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Rodilla BL, Arché-Núñez A, Ruiz-Gómez S, Domínguez-Bajo A, Fernández-González C, Guillén-Colomer C, González-Mayorga A, Rodríguez-Díez N, Camarero J, Miranda R, López-Dolado E, Ocón P, Serrano MC, Pérez L, González MT. Flexible metallic core-shell nanostructured electrodes for neural interfacing. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3729. [PMID: 38355737 PMCID: PMC10866994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53719-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrodes with nanostructured surface have emerged as promising low-impedance neural interfaces that can avoid the charge-injection restrictions typically associated to microelectrodes. In this work, we propose a novel approximation, based on a two-step template assisted electrodeposition technique, to obtain flexible nanostructured electrodes coated with core-shell Ni-Au vertical nanowires. These nanowires benefit from biocompatibility of the Au shell exposed to the environment and the mechanical properties of Ni that allow for nanowires longer and more homogeneous in length than their only-Au counterparts. The nanostructured electrodes show impedance values, measured by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), at least 9 times lower than those of flat reference electrodes. This ratio is in good accordance with the increased effective surface area determined both from SEM images and cyclic voltammetry measurements, evidencing that only Au is exposed to the medium. The observed EIS profile evolution of Ni-Au electrodes over 7 days were very close to those of Au electrodes and differently from Ni ones. Finally, the morphology, viability and neuronal differentiation of rat embryonic cortical cells cultured on Ni-Au NW electrodes were found to be similar to those on control (glass) substrates and Au NW electrodes, accompanied by a lower glial cell differentiation. This positive in-vitro neural cell behavior encourages further investigation to explore the tissue responses that the implantation of these nanostructured electrodes might elicit in healthy (damaged) neural tissues in vivo, with special emphasis on eventual tissue encapsulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz L Rodilla
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Arché-Núñez
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Ruiz-Gómez
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ana Domínguez-Bajo
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Animal Molecular and Cellular Biology group (AMCB), Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology (LIBST), Université catholique de Louvain, Place Croix du Sud 5, 1348 , Louvain la Neuve, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Julio Camarero
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodolfo Miranda
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Department de Física de la Materia Condensada and Instituto "Nicolás Cabrera", Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Elisa López-Dolado
- Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos, SESCAM, Finca la Peraleda S/N, 45071, Toledo, Spain
- Design and development of Biomaterials for Neural Regeneration, HNP-SESCAM, Associated Unit With CSIC Through ICMM, Finca La Peraleda S/N, 45071, Toledo, Spain
| | - Pilar Ocón
- Departamento de Química Física Aplicada, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - María C Serrano
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid (ICMM), CSIC, Calle Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Pérez
- Fundación IMDEA Nanociencia, Calle Faraday 9, 28049, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Física de Materiales, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de las Ciencias S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Wu P, Yanagi K, Yokota K, Hakamada M, Mabuchi M. Unusual effects of a nanoporous gold substrate on cell adhesion and differentiation because of independent multi-branch signaling of focal adhesions. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2023; 34:54. [PMID: 37884819 PMCID: PMC10602965 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-023-06760-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
A variety of cell behaviors, such as cell adhesion, motility, and fate, can be controlled by substrate characteristics such as surface topology and chemistry. In particular, the surface topology of substrates strongly affects cell behaviors, and the topological spacing is a critical factor in inducing cell responses. Various works have demonstrated that cell adhesion was enhanced with decreasing topological spacing although differentiation progressed slowly. However, there are exceptions, and thus, correlations between topological spacing and cell responses are still debated. We show that a nanoporous gold substrate affected cell adhesion while it neither affected osteogenic nor adipogenic differentiation. In addition, the cell adhesion was reduced with decreasing pore size. These do not agree with previous findings. A focal adhesion (FA) is an aggregate of modules comprising specific proteins such as FA kinase, talin, and vinculin. Therefore, it is suggested that because various extracellular signals can be independently branched off from the FA modules, the unusual effects of nanoporous gold substrates are related to the multi-branching of FAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peizheng Wu
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Yanagi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuki Yokota
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Masataka Hakamada
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Mamoru Mabuchi
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Yoshidahonmachi, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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3
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Sondhi P, Lingden D, Bhattarai JK, Demchenko AV, Stine KJ. Applications of Nanoporous Gold in Therapy, Drug Delivery, and Diagnostics. METALS 2023; 13:78. [PMID: 39238564 PMCID: PMC11376205 DOI: 10.3390/met13010078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Nanoporous gold (np-Au) has promising applications in therapeutic delivery. The promises arise from its high surface area-to-volume ratio, ease of tuning shape and size, ability to be modified by organic molecules including drugs, and biocompatibility. Furthermore, np-Au nanostructures can generate the photothermal effect. This effect can be used either for controlled release of drugs of therapeutic importance or for destroying cancer cells by heating locally. Despite the enormous potential, the research on the therapeutical use of the np-Au is still in its early stage. In this review, we discuss the current progress and future directions of np-Au for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Sondhi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Dhanbir Lingden
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
| | - Jay K Bhattarai
- Mallinckrodt Pharmaceuticals Company, Saint Louis, MO 63042, USA
| | - Alexei V Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63103, USA
| | - Keith J Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Missouri-Saint Louis, Saint Louis, MO 63121, USA
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4
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Kushwah N, Woeppel K, Dhawan V, Shi D, Cui XT. Effects of neuronal cell adhesion molecule L1 and nanoparticle surface modification on microglia. Acta Biomater 2022; 149:273-286. [PMID: 35764240 PMCID: PMC10018678 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.06.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Microelectrode arrays for neural recording suffer from low yield and stability partly due to the inflammatory host responses. A neuronal cell adhesion molecule L1 coating has been shown to promote electrode-neuron integration, reduce microglia activation and improve recording. Coupling L1 to surface via a nanoparticle (NP) base layer further increased the protein surface density and stability. However, the exact L1-microglia interaction in these coatings has not been studied. Here we cultured primary microglia on L1 modified surfaces (with and without NP) and characterized microglia activation upon phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Results showed L1 coatings reduced microglia's superoxide production in response to PMA and presented intrinsic antioxidant properties. Meanwhile, L1 decreased iNOS, NO, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta), while increased anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGF beta 1, IL-10) in LPS stimulated microglia. Furthermore, L1 increased Arg-1 expression and phagocytosis upon LPS stimulation. Rougher NP surface showed lower number of microglia attached per area than their smooth counterpart, lower IL-6 release and superoxide production, and higher intrinsic reducing potential. Finally, we examined the effect of L1 and nanoparticle modifications on microglia response in vivo over 8 weeks with 2-photon imaging. Microglial coverage on the implant surface was found to be lower on the L1 modified substrates relative to unmodified, consistent with the in vitro observation. Our results indicate L1 significantly reduces superoxide production and inflammatory response of microglia and promotes wound healing, while L1 immobilization via a nanoparticle base layer brings added benefit without adverse effects. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Surface modification of microelectrode arrays with L1 has been shown to reduce microglia coverage on neural probe surface in vivo and improves neural recording, but the specific mechanism of action is not fully understood. The results in this study show that surface bound L1 reduces superoxide production from cultured microglia via direct reduction reaction and signaling pathways, increases anti-inflammatory cytokine release and phagocytosis in response to PMA or LPS stimulation. Additionally, roughening the surface with nanoparticles prior to L1 immobilization further increased the benefit of L1 in reducing microglia activation and oxidative stress. Together, our findings shed light on the mechanisms of action of nanotextured and neuroadhesive neural implant coatings and guide future development of seamless tissue interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Kushwah
- Neural Tissue/Electrode Interface and Neural Tissue Engineering lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States
| | - Kevin Woeppel
- Neural Tissue/Electrode Interface and Neural Tissue Engineering lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Vaishnavi Dhawan
- Neural Tissue/Electrode Interface and Neural Tissue Engineering lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Delin Shi
- Neural Tissue/Electrode Interface and Neural Tissue Engineering lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States
| | - Xinyan Tracy Cui
- Neural Tissue/Electrode Interface and Neural Tissue Engineering lab, Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, United States; McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, United States; Center for Neural Basis of Cognition, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, United States.
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Wang D, Tan J, Zhu H, Mei Y, Liu X. Biomedical Implants with Charge-Transfer Monitoring and Regulating Abilities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2004393. [PMID: 34166584 PMCID: PMC8373130 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202004393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Transmembrane charge (ion/electron) transfer is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis and is involved in many biological processes, from protein synthesis to embryonic development in organisms. Designing implant devices that can detect or regulate cellular transmembrane charge transfer is expected to sense and modulate the behaviors of host cells and tissues. Thus, charge transfer can be regarded as a bridge connecting living systems and human-made implantable devices. This review describes the mode and mechanism of charge transfer between organisms and nonliving materials, and summarizes the strategies to endow implants with charge-transfer regulating or monitoring abilities. Furthermore, three major charge-transfer controlling systems, including wired, self-activated, and stimuli-responsive biomedical implants, as well as the design principles and pivotal materials are systematically elaborated. The clinical challenges and the prospects for future development of these implant devices are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringHebei University of TechnologyTianjin300130China
| | - Ji Tan
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
| | - Hongqin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yongfeng Mei
- Department of Materials ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Xuanyong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine MicrostructureShanghai Institutes of CeramicsChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai200050China
- School of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHangzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesHangzhou310024China
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6
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Wang H, Chen X, Mao M, Xue X. Multifaceted Therapy of Nanocatalysts in Neurological Diseases. J Biomed Nanotechnol 2021; 17:711-743. [PMID: 34082864 DOI: 10.1166/jbn.2021.3063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
With the development of enzymes immobilization technology and the discover of nanozymes, catalytic therapy exhibited tremendous potential for neurological diseases therapy. In especial, since the discovery of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles possessing intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, various nanozymes have been developed and recently started to explore for neurological diseases therapy, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and stroke. By combining the catalytic activities with other properties (such as optical, thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties) of nanomaterials, the multifunctional nanozymes would not only alleviate oxidative and nitrosative stress on the basis of multienzymes-mimicking activity, but also exert positive effects on immunization, inflammation, autophagy, protein aggregation, which provides the foundation for multifaceted treatments. This review will summarize various types of nanocatalysts and further provides a valuable discussion on multifaceted treatment by nanozymes for neurological diseases, which is anticipated to provide an easily accessible guide to the key opportunities and current challenges of the nanozymes-mediated treatments for neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Haihe Education Park, Tianjin 300353, People's Republic of China
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7
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Chen N, Luo B, Patil AC, Wang J, Gammad GGL, Yi Z, Liu X, Yen SC, Ramakrishna S, Thakor NV. Nanotunnels within Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-Carbon Nanotube Composite for Highly Sensitive Neural Interfacing. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8059-8073. [PMID: 32579337 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c00672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Neural electrodes are developed for direct communication with neural tissues for theranostics. Although various strategies have been employed to improve performance, creating an intimate electrode-tissue interface with high electrical fidelity remains a great challenge. Here, we report the rational design of a tunnel-like electrode coating comprising poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for highly sensitive neural recording. The coated electrode shows a 50-fold reduction in electrochemical impedance at the biologically relevant frequency of 1 kHz, compared to the bare gold electrode. The incorporation of CNT significantly reinforces the nanotunnel structure and improves coating adhesion by ∼1.5 fold. In vitro primary neuron culture confirms an intimate contact between neurons and the PEDOT-CNT nanotunnel. During acute in vivo nerve recording, the coated electrode enables the capture of high-fidelity neural signals with low susceptibility to electrical noise and reveals the potential for precisely decoding sensory information through mechanical and thermal stimulation. These findings indicate that the PEDOT-CNT nanotunnel composite serves as an active interfacing material for neural electrodes, contributing to neural prosthesis and brain-machine interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuan Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- SINAPSE Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Baiwen Luo
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Anoop C Patil
- SINAPSE Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | - Jiahui Wang
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
| | | | - Zhigao Yi
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shih-Cheng Yen
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Nitish V Thakor
- SINAPSE Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- The N.1 Institute for Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117456, Singapore
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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Tsui C, Koss K, Churchward MA, Todd KG. Biomaterials and glia: Progress on designs to modulate neuroinflammation. Acta Biomater 2019; 83:13-28. [PMID: 30414483 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are multi-functional cells that play a vital role in establishing and maintaining the function of the nervous system and determining the fate of neurons following injury or neuropathology. The roles of microglia are diverse and essential to the capacity of the nervous system to recover from injury, however sustained inflammation can limit recovery and drive chronic disease processes such as neurodegenerative disorders. When assessing implantable therapeutic devices in the central nervous system, an improved lifetime of the implant is considered achievable through the attenuation of microglial inflammation. Consequently, there is a tremendous underexplored potential in biomaterial and engineered design to modulate neuroinflammation for therapeutic benefit. Several strategies for improving device compatibility reviewed here include: biocompatible coatings, improved designs in finer and flexible shapes to reduce tissue shear-related scarring, and loading of anti-inflammatory drugs. Studies about microglial cell cultures in 3D hydrogels and nanoscaffolds to assess various injuries and disorders are also discussed. A variety of other microglia-targeting treatments are also reviewed, including nanoparticulate systems, cellular backpacks, and gold plinths, with the intention of delivering anti-inflammatory drugs by targeting the phagocytic nature of microglia. Overall, this review highlights recent advances in biomaterials targeting microglia and inflammatory function with the potential for improving implant rejection and biocompatibility studies. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, and thus play a central role in the neuroinflammatory response against conditions than span acute injuries, neuropsychiatric disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review article presents a summary of biomaterials research that target microglia and other glial cells in order to attenuate neuroinflammation, including but not limited to: design of mechanically compliant and biocompatible stimulation electrodes, hydrogels for high-throughput 3D modelling of nervous tissue, and uptake of nanoparticle drug delivery systems. The goal of this paper is to identify strengths and gaps in the relevant literature, and to promote further consideration of microglia behaviour and neuroinflammation in biomaterial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tsui
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K Koss
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - M A Churchward
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - K G Todd
- Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
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9
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Gu W, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Dong J, Wang Y, Chen J. Maternal exposure to nonylphenol during pregnancy and lactation induces microglial cell activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production in offspring hippocampus. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 634:525-533. [PMID: 29635194 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, environmental nonylphenol (NP) exposure in the fetus and child has received increasing attention because of its potentially deleterious effects on the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia (MG), resident immune cells in the CNS, are vital to CNS homeostasis and defense against exogenous chemicals, which makes them a potentially sensitive target of NP. The present study aims to explore the effects of maternal NP exposure during pregnancy and lactation on MG in offspring hippocampus, the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by MG, and associated underlying mechanisms. We found that maternal NP exposure increased the production of interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in offspring hippocampus. Increases in both activation and number of MG were observed in offspring hippocampus. Increased phosphorylation of Akt was found to co-localize with hippocampal MG, while increased phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were observed in offspring hippocampus. Activator protein 1 (AP-1), an inflammatory transcription factor, was also activated in the hippocampus of pups subjected to maternal NP exposure. These results suggest that maternal NP exposure might activate MG in offspring hippocampus. This activation seems to subsequently increase the production of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. Furthermore, Akt/MAPK/AP-1 signaling may be involved in this activation of MG and increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Zhenmin Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath, China Medical University, PR China.
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10
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Gu W, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Dong J, Wang Y, Chen J. Mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling is involved in nonylphenol-induced proinflammatory cytokines secretion by BV2 microglia. J Appl Toxicol 2018; 38:958-967. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.3602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenmin Qiu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Heath; China Medical University; Shenyang People's Republic of China
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Şeker E, Shih WC, Stine KJ. Nanoporous metals by alloy corrosion: Bioanalytical and biomedical applications. MRS BULLETIN 2018; 43:49-56. [PMID: 32684663 PMCID: PMC7367097 DOI: 10.1557/mrs.2017.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanoporous metals obtained by dealloying have attracted significant attention for their unusual catalytic properties, and as model materials for fundamental studies of structure-property relationships in a variety of research areas. There has been a recent surge in the use of these metals for biomedical and bioanalytical applications, where many exciting opportunities exist. The goal of this article is to provide a review of recent progress in using nanoporous metals for biological applications, including as biosensors for detecting biomarkers of disease and multifunctional neural interfaces for monitoring and modulating the activity of neural tissue. The article emphasizes the unique properties of nanoporous gold and concludes by discussing its utility in addressing important challenges in biomedical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erkin Şeker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Multifunctional Nanoporous Metals Group, University of California, Davis, USA
| | - Wei-Chuan Shih
- Nanobiophotonics Laboratory, and Nanosystem Manufacturing Center, University of Houston, USA
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12
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Chapman CAR, Wang L, Chen H, Garrison J, Lein PJ, Seker E. Nanoporous Gold Biointerfaces: Modifying Nanostructure to Control Neural Cell Coverage and Enhance Electrophysiological Recording Performance. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2017; 27:1604631. [PMID: 28626362 PMCID: PMC5471629 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201604631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured neural interface coatings have significantly enhanced recording fidelity in both implantable and in vitro devices. As such, nano-porous gold (np-Au) has shown promise as a multifunctional neural interface coating due, in part, to its ability to promote nanostructure-mediated reduction in astrocytic surface coverage while not affecting neuronal coverage. The goal of this study is to provide insight into the mechanisms by which the np-Au nanostructure drives the differential response of neurons versus astrocytes in an in vitro model. Utilizing microfabricated libraries that display varying feature sizes of np-Au, it is demonstrated that np-Au influ-ences neural cell coverage through modulating focal adhesion formation in a feature size-dependent manner. The results here show that surfaces with small (≈30 nm) features control astrocyte spreading through inhibition of focal adhesion formation, while surfaces with large (≈170 nm and greater) features control astrocyte spreading through other mechanotransduction mechanisms. This cellular response combined with lower electrical impedance of np-Au electrodes significantly enhances the fidelity and stability of electrophysiological recordings from cortical neuronglia co-cultures relative to smooth gold electrodes. Finally, by leveraging the effect of nanostructure on neuronal versus glial cell attachment, the use of laser-based nanostructure modulation is demonstrated for selectively patterning neurons with micrometer spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Joshua Garrison
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Pamela J Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Erkin Seker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Nguyen VT, Ko SC, Oh GW, Heo SY, Jeon YJ, Park WS, Choi IW, Choi SW, Jung WK. Anti-inflammatory effects of sodium alginate/gelatine porous scaffolds merged with fucoidan in murine microglial BV2 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:1620-1632. [PMID: 27234497 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Microglia are the immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Overexpression of inflammatory mediators by microglia can induce several neurological diseases. Thus, the underlying basic requirement for neural tissue engineering is to develop materials that exhibit little or no neuro-inflammatory effects. In this study, we have developed a method to create porous scaffolds by adding fucoidan (Fu) into porous sodium alginate (Sa)/gelatine (G) (SaGFu). For mechanical characterization, in vitro degradation, stress/strain, swelling, and pore size were measured. Furthermore, the biocompatibility was evaluated by assessing the adhesion and proliferation of BV2 microglial cells on the SaGFu porous scaffolds using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay, respectively. Moreover, we studied the neuro-inflammatory effects of SaGFu on BV2 microglial cells. The effect of gelatine and fucoidan content on the various properties of the scaffold was investigated and the results showed that mechanical properties increased porosity and swelling ratio with an increase in the gelatine and fucoidan, while the in vitro biodegradability decreased. The average SaGFu diameter attained by fabrication of SaGFu ranged from 60 to 120μm with high porosity (74.44%-88.30%). Cell culture using gelatine 2.0% (SaG2Fu) and 4.0% (SaG4Fu), showed good cell proliferation; more than 60-80% that with Sa alone. Following stimulation with 0.5μg/mL LPS, microglia cultured in porous SaGFu decreased their expression of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). SaG2Fu and SaG4Fu also inhibited the activation and translocation of p65 NF-κB protein levels, resulting in reduction of NO, ROS, and PGE2 production. These results provide insights into the diverse biological effects and opens new avenues for the applications of SaGFu in neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Tinh Nguyen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Chun Ko
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Gun-Woo Oh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yeong Heo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jin Jeon
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Sun Park
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Whan Choi
- Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Wook Choi
- Department of Biotechnology, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea.
| | - Won-Kyo Jung
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, and Center for Marine-Integrated Biomedical Technology (BK21 Plus) Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Marine-Integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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14
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Chapman CAR, Wang L, Biener J, Seker E, Biener MM, Matthews MJ. Engineering on-chip nanoporous gold material libraries via precision photothermal treatment. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:785-95. [PMID: 26411758 PMCID: PMC4689632 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr04580k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Libraries of nanostructured materials on a single chip are a promising platform for high throughput and combinatorial studies of structure-property relationships in the fields of physics and biology. Nanoporous gold (np-Au), produced by an alloy corrosion process, is a nanostructured material specifically suited for such studies because of its self-similar thermally induced coarsening behavior. However, traditional heat application techniques for the modification of np-Au are bulk processes that cannot be used to generate a library of different pore sizes on a single chip. Here, laser micro-processing offers an attractive solution to this problem by providing a means to apply energy with high spatial and temporal resolution. In the present study we use finite element multiphysics simulations to predict the effects of laser mode (continuous-wave vs. pulsed) and thermal conductivity of the supporting substrate on the local np-Au film temperatures during photothermal annealing. Based on these results we discuss the mechanisms by which the np-Au network is coarsened. Thermal transport simulations predict that continuous-wave mode laser irradiation of np-Au thin films on a silicon substrate supports the widest range of morphologies that can be created through photothermal annealing of np-Au. Using the guidance provided by simulations, we successfully fabricate an on-chip material library consisting of 81 np-Au samples of 9 different morphologies for use in the parallel study of structure-property relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A R Chapman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Juergen Biener
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
| | - Erkin Seker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California - Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Monika M Biener
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA.
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Premnath P, Tan B, Venkatakrishnan K. Ultrafast laser functionalized rare phased gold-silicon/silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid biomaterials. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:828-37. [PMID: 26539809 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We introduce a hybrid nanostructured biomaterial that is a combination of rare phases of immiscible gold and silicon oxide, functionalized via ultrafast laser synthesis. For the first time, we show cancer controlling properties of rare phases of gold silicides, which include Au7Si, Au5Si, Au0.7Si2.3 and Au8Si2. Conventionally, pure forms of gold and silicon/silicon oxide are extensively employed in targeted therapy and drug delivery systems due to their unique properties. While silicon and silicon oxide nanoparticles have shown biocompatibility, gold nanoparticles show conflicting results based on their size and material properties. Several studies have shown that gold and silicon combinations produce cell controlling properties, however, these studies were not able to produce a homogenous combination of gold and silicon, owing to its immiscibility. A homogenous combination of gold and silicon may potentially enable properties that have not previously been reported. We describe rare phased gold-silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid biomaterials and its unique cancer controlling properties, owing to material properties, concentration, size and density. The gold-silicon oxide nanostructured hybrid is composed of individual gold-silicon oxide nanoparticles in various concentrations of gold and silicon, some nanoparticles possess a gold-core and silicon-shell like structure. The individual nanoparticles are bonded together forming a three dimensional nanostructured hybrid. The interaction of the nanostructured hybrids with cervical cancer cells showed a 96% reduction in 24h. This engineered nanostructured hybrid biomaterial presents significant potential due to the combination of immiscible gold and silicon oxide in varying phases and can potentially satiate the current vacuum in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Premnath
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - B Tan
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - K Venkatakrishnan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto M5B 2K3, Canada.
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Boehler C, Stieglitz T, Asplund M. Nanostructured platinum grass enables superior impedance reduction for neural microelectrodes. Biomaterials 2015; 67:346-53. [PMID: 26232883 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2015.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Micro-sized electrodes are essential for highly sensitive communication at the neural interface with superior spatial resolution. However, such small electrodes inevitably suffer from high electrical impedance and thus high levels of thermal noise deteriorating the signal to noise ratio. In order to overcome this problem, a nanostructured Pt-coating was introduced as add-on functionalization for impedance reduction of small electrodes. In comparison to platinum black deposition, all used chemicals in the deposition process are free from cytotoxic components. The grass-like nanostructure was found to reduce the impedance by almost two orders of magnitude compared to untreated samples which was lower than what could be achieved with conventional electrode coatings like IrOx or PEDOT. The realization of the Pt-grass coating is performed via a simple electrochemical process which can be applied to virtually any possible electrode type and accordingly shows potential as a universal impedance reduction strategy. Elution tests revealed non-toxicity of the Pt-grass and the coating was found to exhibit strong adhesion to the metallized substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Boehler
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - T Stieglitz
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - M Asplund
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 102, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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17
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Chapman CAR, Chen H, Stamou M, Biener J, Biener MM, Lein PJ, Seker E. Nanoporous gold as a neural interface coating: effects of topography, surface chemistry, and feature size. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:7093-100. [PMID: 25706691 PMCID: PMC4517587 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Designing neural interfaces that maintain close physical coupling of neurons to an electrode surface remains a major challenge for both implantable and in vitro neural recording electrode arrays. Typically, low-impedance nanostructured electrode coatings rely on chemical cues from pharmaceuticals or surface-immobilized peptides to suppress glial scar tissue formation over the electrode surface (astrogliosis), which is an obstacle to reliable neuron-electrode coupling. Nanoporous gold (np-Au), produced by an alloy corrosion process, is a promising candidate to reduce astrogliosis solely through topography by taking advantage of its tunable length scale. In the present in vitro study on np-Au's interaction with cortical neuron-glia co-cultures, we demonstrate that the nanostructure of np-Au achieves close physical coupling of neurons by maintaining a high neuron-to-astrocyte surface coverage ratio. Atomic layer deposition-based surface modification was employed to decouple the effect of morphology from surface chemistry. Additionally, length scale effects were systematically studied by controlling the characteristic feature size of np-Au through variations in the dealloying conditions. Our results show that np-Au nanotopography, not surface chemistry, reduces astrocyte surface coverage while maintaining high neuronal coverage and may enhance neuron-electrode coupling through nanostructure-mediated suppression of scar tissue formation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Marianna Stamou
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Juergen Biener
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551
| | | | - Pamela J. Lein
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Erkin Seker
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA 95616
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18
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Kurtulus O, Daggumati P, Seker E. Molecular release from patterned nanoporous gold thin films. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:7062-71. [PMID: 24842586 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr01288g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructured materials have shown significant potential for biomedical applications that require high loading capacity and controlled release of drugs. Nanoporous gold (np-Au), produced by an alloy corrosion process, is a promising novel material that benefits from compatibility with microfabrication, tunable pore morphology, electrical conductivity, well-established gold-thiol conjugate chemistry, and biocompatibility. While np-Au's non-biological applications are abundant, its performance in the biomedical field is nascent. In this work, we employ a combination of techniques including nanoporous thin film synthesis, quantitative electron microscopy, fluorospectrometry, and electrochemical surface characterization to study loading capacity and molecular release kinetics as a function of film properties and discuss underlying mechanisms. The sub-micron-thick sputter-coated nanoporous gold films provide small-molecule loading capacities up to 1.12 μg cm(-2) and molecular release half-lives between 3.6 hours to 12.8 hours. A systematic set of studies reveals that effective surface area of the np-Au thin films on glass substrates plays the largest role in determining loading capacity. The release kinetics on the other hand depends on a complex interplay of micro- and nano-scale morphological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozge Kurtulus
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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