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Santra S, Molla MR. Small molecule-based core and shell cross-linked nanoassemblies: from self-assembly and programmed disassembly to biological applications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024. [PMID: 39301871 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc03515a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2024]
Abstract
Supramolecular assemblies of stimuli-responsive amphiphilic molecules have been of utmost interest in targeted drug delivery applications, owing to their capability of sequestering drug molecules in one set of conditions and releasing them in another. To minimize undesired disassembly and stabilize noncovalently encapsulated drug molecules, the strategy of core or shell cross-linking has become a fascinating approach to constructing cross-linked polymeric or small molecule-based nanoassemblies. In this article, we discuss the design and synthetic strategies for cross-linked nanoassemblies from small molecule-based amphiphiles, with robust stability and enhanced drug encapsulation capability. We highlight their potential biomedical applications, particularly in drug or gene delivery, and cell imaging. This feature article offers a comprehensive overview of the recent developments in the application of small molecule-based covalently cross-linked nanocarriers for materials and biomedical applications, which may inspire the use of these materials as a potential drug delivery system for future chemotherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Santra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
| | - Mijanur Rahaman Molla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92 A. P. C. Road, Kolkata-700009, India.
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2
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Gao T, Xia X, Watanabe T, Ke CY, Suzuki R, Yamamoto T, Li F, Isono T, Satoh T. Toward Fully Controllable Monomers Sequence: Binary Organocatalyzed Polymerization from Epoxide/Aziridine/Cyclic Anhydride Monomer Mixture. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:25067-25077. [PMID: 39086123 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c08009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
The sequence of monomers within a polymer chain plays a pivotal role in determining the physicochemical properties of the polymer. In the copolymerization of two or more monomers, the arrangement of monomers within the resulting polymer is primarily dictated by the intrinsic reactivity of the monomers. Precisely controlling the monomer sequence in copolymerization, particularly through the manipulation of catalysts, is a subject of intense interest and poses significant challenges. In this study, we report the catalyst-controlled copolymerization of epoxides, N-tosyl aziridine (TAz), and cyclic anhydrides. To achieve this, a binary catalyst system comprising a Lewis acid, triethylborane, and Brønsted base, t-BuP1, was utilized. This system was utilized to regulate the selectivity between two catalytic reactions: ring-opening alternating copolymerization (ROAC) of epoxides/cyclic anhydrides and ROAC of TAz/cyclic anhydrides. Changing the catalyst ratio made it possible to continuously modulate the resulting poly(ester-amide ester) from ABA-type real block copolymers to gradient, random-like, reversed gradient, and reversed BAB-type block-like copolymers. A range of epoxides and anhydrides was investigated, demonstrating the versatility of this polymerization system. Additionally, density functional theory calculations were conducted to enhance our mechanistic understanding of the process. This synthetic method not only provides a versatile means for producing copolymers with comparable chemical compositions but also facilitates the exploration of the intricate relationship between monomer sequences and the resultant polymer properties, offering valuable insights for advancements in polymer science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Gao
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Xiaochao Xia
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Tomohisa Watanabe
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Chun-Yao Ke
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No.1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Ryota Suzuki
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Yamamoto
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Feng Li
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Takuya Isono
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
- List Sustainable Digital Transformation Catalyst Collaboration Research Platform, Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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3
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Bera S, Ghosh S. Alternating vs. random amphiphilic polydisulfides: aggregation, enzyme activity inhibition and redox-responsive guest release. NANOSCALE 2024. [PMID: 39248029 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02494j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we report the synthesis of an alternating copolymer (ACP) with a bio-reducible amphiphilic polydisulfide backbone and highlight the impact of the alternating monomer connectivity on the self-assembly, morphology, chain-exchange dynamics, drug-release kinetics, and enzyme activity inhibition. Condensation polymerization between hydrophobic 1,10-bis(pyridin-2-yldisulfaneyl)decane and hydrophilic 2,3-mercaptosuccinic acid (1.04 : 1.00 ratio) generated amphiphilic ACP P1 (Mw = 8450 g mol-1, Đ = 1.3), which exhibited self-assembly in water, leading to the formation of an ultra-thin (height <5.0 nm) entangled fibrillar network. In contrast, structurally similar amphiphilic random copolymer P2 exhibited a truncated irregular disc-like morphology under the same conditions. It is postulated that due to the perfect alternating sequence of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments in P1, its immiscibility-driven aggregation in water leads to a pleated structure, which further assembles and forms the observed long fibrillar structures, similar to crystallization-driven self-assembly. In fact, wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WXRD) analysis of a lyophilized P1 sample showed sharp peaks, indicating its crystalline nature (approximately 37% crystallinity), and these were completely missing for P2. The effect of such distinct self-assembly on the chain-exchange dynamics was probed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) using 3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO) and 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) as the FRET-donor and -acceptor, respectively. For DiI- and DiO-entrapped solutions of P1, when mixed, no prominent FRET appeared even after 24 h. In sharp contrast, for P2, intense FRET emission occurred, and the FRET ratio (approximately 0.9) reached saturation in approximately 15 h, indicating the greatly enhanced kinetic stability of P1 aggregates. Glutathione-induced release of encapsulated Nile red showed much slower kinetics for P1 compared to that of P2, which was corroborated by the observed slow chain-exchange dynamics of the highly stable alternating copolymer assembly. Furthermore, the well-ordered assembly of P1 exhibited an excellent surface-functional group display (zeta potential of -32 mV compared to -14 mV for P2), which resulted in the effective recognition of the α-chymotrypsin (Cht) protein surface by electrostatic interaction. Consequently, P1 significantly (>70%) suppressed the enzymatic activity of Cht, while in the presence of P2, the enzyme was still active with >70% efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Bera
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, India 700032.
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata, India 700032.
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4
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Huo M, Zhu R. Statistical Copolymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:951-958. [PMID: 39023514 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Statistical copolymers have been extensively used in chemical industries and our daily lives, owing to their ease of synthesis and functionalization. However, self-assembly based on statistical copolymers has been haunted by high interfacial energy, poor stability, and low concentration. We proposed the statistical copolymerization-induced self-assembly (stat-PISA) as a general strategy for one-step preparing stable statistical copolymer assemblies with high solids content. The concept was demonstrated through a model dispersion polymerization system comprising a charged hydrophilic monomer and a core-forming monomer, producing spherical micelles via a spinodal decomposition mechanism with an interconnected network intermediate. The stat-PISA was tunable by varying the fraction of charged monomer, the polymer chain length, and the solids content. The statistical copolymer micelles were demonstrated to be a potential Pickering emulsifier with superior stabilizing performances compared to their block copolymer counterparts. The general applicability of stat-PISA was demonstrated by preparing statistical copolymer assemblies with varying surface charges and chemical compositions. Particularly, this strategy is feasible for conventional free radical polymerization, promising for industrial scale-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Huo
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ruixue Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
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5
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Joo JU, Park CH, Yang J, Ko Y, Jee SS, Ahn H, Kim DP. Flash precipitation of random copolymers in a micro-mixer for controlling the size and surface charge of nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:19147-19153. [PMID: 38882478 PMCID: PMC11177181 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01433b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Precisely controlling the size and surface chemistry of polymeric nanoparticles (P-NPs) is critical for their versatile engineering and biomedical applications. In this work, various NPs of amphipathic random copolymers were comparatively produced by the flash nanoprecipitation (FNP) method using a tube-in-tube type of micro-mixer up to 330 mg min-1 in production scale in a kinetically controlled manner. The NPs obtained from poly(styrene-co-maleic acid), poly(styrene-co-allyl alcohol), and poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic acid) were concurrently controlled in the range 51-819 nm in size with narrow polydispersity index (<0.1) and -44 to -16 mV in zeta potential, by depending not only on the polymeric chemistry and the concentration but also the mixing behavior of good solvents (THF, alcohols) and anti-solvent (water) under three flow regimes (laminar, vortex and turbulence, turbulent jet). Moreover, the P(St-MA) derived NPs under turbulent jet flow conditions were post-treated in the initial solution mixture for up to 16 h, resulting in lowering of the zeta potential to -52 mV from the initial -27 mV and decreasing size to 46 nm from 50 nm by further migration of hydrophilic segments with -COOH groups on the outer surface, and the removal of THF trapped in the hydrophobic core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Un Joo
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Chae-Hyeon Park
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Jianwen Yang
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Korea
| | - Yoonseok Ko
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) Suwon 16678 Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Soo Jee
- Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology (SAIT) Suwon 16678 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- 9A U-SAXS Beamline (PLS-II), Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), POSTECH Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Pyo Kim
- Center of Intelligent Microprocess of Pharmaceutical Synthesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) Pohang 37673 Korea
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6
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Triantafyllopoulou E, Forys A, Perinelli DR, Balafouti A, Karayianni M, Trzebicka B, Bonacucina G, Valsami G, Pippa N, Pispas S. Deciphering the Lipid-Random Copolymer Interactions and Encoding Their Properties to Design a Hybrid System. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:11936-11946. [PMID: 38797979 PMCID: PMC11190979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Lipid/copolymer colloidal systems are deemed hybrid materials with unique properties and functionalities. Their hybrid nature leads to complex interfacial phenomena, which have not been fully encoded yet, navigating their properties. Moving toward in-depth knowledge of such systems, a comprehensive investigation of them is imperative. In the present study, hybrid lipid/copolymer structures were fabricated and examined by a gamut of techniques, including dynamic light scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, cryogenic transmission electron microscopy, microcalorimetry, and high-resolution ultrasound spectroscopy. The biomaterials that were mixed for this purpose at different ratios were 1,2-dioctadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and four different linear, statistical (random) amphiphilic copolymers, consisting of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate as the hydrophilic comonomer and lauryl methacrylate as the hydrophobic one. The colloidal dispersions were studied for lipid/copolymer interactions regarding their physicochemical, morphological, and biophysical behavior. Their membrane properties and interactions with serum proteins were also studied. The aforementioned techniques confirmed the hybrid nature of the systems and the location of the copolymer in the structure. More importantly, the random architecture of the copolymers, the hydrophobic-to-hydrophilic balance of the nanoplatforms, and the lipid-to-polymer ratio are highlighted as the main design-influencing factors. Elucidating the lipid/copolymer interactions would contribute to the translation of hybrid nanoparticle performance and, thus, their rational design for multiple applications, including drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Triantafyllopoulou
- Section
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health
Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University
of Athens, Panepistimioupolis
Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Aleksander Forys
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Diego Romano Perinelli
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Anastasia Balafouti
- Theoretical
and Physical Chemistry Institute, National
Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Maria Karayianni
- Theoretical
and Physical Chemistry Institute, National
Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre
of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish
Academy of Sciences, Zabrze 41-819, Poland
| | - Giulia Bonacucina
- School
of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Via Gentile III da Varano, Camerino 62032, Italy
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Section
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health
Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University
of Athens, Panepistimioupolis
Zografou, Athens 15771, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou 15771, Athens 157 72, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical
and Physical Chemistry Institute, National
Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, Athens 11635, Greece
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7
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Christopoulou A, Kazamiakis C, Iatridi Z, Bokias G. Controlled Amphiphilicity and Thermo-Responsiveness of Functional Copolymers Based on Oligo(Ethylene Glycol) Methyl Ether Methacrylates. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1456. [PMID: 38891403 PMCID: PMC11174388 DOI: 10.3390/polym16111456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
In this work, comb homopolymers as well as comb-type copolymers of thermo-responsive oligo(ethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate)s, OEGMAs, with various chain lengths (DEGMA, PEGMA500, and PEGMA950 containing 2, 9, or 19 repeating ethylene glycol units, respectively) were synthesized through free radical (co)polymerization. For the copolymers, either the functional hydrophobic glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) or the inert hydrophilic N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAM) were selected as comonomers. The self-assembly and thermo-responsive behavior of the products was investigated through Nile Red fluorescence probing, turbidimetry, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Interestingly, it was found that all OEGMA-based homopolymers exhibit a tendency to self-organize in aqueous media, in addition to thermo-responsiveness. The critical aggregation concentration (CAC) increases with the number of repeating ethylene oxide units in the OEGMA macromonomers (CAC was found to be 0.003, 0.01, and 0.03% w/v for the homopolymers PDEGMA, PPEGMA500, and PPEGMA950, respectively). Moreover, the CAC of the copolymers in aqueous media is highly affected by the incorporation of hydrophobic GMA or hydrophilic DMAM units, leading to lower or higher values, respectively. Thus, the CAC decreases down to 0.003% w/v for the GMA-richest copolymer of PEGMA950, whereas CAC increases up to 0.01% w/v for the DMAM-richest copolymer of DEGMA. Turbidimetry and DLS studies proved that the thermo-sensitivity of the polymers is governed by several parameters such as the number of repeating ethylene glycol groups in the side chains of the OEGMAs, the molar percentage of the hydrophobic or hydrophilic comonomers, along with the addition of salts in the aqueous polymer solutions. Thus, the cloud point of the homopolymer PDEGMA was found at 23 °C and it increases to 33.5 °C for the DMAM-richest copolymer of DEGMA. Lastly, the formation of a hydrogel upon heating aqueous mixtures of the GMA-comprising copolymers with silica nanoparticles overnight is strong evidence of the functional character of these polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aggeliki Christopoulou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.C.); (C.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Charalampos Kazamiakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.C.); (C.K.); (G.B.)
| | - Zacharoula Iatridi
- Department of Materials Science, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Georgios Bokias
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece; (A.C.); (C.K.); (G.B.)
- Foundation for Research and Technology Hellas (FORTH), Institute of Chemical Engineering and High Temperature Chemical Processes, GR-26504 Patras, Greece
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8
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Vagenas D, Pispas S. Four-Component Statistical Copolymers by RAFT Polymerization. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1321. [PMID: 38794514 PMCID: PMC11125712 DOI: 10.3390/polym16101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This manuscript serves as the starting point for in-depth research of multicomponent, statistical, methacrylate-based copolymers that potentially mimic the behavior of proteins in aqueous solutions. These synthetic macromolecules are composed of specially chosen comonomers: methacrylic acid (MAA), oligoethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA475), 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) and benzyl methacrylate (BzMA). Monomer choice was based on factors such as the chemical nature of pendant functional groups, the polyelectrolyte/polyampholyte and amphiphilic character and the overall hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance (HLB) of the obtained quaterpolymers. Their synthesis was achieved via a one-pot reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization in two distinct compositions and molecular architectures, linear and hyperbranched, respectively, in order to explore the effects of macromolecular topology. The resulting statistical quaterpolymers were characterized via 1H-NMR and ATR-FTIR spectroscopies. Their behavior in aqueous solutions was studied by dynamic (DLS) and electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS), producing vital information concerning their self-assembly and the structure of the formed aggregates. The physicochemical studies were extended by tuning parameters such as the solution pH and ionic strength. Finally, the quaterpolymer behavior in FBS/PBS solutions was investigated to test their colloid stability and biocompatibility in an in vivo-mimicking, biological fluid environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece;
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9
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Makri K, Pispas S. Block and Statistical Copolymers of Methacrylate Monomers with Dimethylamino and Diisopropylamino Groups on the Side Chains: Synthesis, Chemical Modification and Self-Assembly in Aqueous Media. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1284. [PMID: 38732753 PMCID: PMC11085793 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of amphiphilic diblock and statistical (random) copolymers of poly(dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate) and poly((2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate) using the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization technique (RAFT polymerization) is reported. The precursor copolymers were chemically modified to create derivative copolymers of polyelectrolyte and polyampholyte nature with novel solution properties. Moreover, their molecular and physicochemical characteristics, as well as their self-assembly in aqueous media as a function of molecular architecture and composition, are investigated by using size exclusion chromatography, spectroscopic characterization techniques and light scattering techniques. Furthermore, the behavior and properties of the obtained micelles and aggregates were studied, depending on the pH, temperature and ionic strength of the aqueous solutions. The response of the systems to changes in these parameters shows interesting behavior and new properties that are useful for their utilization as nanocarriers of pharmaceutical compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece;
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10
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Grabner D, Pickett PD, McAfee T, Collins BA. Molecular Weight-Independent "Polysoap" Nanostructure Characterized via In Situ Resonant Soft X-ray Scattering. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7444-7455. [PMID: 38552143 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Studying polymer micelle structure and loading dynamics under environmental conditions is critical for nanocarrier applications but challenging due to a lack of in situ nanoprobes. Here, the structure and loading of amphiphilic polyelectrolyte copolymer micelles, formed by 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid (AMPS) and n-dodecyl acrylamide (DDAM), were investigated using a multimodal approach centered around in situ resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSoXS). We observe aqueous micelles formed from polymers of wide-ranging molecular weights and aqueous concentrations. Despite no measurable critical micelle concentration (CMC), structural analyses point toward multimeric structures for most molecular weights, with the lowest molecular weight micelles containing mixed coronas and forming loose micelle clusters that enhance hydrocarbon uptake. The sizes of the micelle substructures are independent of both the concentration and molecular weight. Combining these results with a measured molecular weight-invariant surface charge and zeta potential strengthens the link between the nanoparticle size and ionic charge in solution that governs the polysoap micelle structure. Such control would be critical for nanocarrier applications, such as drug delivery and water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devin Grabner
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Phillip D Pickett
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406, United States
| | - Terry McAfee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brian A Collins
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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11
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Nonappa. Precision nanoengineering for functional self-assemblies across length scales. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:13800-13819. [PMID: 37902292 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02205f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
As nanotechnology continues to push the boundaries across disciplines, there is an increasing need for engineering nanomaterials with atomic-level precision for self-assembly across length scales, i.e., from the nanoscale to the macroscale. Although molecular self-assembly allows atomic precision, extending it beyond certain length scales presents a challenge. Therefore, the attention has turned to size and shape-controlled metal nanoparticles as building blocks for multifunctional colloidal self-assemblies. However, traditionally, metal nanoparticles suffer from polydispersity, uncontrolled aggregation, and inhomogeneous ligand distribution, resulting in heterogeneous end products. In this feature article, I will discuss how virus capsids provide clues for designing subunit-based, precise, efficient, and error-free self-assembly of colloidal molecules. The atomically precise nanoscale proteinic subunits of capsids display rigidity (conformational and structural) and patchy distribution of interacting sites. Recent experimental evidence suggests that atomically precise noble metal nanoclusters display an anisotropic distribution of ligands and patchy ligand bundles. This enables symmetry breaking, consequently offering a facile route for two-dimensional colloidal crystals, bilayers, and elastic monolayer membranes. Furthermore, inter-nanocluster interactions mediated via the ligand functional groups are versatile, offering routes for discrete supracolloidal capsids, composite cages, toroids, and macroscopic hierarchically porous frameworks. Therefore, engineered nanoparticles with atomically precise structures have the potential to overcome the limitations of molecular self-assembly and large colloidal particles. Self-assembly allows the emergence of new optical properties, mechanical strength, photothermal stability, catalytic efficiency, quantum yield, and biological properties. The self-assembled structures allow reproducible optoelectronic properties, mechanical performance, and accurate sensing. More importantly, the intrinsic properties of individual nanoclusters are retained across length scales. The atomically precise nanoparticles offer enormous potential for next-generation functional materials, optoelectronics, precision sensors, and photonic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonappa
- Facutly of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, FI-33720, Tampere, Finland.
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12
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Valle H, Palao-Suay R, Aguilar MR, Lerma TA, Palencia M, Mangalaraja RV, Guzmán L, Pérez Sotelo D, Becerra J. Nanocarrier of α-Tocopheryl Succinate Based on a Copolymer Derivative of (4,7-dichloroquinolin-2-yl)methanol and Its Cytotoxicity against a Breast Cancer Cell Line. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4342. [PMID: 38006067 PMCID: PMC10674486 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the water solubility and, therefore, bioavailability and therapeutic activity of anticancer hydrophobic drug α-tocopherol succinate (α-TOS), in this work, copolymers were synthesized via free radicals from QMES (1-[4,7-dichloroquinolin-2-ylmethyl]-4-methacryloyloxyethyl succinate) and VP (N-vinyl-2-pirrolidone) using different molar ratios, and were used to nanoencapsulate and deliver α-TOS into cancer cells MCF-7. QMES monomer was chosen because the QMES pendant group in the polymer tends to hydrolyze to form free 4,7-dichloro-2-quinolinemethanol (QOH), which also, like α-TOS, exhibit anti-proliferative effects on cancerous cells. From the QMES-VP 30:70 (QMES-30) and 40:60 (QMES-40) copolymers obtained, it was possible to prepare aqueous suspensions of empty nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with α-TOS by nanoprecipitation. The diameter and encapsulation efficiency (%EE) of the QMES-30 NPs loaded with α-TOS were 128.6 nm and 52%; while for the QMES-40 NPs loaded with α-TOS, they were 148.8 nm and 65%. The results of the AlamarBlue assay at 72 h of treatment show that empty QMES-30 NPs (without α-TOS) produced a marked cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cells, corresponding to an IC50 value of 0.043 mg mL-1, and importantly, they did not exhibit cytotoxicity against healthy HUVEC cells. Furthermore, NP-QMES-40 loaded with α-TOS were cytotoxic with an IC50 value of 0.076 mg mL-1, demonstrating a progressive release of α-TOS; however, the latter nanoparticles were also cytotoxic to healthy cells in the range of the assayed concentrations. These results contribute to the search for a new polymeric nanocarrier of QOH, α-TOS or other hydrophobic drugs for the treatment of cancer or others diseases treatable with these drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Valle
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Raquel Palao-Suay
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-S.); (M.R.A.)
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Group of Biomaterials, Department of Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), 28006 Madrid, Spain; (R.P.-S.); (M.R.A.)
- Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Tulio A. Lerma
- Research Group in Science with Technological Applications (GI-CAT), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Science, University of Valle, Cali 760042, Colombia
- Mindtech Research Group (Mindtech-RG), Mindtech s.a.s., Barranquilla 080006, Colombia
| | - Manuel Palencia
- Research Group in Science with Technological Applications (GI-CAT), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Science, University of Valle, Cali 760042, Colombia
| | | | - Leonardo Guzmán
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Dairo Pérez Sotelo
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Córdoba, Montería 230002, Colombia
| | - José Becerra
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Botany, Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
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13
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Jheng LC, Chang TY, Fan CT, Hsieh TH, Hsieh FM, Huang WJ. Toughening of epoxy thermosets by self-assembled nanostructures of amphiphilic comb-like random copolymers. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33484-33494. [PMID: 38025865 PMCID: PMC10646570 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06349f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic comb-like random copolymers synthesized from poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMMA) and stearyl methacrylate (SMA) with PEGMMA contents ranging between 30 wt% and 25 wt% were demonstrated to self-assemble into various well-defined nanostructures, including spherical micelles, wormlike micelles, and vesicle-like nanodomains, in anhydride-cured epoxy thermosets. In addition, the polymer blends of the comb-like random copolymer and poly(stearyl methacrylate) were prepared and incorporated into epoxy thermosets to form irregularly shaped nanodomains. Our research findings indicate that both the comb-like random copolymers and polymer blends are suitable as toughening modifiers for epoxy. When added at a concentration of 5 wt%, both types of modifiers lead to substantial improvements in the tensile toughness (>289%) and fracture toughness of epoxy thermosets, with minor reductions in their elastic modulus (<16%) and glass transition temperature (<6.1 °C). The fracture toughness evaluated in terms of the critical stress intensity factor (KIC) and the strain energy release rate (GIC) increased by more than 67% and 131% for the modified epoxy thermosets containing comb-like random copolymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Cheng Jheng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan ROC +886 7 3830674 +886 7 3814526 ext.15148
| | - Ting-Yu Chang
- Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan ROC
| | - Chin-Ting Fan
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan ROC +886 7 3830674 +886 7 3814526 ext.15148
| | - Tsung-Han Hsieh
- Department of Mold and Die Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan ROC
| | - Feng-Ming Hsieh
- Material and Chemical Research Laboratories, Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan ROC
| | - Wan-Ju Huang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung Taiwan ROC +886 7 3830674 +886 7 3814526 ext.15148
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14
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Mazzaferro L, Lounder SJ, Asatekin A. Amphiphilic Polyampholytes for Fouling-Resistant and Easily Tunable Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:42557-42567. [PMID: 37656014 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c07745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The versatility of membranes is limited by the narrow range of material chemistries on the market, which cannot address many relevant separations. Expanding their use requires new membrane materials that can be tuned to address separations by providing the desired selectivity and robustness. Self-assembly is a versatile and scalable approach to create tunable membranes with a narrow pore size distribution. This study reports the first examples of a new class of membrane materials that derives state-of-the-art permeability, selectivity, and fouling resistance from the self-assembly of random polyampholyte amphiphilic copolymers. These membranes feature a network of ionic nanodomains that serve as nanochannels for water permeation, framed by hydrophobic nanodomains that preserve their structural integrity. This copolymer design approach enables precise selectivity control. For example, sodium sulfate rejections can be tuned from 5% to 93% with no significant change in the pore size or fouling resistance. Membranes developed here have potential applications in wastewater treatment and chemical separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Mazzaferro
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Samuel J Lounder
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
| | - Ayse Asatekin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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15
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Delledonne A, Guazzelli E, Pescina S, Bianchera A, Galli G, Martinelli E, Sissa C. Amphiphilic Fluorinated Unimer Micelles as Nanocarriers of Fluorescent Probes for Bioimaging. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2023; 6:15551-15562. [PMID: 37706068 PMCID: PMC10496108 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c02300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
The unique self-assembly properties of unimer micelles are exploited for the preparation of fluorescent nanocarriers embedding hydrophobic fluorophores. Unimer micelles are constituted by a (meth)acrylate copolymer with oligoethyleneglycol and perflurohexylethyl side chains (PEGMA90-co-FA10) in which the hydrophilic and hydrophobic comonomers are statistically distributed along the polymeric backbone. Thanks to hydrophobic interactions in water, the amphiphilic copolymer forms small nanoparticles (<10 nm), with tunable properties and functionality. An easy procedure for the encapsulation of a small hydrophobic molecule (C153 fluorophore) within unimer micelles is presented. UV-vis, fluorescence, and fluorescence anisotropy spectroscopic experimental data demonstrate that the fluorophore is effectively embedded in the nanocarriers. Moreover, the nanocarrier positively contributes to preserve the good emissive properties of the fluorophore in water. The efficacy of the dye-loaded nanocarrier as a fluorescent probe is tested in two-photon imaging of thick ex vivo porcine scleral tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Delledonne
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Elisa Guazzelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pescina
- ADDRes
Lab, Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bianchera
- ADDRes
Lab, Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e del Farmaco, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Galli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centro
per la Integrazione Della Strumentazione Dell’Università
di Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno
Pacinotti 43/44, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Cristina Sissa
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche, della Vita e della Sostenibilità Ambientale, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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16
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Wijker S, Palmans ARA. Protein-Inspired Control over Synthetic Polymer Folding for Structured Functional Nanoparticles in Water. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300260. [PMID: 37417828 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The folding of proteins into functional nanoparticles with defined 3D structures has inspired chemists to create simple synthetic systems mimicking protein properties. The folding of polymers into nanoparticles in water proceeds via different strategies, resulting in the global compaction of the polymer chain. Herein, we review the different methods available to control the conformation of synthetic polymers and collapse/fold them into structured, functional nanoparticles, such as hydrophobic collapse, supramolecular self-assembly, and covalent cross-linking. A comparison is made between the design principles of protein folding to synthetic polymer folding and the formation of structured nanocompartments in water, highlighting similarities and differences in design and function. We also focus on the importance of structure for functional stability and diverse applications in complex media and cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wijker
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anja R A Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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17
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Guazzelli E, Pisano G, Turriani M, Biver T, Kriechbaum M, Uhlig F, Galli G, Martinelli E. The Nanostructured Self-Assembly and Thermoresponsiveness in Water of Amphiphilic Copolymers Carrying Oligoethylene Glycol and Polysiloxane Side Chains. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1703. [PMID: 37376151 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15061703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Amphiphilic copolymer self-assembly is a straightforward approach to obtain responsive micelles, nanoparticles, and vesicles that are particularly attractive for biomedicine, i.e., for the delivery of functional molecules. Here, amphiphilic copolymers of hydrophobic polysiloxane methacrylate and hydrophilic oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate with different lengths of oxyethylenic side chains were synthesized via controlled RAFT radical polymerization and characterized both thermally and in solution. In particular, the thermoresponsive and self-assembling behavior of the water-soluble copolymers in water was investigated via complementary techniques such as light transmittance, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. All the copolymers synthesized were thermoresponsive, displaying a cloud point temperature (Tcp) strongly dependent on macromolecular parameters such as the length of the oligo(ethylene glycol) side chains and the content of the SiMA counits, as well as the concentration of the copolymer in water, which is consistent with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST)-type behavior. SAXS analysis revealed that the copolymers formed nanostructures in water below Tcp, whose dimension and shape depended on the content of the hydrophobic components in the copolymer. The hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) determined by DLS increased with the amount of SiMA and the associated morphology at higher SiMA contents was found to be pearl-necklace-micelle-like, composed of connected hydrophobic cores. These novel amphiphilic copolymers were able to modulate thermoresponsiveness in water in a wide range of temperatures, including the physiological temperature, as well as the dimension and shape of their nanostructured assemblies, simply by varying their chemical composition and the length of the hydrophilic side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Guazzelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pisano
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Turriani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Tarita Biver
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Manfred Kriechbaum
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Uhlig
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Giancarlo Galli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Elisa Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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18
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Vagenas D, Pispas S. Triple Hydrophilic Statistical Terpolymers via RAFT Polymerization: Synthesis and Properties in Aqueous Solutions. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15112492. [PMID: 37299291 DOI: 10.3390/polym15112492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we report the synthesis of novel triple hydrophilic statistical terpolymers consisting of three different methacrylate monomers with varying degrees of responsivity to solution conditions. Terpolymers of the type poly(di(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate-co-2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate-co-oligoethylene glycol methyl ether methacrylate), P(DEGMA-co-DMAEMA-co-OEGMA), and of different compositions, were prepared by using the RAFT methodology. Their molecular characterization was carried out using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and spectroscopic techniques, including 1H-NMR and ATR-FTIR. Studies in dilute aqueous media by dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering (DLS and ELS) show their potential responsiveness regarding changes in temperature, pH, and kosmotropic salt concentration. Finally, the change in hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance of the formed terpolymer nanoparticles during heating and cooling was studied using fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) in conjunction with pyrene giving additional information on the responsiveness and internal structure of the self-assembled nanoaggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Vagenas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave., 11635 Athens, Greece
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19
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Kikuchi M, Saito N, Ohke M, Nagano S, Nishitsuji S, Matsui J. Order-order transitions in poly( N-octadecyl acrylamide- co-hydroxyethyl acrylamide) statistical copolymer films. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:3058-3068. [PMID: 37017407 DOI: 10.1039/d3sm00265a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates that a simple statistical copolymer can form self-assembled lamellae, whose structures depend on both the comonomer composition and the annealing temperature. Statistical copolymers of octadecyl acrylamide and hydroxyethyl acrylamide [p(ODA/HEAm)] were prepared via free-radical copolymerization, and their thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry. Thin films of p(ODA/HEAm) were prepared via spin-coating, and their structures were analyzed using X-ray diffraction. It was found that copolymers with HEAm contents between 28 and 50% formed self-assembled lamellae upon annealing at a temperature ∼10 °C above the glass-transition temperature. The self-assembled form was found to possess a "side-chain-mixed" lamellar structure, in which the ODA and HEAm side chains are oriented perpendicular to the lamellar plane composed of the polymer main chain. Interestingly, a copolymer with a HEAm content between 36 and 50% transformed from the side-chain-mixed lamellar structure to generate a "side-chain-segregated" lamellar structure upon annealing at a significantly higher temperature (∼50 °C above Tg). In this structure, the ODA and HEAm side chains were found to be oriented in opposite directions but perpendicular to the lamellar plane. The packing of the side chains in the lamellar structures was studied using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. It was concluded that the structures of the self-assembled lamellae are determined by the strain forces generated during self-assembly, and by the segregation forces existing between the comonomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Kikuchi
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Nozomi Saito
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
| | - Mizuki Ohke
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan
| | - Shusaku Nagano
- College of Science, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima-ku, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nishitsuji
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, 992-8510, Japan
| | - Jun Matsui
- Faculty of Science, Yamagata University, 1-4-12 Kojirakawa-machi, Yamagata 990-8560, Japan.
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20
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Triantafyllopoulou E, Selianitis D, Pippa N, Gazouli M, Valsami G, Pispas S. Development of Hybrid DSPC:DOPC:P(OEGMA 950-DIPAEMA) Nanostructures: The Random Architecture of Polymeric Guest as a Key Design Parameter. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15091989. [PMID: 37177137 PMCID: PMC10181429 DOI: 10.3390/polym15091989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Hybrid nanoparticles have gained a lot of attention due to their advantageous properties and versatility in pharmaceutical applications. In this perspective, the formation of novel systems and the exploration of their characteristics not only from a physicochemical but also from a biophysical perspective could promote the development of new nanoplatforms with well-defined features. In the current work, lipid/copolymer bilayers were formed in different lipid to copolymer ratios and examined via differential scanning calorimetry as a preformulation study to decipher the interactions between the biomaterials, followed by nanostructure preparation by the thin-film hydration method. Physicochemical and toxicological evaluations were conducted utilizing light scattering techniques, fluorescence spectroscopy, and MTS assay. 1,2-dioctadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) in different weight ratios were the chosen lipids, while a linear random copolymer with pH- and thermoresponsive properties comprised of oligo (ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA) and 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DIPAEMA) in different ratios was used. According to our results, non-toxic hybrid nanosystems with stimuli-responsive properties were successfully formulated, and the main parameters influencing their overall performance were the hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance, lipid to polymer ratio, and more importantly the random copolymer topology. Hopefully, this investigation can promote a better understanding of the factors affecting the behavior of hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efstathia Triantafyllopoulou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitriοs Selianitis
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Maria Gazouli
- Laboratory of Biology, Department of Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine National and Kapodistrian, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Georgia Valsami
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute, National Hellenic Research Foundation, 48 Vassileos Constantinou Avenue, 11635 Athens, Greece
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21
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Stimuli-Responsive Self-Assembly of Poly(2-(Dimethylamino)ethyl Methacrylate-co-(oligo ethylene glycol)methacrylate) Random Copolymers and Their Modified Derivatives. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15061519. [PMID: 36987299 PMCID: PMC10059824 DOI: 10.3390/polym15061519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, the synthesis and the stimuli-responsive self-assembly behavior of novel double-hydrophilic poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate-co-(oligo ethylene glycol)methacrylate) random copolymers and their chemically modified derivatives are presented. The synthesis of P(DMAEMA-co-OEGMA) copolymers of different DMAEMA mass compositions was successfully conducted through RAFT polymerization, further followed by the hydrophilic/hydrophobic quaternization with methyl iodide (CH3I), 1-iodohexane (C6H13I), and 1-iodododecane (C12H25I). The tertiary and quaternary amines are randomly arranged within the DMAEMA segment, responding thus to pH, temperature, and salt alterations in aqueous solutions. Light scattering techniques elucidated the intramolecular self-folding and intermolecular self-assembly of polymer chains of P(DMAEMA-co-OEGMA) copolymers upon exposure to different pHs and temperatures. Q(P(DMAEMA-co-OEGMA)) cationic polyelectrolytes demonstrated moderate response to pH, temperature, and ionic strength as a result of the permanent hydrophilic/hydrophobic profile, closely connected with the attached alkyl chains and the quaternization degree. Moreover, fluorescence spectroscopy measurements confirmed the internal micropolarity and the picture of the aggregate inner structure.
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22
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Ntente C, Iatridi Z, Theodoropoulou M, Bokias G, Tsakiroglou C. Anionic amphiphilic copolymers as potential agents for enhanced oil recovery. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2023.105521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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23
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Żak A, Łazarski G, Wytrwal-Sarna M, Jamróz D, Górniewicz M, Foryś A, Trzebicka B, Kepczynski M. Molecular insights into the self-assembly of hydrophobically modified chondroitin sulfate in aqueous media. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 297:119999. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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24
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Kravchenko VS, Gumerov RA, Papadakis CM, Potemkin II. Self-Assembly of Molecular Brushes with Responsive Alternating Copolymer Side Chains. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly S. Kravchenko
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Rustam A. Gumerov
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Christine M. Papadakis
- Fachgebiet Physik weicher Materie, Physik-Department, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Straße 1, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Igor I. Potemkin
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- National Research South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk 454080, Russian Federation
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25
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Tomara M, Selianitis D, Pispas S. Dual-Responsive Amphiphilic P(DMAEMA-co-LMA-co-OEGMA) Terpolymer Nano-Assemblies in Aqueous Media. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:nano12213791. [PMID: 36364568 PMCID: PMC9659099 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work reports on the synthesis and self-assembly of a novel series of dual-responsive poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethylmethacrylate-co-laurylmethacrylate-co-(oligoethyleneglycol)methacrylate], P(DMAEMA-co-LMA-co-OEGMA)statistical terpolymers in aqueous solutions. Five P(DMAEMA-co-LMA-co-OEGMA) amphiphilic terpolymers, having different content of the three monomers, were synthesized via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The success of the synthesis was confirmed by the molecular characterization of the terpolymers via size exclusion chromatography (SEC) for the determination of molecular weights and the molecular weight distributions. By using nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, it was possible to determine the exact composition of the terpolymers. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescence spectroscopy (FS) indicated the formation of P(DMAEMA-co-LMA-co-OEGMA) unimolecular or multichain aggregates in aqueous solutions, as a response to pH, temperature and ionic strength changes, with their dimensions being largely affected. The amphiphilic terpolymers were able to encapsulate the hydrophobic drug curcumin (CUR) and demonstrate stability to fetal bovine serum (FBS) solutions. These terpolymer aggregates were studied by DLS, FS and UV-Vis, and it was found that they may have been used as potential nanocarriers for drug delivery and bio-imaging applications.
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Shin M, Kim H, Park G, Park J, Ahn H, Yoon DK, Lee E, Seo M. Bilayer-folded lamellar mesophase induced by random polymer sequence. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2433. [PMID: 35508536 PMCID: PMC9068626 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30122-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Randomness is perceived in two different extremes, in macroscopic homogeneity and local heterogeneity, but apparently far away from order. Here we show that a periodic order spontaneously arises from a binary random copolymer when self-assembly occurs in an ensemble containing > 1015 possible chain sequences. A Bernoullian distribution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic side chains grafted onto a linear backbone was constructed by random copolymerization. When the polymer chains associate in water, a sequence matching problem occurs because of the drastic heterogeneity in sequence: this is believed to generate local curvature mismatches which deviate from the ensemble-averaged interfacial curvature. Periodic folding of the self-assembled bilayer stabilizes the curvature instability as recurring hinges. Reminiscent of chain-folded lamellae found in polymer crystallization, this new liquid crystalline mesophase, characterized as bilayer-folded lamellae, manifests itself as an anisotropically alignable birefringent hydrogel with structural hierarchy across multiple length scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjoong Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hayeon Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonhyeong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungju Ahn
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory (PAL), Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Ki Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungeun Seo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
- KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, KAIST, Daejeon, 34141, Republic of Korea.
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27
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Hechenbichler M, Prause A, Gradzielski M, Laschewsky A. Thermoresponsive Self-Assembly of Twofold Fluorescently Labeled Block Copolymers in Aqueous Solution and Microemulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:5166-5182. [PMID: 34734729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A nonionic double hydrophilic block copolymer with a long permanently hydrophilic and a small thermoresponsive block is synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT). By employing a specifically designed chain-transfer agent, the polymer is functionalized with complementary end groups which are suited for Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). The end group attached to the permanently hydrophilic block of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) pDMAm is designed as a permanently hydrophobic segment ("sticker") comprising a long alkyl chain and the 4-aminonaphthalimide fluorophore. The other end attached to the thermoresponsive block of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) pNiPAm incorporates a coumarin fluorophore. The temperature-dependent self-assembly of the twofold fluorescently labeled copolymer is studied in pure aqueous solution as well as in an o/w microemulsion by several techniques including turbidimetry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and fluorescence spectroscopy. It is compared to the behaviors of the analogous twofold-labeled pDMAm and pNiPAm homopolymer references. The findings indicate that the block copolymer behaves as a polymeric surfactant at low temperatures, with one relatively small hydrophobic end block and an extended hydrophilic chain forming "hairy micelles". At elevated temperatures above the LCST phase transition of the pNiPAm block, however, the copolymer behaves as an associative telechelic polymer with two nonsymmetrical hydrophobic end blocks, which do not mix. Thus, instead of a network of bridged "flower micelles", large dynamic aggregates are formed. These are connected alternatingly by the original micellar cores as well as by clusters of the collapsed pNiPAm blocks. This type of structure is even more favored in the o/w microemulsion than in pure aqueous solution, as the microemulsion droplets constitute an attractive anchoring point for the hydrophobic dodecyl sticker but not for the collapsed pNiPAm chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Hechenbichler
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Albert Prause
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Gradzielski
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, FG Physical Chemistry/Molecular Material Science Institute of Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17 Juni 124, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - André Laschewsky
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Straße 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Polymer Research IAP, Fraunhofer Institute, Geiselbergstr. 69, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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28
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Robertson M, Zagho MM, Nazarenko S, Qiang Z. Mesoporous carbons from self‐assembled polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Robertson
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Moustafa M. Zagho
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Sergei Nazarenko
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
| | - Zhe Qiang
- School of Polymer Science and Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg Mississippi USA
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29
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Poly[(vinyl benzyl trimethylammonium chloride)]-based nanoparticulate copolymer structures encapsulating insulin. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Balafouti A, Pispas S. P(
OEGMA‐co‐LMA
) hyperbranched amphiphilic copolymers as self‐assembled nanocarriers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Balafouti
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
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31
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Vincent MP, Navidzadeh JO, Bobbala S, Scott EA. Leveraging self-assembled nanobiomaterials for improved cancer immunotherapy. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:255-276. [PMID: 35148814 PMCID: PMC8930620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials and targeted drug delivery vehicles improve the therapeutic index of drugs and permit greater control over their pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and bioavailability. Here, nanotechnologies applied to cancer immunotherapy are discussed with a focus on current and next generation self-assembling drug delivery systems composed of lipids and/or polymers. Topics covered include the fundamental design, suitability, and inherent properties of nanomaterials that induce anti-tumor immune responses and support anti-cancer vaccination. Established active and passive targeting strategies as well as newer "indirect" methods are presented together with insights into how nanocarrier structure and surface chemistry can be leveraged for controlled delivery to the tumor microenvironment while minimizing off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Vincent
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Justin O Navidzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Sharan Bobbala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Evan A Scott
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA; Simpson Querrey Institute, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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32
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Sahu H, Shen KH, Montoya JH, Tran H, Ramprasad R. Polymer Structure Predictor (PSP): A Python Toolkit for Predicting Atomic-Level Structural Models for a Range of Polymer Geometries. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:2737-2748. [PMID: 35244397 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three-dimensional atomic-level models of polymers are the starting points for physics-based simulation studies. A capability to generate reasonable initial structural models is highly desired for this purpose. We have developed a python toolkit, namely, polymer structure predictor (psp), to generate a hierarchy of polymer models, ranging from oligomers to infinite chains to crystals to amorphous models, using a simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) string of the polymer repeat unit as the primary input. This toolkit allows users to tune several parameters to manage the quality and scale of models and computational cost. The output structures and accompanying force field (GAFF2/OPLS-AA) parameter files can be used for downstream ab initio and molecular dynamics simulations. The psp package includes a Colab notebook where users can go through several examples, building their own models, visualizing them, and downloading them for later use. The psp toolkit, being a first of its kind, will facilitate automation in polymer property prediction and design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harikrishna Sahu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Kuan-Hsuan Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Joseph H Montoya
- Accelerated Materials Design and Discovery, Toyota Research Institute, Los Altos, California 94022, United States
| | - Huan Tran
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Rampi Ramprasad
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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33
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Hernández Becerra E, Quinchia J, Castro C, Orozco J. Light-Triggered Polymersome-Based Anticancer Therapeutics Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:836. [PMID: 35269324 PMCID: PMC8912464 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes are biomimetic cell membrane-like model structures that are self-assembled stepwise from amphiphilic copolymers. These polymeric (nano)carriers have gained the scientific community's attention due to their biocompatibility, versatility, and higher stability than liposomes. Their tunable properties, such as composition, size, shape, and surface functional groups, extend encapsulation possibilities to either hydrophilic or hydrophobic cargoes (or both) and their site-specific delivery. Besides, polymersomes can disassemble in response to different stimuli, including light, for controlling the "on-demand" release of cargo that may also respond to light as photosensitizers and plasmonic nanostructures. Thus, polymersomes can be spatiotemporally stimulated by light of a wide wavelength range, whose exogenous response may activate light-stimulable moieties, enhance the drug efficacy, decrease side effects, and, thus, be broadly employed in photoinduced therapy. This review describes current light-responsive polymersomes evaluated for anticancer therapy. It includes light-activable moieties' features and polymersomes' composition and release behavior, focusing on recent advances and applications in cancer therapy, current trends, and photosensitive polymersomes' perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hernández Becerra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jennifer Quinchia
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Cristina Castro
- Engineering School, Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bloque 11, Cq. 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050004, Colombia;
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
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34
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Li S, Cui R, Yu C, Zhou Y. Coarse-Grained Model of Thiol-Epoxy-Based Alternating Copolymers in Explicit Solvents. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1830-1841. [PMID: 35179028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cosolvent method has been widely used in the self-assembly of amphiphilic alternating copolymers (ACPs), but the role of good and selective solvents is rarely investigated. Here, we have developed a coarse-grained (CG) model for the widely studied thiol-epoxy-based amphiphilic ACPs and a three-bead CG model for tetrahydrofuran (THF) as the good solvent, which is compatible with the MARTINI water model. The accuracy of both the CG polymer and THF models was validated by reproducing the structural and thermodynamic properties obtained from experiments or atomistic simulation results. Density in bulk, the radius of gyration, and solvation free energy in water or THF showed a good agreement between CG and atomistic models. The CG models were further employed to explore the self-assembly of ACPs in THF/water mixtures with different compositions. Chain folding and liquid-liquid phase separation behaviors were found with increasing water fractions, which were the key steps of the self-assembly process. This work will provide a basic platform to explore the self-assembly of amphiphilic ACPs in solvent mixtures and to reveal the real role of different solvents in self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlong Li
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Rui Cui
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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35
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Iqbal S, Zhao Z. Poly (β amino esters) copolymers: Novel potential vectors for delivery of genes and related therapeutics. Int J Pharm 2022; 611:121289. [PMID: 34775041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The unique properties of polymers have performed an essential contribution to the drug delivery system by providing an outstanding platform for the delivery of macromolecules and genes. However, the block copolymers have been the subject of many recently published works whose results have demonstrated excellent performance in drug targeting. Poly(β-amino esters) (PβAEs) copolymers are the synthetic cationic polymers that are tailored by chemically joining PβAEs with other additives to demonstrate extraordinary efficiency in designing pre-defined and pre-programmed nanostructures, site-specific delivery, andovercoming the distinct cellular barriers. Different compositional and structural libraries could be generated by combinatorial chemistry and by the addition of various novel functional additives that fulfill the multiple requirements of targeted delivery. These intriguing attributes allow PβAE-copolymers to have customized therapeutic functions such as excellent encapsulation capacity, high stability, and stimuli-responsive release. Here, we give an overview of PβAE copolymers-based formulations along with focusing on most notable improvements such as structural modifications, bio-conjugations, and stimuli-responsive approaches, for safe and effective nucleic acids delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajid Iqbal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China
| | - Zhongxi Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Key University Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Systems of Shandong Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, Shandong 250012, PR China; Pediatric Pharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Dyne Marine Biopharmaceutical Company Limited, Rongcheng, Shandong 264300, PR China; Chemical Immunopharmaceutical Engineering Laboratory of Shandong Province, Shandong Xili Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Heze, Shandong 274300, PR China.
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36
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Sakamoto Y, Nishimura T. Recent advances in the self-assembly of sparsely grafted amphiphilic copolymers in aqueous solution. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01018f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the self-assembly of sparsely grafted amphiphilic copolymers and highlights the effects of structural factors and solvents on their self-assembly behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Sakamoto
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Tomoki Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
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37
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Peng W, Fan B, Li Y, Dong Y, Qian W, Ji X, Gan D, Liu P, Shen J. Layer-by-layer construction of zwitterionic/biguanide polymers on silicone rubber as antifouling/bactericidal coating. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:8013-8023. [DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01671k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm formation on biomedical devices is the major cause of devices associated infections. Traditional antibiotics treatments on biofilm associated infections is increasing the risk of multidrug resistance. Thus, developing antibiotics-free...
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38
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Hibino M, Tanaka K, Ouchi M, Terashima T. Amphiphilic Random-Block Copolymer Micelles in Water: Precise and Dynamic Self-Assembly Controlled by Random Copolymer Association. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Hibino
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kei Tanaka
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Makoto Ouchi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Takaya Terashima
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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39
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Panja S, Siehr A, Sahoo A, Siegel RA, Shen W. Biodegradable Elastomers Enabling Thermoprocessing Below 100 °C. Biomacromolecules 2021; 23:163-173. [PMID: 34898190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible elastomers are highly desirable for many biomedical applications. Here, we report synthesis and characterization of poly(ε-caprolactone)-co-poly(β-methyl-δ-valerolactone)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PβMδVL-PCL) elastomers. These materials have strain to failure values greater than 1000%. Tensile set measurements according to an ASTM standard revealed a 98.24% strain recovery 10 min after the force was removed and complete strain recovery 40 min after the force was removed. The PβMδVL midblock is amorphous with a glass-transition temperature of -51 °C, and PCL end blocks are semicrystalline and have a melting temperature in the range of 52-55 °C. Due to their thermoplastic nature and the low melting temperature, these elastomers can be readily processed by printing, extrusion, or hot-pressing at 60 °C. Lysozyme, a model bioactive agent, was incorporated into a PCL-PβMδVL-PCL elastomer through melt blending in an extruder, and the blend was further hot-pressed into films; both processing steps were performed at 60 °C. No loss of lysozyme bioactivity was observed. PCL-PβMδVL-PCL elastomers are as cytocompatible as tissue culture polystyrene in supporting cell viability and cell growth, and they are degradable in aqueous environments through hydrolysis. The degradable, cytocompatible, elastomeric, and thermoplastic properties of PCL-PβMδVL-PCL polymers collectively render them potentially valuable for many applications in the biomedical field, such as medical devices and tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudipta Panja
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Allison Siehr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Anasuya Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, 308 SE Harvard St, Room 9-177 Weaver Densford Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ronald A Siegel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, 308 SE Harvard St, Room 9-177 Weaver Densford Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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40
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Paruchuri BC, Gopal V, Sarupria S, Larsen J. Toward enzyme-responsive polymersome drug delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2679-2693. [PMID: 34870451 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In drug delivery, enzyme-responsive drug carriers are becoming increasingly relevant because of the growing association of disease pathology with enzyme overexpression. Polymersomes are of interest to such applications because of their tunable properties. While polymersomes open up a wide range of chemical and physical properties to explore, they also present a challenge in developing generalized rules for the synthesis of novel systems. Motivated by this issue, in this perspective, we summarize the existing knowledge on enzyme-responsive polymersomes and outline the main design choices. Then, we propose heuristics to guide the design of novel systems. Finally, we discuss the potential of an integrated approach using computer simulations and experimental studies to streamline this design process and close the existing knowledge gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Varun Gopal
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA.,Department of Chemical Engineering & Material Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sapna Sarupria
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA.,Center for Optical Materials Science & Engineering Technologies (COMSET), Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29670, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Jessica Larsen
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29631, USA
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41
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Siehr A, Flory C, Callaway T, Schumacher RJ, Siegel RA, Shen W. Implantable and Degradable Thermoplastic Elastomer. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:5598-5610. [PMID: 34788004 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c01123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable and implantable materials having elastomeric properties are highly desirable for many biomedical applications. Here, we report that poly(lactide)-co-poly(β-methyl-δ-valerolactone)-co-poly(lactide) (PLA-PβMδVL-PLA), a thermoplastic triblock poly(α-ester), has combined favorable properties of elasticity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. This material exhibits excellent elastomeric properties in both dry and aqueous environments. The elongation at break is approximately 1000%, and stretched specimens completely recover to their original shape after force is removed. The material is degradable both in vitro and in vivo; it degrades more slowly than poly(glycerol sebacate) and more rapidly than poly(caprolactone) in vivo. Both the polymer and its degradation product show high cytocompatibility in vitro. The histopathological analysis of PLA-PβMδVL-PLA specimens implanted in the gluteal muscle of rats for 1, 4, and 8 weeks revealed similar tissue responses as compared with poly(glycerol sebacate) and poly(caprolactone) controls, two widely accepted implantable polymers, suggesting that PLA-PβMδVL-PLA can potentially be used as an implantable material with favorable in vivo biocompatibility. The thermoplastic nature allows this elastomer to be readily processed, as demonstrated by the facile fabrication of the substrates with topographical cues to enhance muscle cell alignment. These properties collectively make this polymer potentially highly valuable for applications such as medical devices and tissue engineering scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Siehr
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Craig Flory
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Minnesota, Phillips-Wangensteen Building 516 Delaware St. SE, MMC 367, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Trenton Callaway
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Robert J Schumacher
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Minnesota, Phillips-Wangensteen Building 516 Delaware St. SE, MMC 367, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Minnesota, 7-115 Weaver-Densford Hall, 308 Harvard St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ronald A Siegel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Minnesota, 308 Harvard St. SE, Room 9-177 Weaver Densford Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, 725 Mayo Memorial Building, MMC 609, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Wei Shen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 312 Church St. SE, 7-105 Nils Hasselmo Hall, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States.,Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, 725 Mayo Memorial Building, MMC 609, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Chen X, Michinobu T. Postpolymerization Modification: A Powerful Tool for the Synthesis and Function Tuning of Stimuli‐Responsive Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 Ookayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Michinobu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology 2‐12‐1 Ookayama, Meguro‐ku Tokyo 152‐8552 Japan
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43
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Vao-soongnern V. Molecular simulation of molecular and surface properties of random copolymer nanoparticle. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Biglione C, Neumann‐Tran TMP, Kanwal S, Klinger D. Amphiphilic micro‐ and nanogels: Combining properties from internal hydrogel networks, solid particles, and micellar aggregates. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Biglione
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sidra Kanwal
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
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45
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An J, Choi JW, Son SR, Kim S, Park J, Park CB, Lee JH. Hierarchical and automatic construction of ultrathin polymer nanoarchitecture with islands of alkyl chains for spontaneous interfacial molecular alignment. POLYMER 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2021.124161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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46
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Mukherjee M, Mandal P, Patra D, Pal D, Shunmugam R, Chattopadhyay D. A unique twisted rod‐like pattern due to π‐π stacking induced host‐guest self‐assembly. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Mukherjee
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology University of Calcutta Kolkata India
| | - Piyali Mandal
- Polymer Research Centre, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
| | - Diptendu Patra
- Polymer Research Centre, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
| | - Dwaipayan Pal
- Polymer Research Centre, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
| | - Raja Shunmugam
- Polymer Research Centre, Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
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47
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Uddin MA, Yu H, Wang L, Liu J, Mehmood S, Amin BU, Haq F, Liang R, Shen D, Ni Z. Multi-stimuli-responsive performance and morphological changes of radical-functionalized self-assembled micellar nanoaggregates and their multi-triggered drug release. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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48
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Nayak K, Ghosh P, Khan MEH, De P. Side‐chain amino‐acid‐based polymers: self‐assembly and bioapplications. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasturee Nayak
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
| | - Pooja Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
| | - Md Ezaz Hasan Khan
- School of General Education, College of the North Atlantic – Qatar Doha Qatar
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata Nadia India
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49
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Larison T, Stefik M. Persistent Micelle Corona Chemistry Enables Constant Micelle Core Size with Independent Control of Functionality and Polyelectrolyte Response. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9817-9825. [PMID: 34355919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Polymer micelles have found significant uses in areas such as drug/gene delivery, medical imaging, and as templates for nanomaterials. For many of these applications, the micelle performance depends on its size and chemical functionalization. To date, however, these parameters have often been fundamentally coupled since the equilibrium size of a micelle is a function of the chemical composition in addition to other parameters. Here, we demonstrate a novel processing pathway allowing for the chemical modification to the corona of kinetically trapped "persistent" polymer micelles, termed Persistent Micelle Corona Chemistry (PMCC). Judicious planning is crucial to this size-controlled functionalization where each step requires all reagents and polymer blocks to be compatible with (1) the desired chemistry, (2) micelle persistency, and (3) micelle dispersion. A desired functionalization can be implemented with PMCC by pairing the synthetic planning with polymer solubility databases. Specifically, poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate-b-(diethoxyphosphoryl)methyl methacrylate) (PCHMA-b-PDEPMMA) was prepared to combine a glassy-core block (PCHMA) for kinetic control with a block (PDEPMMA) that is able to be hydrolyzed to yield acid groups. The processing sequence determines the resulting micelle size distribution where the hydrolyzed-then-micellized sequence yields widely varying micelle dimensions due to equilibration. In contrast, the micellized-then-hydrolyzed sequence maintains kinetically trapped micelles throughout the PMCC process. Statistically significant transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements demonstrate that PMCC uniquely enables this functionalization with constant average micelle core dimensions. Furthermore, these kinetically trapped micelles also subsequently maintain constant micelle core size when modifying the Coulombic interactions of the micelle corona via pH changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor Larison
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
| | - Morgan Stefik
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, United States
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50
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Nishimura T, Fujii S, Sakurai K, Sasaki Y, Akiyoshi K. Manipulating the Morphology of Amphiphilic Graft-Copolymer Assemblies by Adjusting the Flexibility of the Main Chain. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoki Nishimura
- Department of Chemistry and Materials, Faculty of Textile Science and Technology, Shinshu University, 3-15-1, Tokida, Ueda, Nagano 386-8567, Japan
| | - Shota Fujii
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Kazuo Sakurai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Kitakyushu, 1-1, Hibikino, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Sasaki
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunari Akiyoshi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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