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Abbas N, Song S, Chang MS, Chun MS. Point-of-Care Diagnostic Devices for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Using Microfluidic Systems: A Focused Review. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:741. [PMID: 37504139 PMCID: PMC10377133 DOI: 10.3390/bios13070741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial infections represent a serious and global threat in modern medicine; thus, it is very important to rapidly detect pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7. Once treatments are delayed after the commencement of symptoms, the patient's health quickly deteriorates. Hence, real-time detection and monitoring of infectious agents are highly critical in early diagnosis for correct treatment and safeguarding public health. To detect these pathogenic bacteria, many approaches have been applied by the biosensors community, for example, widely-used polymerase chain reaction (PCR), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), culture-based method, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence. However, these approaches have drawbacks, such as time-consumption, expensive equipment, and being labor-intensive, making it critical to develop ultra-sensitive and highly selective detection. The microfluidic platform based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), electrochemical sensing, and rolling circle amplification (RCA) offers proper alternatives capable of supplementing the technological gap for pathogen detection. Note that the microfluidic biochip allows to develop rapid, sensitive, portable, and point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools. This review focuses on recent studies regarding accurate and rapid detection of E. coli O157:H7, with an emphasis on POC methods and devices that complement microfluidic systems. We also examine the efficient whole-body detection by employing antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which has attracted growing attention in many applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseem Abbas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sejong University, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05006, Republic of Korea
| | - Sehyeon Song
- Laboratory of Stem Cell & Neurobiology, Department of Oral Anatomy & Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Sook Chang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell & Neurobiology, Department of Oral Anatomy & Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Seoul National University College of Natural Sciences, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Suk Chun
- Sensor System Research Center, Advanced Materials Research Division, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Biomedical Engineering Division, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
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2
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Hong H, Yuan R, Ma H, Xiao L, Li B, Wang K. Accurate and ultrasensitive detection for PEDV based on photoelectrochemical sensing coupling loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Talanta 2023; 258:124476. [PMID: 36989618 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) is a serious disease requiring a simple and accurate detection method. Accordingly, this study developed a novel, ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing platform using the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique (LAMP-PEC). An amino (-NH2)-modified LAMP product is obtained by amplification of the PED virus gene with specially designed primers. The generated NH2-modified LAMP product is assembled on the surface of an electrode by forming imine linkages between aldehyde and amino groups based on the Schiff base reaction. A stable photocurrent is provided by a CdIn2S4 photoactive material, which possesses high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Amplified DNA assembled on the electrode surface increases steric hindrance and hinders electrons from moving from the electrode to electron acceptors, which decreases the photocurrent. This strategy can detect PEDV with a low detection limit of 0.3 fg μL-1 and a wide linear range of 1 × 10-3-1 × 102 pg/μL. The sensing platform has excellent specificity and sensitivity and can be used for the quantitative detection of many other pathogens with the assistance of LAMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghong Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Ruishuang Yuan
- School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Hanyu Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Liting Xiao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, OE, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, PR China.
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3
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Li M, Ge H, Sun Z, Fu J, Cao L, Feng X, Meng G, Peng Y, Liu Y, Zhao C. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification-enabled analytical assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2: A review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1068015. [PMID: 36619749 PMCID: PMC9816412 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1068015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of words: 4645, the number of figures: 4, the number of tables: 1The outbreak of COVID-19 in December 2019 caused a global pandemic of acute respiratory disease, and with the increasing virulence of mutant strains and the number of confirmed cases, this has resulted in a tremendous threat to global public health. Therefore, an accurate diagnosis of COVID-19 is urgently needed for rapid control of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. As a new molecular biology technology, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) has the advantages of convenient operation, speed, low cost and high sensitivity and specificity. In the past two years, rampant COVID-19 and the continuous variation in the virus strains have demanded higher requirements for the rapid detection of pathogens. Compared with conventional RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR methods, genotyping RT-LAMP method and LAMP plus peptide nucleic acid (PNA) probe detection methods have been developed to correctly identified SARS-CoV-2 variants, which is also why LAMP technology has attracted much attention. LAMP detection technology combined with lateral flow assay, microfluidic technology and other sensing technologies can effectively enhance signals by nucleic acid amplification and help to give the resulting output in a faster, more convenient and user-friendly way. At present, LAMP plays an important role in the detection of SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingna Li
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China,College of medical technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Hongjuan Ge
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhe Sun
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China,College of medical technology, Beihua University, Jilin, China
| | - Jangshan Fu
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Lele Cao
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Xinrui Feng
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China,Medical college, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Guixian Meng
- College of medical laboratory, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China
| | - Yubo Peng
- Business School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Yan Liu
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Yan Liu, ; Chen Zhao,
| | - Chen Zhao
- College of public health, Jilin Medical University, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Yan Liu, ; Chen Zhao,
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4
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Tang C, Liu H, Pan W, Wang M, Ren J, Chen Z, Chen H, Deng Y, Li S. Naked-Eye Detection of Food-Borne Pathogens Using Multiplex Hyperbranched Rolling Circle Amplification and Magnetic Particles. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1075. [PMID: 36551042 PMCID: PMC9775014 DOI: 10.3390/bios12121075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Food safety is a significant public health issue in both developed and developing countries. Previous detection methods struggle to meet the current demands. We have proposed a new way to detect pathogens, allowing detection to be visualized by the naked eye. Using our newly developed assay, when target genes are present in the reaction, corresponding padlock probes form closed-loop molecules. Each reaction tube contains a pair of universal primers for identifying target genes. The ring padlock probes and corresponding universal primers start hyperbranched rolling circle amplification (HRCA) under the action of the polymerase, so as to gain branched chain amplification products, which are irreversibly entangled with magnetic particles to form aggregated magnetic particle clusters, and the detection results are visible to naked eyes. On the contrary, by using linear probes, the clustering of magnetic particles will not be produced. This method was applied to the detection of five food-borne pathogens enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) and Escherichia coli (E. coli), with detection limits of 1 × 103, 1 × 104, 1 × 103, 1 × 104 and 1 × 102 CFU/mL, respectively. This method can realize multiplex automatic detection of nucleic acid and shows great development potential in the field of molecular diagnosis.
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5
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Lin PH, Li BR. Passively driven microfluidic device with simple operation in the development of nanolitre droplet assay in nucleic acid detection. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21019. [PMID: 34697372 PMCID: PMC8549005 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00470-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Since nucleic acid amplification technology has become a vital tool for disease diagnosis, the development of precise applied nucleic acid detection technologies in point-of care testing (POCT) has become more significant. The microfluidic-based nucleic acid detection platform offers a great opportunity for on-site diagnosis efficiency, and the system is aimed at user-friendly access. Herein, we demonstrate a microfluidic system with simple operation that provides reliable nucleic acid results from 18 uniform droplets via LAMP detection. By using only micropipette regulation, users are able to control the nanoliter scale of the droplets in this valve-free and pump-free microfluidic (MF) chip. Based on the oil enclosure method and impermeable fabrication, we successfully preserved the reagent inside the microfluidic system, which significantly reduced the fluid loss and condensation. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of the fluorescence intensity between the droplets and during the heating process was < 5% and 2.0%, respectively. Additionally, for different nucleic acid detection methods, the MF-LAMP chip in this study showed good applicability to both genome detection and gene expression analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Heng Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseh Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Bor-Ran Li
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta-Hseh Rd., Hsinchu, Taiwan.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
- Center for Emergent Functional Matter Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.
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6
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Lu Q, Su T, Shang Z, Jin D, Shu Y, Xu Q, Hu X. Flexible paper-based Ni-MOF composite/AuNPs/CNTs film electrode for HIV DNA detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113229. [PMID: 33894427 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is very important to develop a rapid, simple, low cost point-of-care (POC) method for the early diagnosis of pathogens. In this work, a flexible paper-based electrode based on nickel metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF) composite/Au nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes/polyvinyl alcohol (Ni-Au composite/CNT/PVA) was constructed to detect target human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) DNA by DNA hybridization using methylene blue (MB) as a redox indicator. The CNT/PVA and Ni-Au composite were deposited on the cellulose membrane by vacuum filtration and drop-coating method in turn to obtain Ni-Au composite/CNT/PVA (CCP) film electrode. Compared to the CNT/PVA film electrode, CCP film electrode makes a higher loading of the probe DNA for its large specific surface area and conjugated π-electron system that can provide hydrogen bond sources to achieve interactions between MOF and single-stranded DNA, which improves the sensitivity for detecting target DNA. The variation of peak current for MB molecules adsorbed onto DNA before and after hybridization with HIV DNA was monitored. Electrochemical results proved that the CCP film maintained stable electrochemical property even after bending 200 times or stretching under different strains from 0% to 20%. The flexible paper electrode showed excellent sensing performance with a linear range of 10 nM-1 μM and a low detection limit of 0.13 nM. The target HIV DNA was successfully detected even in complex serum samples using the flexible CCP film electrode. Therefore, the simple and inexpensive flexible paper-based MOF composite film electrode can also be utilized for other pathogens POC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Tong Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Zhenjiao Shang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Dangqin Jin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou Polytechnic Institute, Yangzhou, 225127, PR China
| | - Yun Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China.
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China
| | - Xiaoya Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225002, PR China.
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7
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Berger J, Aydin MY, Stavins R, Heredia J, Mostafa A, Ganguli A, Valera E, Bashir R, King WP. Portable Pathogen Diagnostics Using Microfluidic Cartridges Made from Continuous Liquid Interface Production Additive Manufacturing. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10048-10055. [PMID: 34251790 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical diagnostics based on microfluidic devices have the potential to significantly benefit human health; however, the manufacturing of microfluidic devices is a key limitation to their widespread adoption. Outbreaks of infectious disease continue to demonstrate the need for simple, sensitive, and translatable tests for point-of-care use. Additive manufacturing (AM) is an attractive alternative to conventional approaches for microfluidic device manufacturing based on injection molding; however, there is a need for development and validation of new AM process capabilities and materials that are compatible with microfluidic diagnostics. In this paper, we demonstrate the development and characterization of AM cartridges using continuous liquid interface production (CLIP) and investigate process characteristics and capabilities of the AM microfluidic device manufacturing. We find that CLIP accurately produces microfluidic channels as small as 400 μm and that it is possible to routinely produce fluid channels as small as 100 μm with high repeatability. We also developed a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for detection of E. coli from whole blood directly on the CLIP-based AM microfluidic cartridges, with a 50 cfu/μL limit of detection, validating the use of CLIP processes and materials for pathogen detection. The portable diagnostic platform presented in this paper could be used to investigate and validate other AM processes for microfluidic diagnostics and could be an important component of scaling up the diagnostics for current and future infectious diseases and pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Berger
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Mehmet Y Aydin
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Robert Stavins
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - John Heredia
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Ariana Mostafa
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Anurup Ganguli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Enrique Valera
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Rashid Bashir
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - William P King
- Holonyak Micro and Nano Technology Laboratory, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States.,Carle Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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8
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Qriouet Z, Cherrah Y, Sefrioui H, Qmichou Z. Monoclonal Antibodies Application in Lateral Flow Immunochromatographic Assays for Drugs of Abuse Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:1058. [PMID: 33670468 PMCID: PMC7922373 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral flow assays (lateral flow immunoassays and nucleic acid lateral flow assays) have experienced a great boom in a wide variety of early diagnostic and screening applications. As opposed to conventional examinations (High Performance Liquid Chromatography, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, etc.), they obtain the results of a sample's analysis within a short period. In resource-limited areas, these tests must be simple, reliable, and inexpensive. In this review, we outline the production process of antibodies against drugs of abuse (such as heroin, amphetamine, benzodiazepines, cannabis, etc.), used in lateral flow immunoassays as revelation or detection molecules, with a focus on the components, the principles, the formats, and the mechanisms of reaction of these assays. Further, we report the monoclonal antibody advantages over the polyclonal ones used against drugs of abuse. The perspective on aptamer use for lateral flow assay development was also discussed as a possible alternative to antibodies in view of improving the limit of detection, sensitivity, and specificity of lateral flow assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidane Qriouet
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université Mohammed V-Souissi, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Hassan Sefrioui
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
| | - Zineb Qmichou
- Medical Biotechnology Center, Moroccan Foundation for Advanced Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Rabat 10100, Morocco; (Z.Q.); (H.S.)
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9
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Recent advances in sensitivity enhancement for lateral flow assay. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:379. [PMID: 34647157 PMCID: PMC8513549 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05037-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Conventional lateral flow assay (LFA) is typically performed by observing the color changes in the test lines by naked eyes, which achieves considerable commercial success and has a significant impact on the fields of food safety, environment monitoring, disease diagnosis, and other applications. However, this qualitative detection method is not very suitable for low levels of disease biomarkers' detection. Although many nanomaterials are used as new labels for LFA, additional readers limit their application to some extent. Fortunately, a lot of work has been done for improving the sensitivity of LFA. In this review, currently reported LFA sensitivity enhancement methods with an objective evaluation are summarized, such as sample pretreatment, the change of flow rate, and label evolution, and future development direction and challenges of LFAs are discussed.
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10
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Liao YH, Muthuramalingam K, Tung KH, Chuan HH, Liang KY, Hsu CP, Cheng CM. Portable Device for Quick Detection of Viable Bacteria in Water. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11121079. [PMID: 33291693 PMCID: PMC7761948 DOI: 10.3390/mi11121079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
(1) Background: Access to clean water is a very important factor for human life. However, pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water often cause diseases, and convenient/inexpensive testing methods are urgently needed. (2) Methods: The reagent contains 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and phenazine methosulfate (PMS) and can react with succinate dehydrogenase within bacterial cell membranes to produce visible purple crystals. The colorimetric change of the reagent after reaction can be measured by a sensor (AS7262). (3) Results: Compared with traditional methods, our device is simple to operate and can provide rapid (i.e., 5 min) semi-quantitative results regarding the concentration of bacteria within a test sample. (4) Conclusions: This easy-to-use device, which employs MTT-PMS reagents, can be regarded as a potential and portable tool for rapid water quality determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hsiang Liao
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (K.-H.T.)
| | - Karthickraj Muthuramalingam
- Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan;
| | - Kuo-Hao Tung
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (K.-H.T.)
| | - Ho-Hsien Chuan
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Chu-Tung Branch, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan;
| | - Ko-Yuan Liang
- Center for Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant Research, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan;
- Super Micro Mass Research and Technology Center, Cheng Shiu University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Peng Hsu
- Electronic and Optoelectronic System Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute, Hsinchu 310, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-P.H.); (C.-M.C.)
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan; (Y.-H.L.); (K.-H.T.)
- Correspondence: (C.-P.H.); (C.-M.C.)
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11
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Petrusha OA, Faizuloev EB. [Detection methods for results of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification of DNA.]. Klin Lab Diagn 2020; 65:67-72. [PMID: 32155010 DOI: 10.18821/0869-2084-2020-65-1-67-72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) was developed by T. Notomi et al. in 2000. It has become one of the most promising methods for point-of-care diagnostics due to its accuracy, sensitivity and ease of execution. In this review, various methods for detecting the results of the LAMP reaction are considered; their advantages and disadvantages are revealed. Methods for detecting LAMP results can be divided into indirect and direct. Indirect methods aimed at detecting changes in the chemical composition of the reaction mixture include real-time turbidimetry, fluorescence detection with calcein, colorimetric detection with hydroxynaphthol blue, and detection using modified gold nanoparticles. Direct methods based on the detection of accumulation amplicons during the reaction include fluorimetric detection with intercalating dyes, resonance fluorescence energy transfer, enzyme immunoassay, immunochromatography, using cationic polymers and gold nanoparticles. The development in the field of point-of-care diagnostics is characterized by a pronounced tendency to miniaturization, the LAMP reaction on microchips and microfluidic devices with an electrochemical or optical detection method. The most promising for the diagnosis of infectious diseases are turbidimetry methods and the use of intercalating dyes. The development of portable domestic instruments for detecting of LAMP results based on real-time fluorescence detection or turbidimetry will contribute to the widespread introduction of the method into clinical laboratory diagnostic practice. A literature research was conducted in the Pubmed ncbi based on keywords.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Petrusha
- Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064, Moscow, Russia
| | - E B Faizuloev
- Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, 105064, Moscow, Russia
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12
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Yang H, Xiao M, Lai W, Wan Y, Li L, Pei H. Stochastic DNA Dual-Walkers for Ultrafast Colorimetric Bacteria Detection. Anal Chem 2020; 92:4990-4995. [PMID: 32164404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and reliable pathogen detection is growing in importance in human health and safety. In this work, we report a stochastic DNA dual-walker-based colorimetric biosensor for bacterial detection. In the presence of target bacteria, two kinds of released multiple walking strands are allowed for continuous walking on the Au nanoparticle (AuNP)-based 3D track, resulting in destabilized aggregation of AuNP-based probes. The induced color change from red to blue can serve as an analytical signal for colorimetric detection of target bacteria. We demonstrated that this mothed enables sensitive and specific bacterial detection within 15 min due to its ultrafast reaction kinetics and sensitive color change, showing a linear response ranging from 100 to 105 CFU/mL with a limit of detection of 1 CFU/mL. Moreover, we also realized analysis of practical samples using this colorimetric biosensor. Given its features of rapid, sensitive, specific, and reliable analysis, our stochastic dual-walker-based colorimetric biosensor shows much promise in point-of-care testing for bacteria detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haihong Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mingshu Xiao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei Lai
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Ying Wan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Li Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Hao Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, China
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13
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Lucidi M, Marsan M, Pudda F, Pirolo M, Frangipani E, Visca P, Cincotti G. Geometrical-optics approach to measure the optical density of bacterial cultures using a LED-based photometer. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:5600-5610. [PMID: 31799033 PMCID: PMC6865109 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.005600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We develop a suitable geometrical-optics approach and demonstrate that it is possible to measure the optical density (OD) of bacterial cultures using a light emitting diode (LED)-based photometer. We measure both attenuation and spot-size variation, and we compensate for diffraction and stray-light impairment related to the incoherent source and large detection area. The approach is validated for different concentrations of two bacterial species, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, that present different shapes and clustering organization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Lucidi
- Engineering Department, University Roma Tre, via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Marsan
- Engineering Department, University Roma Tre, via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Pudda
- Engineering Department, University Roma Tre, via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Pirolo
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Emanuela Frangipani
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, Urbino, Italy
| | - Paolo Visca
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, viale Marconi 446, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriella Cincotti
- Engineering Department, University Roma Tre, via Vito Volterra 62, 00146 Rome, Italy
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14
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Alves IP, Reis NM. Microfluidic smartphone quantitation of Escherichia coli in synthetic urine. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 145:111624. [PMID: 31546201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
In spite of the clinical need, there is a major gap in rapid diagnostics for identification and quantitation of E. coli and other pathogens, also regarded as the biggest bottleneck in the fight against the spread of antimicrobial resistant bacterial strains. This study reports for the first time an optical, smartphone-based microfluidic fluorescence sandwich immunoassay capable of quantifying E. coli in buffer and synthetic urine in less than 25 min without sample preparation nor concentration. A limit of detection (LoD) up to 240 CFU/mL, comensurate with cut-off for UTIs (103-105 CFUs/mL) was achieved. Replicas of full response curves performed with 100-107 CFUs/mL of E. coli K12 in synthetic urine yielded recovery values in the range 80-120%, assay reproducibility below 30% and precision below 20%, therefore similar to high-performance automated immunoassays. The unrivalled LoD was mainly linked to the 'open fluidics' nature of the 10-bore microfluidic strips used that enabled passing a large volume of sample through the microcapillaries coated with capture antibody. The new smartphone based test has the potential of being as a rapid, point-of-care test for rule-in of E. coli infections that are responsible for around 80% of UTIs, helping to stop the over-prescription of antibiotics and the monitoring of patients with other symptomatic communicable diseases caused by E. coli at global scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel P Alves
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Nuno M Reis
- Centre for Biosensors, Bioelectronics and Biodevices (C3Bio), Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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15
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Gorgannezhad L, Stratton H, Nguyen NT. Microfluidic-Based Nucleic Acid Amplification Systems in Microbiology. MICROMACHINES 2019; 10:E408. [PMID: 31248141 PMCID: PMC6630468 DOI: 10.3390/mi10060408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and selective bacterial detection is a hot topic, because the progress in this research area has had a broad range of applications. Novel and innovative strategies for detection and identification of bacterial nucleic acids are important for practical applications. Microfluidics is an emerging technology that only requires small amounts of liquid samples. Microfluidic devices allow for rapid advances in microbiology, enabling access to methods of amplifying nucleic acid molecules and overcoming difficulties faced by conventional. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in microfluidics-based polymerase chain reaction devices for the detection of nucleic acid biomarkers. The paper also discusses the recent development of isothermal nucleic acid amplification and droplet-based microfluidics devices. We discuss recent microfluidic techniques for sample preparation prior to the amplification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Gorgannezhad
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Helen Stratton
- School of Environment and Science, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Brisbane QLD 4111, Australia.
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16
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Fully integrated and slidable paper-embedded plastic microdevice for point-of-care testing of multiple foodborne pathogens. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 135:120-128. [PMID: 31004922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a slidable paper-embedded plastic microdevice fully integrated with DNA extraction, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and colorimetric detection functionalities. The developed microdevice consists of three layers that allow a sliding movement to mix the sample and reagents for DNA purification, amplification, and detection in a sequential manner. An FTA card was employed in the main chamber for DNA extraction and purification from intact bacterial cells. Subsequently, LAMP reagents and fuchsin-stored chambers were pulled toward the main chambers for DNA amplifications at 65 °C. After 30 min, the detection reagents-stored chambers were then moved to main chambers for result analysis. For the detection of LAMP amplicons, a novel colorimetric fuchsin-based method was employed. The wide applicability of the integrated microdevice was demonstrated by successfully screening three major foodborne pathogens, namely Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in food, enabling highly sensitive detection of 3.0 × 101 CFU/sample of Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli O157:H7) and 3.0 × 102 CFU/sample of Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) within 75 min. The portable and integrated microdevice presented in this study holds significant promise for point-of-care applications to accurately and rapidly diagnose and control diseases.
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17
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Sibilo R, Pérez JM, Hurth C, Pruneri V. Surface cytometer for fluorescent detection and growth monitoring of bacteria over a large field-of-view. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 10:2101-2116. [PMID: 31061773 PMCID: PMC6484973 DOI: 10.1364/boe.10.002101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the early onset of bacterial film formation is critical in many clinical, environmental, and food quality control applications. We built a small inexpensive optical surface cytometer, in contrast with bulk spectroscopic methods, around a light-emitting diode (LED) and a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor. It is designed to offer a large field-of-view of 200 mm2 and a large depth-of-field of 2-3 mm to overcome the limitations of routine methods like spectrophotometry and fluorescence microscopy. It provides a direct measurement without the need for complex image post-processing with a limit-of-detection around 104 cells/mm2, which is competitive with other similar yet more complex devices already available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaël Sibilo
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Miguel Pérez
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cedric Hurth
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valerio Pruneri
- ICFO- Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Chatterjee B, Kalyani N, Das S, Anand A, Sharma TK. Nano-realm for point-of-care (POC) bacterial diagnostics. J Microbiol Methods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.mim.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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19
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Mason MG, Botella JR. A simple, robust and equipment-free DNA amplification readout in less than 30 seconds. RSC Adv 2019; 9:24440-24450. [PMID: 35527854 PMCID: PMC9069613 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04725e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular based diagnostic methods rely on the amplification of pathogen DNA but naked eye visualization of results is still challenging. We present here a simple and highly reliable DNA amplification readout system for naked eye detection of isothermally or PCR amplified DNA in less than 30 seconds. This system utilizes spermine to precipitate DNA amplicons and initiate bridging flocculation of a mix of charcoal and diatomaceous earth particles in suspension. In the absence of amplification, the charcoal particles remain suspended resulting in a black, non-transparent colloid solution while positive samples in which DNA amplification has occurred can be identified within seconds as the particles flocculate and settle leaving a transparent liquid phase. We have coupled this method with our rapid dipstick DNA purification method and isothermal DNA amplification to create a simple four-step diagnostic system that can be preassembled to reduce unnecessary manipulation in the field. The method's simplicity, low cost, minimal equipment and clear presence/absence readout makes it ideal for rapid diagnostic testing in the laboratory and in situations where users have limited technical training or resources including high school science classes and field-based research. A simple and highly reliable DNA amplification readout system for naked eye detection of amplified DNA in under 30 seconds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Glenn Mason
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences
- The University of Queensland
- St. Lucia
- Australia
| | - José Ramón Botella
- Plant Genetic Engineering Laboratory
- School of Agriculture and Food Sciences
- The University of Queensland
- St. Lucia
- Australia
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20
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Kumar N, Hu Y, Singh S, Mizaikoff B. Emerging biosensor platforms for the assessment of water-borne pathogens. Analyst 2018; 143:359-373. [PMID: 29271425 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00983f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pathogens are key contaminants in water that are responsible for the generation of various water-borne diseases, and include viruses, fungi, bacteria, and protozoan parasites. The pathogenic effects of these species in water depend on their shape, size, composition, and structure. The resulting water-borne diseases are a serious threat to the environment, including to humans and animals, and are directly responsible for environmental deterioration and pollution. The potential presence of these pathogens requires sensitive, powerful, efficient, and ideally real-time monitoring methods for their reproducible quantification. Conventional methods for pathogen detection mainly rely on time-consuming enrichment steps followed by biochemical identification strategies, which require assay times ranging from 24 h to up to a week. However, in recent years, significant efforts have been made towards the development of biosensing technologies enabling rapid and close-to-real-time detection of water-borne pathogens. This review summarizes recent developments in biosensors and sensing systems based on a variety of transducer technologies for water-quality monitoring, with specific focus on rapid pathogen detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishant Kumar
- CSIR-Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Chandigarh, India.
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21
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Shang Y, Sun J, Ye Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Sun X. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based microfluidic chip for pathogen detection. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:201-224. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1518897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongli Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbiology Culture Collection and Application Guangdong Open Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinzhi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiulan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology School of Food Science National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety, Joint International Research Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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22
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Hui J, Gu Y, Zhu Y, Chen Y, Guo SJ, Tao SC, Zhang Y, Liu P. Multiplex sample-to-answer detection of bacteria using a pipette-actuated capillary array comb with integrated DNA extraction, isothermal amplification, and smartphone detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:2854-2864. [PMID: 30105321 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00543e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A pipette-actuated capillary array comb (PAAC) system operated on a smartphone-based hand-held device has been successfully developed for the multiplex detection of bacteria in a "sample-to-answer" manner. The PAAC consists of eight open capillaries inserted into a cylindrical plastic base with a piece of chitosan-modified glass filter paper embedded in each capillary. During the sample preparation, a PAAC was mounted into a 1 mL pipette tip with an enlarged opening and was operated with a 1 mL pipette for liquid handling. The cell lysate was drawn and expelled through the capillaries three times to facilitate the DNA capture on the embedded filter discs. Following washes with water, the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reagents were aspirated into the capillaries, in which the primers were pre-fixed with chitosan. After that, the PAAC was loaded into the smartphone-based device for a one-hour amplification at 65 °C and end-point detection of calcein fluorescence in the capillaries. The DNA capture efficiency of a 1.1 mm-diameter filter disc was determined to be 97% of λ-DNA and the coefficient of variation among the eight capillaries in the PAAC was only 2.2%. The multiplex detection of genomic DNA extracted from Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus provided limits of detection of 200, 500, and 500 copies, respectively, without any cross-contamination and cross reactions. "Sample-to-answer" detection of E. coli samples was successfully completed in 85 minutes, demonstrating a sensitivity of 200 cfu per capillary. The multiplex "sample-to-answer" detection, the streamlined operation, and the compact device should facilitate a broad range of applications of our PAAC system in point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhou Hui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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23
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Li H, Han D, Pauletti GM, Steckl AJ. Engineering a simple lateral flow device for animal blood coagulation monitoring. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:014110. [PMID: 29430275 PMCID: PMC5780276 DOI: 10.1063/1.5017496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Increasing numbers of animals are diagnosed with thromboembolism, requiring anticoagulation treatment to prevent thrombotic events. Frequent and periodic coagulation monitoring is critical to ensure treatment effectiveness and patient safety by limiting blood coagulation ability within the desired therapeutic range. Point-of-care diagnostics is an ideal candidate for frequent coagulation monitoring due to rapid test results and no need for laboratory setting. This article reports the first utilization of no-reaction lateral flow assay (nrLFA) device for simple and low-cost animal blood coagulation monitoring in resource-limited setting. The nrLFA device consists of sample pad, analytical membrane and wicking pad, without conjugate pad, reagent printing or membrane drying. Citrated and heparinized animal blood were utilized to mimic different blood coagulation abilities in vitro by adding reversal agents CaCl2 and protamine sulfate. The travel distance of red blood cells (RBCs) on the nrLFA after a pre-determined test time serves as endpoint marker. Upon adding 500 mM CaCl2 solution to citrated bovine, canine, rabbit and equine blood, the average travel distance decreases from 10.9 to 9.4 mm, 8.8 to 5.7 mm, 12.6 to 9 mm, and 15.3 to 11.3 mm, respectively. For heparinized bovine and rabbit blood, the average distance decreases from 14.5 to 11.4 mm and from 9.8 to 7.2 mm, respectively, when adding 300 mg/l protamine sulfate solution. The effect of hematocrit on RBC travel distance in the nrLFA was also investigated. The nrLFA device will potentially improve treatment efficiency, patient safety, quality of life, and satisfaction for both animal patients and their owners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Li
- Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Daewoo Han
- Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Giovanni M Pauletti
- Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267, USA
| | - Andrew J Steckl
- Nanoelectronics Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
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24
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He E, Cao T, Cai L, Guo D, Zhou Y, Zhang X, Li Z. A disposable microcapsule array chip fabricated by ice printing combined with isothermal amplification for Salmonella DNA detection. RSC Adv 2018; 8:39561-39566. [PMID: 35558039 PMCID: PMC9090901 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07045h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, a novel microcapsule array chip was fabricated for the detection of Salmonella DNA by integrating an ice-printing technique with DNA isothermal amplification. Reaction solutions were previously sealed in the microcapsule array chip via ice printing. To protect the relatively fragile DNA isothermal amplification system, an extra polystyrene (PS) film was introduced to isolate the reaction solution from photopolymer precursor, which was proved to be a vital step for providing a clean and stable environment for DNA amplification reaction. Detection operation can be done by simply injecting sample DNA into the microcapsule by an easily accessible syringe, and the result can be directly obtained through color change within 90 minutes. This method shows good sensitivity, specificity and stability. An ice printing fabricated microcapsule array chip is demonstrated based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification for visual salmonella DNA detection.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Enqi He
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Ting Cao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Liangyuan Cai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Dan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology
- Department of Mechanical Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Yinglin Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Xinxiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
| | - Zhihong Li
- National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication
- Institute of Microelectronics
- Peking University
- Beijing 100871
- China
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25
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Hongwarittorrn I, Chaichanawongsaroj N, Laiwattanapaisal W. Semi-quantitative visual detection of loop mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP)-generated DNA by distance-based measurement on a paper device. Talanta 2017; 175:135-142. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2017] [Revised: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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26
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Roy S, Mohd-Naim NF, Safavieh M, Ahmed MU. Colorimetric Nucleic Acid Detection on Paper Microchip Using Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification and Crystal Violet Dye. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1713-1720. [PMID: 29090907 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acid detection is of paramount importance in monitoring of microbial pathogens in food safety and infectious disease diagnostic applications. To address these challenges, a rapid, cost-effective label-free technique for nucleic acid detection with minimal instrumentations is highly desired. Here, we present paper microchip to detect and quantify nucleic acid using colorimetric sensing modality. The extracted DNA from food samples of meat as well as microbial pathogens was amplified utilizing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). LAMP amplicon was then detected and quantified on a paper microchip fabricated in a cellulose paper and a small wax chamber utilizing crystal violet dye. The affinity of crystal violet dye toward dsDNA and positive signal were identified by changing the color from colorless to purple. Using this method, detection of Sus scrofa (porcine) and Bacillus subtilis (bacteria) DNA was possible at concentrations as low as 1 pg/μL (3.43 × 10 -1 copies/μL) and 10 pg/μL (2.2 × 103 copies/μL), respectively. This strategy can be adapted for detection of other DNA samples, with potential for development of a new breed of simple and inexpensive paper microchip at the point-of-need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division
of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital-Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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27
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You Y, Lim S, Hahn J, Choi YJ, Gunasekaran S. Bifunctional linker-based immunosensing for rapid and visible detection of bacteria in real matrices. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 100:389-395. [PMID: 28954255 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Detection of pathogens present in food and water is essential to help ensure food safety. Among the popular methods for pathogen detection are those based on culture and colony-counting and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). However, the time-consuming nature and/or the need for sophisticated instrumentation of those methods limit their on-site applications. We have developed a rapid and highly sensitive immunosensing method for visible detection of bacteria in real matrices based on the aggregation of AuNPs without requiring any readout device. We use biotinylated anti-bacteria antibodies as bifunctional linkers (BLs) to mediate the aggregation of streptavidin-functionalized gold nanoparticles (st-AuNPs) to produce visually recognizable color change, due to surface plasmon resonance (SPR), which occurs in about 30min of total assay time when the sample is mildly agitated or within three hours in quiescent conditions. The aggregation of st-AuNPs, which produces the indication signal, is achieved very differently than in visual detection methods reported previously and hence affords ultrahigh sensitivity. While BLs can both bind to the target and crosslink st-AuNPs, their latter function is essentially disabled when they bind to the target bacteria. By varying the amount of st-AuNPs used, we can tailor the assay effectiveness improving limit of detection (LOD) down to 10CFUmL-1 of E. coli and Salmonella. Test results obtained with tap water, lake water and milk samples show that assay performance is unaffected by matrix effects. Further, in a mixture of live and autoclaved E. coli cells our assay could detect only live cells. Therefore, our BL-based immunosensor is suitable for highly sensitive, rapid, and on-site detection of bacteria in real matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngsang You
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Seokwon Lim
- Department of Food Science & Technology, Hoseo University, 79-20 Hoseoro, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, South Korea; Center for Natural Sciences, Hoseo University, 79-20 Hoseoro, Asan, Chungnam 336-795, South Korea
| | - Jungwoo Hahn
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea
| | - Young Jin Choi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea; Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanakro, Gwanakgu, Seoul 151-921, South Korea
| | - Sundaram Gunasekaran
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
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28
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Basha IHK, Ho ETW, Yousuff CM, Hamid NHB. Towards Multiplex Molecular Diagnosis-A Review of Microfluidic Genomics Technologies. MICROMACHINES 2017; 8:E266. [PMID: 30400456 PMCID: PMC6190060 DOI: 10.3390/mi8090266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly sensitive and specific pathogen diagnosis is essential for correct and timely treatment of infectious diseases, especially virulent strains, in people. Point-of-care pathogen diagnosis can be a tremendous help in managing disease outbreaks as well as in routine healthcare settings. Infectious pathogens can be identified with high specificity using molecular methods. A plethora of microfluidic innovations in recent years have now made it increasingly feasible to develop portable, robust, accurate, and sensitive genomic diagnostic devices for deployment at the point of care. However, improving processing time, multiplexed detection, sensitivity and limit of detection, specificity, and ease of deployment in resource-limited settings are ongoing challenges. This review outlines recent techniques in microfluidic genomic diagnosis and devices with a focus on integrating them into a lab on a chip that will lead towards the development of multiplexed point-of-care devices of high sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismail Hussain Kamal Basha
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Eric Tatt Wei Ho
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Caffiyar Mohamed Yousuff
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
| | - Nor Hisham Bin Hamid
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia.
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Zarei M. Portable biosensing devices for point-of-care diagnostics: Recent developments and applications. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Safavieh M, Pandya HJ, Venkataraman M, Thirumalaraju P, Kanakasabapathy MK, Singh A, Prabhakar D, Chug MK, Shafiee H. Rapid Real-Time Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing with Electrical Sensing on Plastic Microchips with Printed Electrodes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12832-12840. [PMID: 28291334 PMCID: PMC5695042 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing is important for efficient and timely therapeutic decision making. Due to globally spread bacterial resistance, the efficacy of antibiotics is increasingly being impeded. Conventional antibiotic tests rely on bacterial culture, which is time-consuming and can lead to potentially inappropriate antibiotic prescription and up-front broad range of antibiotic use. There is an urgent need to develop point-of-care platform technologies to rapidly detect pathogens, identify the right antibiotics, and monitor mutations to help adjust therapy. Here, we report a biosensor for rapid (<90 min), real time, and label-free bacteria isolation from whole blood and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Target bacteria are captured on flexible plastic-based microchips with printed electrodes using antibodies (30 min), and its electrical response is monitored in the presence and absence of antibiotics over an hour of incubation time. We evaluated the microchip with Escherichia coli and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as clinical models with ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, daptomycin, gentamicin, and methicillin antibiotics. The results are compared with the current standard methods, i.e. bacteria viability and conventional antibiogram assays. The technology presented here has the potential to provide precise and rapid bacteria screening and guidance in clinical therapies by identifying the correct antibiotics for pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hardik J. Pandya
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Maanasa Venkataraman
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Prudhvi Thirumalaraju
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anupriya Singh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Devbalaji Prabhakar
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Manjyot Kaur Chug
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital—Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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Safavieh M, Kaul V, Khetani S, Singh A, Dhingra K, Kanakasabapathy MK, Draz MS, Memic A, Kuritzkes DR, Shafiee H. Paper microchip with a graphene-modified silver nano-composite electrode for electrical sensing of microbial pathogens. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:1852-1861. [PMID: 27845796 PMCID: PMC5695240 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06417e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and sensitive point-of-care diagnostics are of paramount importance for early detection of infectious diseases and timely initiation of treatment. Here, we present cellulose paper and flexible plastic chips with printed graphene-modified silver electrodes as universal point-of-care diagnostic tools for the rapid and sensitive detection of microbial pathogens or nucleic acids through utilizing electrical sensing modality and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). We evaluated the ability of the developed paper-based assay to detect (i) viruses on cellulose-based paper microchips without implementing amplification in samples with viral loads between 106 and 108 copies per ml, and (ii) amplified HIV-1 nucleic acids in samples with viral loads between 10 fg μl-1 and 108 fg μl-1. The target HIV-1 nucleic acid was amplified using the RT-LAMP technique and detected through the electrical sensing of LAMP amplicons for a broad range of RNA concentrations between 10 fg μl-1 and 108 fg μl-1 after 40 min of amplification time. Our assay may be used for antiretroviral therapy monitoring where it meets the sensitivity requirement of the World Health Organization guidelines. Such a paper microchip assay without the amplification step may also be considered as a simple and inexpensive approach for acute HIV detection where maximum viral replication occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Vivasvat Kaul
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sultan Khetani
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Anupriya Singh
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Karan Dhingra
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Manoj Kumar Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Mohamed Shehata Draz
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. and Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Adnan Memic
- Center for Nanotechnology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Daniel R Kuritzkes
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA and Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Engineering in Medicine, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. and Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Nayak S, Blumenfeld NR, Laksanasopin T, Sia SK. Point-of-Care Diagnostics: Recent Developments in a Connected Age. Anal Chem 2017; 89:102-123. [PMID: 27958710 PMCID: PMC5793870 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 281] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samiksha Nayak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Nicole R. Blumenfeld
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Tassaneewan Laksanasopin
- Biological Engineering Program, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, 126 Pracha Uthit Rd., Bang Mod, Thung Khru, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Samuel K. Sia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351 Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10027, USA
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Roy S, Wei SX, Ying JLZ, Safavieh M, Ahmed MU. A novel, sensitive and label-free loop-mediated isothermal amplification detection method for nucleic acids using luminophore dyes. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:346-352. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Boyd-Moss M, Baratchi S, Di Venere M, Khoshmanesh K. Self-contained microfluidic systems: a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:3177-92. [PMID: 27425637 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00712k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems enable rapid diagnosis, screening and monitoring of diseases and health conditions using small amounts of biological samples and reagents. Despite these remarkable features, conventional microfluidic systems rely on bulky expensive external equipment, which hinders their utility as powerful analysis tools outside of research laboratories. 'Self-contained' microfluidic systems, which contain all necessary components to facilitate a complete assay, have been developed to address this limitation. In this review, we provide an in-depth overview of self-contained microfluidic systems. We categorise these systems based on their operating mechanisms into three major groups: passive, hand-powered and active. Several examples are provided to discuss the structure, capabilities and shortcomings of each group. In particular, we discuss the self-contained microfluidic systems enabled by active mechanisms, due to their unique capability for running multi-step and highly controllable diagnostic assays. Integration of self-contained microfluidic systems with the image acquisition and processing capabilities of smartphones, especially those equipped with accessory optical components, enables highly sensitive and quantitative assays, which are discussed. Finally, the future trends and possible solutions to expand the versatility of self-contained, stand-alone microfluidic platforms are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Baratchi
- School of Health & Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Martina Di Venere
- School of Civil & Industrial Engineering, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
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35
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Wang S, Chinnasamy T, Lifson MA, Inci F, Demirci U. Flexible Substrate-Based Devices for Point-of-Care Diagnostics. Trends Biotechnol 2016; 34:909-921. [PMID: 27344425 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-care (POC) diagnostics play an important role in delivering healthcare, particularly for clinical management and disease surveillance in both developed and developing countries. Currently, the majority of POC diagnostics utilize paper substrates owing to affordability, disposability, and mass production capability. Recently, flexible polymer substrates have been investigated due to their enhanced physicochemical properties, potential to be integrated into wearable devices with wireless communications for personalized health monitoring, and ability to be customized for POC diagnostics. Here, we focus on the latest advances in developing flexible substrate-based diagnostic devices, including paper and polymers, and their clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- ShuQi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310003, China; Institute for Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310029, China; Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
| | - Thiruppathiraja Chinnasamy
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Mark A Lifson
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Fatih Inci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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36
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Oh SJ, Park BH, Choi G, Seo JH, Jung JH, Choi JS, Kim DH, Seo TS. Fully automated and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection on an integrated centrifugal microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:1917-26. [PMID: 27112702 DOI: 10.1039/c6lc00326e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
This work describes fully automated and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection on an integrated centrifugal microfluidic device, which is called a lab-on-a-disc. All the processes for molecular diagnostics including DNA extraction and purification, DNA amplification and amplicon detection were integrated on a single disc. Silica microbeads incorporated in the disc enabled extraction and purification of bacterial genomic DNA from bacteria-contaminated milk samples. We targeted four kinds of foodborne pathogens (Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Listeria monocytogenes) and performed loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) to amplify the specific genes of the targets. Colorimetric detection mediated by a metal indicator confirmed the results of the LAMP reactions with the colour change of the LAMP mixtures from purple to sky blue. The whole process was conducted in an automated manner using the lab-on-a-disc and a miniaturized rotary instrument equipped with three heating blocks. We demonstrated that a milk sample contaminated with foodborne pathogens can be automatically analysed on the centrifugal disc even at the 10 bacterial cell level in 65 min. The simplicity and portability of the proposed microdevice would provide an advanced platform for point-of-care diagnostics of foodborne pathogens, where prompt confirmation of food quality is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jun Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
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Dou M, Lopez J, Rios M, Garcia O, Xiao C, Eastman M, Li X. A fully battery-powered inexpensive spectrophotometric system for high-sensitivity point-of-care analysis on a microfluidic chip. Analyst 2016; 141:3898-903. [PMID: 27143408 DOI: 10.1039/c6an00370b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A cost-effective b[combining low line]a[combining low line]ttery-powered s[combining low line]pectrophotometric s[combining low line]ystem (BASS) was developed for quantitative point-of-care (POC) analysis on a microfluidic chip. By using methylene blue as a model analyte, we first compared the performance of the BASS with a commercial spectrophotometric system, and further applied the BASS for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) detection and subsequent quantitative nucleic acid analysis which exhibited a comparable limit of detection to that of Nanodrop. Compared to the commercial spectrophotometric system, our spectrophotometric system is lower-cost, consumes less reagents, and has higher detection sensitivity. Most importantly, it does not rely on external power supplies. All these features make our spectrophotometric system highly suitable for a variety of POC analyses, such as field detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maowei Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at El Paso, 500 West University Ave, El Paso, Texas 79968, USA
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38
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Choi S. Powering point-of-care diagnostic devices. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:321-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rodriguez-Manzano J, Karymov MA, Begolo S, Selck DA, Zhukov D, Jue E, Ismagilov RF. Reading Out Single-Molecule Digital RNA and DNA Isothermal Amplification in Nanoliter Volumes with Unmodified Camera Phones. ACS NANO 2016; 10:3102-13. [PMID: 26900709 PMCID: PMC4819493 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Digital single-molecule technologies are expanding diagnostic capabilities, enabling the ultrasensitive quantification of targets, such as viral load in HIV and hepatitis C infections, by directly counting single molecules. Replacing fluorescent readout with a robust visual readout that can be captured by any unmodified cell phone camera will facilitate the global distribution of diagnostic tests, including in limited-resource settings where the need is greatest. This paper describes a methodology for developing a visual readout system for digital single-molecule amplification of RNA and DNA by (i) selecting colorimetric amplification-indicator dyes that are compatible with the spectral sensitivity of standard mobile phones, and (ii) identifying an optimal ratiometric image-process for a selected dye to achieve a readout that is robust to lighting conditions and camera hardware and provides unambiguous quantitative results, even for colorblind users. We also include an analysis of the limitations of this methodology, and provide a microfluidic approach that can be applied to expand dynamic range and improve reaction performance, allowing ultrasensitive, quantitative measurements at volumes as low as 5 nL. We validate this methodology using SlipChip-based digital single-molecule isothermal amplification with λDNA as a model and hepatitis C viral RNA as a clinically relevant target. The innovative combination of isothermal amplification chemistry in the presence of a judiciously chosen indicator dye and ratiometric image processing with SlipChip technology allowed the sequence-specific visual readout of single nucleic acid molecules in nanoliter volumes with an unmodified cell phone camera. When paired with devices that integrate sample preparation and nucleic acid amplification, this hardware-agnostic approach will increase the affordability and the distribution of quantitative diagnostic and environmental tests.
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Lim SA, Ahmed MU. A label free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of porcine serum albumin as a marker for pork adulteration in raw meat. Food Chem 2016; 206:197-203. [PMID: 27041316 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
A label free electrochemical immunosensor for sensitive detection of porcine serum albumin (PSA) is reported in this work. The immunosensor was constructed by first electrochemically reducing 4-carboxyphenyl diazonium salt, which had been electrochemically generated in situ, to a stable 4-carboxyphenyl layer on carbon nanofiber-modified screen printed electrode. Antibodies were covalently attached onto the electrode using carbodiimide chemistry between the carboxylic groups of the 4-carboxyphenyl layer and amine groups of the antibody. Using the strong affinities of serum albumins towards anions, the increase in cathodic peak current in anionic redox probe after immunocomplex formation with antibodies was used for PSA detection. The reported immunosensor demonstrated a linear range from 0.5 to 500pg/mL for the measurement of PSA with detection limit of 0.5pg/mL in buffer solution. Cross-reactivity studies have shown excellent specificity with satisfactory recovery of PSA in fresh meat samples without the need of sample dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazana Abdullah Lim
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam; Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Daruusalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Daruusalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE 1410, Brunei Darussalam.
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Safavieh M, Kanakasabapathy MK, Tarlan F, Ahmed MU, Zourob M, Asghar W, Shafiee H. Emerging Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Microchip and Microdevice Technologies for Nucleic Acid Detection. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 2:278-294. [PMID: 28503658 PMCID: PMC5425166 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5b00449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Rapid, sensitive, and selective pathogen detection is of paramount importance in infectious disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring. Currently available diagnostic assays based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) are time-consuming, complex, and relatively expensive, thus limiting their utility in resource-limited settings. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique has been used extensively in the development of rapid and sensitive diagnostic assays for pathogen detection and nucleic acid analysis and hold great promise for revolutionizing point-of-care molecular diagnostics. Here, we review novel LAMP-based lab-on-a-chip (LOC) diagnostic assays developed for pathogen detection over the past several years. We review various LOC platforms based on their design strategies for pathogen detection and discuss LAMP-based platforms still in development and already in the commercial pipeline. This review is intended as a guide to the use of LAMP techniques in LOC platforms for molecular diagnostics and genomic amplifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadali Safavieh
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Lansdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Manoj K. Kanakasabapathy
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Lansdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Farhang Tarlan
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Lansdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Minhaz U. Ahmed
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong, Negara Brunei Darussalam
| | - Mohammed Zourob
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Alfaisal University, Al Zahrawi Street, Al Maather, Al Takhassusi Rd, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Department of Computer Engineering & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Florida Atlantic University, 777 Glades Road, Boca Raton, Florida 33431, United States
| | - Hadi Shafiee
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 65 Lansdowne Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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42
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Lei KM, Mak PI, Law MK, Martins RP. A palm-size μNMR relaxometer using a digital microfluidic device and a semiconductor transceiver for chemical/biological diagnosis. Analyst 2016; 140:5129-37. [PMID: 26034784 DOI: 10.1039/c5an00500k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a micro-nuclear magnetic resonance (μNMR) relaxometer miniaturized to palm-size and electronically automated for multi-step and multi-sample chemical/biological diagnosis. The co-integration of microfluidic and microelectronic technologies enables an association between the droplet managements and μNMR assays inside a portable sub-Tesla magnet (1.2 kg, 0.46 Tesla). Targets in unprocessed biological samples, captured by specific probe-decorated magnetic nanoparticles (NPs), can be sequentially quantified by their spin-spin relaxation time (T2) via multiplexed μNMR screening. Distinct droplet samples are operated by a digital microfluidic device that electronically manages the electrowetting-on-dielectric effects over an electrode array. Each electrode (3.5 × 3.5 mm(2)) is scanned with capacitive sensing to locate the distinct droplet samples in real time. A cross-domain-optimized butterfly-coil-input semiconductor transceiver transduces between magnetic and electrical signals to/from a sub-10 μL droplet sample for high-sensitivity μNMR screening. A temperature logger senses the ambient temperature (0 to 40 °C) and a backend processor calibrates the working frequency for the transmitter to precisely excite the protons. In our experiments, the μNMR relaxometer quantifies avidin using biotinylated Iron NPs (Φ: 30 nm, [Fe]: 0.5 mM) with a sensitivity of 0.2 μM. Auto-handling and identification of two targets (avidin and water) are demonstrated and completed within 2.2 min. This μNMR relaxometer holds promise for combinatorial chemical/biological diagnostic protocols using closed-loop electronic automation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Meng Lei
- State-Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau, China.
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43
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Oh S, Park B, Jung J, Choi G, Lee DC, Kim DH, Seo T. Centrifugal loop-mediated isothermal amplification microdevice for rapid, multiplex and colorimetric foodborne pathogen detection. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 75:293-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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LIM SA, AHMED MU. A Simple DNA-based Electrochemical Biosensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Ciprofloxacin Using Disposable Graphene. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:687-93. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Syazana A LIM
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
| | - Minhaz U AHMED
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory, Chemical Science Programme, Faculty of Science, Universiti Brunei Darussalam
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Lim SA, Ahmed MU. Electrochemical immunosensors and their recent nanomaterial-based signal amplification strategies: a review. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00333h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, tremendous advances have been made in biosensors based on nanoscale electrochemical immunosensors for use in the fields of agriculture, food safety, biomedicine, quality control, and environmental and industrial monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syazana Abdullah Lim
- Environmental and Life Sciences Programme
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Brunei Darussalam
- Gadong
- Brunei Darussalam
| | - Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
- Biosensors and Biotechnology Laboratory
- Chemical Science Programme
- Faculty of Science
- Universiti Brunei Daruusalam
- Gadong
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Patabadige DEW, Jia S, Sibbitts J, Sadeghi J, Sellens K, Culbertson CT. Micro Total Analysis Systems: Fundamental Advances and Applications. Anal Chem 2015; 88:320-38. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Damith E. W. Patabadige
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Shu Jia
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jay Sibbitts
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jalal Sadeghi
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
- Laser & Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, 1983963113, Iran
| | - Kathleen Sellens
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Christopher T. Culbertson
- Department
of Chemistry, Kansas State University, 213 CBC Building, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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Zhang X, Li Q, Jin X, Jiang C, Lu Y, Tavallaie R, Gooding JJ. Quantitative determination of target gene with electrical sensor. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12539. [PMID: 26205714 PMCID: PMC4513347 DOI: 10.1038/srep12539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrating loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) with capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection (C(4)D), we have developed an electrical sensor for the simultaneous amplification and detection of specific sequence DNA. Using the O26-wzy gene as a model, the amount of initial target gene could be determined via the threshold time obtained by monitoring the progression of the LAMP reaction in real time. Using the optimal conditions, a detection limit of 12.5 copy/μL can be obtained within 30 min. Monitoring the LAMP reaction by C(4)D has not only all the advantages that existing electrochemical methods have, but also additional attractive features including being completely free of carryover contamination risk, high simplicity and extremely low cost. These benefits all arise from the fact that the electrodes are separated from the reaction solution, that is C(4)D is a contactless method. Hence in proof of principle, the new strategy promises a robust, simple, cost-effective and sensitive method for quantitative determination of a target gene, that is applicable either to specialized labs or at point-of-care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuzhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
| | - Qiufen Li
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
| | - Xianshi Jin
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture, Qingdao 266071, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Yong Lu
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Roya Tavallaie
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - J. Justin Gooding
- School of Chemistry and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
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Cho S, Park TS, Nahapetian TG, Yoon JY. Smartphone-based, sensitive µPAD detection of urinary tract infection and gonorrhea. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:601-11. [PMID: 26190472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of bacteria in urine can be used to monitor the onset or prognosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) and some sexually-transmitted diseases (STDs), such as gonorrhea. Typically, bacteria's presence in urine is confirmed by culturing samples overnight on agar plates, followed by a microscopic examination. Additionally, the presence of Escherichia coli in a urine sample can be indirectly confirmed through assaying for nitrite (generated by reducing nitrate in urine), however this is not sufficiently specific and sensitive. Species/strains identification of bacteria in a urine sample provides insight to appropriate antibiotic treatment options. In this work, a microfluidic paper analytical device (µPAD) was designed and fabricated for evaluating UTI (E. coli) and STD (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) from human urine samples. Anti-E. coli or anti-N. gonorrhoeae antibodies were conjugated to submicron particles then pre-loaded and dried in the center of each paper microfluidic channel. Human urine samples (undiluted) spiked with E. coli or N. gonorrhoeae were incubated for 5 min with 1% Tween 80. The bacteria-spiked urine samples were then introduced to the inlet of paper microfluidic channel, which flowed through the channel by capillary force. Data confirms that proteins were not filtered by μPAD, which is essential for this assay. Urobilin, the component responsible for the yellow appearance of urine and green fluorescence emission, was filtered by μPAD, resulting in significantly minimized false-positive signals. This filtration was simultaneously made during the μPAD assay and no pretreatment/purification step was necessary. Antibody-conjugated particles were immunoagglutinated at the center of the paper channel. The extent of immunoagglutination was quantified by angle-specific Mie scatter under ambient lighting conditions, utilizing a smartphone camera as a detector. The total μPAD assay time was less than 30s. The detection limit was 10 CFU/mL for both E. coli and N. gonorrhoeae, while commercially available gonorrhea rapid kit showed a detection limit of 10(6) CFU/mL. A commercially available nitrite assay test strip also had a detection limit of 10(6) CFU/mL, but this method is not antibody-based and thus not sufficiently specific. By optimizing the particle concentration, we were also able to extend the linear range of the assay up to 10(7) CFU/mL. The proposed prototype will serve as a low-cost, point-of-care, sensitive urinalysis biosensor to monitor UTI and gonorrhea from human urine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohee Cho
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Tu San Park
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Tigran G Nahapetian
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA
| | - Jeong-Yeol Yoon
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721-0038, USA.
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Hamidi SV, Ghourchian H. Colorimetric monitoring of rolling circle amplification for detection of H5N1 influenza virus using metal indicator. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 72:121-6. [PMID: 25974174 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.04.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A new colorimetric method for monitoring of rolling circle amplification was developed. At first H5N1 target hybrids with padlock probe (PLP) and then PLP is circularized upon the action of T4 ligase enzyme. Subsequently, the circular probe is served as a template for hyperbranched rolling circle amplification (HRCA) by utilizing Bst DNA polymerase enzyme. By improving the reaction, pyrophosphate is produced via DNA polymerization and chelates the Mg(2+) in the buffer solution. This causes change in solution color in the presence of hydroxy naphthol blue (HNB) as a metal indicator. By using pH shock instead of heat shock and isothermal RCA reaction not only the procedure becomes easier, but also application of HNB for colorimetric detection of RCA reaction further simplifies the assay. The responses of the biosensor toward H5N1 were linear in the concentration range from 0.16 to 1.20 pM with a detection limit of 28 fM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Vahid Hamidi
- Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Bioc hemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 131451384, Tehran, Iran; Nanobiomedicine Center of Excellence,g Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 131451384, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hedayatollah Ghourchian
- Laboratory of Microanalysis, Institute of Bioc hemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 131451384, Tehran, Iran; Nanobiomedicine Center of Excellence,g Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research Center, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 131451384, Tehran, Iran.
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Kaushik A, Yndart A, Jayant RD, Sagar V, Atluri V, Bhansali S, Nair M. Electrochemical sensing method for point-of-care cortisol detection in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:677-85. [PMID: 25632229 PMCID: PMC4304596 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s75514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel electrochemical sensing method was devised for the first time to detect plasma cortisol, a potential psychological stress biomarker, in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive subjects. A miniaturized potentiostat (reconfigured LMP91000 chip) interfaced with a microfluidic manifold containing a cortisol immunosensor was employed to demonstrate electrochemical cortisol sensing. This fully integrated and optimized electrochemical sensing device exhibited a wide cortisol-detection range from 10 pg/mL to 500 ng/mL, a low detection limit of 10 pg/mL, and sensitivity of 5.8 μA (pg mL)−1, with a regression coefficient of 0.995. This cortisol-selective sensing system was employed to estimate plasma cortisol in ten samples from HIV patients. The electrochemical cortisol-sensing performance was validated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results obtained using both methodologies were comparable within 2%–5% variation. The information related to psychological stress of HIV patients can be correlated with disease-progression parameters to optimize diagnosis, therapeutic, and personalized health monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kaushik
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Adriana Yndart
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rahul Dev Jayant
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Vidya Sagar
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Venkata Atluri
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- BioMEMS Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Center of Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, Department of Immun ology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
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