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Moradpour B, Omidyan R. Photophysical properties of Pt(ii) complexes based on the benzoquinoline (bzq) ligand with OLED implication: a theoretical study. RSC Adv 2024; 14:20278-20289. [PMID: 38919282 PMCID: PMC11197014 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03334e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we investigate photophysical properties of eight inorganic Pt(ii) complexes containing the bzq (benzoquinoline) ligand for OLED applications using high-level density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. We explore the radiative and non-radiative relaxation constants (k r, k nr), spin-orbit coupling (SOC) matrix elements, and spectral properties. To ensure compatibility between the host and guest compounds, we determine the HOMO and LUMO energy levels, as well as the triplet excitation energies of the selected systems, and evaluate their efficiency for OLED devices. Our findings indicate that all systems, except for 2a and 2b, exhibit a small S1-T1 energetic gap (ΔE ≤ 0.60 eV) and promising SOC matrix elements (25-93 cm-1), leading to a significant intersystem crossing (ISC) process. These complexes also show promising radiative relaxation rates (k r = ∼10-4 s-1) and high phosphorescent quantum yields (Φ > 30%). Thus, our results confirm that six out of the eight selected Pt(ii) complexes are promising candidates for use in the emitting layer (EML) of OLED devices as efficient green emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batool Moradpour
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan 81746-73441 Isfahan Iran +98 31 3668 9732
| | - Reza Omidyan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Isfahan 81746-73441 Isfahan Iran +98 31 3668 9732
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2
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Zhou AH, Han T, Si PB, Liu XQ, Teng MY, Huang GL, Liu B, Wang Q, Zhang J. Synthesis and properties of a series of iridium complexes with naphthalenyl imidazo[2,1-b]thiazole derivatives as primary ligands. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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3
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Gong E, Liu L, Deng X, Chen X, Zhong D, Su B, Yang I, Zhou G, Jiao B. Ir(III) phosphorescent complexes with the ligands attaching pyridyl group to 4-position of dibenzo[b,d]thiophene-S,S-dioxide/dibenzo[b,d]thiophene unit and their efficient solution-processed OLEDs. J Organomet Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2022.122562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Ma H, Liu D, Li J, Mei Y, Li D, Ding Y, Wei W. Sky-blue iridium complexes with pyrimidine ligands for highly efficient phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj01262a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three sky blue heteroleptic Ir(III) complexes with emission peaks at 457–459 nm, have been developed. A maximum quantum efficiency of 21.23% with CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.26) is realized in their PhOLEDs, representing a higher efficiencies and improved color purities than FIrpic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Di Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Jiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yongqiang Mei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Deli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Yong Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
| | - Wenkui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian
- China
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Xing Y, Qiao C, Li X, Li C, Wang H, Li F, Di L, Yang Z. The dependence of oxygen sensitivity on the molecular structures of Ir(iii) complexes and their application for photostable and reversible luminescent oxygen sensing. RSC Adv 2019; 9:15370-15380. [PMID: 35514823 PMCID: PMC9064210 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra02277e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The delocalization of spin populations (DSPs) could be used to describe the dependence of oxygen sensitivity on the molecular structures of Ir(iii) complexes. And excellent operational stability of an Ir(iii) oxygen sensing film is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xing
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
| | - Chengfang Qiao
- College of Chemical Engineering and Modern Materials
- Shangluo University
- Shangluo 726000
- China
| | - Xinmin Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
- China
| | - Chun Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
| | - Honghao Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
| | - Fayun Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
| | - Ling Di
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
| | - Zhanxu Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Environmental Engineering
- Liaoning Shihua University
- Fushun 113001
- China
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6
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Lee CH, Tang MC, Cheung WL, Lai SL, Chan MY, Yam VWW. Highly luminescent phosphine oxide-containing bipolar alkynylgold(iii) complexes for solution-processable organic light-emitting devices with small efficiency roll-offs. Chem Sci 2018; 9:6228-6232. [PMID: 30090310 PMCID: PMC6062897 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02265h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the synthesis of alkynylgold(iii) complexes with an electron-transporting phosphine oxide moiety in the tridentate ligand and hole-transporting triarylamine moieties as auxiliary ligands to generate a new class of phosphine oxide-containing bipolar gold(iii) complexes for the first time. Such gold(iii) complexes feature high photoluminescence quantum yields of over 70% in 1,3-bis(N-carbazolyl)benzene thin films with relatively short excited-state lifetimes of less than 3.9 μs at a 20 wt% dopant concentration. Highly efficient solution-processable organic light-emitting devices have been prepared with superior current efficiencies of up to 51.6 cd A-1 and external quantum efficiencies of up to 15.3%. Notably, triplet-triplet annihilation has been significantly reduced, as exemplified by a very small efficiency roll-off of ∼1% at a practical brightness of 500 cd m-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Ho Lee
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Man-Chung Tang
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Wai-Lung Cheung
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Shiu-Lun Lai
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Mei-Yee Chan
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
| | - Vivian Wing-Wah Yam
- Institute of Molecular Functional Materials (Areas of Excellence Scheme, University Grants Committee) and Department of Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong , P. R. China . ; ; Tel: +86 852 2859 2153
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Li W, Li J, Liu D, Li D, Zhang D. Dual n-type units including pyridine and diphenylphosphine oxide: effective design strategy of host materials for high-performance organic light-emitting diodes. Chem Sci 2016; 7:6706-6714. [PMID: 28451114 PMCID: PMC5355805 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc01797e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
By using pyridine and diphenylphosphine oxide (DPPO) as dual n-type units, two novel bipolar hosts, namely (5-(3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)pyridin-3-yl)diphenylphosphine oxide (m-PyPOmCP), and (6-(3,5-di(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl)pyridin-3-yl)diphenylphosphine oxide (p-PyPOmCP) are developed for blue and green phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (PhOLEDs). Direct linking of the dual n-type units not only pulls the LUMOs down, but also keeps the HOMO levels shallow, and leads to high triplet energies (2.78-2.86 eV) and small singlet-triplet energy differences (0.23-0.35 eV). Blue and green PhOLEDs are fabricated using FIrpic and Ir(ppy)3 as dopants in the hosts. A low turn-on voltage of 2.6 V is achieved for the green PhOLEDs. The m-PyPOmCP hosted blue PhOLED achieves a high current efficiency of 55.6 cd A-1 (corresponding to a maximum external quantum efficiency of 25.3% and a power efficiency of 43.6 lm W-1). The p-PyPOmCP hosted green PhOLED exhibits an efficiency of 98.2 cd A-1 (28.2% and 102.8 lm W-1). These data are among the best values for blue and green PhOLEDs reported so far. These "dual n-type units" hosts show much better performance than their DPPO-free analogue, clearly proving that the direct linking of DPPO and pyridine as dual n-type units is an effective molecular design strategy for host materials for use in high-performance PhOLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , College of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , 2 Linggong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China .
| | - Jiuyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals , College of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , 2 Linggong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China .
| | - Di Liu
- College of Chemistry , Dalian University of Technology , P. R. China
| | - Deli Li
- College of Chemistry , Dalian University of Technology , P. R. China
| | - Dan Zhang
- College of Chemistry , Dalian University of Technology , P. R. China
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9
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Yang X, Zhou G, Wong WY. Functionalization of phosphorescent emitters and their host materials by main-group elements for phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:8484-575. [PMID: 26245654 DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00424a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 393] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) have attracted increased attention from both academic and industrial communities due to their potential practical application in high-resolution full-color displays and energy-saving solid-state lightings. The performance of phosphorescent OLEDs is mainly limited by the phosphorescent transition metal complexes (such as iridium(III), platinum(II), gold(III), ruthenium(II), copper(I) and osmium(II) complexes, etc.) which can play a crucial role in furnishing efficient energy transfer, balanced charge injection/transporting character and high quantum efficiency in the devices. It has been shown that functionalized main-group element (such as boron, silicon, nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulfur and fluorine, etc.) moieties can be incorporated into phosphorescent emitters and their host materials to tune their triplet energies, frontier molecular orbital energies, charge injection/transporting behavior, photophysical properties and thermal stability and hence bring about highly efficient phosphorescent OLEDs. So, in this review, the recent advances in the phosphorescent emitters and their host materials functionalized with various main-group moieties will be introduced from the point of view of their structure-property relationship. The main emphasis lies on the important role played by the main-group element groups in addressing the key issues of both phosphorescent emitters and their host materials to fulfill high-performance phosphorescent OLEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P. R. China.
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Fan C, Yang C. Yellow/orange emissive heavy-metal complexes as phosphors in monochromatic and white organic light-emitting devices. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 43:6439-69. [PMID: 24927103 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00110a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Owing to the electron spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and fast intersystem crossing (ISC), heavy-metal complexes (such as iridium(III), platinum(II) and osmium(II) complexes, etc.) are phosphorescent emitters at room temperature. Since 1998, heavy-metal complexes as phosphors have received considerable academic and industrial attention in the field of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), because they can harvest both the singlet (25%) and triplet (75%) excitons for emission during the electro-generated processes. Among all the visible colors (blue, green, yellow, orange and red), the yellow/orange heavy-metal complexes play an important role for realizing full-color OLEDs as well as high-efficiency white OLEDs, and thus the development of highly efficient yellow/orange heavy-metal complexes is a pressing concern. In this article, we will review the progress on yellow/orange heavy-metal complexes as phosphors in OLEDs. The general principles and useful tactics for designing the yellow/orange heavy-metal complexes will be systematically summarized. The structure-property relationship and electrophosphorescence performance of the yellow/orange heavy-metal complexes in monochromatic phosphorescent OLEDs (PhOLEDs) and white OLEDs (WOLEDs) will be comprehensively surveyed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Fan
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Hubei Key Lab on Organic and Polymeric Optoelectronic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Chen D, Han L, Liu D, Ye K, Liu Y, Zhang J, Wang Y. High performance blue-green and green phosphorescent OLEDs based on iridium complexes with N^C^N-coordinated terdentate ligands. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra17122e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two iridium complexes with N^C^N-coordinated terdentate ligands exhibit high PE and EQE values of 35.5 lm W−1 & 15.8% for blue-green emission, 47.4 lm W−1 & 16.7% for green emission via direct charge recombination on both dopant emitters in the bipolar host–dopant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Kaiqi Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Jingying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130012
- P. R. China
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Xu X, Yang X, Wu Y, Zhou G, Wu C, Wong WY. tris-Heteroleptic Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Ambipolar or Electron Injection/Transport Features for Highly Efficient Electrophosphorescent Devices. Chem Asian J 2014; 10:252-62. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201403057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Choy WCH, Chan WK, Yuan Y. Recent advances in transition metal complexes and light-management engineering in organic optoelectronic devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2014; 26:5368-5398. [PMID: 25042158 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201306133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two of the recent major research topics in optoelectronic devices are discussed: the development of new organic materials (both molecular and polymeric) for the active layer of organic optoelectronic devices (particularly organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)), and light management, including light extraction for OLEDs and light trapping for organic solar cells (OSCs). In the first section, recent developments of phosphorescent transition metal complexes for OLEDs in the past 3-4 years are reviewed. The discussion is focused on the development of metal complexes based on iridium, platinum, and a few other transition metals. In the second part, different light-management strategies in the design of OLEDs with improved light extraction, and of OSCs with improved light trapping is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wallace C H Choy
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Li W, Li J, Wang M. Organic Host Materials for Solution-Processed Phosphorescent Organic Light-Emitting Diodes. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Efficient greenish-blue phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes containing carbene and triazole chromophores for organic light-emitting diodes. J Organomet Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Xu X, Yang X, Dang J, Zhou G, Wu Y, Li H, Wong WY. Trifunctional IrIII ppy-type asymmetric phosphorescent emitters with ambipolar features for highly efficient electroluminescent devices. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:2473-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47875k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Wang CC, Jing YM, Li TY, Xu QL, Zhang S, Li WN, Zheng YX, Zuo JL, You XZ, Wang XQ. Syntheses, Photoluminescence, and Electroluminescence of Iridium(III) Complexes with Fluorinated 2-Phenylpyridine as Main Ligands and Tertraphenylimidodiphosphinate as Ancillary Ligand. Eur J Inorg Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201300861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Zhang F, Wang L, Chang SH, Huang KL, Chi Y, Hung WY, Chen CM, Lee GH, Chou PT. Phosphorescent Ir(iii) complexes with both cyclometalate chromophores and phosphine-silanolate ancillary: concurrent conversion of organosilane to silanolate. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:7111-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32408g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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