1
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Raza MA, Kim SA, Kim DI, Song MK, Han SS, Park SH. Synthesis of carboxymethyl chitosan-guar gum-poly(vinylpyrrolidone) ternary blended hydrogels with antibacterial/anticancer efficacy and drug delivery applications. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE. POLYMER EDITION 2024; 35:1706-1725. [PMID: 38754029 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2024.2349409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Biopolymers have the utmost significance in biomedical applications and blending synthetic polymers has shown favorable characteristics versus individual counterparts. The utilization of the blends can be restricted through the use of toxic chemical agents such as initiators or crosslinkers. In this regard, a chemical agent-free ionizing irradiation is a beneficial alternative for preparing the hydrogels for biomedical applications. In this study, carboxymethyl chitosan (CM-CS), guar gum (GG), and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) based ternary blends (TB) were crosslinked using various doses of ionizing irradiation to fabricate hydrogels. The prepared hydrogels were characterized for physicochemical properties, swelling analysis, biological assays, and drug delivery applications. Swelling analysis in distilled water revealed that the hydrogels exhibit excellent swelling characteristics. An in vitro cytocompatibility assay showed that the hydrogels have greater than 90% cell viability for the human epithelial cell line and a decreasing cell viability trend for the human alveolar adenocarcinoma cell line. In addition, the prepared hydrogels possessed excellent antibacterial characteristics against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli). Finally, the release studies of anti-inflammatory Quercus acutissima (QA) loaded hydrogels exhibited more than 80% release in phosphate-buffered saline (pH = 7.4). These findings suggest that TB hydrogels can be used as suitable carrier media for different release systems and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Raza
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Ae Kim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Im Kim
- Inhalation Toxicology Centre for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Song
- Inhalation Toxicology Centre for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Soo Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Cell Culture, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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2
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Ahmed MS, Islam M, Hasan MK, Nam KW. A Comprehensive Review of Radiation-Induced Hydrogels: Synthesis, Properties, and Multidimensional Applications. Gels 2024; 10:381. [PMID: 38920928 PMCID: PMC11203285 DOI: 10.3390/gels10060381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
At the forefront of advanced material technology, radiation-induced hydrogels present a promising avenue for innovation across various sectors, utilizing gamma radiation, electron beam radiation, and UV radiation. Through the unique synthesis process involving radiation exposure, these hydrogels exhibit exceptional properties that make them highly versatile and valuable for a multitude of applications. This paper focuses on the intricacies of the synthesis methods employed in creating these radiation-induced hydrogels, shedding light on their structural characteristics and functional benefits. In particular, the paper analyzes the diverse utility of these hydrogels in biomedicine and agriculture, showcasing their potential for applications such as targeted drug delivery, injury recovery, and even environmental engineering solutions. By analyzing current research trends and highlighting potential future directions, this review aims to underscore the transformative impact that radiation-induced hydrogels could have on various industries and the advancement of biomedical and agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Shahriar Ahmed
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.S.A.); (K.-W.N.)
| | - Mobinul Islam
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.S.A.); (K.-W.N.)
| | - Md. Kamrul Hasan
- Department of Advanced Battery Convergence Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Wan Nam
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea; (M.S.A.); (K.-W.N.)
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3
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El-Nablaway M, Rashed F, Taher ES, Atia GA, Foda T, Mohammed NA, Abdeen A, Abdo M, Hînda I, Imbrea AM, Taymour N, Ibrahim AM, Atwa AM, Ibrahim SF, Ramadan MM, Dinu S. Bioactive injectable mucoadhesive thermosensitive natural polymeric hydrogels for oral bone and periodontal regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1384326. [PMID: 38863491 PMCID: PMC11166210 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1384326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is an inflammation-related condition, caused by an infectious microbiome and host defense that causes damage to periodontium. The natural processes of the mouth, like saliva production and eating, significantly diminish therapeutic medication residency in the region of periodontal disease. Furthermore, the complexity and diversity of pathological mechanisms make successful periodontitis treatment challenging. As a result, developing enhanced local drug delivery technologies and logical therapy procedures provides the foundation for effective periodontitis treatment. Being biocompatible, biodegradable, and easily administered to the periodontal tissues, hydrogels have sparked substantial an intense curiosity in the discipline of periodontal therapy. The primary objective of hydrogel research has changed in recent years to intelligent thermosensitive hydrogels, that involve local adjustable sol-gel transformations and regulate medication release in reaction to temperature, we present a thorough introduction to the creation and efficient construction of new intelligent thermosensitive hydrogels for periodontal regeneration. We also address cutting-edge smart hydrogel treatment options based on periodontitis pathophysiology. Furthermore, the problems and prospective study objectives are reviewed, with a focus on establishing effective hydrogel delivery methods and prospective clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad El-Nablaway
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatema Rashed
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ehab S. Taher
- Department of Basic Medical and Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Gamal A. Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Tarek Foda
- Oral Health Sciences Department, Temple University’s Kornberg School of Dentistry, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nourelhuda A. Mohammed
- Physiology and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Al Karak, Jordan
| | - Ahmed Abdeen
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Toukh, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Abdo
- Department of Animal Histology and Anatomy, School of Veterinary Medicine, Badr University in Cairo (BUC), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ioana Hînda
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Life Sciences “King Michael I” from Timișoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Imbrea
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioengineering of Animal Resources, University of Life Sciences “King Mihai I” from Timisoara, Timișoara, Romania
| | - Noha Taymour
- Department of Substitutive Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ateya M. Ibrahim
- Department of Administration and Nursing Education, College of Nursing, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Family and Community Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing, Port-Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Atwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samah F. Ibrahim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud M. Ramadan
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Stefania Dinu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
- Pediatric Dentistry Research Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania
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4
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Ruan H, Bek M, Pandit S, Aulova A, Zhang J, Bjellheim P, Lovmar M, Mijakovic I, Kádár R. Biomimetic Antibacterial Gelatin Hydrogels with Multifunctional Properties for Biomedical Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54249-54265. [PMID: 37975260 PMCID: PMC10694820 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A facile novel approach of introducing dopamine and [2-(methacryloyloxy) ethyl] dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide via dopamine-triggered in situ synthesis into gelatin hydrogels in the presence of ZnSO4 is presented in this study. Remarkably, the resulting hydrogels showed 99.99 and 100% antibacterial efficiency against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, respectively, making them the highest performing surfaces in their class. Furthermore, the hydrogels showed adhesive properties, self-healing ability, antifreeze properties, electrical conductivity, fatigue resistance, and mechanical stability from -100 to 80 °C. The added multifunctional performance overcomes several disadvantages of gelatin-based hydrogels such as poor mechanical properties and limited thermostability. Overall, the newly developed hydrogels show significant potential for numerous biomedical applications, such as wearable monitoring sensors and antibacterial coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengzhi Ruan
- Department
of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Marko Bek
- Department
of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Santosh Pandit
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Alexandra Aulova
- Department
of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Martin Lovmar
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- Welspect
AB, 431 21 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Department
of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
- The
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Roland Kádár
- Department
of Industrial and Materials Science, Chalmers
University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden
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5
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Takinami PYI, del Mastro NL, Ashfaq A, Al-Sheikhly M. Ionizing Radiation Synthesis of Hydrogel Nanoparticles of Gelatin and Polyethylene Glycol at High Temperature. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4128. [PMID: 37896372 PMCID: PMC10610368 DOI: 10.3390/polym15204128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanohydrogel particles of polyethylene glycol (PEG), gelatin (GEL), and PEG-GEL mixtures (MIXs) were synthesized with a high electron beam and 60Co gamma-ray radiation. The relatively novel technique of Asymmetrical Flow Field Flow Fractionation (AF4 or AFFFF) coupled to a Multi-Angle Laser Light Scattering (MALLS) detector was mainly used to determine the hydrodynamic diameter (Dh) of the radiation-synthesized PEG, GEL, and PEG-GEL nanohydrogel particles. Our approach to achieving nanohydrogel particles is to enhance the intracrosslinking reactions and decrease the intercrosslinking reactions of the C-centered radicals of the PEG and GEL. The intracrosslinking reactions of these free radicals were enhanced via irradiation at temperatures of 77-80 °C and using a high dose rate and pulsed irradiation. The shorter average distance between the C-centered free radicals on the backbone of the thermally collapsed PEG and GEL chain, due to the destruction of hydrogen bonds, enhances the intracrosslinking reactions. It was observed that increasing the dose and dose rate decreased the Dh. DLS results lined up with AF4 measurements. This study provides researchers with a clean method to produce GEL-PEG hydrogels without the use of toxic reagents. Particle size can be tuned with dose, dose rate, and temperature as demonstrated in this work. This is ideal for medical applications as the use of ionizing radiation eliminates toxicity concerns and provides simultaneous sterilization of the material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Y. I. Takinami
- Center of Radiation Technology, Institute of Energy and Radiation Research-IPEN/CNEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo 05508-910, Brazil; (P.Y.I.T.); (N.L.d.M.)
| | - Nelida L. del Mastro
- Center of Radiation Technology, Institute of Energy and Radiation Research-IPEN/CNEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, Cidade Universitária, Sao Paulo 05508-910, Brazil; (P.Y.I.T.); (N.L.d.M.)
| | - Aiysha Ashfaq
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA;
| | - Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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6
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Khandagale P, Breitzman T, Majidi C, Dayal K. Statistical field theory for nonlinear elasticity of polymer networks with excluded volume interactions. Phys Rev E 2023; 107:064501. [PMID: 37464704 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.107.064501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Polymer networks formed by cross linking flexible polymer chains are ubiquitous in many natural and synthetic soft-matter systems. Current micromechanics models generally do not account for excluded volume interactions except, for instance, through imposing a phenomenological incompressibility constraint at the continuum scale. This work aims to examine the role of excluded volume interactions on the mechanical response. The approach is based on the framework of the self-consistent statistical field theory of polymers, which provides an efficient mesoscale approach that enables the accounting of excluded volume effects without the expense of large-scale molecular modeling. A mesoscale representative volume element is populated with multiple interacting chains, and the macroscale nonlinear elastic deformation is imposed by mapping the end-to-end vectors of the chains by this deformation. In the absence of excluded volume interactions, it recovers the closed-form results of the classical theory of rubber elasticity. With excluded volume interactions, the model is solved numerically in three dimensions using a finite element method to obtain the energy, stresses, and linearized moduli under imposed macroscale deformation. Highlights of the numerical study include: (i) the linearized Poisson's ratio is very close to the incompressible limit without a phenomenological imposition of incompressibility; (ii) despite the harmonic Gaussian chain as a starting point, there is an emergent strain-softening and strain-stiffening response that is characteristic of real polymer networks, driven by the interplay between the entropy and the excluded volume interactions; and (iii) the emergence of a deformation-sensitive localization instability at large excluded volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Khandagale
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Timothy Breitzman
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio 45433, USA
| | - Carmel Majidi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Kaushik Dayal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Center for Nonlinear Analysis, Department of Mathematical Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Pittsburgh Quantum Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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7
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Dietrich J, Enke A, Wilharm N, Konieczny R, Lotnyk A, Anders A, Mayr SG. Energetic Electron-Assisted Synthesis of Tailored Magnetite (Fe 3O 4) and Maghemite (γ-Fe 2O 3) Nanoparticles: Structure and Magnetic Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:786. [PMID: 36903665 PMCID: PMC10005483 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles with a mean size of approximately 5 nm were synthesized by irradiating micro-emulsions containing iron salts with energetic electrons. The properties of the nanoparticles were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, selective area diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry. It was found that formation of superparamagnetic nanoparticles begins at a dose of 50 kGy, though these particles show low crystallinity, and a higher portion is amorphous. With increasing doses, an increasing crystallinity and yield could be observed, which is reflected in an increasing saturation magnetization. The blocking temperature and effective anisotropy constant were determined via zero-field cooling and field cooling measurements. The particles tend to form clusters with a size of 34 nm to 73 nm. Magnetite/maghemite nanoparticles could be identified via selective area electron diffraction patterns. Additionally, goethite nanowires could be observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Dietrich
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Alexius Enke
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nils Wilharm
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Konieczny
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Andriy Lotnyk
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - André Anders
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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8
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Blažic R, Marušić K, Vidović E. Swelling and Viscoelastic Properties of Cellulose-Based Hydrogels Prepared by Free Radical Polymerization of Dimethylaminoethyl Methacrylate in Cellulose Solution. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020094. [PMID: 36826264 PMCID: PMC9956197 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The grafting of a stimuli-responsive polymer (poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate)) onto cellulose was achieved by performing free radical polymerization of a vinyl/divinyl monomer in cellulose solution. The grafting and crosslinking efficiency in the material have been increased by subsequent irradiation of the samples with ionizing radiation (doses of 10, 30, or 100 kGy). The relative amount of poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) in the prepared hydrogels was determined by infrared spectroscopy. The swelling behavior of the hydrogels was studied thoroughly, including microgelation extent, equilibrium swelling, and reswelling degree, as well as the dependence on the gelation procedure. The dynamic viscoelastic behavior of prepared hydrogels was also studied. The tan δ values indicate a solid-like behavior while the obtained hydrogels have a complex modulus in the range of 14-39 kPa, which is suitable for hydrogels used in biomedical applications. In addition, the incorporation of Ag particles and the adsorption of Fe3+ ions were tested to evaluate the additional functionalities of the prepared hydrogels. It was found that the introduction of PDMAEMA to the hydrogels enhanced their ability to synthesize Ag particles and absorb Fe3+ ions, providing a platform for the potential preparation of hydrogels for the treatment of wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roko Blažic
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Katarina Marušić
- Radiation Chemistry and Dosimetry Laboratory, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Elvira Vidović
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- Correspondence:
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9
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Şener Raman T, Kuehnert M, Daikos O, Scherzer T, Krömmelbein C, Mayr SG, Abel B, Schulze A. A study on the material properties of novel PEGDA/gelatin hybrid hydrogels polymerized by electron beam irradiation. Front Chem 2023; 10:1094981. [PMID: 36700077 PMCID: PMC9868307 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.1094981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-based hydrogels are highly desirable biomaterials for use in wound dressing, drug delivery, and extracellular matrix components due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, insufficient and uncontrollable mechanical properties and degradation are the major obstacles to their application in medical materials. Herein, we present a simple but efficient strategy for a novel hydrogel by incorporating the synthetic hydrogel monomer polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA, offering high mechanical stability) into a biological hydrogel compound (gelatin) to provide stable mechanical properties and biocompatibility at the resulting hybrid hydrogel. In the present work, PEGDA/gelatin hybrid hydrogels were prepared by electron irradiation as a reagent-free crosslinking technology and without using chemical crosslinkers, which carry the risk of releasing toxic byproducts into the material. The viscoelasticity, swelling behavior, thermal stability, and molecular structure of synthesized hybrid hydrogels of different compound ratios and irradiation doses were investigated. Compared with the pure gelatin hydrogel, 21/9 wt./wt. % PEGDA/gelatin hydrogels at 6 kGy exhibited approximately up to 1078% higher storage modulus than a pure gelatin hydrogel, and furthermore, it turned out that the mechanical stability increased with increasing irradiation dose. The chemical structure of the hybrid hydrogels was analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and it was confirmed that both compounds, PEGDA and gelatin, were equally present. Scanning electron microscopy images of the samples showed fracture patterns that confirmed the findings of viscoelasticity increasing with gelatin concentration. Infrared microspectroscopy images showed that gelatin and PEGDA polymer fractions were homogeneously mixed and a uniform hybrid material was obtained after electron beam synthesis. In short, this study demonstrates that both the presence of PEGDA improved the material properties of PEGDA/gelatin hybrid hydrogels and the resulting properties are fine-tuned by varying the irradiation dose and PEGDA/gelatin concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olesya Daikos
- Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Tom Scherzer
- Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Bernd Abel
- Wilhelm-Ostwald-Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Technology of the University Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Agnes Schulze
- Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany,*Correspondence: Agnes Schulze,
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10
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Krömmelbein C, Xie X, Seifert J, Konieczny R, Friebe S, Käs J, Riedel S, Mayr SG. Electron beam treated injectable agarose/alginate beads prepared by electrospraying. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 298:120024. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Escutia-Guadarrama L, Morales D, Pérez-Calixto D, Burillo G. Development of Polyphenol-Functionalized Gelatin-Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) IPN for Potential Biomedical Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:4705. [PMID: 36365697 PMCID: PMC9655966 DOI: 10.3390/polym14214705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Owing to their suitable physical and chemical properties, hydrogels have been considered a convenient choice for wound dressings because of the advantages that they offer, such as maintaining the moist environment required for wound healing. In this research, interpenetrating hydrogels of polyphenol-functionalized gelatin (GE), a water-soluble protein derived from natural polymer collagen with excellent biocompatibility, no immunogenicity, and hydrophilicity, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a hydrophilic, non-toxic, biodegradable, biocompatible polymer that is soluble in many solvents, widely used in biomedical applications, particularly as a basic material for the manufacturing of hydrogel wound dressings, were synthesized. Gallic acid (GA) was selected in this work to study whether the interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) synthesized can provide antioxidant properties given that this material is intended to be used as a potential wound dressing. The obtained IPN hydrogels showed improved mechanical properties in comparison with pristine gelatin network (net-GE), a porous structure, and good thermal stability for biological applications. The antioxidant capacity of the IPNs functionalized with GA was compared to Trolox standards, obtaining a radical scavenging activity (RSA%) equivalent to a Trolox concentration of 400 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Escutia-Guadarrama
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - David Morales
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
| | - Daniel Pérez-Calixto
- Subdirección de Genómica Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de Mexico 14610, Mexico
| | - Guillermina Burillo
- Departamento de Química de Radiaciones y Radioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico
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12
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Liu HW, Su WT, Liu CY, Huang CC. Highly Organized Porous Gelatin-Based Scaffold by Microfluidic 3D-Foaming Technology and Dynamic Culture for Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158449. [PMID: 35955581 PMCID: PMC9369316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A gelatin-based hydrogel scaffold with highly uniform pore size and biocompatibility was fabricated for cartilage tissue engineering using microfluidic 3D-foaming technology. Mainly, bubbles with different diameters, such as 100 μm and 160 μm, were produced by introducing an optimized nitrogen gas and gelatin solution at an optimized flow rate, and N2/gelatin bubbles were formed. Furthermore, a cross-linking agent (1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl)-carbodiimide, EDC) was employed for the cross-linking reaction of the gelatin-based hydrogel scaffold with uniform bubbles, and then the interface between the close cells were broken by degassing. The pore uniformity of the gelatin-based hydrogel scaffolds was confirmed by use of a bright field microscope, conjugate focus microscope and scanning electron microscope. The in vitro degradation rate, mechanical properties, and swelling rate of gelatin-based hydrogel scaffolds with highly uniform pore size were studied. Rabbit knee cartilage was cultured, and its extracellular matrix content was analyzed. Histological analysis and immunofluorescence staining were employed to confirm the activity of the rabbit knee chondrocytes. The chondrocytes were seeded into the resulting 3D porous gelatin-based hydrogel scaffolds. The growth conditions of the chondrocyte culture on the resulting 3D porous gelatin-based hydrogel scaffolds were evaluated by MTT analysis, live/dead cell activity analysis, and extracellular matrix content analysis. Additionally, a dynamic culture of cartilage tissue was performed, and the expression of cartilage-specific proteins within the culture time was studied by immunofluorescence staining analysis. The gelatin-based hydrogel scaffold encouraged chondrocyte proliferation, promoting the expression of collagen type II, aggrecan, and sox9 while retaining the structural stability and durability of the cartilage after dynamic compression and promoting cartilage repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsia-Wei Liu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (H.-W.L.); (C.-Y.L.)
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Engineering, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ta Su
- Graduate Institute of Biochemical and Biomedical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106344, Taiwan;
| | - Ching-Yi Liu
- Department of Life Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242062, Taiwan; (H.-W.L.); (C.-Y.L.)
| | - Ching-Cheng Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ming-Chuan University, Taoyuan 333321, Taiwan
- PARSD Biomedical Material Research Center, Taichung 407428, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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13
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Davoodi E, Montazerian H, Zhianmanesh M, Abbasgholizadeh R, Haghniaz R, Baydia A, Pourmohammadali H, Annabi N, Weiss PS, Toyserkani E, Khademhosseini A. Template-Enabled Biofabrication of Thick 3D Tissues with Patterned Perfusable Macrochannels. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2102123. [PMID: 34967148 PMCID: PMC8986588 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202102123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Interconnected pathways in 3D bioartificial organs are essential to retaining cell activity in thick functional 3D tissues. 3D bioprinting methods have been widely explored in biofabrication of functionally patterned tissues; however, these methods are costly and confined to thin tissue layers due to poor control of low-viscosity bioinks. Here, cell-laden hydrogels that could be precisely patterned via water-soluble gelatin templates are constructed by economical extrusion 3D printed plastic templates. Tortuous co-continuous plastic networks, designed based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS), serve as a sacrificial pattern to shape the secondary sacrificial gelatin templates. These templates are eventually used to form cell-encapsulated gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel scaffolds patterned with the complex interconnected pathways. The proposed fabrication process is compatible with photo-crosslinkable hydrogels wherein prepolymer casting enables incorporation of high cell populations with high viability. The cell-laden hydrogel constructs are characterized by robust mechanical behavior. In vivo studies demonstrate a superior cell ingrowth into the highly permeable constructs compared to the bulk hydrogels. Perfusable complex interconnected networks within cell-encapsulated hydrogels may assist in engineering thick and functional tissue constructs through the permeable internal channels for efficient cellular activities in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Davoodi
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States
| | - Hossein Montazerian
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States
| | - Masoud Zhianmanesh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Reza Abbasgholizadeh
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States
| | - Reihaneh Haghniaz
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States
| | - Avijit Baydia
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Homeyra Pourmohammadali
- Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Nasim Annabi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ehsan Toyserkani
- Multi-Scale Additive Manufacturing Laboratory, Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Department, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States
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14
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Zhao S, Chen Z, Dong Y, Lu W, Zhu D. The Preparation and Properties of Composite Hydrogels Based on Gelatin and (3-Aminopropyl) Trimethoxysilane Grafted Cellulose Nanocrystals Covalently Linked with Microbial Transglutaminase. Gels 2022; 8:146. [PMID: 35323259 PMCID: PMC8952363 DOI: 10.3390/gels8030146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanically enhanced gelatin-based composite hydrogels were developed in the presence of functionalized cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) employing microbial transglutaminase (mTG) as a binding agent. In this work, the surfaces of CNCs were grafted with (3-Aminopropyl) trimethoxysilane with a NH2 functional group, and the success of CNCs' modification was verified by FTIR spectroscopy and XPS. The higher degree of modification in CNCs resulted in more covalent cross-linking and dispersibility within the gelatin matrix; thus, the as-prepared hydrogels showed significantly improved mechanical properties and thermo-stability, as revealed by dynamic rheological analysis, uniaxial compression tests and SEM. The biocompatibility of the obtained hydrogels was evaluated by the MTT method, and it was found that the grafted CNCs had no obvious inhibitory effect on cell proliferation. Hence, the mechanically enhanced gelatin-based hydrogels might have great potential in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Deyi Zhu
- Faculty of Light Industry, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China; (S.Z.); (Z.C.); (Y.D.); (W.L.)
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15
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Elbalasy I, Wilharm N, Herchenhahn E, Konieczny R, Mayr SG, Schnauß J. From Strain Stiffening to Softening—Rheological Characterization of Keratins 8 and 18 Networks Crosslinked via Electron Irradiation. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030614. [PMID: 35160604 PMCID: PMC8838340 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Networks of crosslinked keratin filaments are abundant in epithelial cells and tissues, providing resilience against mechanical forces and ensuring cellular integrity. Although studies of in vitro models of reconstituted keratin networks have revealed important mechanical aspects, the mechanical properties of crosslinked keratin structures remain poorly understood. Here, we exploited the power of electron beam irradiation (EBI) to crosslink in vitro networks of soft epithelial keratins 8 and 18 (k8–k18) filaments with different irradiation doses (30 kGy, 50 kGy, 80 kGy, 100 kGy, and 150 kGy). We combined bulk shear rheology with confocal microscopy to investigate the impact of crosslinking on the mechanical and structural properties of the resultant keratin gels. We found that irradiated keratin gels display higher linear elastic modulus than the unirradiated, entangled networks at all doses tested. However, at the high doses (80 kGy, 100 kGy, and 150 kGy), we observed a remarkable drop in the elastic modulus compared to 50 kGy. Intriguingly, the irradiation drastically changed the behavior for large, nonlinear deformations. While untreated keratin networks displayed a strong strain stiffening, increasing irradiation doses shifted the system to a strain softening behavior. In agreement with the rheological behavior in the linear regime, the confocal microscopy images revealed fully isotropic networks with high percolation in 30 kGy and 50 kGy-treated keratin samples, while irradiation with 100 kGy induced the formation of thick bundles and clusters. Our results demonstrate the impact of permanent crosslinking on k8–k18 mechanics and provide new insights into the potential contribution of intracellular covalent crosslinking to the loss of mechanical resilience in some human keratin diseases. These insights will also provide inspiration for the synthesis of new keratin-based biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Elbalasy
- Peter-Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
- Correspondence: (I.E.); (S.G.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Nils Wilharm
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V. (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (N.W.); (R.K.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Erik Herchenhahn
- Peter-Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Robert Konieczny
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V. (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (N.W.); (R.K.)
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz-Institut für Oberflächenmodifizierung e.V. (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (N.W.); (R.K.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (I.E.); (S.G.M.); (J.S.)
| | - Jörg Schnauß
- Peter-Debye Institute for Soft Matter Physics, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology, Perlickstraße 1, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Unconventional Computing Lab, Department of Computer Science and Creative Technologies, UWE, Bristol BS16 1QY, UK
- Correspondence: (I.E.); (S.G.M.); (J.S.)
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17
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Ullah A, Lim SI. Bioinspired tunable hydrogels: An update on methods of preparation, classification, and biomedical and therapeutic applications. Int J Pharm 2022; 612:121368. [PMID: 34896566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels exhibit water-insoluble three-dimensional polymeric networks capable of absorbing large amounts of biological fluids. Both natural and synthetic polymers are used for the preparation of hydrogel networks. Such polymeric networks are fabricated through chemical or physical mechanisms of crosslinking. Chemical crosslinking is accomplished mainly through covalent bonding, while physical crosslinking involves self-healing secondary forces like H-bonding, host-guest interactions, and antigen-antibody interactions. The building blocks of the hydrogels play an important role in determining the mechanical, biological, and physicochemical properties. Hydrogels are used in a variety of biomedical applications like diagnostics (biodetection and bioimaging), delivery of therapeutics (drugs, immunotherapeutics, and vaccines), wound dressing and skin materials, cardiac complications, contact lenses, tissue engineering, and cell culture because of the inherent characteristics like enhanced water uptake and structural similarity with the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review highlights the recent trends and advances in the roles of hydrogels in biomedical and therapeutic applications. We also discuss the classification and methods of hydrogels preparation. A brief outlook on the future directions of hydrogels is also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Ullah
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; Gomal Centre of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Sung In Lim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Gelli R, Mugnaini G, Bolognesi T, Bonini M. Cross-linked Porous Gelatin Microparticles with Tunable Shape, Size, and Porosity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12781-12789. [PMID: 34706538 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Gelatin particles are relevant to many applications in the biomedical field due to their excellent biocompatibility and versatility. When prepared by double emulsion methods, porous microparticles with different architectures can be obtained. Controlling the shape, size, porosity, swelling, and stability against dissolution is fundamental toward their application under physiological conditions. We prepared porous gelatin microparticles from oil-in-water-in-oil emulsions, modifying the gelatin/surfactant ratio and the stirring speed. The effect on structural properties, including surface and inner porosities, was thoroughly assessed by multiple microscopy techniques (optical, electron, and confocal Raman). Selected samples were cross-linked with glutaraldehyde or glyceraldehyde, and their swelling properties and stability against dissolution were evaluated, while the influence of the cross-linking at the nanoscale was studied by scattering of X-rays. Depending on the preparation protocol, we obtained particles with different shapes (irregular or spherical), radii within ∼40 to 90 μm, and porosities up to 10 μm. The cross-linking extends the stability in water from a few minutes up to several days while the swelling ability and the mesh size at the nanoscale of the gelatin network are preserved. The analysis of the experimental results as a function of the preparation parameters demonstrates that microparticles with tunable features can be designed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Gelli
- CSGI & Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Giulia Mugnaini
- CSGI & Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Tessa Bolognesi
- CSGI & Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
| | - Massimo Bonini
- CSGI & Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy
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19
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Riedel S, Ward D, Kudláčková R, Mazur K, Bačáková L, Kerns JG, Allinson SL, Ashton L, Koniezcny R, Mayr SG, Douglas TEL. Electron Beam-Treated Enzymatically Mineralized Gelatin Hydrogels for Bone Tissue Engineering. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:jfb12040057. [PMID: 34698221 PMCID: PMC8544455 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12040057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological hydrogels are highly promising materials for bone tissue engineering (BTE) due to their high biocompatibility and biomimetic characteristics. However, for advanced and customized BTE, precise tools for material stabilization and tuning material properties are desired while optimal mineralisation must be ensured. Therefore, reagent-free crosslinking techniques such as high energy electron beam treatment promise effective material modifications without formation of cytotoxic by-products. In the case of the hydrogel gelatin, electron beam crosslinking further induces thermal stability enabling biomedical application at physiological temperatures. In the case of enzymatic mineralisation, induced by Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and mediated by Calcium Glycerophosphate (CaGP), it is necessary to investigate if electron beam treatment before mineralisation has an influence on the enzymatic activity and thus affects the mineralisation process. The presented study investigates electron beam-treated gelatin hydrogels with previously incorporated ALP and successive mineralisation via incubation in a medium containing CaGP. It could be shown that electron beam treatment optimally maintains enzymatic activity of ALP which allows mineralisation. Furthermore, the precise tuning of material properties such as increasing compressive modulus is possible. This study characterizes the mineralised hydrogels in terms of mineral formation and demonstrates the formation of CaP in dependence of ALP concentration and electron dose. Furthermore, investigations of uniaxial compression stability indicate increased compression moduli for mineralised electron beam-treated gelatin hydrogels. In summary, electron beam-treated mineralized gelatin hydrogels reveal good cytocompatibility for MG-63 osteoblast like cells indicating a high potential for BTE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Riedel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (T.E.L.D.)
| | - Daniel Ward
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences (BLS), Faculty of Health and Medicine, Furness College, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (D.W.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Radmila Kudláčková
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Karolina Mazur
- Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Engineering, Tadeusz Kosciuszko Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Lucie Bačáková
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, 142 00 Prague, Czech Republic; (R.K.); (L.B.)
| | - Jemma G. Kerns
- Lancaster Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medicine, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK;
| | - Sarah L. Allinson
- Division of Biomedical and Life Sciences (BLS), Faculty of Health and Medicine, Furness College, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YG, UK; (D.W.); (S.L.A.)
| | - Lorna Ashton
- Chemistry Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK;
| | - Robert Koniezcny
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; (R.K.); (S.G.M.)
- Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Timothy E. L. Douglas
- Engineering Department, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Materials Science Institute (MSI), Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK
- Correspondence: (S.R.); (T.E.L.D.)
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20
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Xie L, Yue W, Ibrahim K, Shen J. A Long-Acting Curcumin Nanoparticle/In Situ Hydrogel Composite for the Treatment of Uveal Melanoma. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091335. [PMID: 34575410 PMCID: PMC8467666 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular tumor in adults with high mortality. In order to improve prognosis and survival of UM patients, it is critical to inhibit tumor progression and metastasis as early as possible after the initial presentation/diagnosis of the disease. Sustained local delivery of antitumor therapeutics in the posterior region can potentially achieve long-term UM inhibition, improve target therapeutic delivery to the posterior segments, as well as reduce injection frequency and hence improved patient compliance. To address the highly unmet medical need in UM therapy, a bioinspired in situ gelling hydrogel system composed of naturally occurring biopolymers collagen and hyaluronic acid was developed in the present research. Curcumin with anti-cancer progression, anti-metastasis effects, and good ocular safety was chosen as the model therapeutic. The developed in situ gelling delivery system gelled at 37 °C within two minutes and demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and slow degradation. The curcumin-loaded nanoparticle/hydrogel composite was able to sustain release payload for up to four weeks. The optimized nanoparticle/hydrogel composite showed effective inhibition of human UM cell proliferation. This novel nanoparticle/in situ hydrogel composite demonstrated a great potential for the treatment of the rare and devastating intraocular cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Xie
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (L.X.); (W.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Weizhou Yue
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (L.X.); (W.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Khaled Ibrahim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (L.X.); (W.Y.); (K.I.)
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA; (L.X.); (W.Y.); (K.I.)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-401-874-5594
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21
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Ehrmann A. Non-Toxic Crosslinking of Electrospun Gelatin Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering and Biomedicine-A Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1973. [PMID: 34203958 PMCID: PMC8232702 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrospinning can be used to prepare nanofiber mats from diverse polymers, polymer blends, or polymers doped with other materials. Amongst this broad range of usable materials, biopolymers play an important role in biotechnological, biomedical, and other applications. However, several of them are water-soluble, necessitating a crosslinking step after electrospinning. While crosslinking with glutaraldehyde or other toxic chemicals is regularly reported in the literature, here, we concentrate on methods applying non-toxic or low-toxic chemicals, and enzymatic as well as physical methods. Making gelatin nanofibers non-water soluble by electrospinning them from a blend with non-water soluble polymers is another method described here. These possibilities are described together with the resulting physical properties, such as swelling behavior, mechanical strength, nanofiber morphology, or cell growth and proliferation on the crosslinked nanofiber mats. For most of these non-toxic crosslinking methods, the degree of crosslinking was found to be lower than for crosslinking with glutaraldehyde and other common toxic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ehrmann
- Working Group Textile Technologies, Faculty of Engineering and Mathematics, Bielefeld University of Applied Sciences, 33619 Bielefeld, Germany
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22
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Salahuddin B, Wang S, Sangian D, Aziz S, Gu Q. Hybrid Gelatin Hydrogels in Nanomedicine Applications. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2886-2906. [PMID: 35014383 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gelatin based hydrogels are often incorporated with supporting materials such as chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol), alginate, carbon nanotubes, and hyaluronic acid. These hybrid materials are specifically of interest in diversified nanomedicine fields as they exhibit unique physicochemical properties, antimicrobial activity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. The applications include drug delivery, wound healing, cell culture, and tissue engineering. This paper reviews the various up-to-date methods to fabricate gelatin-based hydrogels, including UV photo-cross-linking, electrospinning, and 3D bioprinting. This paper also includes physical, chemical, mechanical, and biocompatibility characterization studies of several hybrid gelatin hydrogels and discusses their relevance in nanomedicine based applications. Challenges associated with the fabrication of hybrid materials for nanotechnology implementation, specifically in nanomedicine development, are critically discussed, and some future recommendations are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bidita Salahuddin
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science and Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
| | - Danial Sangian
- Mechatronic Systems Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Transport Systems, Technical University of Berlin, Hardenbergstrasse 36, D-10623, Berlin, Germany
| | - Shazed Aziz
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Don Nicklin Building (74), St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Qi Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China.,Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, P. R. China
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23
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Raza MA, Lim YM, Lee SW, Seralathan KK, Park SH. Synthesis and characterization of hydrogels based on carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) blends prepared by electron beam irradiation having anticancer efficacy, and applications as drug carrier for controlled release of drug. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 258:117718. [PMID: 33593580 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Herein, carboxymethyl chitosan and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) based hydrogels were synthesized by electron beam irradiation with dose variations (15 kGy, 30 kGy, and 45 kGy) for drug delivery applications. Irradiation crosslinked hydrogels were characterized for swellings in different medias, chemical, thermal, cell cytotoxicity, and drug release aspects. Swelling analysis was evaluated in distilled water, buffer, and saline solutions. Fourier transform infrared analysis revealed the establishment of physical interactions and confirmed the presence of functional groups present in the drug carriers. Scanning electron microscopy depicted the porous structure, which is responsible for swelling, drug loading, and release. Cell cytotoxicity assays indicated good cell viability on RAW 264.7 cells and anticancer activity on cancerous AGS cell lines. Cumulative drug release (%) of kanamycin in PBS at pH 7.4 was more than 90 % at 168 h. These drug carriers show promise to be developed as a sustained drug delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asim Raza
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea; Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn-Mook Lim
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Won Lee
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Kamala-Kannan Seralathan
- Division of Biotechnology, Advanced Institute of Environment and Bioscience, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, 54596, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hyun Park
- Advanced Radiation Technology Institute (ARTI), Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Jeonbuk, 56212, Republic of Korea; Radiation Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Abstract
Hydrogels are polymeric networks highly swollen with water. Because of their versatility and properties mimicking biological tissues, they are very interesting for biomedical applications. In this aim, the control of porosity is of crucial importance since it governs the transport properties and influences the fate of cells cultured onto or into the hydrogels. Among the techniques allowing for the elaboration of hydrogels, photopolymerization or photo-cross-linking are probably the most powerful and versatile synthetic routes. This Review aims at giving an overview of the literature dealing with photopolymerized hydrogels for which the generation or characterization of porosity is studied. First, the materials (polymers and photoinitiating systems) used for synthesizing hydrogels are presented. The different ways for generating porosity in the photopolymerized hydrogels are explained, and the characterization techniques allowing adequate study of the porosity are presented. Finally, some applications in the field of controlled release and tissue engineering are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwan Nicol
- Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans (IMMM), UMR 6283 CNRS Le Mans Université, Avenue Olivier Messiaen, 72085 Cedex 9 Le Mans, France
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25
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Krömmelbein C, Mütze M, Konieczny R, Schönherr N, Griebel J, Gerdes W, Mayr SG, Riedel S. Impact of high-energy electron irradiation on mechanical, structural and chemical properties of agarose hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 263:117970. [PMID: 33858571 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.117970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, natural hydrogels are highly demanded biomaterials for biomedical applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, drug delivery or three dimensional cell culture. Highly energetic electron irradiation up to 10 MeV is a powerful and fast tool to sterilize and tailor the material's properties. In this study, electron radiation treatment of agarose hydrogels was investigated to evaluate radiation effects on physical, structural and chemical properties. The viscoelastic behavior, surface hydrophilicity and swelling behavior in a range of typical sterilization doses of 0 kGy to 30 kGy was analyzed. The mechanical properties were determined by rheology measurements and decreased by more than 20% compared to the initial moduli. The number average molecular weight between crosslinks was estimated based on rubber elasticity theory to judge on the radiation degradation. In this dose range, the number average molecular weight between crosslinks increased by more than 6%. Chemical structure was investigated by FTIR spectroscopy to evaluate the radiation resistance of agarose hydrogels. With increasing electron dose, an increasing amount of carbonyl containing species was observed. In addition, irradiation was accompanied by formation of gas cavities in the hydrogels. The gas products were specified for CO2, CO and H2O. Based on the radiolytic products, a radiolysis mechanism was proposed. Electron beam treatment under high pressure conditions was found to reduce gas cavity formation in the hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Krömmelbein
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Martin Mütze
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Konieczny
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nadja Schönherr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Griebel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | | | - Stefan G Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Stefanie Riedel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany; Division of Surface Physics, Faculty of Physics and Earth Science, Leipzig University, Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany; Cell.Copedia GmbH, Bosestraße 4, 04109 Leipzig, Germany.
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26
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Micro- to Nanoscale Bio-Hybrid Hydrogels Engineered by Ionizing Radiation. Biomolecules 2020; 11:biom11010047. [PMID: 33396401 PMCID: PMC7824687 DOI: 10.3390/biom11010047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bio-hybrid hydrogels consist of a water-swollen hydrophilic polymer network encapsulating or conjugating single biomolecules, or larger and more complex biological constructs like whole cells. By modulating at least one dimension of the hydrogel system at the micro- or nanoscale, the activity of the biological component can be extremely upgraded with clear advantages for the development of therapeutic or diagnostic micro- and nano-devices. Gamma or e-beam irradiation of polymers allow a good control of the chemistry at the micro-/nanoscale with minimal recourse to toxic reactants and solvents. Another potential advantage is to obtain simultaneous sterilization when the absorbed doses are within the sterilization dose range. This short review will highlight opportunities and challenges of the radiation technologies to produce bio-hybrid nanogels as delivery devices of therapeutic biomolecules to the target cells, tissues, and organs, and to create hydrogel patterns at the nano-length and micro-length scales on surfaces.
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27
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Dehghan-Niri M, Vasheghani-Farahani E, Baghaban Eslaminejad M, Tavakol M, Bagheri F. Physicomechanical, rheological and in vitro cytocompatibility properties of the electron beam irradiated blend hydrogels of tyramine conjugated gum tragacanth and poly (vinyl alcohol). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 114:111073. [PMID: 32994011 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, preparation of blend hydrogels of tyramine conjugated gum tragacanth and poly (vinyl alcohol) was carried out by electron beam irradiation, and modification of hydrogel properties with poly (vinyl alcohol) was demonstrated. Gel content, swelling behavior, pore size and mechanical and rheological properties of hydrogels prepared at 14, 28 and 56 kilogray (kGy) with different ratios of polymers were investigated. Gel content increased from 67 ± 2% for pure tyramine conjugated gum tragacanth hydrogel to >92% for blend hydrogels. However, the corresponding equilibrium swelling degree decreased from 35.21 ± 1.51 to 9.14 ± 1.66 due to the higher crosslink density of blend hydrogel. The mechanical strength of the hydrogels with interconnected pores increased significantly in the presence of poly (vinyl alcohol) and increasing irradiation dose up to 28 kGy with a twenty-fold enhancement of stress fracture and excellent elastic recovery in cyclic compression analysis. The equilibrium swelling degree of blend hydrogel containing 3% w/v tyramine conjugated gum tragacanth and 2% w/v poly (vinyl alcohol) prepared at 28 kGy was 16.59 ± 0.81. The biocompatibility of hydrogels was tested in the presence of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The viability of cells exposed to hydrogel extract was >92% after 7 days of culture and indicated hydrogel biocompatibility with potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Dehghan-Niri
- Biomedical Engineering Division, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Sciences Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Moslem Tavakol
- Department of Chemical & Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bagheri
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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28
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Young AT, White OC, Daniele MA. Rheological Properties of Coordinated Physical Gelation and Chemical Crosslinking in Gelatin Methacryloyl (GelMA) Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000183. [PMID: 32856384 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Synthetically modified proteins, such as gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA), are growing in popularity for bioprinting and biofabrication. GelMA is a photocurable macromer that can rapidly form hydrogels, while also presenting bioactive peptide sequences for cellular adhesion and proliferation. The mechanical properties of GelMA are highly tunable by modifying the degree of substitution via synthesis conditions, though the effects of source material and thermal gelation have not been comprehensively characterized for lower concentration gels. Herein, the effects of animal source and processing sequence are investigated on scaffold mechanical properties. Hydrogels of 4-6 wt% are characterized. Depending on the temperature at crosslinking, the storage moduli for GelMA derived from pigs, cows, and cold-water fish range from 723 to 7340 Pa, 516 to 3484 Pa, and 294 to 464 Pa, respectively. The maximum storage moduli are achieved only by coordinated physical gelation and chemical crosslinking. In this method, the classic thermo-reversible gelation of gelatin occurs when GelMA is cooled below a thermal transition temperature, which is subsequently "locked in" by chemical crosslinking via photocuring. The effects of coordinated physical gelation and chemical crosslinking are demonstrated by precise photopatterning of cell-laden microstructures, inducing different cellular behavior depending on the selected mechanical properties of GelMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashlyn T Young
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Olivia C White
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA.,Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, 890 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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29
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Singhal A, Sinha N, Kumari P, Purkayastha M. Synthesis and Applications of Hydrogels in Cancer Therapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2020; 20:1431-1446. [PMID: 31958041 DOI: 10.2174/1871521409666200120094048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are water-insoluble, hydrophilic, cross-linked, three-dimensional networks of polymer chains having the ability to swell and absorb water but do not dissolve in it, that comprise the major difference between gels and hydrogels. The mechanical strength, physical integrity and solubility are offered by the crosslinks. The different applications of hydrogels can be derived based on the methods of their synthesis, response to different stimuli, and their different kinds. Hydrogels are highly biocompatible and have properties similar to human tissues that make it suitable to be used in various biomedical applications, including drug delivery and tissue engineering. The role of hydrogels in cancer therapy is highly emerging in recent years. In the present review, we highlighted different methods of synthesis of hydrogels and their classification based on different parameters. Distinctive applications of hydrogels in the treatment of cancer are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anchal Singhal
- Department of Chemistry, St. Joseph's College (Autonomous), Bangalore-560027, India
| | - Niharika Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Gautam Buddha University, Noida, India
| | - Pratibha Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Deshbandhu College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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30
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Mizuno Y, Taguchi T. A hydrophobic gelatin fiber sheet promotes secretion of endogenous vascular endothelial growth factor and stimulates angiogenesis. RSC Adv 2020; 10:24800-24807. [PMID: 35517459 PMCID: PMC9055140 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra03593a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, the formation of vascular beds is an effective method to supply oxygen and nutrients to implanted cells or tissues to improve their survival and promote normal cellular functions. Various types of angiogenic materials have been developed by incorporating growth factors, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, in biocompatible materials. However, these exogenous growth factors suffer from instability and inactivation under physiological conditions. In this study, we designed a novel angiogenic electrospun fiber sheet (C16-FS) composed of Alaska pollock-derived gelatin (ApGltn) modified with hexadecyl (C16) groups to induce localized and sustained angiogenesis without growth factors. C16-FS was thermally crosslinked to enhance its stability. We demonstrated that C16-FS swells in phosphate-buffered saline for over 24 h and resists degradation. Laser doppler perfusion imaging showed that C16-FS induced increased blood perfusion when implanted subcutaneously in rats compared with unmodified ApGltn-fiber sheets (Org-FS) and the sham control. Furthermore, angiogenesis was sustained for up to 7 days following implantation. Immunohistochemical studies revealed elevated nuclear factor-κB and CD31 levels around the C16-FS implantation site compared with the Org-FS implantation site and the control incision site. These results demonstrate that C16-FS is a promising angiogenic material to promote the formation of vascular beds for cell and tissue transplantation without the need for growth factors. In vivo long-term growth factor-free angiogenesis by LPS-mimicking C16-modified gelatin based electrospun fiber sheet.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Mizuno
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- University of Tsukuba
- Tsukuba
- Japan
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field
| | - Tetsushi Taguchi
- Graduate School of Science and Technology
- University of Tsukuba
- Tsukuba
- Japan
- Polymers and Biomaterials Field
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31
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He H, Sofman M, Wang AJS, Ahrens CC, Wang W, Griffith LG, Hammond PT. Engineering Helical Modular Polypeptide-Based Hydrogels as Synthetic Extracellular Matrices for Cell Culture. Biomacromolecules 2019; 21:566-580. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b01297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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32
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Campiglio CE, Contessi Negrini N, Farè S, Draghi L. Cross-Linking Strategies for Electrospun Gelatin Scaffolds. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 12:E2476. [PMID: 31382665 PMCID: PMC6695673 DOI: 10.3390/ma12152476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Electrospinning is an exceptional technology to fabricate sub-micrometric fiber scaffolds for regenerative medicine applications and to mimic the morphology and the chemistry of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). Although most synthetic and natural polymers can be electrospun, gelatin frequently represents a material of choice due to the presence of cell-interactive motifs, its wide availability, low cost, easy processability, and biodegradability. However, cross-linking is required to stabilize the structure of the electrospun matrices and avoid gelatin dissolution at body temperature. Different physical and chemical cross-linking protocols have been described to improve electrospun gelatin stability and to preserve the morphological fibrous arrangement of the electrospun gelatin scaffolds. Here, we review the main current strategies. For each method, the cross-linking mechanism and its efficiency, the influence of electrospinning parameters, and the resulting fiber morphology are considered. The main drawbacks as well as the open challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Emma Campiglio
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Contessi Negrini
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Farè
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenza Draghi
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milan, Italy.
- INSTM, National Interuniversity Consortium of Materials Science and Technology, Local Unit Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milan, Italy.
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33
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Glass S, Kühnert M, Abel B, Schulze A. Controlled Electron-Beam Synthesis of Transparent Hydrogels for Drug Delivery Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E501. [PMID: 30960485 PMCID: PMC6473313 DOI: 10.3390/polym11030501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we highlight hydrogels prepared by electron-beam polymerization. In general, the electron-beam-polymerized hydrogels showed improved mechanical and optical transmittances compared to the conventional UV-cured hydrogels. They were more elastic and had a higher crosslinking density. Additionally, they were transparent over a broader wavelength range. The dependence of the mechanical and optical properties of the hydrogels on the number of single differential and total irradiation doses was analyzed in detail. The hydrogels were prepared for usage as a drug delivery material with methylene blue as a drug model. In the first set of experiments, methylene blue was loaded reversibly after the hydrogel synthesis. Electron-beam-polymerized hydrogels incorporated twice as much methylene blue compared to the UV-polymerized gels. Furthermore, the release of the model drug was found to depend on the crosslinking degree of the hydrogels. In addition, electron-beam polymerization enabled the irreversible binding of the drug molecules if they were mixed with monomers before polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Glass
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Mathias Kühnert
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Agnes Schulze
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Permoserstraße 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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34
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Younas M, Noreen A, Sharif A, Majeed A, Hassan A, Tabasum S, Mohammadi A, Zia KM. A review on versatile applications of blends and composites of CNC with natural and synthetic polymers with mathematical modeling. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 124:591-626. [PMID: 30447361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.11.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 11/04/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose is world's most abundant, renewable and recyclable polysaccharide on earth. Cellulose is composed of both amorphous and crystalline regions. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are extracted from crystalline region of cellulose. The most attractive feature of CNC is that it can be used as nanofiller to reinforce several synthetic and natural polymers. In this article, a comprehensive overview of modification of several natural and synthetic polymers using CNCs as reinforcer in respective polymer matrix is given. The immense activities of CNCs are successfully utilized to enhance the mechanical properties and to broaden the field of application of respective polymer. All the technical scientific issues have been discussed highlighting the recent advancement in biomedical and packaging field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Younas
- Department of Mathematics, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aqdas Noreen
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Aqsa Sharif
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Majeed
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Abida Hassan
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Shazia Tabasum
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan
| | - Abbas Mohammadi
- Department of Polymer Chemistry, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Khalid Mahmood Zia
- Institute of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38030, Pakistan.
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35
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Tadsen M, Friedrich RP, Riedel S, Alexiou C, Mayr SG. Contact Guidance by Microstructured Gelatin Hydrogels for Prospective Tissue Engineering Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7450-7458. [PMID: 30633496 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b21638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Design of functionalized biomimetic scaffolds is one of the key approaches for regenerative medicine and other biomedical applications. Development of engineered tissue should optimize organization and function of cells and tissue in vitro as well as in vivo. Surface topography is one factor controlling cellular behavior and tissue development. By topographical patterning of biocompatible materials, highly functionalized scaffolds can be developed. Gelatin is hereby a promising candidate due to its biocompatibility and biodegradability. It is low in cost and easy to handle, enabling a variety of applications in science and medicine. However, for biomedical applications at physiological conditions, gelatin has to be additionally stabilized since its gel-sol-transition temperature lies beneath the human body temperature. This is realized by a reagent-free cross-linking technique utilizing electron beam treatment. By topographical patterning, gelatin can be functionalized toward scaffolds for cell cultivation and tissue development. Thereby, customized patterns are transferred onto gelatin hydrogels via molds. Thermal stabilization of gelatin is then achieved by electron-induced cross-linking. In this study, we investigate the influence of gelatin concentration and irradiation dose on pattern transfer, long-term stability of topographically patterned gelatin hydrogels, and their impact on the cellular behavior of human umbilical vein endothelial cells as well as normal human dermal fibroblasts. We will show that contact guidance occurs for both cell types due to a concrete stripe pattern. In addition, the presented studies show a high degree of cytocompatibility, indicating a high potential of topographically patterned gelatin hydrogels as tissue development scaffold for prospective biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Tadsen
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstr. 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences , Leipzig University , Linnéstr. 5 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Ralf P Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON) , Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Glückstraße 10a , 91054 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Stefanie Riedel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstr. 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences , Leipzig University , Linnéstr. 5 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON) , Universitätsklinikum Erlangen , Glückstraße 10a , 91054 Erlangen , Germany
| | - Stefan G Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) , Permoserstr. 15 , 04318 Leipzig , Germany
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences , Leipzig University , Linnéstr. 5 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany
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36
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Deuflhard M, Eberbeck D, Hietschold P, Wilharm N, Mühlberger M, Friedrich RP, Alexiou C, Mayr SG. Magnetically responsive composites: electron beam assisted magnetic nanoparticle arrest in gelatin hydrogels for bioactuation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:14654-14662. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02910a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tailored ferrogel bioactuators are feasible by arresting nanoparticles in simple gelatin gels with the help of electron beam treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Deuflhard
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Division of Surface Physics
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
| | - Dietmar Eberbeck
- Department 8.2 Biosignals
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig und Berlin
- 10587 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Philine Hietschold
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Division of Surface Physics
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
| | - Nils Wilharm
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Division of Surface Physics
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
| | - Marina Mühlberger
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON)
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - Ralf P. Friedrich
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON)
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology
- Head and Neck Surgery
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON)
- Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship
- Universitätsklinikum Erlangen
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM)
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Division of Surface Physics
- Department of Physics and Earth Sciences
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37
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Glass S, Rüdiger T, Griebel J, Abel B, Schulze A. Uptake and release of photosensitizers in a hydrogel for applications in photodynamic therapy: the impact of structural parameters on intrapolymer transport dynamics. RSC Adv 2018; 8:41624-41632. [PMID: 35559284 PMCID: PMC9092030 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08093c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study a hydrogel is presented that can be used as a carrier and release system for photosensitizers. Because of the high structural variety of photosensitizers, four different substances were analysed. Two porphyrins, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrin tetra(p-toluene-sulfonate) and sodium meso-tetraphenylporphine-4,4',4'',4'''-tetrasulfonat, eosin y and methylene blue were selected. Uptake and release of these photosensitizers were studied. All photosensitizers were taken up by the hydrogel not depending significantly on the structure of the photosensitizer, and it was possible to load the hydrogels in the μmol g-1 range. Nevertheless, size and pK a value were shown to influence the release behaviour. Finally, the singlet oxygen generation of the photosensitizer after release was demonstrated. The photosensitizer was still highly active and produced a sufficient amount of singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Glass
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Germany
| | - Tom Rüdiger
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Germany
| | - Jan Griebel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Germany
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Germany
| | - Agnes Schulze
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM) Germany
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38
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Bhutani U, Ronghe A, Majumdar S. Piperine as a Placebo: Stability of Gelatin Capsules without a Cross-Linker. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:1244-1253. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Bhutani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Anshaj Ronghe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
| | - Saptarshi Majumdar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Sangareddy, Telangana 502285, India
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39
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Wan Ishak WH, Ahmad I, Ramli S, Mohd Amin MCI. Gamma Irradiation-Assisted Synthesis of Cellulose Nanocrystal-Reinforced Gelatin Hydrogels. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E749. [PMID: 30241416 PMCID: PMC6215172 DOI: 10.3390/nano8100749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the use of gamma irradiation to prepare hydrogels comprising α-cellulose and cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-reinforced gelatin in the absence of crosslinking agents. In this study, cellulose was extracted from rice husks by an alkali and bleaching treatment followed by acid hydrolysis to produce CNC. A semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) of hydrogels was developed by the miscibility between gelatin and cellulosic materials. Compared to those prepared from α-cellulose, hydrogels prepared by dispersion of CNCs exhibited remarkably enhanced stiffness and swelling properties, which was ascribed to the uniform distribution of CNCs and their increased crystallinity. Improved pore structure, arrangement, and rigidity of CNC-reinforced gelatin hydrogels, which induced the swelling mechanism resulting in higher and faster water uptake was observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), compared to cellulose-reinforced gelatin hydrogels. Moreover, in vitro drug profiling demonstrated that CNC/gelatin hydrogels exhibit good drug loading/release behavior and are thus suitable for use in drug-delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Hafizi Wan Ishak
- Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Ishak Ahmad
- Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Suria Ramli
- Polymer Research Centre (PORCE), School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi Selangor 43600, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur 50300, Malaysia.
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40
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Glass S, Trinklein B, Abel B, Schulze A. TiO 2 as Photosensitizer and Photoinitiator for Synthesis of Photoactive TiO 2-PEGDA Hydrogel Without Organic Photoinitiator. Front Chem 2018; 6:340. [PMID: 30131954 PMCID: PMC6090817 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The replacement of potentially toxic photoinitiators is of increasing interest regarding the synthesis of biomaterials by photopolymerization. Therefore, we present a new method for the preparation of UV polymerized hydrogels with TiO2 as a photoinitiator. Titania is known to be an excellent photoactive compound which is non-toxic, inert, and cheap. The so-formed hydrogels possess excellent mechanical properties, a high swelling ratio, and high thermal stability. Furthermore, no TiO2 is released from the hydrogels. Thus, the material is highly suitable for medical applications. Additionally, the present TiO2 in the hydrogels remains photoactive as demonstrated by degradation of methylene blue. This enables the application of TiO2-hydrogels in photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agnes Schulze
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, Germany
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41
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Riedel S, Heyart B, Apel KS, Mayr SG. Programing stimuli-responsiveness of gelatin with electron beams: basic effects and development of a hydration-controlled biocompatible demonstrator. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17436. [PMID: 29234066 PMCID: PMC5727221 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17734-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic materials with programmable stimuli responsiveness constitute a highly attractive material class for building bioactuators, sensors and active control elements in future biomedical applications. With this background, we demonstrate how energetic electron beams can be utilized to construct tailored stimuli responsive actuators for biomedical applications. Composed of collagen-derived gelatin, they reveal a mechanical response to hydration and changes in pH-value and ion concentration, while maintaining their excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability. While this is explicitly demonstrated by systematic characterizing an electron-beam synthesized gelatin-based actuator of cantilever geometry, the underlying materials processes are also discussed, based on the fundamental physical and chemical principles. When applied within classical electron beam lithography systems, these findings pave the way for a novel class of highly versatile integrated bioactuators from micro- to macroscales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Riedel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, 04318, Germany.
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
| | - Benedikt Heyart
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Katharina S Apel
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, 04318, Germany
| | - Stefan G Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Engineering (IOM), Leipzig, 04318, Germany.
- Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, 04103, Germany.
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42
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Pelras T, Glass S, Scherzer T, Elsner C, Schulze A, Abel B. Transparent Low Molecular Weight Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Diacrylate-Based Hydrogels as Film Media for Photoswitchable Drugs. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E639. [PMID: 30965940 PMCID: PMC6418822 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels have shown a great potential as materials for drug delivery systems thanks to their usually excellent bio-compatibility and their ability to trap water-soluble organic molecules in a porous network. In this study, poly(ethylene glycol)-based hydrogels containing a model dye were synthesized by ultraviolet (UV-A) photopolymerization of low-molecular weight macro-monomers and the material properties (dye release ability, transparency, morphology, and polymerization kinetics) were studied. Real-time infrared measurements revealed that the photopolymerization of the materials was strongly limited when the dye was added to the uncured formulation. Consequently, the procedure was adapted to allow for the formation of sufficiently cured gels that are able to capture and later on to release dye molecules in phosphate-buffered saline solution within a few hours. Due to the transparency of the materials in the 400⁻800 nm range, the hydrogels are suitable for the loading and excitation of photoactive molecules. These can be uptaken by and released from the polymer matrix. Therefore, such materials may find applications as cheap and tailored materials in photodynamic therapy (i.e., light-induced treatment of skin infections by bacteria, fungi, and viruses using photoactive drugs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Pelras
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
- Key Center for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Sarah Glass
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Tom Scherzer
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Christian Elsner
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Agnes Schulze
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Bernd Abel
- Leibniz-Institute of Surface Modification, Permoserstraβe 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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43
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Heyart B, Weidt A, Wisotzki EI, Zink M, Mayr SG. Micropatterning of reagent-free, high energy crosslinked gelatin hydrogels for bioapplications. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2017; 106:320-330. [PMID: 28140524 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels are crosslinked polymeric gels of great interest in the field of tissue engineering, particularly as biocompatible cell or drug carriers. Reagent-free electron irradiated gelatin is simple to manufacture, inexpensive and biocompatible. Here, the potential to micropattern gelatin hydrogel surfaces during electron irradiation crosslinking was demonstrated as a promising microfabrication technique to produce thermally stable structures on highly relevant length scales for bioapplications. In the present work, grooves of 3.75 to 170 µm width and several hundred nanometers depth were transferred onto gelatin hydrogels during electron irradiation and characterized by 3D confocal microscopy after exposure to ambient and physiological conditions. The survival and influence of these microstructures on cellular growth was further characterized using NIH 3T3 fibroblasts. Topographical modifications produced surface structures on which the cultured fibroblasts attached and responded by adapting their morphologies. This developed technique allows for simple and effective structuring of gelatin and opens up new possibilities for irradiation crosslinked hydrogels in biomedical applications in which cell attachment and contact guidance are favored. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 320-330, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Heyart
- Leibniz Institute for Surface Modification (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Astrid Weidt
- Soft Matter Physics Division, Institute for Experimental Physics 1, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Emilia I Wisotzki
- Leibniz Institute for Surface Modification (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Mareike Zink
- Soft Matter Physics Division, Institute for Experimental Physics 1, University of Leipzig, Linnéstr. 5, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefan G Mayr
- Leibniz Institute for Surface Modification (IOM), Permoserstr. 15, 04318, Leipzig, Germany.,Division of Surface Physics, Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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44
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Wisotzki EI, Tempesti P, Fratini E, Mayr SG. Influence of high energy electron irradiation on the network structure of gelatin hydrogels as investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:12064-12074. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp00195a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Small-angle X-ray scattering revealed ranging structural differences in physically entangled and irradiation-crosslinked gelatin hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia I. Wisotzki
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM)
- Permoserstrasse 15
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science
| | - Paolo Tempesti
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI
- University of Florence
- via della Lastruccia 3
- Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
| | - Emiliano Fratini
- Department of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI
- University of Florence
- via della Lastruccia 3
- Sesto Fiorentino (FI)
- Italy
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM)
- Permoserstrasse 15
- 04318 Leipzig
- Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Science
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45
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Pessot G, Löwen H, Menzel AM. Dynamic elastic moduli in magnetic gels: Normal modes and linear response. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:104904. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4962365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Pessot
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hartmut Löwen
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas M. Menzel
- Institut für Theoretische Physik II: Weiche Materie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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46
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Liu F, Majeed H, Antoniou J, Li Y, Ma Y, Yokoyama W, Ma J, Zhong F. Tailoring physical properties of transglutaminase-modified gelatin films by varying drying temperature. Food Hydrocoll 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2016.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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47
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Wisotzki EI, Eberbeck D, Kratz H, Mayr SG. Magnetic response of gelatin ferrogels across the sol-gel transition: the influence of high energy crosslinking on thermal stability. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:3908-3918. [PMID: 27029437 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm02695d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
As emerging responsive materials, ferrogels have demonstrated significant potential for applications in areas of engineering to regenerative medicine. Promising techniques to study the behavior of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in such matrices include magnetic particle spectroscopy (MPS) and magnetorelaxometry (MRX). This work investigated the magnetic response of gelatin-based ferrogels with increasing temperatures, before and after high energy crosslinking. The particle response was characterized by the nonlinear magnetization using MPS and quasistatic magnetization measurements as well as MRX to discriminate between Néel and Brownian relaxation mechanisms. The effective magnetic response of MNPs in gelatin was suppressed, indicating that the magnetization of the ferrogels was strongly influenced by competing dipole-dipole interactions. Significant changes in the magnetic behavior were observed across the gelatin sol-gel transition, as influenced by the matrix viscosity. These relaxation processes were modeled by Fourier transformation of the Langevin function, combined with a Debye term for the nonlinear magnetic response, for single core MNPs embedded in matrices of changing viscosities. Using high energy electron irradiation as a crosslinking method, modified ferrogels exhibited thermal stability on a range of timescales. However, MRX relaxation times revealed a slight softening around the gelatin sol-gel transition felt by the smallest particles, demonstrating a high sensitivity to observe local changes in the viscoelasticity. Overall, MPS and MRX functioned as non-contact methods to observe changes in the nanorheology around the native sol-gel transition and in crosslinked ferrogels, as well as provided an understanding of how MNPs were integrated into and influenced by the surrounding matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia I Wisotzki
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM), Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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48
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Wisotzki EI, Friedrich RP, Weidt A, Alexiou C, Mayr SG, Zink M. Cellular Response to Reagent-Free Electron-Irradiated Gelatin Hydrogels. Macromol Biosci 2016; 16:914-24. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201500408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia I. Wisotzki
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM); Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences; Leipzig University; Linnéstrasse 5 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Ralf P. Friedrich
- ENT Clinic; Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON); Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Astrid Weidt
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences; Leipzig University; Linnéstrasse 5 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- ENT Clinic; Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON); Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung Professorship; University Hospital Erlangen; Erlangen Germany
| | - Stefan G. Mayr
- Leibniz Institute of Surface Modification (IOM); Permoserstrasse 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences; Leipzig University; Linnéstrasse 5 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Mareike Zink
- Faculty of Physics and Earth Sciences; Leipzig University; Linnéstrasse 5 04103 Leipzig Germany
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49
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Ning N, Wang Z, Yao Y, Zhang L, Tian M. Enhanced electromechanical performance of bio-based gelatin/glycerin dielectric elastomer by cellulose nanocrystals. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 130:262-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2015.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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