1
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Panda I, Behera BR, Jena D, Behera SK, Samal SK, Pradhan S. Experimental and in silico insights: interaction of dimethyl sulphoxide with 1-hexyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide/1-octyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide at different temperatures. RSC Adv 2024; 14:2453-2465. [PMID: 38223693 PMCID: PMC10785048 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07417j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Ionic liquids have gained attention as 'designer solvents' since they offer a broad spectrum of properties that can be tuned by altering the constituent ions. In this work, 1-alkyl-2-methyl imidazolium-based ionic liquids with two different alkyl chains (alkyl = hexyl and octyl) have been synthesized and characterized. Since the binary mixture of ionic liquids with molecular solvents can give rise to striking physicochemical properties, the interaction of the synthesized room temperature ionic liquids, 1-hexyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide [HMIM][Br]/1-octyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide [OMIM][Br] with DMSO has been examined through density and specific conductance at T = (303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K under atmospheric pressure. The obtained molar volume and excess molar volume are fitted to the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation, and the standard deviation is noted. The positive excess molar volume at elevated temperatures indicates volume expansion due to the mutual loss of dipolar association and differences in the sizes and shapes of the constituent molecules. To have a better understanding of the reactivity and efficacy of 1-hexyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide and 1-octyl-2-methyl imidazolium bromide with DMSO, the Becke, 3-parameter, Lee-Yang-Parr (B3LYP) correlation function of density functional theory (DFT) has been used. The ORCA Program version 4.0 calculates the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy. The effective reactivities of both the compounds that showed an energy band gap (ΔE), i.e., the difference between ELUMO and EHOMO, are 7.147 and 8.037 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itishree Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (FET), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, deemed to be University Khandagiri Square Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India
| | - Bikash Ranjan Behera
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (FET), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, deemed to be University Khandagiri Square Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India
| | - Debasmita Jena
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (FET), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, deemed to be University Khandagiri Square Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India
| | - Santosh Kumar Behera
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research Ahmedabad Gujarat 382355 India
| | - Sangram Keshari Samal
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine for Advanced Therapies, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Center Bhubaneswar - 751 023 Odisha India
| | - Sanghamitra Pradhan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Technical Education and Research (FET), Siksha 'O' Anusandhan, deemed to be University Khandagiri Square Bhubaneswar 751030 Odisha India
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2
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Zheng W, Liu CH, Nieh MP, Cornelius CJ. Sulfonated Pentablock Copolymer Membrane Morphological Anisotropy and Its Impact on Dimensional Swelling, Proton Conductivity, and the Transport of Protons and Water. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjian Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong518060, China
| | - Chung-Hao Liu
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
| | - Mu-Ping Nieh
- Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut06269, United States
| | - Chris J. Cornelius
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa50011, United States
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3
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Investigating the performance of functionalized and pristine graphene oxide impregnated Nexar™ nanocomposite membranes for PEM fuel cell. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ceja.2022.100346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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4
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Integrated electronic skin (e-skin) for harvesting of TENG energy through push-pull ionic electrets and ion-ion hopping mechanism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3879. [PMID: 35264607 PMCID: PMC8907315 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04555-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of highly durable, stretchable, and steady triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) is highly desirable to satisfy the tight requirement of energy demand. Here, we presented a novel integrated polymeric membrane that is designed by PEDOT: PSSa-naphthalene sulfonated polyimide (PPNSP)-EMI.BF4 Electronic skin (e-skin) for potential TENG applications. The proposed TENG e-skin is fabricated by an interconnected architecture with push-pull ionic electrets that can threshold the transfer of charges through an ion-hopping mechanism for the generation of a higher output voltage (Voc) and currents (Jsc) against an electronegative PTFE film. PPNSP was synthesized from the condensation of naphthalene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, 2,2'-benzidine sulfonic acid, and 4,4'diaminodiphenyl ether through an addition copolymerization protocol, and PEDOT: PSSa was subsequently deposited using the dip-coating method. Porous networked PPNSP e-skin with continuous ion transport nano-channels is synthesized by introducing simple and strong molecular push-pull interactions via intrinsic ions. In addition, EMI.BF4 ionic liquid (IL) is doped inside the PPNSP skin to interexchange ions to enhance the potential window for higher output Voc and Iscs. In this article, we investigated the push-pull dynamic interactions between PPNSP-EMI.BF4 e-skin and PTFE and tolerable output performance. The novel PPNSP- EMI.BF4 e-skin TENG produced upto 49.1 V and 1.03 µA at 1 Hz, 74 V and 1.45 µA at 2 Hz, 122.3 V and 2.21 µA at 3 Hz and 171 V and 3.6 µA at 4 Hz, and 195 V and 4.43 µA at 5 Hz, respectively. The proposed novel TENG device was shown to be highly flexible, highly durable, commercially viable, and a prospective candidate to produce higher electrical charge outputs at various applied frequencies.
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5
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Diejomaoh Abafe OT, Azim MM, Martincigh BS, Stark A. Cation-fluorinated ionic liquids: Synthesis, physicochemical properties and comparison with non-fluorinated analogues. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Engel KE, Kilmartin PA, Diegel O. Recent advances in the 3D printing of ionic electroactive polymers and core ionomeric materials. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01297e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The recent advances in the 3D printing, or additive manufacturing, of ionic electroactive polymers (EAP) and their future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Edward Engel
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Dodd-Walls Centre for Quantum and Photonic Technologies, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Paul A. Kilmartin
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Olaf Diegel
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- Creative Design and Additive Manufacturing Lab, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
- MedTech CoRE, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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7
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He F, Xue B, Lei Q, Liu Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Influence of molecular weight on electro-responsive electrorheological effect of poly(ionic liquid)s: Rheology and dielectric spectroscopy analysis. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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8
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Rajapaksha CPH, Gunathilaka MDT, Narute S, Albehaijan H, Piedrahita C, Paudel P, Feng C, Lüssem B, Kyu T, Jákli A. Flexo-Ionic Effect of Ionic Liquid Crystal Elastomers. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26144234. [PMID: 34299509 PMCID: PMC8304522 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26144234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The first study of the flexo-ionic effect, i.e., mechanical deformation-induced electric signal, of the recently discovered ionic liquid crystal elastomers (iLCEs) is reported. The measured flexo-ionic coefficients were found to strongly depend on the director alignment of the iLCE films and can be over 200 µC/m. This value is orders of magnitude higher than the flexo-electric coefficient found in insulating liquid crystals and is comparable to the well-developed ionic polymers (iEAPs). The shortest response times, i.e., the largest bandwidth of the flexo-ionic responses, is achieved in planar alignment, when the director is uniformly parallel to the substrates. These results render high potential for iLCE-based devices for applications in sensors and wearable micropower generators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Suresh Narute
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (S.N.); (H.A.); (C.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Hamad Albehaijan
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (S.N.); (H.A.); (C.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Camilo Piedrahita
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (S.N.); (H.A.); (C.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Pushpa Paudel
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA; (C.P.H.R.); (P.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Chenrun Feng
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA; (M.D.T.G.); (C.F.)
| | - Björn Lüssem
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA; (C.P.H.R.); (P.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Thein Kyu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA; (S.N.); (H.A.); (C.P.); (T.K.)
| | - Antal Jákli
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA; (C.P.H.R.); (P.P.); (B.L.)
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA; (M.D.T.G.); (C.F.)
- Correspondence:
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9
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Hirai R, Watanabe T, Ono T. Design of Clickable Ionic Liquid Monomers to Enhance Ionic Conductivity for Main-Chain 1,2,3-Triazolium-Based Poly(Ionic Liquid)s. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:10030-10038. [PMID: 34056158 PMCID: PMC8153667 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c06173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
A series of clickable α-azide-ω-alkyne ionic liquid (IL) monomers with an ethylene oxide spacer were developed and applied to the synthesis of 1,2,3-triazolium-based poly(ionic liquid)s (TPILs) with high ionic conductivities via one-step thermal azide-alkyne cycloaddition click chemistry. Subsequently, the number of IL moieties in the resultant TPILs was further increased by N-alkylation of the 1,2,3-triazole-based backbones of the TPILs with a quarternizing reagent. This strategy affords the preparation of TPILs having either one or two 1,2,3-triazolium cations with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anions in a monomer unit. Synthesis of the TPILs was confirmed by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The effects of the length of the ethylene oxide spacer and the number of IL moieties in the IL monomer unit on the physicochemical properties of the TPILs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and impedance spectroscopy. The introduction of a longer ethylene oxide spacer or an increase in the number of IL moieties in the monomer unit resulted in TPILs with lower glass-transition temperatures and higher ionic conductivities. The highest ionic conductivity achieved in this study was 2.0 × 10-5 S cm-1 at 30 °C. These results suggest that the design of the IL monomer provides the resultant polymer with high chain flexibility and a high IL density, and so it is effective for preparing TPILs with high ionic conductivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruka Hirai
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Takaichi Watanabe
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Ono
- Department of Applied Chemistry,
Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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10
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Noorhisham NA, Amri D, Mohamed AH, Yahaya N, Ahmad NM, Mohamad S, Kamaruzaman S, Osman H. Characterisation techniques for analysis of imidazolium-based ionic liquids and application in polymer preparation: A review. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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11
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Kang S, Park MJ. 100th Anniversary of Macromolecular Science Viewpoint: Block Copolymers with Tethered Acid Groups: Challenges and Opportunities. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:1527-1541. [PMID: 35617073 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.0c00629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Scientific research on advanced polymer electrolytes has led to the emergence of all-solid-state energy storage/transfer systems. Early research began with acid-tethered polymers half a century ago, and research interest has gradually shifted to high-precision polymers with controllable acid functional groups and nanoscale morphologies. Consequently, various self-assembled acid-tethered block polymer morphologies have been produced. Their ion properties are profoundly affected by the multiscale intermolecular interactions in confinements. The creation of hierarchically organized ion/dipole arrangements inside the block copolymer nanostructures has been highlighted as a future method for developing advanced single-ion polymers with decoupled ion dynamics and polymer chain relaxation. Several emerging practical applications of the acid-tethered block copolymers have been explored to draw attention to the challenges and opportunities in developing state-of-the-art electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejong Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea 790-784
| | - Moon Jeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Korea 790-784
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12
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13
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Influence of Tethered Ions on Electric Polarization and Electrorheological Property of Polymerized Ionic Liquids. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25122896. [PMID: 32586055 PMCID: PMC7356505 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25122896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs) show potential to be used as new water-free polyelectrolyte-based electrorheological (ER) material. To direct ER material design at the molecular level, unveiling structure-property relationships is essential. While a few studies compare the mobile ions in PILs there is still a limited understanding of how the structure of tethered counterions on backbone influences ER property. In this study, three PILs with same mobile anions but different tethered countercations (e.g., poly(dimethyldiallylammonium) P[DADMA]+, poly(benzylethyl) trimethylammonium P[VBTMA]+, and poly(1-ethyl-4-vinylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) P[C2VIm]+) are prepared and the influence of tethered countercations on the ER property of PILs is investigated. It shows that among these PILs, P[DADMA]+ PILs have the strongest ER property and P[C2VIm]+ PILs have the weakest one. By combining dielectric spectra analysis with DFT calculation and activation energy measurement, it can clarify that the influence of tethered counterions on ER property is mainly associated with ion-pair interaction energy that is affecting ionic conductivity and interfacial polarization induced by ion motion. P[DADMA]+ has the smallest ion-pair interaction energy with mobile ions, which can result in the highest ionic conductivity and the fastest interfacial polarization rate for its strongest ER property.
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14
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KhorsandKheirabad A, Zhou X, Xie D, Wang H, Yuan J. Hydrazine-Enabled One-Step Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticle-Functionalized Gradient Porous Poly(ionic liquid) Membranes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000143. [PMID: 32410315 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this communication, a one-step synthetic route is reported toward free-standing metal-nanoparticle-functionalized gradient porous polyelectrolyte membranes (PPMs). The membranes are produced by soaking a glass-plate-supported blend film that consists of a hydrophobic poly(ionic liquid) (PIL), poly(acrylic acid), and a metal salt, into an aqueous hydrazine solution. Upon diffusion of water and hydrazine molecules into the blend film, a phase separation process of the hydrophobic PIL and an ionic crosslinking reaction via interpolyelectrolyte complexation occur side by side to form the PPM. Simultaneously, due to the reductive nature of hydrazine, the metal salt inside the polymer blend film is reduced in situ by hydrazine into metal nanoparticles that anchor onto the PPM. The as-obtained hybrid porous membrane is proven functional in the catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol. This one-step method to grow metal nanoparticles and gradient porous membranes can simplify future fabrication processes of multifunctional PPMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh KhorsandKheirabad
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
| | - Xianjing Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Dongjiu Xie
- Institute for Electrochemical Energy Storage, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Hahn-Meitner Platz 1, Berlin, 14109, Germany
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education) Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry (MMK), Stockholm University, Stockholm, 10691, Sweden
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15
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Zhao J, Lei Q, He F, Zheng C, Liu Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Nonmonotonic Influence of Size of Quaternary Ammonium Countercations on Micromorphology, Polarization, and Electroresponse of Anionic Poly(ionic liquid)s. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:2920-2929. [PMID: 32182069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b11702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The size influence of quaternary ammonium countercations in poly[4-styrenesulfonyl(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide][tetraalkylammonium] (P[STFSI][Nnnnn], n = 1, 2, and 3) poly(ionic liquid)s on dielectric polarization and the stimuli-responsive electrorheological effect is investigated by dielectric spectroscopy and rheology, and the microstructure-level understanding behind the influence is analyzed by Raman and X-ray scattering spectra. The size influence of quaternary ammonium cations is found to be nonmonotonic. The largest electrorheological effect accompanied by best polarization properties is demonstrated in P[STFSI][N2222]. Raman spectra and activation energy measurements demonstrate that the nonmonotonic influence originates from the fact that, compared to small N1111+ and large N3333+, intermediate N2222+ as countercations can contribute a higher mobile ion number and lower activation energy barrier of ion dissociation and motion. But the experimental values of activation energy are not consistent with theoretically calculated values by considering the ion pair electrostatic potential and elastic force contribution of the matrix. By X-ray scattering and diffraction characterizations, it is clarified that the nonmonotonic influence and the inconsistency of activation energy originate from the size influence of Nnnnn+ on the micromorphology of P[STFSI][Nnnnn]. Compared to the semicrystalline structure of P[STFSI][N1111] and the ionic aggregation structure of P[STFSI][N3333], the relatively uniform amorphous structure of P[STFSI][N2222] may be responsible for its lower activation energy barrier of ion motion. This study further provides insights into the design and preparation of future poly(ionic liquid)-based electrorheological materials by considering not only molecular structure but also micromorphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Qi Lei
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Fang He
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
| | - Jianbo Yin
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710129, China
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16
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Rajapaksha CPH, Feng C, Piedrahita C, Cao J, Kaphle V, Lüssem B, Kyu T, Jákli A. Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Based Electro-Active Ionic Elastomer. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e1900636. [PMID: 32022395 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201900636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Preparation and low voltage induced bending (converse flexoelectricity) of crosslinked poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA), modified with thiosiloxane (TS) and ionic liquid (1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate) (IL) are reported. In between 2µm PEDOT:PSS electrodes at 1 V, it provides durable (95% retention under 5000 cycles) and relatively fast (2 s switching time) actuation with the second largest strain observed so far in ionic electro-active polymers (iEAPs). In between 40 nm gold electrodes under 8 V DC voltage, the film can be completely curled up (270° bending angle) with 6% strain that, to the best of the knowledge, is unpreceded among iEAPs. These results render great potential for the TS/PEGDA/IL based electro-active actuators for soft robotic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chenrun Feng
- Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA
| | - Camilo Piedrahita
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Jinwei Cao
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Vikash Kaphle
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA
| | - Björn Lüssem
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA
| | - Thein Kyu
- Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Akron, Akron, OH, 44325, USA
| | - Antal Jákli
- Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA.,Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH, 44240, USA.,MTA Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Budapest, H1525, Hungary
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17
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Jourdain A, Obadia MM, Duchet-Rumeau J, Bernard J, Serghei A, Tournilhac F, Pascault JP, Drockenmuller E. Comparison of poly(ethylene glycol)-based networks obtained by cationic ring opening polymerization of neutral and 1,2,3-triazolium diepoxy monomers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The properties of two cross-linked epoxy networks obtained by ring opening polymerization of a synthetic diepoxy 1,2,3-triazolium and a commercial poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether using benzylamine trifluoroborate as cationic initiator are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona M. Obadia
- Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | | | - Julien Bernard
- Univ Lyon
- INSA Lyon
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | - Anatoli Serghei
- Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | - François Tournilhac
- Molecular
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- and Materials
- ESPCI Paris
- PSL Research University
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18
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Zhang SY, Zhuang Q, Zhang M, Wang H, Gao Z, Sun JK, Yuan J. Poly(ionic liquid) composites. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 49:1726-1755. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00938d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights recent advances in the development of poly(ionic liquid)-based composites for diverse materials applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yun Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
| | - Qiang Zhuang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Science
- Northwestern Polytechnical University
- Xi'an
- P. R. China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials (Ministry of Education)
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
| | - Zhiming Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ke Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing
- P. R. China
| | - Jiayin Yuan
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- 10691 Stockholm
- Sweden
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19
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Ionene copolymer electrolyte obtained from cyclo-addition of di-alkyne and di-azide monomers for solid-state smart glass windows. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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20
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Liu Y, Zhao J, He F, Zheng C, Zhao X, Yin J. Influence of alkyl spacer length on ion transport, polarization and electro-responsive electrorheological effect of self-crosslinked poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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21
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Smith CA, Narouz MR, Lummis PA, Singh I, Nazemi A, Li CH, Crudden CM. N-Heterocyclic Carbenes in Materials Chemistry. Chem Rev 2019; 119:4986-5056. [PMID: 30938514 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 353] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) have become one of the most widely studied class of ligands in molecular chemistry and have found applications in fields as varied as catalysis, the stabilization of reactive molecular fragments, and biochemistry. More recently, NHCs have found applications in materials chemistry and have allowed for the functionalization of surfaces, polymers, nanoparticles, and discrete, well-defined clusters. In this review, we provide an in-depth look at recent advances in the use of NHCs for the development of functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christene A Smith
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Mina R Narouz
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Paul A Lummis
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Ali Nazemi
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Chien-Hung Li
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6
| | - Cathleen M Crudden
- Department of Chemistry , Queen's University , 90 Bader Lane , Kingston , Ontario , Canada , K7L 3N6.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, ITbM-WPI , Nagoya University , Nagoya , Chikusa 464-8601 , Japan
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22
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Nguyen VH, Kim J, Tabassian R, Kotal M, Jun K, Oh J, Son J, Manzoor MT, Kim KJ, Oh I. Electroactive Artificial Muscles Based on Functionally Antagonistic Core-Shell Polymer Electrolyte Derived from PS- b-PSS Block Copolymer. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801196. [PMID: 30886790 PMCID: PMC6402454 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive ionic soft actuators, a type of artificial muscles containing a polymer electrolyte membrane sandwiched between two electrodes, have been intensively investigated owing to their potential applications to bioinspired soft robotics, wearable electronics, and active biomedical devices. However, the design and synthesis of an efficient polymer electrolyte suitable for ion migration have been major challenges in developing high-performance ionic soft actuators. Herein, a highly bendable ionic soft actuator based on an unprecedented block copolymer is reported, i.e., polystyrene-b-poly(1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium-4-styrenesulfonate) (PS-b-PSS-EMIm), with a functionally antagonistic core-shell architecture that is specifically designed as an ionic exchangeable polymer electrolyte. The corresponding actuator shows exceptionally good actuation performance, with a high displacement of 8.22 mm at an ultralow voltage of 0.5 V, a fast rise time of 5 s, and excellent durability over 14 000 cycles. It is envisaged that the development of this high-performance ionic soft actuator could contribute to the progress toward the realization of the aforementioned applications. Furthermore, the procedure described herein can also be applied for developing novel polymer electrolytes related to solid-state lithium batteries and fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Hiep Nguyen
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehwan Kim
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Rassoul Tabassian
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Moumita Kotal
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Kiwoo Jun
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Jung‐Hwan Oh
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Ji‐Myeong Son
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Taha Manzoor
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Jin Kim
- Active Materials and Smart Living LaboratoryDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of NevadaLas Vegas (UNLV)Las VegasNV89154USA
| | - Il‐Kwon Oh
- Creative Research Initiative Center for Functionally Antagonistic Nano‐EngineeringDepartment of Mechanical EngineeringKorea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)291 Daehak‐roYuseong‐guDaejeon34141Republic of Korea
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23
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Price TL, Choi UH, Schoonover DV, Wang D, Heflin JR, Xie R, Colby RH, Gibson HW. Studies of Ion Conductance in Polymers Derived from Norbornene Imidazolium Salts Containing Ethyleneoxy Moieties. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | | | | | | | - Renxuan Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Penn State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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24
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Akhtar FH, Vovushua H, Villalobos LF, Shevate R, Kumar M, Nunes SP, Schwingenschlögl U, Peinemann KV. Highways for water molecules: Interplay between nanostructure and water vapor transport in block copolymer membranes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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25
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Mapesa EU, Chen M, Heres MF, Harris MA, Kinsey T, Wang Y, Long TE, Lokitz BS, Sangoro JR. Charge Transport in Imidazolium-Based Homo- and Triblock Poly(ionic liquid)s. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel U. Mapesa
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Mingtao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Maximilian F. Heres
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Matthew A. Harris
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Thomas Kinsey
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules Innovation Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Bradley S. Lokitz
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, One Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, United States
| | - Joshua R. Sangoro
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 1512 Middle Drive, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
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26
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Lei Q, Zheng C, He F, Zhao J, Liu Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Enhancing Electroresponsive Electrorheological Effect and Temperature Dependence of Poly(ionic liquid) Particles by Hard Core Confinement. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:15827-15838. [PMID: 30500198 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monodisperse core-shell-structured SiO2@poly(ionic liquid) (SiO2@PIL) particles are prepared by the polymerization of ionic liquid monomer on the surface of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane-modified SiO2 particles. The electroresponsive electrorheological (ER) effect of SiO2@PIL particles when dispersed in insulating carrier liquid is investigated and compared with that of pure poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) particles based on temperature-modulated rheology under electric fields. It is demonstrated that hard SiO2 core not only enhances the ER effect of PIL particles but also improves the temperature dependence of ER effect. By dielectric spectroscopy analysis, the mechanism behind the property enhancement was discussed. It indicates that the hard SiO2 core can not only increase the interfacial polarization strength of SiO2@PIL particles by core-shell architecture but also restrain the segment relaxation or softening of the PIL shell and influence the ion dynamics above the calorimetric glass transition of PILs by the so called "substrate confinement effect", and this should be responsible for the enhanced electroresponsive ER effect and temperature stability of the SiO2@PIL particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lei
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Chen Zheng
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Fang He
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
| | - Jianbo Yin
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics , Northwestern Polytechnical University , Xi'an 710129 , P. R. China
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27
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White BT, Long TE. Advances in Polymeric Materials for Electromechanical Devices. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800521. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Tyler White
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules Innovation Institute; Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules Innovation Institute; Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
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28
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Zheng C, Liu Y, Dong Y, He F, Zhao X, Yin J. Low-Temperature Interfacial Polymerization and Enhanced Electro-Responsive Characteristic of Poly(ionic liquid)s@polyaniline Core-shell Microspheres. Macromol Rapid Commun 2018; 40:e1800351. [PMID: 30085361 DOI: 10.1002/marc.201800351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of monodisperse poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) microspheres coated with semiconducting polyaniline (PANI) shell is reported, which shows enhanced electro-responsive electrorheological (ER) effect but decreased power consumption compared to neat PIL microspheres. The monodisperse PIL microspheres are first prepared via dispersion polymerization and then PANI is coated via low-temperature interfacial polymerization of aniline on the surface of hydrophobic PIL microspheres without additional modification. The stimulus-responsive ER effect of the core-shell microspheres when dispersing in insulating oil are investigated under electric fields. The power-law of yield stress versus electric field strength and the dielectric relaxation spectroscopy are analyzed to understand the ER effect and the origin of property enhancement. It demonstrates that the semiconducting PANI shell can well limit the irreversible ion leakage of PIL microspheres and improve the particle polarizability, resulting in decreased power consumption but enhanced electro-responsive ER effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zheng
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
| | - Yuezhen Dong
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
| | - Fang He
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
| | - Jianbo Yin
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710129, P.R. China
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29
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Zhao J, Liu Y, Zheng C, Lei Q, Dong Y, Zhao X, Yin J. Pickering emulsion polymerization of poly(ionic liquid)s encapsulated nano-SiO2 composite particles with enhanced electro-responsive characteristic. POLYMER 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2018.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Soft actuators based on electroactive polymers (EAPs) are the core constituents of future soft robots owing to their fascinating properties such as lightweight, compactness, easy fabrication into various forms, and low cost. Ionic EAP actuators are particularly attractive owing to the low driving voltages (<3 V) as compared to those of electronic EAP actuators (usually kilovolts). This paper presents a brief overview of the recent progress in a range of EAP actuators by focusing on low voltage operation, in addition to the challenges and future strategies for their wide applicability in artificial muscles and various innovative soft robot technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onnuri Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, 790-784, Korea.
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31
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Anion exchange membranes with clusters of alkyl ammonium group for mitigating water swelling but not ionic conductivity. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.12.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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32
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Yin J, Lei Q, Dong Y, Zhao X. Stimuli Responsive Smart Fluids Based on Ionic Liquids and Poly(ionic liquid)s. POLYMERIZED IONIC LIQUIDS 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/9781788010535-00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their robust and tunable properties compared to molecular compounds, ionic liquids and their high molecular weight counterparts, polymeric ionic liquids, have provided suitable compounds for the development of smart materials with high physical and chemical stability and strongly stimulus-responsive characteristics. By functionalizing ionic liquids themselves or incorporating ionic liquids into traditional materials, many new kinds of stimuli-responsive materials have been developed. In this chapter, we specifically focus on the recent advances in electro-responsive electrorheological smart fluids with ionic liquids and polymeric ionic liquids as either active components or additives. The goal is to highlight the potential of incorporating ionic liquids into traditional electrorheological materials and using polymeric ionic liquids as new electrorheological active materials to overcome the problems of present electrorheological fluids for real applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yin
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710129 P. R. China
| | - Qi Lei
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710129 P. R. China
| | - Yuezhen Dong
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710129 P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhao
- Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Northwestern Polytechnical University Xi’an 710129 P. R. China
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33
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Mei W, Wang Z, Yan J. Poly(ether sulfone) copolymers containing densely quaternized oligo(2, 6-dimethyl-1, 4-phenylene oxide) moieties as anion exchange membranes. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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34
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Yan Y, Santaniello T, Bettini LG, Minnai C, Bellacicca A, Porotti R, Denti I, Faraone G, Merlini M, Lenardi C, Milani P. Electroactive Ionic Soft Actuators with Monolithically Integrated Gold Nanocomposite Electrodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1606109. [PMID: 28417488 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201606109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Electroactive ionic gel/metal nanocomposites are produced by implanting supersonically accelerated neutral gold nanoparticles into a novel chemically crosslinked ion conductive soft polymer. The ionic gel consists of chemically crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) and polyacrylonitrile networks, blended with halloysite nanoclays and imidazolium-based ionic liquid. The material exhibits mechanical properties similar to that of elastomers (Young's modulus ≈ 0.35 MPa) together with high ionic conductivity. The fabrication of thin (≈100 nm thick) nanostructured compliant electrodes by means of supersonic cluster beam implantation (SCBI) does not significantly alter the mechanical properties of the soft polymer and provides controlled electrical properties and large surface area for ions storage. SCBI is cost effective and suitable for the scaleup manufacturing of electroactive soft actuators. This study reports the high-strain electromechanical actuation performance of the novel ionic gel/metal nanocomposites in a low-voltage regime (from 0.1 to 5 V), with long-term stability up to 76 000 cycles with no electrode delamination or deterioration. The observed behavior is due to both the intrinsic features of the ionic gel (elasticity and ionic transport capability) and the electrical and morphological features of the electrodes, providing low specific resistance (<100 Ω cm-2 ), high electrochemical capacitance (≈mF g-1 ), and minimal mechanical stress at the polymer/metal composite interface upon deformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsong Yan
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
- SEMM-European School of Molecular Medicine, Campus IFOM-IEO, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
| | - Tommaso Santaniello
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Giacomo Bettini
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Chloé Minnai
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Bellacicca
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Riccardo Porotti
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ilaria Denti
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriele Faraone
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Merlini
- Department of Earth Science "Ardito Desio", University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli/Botticelli, 32/23, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Lenardi
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Milani
- Interdisciplinary Centre for Nanostructured Materials and Interfaces (CIMaINa), Physics Department, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133, Milan, Italy
- SEMM-European School of Molecular Medicine, Campus IFOM-IEO, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milan, Italy
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35
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Morozova SM, Shaplov AS, Lozinskaya EI, Vlasov PS, Sardon H, Mecerreyes D, Vygodskii YS. Poly(ionic liquid)-based polyurethanes having imidazolium, ammonium, morpholinium or pyrrolidinium cations. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008317701551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of cationic polyelectrolytes based on condensation-derived backbone is rarely performed due to the difficulty obtaining of the respective ionic monomers in high purity. Despite such an approach is favorable as it results in ionic polymers with well-defined chemical structure and ionic group distribution. In this work two efficient methods are presented for the synthesis of ionic diols in high purity, namely the technique with pyranyl protection of OH-groups and the direct quaternization of tertiary amine alcohols. Applying these methods five novel ionic diols bearing various cations, namely, 1,1-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium bromide, 4,4-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)morpholin-4-ium bromide, N, N-bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylethanammonium, 1,1′-(pentane-1,5-diyl)bis(1-(2-hydroxyethyl)pyrrolidin-1-ium) dibromide, and 3-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-(5-(3-(3-hydroxypropyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium-1-yl)pentyl)-1H-imidazol-3-ium dibromide, were synthesized in high purity and high yields. The tin(II) mediated solution polycondensation of ionic diols with commercial hexamethylene diisocyanate or 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) resulted in a series of ionic, high molecular weight ( Mw = 2.3 × 104 −8.0 × 104) polyurethanes (PUs). The influence of various reaction parameters including reaction temperature and time, catalyst concentration and solvent nature upon PUs molecular weight was investigated. After the exchange of bromide to (CF3SO2)2N- anion the obtained poly(ionic liquid)s exhibit high thermal stability with onset mass loss above 225°C and demonstrate glass transition temperatures in the wide range from −22°C to 76°C depending on the nature of ionic diol used. Ionic PUs present excellent solubility in most organic solvents and are capable to form tough, flexible films with tensile strength up to 29.7 MPa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia M Morozova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shaplov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Elena I Lozinskaya
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
| | - Petr S Vlasov
- Department of Macromolecular Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - David Mecerreyes
- POLYMAT University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Yakov S Vygodskii
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds Russian Academy of Sciences (INEOS RAS), Moscow, Russia
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36
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Foroutan M, Fatemi SM, Esmaeilian F. A review of the structure and dynamics of nanoconfined water and ionic liquids via molecular dynamics simulation. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2017; 40:19. [PMID: 28229319 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2017-11507-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
During the past decade, the research on fluids in nanoconfined geometries has received considerable attention as a consequence of their wide applications in different fields. Several nanoconfined systems such as water and ionic liquids, together with an equally impressive array of nanoconfining media such as carbon nanotube, graphene and graphene oxide have received increasingly growing interest in the past years. Water is the first system that has been reviewed in this article, due to its important role in transport phenomena in environmental sciences. Water is often considered as a highly nanoconfined system, due to its reduction to a few layers of water molecules between the extended surface of large macromolecules. The second system discussed here is ionic liquids, which have been widely studied in the modern green chemistry movement. Considering the great importance of ionic liquids in industry, and also their oil/water counterpart, nanoconfined ionic liquid system has become an important area of research with many fascinating applications. Furthermore, the method of molecular dynamics simulation is one of the major tools in the theoretical study of water and ionic liquids in nanoconfinement, which increasingly has been joined with experimental procedures. In this way, the choice of water and ionic liquids in nanoconfinement is justified by applying molecular dynamics simulation approaches in this review article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masumeh Foroutan
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - S Mahmood Fatemi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farshad Esmaeilian
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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37
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One-volt-driven superfast polymer actuators based on single-ion conductors. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13576. [PMID: 27857067 PMCID: PMC5120218 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The key challenges in the advancement of actuator technologies related to artificial muscles include fast-response time, low operation voltages and durability. Although several researchers have tackled these challenges over the last few decades, no breakthrough has been made. Here we describe a platform for the development of soft actuators that moves a few millimetres under 1 V in air, with a superfast response time of tens of milliseconds. An essential component of this actuator is the single-ion-conducting polymers that contain well-defined ionic domains through the introduction of zwitterions; this achieved an exceptionally high dielectric constant of 76 and a 300-fold enhancement in ionic conductivity. Moreover, the actuator demonstrated long-term durability, with negligible changes in the actuator stroke over 20,000 cycles in air. Owing to its low-power consumption (only 4 mW), we believe that this actuator could pave the way for cutting-edge biomimetic technologies in the future. Achieving a balance of desirable mechanical properties with low power consumption is important for developing soft actuator technologies. Here, the authors report single-ion-conducting polymers that function as fast, durable actuators at low voltages.
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38
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Zheng W, Cornelius C. Solvent tunable multi-block ionomer morphology and its relationship to modulus, water swelling, directionally dependent ion transport, and actuator performance. POLYMER 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2016.09.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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39
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Shaplov AS, Ponkratov DO, Vygodskii YS. Poly(ionic liquid)s: Synthesis, properties, and application. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES B 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s156009041602007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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40
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Choi UH, Mittal A, Price TL, Colby RH, Gibson HW. Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids as Initiators in Ring Opening Polymerization: Ionic Conduction and Dielectric Response of End-Functional Polycaprolactones and Their Block Copolymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201500424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- U Hyeok Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802 USA
- Functional Composites Department; Korea Institute of Materials Science; Changwon 642-831 Korea
| | - Anuj Mittal
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
- Momentive Performance Materials Pvt. Ltd.; Bangalore Karnataka 560100 India
| | - Terry L. Price
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Ralph H. Colby
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Harry W. Gibson
- Department of Chemistry; Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute; Virginia Tech; Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
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41
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Margaretta E, Fahs GB, Inglefield DL, Jangu C, Wang D, Heflin JR, Moore RB, Long TE. Imidazolium-Containing ABA Triblock Copolymers as Electroactive Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:1280-8. [PMID: 26699795 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b09965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Two-step reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and two subsequent postpolymerization modification steps afforded well-defined ABA triblock copolymers featuring mechanically reinforcing polystyrene outer blocks and 1-methylimidazole-neutralized poly(acrylic acid)-based central blocks. Size exclusion chromatography and (1)H NMR spectroscopy confirmed predictable molecular weights and narrow distributions. The ionic liquid (IL) 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([EMIm][OTf]) was incorporated at 30 wt % into polymeric films. Thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis determined the thermomechanical properties of the polymers and polymer-IL composites. Atomic force microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) determined surface and bulk morphologies, and poly(Sty-b-AA(MeIm)-b-Sty) exhibited a change from packed cylindrical to lamellar morphology in SAXS upon IL incorporation. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy determined the in-plane ionic conductivities of the polymer-IL membranes (σ ∼ 10(-4) S/cm). A device fabricated from poly(Sty-b-AA(MeIm)-b-Sty) with 30 wt % incorporated IL demonstrated mechanical actuation under a low applied voltage of 4 V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evan Margaretta
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Gregory B Fahs
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - David L Inglefield
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Chainika Jangu
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - James R Heflin
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Robert B Moore
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Timothy E Long
- Department of Chemistry, Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, and ‡Department of Physics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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42
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Schultz AR, Fahs GB, Jangu C, Chen M, Moore RB, Long TE. Phosphonium-containing diblock copolymers from living anionic polymerization of 4-diphenylphosphino styrene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:950-3. [PMID: 26587572 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc08699j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Living anionic polymerization of 4-diphenylphosphino styrene (DPPS) achieved well-defined homopolymers, poly(DPPS-b-S) styrenic block copolymers, and poly(I-b-DPPS) diene-based diblock copolymers with predictable molecular weights and narrow polydispersities. In situ FTIR spectroscopy monitored the anionic polymerization of DPPS and tracked monomer consumption for kinetic analysis. Post-alkylation enabled controlled placement of phosphonium functionality in poly(I-b-DPPS) diblock copolymers, producing well-defined phosphonium-containing block copolymers with low degrees of compositional heterogeneity. Incorporating phosphonium charge disrupted the lamellar bulk morphology of the neutral diblock precursor and provided morphologies with interdigitated packing of alkyl chains on the phosphonium cation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison R Schultz
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Gregory B Fahs
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Chainika Jangu
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Mingtao Chen
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Robert B Moore
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Timothy E Long
- Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute, Department of Chemistry, 80 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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43
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Srour H, Leocmach M, Maffeis V, Ghogia AC, Denis-Quanquin S, Taberlet N, Manneville S, Andraud C, Bucher C, Monnereau C. Poly(ionic liquid)s with controlled architectures and their use in the making of ionogels with high conductivity and tunable rheological properties. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py01138a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the preparation as well as the electrochemical and mechanical properties of a series of novel well-defined poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) featuring a finely tuned cross-linking ratio.
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44
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Aryal D, Perahia D, Grest GS. Solvent controlled ion association in structured copolymers: Molecular dynamics simulations in dilute solutions. J Chem Phys 2015; 143:124905. [PMID: 26429039 DOI: 10.1063/1.4931657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the nature of individual segments within ion containing block co-polymers is one critical design tool to achieve desired properties. The local structure including the size and distribution of the ionic blocks, as well as the long range correlations, are crucial for their transport ability. Here, we present molecular dynamics simulations on the effects of varying the concentrations of the ionizable groups on the conformations of pentablock ionomer that consist of a center block of ionic sulfonated styrene tethered to polyethylene and terminated by a bulky substituted styrene in dilute solutions. Sulfonation fractions f (0 ≤ f ≤ 0.55), spanning the range from ionomer to polyelectrolytes, were studied. Results for the equilibrium conformation of the chains in water and a 1:1 mixture of cyclohexane and heptane are compared to that in implicit poor solvents with dielectric constants ε = 1.0 and 77.73. In water, the pentablock collapses with the sulfonated groups on the outer surface. As f increases, the ionic, center block increasingly segregates from the hydrophobic regions. In the 1:1 mixture of cyclohexane and heptane, the flexible blocks swell, while the center ionic block collapses for f > 0. For f = 0, all blocks swell. In both implicit poor solvents, the pentablock collapses into a nearly spherical shape for all f. The sodium counterions disperse widely throughout the simulation cell for both water and ε = 77.73, whereas for ε = 1.0 and mixture of cyclohexane and heptane, the counterions largely condense onto the collapsed pentablock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipak Aryal
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Dvora Perahia
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, USA
| | - Gary S Grest
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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45
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Shaplov AS, Marcilla R, Mecerreyes D. Recent Advances in Innovative Polymer Electrolytes based on Poly(ionic liquid)s. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 303] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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46
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Jangu C, Savage AM, Zhang Z, Schultz AR, Madsen LA, Beyer FL, Long TE. Sulfonimide-Containing Triblock Copolymers for Improved Conductivity and Mechanical Performance. Macromolecules 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.5b01009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chainika Jangu
- Department of Chemistry & Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alice M. Savage
- U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005-5069, United States
| | - Zhiyang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Alison R. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry & Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Department of Chemistry & Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Frederick L. Beyer
- U.S. Army
Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005-5069, United States
| | - Timothy E. Long
- Department of Chemistry & Macromolecules and Interfaces Institute (MII), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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47
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Zhao Q, Heyda J, Dzubiella J, Täuber K, Dunlop JWC, Yuan J. Sensing Solvents with Ultrasensitive Porous Poly(ionic liquid) Actuators. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:2913-2917. [PMID: 25828569 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201500533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2015] [Revised: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- Department of Colloid Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, D-14424, Potsdam, Germany
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48
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Jiang Y, Freyer JL, Cotanda P, Brucks SD, Killops KL, Bandar JS, Torsitano C, Balsara NP, Lambert TH, Campos LM. The evolution of cyclopropenium ions into functional polyelectrolytes. Nat Commun 2015; 6:5950. [PMID: 25575214 PMCID: PMC4354017 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Versatile polyelectrolytes with tunable physical properties have the potential to be transformative in applications such as energy storage, fuel cells and various electronic devices. Among the types of materials available for these applications, nanostructured cationic block copolyelectrolytes offer mechanical integrity and well-defined conducting paths for ionic transport. To date, most cationic polyelectrolytes bear charge formally localized on heteroatoms and lack broad modularity to tune their physical properties. To overcome these challenges, we describe herein the development of a new class of functional polyelectrolytes based on the aromatic cyclopropenium ion. We demonstrate the facile synthesis of a series of polymers and nanoparticles based on monomeric cyclopropenium building blocks incorporating various functional groups that affect physical properties. The materials exhibit high ionic conductivity and thermal stability due to the nature of the cationic moieties, thus rendering this class of new materials as an attractive alternative to develop ion-conducting membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yivan Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Jessica L. Freyer
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Pepa Cotanda
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Spencer D. Brucks
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Kato L. Killops
- Edgewood Chemical Biological Center, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, Maryland 21010, USA
| | - Jeffrey S. Bandar
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | | | - Nitash P. Balsara
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Materials Sciences Division, Environmental Energy Technologies Division and Joint Center for Energy Storage, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Tristan H. Lambert
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - Luis M. Campos
- Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
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49
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Cordella D, Kermagoret A, Debuigne A, Riva R, German I, Isik M, Jérôme C, Mecerreyes D, Taton D, Detrembleur C. Direct Route to Well-Defined Poly(ionic liquid)s by Controlled Radical Polymerization in Water. ACS Macro Lett 2014; 3:1276-1280. [PMID: 35610840 DOI: 10.1021/mz500721r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The precision synthesis of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) in water is achieved for the first time by the cobalt-mediated radical polymerization (CMRP) of N-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium-type monomers following two distinct protocols. The first involves the CMRP of various 1-vinyl-3-alkylimidazolium bromides conducted in water in the presence of an alkyl-cobalt(III) complex acting as a monocomponent initiator and mediating agent. Excellent control over molar mass and dispersity is achieved at 30 °C. Polymerizations are complete in a few hours, and PIL chain-end fidelity is demonstrated up to high monomer conversions. The second route uses the commercially available bis(acetylacetonato)cobalt(II) (Co(acac)2) in conjunction with a simple hydroperoxide initiator (tert-butyl hydroperoxide) at 30, 40, and 50 °C in water, facilitating the scaling-up of the technology. Both routes prove robust and straightforward, opening new perspectives onto the tailored synthesis of PILs under mild experimental conditions in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Cordella
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Anthony Kermagoret
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Raphaël Riva
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Ian German
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Mehmet Isik
- Institute
for Polymer Materials (POLYMAT), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-san Sebastian, Spain
| | - Christine Jérôme
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - David Mecerreyes
- Institute
for Polymer Materials (POLYMAT), University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-san Sebastian, Spain
| | - Daniel Taton
- Laboratoire
de Chimie des Polymères Organiques (LCPO), IPB-ENSCBP, Université de Bordeaux, F-33607 Pessac Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center
for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Chemistry Department, University of Liege (ULg), Sart-Tilman, B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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50
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Thong Z, Han G, Cui Y, Gao J, Chung TS, Chan SY, Wei S. Novel nanofiltration membranes consisting of a sulfonated pentablock copolymer rejection layer for heavy metal removal. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:13880-13887. [PMID: 25369240 DOI: 10.1021/es5031239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Facing stringent regulations on wastewater discharge containing heavy metal ions, various industries are demanding more efficient and effective treatment methods. Among the methods available, nanofiltration (NF) is a feasible and promising option. However, the development of new membrane materials is constantly required for the advancement of this technology. This is a report of the first attempt to develop a composite NF membrane comprising a molecularly designed pentablock copolymer selective layer for the removal of heavy metal ions. The resultant NF membrane has a mean effective pore diameter of 0.50 nm, a molecular weight cutoff of 255 Da, and a reasonably high pure water permeability (A) of 2.4 LMH/bar. The newly developed NF membrane can effectively remove heavy metal cations such as Pb(2+), Cd(2+), Zn(2+), and Ni(2+) with a rejection of >98.0%. On the other hand, the membrane also shows reasonably high rejections toward anions such as HAsO4(2-) (99.9%) and HCrO4(-) (92.3%). This performance can be attributed to (1) the pentablock copolymer's unique ability to form a continuous water transport passageway with a defined pore size and (2) the incorporation of polyethylenimine as a gutter layer between the selective layer and the substrate. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported NF membrane comprising this pentablock copolymer as the selective material. The promising preliminary results achieved in this study provide a useful platform for the development of new NF membranes for heavy metal removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Thong
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and ‡Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119260
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