (I.I.S.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Holger Stephan
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research Bautzner Landstraße 400, 01328 Dresden, Germany; (I.I.S.M.); (H.S.)
| | - Pavla Pouckova
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Jiri Benes
- Institute of Biophysics and Informatics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Salmovska 1, 120 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (P.P.); (J.B.)
| | - Petr Stepanek
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Heyrovského Náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic;
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22
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Wijesinghe TP, Dharmasivam M, Dai CC, Richardson DR. Innovative therapies for neuroblastoma: The surprisingly potent role of iron chelation in up-regulating metastasis and tumor suppressors and down-regulating the key oncogene, N-myc. Pharmacol Res 2021; 173:105889. [PMID: 34536548 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Iron is an indispensable requirement for essential biological processes in cancer cells. Due to the greater proliferation of neoplastic cells, their demand for iron is considerably higher relative to normal cells, making them highly susceptible to iron depletion. Understanding this sensitive relationship led to research exploring the effect of iron chelation therapy for cancer treatment. The classical iron-binding ligand, desferrioxamine (DFO), has demonstrated effective anti-proliferative activity against many cancer-types, particularly neuroblastoma tumors, and has the surprising activity of down-regulating the potent oncogene, N-myc, which is a major oncogenic driver in neuroblastoma. Even more significant is the ability of DFO to simultaneously up-regulate the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream-regulated gene-1 (NDRG1), which plays a plethora of roles in suppressing a variety of oncogenic signaling pathways. However, DFO suffers the disadvantage of demonstrating poor membrane permeability and short plasma half-life, requiring administration by prolonged subcutaneous or intravenous infusions. Considering this, the specifically designed di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone (DpT) series of metal-binding ligands was developed in our laboratory. The lead agent from the first generation DpT series, di-2-pyridylketone-4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), showed exceptional anti-cancer properties compared to DFO. However, it exhibited cardiotoxicity in mouse models at higher dosages. Therefore, a second generation of agents was developed with the lead compound being di-2-pyridylketone-4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC) that progressed to Phase I clinical trials. Importantly, DpC showed better anti-proliferative activity than Dp44mT and no cardiotoxicity, demonstrating effective anti-cancer activity against neuroblastoma tumors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tharushi P Wijesinghe
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Mahendiran Dharmasivam
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Charles C Dai
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia
| | - Des R Richardson
- Centre for Cancer Cell Biology and Drug Discovery, Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Brisbane, Queensland 4111, Australia; Department of Pathology and Biological Responses, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
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23
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Redox-Active Metal Ions and Amyloid-Degrading Enzymes in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147697. [PMID: 34299316 PMCID: PMC8307724 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox-active metal ions, Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), are essential biological molecules for the normal functioning of the brain, including oxidative metabolism, synaptic plasticity, myelination, and generation of neurotransmitters. Dyshomeostasis of these redox-active metal ions in the brain could cause Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, regulating the levels of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) is necessary for normal brain function. To control the amounts of metal ions in the brain and understand the involvement of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III) in the pathogenesis of AD, many chemical agents have been developed. In addition, since toxic aggregates of amyloid-β (Aβ) have been proposed as one of the major causes of the disease, the mechanism of clearing Aβ is also required to be investigated to reveal the etiology of AD clearly. Multiple metalloenzymes (e.g., neprilysin, insulin-degrading enzyme, and ADAM10) have been reported to have an important role in the degradation of Aβ in the brain. These amyloid degrading enzymes (ADE) could interact with redox-active metal ions and affect the pathogenesis of AD. In this review, we introduce and summarize the roles, distributions, and transportations of Cu(I/II) and Fe(II/III), along with previously invented chelators, and the structures and functions of ADE in the brain, as well as their interrelationships.
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24
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Suner SS, Sahiner M, Mohapatra S, Ayyala RS, Bhethanabotla VR, Sahiner N. Degradable poly(catechin) nanoparticles as a versatile therapeutic agent. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2021.1941957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selin S. Suner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Mehtap Sahiner
- Department of Fashion Design, Canakkale Applied Science, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Subhra Mohapatra
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Ramesh S. Ayyala
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Eye Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Venkat R. Bhethanabotla
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
| | - Nurettin Sahiner
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences & Arts, and Nanoscience and Technology Research and Application Center (NANORAC), Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida Eye Institute, Tampa, Florida, USA
- Department of Chemical, Biological, and Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA
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Sepand MR, Maghsoudi AS, Shadboorestan A, Mirnia K, Aghsami M, Raoufi M. Cigarette smoke-induced toxicity consequences of intracellular iron dysregulation and ferroptosis. Life Sci 2021; 281:119799. [PMID: 34229007 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite numerous studies on the mechanisms of cigarette smoking toxicity over the past three decades, some aspects remain obscure. Recent developments have drawn attention to some hopeful indicators that allow us to advance our awareness of cigarette-induced cell death. Ferroptosis is considered a type of governed death of cells distinguished by the iron-dependent lipid hydroperoxide deposition to fatal concentrations. Ferroptosis has been linked with pathological settings such as neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, heart attack, hemorrhagic stroke, traumatic brain injury, ischemia-reperfusion injury, and renal dysfunction. This review tries to explain the causal role of ferroptosis cascade in cigarette smoke-mediated toxicity and cell death, highlighting associations on potential action mechanisms and proposing suggestions for its detoxifying and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Sepand
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Armin Salek Maghsoudi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Shadboorestan
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kayvan Mirnia
- Department of Neonatology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Aghsami
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Raoufi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran; Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry (Cμ), University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
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26
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Nutritional immunity: the impact of metals on lung immune cells and the airway microbiome during chronic respiratory disease. Respir Res 2021; 22:133. [PMID: 33926483 PMCID: PMC8082489 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutritional immunity is the sequestration of bioavailable trace metals such as iron, zinc and copper by the host to limit pathogenicity by invading microorganisms. As one of the most conserved activities of the innate immune system, limiting the availability of free trace metals by cells of the immune system serves not only to conceal these vital nutrients from invading bacteria but also operates to tightly regulate host immune cell responses and function. In the setting of chronic lung disease, the regulation of trace metals by the host is often disrupted, leading to the altered availability of these nutrients to commensal and invading opportunistic pathogenic microbes. Similarly, alterations in the uptake, secretion, turnover and redox activity of these vitally important metals has significant repercussions for immune cell function including the response to and resolution of infection. This review will discuss the intricate role of nutritional immunity in host immune cells of the lung and how changes in this fundamental process as a result of chronic lung disease may alter the airway microbiome, disease progression and the response to infection.
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Zhang Y, Pike A. Pyridones in drug discovery: Recent advances. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2021; 38:127849. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2021.127849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Holbein BE, Ang MTC, Allan DS, Chen W, Lehmann C. Iron-withdrawing anti-infectives for new host-directed therapies based on iron dependence, the Achilles' heel of antibiotic-resistant microbes. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2021; 19:2789-2808. [PMID: 33907538 PMCID: PMC8062846 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01242-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The iron dependence of antibiotic-resistant microbes represents an Achilles' heel that can be exploited broadly. The growing global problem of antibiotic resistance of microbial pathogens wherein microbes become resistant to the very antibiotics used against them during infection is linked not only to our health uses but also to agribusiness practices and the changing environment. Here we review mechanisms of microbial iron acquisition and host iron withdrawal defense, and the influence of iron withdrawal on the antimicrobial activity of antibiotics. Antibiotic-resistant microbes are unaltered in their iron requirements, but iron withdrawal from microbes enhances the activities of various antibiotics and importantly suppresses outgrowth of antibiotic-exposed resistant microbial survivors. Of the three therapeutic approaches available to exploit microbial iron susceptibility, including (1) use of gallium as a non-functional iron analogue, (2) Trojan horse conjugates of microbial siderophores carrying antibiotics, and (3) new generation iron chelators, purposely designed as anti-microbials, the latter offers various advantages. For instance, these novel anti-microbial chelators overcome the limitations of conventional clinically-used hematological chelators which display host toxicity and are not useful antimicrobials. 3-Hydroxypyridin-4-one-containing polymeric chelators appear to have the highest potential. DIBI (developmental code name) is a well-developed lead candidate, being a low molecular weight, water-soluble copolymer with enhanced iron binding characteristics, strong anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory activities, low toxicity for animals and demonstrated freedom from microbial resistance development. DIBI has been shown to enhance antibiotic efficacy for antibiotic-resistant microbes during infection, and it also prevents recovery growth and resistance development during microbe exposure to various antibiotics. Because DIBI bolsters innate iron withdrawal defenses of the infected host, it has potential to provide a host-directed anti-infective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce E. Holbein
- Chelation Partners Inc., #58, The Labs at Innovacorp, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1344 Summer Street, Halifax, NS B3H OA8 Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5859 College St., Halifax, NS B3H 1X5 Canada
| | - M. Trisha C. Ang
- Chelation Partners Inc., #58, The Labs at Innovacorp, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1344 Summer Street, Halifax, NS B3H OA8 Canada
| | - David S. Allan
- Chelation Partners Inc., #58, The Labs at Innovacorp, Life Sciences Research Institute, 1344 Summer Street, Halifax, NS B3H OA8 Canada
| | - Wangxue Chen
- Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, ON K1A 0R6 Canada
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, 5859 College St., Halifax, NS B3H 1X5 Canada
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS Canada
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29
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A combined molecular dynamics and quantum mechanics study on the interaction of Fe3+ and human serum albumin relevant to iron overload disease. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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30
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Özbolat G, Alizadeh Yegani A. Synthesis, characterization, biological activity and electrochemistry studies of iron(III) complex with curcumin-oxime ligand. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2020; 47:1834-1842. [PMID: 32497256 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Iron overload is a key target in drug development. This study aimed to investigate the coordination of Fe(III) ions with a curcumin-oxime ligand that may be used in the treatment of iron overload. The synthesis of the curcumin-oxime ligand and curcumin-oxime-Fe(III) complex was successfully made and characterized in its solid-state and solution-state using FT-IR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis, and 1 H-NMR. However, in this study, we investigated the apoptotic effects of the curcumin-oxime Fe (III) complex on SW480. SW480 cells were exposed to 99.2% medium for 48 hours. After 48 hours, the incubation period, cells were harvested by centrifugation and washed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and lysed in radio-immunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) buffer for 20 minutes and supernatants were taken and pellets were discarded. ELISA test was used to examine the expression, and activity of cleaved caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 proteins in SW480 cells. ELISA test results indicated that the activities of apoptotic proteins Bax, caspase 3 and Bcl-2 in human SW480 cell lines significantly increased in 48 hours treatment. Also, the activity of Bcl-2 was observed to decrease significantly. Catalase activities of the complex were investigated. The findings showed that the complex has a catalase activity. The findings suggest that this type of complex may constitute a new and interesting basis for the future search of new and more potent drugs. The SOD activity of the result showed that the complexes possessed a considerable SOD activity with an IC50 value of 7.685 µM. Also, when compared with the control, a complex increased the SOD levels (P < .05). Electrochemistry studies in the literature have shown that the Fe3+ /Fe2+ couple redox process occurs in low potential. This value is within the range of compounds that are expected to show superoxide dismutase activity. The Ipc /Ipa shows that one electron transport takes place in the complex. Our results suggest that curcumin-oxime may represent a new approach in the treatment of iron overload.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arash Alizadeh Yegani
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
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31
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Quiles JL, Sánchez-González C, Vera-Ramírez L, Giampieri F, Navarro-Hortal MD, Xiao J, Llopis J, Battino M, Varela-López A. Reductive Stress, Bioactive Compounds, Redox-Active Metals, and Dormant Tumor Cell Biology to Develop Redox-Based Tools for the Treatment of Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 33:860-881. [PMID: 32064905 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2020.8051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Cancer is related to redox biology from many points of view, such as initiation and promotion, metabolism and growth, invasion and metastasis, vascularization, or through the interaction with the immune system. In addition, this extremely complex relationship depends on the redox homeostasis of each cellular compartment, which might be used to fight cancer. Recent Advances: New ways of modulating specific and little explored aspects of redox biology have been revealed, as well as new delivery methods or uses of previously known treatments against cancer. Here, we review the latest experimental evidence regarding redox biology in cancer treatment and analyze its potential impact in the development of improved and more effective antineoplastic therapies. Critical Issues: A critical issue that deserves particular attention is the understanding that both extremes of redox biology (i.e., oxidative stress [OS] and reductive stress) might be useful or harmful in relation to cancer prevention and treatment. Future Directions: Additional research is needed to understand how to selectively induce reductive or OS adequately to avoid cancer proliferation or to induce cancer cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Quiles
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.,College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Cristina Sánchez-González
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Vera-Ramírez
- Department of Genomic Medicine, GENYO: Centre for Genomics and Oncology (Pfizer-University of Granada and Andalusian Regional Government), Granada, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- College of Food Science and Technology, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - M Dolores Navarro-Hortal
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Juan Llopis
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.,International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Nutrition and Food Science Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, CITACA, CACTI, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Alfonso Varela-López
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú", Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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32
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Jiang X, Zhou T, Bai R, Xie Y. Hydroxypyridinone-Based Iron Chelators with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities. J Med Chem 2020; 63:14470-14501. [PMID: 33023291 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron plays an essential role in all living cells because of its unique chemical properties. It is also the most abundant trace element in mammals. However, when iron is present in excess or inappropriately located, it becomes toxic. Excess iron can become involved in free radical formation, resulting in oxidative stress and cellular damage. Iron chelators are used to treat serious pathological disorders associated with systemic iron overload. Hydroxypyridinones stand out for their outstanding chelation properties, including high selectivity for Fe3+ in the biological environment, ease of derivatization, and good biocompatibility. Herein, we overview the potential for multifunctional hydroxypyridinone-based chelators to be used as therapeutic agents against a wide range of diseases associated either with systemic or local elevated iron levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, 310018, P.R. China
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P.R. China
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33
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Dettweiler M, Marquez L, Lin M, Sweeney-Jones AM, Chhetri BK, Zurawski DV, Kubanek J, Quave CL. Pentagalloyl glucose from Schinus terebinthifolia inhibits growth of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. Sci Rep 2020; 10:15340. [PMID: 32948818 PMCID: PMC7501240 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-72331-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance has necessitated a search for new antimicrobials with potent activity against multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens, such as carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). In this study, a library of botanical extracts generated from plants used to treat infections in traditional medicine was screened for growth inhibition of CRAB. A crude extract of Schinus terebinthifolia leaves exhibited 80% inhibition at 256 µg/mL and underwent bioassay-guided fractionation, leading to the isolation of pentagalloyl glucose (PGG), a bioactive gallotannin. PGG inhibited growth of both CRAB and susceptible A. baumannii (MIC 64-256 µg/mL), and also exhibited activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC 16 µg/mL) and Staphylococcus aureus (MIC 64 µg/mL). A mammalian cytotoxicity assay with human keratinocytes (HaCaTs) yielded an IC50 for PGG of 256 µg/mL. Mechanistic experiments revealed iron chelation as a possible mode of action for PGG's activity against CRAB. Passaging assays for resistance did not produce any resistant mutants over a period of 21 days. In conclusion, PGG exhibits antimicrobial activity against CRAB, but due to known pharmacological restrictions in delivery, translation as a therapeutic may be limited to topical applications such as wound rinses and dressings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micah Dettweiler
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Lewis Marquez
- Molecular and Systems Pharmacology Program, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Michelle Lin
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anne M Sweeney-Jones
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Bhuwan Khatri Chhetri
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daniel V Zurawski
- Wound Infections Department, Bacterial Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Julia Kubanek
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Center for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Cassandra L Quave
- Department of Dermatology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Center for the Study of Human Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Emory University Herbarium, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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34
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Design and evaluation of bi-functional iron chelators for protection of dopaminergic neurons from toxicants. Arch Toxicol 2020; 94:3105-3123. [PMID: 32607613 PMCID: PMC7415766 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-020-02826-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While the etiology of non-familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains unclear, there is evidence that increased levels of tissue iron may be a contributing factor. Moreover, exposure to some environmental toxicants is considered an additional risk factor. Therefore, brain-targeted iron chelators are of interest as antidotes for poisoning with dopaminergic toxicants, and as potential treatment of PD. We, therefore, designed a series of small molecules with high affinity for ferric iron and containing structural elements to allow their transport to the brain via the neutral amino acid transporter, LAT1 (SLC7A5). Five candidate molecules were synthesized and initially characterized for protection from ferroptosis in human neurons. The promising hydroxypyridinone SK4 was characterized further. Selective iron chelation within the physiological range of pH values and uptake by LAT1 were confirmed. Concentrations of 10–20 µM blocked neurite loss and cell demise triggered by the parkinsonian neurotoxicants, methyl-phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in human dopaminergic neuronal cultures (LUHMES cells). Rescue was also observed when chelators were given after the toxicant. SK4 derivatives that either lacked LAT1 affinity or had reduced iron chelation potency showed altered activity in our assay panel, as expected. Thus, an iron chelator was developed that revealed neuroprotective properties, as assessed in several models. The data strongly support the role of iron in dopaminergic neurotoxicity and suggests further exploration of the proposed design strategy for improving brain iron chelation.
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35
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Reelfs O, Abbate V, Cilibrizzi A, Pook MA, Hider RC, Pourzand C. The role of mitochondrial labile iron in Friedreich's ataxia skin fibroblasts sensitivity to ultraviolet A. Metallomics 2020; 11:656-665. [PMID: 30778428 PMCID: PMC6438355 DOI: 10.1039/c8mt00257f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial labile iron (LI) is a major contributor to the susceptibility of skin fibroblasts to ultraviolet A (UVA)-induced oxidative damage leading to necrotic cell death via ATP depletion. Mitochondria iron overload is a key feature of the neurodegenerative disease Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA). Here we show that cultured primary skin fibroblasts from FRDA patients are 4 to 10-fold more sensitive to UVA-induced death than their healthy counterparts. We demonstrate that FRDA cells display higher levels of mitochondrial LI (up to 6-fold on average compared to healthy counterparts) and show higher increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation after UVA irradiation (up to 2-fold on average), consistent with their differential sensitivity to UVA. Pre-treatment of the FRDA cells with a bespoke mitochondrial iron chelator fully abrogates the UVA-mediated cell death and reduces UVA-induced damage to mitochondrial membrane and the resulting ATP depletion by a factor of 2. Our results reveal a link between FRDA as a disease of mitochondrial iron overload and sensitivity to UVA of skin fibroblasts. Our findings suggest that the high levels of mitochondrial LI in FRDA cells which contribute to high levels of mitochondrial ROS production after UVA irradiation are likely to play a crucial role in the marked sensitivity of these cells to UVA-induced oxidative damage. This study may have implications not only for FRDA but also for other diseases of mitochondrial iron overload, with the view to develop topical mitochondria-targeted iron chelators as skin photoprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivier Reelfs
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, UK.
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36
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Jiang X, Guo J, Lv Y, Yao C, Zhang C, Mi Z, Shi Y, Gu J, Zhou T, Bai R, Xie Y. Rational design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel multitargeting anti-AD iron chelators with potent MAO-B inhibitory and antioxidant activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2020; 28:115550. [PMID: 32503694 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2020.115550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of (3-hydroxypyridin-4-one)-coumarin hybrids were developed and investigated as potential multitargeting candidates for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through the incorporation of iron-chelating and monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibition. This combination endowed the hybrids with good capacity to inhibit MAO-B as well as excellent iron-chelating effects. The pFe3+ values of the compounds were ranging from 16.91 to 20.16, comparable to more potent than the reference drug deferiprone (DFP). Among them, compound 18d exhibited the most promising activity against MAO-B, with an IC50 value of 87.9 nM. Moreover, compound 18d exerted favorable antioxidant activity, significantly reversed the amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) induced PC12 cell damage. More importantly, 18d remarkably ameliorated the cognitive dysfunction in a scopolamine-induced mice AD model. In brief, a series of hybrids with potential anti-AD effect were successfully obtained, indicating that the design of iron chelators with MAO-B inhibitory and antioxidant activities is an attractive strategy against AD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Jiang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Jianan Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yangjing Lv
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Chuansheng Yao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Changjun Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhisheng Mi
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Yuan Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Jinping Gu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China
| | - Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, PR China
| | - Renren Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, PR China; College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
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37
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Rashed RR, Deghiedy NM, El-Hazek RM, El-Sabbagh WA, Rashed ER, El-Ghazaly MA. Effectiveness of deferiprone-loaded nanocarrier in experimentally induced rhabdomyolysis: A dose-comparison study. Bioorg Chem 2020; 100:103913. [PMID: 32413633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.103913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, the efficacy of free deferiprone (DFP) and DFP-loaded starch/polyethylene glycol/polyacrylic acid (St/PEG/PAAc) nanogel [Nano-DFP] in modulating the biochemical changes induced by glycerol model of rhabdomyolysis (RBD) in male rats was investigated. In this respect, gamma radiation-induced crosslinking was used to produce St/PEG/PAAc nanogel particles, and then, it was used as a nanocarrier for DFP as an attempt to overcome the poor bioavailability and short half-life of DFP. St/PEG/PAAc nanogel was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, dynamic light scattering and Transmission electron microscopy. Free DFP was administered to rats in two doses; 25 and 50 mg following RBD induction, while the loaded nanogel was administered at a dose of 25 mg. The liver and kidney functions were then fully assessed in association with the histological tissue examination of both organs and the femur muscle. Both doses of DFP significantly antagonized the RBD-induced changes in most of the assessed organs functions. The higher dose of DFP, however, showed a statistically more pronounced modulation of RBD effects on each of kidney, liver and skeletal muscles. Nano-DFP; at 25 mg dose, resulted in a statistically significant correction of most of the RBD-related biomarkers with a comparable magnitude to the higher DFP dose rather than the corresponding lower one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Refaat Rashed
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Noha Mohammed Deghiedy
- Department of Polymers Chemistry, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Rania M El-Hazek
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Walaa A El-Sabbagh
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Engy Refaat Rashed
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt.
| | - Mona A El-Ghazaly
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
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38
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Kaviani S, Izadyar M, Housaindokht MR. A DFT study on the metal ion selectivity of deferiprone complexes. Comput Biol Chem 2020; 86:107267. [PMID: 32470911 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2020.107267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, systematic density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to study the interactions of various metal ions (Al3+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) and the clinically useful chelating agent called deferiprone (DFP) at the M05-2X/6-31G(d) level of theory. The thermodynamic parameters of metal-deferiprone complexes were determined in water. Based on the obtained data, the theoretical binding energy trend is as follows: Al3+ > Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Ni2+ > Co2+ > Zn2+, confirming that [Al(DFP)3] has the most interaction energy. Moreover, Natural bond orbital analysis was employed to determine and analyze the natural charges on different atoms and charge transfer between the metal ions and ligands (oxygen atoms) as well as the interaction energy (E(2)) values. The calculated value of ƩE(2) (donor-acceptor interaction energy) for [Al(DFP)3] complex is higher than other complexes, which is according to energy analysis. To confirm the type of effective interactions and bonding properties in the water, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) analysis was applied. QTAIM analysis confirmed that the strongest M - O bond is found in the [Al(DFP)3] complex. The calculated topological properties at the bond critical points, such as the ratio of the kinetic energy density to the potential energy density, -G(r)/V(r), electronic energy density, H(r), confirm that M - O bonds in the Al-deferiprone complex are non-covalent, while in other complexes, they are electrostatic and partially covalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Kaviani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Izadyar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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39
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Chen W, Yuan X, Li Z, Lu Z, Kong S, Jiang H, Du H, Pan X, Nandi M, Kong X, Brown K, Liu Z, Zhang G, Hider RC, Yu Y. CN128: A New Orally Active Hydroxypyridinone Iron Chelator. J Med Chem 2020; 63:4215-4226. [PMID: 32208614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Deferoxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox are used for the treatment of systemic iron overload, although they possess limitations due to lack of oral activity, lower efficacy, and side effects. These limitations led to a search for an orally active iron chelator with an improved therapeutic index. The lower efficacy of deferiprone is due to rapid glucuronidation, leading to the formation of a nonchelating metabolite. Here, we demonstrate that the influence of metabolism can be reduced by introducing a sacrificial site for glucuronidation. A log P-guided investigation of 20 hydroxpyridinones led to the identification of CN128. The Fe(III) affinity and metal selectivity of CN128 are similar to those of deferiprone, the log P value is more lipophilic, and its iron scavenging ability is superior. Overall, CN128 was demonstrated to be safe in a range of toxicity assessments and is now in clinical trials for the treatment of β-thalassemia after regular blood transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenteng Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xin Yuan
- Hangzhou Zede Pharma-Tech Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zidong Lu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, UK
| | - Sisi Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huidi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Houbing Du
- Suzhou Xishan Zhongke Drug R&D Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215104, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiuhong Pan
- Suzhou Xishan Zhongke Drug R&D Co. Ltd., Suzhou 215104, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Manasi Nandi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, UK
| | - Xiaole Kong
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, UK
| | - Kathryn Brown
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, UK
| | - Zudong Liu
- Hangzhou Zede Pharma-Tech Co. Ltd., Hangzhou 311121, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Guolin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Robert C Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Franklin-Wilkins Building, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, SE1 9NH London, UK
| | - Yongping Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
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40
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Mravljak J, Jakopin Ž. Iron-Binding and Anti-Fenton Properties of Novel Amino Acid-Derived Cyclic Imide Dioximes. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:E473. [PMID: 31614461 PMCID: PMC6826749 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8100473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We present a novel route for the preparation of amino acid-derived cyclic imide dioxime derivatives. Readily accessible amino acids were conveniently converted to their corresponding cyclic imide dioximes in simple synthetic steps. The aim of this work was to describe and compare the iron-chelating and antioxidant properties of synthesized compounds in relation to their molecular structure, and in particular, which of those features are essential for iron(II)-chelating ability. The glutarimide dioxime moiety has been established as an iron(II)-binding motif and imparts potent anti-Fenton properties to the compounds. Compound 3 was shown to strongly suppress hydroxyl radical formation by preventing iron cycling via Fe-complexation. These findings provide insights into the structural requirements for achieving anti-Fenton activity and highlight the potential use of glutarimide dioximes as antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janez Mravljak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Žiga Jakopin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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41
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Gascon JM, Oliveri V, McGown A, Kaya E, Chen Y, Austin C, Walker M, Platt FM, Vecchio G, Spencer J. Synthesis and Study of Multifunctional Cyclodextrin-Deferasirox Hybrids. ChemMedChem 2019; 14:1484-1492. [PMID: 31162826 PMCID: PMC6771688 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201900334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Metal dyshomeostasis is central to a number of disorders that result from, inter alia, oxidative stress, protein misfolding, and cholesterol dyshomeostasis. In this respect, metal deficiencies are usually readily corrected by treatment with supplements, whereas metal overload can be overcome by the use of metal-selective chelation therapy. Deferasirox, 4-[(3Z,5E)-3,5-bis(6-oxo-1-cyclohexa-2,4-dienylidene)-1,2,4-triazolidin-1-yl]benzoic acid, Exjade, or ICL670, is used clinically to treat hemosiderosis (iron overload), which often results from multiple blood transfusions. Cyclodextrins are cyclic glucose units that are extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry as formulating agents as well as for encapsulating hydrophobic molecules such as in the treatment of Niemann-Pick type C or for hypervitaminosis. We conjugated deferasirox, via an amide coupling reaction, to both 6A -amino-6A -deoxy-β-cyclodextrin and 3A -amino-3A -deoxy-2A (S),3A (S)-β-cyclodextrin, at the upper and lower rim, respectively, creating hybrid molecules with dual properties, capable of both metal chelation and cholesterol encapsulation. Our findings emphasize the importance of the conjugation of β-cyclodextrin with deferasirox to significantly improve the biological properties and to decrease the cytotoxicity of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Miguel Gascon
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of SussexFalmerBrightonEast SussexBN1 9QJUK
| | - Valentina Oliveri
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of SussexFalmerBrightonEast SussexBN1 9QJUK
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheUniversità degli Studi di CataniaViale A. Doria 695125CataniaItaly
| | - Andrew McGown
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of SussexFalmerBrightonEast SussexBN1 9QJUK
| | - Ecem Kaya
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3QTUK
| | - Yu‐Lin Chen
- Pharmaceutical ScienceKing's College LondonFranklin Wilkins BuildingLondonSE1 9NHUK
| | - Carol Austin
- Eurofins Selcia Drug DiscoveryFyfield Business & Research ParkFyfield Road, OngarEssexCM5 0GSUK
| | - Martin Walker
- Eurofins Selcia Drug DiscoveryFyfield Business & Research ParkFyfield Road, OngarEssexCM5 0GSUK
| | - Frances M. Platt
- Department of PharmacologyUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3QTUK
| | - Graziella Vecchio
- Dipartimento di Scienze ChimicheUniversità degli Studi di CataniaViale A. Doria 695125CataniaItaly
| | - John Spencer
- Department of ChemistrySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of SussexFalmerBrightonEast SussexBN1 9QJUK
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Hydrazones as novel epigenetic modulators: Correlation between TET 1 protein inhibition activity and their iron(II) binding ability. Bioorg Chem 2019; 88:102809. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Billings JL, Gordon SL, Rawling T, Doble PA, Bush AI, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Hare DJ. l
‐3,4‐dihydroxyphenylalanine (
l
‐DOPA) modulates brain iron, dopaminergic neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction in iron overload and mutant alpha‐synuclein mouse models of Parkinson's disease. J Neurochem 2019; 150:88-106. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L. Billings
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Sarah L. Gordon
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Tristan Rawling
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences Faculty of Science University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Philip A. Doble
- Elemental Bio‐imaging Facility University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
| | - Ashley I. Bush
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Paul A. Adlard
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - David I. Finkelstein
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
| | - Dominic J. Hare
- Melbourne Dementia Research Centre at The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health and The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
- Elemental Bio‐imaging Facility University of Technology Sydney Broadway New South Wales Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology The University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia
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Khodaverdian V, Tapadar S, MacDonald IA, Xu Y, Ho PY, Bridges A, Rajpurohit P, Sanghani BA, Fan Y, Thangaraju M, Hathaway NA, Oyelere AK. Deferiprone: Pan-selective Histone Lysine Demethylase Inhibition Activity and Structure Activity Relationship Study. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4802. [PMID: 30886160 PMCID: PMC6423038 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Deferiprone (DFP) is a hydroxypyridinone-derived iron chelator currently in clinical use for iron chelation therapy. DFP has also been known to elicit antiproliferative activities, yet the mechanism of this effect has remained elusive. We herein report that DFP chelates the Fe2+ ion at the active sites of selected iron-dependent histone lysine demethylases (KDMs), resulting in pan inhibition of a subfamily of KDMs. Specifically, DFP inhibits the demethylase activities of six KDMs - 2A, 2B, 5C, 6A, 7A and 7B - with low micromolar IC50s while considerably less active or inactive against eleven KDMs - 1A, 3A, 3B, 4A-E, 5A, 5B and 6B. The KDM that is most sensitive to DFP, KDM6A, has an IC50 that is between 7- and 70-fold lower than the iron binding equivalence concentrations at which DFP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) activities and/or reduces the labile intracellular zinc ion pool. In breast cancer cell lines, DFP potently inhibits the demethylation of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, two chromatin posttranslational marks that are subject to removal by several KDM subfamilies which are inhibited by DFP in cell-free assay. These data strongly suggest that DFP derives its anti-proliferative activity largely from the inhibition of a sub-set of KDMs. The docked poses adopted by DFP at the KDM active sites enabled identification of new DFP-based KDM inhibitors which are more cytotoxic to cancer cell lines. We also found that a cohort of these agents inhibited HP1-mediated gene silencing and one lead compound potently inhibited breast tumor growth in murine xenograft models. Overall, this study identified a new chemical scaffold capable of inhibiting KDM enzymes, globally changing histone modification profiles, and with specific anti-tumor activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verjine Khodaverdian
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Subhasish Tapadar
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Ian A MacDonald
- The University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Yuan Xu
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Po-Yi Ho
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Allison Bridges
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Pragya Rajpurohit
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, 30912, USA
| | - Bhakti A Sanghani
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | - Yuhong Fan
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel A Hathaway
- The University of North Carolina Eshelman School of Pharmacy, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
| | - Adegboyega K Oyelere
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA.
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0400, USA.
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45
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Moniz T, Cunha-Silva L, Mesquita RB, Miranda JL, Silva AM, Silva AM, Rangel AO, de Castro B, Rangel M. New hydrophilic 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinone chelators with ether-derived substituents: Synthesis and evaluation of analytical performance in the determination of iron in waters. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2018.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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46
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Zhang WZ, Butler JJ, Cloonan SM. Smoking-induced iron dysregulation in the lung. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 133:238-247. [PMID: 30075191 PMCID: PMC6355389 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 07/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Iron is one of the most abundant transition elements and is indispensable for almost all organisms. While the ability of iron to participate in redox chemistry is an essential requirement for participation in a range of vital enzymatic reactions, this same feature of iron also makes it dangerous in the generation of hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions. Given the high local oxygen tensions in the lung, the regulation of iron acquisition, utilization, and storage therefore becomes vitally important, perhaps more so than in any other biological system. Iron plays a critical role in the biology of essentially every cell type in the lung, and in particular, changes in iron levels have important ramifications on immune function and the local lung microenvironment. There is substantial evidence that cigarette smoke causes iron dysregulation, with the implication that iron may be the link between smoking and smoking-related lung diseases. A better understanding of the connection between cigarette smoke, iron, and respiratory diseases will help to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms and aid in the identification of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Z Zhang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA; Department of Medicine, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - James J Butler
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA
| | - Suzanne M Cloonan
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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47
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Mujika JI, Dalla Torre G, Lachowicz JI, Lopez X. In silico design of mimosine containing peptides as new efficient chelators of aluminum. RSC Adv 2019; 9:7688-7697. [PMID: 35521183 PMCID: PMC9061177 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10139f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of new and efficient chelators that can remove aluminium(iii), a metal with increasing recognition as a potential toxic agent, from biological systems is an area of high therapeutic relevance. In the present paper, we present an extensive computational study of a new promising type of these chelators based on mimosine containing peptides. The reason to choose mimosine is that the sidechain of this residue is similar to deferiprone, a ligand known to tightly interact with highly-valent metals, and in particular with Al(iii). In this article we analyze systematically, using a combination of methods that include QM/MM MD simulations, how the size and sequence of the polypeptides can alter the fundamental binding patterns to aluminum, in comparison with the binding to deferiprone. Particular attention is given towards the identification of the smallest peptide that interacts efficiently with aluminum, since polypeptide size is a fundamental factor to allow a given polypeptide to efficiently cross the cell membrane. The results indicate that the longest peptides, with 8 or 9 amino acids, show no difficulties interacting with Al(iii) in an optimum arrangement. By contrast, when the peptide contains five or six amino acids Al(iii) is pentacoordinated, reducing the stability of the resultant complex. In summary, our study demonstrates that the mimosine containing peptides can efficiently coordinate highly valent metals such as Al(iii), with a subtle dependence of the binding on the specific chain-lengths of the polypeptide. We believe that the present study sheds light on the adequacy of this new type of chelator towards aluminum binding. A novel chelator of aluminum is presented, a peptide containing three mimosine residues.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- J. I. Mujika
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
| | - G. Dalla Torre
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
| | - J. I. Lachowicz
- University of Cagliari
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences
- Cittadella Universitaria
- Monserrato
- Italy
| | - X. Lopez
- Kimika Fakultatea
- Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea UPV/EHU
- Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC)
- 20080 Donostia
- Spain
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48
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Zhou T, Kong XL, Hider RC. Synthesis and iron chelating properties of hydroxypyridinone and hydroxypyranone hexadentate ligands. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3459-3466. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05014g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Chelation therapy has become an important therapeutic approach for some diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology
- Zhejiang Gongshang University
- Hangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Le Kong
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- King's College London
- London
- UK
| | - Robert C Hider
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- King's College London
- London
- UK
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49
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Gaur K, Vázquez-Salgado A, Duran-Camacho G, Dominguez-Martinez I, Benjamín-Rivera J, Fernández-Vega L, Carmona Sarabia L, Cruz García A, Pérez-Deliz F, Méndez Román J, Vega-Cartagena M, Loza-Rosas S, Rodriguez Acevedo X, Tinoco A. Iron and Copper Intracellular Chelation as an Anticancer Drug Strategy. INORGANICS 2018. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/inorganics6040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A very promising direction in the development of anticancer drugs is inhibiting the molecular pathways that keep cancer cells alive and able to metastasize. Copper and iron are two essential metals that play significant roles in the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and several chelators have been studied to suppress the bioavailability of these metals in the cells. This review discusses the major contributions that Cu and Fe play in the progression and spreading of cancer and evaluates select Cu and Fe chelators that demonstrate great promise as anticancer drugs. Efforts to improve the cellular delivery, efficacy, and tumor responsiveness of these chelators are also presented including a transmetallation strategy for dual targeting of Cu and Fe. To elucidate the effectiveness and specificity of Cu and Fe chelators for treating cancer, analytical tools are described for measuring Cu and Fe levels and for tracking the metals in cells, tissue, and the body.
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50
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Gaur K, Vázquez-Salgado AM, Duran-Camacho G, Dominguez-Martinez I, Benjamín-Rivera JA, Fernández-Vega L, Sarabia LC, García AC, Pérez-Deliz F, Méndez Román JA, Vega-Cartagena M, Loza-Rosas SA, Acevedo XR, Tinoco AD. Iron and Copper Intracellular Chelation as an Anticancer Drug Strategy. INORGANICS 2018; 6:126. [PMID: 33912613 PMCID: PMC8078164 DOI: 10.3390/inorganics6040126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A very promising direction in the development of anticancer drugs is inhibiting the molecular pathways that keep cancer cells alive and able to metastasize. Copper and iron are two essential metals that play significant roles in the rapid proliferation of cancer cells and several chelators have been studied to suppress the bioavailability of these metals in the cells. This review discusses the major contributions that Cu and Fe play in the progression and spreading of cancer and evaluates select Cu and Fe chelators that demonstrate great promise as anticancer drugs. Efforts to improve the cellular delivery, efficacy, and tumor responsiveness of these chelators are also presented including a transmetallation strategy for dual targeting of Cu and Fe. To elucidate the effectiveness and specificity of Cu and Fe chelators for treating cancer, analytical tools are described for measuring Cu and Fe levels and for tracking the metals in cells, tissue, and the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Gaur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Geraldo Duran-Camacho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Josué A Benjamín-Rivera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Lauren Fernández-Vega
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Lesly Carmona Sarabia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Angelys Cruz García
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Felipe Pérez-Deliz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - José A Méndez Román
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Melissa Vega-Cartagena
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | - Sergio A Loza-Rosas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
| | | | - Arthur D Tinoco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras Campus, Río Piedras, PR 00931, USA
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