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Duran P, Yang BA, Plaster E, Eiken M, Loebel C, Aguilar CA. Tracking of Nascent Matrix Deposition during Muscle Stem Cell Activation across Lifespan Using Engineered Hydrogels. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2400091. [PMID: 38616175 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202400091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Adult stem cells occupy a niche that contributes to their function, but how stem cells rebuild their microenvironment after injury remains an open-ended question. Herein, biomaterial-based systems and metabolic labeling are utilized to evaluate how skeletal muscle stem cells deposit extracellular matrix. Muscle stem cells and committed myoblasts are observed to generate less nascent matrix than muscle resident fibro-adipogenic progenitors. When cultured on substrates that matched the stiffness of physiological uninjured and injured muscles, muscle stem cells increased nascent matrix deposition with activation kinetics. Reducing the ability to deposit nascent matrix by an inhibitor of vesicle trafficking (Exo-1) attenuated muscle stem cell function and mimicked impairments observed from muscle stem cells isolated from old muscles. Old muscle stem cells are observed to deposit less nascent matrix than young muscle stem cells, which is rescued with therapeutic supplementation of insulin-like growth factors. These results highlight the role of nascent matrix production with muscle stem cell activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Duran
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin A Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eleanor Plaster
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Madeline Eiken
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Claudia Loebel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Carlos A Aguilar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Duran P, Yang BA, Plaster E, Eiken M, Loebel C, Aguilar CA. Quantification of local matrix deposition during muscle stem cell activation using engineered hydrogels. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.20.576326. [PMID: 38328131 PMCID: PMC10849481 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.20.576326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Adult stem cells occupy a niche that contributes to their function, but how stem cells remodel their microenvironment remains an open-ended question. Herein, biomaterials-based systems and metabolic labeling were utilized to evaluate how skeletal muscle stem cells deposit extracellular matrix. Muscle stem cells and committed myoblasts were observed to generate less nascent matrix than muscle resident fibro-adipogenic progenitors. When cultured on substrates that matched the stiffness of physiological uninjured and injured muscles, the increased nascent matrix deposition was associated with stem cell activation. Reducing the ability to deposit nascent matrix in muscle stem cells attenuated function and mimicked impairments observed from muscle stem cells isolated from old aged muscles, which could be rescued with therapeutic supplementation of insulin-like growth factors. These results highlight how nascent matrix production is critical for maintaining healthy stem cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Duran
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Benjamin A. Yang
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Eleanor Plaster
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Madeline Eiken
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Claudia Loebel
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Dept. of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Carlos A. Aguilar
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- BioInterfaces Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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3
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Chen W, Perkins TJ, Rudnicki MA. Quantification of Muscle Satellite Stem Cell Divisions by High-Content Analysis. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2587:537-553. [PMID: 36401049 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2772-3_29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
High-content screening is commonly performed on 2D cultured cells, which is high throughput but has low biological relevance. In contrast, single myofiber culture assay preserves the satellite cell niche between the basal lamina and sarcolemma and consequently has high biological relevance but is low throughput. We describe here a high-content screening method that utilizes single myofiber culture that addresses the caveats of both techniques. Our method utilizes the transgenic reporter allele Myf5-Cre:R26R-eYFP to differentiate stem and committed cells within a dividing couplet that can be quantified by high-content throughput immunodetection and bioinformatic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Chen
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Theodore J Perkins
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Michael A Rudnicki
- Sprott Center for Stem Cell Research, Regenerative Medicine Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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4
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Soheilmoghaddam F, Rumble M, Cooper-White J. High-Throughput Routes to Biomaterials Discovery. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10792-10864. [PMID: 34213880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Many existing clinical treatments are limited in their ability to completely restore decreased or lost tissue and organ function, an unenviable situation only further exacerbated by a globally aging population. As a result, the demand for new medical interventions has increased substantially over the past 20 years, with the burgeoning fields of gene therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine showing promise to offer solutions for full repair or replacement of damaged or aging tissues. Success in these fields, however, inherently relies on biomaterials that are engendered with the ability to provide the necessary biological cues mimicking native extracellular matrixes that support cell fate. Accelerating the development of such "directive" biomaterials requires a shift in current design practices toward those that enable rapid synthesis and characterization of polymeric materials and the coupling of these processes with techniques that enable similarly rapid quantification and optimization of the interactions between these new material systems and target cells and tissues. This manuscript reviews recent advances in combinatorial and high-throughput (HT) technologies applied to polymeric biomaterial synthesis, fabrication, and chemical, physical, and biological screening with targeted end-point applications in the fields of gene therapy, tissue engineering, and regenerative medicine. Limitations of, and future opportunities for, the further application of these research tools and methodologies are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Soheilmoghaddam
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
| | - Madeleine Rumble
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
| | - Justin Cooper-White
- Tissue Engineering and Microfluidics Laboratory (TEaM), Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN), University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072.,School of Chemical Engineering, University Of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia 4072
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Das A, Adhikary S, Chowdhury AR, Barui A. Substrate-dependent control of the chiral orientation of mesenchymal stem cells: image-based quantitative profiling. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:034102. [PMID: 33657017 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abce4e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Stem-cell (SC) chirality or left-right (LR) asymmetry is an essential attribute, observed during tissue regeneration. The ability to control the LR orientation of cells by biophysical manipulation is a promising approach for recapitulating their inherent function. Despite remarkable progress in tissue engineering, the development of LR chirality in SCs has been largely unexplored. Here, we demonstrate the role of substrate stiffness on the LR asymmetry of cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We found that MSCs acquired higher asymmetricity when cultured on stiffer PCL/collagen matrices. To confirm cellular asymmetry, different parameters such as the aspect ratio, orientation angle and intensity of polarized proteins (Par) were investigated. The results showed a significant (p < 0.01) difference in the average orientation angle, the cellular aspect ratio, and the expression of actin and Par proteins in MSCs cultured on matrices with different stiffnesses. Furthermore, a Gaussian support-vector machine was applied to classify cells cultured on both (2% and 10% PCL/Collagen) matrices, with a resulting accuracy of 96.2%. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first that interrelates and quantifies MSC asymmetricity with matrix properties using a simple 2D model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology, IIEST, Shibpur, Howrah, West Bengal 711103, India
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Khan SF, Damerell V, Omar R, Du Toit M, Khan M, Maranyane HM, Mlaza M, Bleloch J, Bellis C, Sahm BDB, Peres J, ArulJothi KN, Prince S. The roles and regulation of TBX3 in development and disease. Gene 2020; 726:144223. [PMID: 31669645 PMCID: PMC7108957 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
TBX3, a member of the ancient and evolutionary conserved T-box transcription factor family, is a critical developmental regulator of several structures including the heart, mammary glands, limbs and lungs. Indeed, mutations in the human TBX3 lead to ulnar mammary syndrome which is characterized by several clinical malformations including hypoplasia of the mammary and apocrine glands, defects of the upper limb, areola, dental structures, heart and genitalia. In contrast, TBX3 has no known function in adult tissues but is frequently overexpressed in a wide range of epithelial and mesenchymal derived cancers. This overexpression greatly impacts several hallmarks of cancer including bypass of senescence, apoptosis and anoikis, promotion of proliferation, tumour formation, angiogenesis, invasion and metastatic capabilities as well as cancer stem cell expansion. The debilitating consequences of having too little or too much TBX3 suggest that its expression levels need to be tightly regulated. While we have a reasonable understanding of the mutations that result in low levels of functional TBX3 during development, very little is known about the factors responsible for the overexpression of TBX3 in cancer. Furthermore, given the plethora of oncogenic processes that TBX3 impacts, it must be regulating several target genes but to date only a few have been identified and characterised. Interestingly, while there is compelling evidence to support oncogenic roles for TBX3, a few studies have indicated that it may also have tumour suppressor functions in certain contexts. Together, the diverse functional elasticity of TBX3 in development and cancer is thought to involve, in part, the protein partners that it interacts with and this area of research has recently received some attention. This review provides an insight into the significance of TBX3 in development and cancer and identifies research gaps that need to be explored to shed more light on this transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif F Khan
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Victoria Damerell
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rehana Omar
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Michelle Du Toit
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mohsin Khan
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Hapiloe Mabaruti Maranyane
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Mihlali Mlaza
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jenna Bleloch
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Claire Bellis
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bianca D B Sahm
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 11030-400, Brazil
| | - Jade Peres
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - K N ArulJothi
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sharon Prince
- Division of Cell Biology, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, 7925, Cape Town, South Africa.
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7
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Barzegar M, Kaur G, Gavins FNE, Wang Y, Boyer CJ, Alexander JS. Potential therapeutic roles of stem cells in ischemia-reperfusion injury. Stem Cell Res 2019; 37:101421. [PMID: 30933723 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI), produced by an initial interruption of organ blood flow and its subsequent restoration, contributes significantly to the pathophysiologies of stroke, myocardial infarction, renal I/RI, intestinal I/RI and liver I/RI, which are major causes of disability (including transplant failure) and even mortality. While the restoration of blood flow is required to restore oxygen and nutrient requirements, reperfusion often triggers local and systemic inflammatory responses and subsequently elevate the ischemic insult where the duration of ischemia determines the magnitude of I/RI damage. I/RI increases vascular leakage, changes transcriptional and cell death programs, drives leukocyte entrapment and inflammation and oxidative stress in tissues. Therapeutic approaches which reduce complications associated with I/RI are desperately needed to address the clinical and economic burden created by I/RI. Stem cells (SC) represent ubiquitous and uncommitted cell populations with the ability to self-renew and differentiate into one or more developmental 'fates'. Like immune cells, stem cells can home to and penetrate I/R-injured tissues, where they can differentiate into target tissues and induce trophic paracrine signaling which suppress injury and maintain tissue functions perturbed by ischemia-reperfusion. This review article summarizes the present use and possible protective mechanisms underlying stem cell protection in diverse forms of ischemia-reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barzegar
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - G Kaur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - F N E Gavins
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - C J Boyer
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - J S Alexander
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
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8
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The special stemness functions of Tbx3 in stem cells and cancer development. Semin Cancer Biol 2018; 57:105-110. [PMID: 30268432 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The T-box factors belong to an ancient protein family, which comprises a cluster of evolutionarily-conserved transcription factors that regulate gene expression and that are crucial to embryonic development. T-box transcription factor 3 (Tbx3) is a member of this family, is expressed in some tissues, and is a key regulator in many critical organs, including the heart, mammary gland, and limbs. Overexpression of Tbx3 is associated with a number of cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, gastric, breast, ovary, cervical, pancreatic, bladder and liver cancers, as well as melanoma. Tbx3 promotes tumor development by modulating cell proliferation, tumor formation, metastasis, cell survival and drug resistance. Moreover, there is strong evidence that Tbx3 regulates stem cell maintenance by controlling stem cell self-renewal and differentiation. Verification of the upstream regulatory factors and potential molecular mechanism of Tbx3, being able to explain the function of Tbx3 in carcinogenic effects and stem cell maintenance, will make a valuable contribution to stem cell and cancer research. This review provides an insight into the current research on Tbx3 and explores the significance of Tbx3 in stem cells and tumorigenesis.
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Cheng JW, Chang TC, Bhattacharjee N, Folch A. An open-chamber flow-focusing device for focal stimulation of micropatterned cells. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2016; 10:024122. [PMID: 27158290 PMCID: PMC4833748 DOI: 10.1063/1.4946801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices can deliver soluble factors to cell and tissue culture microenvironments with precise spatiotemporal control. However, enclosed microfluidic environments often have drawbacks such as the need for continuous culture medium perfusion which limits the duration of experiments, incongruity between microculture and macroculture, difficulty in introducing cells and tissues, and high shear stress on cells. Here, we present an open-chamber microfluidic device that delivers hydrodynamically focused streams of soluble reagents to cells over long time periods (i.e., several hours). We demonstrate the advantage of the open chamber by using conventional cell culture techniques to induce the differentiation of myoblasts into myotubes, a process that occurs in 7-10 days and is difficult to achieve in closed chamber microfluidic devices. By controlling the flow rates and altering the device geometry, we produced sharp focal streams with widths ranging from 36 μm to 187 μm. The focal streams were reproducible (∼12% variation between units) and stable (∼20% increase in stream width over 10 h of operation). Furthermore, we integrated trenches for micropatterning myoblasts and microtraps for confining single primary myofibers into the device. We demonstrate with finite element method (FEM) simulations that shear stresses within the cell trench are well below values known to be deleterious to cells, while local concentrations are maintained at ∼22% of the input concentration. Finally, we demonstrated focused delivery of cytoplasmic and nuclear dyes to micropatterned myoblasts and myofibers. The open-chamber microfluidic flow-focusing concept combined with micropatterning may be generalized to other microfluidic applications that require stringent long-term cell culture conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan W Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Tim C Chang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Nirveek Bhattacharjee
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
| | - Albert Folch
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington , Seattle, Washington 98195, USA
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Alway SE, Myers MJ, Mohamed JS. Regulation of satellite cell function in sarcopenia. Front Aging Neurosci 2014; 6:246. [PMID: 25295003 PMCID: PMC4170136 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2014.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms contributing to sarcopenia include reduced satellite cell (myogenic stem cell) function that is impacted by the environment (niche) of these cells. Satellite cell function is affected by oxidative stress, which is elevated in aged muscles, and this along with changes in largely unknown systemic factors, likely contribute to the manner in which satellite cells respond to stressors such as exercise, disuse, or rehabilitation in sarcopenic muscles. Nutritional intervention provides one therapeutic strategy to improve the satellite cell niche and systemic factors, with the goal of improving satellite cell function in aging muscles. Although many elderly persons consume various nutraceuticals with the hope of improving health, most of these compounds have not been thoroughly tested, and the impacts that they might have on sarcopenia and satellite cell function are not clear. This review discusses data pertaining to the satellite cell responses and function in aging skeletal muscle, and the impact that three compounds: resveratrol, green tea catechins, and β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate have on regulating satellite cell function and therefore contributing to reducing sarcopenia or improving muscle mass after disuse in aging. The data suggest that these nutraceutical compounds improve satellite cell function during rehabilitative loading in animal models of aging after disuse (i.e., muscle regeneration). While these compounds have not been rigorously tested in humans, the data from animal models of aging provide a strong basis for conducting additional focused work to determine if these or other nutraceuticals can offset the muscle losses, or improve regeneration in sarcopenic muscles of older humans via improving satellite cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen E. Alway
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
- West Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA
- Center for Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Matthew J. Myers
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Junaith S. Mohamed
- Laboratory of Muscle Biology and Sarcopenia, Department of Exercise Physiology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA
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Abstract
No metazoan cell survives on its own, absent the signals and support of its milieu. For multicellular life with specialized tissues to persist, organization is everything and so defining the association of position with cell state is critical to understanding how tissues function, maintain, and repair. This review focuses specifically on place for progenitor and stem cells. Especially emphasized are hematopoietic cells that balance free movement and stable position and where concepts of regulatory interrelationships have been shown with some precision. It reviews classical and emerging concepts of the niche, particularly considering how niche functions may participate in neoplastic disease.
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12
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Gattazzo F, Urciuolo A, Bonaldo P. Extracellular matrix: a dynamic microenvironment for stem cell niche. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2506-19. [PMID: 24418517 PMCID: PMC4081568 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 849] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Revised: 01/05/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic and complex environment characterized by biophysical, mechanical and biochemical properties specific for each tissue and able to regulate cell behavior. Stem cells have a key role in the maintenance and regeneration of tissues and they are located in a specific microenvironment, defined as niche. Scope of review We overview the progresses that have been made in elucidating stem cell niches and discuss the mechanisms by which ECM affects stem cell behavior. We also summarize the current tools and experimental models for studying ECM–stem cell interactions. Major conclusions ECM represents an essential player in stem cell niche, since it can directly or indirectly modulate the maintenance, proliferation, self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells. Several ECM molecules play regulatory functions for different types of stem cells, and based on its molecular composition the ECM can be deposited and finely tuned for providing the most appropriate niche for stem cells in the various tissues. Engineered biomaterials able to mimic the in vivo characteristics of stem cell niche provide suitable in vitro tools for dissecting the different roles exerted by the ECM and its molecular components on stem cell behavior. General significance ECM is a key component of stem cell niches and is involved in various aspects of stem cell behavior, thus having a major impact on tissue homeostasis and regeneration under physiological and pathological conditions. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Matrix-mediated cell behaviour and properties. Stem cells have a key role in the maintenance and regeneration of tissues. The extracellular matrix is a critical regulator of stem cell function. Stem cells reside in a dynamic and specialized microenvironment denoted as niche. The extracellular matrix represents an essential component of stem cell niches. Bioengineered niches can be used for investigating stem cell–matrix interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gattazzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Anna Urciuolo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bonaldo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Briggs D, Morgan JE. Recent progress in satellite cell/myoblast engraftment -- relevance for therapy. FEBS J 2013; 280:4281-93. [PMID: 23560812 PMCID: PMC3795440 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
There is currently no cure for muscular dystrophies, although several promising strategies are in basic and clinical research. One such strategy is cell transplantation with satellite cells (or their myoblast progeny) to repair damaged muscle and provide dystrophin protein with the aim of preventing subsequent myofibre degeneration and repopulating the stem cell niche for future use. The present review aims to cover recent advances in satellite cell/myoblast therapy and to discuss the challenges that remain for it to become a realistic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Briggs
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child HealthLondon, UK
| | - Jennifer E Morgan
- The Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Institute of Child HealthLondon, UK
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Fei X, Jiang S, Zhang S, Li Y, Ge J, He B, Goldstein S, Ruiz G. Isolation, Culture, and Identification of Amniotic Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 67:689-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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15
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Mei Y. Microarrayed Materials for Stem Cells. MATERIALS TODAY (KIDLINGTON, ENGLAND) 2012; 15:10.1016/S1369-7021(12)70196-7. [PMID: 24311967 PMCID: PMC3848960 DOI: 10.1016/s1369-7021(12)70196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells hold remarkable promise for applications in disease modeling, cancer therapy and regenerative medicine. Despite the significant progress made during the last decade, designing materials to control stem cell fate remains challenging. As an alternative, materials microarray technology has received great attention because it allows for high throughput materials synthesis and screening at a reasonable cost. Here, we discuss recent developments in materials microarray technology and their applications in stem cell engineering. Future opportunities in the field will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Mei
- Clemson-MUSC Bioengineering Program, Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
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