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Soto-Salcido LA, Pihlajamäki A, Mänttäri M. Reuse of end-of-life membranes through accelerated polyamide degradation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 171:124-133. [PMID: 37657285 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2023.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
End-of-life (EoL) thin-film composite (TFC) reverse osmosis membranes were converted into ultrafiltration-like (UF) membranes in an accelerated degradation process of the polyamide (PA) using an oxidant (NaOCl) in the presence of either MgCl2 or CaCl2. The PA degradation was evaluated by measuring pure water permeability (PWP), MgSO4 passage and molecular weight cut-off; the more PWP increased, and the less MgSO4 was retained after treatment, the more the PA was degraded. By adding 10 mM of metal ions, PWP increased 2.1 (MgCl2) and 3.1 (CaCl2) times compared to the increase achieved with hypochlorite alone (2560 ppm∙h of free chlorine). Changes in the membranes after treatment were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and by measuring their surface charge and contact angle. FTIR and FE-SEM confirmed the PA layer degradation. FE-SEM micrographs showed that full removal of the PA layer can be achieved by using an oxidation dose of 12,700 ppm∙h when Ca2+ is used but doses as high as 300,000 ppm*h are needed without catalyst. The results proved that by controlling the oxidation process it was possible to control the cut-off (MWCO) value of the membrane from 16,100 g∙mol-1 to 27,100 g∙mol-1. Before treatment, EoL membranes showed a MWCO of approximately 1200 g∙mol-1, meaning that molecules with that size could be retained in a 90%. In summary, the presented method enables reducing waste by the conversion EoL membranes into tailored UF-like membranes and by decreasing the amount of oxidant used in the conversion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis A Soto-Salcido
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland.
| | - Arto Pihlajamäki
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
| | - Mika Mänttäri
- Department of Separation Science, LUT School of Engineering Science, LUT University, P.O. Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland
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Improvement the performance of TFC membranes by deposition a cationic/anionic polyelectrolyte onto their partially hypochlorite-degraded surfaces. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2022.105388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Effect of halides on polyamide-based membrane flux and monomer degradation during chloramination. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Halakoo E, Feng X. Self-assembled membranes from polyethylenimine and graphene oxide for pervaporation dehydration of ethylene glycol. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Silva MA, Belmonte-Reche E, de Amorim MTP. Morphology and water flux of produced cellulose acetate membranes reinforced by the design of experiments (DOE). Carbohydr Polym 2020; 254:117407. [PMID: 33357894 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA) ultrafiltration membranes were successfully prepared using the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) methodology. This technique is used to produce porous membranes for a large variety of applications. However, the formation of a dense skin during the process reduces membrane pure water flux (PWF). To overcome this issue, three parameters were investigated: CA/NMP (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) ratio in the casting solution, acetone (Ac)/water (W) ratio in the precipitation bath composition (PBC) and support material (glass/polyethylene). The effect of each factor on the mean pore size, water contact angle, porosity and PWF was supported by Taguchi design. The increase in the CA/NMP ratio reduced mean pore size and porosity. In contrast, there was an increase in porosity and hydrophilicity with increasing Ac/W ratio. The maximum value of PWF was obtained for membranes prepared using a PE support. ANOVA showed that most, but not all, factors had significant effects on the parameters measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica A Silva
- Center for Science and Textile Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
| | - Efres Belmonte-Reche
- Life Sciences Department, International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
| | - M T Pessoa de Amorim
- Center for Science and Textile Technology, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal
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Hashiba K, Nakai S, Nishijima W, Ohno M, Gotoh T. Degradation of secondary polyamide reverse osmosis membrane by hypochlorite in the presence of calcium ions. Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yun J, Wang Y, Liu Z, Li Y, Yang H, Xu ZL. High efficient dye removal with hydrolyzed ethanolamine-Polyacrylonitrile UF membrane: Rejection of anionic dye and selective adsorption of cationic dye. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 259:127390. [PMID: 32593817 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The dye-water treatment using UF membrane is still a challenge. In the present study, the optimized PAN-ETA ultrafiltration membrane was hydrolyzed and subsequently characterized by SEM, IR, CA, XPS, NMR, mechanic measurement, etc. The obtained membrane (H-PAN-ETA) was used for dye removal and it showed both an excellent anti-dye fouling and a good rejection property for anionic dyes. I.e. 96% rejection for methyl blue (MB), 99% for congo red (CR), 94% for acid fuchsin (AF) with no sign of contamination by dye. The flux of H-PAN-ETA membrane maintained at 50-53 L m-2⋅ h-1 during a 10-h filtration, which is higher than that of tight UF membranes reported. Meanwhile, H-PAN-ETA membrane was able to selectively remove cationic dyes, such as methylene blue (MEB), rhodamine B (RB) and, crystal violet (CV), or the mixture of anionic dye/cationic dye by adsorption process. Its adsorption capacity remained unchanged after 20 cycles. Finally, the immobile electrical double layer (EDL) theory combined with electrostatic force was introduced to explain the separation mechanism of charged UF membrane, which is helpful to instruct the preparation of UF membrane for dye removal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Yun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yixing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhenying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yujie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Hu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Zhen-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Membrane Science and Engineering R&D Lab, Chemical Engineering Research Center, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
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Halakoo E, Feng X. Layer-by-layer assembly of polyethyleneimine/graphene oxide membranes for desalination of high-salinity water via pervaporation. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2019.116077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Hashiba K, Nakai S, Ohno M, Nishijima W, Gotoh T, Iizawa T. Deterioration Mechanism of a Tertiary Polyamide Reverse Osmosis Membrane by Hypochlorite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:9109-9117. [PMID: 31276395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A tertiary polyamide membrane was synthesized using N,N'-dimethyl-m-phenylenediamine. The durability of this membrane to chlorination by hypochlorite treatment followed by sodium hydroxide treatment was examined, and then deterioration mechanisms were proposed. The tertiary polyamide membrane demonstrated better durability to free chlorine than a conventional secondary polyamide one; however, the former was deteriorated by hypochlorite for 24 h at 2000 ppm of free chlorine below pH 7.5. The salt rejection and permeation performance of the membrane were almost unchanged, and the least chlorination of the active layer occurred during hypochlorite treatment at pH 10. These results indicated that hypochlorous acid rather than hypochlorite ion was the free chlorine species that induced membrane deterioration. The deterioration became severe as chlorination progressed, resulting in collapse of the active layer below pH 7.5. Chlorination and hydrolysis of the model tertiary amide N-methylbenzanilide and Fourier transfer infrared spectroscopy of a deteriorated membrane showed that chlorination of the tertiary polyamide occurred via direct chlorination of the benzene bound to the amidic nitrogen. Silver ion probing of the deteriorated membrane revealed that amide bond scission occurred in the active layer, which might be related to the electron deficiency of the amidic nitrogen caused by chlorination of its benzene ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Hashiba
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate school of Engineering , Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8527 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate school of Engineering , Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8527 , Japan
| | - Masaki Ohno
- Department of Applied Life Science , Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Science , Niigata 956-8603 , Japan
| | - Wataru Nishijima
- Environmental Research and Management Center , Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8513 , Japan
| | - Takehiko Gotoh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate school of Engineering , Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8527 , Japan
| | - Takashi Iizawa
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate school of Engineering , Hiroshima University , Hiroshima 739-8527 , Japan
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Davari S, Omidkhah M, Abdollahi M. Improved antifouling ability of thin film composite polyamide membrane modified by a pH-sensitive imidazole-based zwitterionic polyelectrolyte. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2018.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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FTIR, XRD and DSC studies of nanochitosan, cellulose acetate and polyethylene glycol blend ultrafiltration membranes. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 104:1721-1729. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Vinodhini PA, Sudha PN. Removal of heavy metal chromium from tannery effluent using ultrafiltration membrane. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40689-016-0016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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