1
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Diemer V, Roy E, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. Protein desulfurization and deselenization. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:8521-8545. [PMID: 39010733 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00135d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Methods enabling the dechalcogenation of thiols or selenols have been investigated and developed for a long time in fields of research as diverse as the study of prebiotic chemistry, the engineering of fuel processing techniques, the study of biomolecule structures and function or the chemical synthesis of biomolecules. The dechalcogenation of thiol or selenol amino acids is nowadays a particularly flourishing area of research for being a pillar of modern chemical protein synthesis, when used in combination with thiol or selenol-based chemoselective peptide ligation chemistries. This review offers a comprehensive and scholarly overview of the field, emphasizing emerging trends and providing a detailed and critical mechanistic discussion of the dechalcogenation methods developed so far. Taking advantage of recently published reports, it also clarifies some unexpected desulfurization reactions that were observed in the past and for which no explanation was provided at the time. Additionally, the review includes a discussion on principal desulfurization methods within the framework of newly introduced green chemistry metrics and toolkits, providing a well-rounded exploration of the subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Diemer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Eliott Roy
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
- Centrale Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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2
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Petit G, Malherbe C, Bianchi P, Monbaliu JCM. An innovative chalcogenide transfer agent for improved aqueous quantum dot synthesis. Chem Sci 2024:d4sc01135j. [PMID: 39129774 PMCID: PMC11309086 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01135j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
An innovative approach to chalcogenide precursor synthesis and their subsequent use for the production of CdX (X = S, Se, Te) quantum dots (QDs) in water under scalable and intensified continuous flow conditions is introduced. Herein, tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) is identified as a novel, efficient and water-soluble vehicle for chalcogenide transfer to form CdX QDs under aqueous conditions. A comprehensive exploration of critical process parameters, including pH, chalcogen excess, and residence time, utilizing a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach is reported. Reaction kinetics are investigated in real-time using a combination of in situ Raman spectroscopy and in-line 31P NMR spectroscopy. The conversion of TCEP into TCEP[double bond, length as m-dash]X (X = S, Se, Te) species is seamlessly adapted to continuous flow conditions. TCEP[double bond, length as m-dash]X precursors are subsequently employed in the synthesis of CdX QDs. Scalability trials are successfully demonstrated, with experiments conducted at flow rates of up to 80 mL min-1 using a commercially available mesofluidic flow reactor with favorable metrics. Furthermore, biocompatible and aqueous CdSe/ZnS core-shell QDs are for the first time prepared in flow within a fully concatenated process. These results emphasize the potential for widespread biological or industrial applications of this novel protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Petit
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman) Belgium https://www.citos.uliege.be/
| | - Cedric Malherbe
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman) Belgium
| | - Pauline Bianchi
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman) Belgium https://www.citos.uliege.be/
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège B-4000 Liège (Sart Tilman) Belgium https://www.citos.uliege.be/
- WEL Research Institute Avenue Pasteur 6 B-1300 Wavre Belgium
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3
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Xuan GR, Chen XK, Liu MC, Zhou YB, Wu HY. Deselenylative Acylation and Nitration of Monoselenides. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38814147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.4c01537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
A deselenylative protocol that enables the construction of the C-C and C-N bonds has been disclosed. By using acyl chloride/AgOTf as an efficient acylation reagent, diarylselenides smoothly undergo deselenylative acylation to produce a series of aroyl compounds. In addition, deselenylative nitration can be enabled by a mild nitration reagent consisting of TsCl and AgNO3, furnishing a diverse array of nitroaromatic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Rong Xuan
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Xin-Kai Chen
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Miao-Chang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yun-Bing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Key Lab of Biohealth Materials and Chemistry of Wenzhou, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Hua-Yue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
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4
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Pehlivan Ö, Wojtkowiak K, Jezierska A, Waliczek M, Stefanowicz P. Photochemical Transformations of Peptides Containing the N-(2-Selenoethyl)glycine Moiety. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:16775-16791. [PMID: 38617632 PMCID: PMC11007844 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The diselenide bond has attracted considerable attention due to its ability to undergo the metathesis reaction in response to visible light. In our previous study, we demonstrated visible-light-induced diselenide metathesis of selenocysteine-containing linear peptides, allowing for the convenient generation of peptide libraries. Here, we investigated the transformation of linear and cyclic peptides containing the N-(2-selenoethyl)glycine moiety. The linear peptides were highly susceptible to the metathesis reaction, whereas the cyclic systems gave only limited conversion yields of the metathesis product. In both cases, side reactions leading to the formation of mono-, di-, and polyselenides were observed upon prolonged irradiation. To confirm the radical mechanism of the reaction, the radical initiator 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] dihydrochloride (VA-044) was tested, and it was found to induce diselenide metathesis without photochemical activation. The data were interpreted in the light of quantum-chemical simulations based on density functional theory (DFT). The simulations were performed at the B3LYP-D3BJ/def2-TZVP level of theory using a continuum solvation model (IEF-PCM) and methanol as a solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Pehlivan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie str. 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kamil Wojtkowiak
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie str. 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Aneta Jezierska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie str. 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Waliczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie str. 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Stefanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie str. 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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5
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Zhao Z, Laps S, Gichtin JS, Metanis N. Selenium chemistry for spatio-selective peptide and protein functionalization. Nat Rev Chem 2024; 8:211-229. [PMID: 38388838 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-024-00579-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The ability to construct a peptide or protein in a spatio-specific manner is of great interest for therapeutic and biochemical research. However, the various functional groups present in peptide sequences and the need to perform chemistry under mild and aqueous conditions make selective protein functionalization one of the greatest synthetic challenges. The fascinating paradox of selenium (Se) - being found in both toxic compounds and also harnessed by nature for essential biochemical processes - has inspired the recent exploration of selenium chemistry for site-selective functionalization of peptides and proteins. In this Review, we discuss such approaches, including metal-free and metal-catalysed transformations, as well as traceless chemical modifications. We report their advantages, limitations and applications, as well as future research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Shay Laps
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jacob S Gichtin
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
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6
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Ludwig BA, Forbes CR, Zondlo NJ. N-Terminal Proline Editing for the Synthesis of Peptides with Mercaptoproline and Selenoproline: Mechanistic Insights Lead to Greater Efficiency in Proline Native Chemical Ligation. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:536-550. [PMID: 38324914 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation (NCL) at proline has been limited by cost and synthetic access. In addition, prior examples of NCL using mercaptoproline have exhibited stalling of the reaction after thioester exchange, due to inefficient S → N acyl transfer. Herein, we develop methods, using inexpensive Boc-4R-hydroxyproline, for the solid-phase synthesis of peptides containing N-terminal 4R-mercaptoproline and 4R-selenoproline. The synthesis proceeds via proline editing on the N-terminus of fully synthesized peptides on the solid phase, converting an N-terminal Boc-4R-hydroxyproline to the 4S-bromoproline, followed by an SN2 reaction with potassium thioacetate or selenobenzoic acid. After cleavage from the resin and deprotection, peptides with functionalized N-terminal proline amino acids were obtained. NCL reactions with mercaptoproline proceeded slowly under standard NCL conditions, with the S-acyl transthioesterification intermediate observed as a major species. Computational investigations indicated that the bicyclic intermediates and transition states for S → N acyl transfer are sufficiently low in energy (10-15 kcal mol-1 above starting material) that ring strain cannot explain the slow S → N acyl transfer. Instead, the bicyclic zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate has a low barrier for reversion to the S-acyl intermediate, causing reversion to the thioester (reverse reaction) to occur preferentially over elimination to generate the amide (forward reaction). We hypothesized that a buffer capable of general acid and/or general base catalysis could promote S → N acyl transfer and thus achieve greater efficiency in proline NCL. In the presence of 2 M imidazole at pH 6.8, NCL with mercaptoproline proceeded efficiently to generate the peptide with a native amide bond. NCL with selenoproline also proceeded efficiently to generate the desired products when a thiophenol thioester was employed as a ligation partner. After desulfurization or deselenization, the products obtained were identical to those synthesized directly, confirming that the solid-phase proline editing reactions proceeded stereospecifically and without epimerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brice A Ludwig
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Christina R Forbes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Neal J Zondlo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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7
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Dardashti RN, Laps S, Gichtin JS, Metanis N. The semisynthesis of nucleolar human selenoprotein H. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12723-12729. [PMID: 38020378 PMCID: PMC10646972 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03059h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The human selenoprotein H is the only selenocysteine-containing protein that is located in the cell's nucleolus. In vivo studies have suggested that it plays some role in DNA binding, consumption of reactive oxygen species, and may serve as a safeguard against cancers. However, the protein has never been isolated and, as a result, not yet fully characterized. Here, we used a semi-synthetic approach to obtain the full selenoprotein H with a S43T mutation. Using biolayer interferometry, we also show that the Cys-containing mutant of selenoprotein H is capable of binding DNA with sub-micromolar affinity. Employing state-of-the-art expressed protein ligation (EPL), our devised semi-synthetic approach can be utilized for the production of numerous, hard-to-obtain proteins of biological and therapeutic relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Notis Dardashti
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Shay Laps
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Jacob S Gichtin
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus Givat Ram Jerusalem 9190401 Israel
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8
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Pehlivan Ö, Waliczek M, Kijewska M, Stefanowicz P. Selenium in Peptide Chemistry. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073198. [PMID: 37049961 PMCID: PMC10096412 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, researchers have been exploring the potential of incorporating selenium into peptides, as this element possesses unique properties that can enhance the reactivity of these compounds. Selenium is a non-metallic element that has a similar electronic configuration to sulfur. However, due to its larger atomic size and lower electronegativity, it is more nucleophilic than sulfur. This property makes selenium more reactive toward electrophiles. One of the most significant differences between selenium and sulfur is the dissociation of the Se-H bond. The Se-H bond is more easily dissociated than the S-H bond, leading to higher acidity of selenocysteine (Sec) compared to cysteine (Cys). This difference in acidity can be exploited to selectively modify the reactivity of peptides containing Sec. Furthermore, Se-H bonds in selenium-containing peptides are more susceptible to oxidation than their sulfur analogs. This property can be used to selectively modify the peptides by introducing new functional groups, such as disulfide bonds, which are important for protein folding and stability. These unique properties of selenium-containing peptides have found numerous applications in the field of chemical biology. For instance, selenium-containing peptides have been used in native chemical ligation (NCL). In addition, the reactivity of Sec can be harnessed to create cyclic and stapled peptides. Other chemical modifications, such as oxidation, reduction, and photochemical reactions, have also been applied to selenium-containing peptides to create novel molecules with unique biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özge Pehlivan
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Mateusz Waliczek
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Kijewska
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Stefanowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F. Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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9
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Shi Y, Tian H, Xia Y, Sun Y, Zhou Z, Ren Y, Shi T, Liu Z, Ma G. Deciphering the reaction mechanism and the reactivity of the TCEP species towards reduction of hexachloroiridate(IV). J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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10
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Kerul L, Schrems M, Schmid A, Meli R, Becker CFW, Bello C. Semisynthesis of Homogeneous, Active Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Glycoforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202206116. [PMID: 35853828 PMCID: PMC9804750 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202206116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine used to treat neutropenia. Different glycosylated and non-glycosylated variants of G-CSF for therapeutic application are currently generated by recombinant expression. Here, we describe our approaches to establish a first semisynthesis strategy to access the aglycone and O-glycoforms of G-CSF, thereby enabling the preparation of selectively and homogeneously post-translationally modified variants of this important cytokine. Eventually, we succeeded by combining selenocysteine ligation of a recombinantly produced N-terminal segment with a synthetic C-terminal part, transiently equipped with a side-chain-linked, photocleavable PEG moiety, at low concentration. The transient PEGylation enabled quantitative enzymatic elongation of the carbohydrate at Thr133. Overall, we were able to significantly reduce the problems related to the low solubility and the tendency to aggregate of the two protein segments, which allowed the preparation of four G-CSF variants that were successfully folded and demonstrated biological activity in cell proliferation assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kerul
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Maximilian Schrems
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Alanca Schmid
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Rajeshwari Meli
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Str. 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Claudia Bello
- Interdepartmental Research Unit of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and BiologyDepartment of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”University of Florencevia della Lastruccia 1350019Sesto Fiorentino (Florence)Italy
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11
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Liu Y, Wang J, Wang Q, Han F, Shi L, Han C, Huang Z, Xu L. Effects of insufficient serine on health and selenoprotein expression in rats and their offspring. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1012362. [PMID: 36185664 PMCID: PMC9515570 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1012362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To observe the impact of insufficient exogenous and/or endogenous serine on selenoprotein expression and health of pregnant rats and their offspring. Method Experiment 1 was conducted in male rats, in which the dose-dependent effects of serine on selenoprotein expression and thyroid hormones (T3, T4 and TSH) were investigated by feeding either a serine adequate diet (20C), serine-deprived diet (20CSD) or 20CSD with different serine levels (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 times the amount of serine in 20C). In experiment 2, a PHGDH inhibitor was administrated to pregnant rats fed either 20C or 20CSD. Blood and organ tissues of pregnant rats and offspring were subjected to the analyses of thyroid hormone, serine and homocysteine and GPx3 and SELENOP in plasma and expression of GPx1 and DIO1, 2 in tissues respectively. Result In experiment 1, plasma SELENOP and GPx3 levels in adult male rats increased with the increasing dose of serine. Immunohistochemical results showed that GPx1 expression in liver and kidney of male rats also increased with increasing serine supplementation. Amongst all diet groups, only male rats fed 20CSD had significantly lower plasma TSH and T4 levels (P < 0.05). In experiment 2, GPx1 and DIO2 expression in the liver and kidney were suppressed in pregnant rats administered with a PHGDH compared to those who were not (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in plasma T4 and T3 amongst all diet groups (P > 0.05). Also, offspring born to pregnant rats administered with a PHGDH inhibitor exhibited slower growth rates and hyperhomocysteinemia compared to offspring from mothers not administered with the inhibitor (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Insufficient exogenous serine through the diet decreased selenoprotein synthesis in adult male rats. However, this was not observed in pregnant rats, whereby exogenous or endogenous serine deficiency had no effect on the selenoprotein levels. A possible explanation is that dams may have an adaptive mechanism to limit maternal serine utilization and ensure adequate supply to the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Jianrong Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Shi
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
- The Key Laboratory of Micronutrients Nutrition, National Health Commission of The People's Republic of China, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhenwu Huang
| | - Liang Xu
- Urology Department, The Third Medical Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- Liang Xu
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12
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Kerul L, Schrems M, Schmid A, Meli R, Becker CF, Bello C. Semisynthesis of Homogeneous, Active Granulocyte Colony‐Stimulating Factor Glycoforms. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202206116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Kerul
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | - Alanca Schmid
- University of Vienna: Universitat Wien Chemistry AUSTRIA
| | | | - Christian F.W. Becker
- Universitat Wien Institute of Biological Chemistry Währinger Str. 38 1090 Vienna AUSTRIA
| | - Claudia Bello
- University of Florence: Universita degli Studi di Firenze Chemistry ITALY
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13
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Firstova O, Melnyk O, Diemer V. Thiol Catalysis of Selenosulfide Bond Cleavage by a Triarylphosphine. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9426-9430. [PMID: 35763672 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The arylthiol 4-mercaptophenylacetic acid (MPAA) is a powerful catalyst of selenosulfide bond reduction by the triarylphosphine 3,3',3″-phosphanetriyltris(benzenesulfonic acid) trisodium salt (TPPTS). Both reagents are water-soluble at neutral pH and are particularly adapted for working with unprotected peptidic substrates. Contrary to trialkylphosphines such as tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine hydrochloride (TCEP), TPPTS has the advantage of not inducing deselenization reactions. We believe that the work reported here will be of value for those manipulating selenosulfide bonds in peptidic or protein molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Firstova
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vincent Diemer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, INSERM, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 9017 - CIIL - Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
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14
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Liao P, Liu H, He C. Chemical synthesis of human selenoprotein F and elucidation of its thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6322-6327. [PMID: 35733894 PMCID: PMC9159075 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00492e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenoprotein F (SelF) is an endoplasmic reticulum-residing eukaryotic protein that contains a selenocysteine (Sec) residue. It has been suggested to be involved in a number of physiological processes by acting as a thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase, but the exact role has remained unclear due to the lack of a reliable production method. We document herein a robust synthesis of the human SelF through a three-segment two-ligation semisynthesis strategy. Highlighted in this synthetic route are the use of a mild desulfurization process to protect the side-chain of the Sec residue from being affected and the simultaneous removal of acetamidomethyl and p-methoxybenzyl protection groups by PdCl2, thus facilitating the synthesis of multi-milligrams of homogenous SelF. The reduction potential of SelF was determined and the thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase activity was further supported by its ability to catalyze the reduction and isomerization of disulfide bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peisi Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Hongmei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry and Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 China
- Shenzhen Huazhong University of Science and Technology Research Institute Shenzhen 518057 China
| | - Chunmao He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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15
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Kulkarni SS, Watson EE, Maxwell JWC, Niederacher G, Johansen‐Leete J, Huhmann S, Mukherjee S, Norman AR, Kriegesmann J, Becker CFW, Payne RJ. Expressed Protein Selenoester Ligation. ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 134:e202200163. [PMID: 38505698 PMCID: PMC10947028 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202200163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the development and application of a novel expressed protein selenoester ligation (EPSL) methodology for the one-pot semi-synthesis of modified proteins. EPSL harnesses the rapid kinetics of ligation reactions between modified synthetic selenopeptides and protein aryl selenoesters (generated from expressed intein fusion precursors) followed by in situ chemoselective deselenization to afford target proteins at concentrations that preclude the use of traditional ligation methods. The utility of the EPSL technology is showcased through the efficient semi-synthesis of ubiquitinated polypeptides, lipidated analogues of the membrane-associated GTPase YPT6, and site-specifically phosphorylated variants of the oligomeric chaperone protein Hsp27 at high dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer S. Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Emma E. Watson
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Joshua W. C. Maxwell
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Gerhard Niederacher
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jason Johansen‐Leete
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Susanne Huhmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander R. Norman
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
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16
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Kulkarni SS, Watson EE, Maxwell JWC, Niederacher G, Johansen‐Leete J, Huhmann S, Mukherjee S, Norman AR, Kriegesmann J, Becker CFW, Payne RJ. Expressed Protein Selenoester Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202200163. [PMID: 35194928 PMCID: PMC9314092 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202200163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe the development and application of a novel expressed protein selenoester ligation (EPSL) methodology for the one-pot semi-synthesis of modified proteins. EPSL harnesses the rapid kinetics of ligation reactions between modified synthetic selenopeptides and protein aryl selenoesters (generated from expressed intein fusion precursors) followed by in situ chemoselective deselenization to afford target proteins at concentrations that preclude the use of traditional ligation methods. The utility of the EPSL technology is showcased through the efficient semi-synthesis of ubiquitinated polypeptides, lipidated analogues of the membrane-associated GTPase YPT6, and site-specifically phosphorylated variants of the oligomeric chaperone protein Hsp27 at high dilution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer S. Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Emma E. Watson
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Joshua W. C. Maxwell
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Gerhard Niederacher
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jason Johansen‐Leete
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Susanne Huhmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Somnath Mukherjee
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Alexander R. Norman
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
| | - Julia Kriegesmann
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Christian F. W. Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Biological ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein ScienceThe University of SydneySydneyNSW 2006Australia
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17
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Wang Q, Zhan S, Han F, Liu Y, Wu H, Huang Z. The Possible Mechanism of Physiological Adaptation to the Low-Se Diet and Its Health Risk in the Traditional Endemic Areas of Keshan Diseases. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2069-2083. [PMID: 34365573 PMCID: PMC8349466 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02851-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an essential trace element for humans and animals. As with oxygen and sulfur, etc., it belongs to the sixth main group of the periodic table of elements. Therefore, the corresponding amino acids, such as selenocysteine (Sec), serine (Ser), and cysteine (Cys), have similar spatial structure, physical, and chemical properties. In this review, we focus on the neglected but key role of serine in a possible mechanism of the physiological adaptation to Se-deficiency in human beings with an adequate intake of dietary protein: the insertion of Cys in place of Sec during the translation of selenoproteins dependent on the Sec insertion sequence element in the 3'UTR of mRNA at the UGA codon through a novel serine-dependent pathway for the de novo synthesis of the Cys-tRNA[Ser]Sec, similar to Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec. We also discuss the important roles of serine in the metabolism of selenium directly or indirectly via GSH, and the maintenance of selenium homostasis regulated through the methylation modification of Sec-tRNA[Ser]Sec at the position 34U by SAM. Finally, we propose a hypothesis to explain why Keshan disease has gradually disappeared in China and predict the potential health risk of the human body in the physiological adaptation state of low selenium based on the results of animal experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Shuo Zhan
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Feng Han
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yiqun Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hongying Wu
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Rd, Wuhan, 430022, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Zhenwu Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Beijing, 100050, China.
- The Key Laboratory of Micronutrients Nutrition, National Health Commission of The People's Republic of China, Beijing, China.
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18
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Zhao Z, Mousa R, Metanis N. One-Pot Chemical Protein Synthesis Utilizing Fmoc-Masked Selenazolidine to Address the Redox Functionality of Human Selenoprotein F. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200279. [PMID: 35112407 PMCID: PMC9304195 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Human SELENOF is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) selenoprotein that contains the redox active motif CXU (C is cysteine and U is selenocysteine), resembling the redox motif of thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases (CXXC). Like other selenoproteins, the challenge in accessing SELENOF has somewhat limited its full biological characterization thus far. Here we present the one-pot chemical synthesis of the thioredoxin-like domain of SELENOF, highlighted by the use of Fmoc-protected selenazolidine, native chemical ligations and deselenization reactions. The redox potential of the CXU motif, together with insulin turbidimetric assay suggested that SELENOF may catalyze the reduction of disulfides in misfolded proteins. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SELENOF is not a protein disulfide isomerase (PDI)-like enzyme, as it did not enhance the folding of the two protein models; bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor and hirudin. These studies suggest that SELENOF may be responsible for reducing the non-native disulfide bonds of misfolded glycoproteins as part of the quality control system in the ER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of ChemistryThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
| | - Reem Mousa
- Institute of ChemistryThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of ChemistryThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
- The Center for Nanoscience and NanotechnologyThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
- Casali Center for Applied ChemistryThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalem9190401Israel
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19
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Guan I, Williams K, Liu JST, Liu X. Synthetic Thiol and Selenol Derived Amino Acids for Expanding the Scope of Chemical Protein Synthesis. Front Chem 2022; 9:826764. [PMID: 35237567 PMCID: PMC8883728 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.826764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells employ post-translational modifications (PTMs) as key mechanisms to expand proteome diversity beyond the inherent limitations of a concise genome. The ability to incorporate post-translationally modified amino acids into protein targets via chemical ligation of peptide fragments has enabled the access to homogeneous proteins bearing discrete PTM patterns and empowered functional elucidation of individual modification sites. Native chemical ligation (NCL) represents a powerful and robust means for convergent assembly of two homogeneous, unprotected peptides bearing an N-terminal cysteine residue and a C-terminal thioester, respectively. The subsequent discovery that protein cysteine residues can be chemoselectively desulfurized to alanine has ignited tremendous interest in preparing unnatural thiol-derived variants of proteogenic amino acids for chemical protein synthesis following the ligation-desulfurization logic. Recently, the 21st amino acid selenocysteine, together with other selenyl derivatives of amino acids, have been shown to facilitate ultrafast ligation with peptidyl selenoesters, while the advancement in deselenization chemistry has provided reliable bio-orthogonality to PTMs and other amino acids. The combination of these ligation techniques and desulfurization/deselenization chemistries has led to streamlined synthesis of multiple structurally-complex, post-translationally modified proteins. In this review, we aim to summarize the latest chemical synthesis of thiolated and selenylated amino-acid building blocks and exemplify their important roles in conquering challenging protein targets with distinct PTM patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Guan
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Kayla Williams
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Joanna Shu Ting Liu
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xuyu Liu
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- *Correspondence: Xuyu Liu,
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20
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Bedding MJ, Kulkarni SS, Payne RJ. Diselenide-selenoester ligation in the chemical synthesis of proteins. Methods Enzymol 2022; 662:363-399. [PMID: 35101218 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Peptides and proteins represent an important class of biomolecules responsible for a plethora of structural and functional roles in vivo. Following their translation on the ribosome, the majority of eukaryotic proteins are post-translationally modified, leading to a proteome that is much larger than the number of genes present in a given organism. In order to understand the functional role of a given protein modification, it is necessary to access peptides and proteins bearing homogeneous and site-specific modifications. Accordingly, there has been significant research effort centered on the development of peptide ligation methodologies for the chemical synthesis of modified proteins. In this chapter we outline the discovery and development of a contemporary methodology called the diselenide-selenoester ligation (DSL) that enables the rapid and efficient fusion of peptide fragments to generate synthetic proteins. The practical aspects of using DSL for the preparation of chemically modified peptides and proteins in the laboratory is described. In addition, recent advances in the application of the methodology are outlined, exemplified by the synthesis and biological evaluation of a number of complex protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max J Bedding
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Sameer S Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia.
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21
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Cheng R, Liu J, Daithankar V, Rozovsky S. Applying selenocysteine-mediated expressed protein ligation to prepare the membrane enzyme selenoprotein S. Methods Enzymol 2022; 662:159-185. [PMID: 35101209 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The intrinsically disordered membrane-bound selenoprotein s (selenos) takes part in the protein quality control pathway, vesicle trafficking, and NF-kB signaling. The reactive selenocysteine (Sec) at the penultimate position is responsible for its enzymatic activity. We report the preparation of the soluble segment as well as the full-length selenos using expressed protein ligation. This chapter discusses the practical considerations of expressed protein ligation using selenopeptides and describes our optimized procedure for the semi-synthesis of selenos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujin Cheng
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Vidyadhar Daithankar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States; Syva formulation, Siemens Healthineers, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Sharon Rozovsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
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22
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Liczner C, Hanna CC, Payne RJ, Wilds CJ. Generation of oligonucleotide conjugates via one-pot diselenide-selenoester ligation-deselenization/alkylation. Chem Sci 2022; 13:410-420. [PMID: 35126973 PMCID: PMC8729807 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04937b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A breadth of strategies are needed to efficiently modify oligonucleotides with peptides or lipids to capitalize on their therapeutic and diagnostic potential, including the modulation of in vivo chemical stability and for applications in cell-targeting and cell-permeability. The chemical linkages typically used in peptide oligonucleotide conjugates (POCs) have limitations in terms of stability and/or ease of synthesis. Herein, we report an efficient method for POC synthesis using a diselenide-selenoester ligation (DSL)-deselenization strategy that rapidly generates a stable amide linkage between the two biomolecules. This conjugation strategy is underpinned by a novel selenide phosphoramidite building block that can be incorporated into an oligonucleotide by solid-phase synthesis to generate diselenide dimer molecules. These can be rapidly ligated with peptide selenoesters and, following in situ deselenization, lead to the efficient generation of POCs. The diselenide within the oligonucleotide also serves as a flexible functionalisation handle that can be leveraged for fluorescent labelling, as well as for alkylation to generate micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Liczner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University 7141 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest Montréal Québec H4B 1R6 Canada
| | - Cameron C Hanna
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Richard J Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Sydney Sydney NSW 2006 Australia
| | - Christopher J Wilds
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Concordia University 7141 Rue Sherbrooke Ouest Montréal Québec H4B 1R6 Canada
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23
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Zhao Z, Shimon D, Metanis N. Chemoselective Copper-Mediated Modification of Selenocysteines in Peptides and Proteins. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:12817-12824. [PMID: 34346673 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c06101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Highly valuable bioconjugated molecules must be synthesized through efficient, chemoselective chemical modifications of peptides and proteins. Herein, we report the chemoselective modification of peptides and proteins via a reaction between selenocysteine residues and aryl/alkyl radicals. In situ radical generation from hydrazine substrates and copper ions proceeds rapidly in an aqueous buffer at near neutral pH (5-8), providing a variety of Se-modified linear and cyclic peptides and proteins conjugated to aryl and alkyl molecules, and to affinity label tag (biotin). This chemistry opens a new avenue for chemical protein modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Daphna Shimon
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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24
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Lapcinska S, Dimitrijevs P, Arsenyan P. Visible Light‐Mediated Synthesis of Se−S Bond‐Containing Peptides. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202100751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sindija Lapcinska
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 LV-1006 Riga Latvia
| | - Pavels Dimitrijevs
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 LV-1006 Riga Latvia
| | - Pavel Arsenyan
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis Aizkraukles 21 LV-1006 Riga Latvia
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25
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Griffiths RC, Mitchell NJ. The Chemical Synthesis of Site-Specifically Modified Proteins Via Diselenide-Selenoester Ligation. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2355:231-251. [PMID: 34386962 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1617-8_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Peptide ligation techniques enable the controlled chemical synthesis of native and engineered proteins, including examples that display site-specific post-translational modifications (PTMs) and non-proteinogenic functionality. Diselenide-selenoester ligation (DSL) is a recent addition to the synthetic methodology that offers several advantages over existing strategies. The standard DSL reaction involves the additive-free ligation of a peptide carrying an N-terminal selenocysteine (Sec) residue with a fragment bearing a C-terminal selenoester. This operationally simple ligation proceeds rapidly at sterically hindered junctions and is efficient across a broad pH range. The incorporation of deselenization and oxidative deselenization techniques into the DSL protocol enables conversion of the Sec residue at the ligation site to alanine (Ala) and serine (Ser), respectively, thus enhancing the scope and versatility of the method. In this chapter, we describe the application of DSL to the one-pot chemical synthesis of proteins via both two-component and three-component ligation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys C Griffiths
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK
| | - Nicholas J Mitchell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, UK.
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26
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Zhu PC, Chen YX. Facile Synthesis of Boc-Protected Selenocystine and its Compatibility with Late-Stage Farnesylation at Cysteine Site. Protein Pept Lett 2021; 28:603-611. [PMID: 33357178 DOI: 10.2174/0929866527666201223094249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The unique hypervariable C-terminal region (HVR) of K-Ras4B, one of the most frequently mutated proteins in many powerful cancers, contains a C-terminal farnesylated and methylated Cys and a poly-lysine motif, which decides the association of K-Ras4B to the inner leaflet of plasma membrane for activating the downstream signaling activity. In our previous work, we inserted an additional Cys in K-Ras4B HVR peptide synthesis for NCL in the semi-synthesis of K-Ras4b protein, but it is not suitable for application in protein dimerization research. The recently developed selenocysteine (Sec, U) mediated native chemical ligation reaction followed by selective deselenization, which can help to broaden the scope of protein synthesis, requires the generation of the peptide fragment with an N-terminal Sec. OBJECTIVE To synthesize K-Ras4B HVR peptide containing both N-terminal Sec and C-terminal farnesylated and methylated Cys to achieve traceless protein semi-synthesis. METHODS AND RESULTS We have developed a facile synthesis approach for producing Boc-Sec)2-OH using economic Se powder, which can facilitate scaling up preparation of peptides containing Sec at the N-terminus. Furthermore, we synthesized K-Ras4B HVR peptide containing selenocystine by utilization of Boc-Sec)2-OH. Finally, we took K-Ras4B HVR peptide as an example to test the compatibility of farnesylation reaction at Cys with the N-terminal Sec)2, and the farnesyl group was successfully added to the thiol group of Cys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Cheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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27
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Griffiths RC, Smith FR, Long JE, Williams HEL, Layfield R, Mitchell NJ. Site-Selective Modification of Peptides and Proteins via Interception of Free-Radical-Mediated Dechalcogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:23659-23667. [PMID: 32893423 PMCID: PMC7756370 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202006260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The development of site‐selective chemistry targeting the canonical amino acids enables the controlled installation of desired functionalities into native peptides and proteins. Such techniques facilitate the development of polypeptide conjugates to advance therapeutics, diagnostics, and fundamental science. We report a versatile and selective method to functionalize peptides and proteins through free‐radical‐mediated dechalcogenation. By exploiting phosphine‐induced homolysis of the C−Se and C−S bonds of selenocysteine and cysteine, respectively, we demonstrate the site‐selective installation of groups appended to a persistent radical trap. The reaction is rapid, operationally simple, and chemoselective. The resulting aminooxy linker is stable under a variety of conditions and selectively cleavable in the presence of a low‐oxidation‐state transition metal. We have explored the full scope of this reaction using complex peptide systems and a recombinantly expressed protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhys C Griffiths
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Frances R Smith
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jed E Long
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Huw E L Williams
- Biodiscovery Institute, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Robert Layfield
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Nicholas J Mitchell
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
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28
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Griffiths RC, Smith FR, Long JE, Williams HEL, Layfield R, Mitchell NJ. Site‐Selective Modification of Peptides and Proteins via Interception of Free‐Radical‐Mediated Dechalcogenation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202006260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rhys C. Griffiths
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Frances R. Smith
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Jed E. Long
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Huw E. L. Williams
- Biodiscovery Institute University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
| | - Robert Layfield
- School of Life Sciences University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2UH UK
| | - Nicholas J. Mitchell
- School of Chemistry University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD UK
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29
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Enhancing native chemical ligation for challenging chemical protein syntheses. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2020; 58:37-44. [PMID: 32745915 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Native chemical ligation has enabled the chemical synthesis of proteins for a wide variety of applications (e.g., mirror-image proteins). However, inefficiencies of this chemoselective ligation in the context of large or otherwise challenging protein targets can limit the practical scope of chemical protein synthesis. In this review, we focus on recent developments aimed at enhancing and expanding native chemical ligation for challenging protein syntheses. Chemical auxiliaries, use of selenium chemistry, and templating all enable ligations at otherwise suboptimal junctions. The continuing development of these tools is making the chemical synthesis of large proteins increasingly accessible.
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30
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Lin JD, Liu X. Recent Development in Ligation Methods for Glycopeptide and Glycoprotein Synthesis. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2548-2557. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Desmond Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Xue‐Wei Liu
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
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31
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Yin H, Zheng M, Chen H, Wang S, Zhou Q, Zhang Q, Wang P. Stereoselective and Divergent Construction of β-Thiolated/Selenolated Amino Acids via Photoredox-Catalyzed Asymmetric Giese Reaction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:14201-14209. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c04994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengjie Zheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Zhou
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University at Albany, State University of New York, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, New York 12222, United States
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
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32
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Diemer V, Ollivier N, Leclercq B, Drobecq H, Vicogne J, Agouridas V, Melnyk O. A cysteine selenosulfide redox switch for protein chemical synthesis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2558. [PMID: 32444769 PMCID: PMC7244499 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16359-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The control of cysteine reactivity is of paramount importance for the synthesis of proteins using the native chemical ligation (NCL) reaction. We report that this goal can be achieved in a traceless manner during ligation by appending a simple N-selenoethyl group to cysteine. While in synthetic organic chemistry the cleavage of carbon-nitrogen bonds is notoriously difficult, we describe that N-selenoethyl cysteine (SetCys) loses its selenoethyl arm in water under mild conditions upon reduction of its selenosulfide bond. Detailed mechanistic investigations show that the cleavage of the selenoethyl arm proceeds through an anionic mechanism with assistance of the cysteine thiol group. The implementation of the SetCys unit in a process enabling the modular and straightforward assembly of linear or backbone cyclized polypeptides is illustrated by the synthesis of biologically active cyclic hepatocyte growth factor variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Diemer
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Ollivier
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Bérénice Leclercq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Hervé Drobecq
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Jérôme Vicogne
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vangelis Agouridas
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
| | - Oleg Melnyk
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019-UMR 9017-CIIL-Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille, 59000, Lille, France.
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33
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Dardashti RN, Kumar S, Sternisha SM, Reddy PS, Miller BG, Metanis N. Selenolysine: A New Tool for Traceless Isopeptide Bond Formation. Chemistry 2020; 26:4952-4957. [PMID: 31960982 PMCID: PMC7184786 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite their biological importance, post-translationally modified proteins are notoriously difficult to produce in a homogeneous fashion by using conventional expression systems. Chemical protein synthesis or semisynthesis offers a solution to this problem; however, traditional strategies often rely on sulfur-based chemistry that is incompatible with the presence of any cysteine residues in the target protein. To overcome these limitations, we present the design and synthesis of γ-selenolysine, a selenol-containing form of the commonly modified proteinogenic amino acid, lysine. The utility of γ-selenolysine is demonstrated with the traceless ligation of the small ubiquitin-like modifier protein, SUMO-1, to a peptide segment of human glucokinase. The resulting polypeptide is poised for native chemical ligation and chemoselective deselenization in the presence of unprotected cysteine residues. Selenolysine's straightforward synthesis and incorporation into synthetic peptides marks it as a universal handle for conjugating any ubiquitin-like modifying protein to its target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Notis Dardashti
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Shailesh Kumar
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Shawn M Sternisha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Post Sai Reddy
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Brian G Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-4390, USA
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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Abstract
Protein semisynthesis-defined herein as the assembly of a protein from a combination of synthetic and recombinant fragments-is a burgeoning field of chemical biology that has impacted many areas in the life sciences. In this review, we provide a comprehensive survey of this area. We begin by discussing the various chemical and enzymatic methods now available for the manufacture of custom proteins containing noncoded elements. This section begins with a discussion of methods that are more chemical in origin and ends with those that employ biocatalysts. We also illustrate the commonalities that exist between these seemingly disparate methods and show how this is allowing for the development of integrated chemoenzymatic methods. This methodology discussion provides the technical foundation for the second part of the review where we cover the great many biological problems that have now been addressed using these tools. Finally, we end the piece with a short discussion on the frontiers of the field and the opportunities available for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom W. Muir
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Frick Laboratory, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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35
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Huang D, Montigny C, Zheng Y, Beswick V, Li Y, Cao X, Barbot T, Jaxel C, Liang J, Xue M, Tian C, Jamin N, Zheng J. Chemical Synthesis of Native S‐Palmitoylated Membrane Proteins through Removable‐Backbone‐Modification‐Assisted Ser/Thr Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:5178-5184. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201914836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Liang Huang
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Yong Zheng
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Veronica Beswick
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
- Department of PhysicsEvry-Val-d'Essonne University 91025 Evry France
| | - Ying Li
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Xiu‐Xiu Cao
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Thomas Barbot
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Christine Jaxel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Jun Liang
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Min Xue
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Chang‐Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Nadège Jamin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Ji‐Shen Zheng
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
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36
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Qu Q, Gao S, Wu F, Zhang M, Li Y, Zhang L, Bierer D, Tian C, Zheng J, Liu L. Synthesis of Disulfide Surrogate Peptides Incorporating Large‐Span Surrogate Bridges Through a Native‐Chemical‐Ligation‐Assisted Diaminodiacid Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201915358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Fangming Wu
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China
| | - Meng‐Ge Zhang
- School of Life SciencesHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Life SciencesHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Long‐Hua Zhang
- School of Life SciencesHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Donald Bierer
- Bayer AGDepartment of Medicinal Chemistry Aprather Weg 18A 42096 Wuppertal Germany
| | - Chang‐Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China
- School of Life SciencesHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Ji‐Shen Zheng
- School of Life SciencesHefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical BiologyCenter for Synthetic and Systems BiologyDepartment of ChemistryTsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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37
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Qu Q, Gao S, Wu F, Zhang MG, Li Y, Zhang LH, Bierer D, Tian CL, Zheng JS, Liu L. Synthesis of Disulfide Surrogate Peptides Incorporating Large-Span Surrogate Bridges Through a Native-Chemical-Ligation-Assisted Diaminodiacid Strategy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:6037-6045. [PMID: 32060988 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201915358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of synthetic bridges as surrogates for disulfide bonds has emerged as a practical strategy to obviate the poor stability of some disulfide-containing peptides. However, peptides incorporating large-span synthetic bridges are still beyond the reach of existing methods. Herein, we report a native chemical ligation (NCL)-assisted diaminodiacid (DADA) strategy that enables the robust generation of disulfide surrogate peptides incorporating surrogate bridges up to 50 amino acids in length. This strategy provides access to some highly desirable but otherwise impossible-to-obtain disulfide surrogates of bioactive peptide. The bioactivities and structures of the synthetic disulfide surrogates were verified by voltage clamp assays, NMR, and X-ray crystallography; and stability studies established that the disulfide replacements effectively overcame the problems of disulfide reduction and scrambling that often plague these pharmacologically important peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Qu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Fangming Wu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Meng-Ge Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Long-Hua Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Donald Bierer
- Bayer AG, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Aprather Weg 18A, 42096, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Chang-Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China.,School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Ji-Shen Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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38
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Huang D, Montigny C, Zheng Y, Beswick V, Li Y, Cao X, Barbot T, Jaxel C, Liang J, Xue M, Tian C, Jamin N, Zheng J. Chemical Synthesis of Native S‐Palmitoylated Membrane Proteins through Removable‐Backbone‐Modification‐Assisted Ser/Thr Ligation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201914836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dong‐Liang Huang
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Cédric Montigny
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Yong Zheng
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Veronica Beswick
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
- Department of PhysicsEvry-Val-d'Essonne University 91025 Evry France
| | - Ying Li
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Xiu‐Xiu Cao
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Thomas Barbot
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Christine Jaxel
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Jun Liang
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Min Xue
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Chang‐Lin Tian
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
| | - Nadège Jamin
- Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC)CEACNRSUniversité Paris-SudUniversité Paris-Saclay 91198 Gif-sur-Yvette cedex France
| | - Ji‐Shen Zheng
- High Magnetic Field LaboratoryChinese Academy of Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230027 China
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39
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Goncharenko KV, Flückiger S, Liao C, Lim D, Stampfli AR, Seebeck FP. Selenocysteine as a Substrate, an Inhibitor and a Mechanistic Probe for Bacterial and Fungal Iron-Dependent Sulfoxide Synthases. Chemistry 2020; 26:1328-1334. [PMID: 31545545 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Sulfoxide synthases are non-heme iron enzymes that participate in the biosynthesis of thiohistidines, such as ergothioneine and ovothiol A. The sulfoxide synthase EgtB from Chloracidobacterium thermophilum (CthEgtB) catalyzes oxidative coupling between the side chains of N-α-trimethyl histidine (TMH) and cysteine (Cys) in a reaction that entails complete reduction of molecular oxygen, carbon-sulfur (C-S) and sulfur-oxygen (S-O) bond formation as well as carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bond cleavage. In this report, we show that CthEgtB and other bacterial sulfoxide synthases cannot efficiently accept selenocysteine (SeCys) as a substrate in place of cysteine. In contrast, the sulfoxide synthase from the filamentous fungus Chaetomium thermophilum (CthEgt1) catalyzes C-S and C-Se bond formation at almost equal efficiency. We discuss evidence suggesting that this functional difference between bacterial and fungal sulfoxide synthases emerges from different modes of oxygen activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina V Goncharenko
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Flückiger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cangsong Liao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - David Lim
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anja R Stampfli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Florian P Seebeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 24a, 4002, Basel, Switzerland
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40
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Zhao Z, Metanis N. Utilizing Copper-Mediated Deprotection of Selenazolidine for Cyclic Peptide Synthesis. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1731-1739. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Givat Ram, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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41
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Chisholm TS, Kulkarni SS, Hossain KR, Cornelius F, Clarke RJ, Payne RJ. Peptide Ligation at High Dilution via Reductive Diselenide-Selenoester Ligation. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 142:1090-1100. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sameer S. Kulkarni
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | - Flemming Cornelius
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Ronald J. Clarke
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Richard J. Payne
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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42
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LU D, Yin H, Wang S, Tang F, Huang W, Wang P. Chemical Synthesis of the Homogeneous Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Through Se-Auxiliary-Mediated Ligation. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1652-1660. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dan LU
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongli Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feng Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Center for Biotherapeutics Discovery Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Center for Biotherapeutics Discovery Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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43
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Naruse N, Kobayashi D, Ohkawachi K, Shigenaga A, Otaka A. Copper-Mediated Deprotection of Thiazolidine and Selenazolidine Derivatives Applied to Native Chemical Ligation. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1425-1433. [PMID: 31592642 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cupric sulfate efficiently opens thiazolidine and selenazolidine rings, producing a protected N-terminal cysteine or selenocysteine derivative without the use of inert gas or solvent. This is a clear advantage over methods that use water-soluble palladium salts, which fail to react with the selenazolidine ring. This copper-mediated reaction proceeds with monovalent or divalent copper ions, and disulfide bond formation followed by ring-opening promotes the process. This copper-mediated reaction, which is compatible with the standard native chemical ligation conditions, was applied to the synthesis of the 77-mer CXCL14 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoto Naruse
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan
| | - Daishiro Kobayashi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan
| | - Kento Ohkawachi
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan
| | - Akira Shigenaga
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan
| | - Akira Otaka
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Tokushima University , Tokushima 770-8505 , Japan
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Jenny KA, Ste. Marie EJ, Mose G, Ruggles EL, Hondal RJ. Facile removal of 4-methoxybenzyl protecting group from selenocysteine. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3209. [PMID: 31410953 PMCID: PMC6851407 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, methods to remove the 4-methoxybenzyl (Mob)-protecting group from selenocysteine (Sec) in peptides have used harsh and toxic reagents. The use of 2,2'-dithiobis-5-nitropyridine (DTNP) is an improvement over these methods; however, many wash steps are required to remove the by-product contaminant 5-nitro-2-thiopyridine. Even with many washes, excess DTNP adheres to the peptide. The final product needs excess purification to remove these contaminants. It was recently discovered by our group that hindered hydrosilanes could be used to reduce Cys(Mob). We sought to apply a similar methodology to reduce Sec(Mob), which we expected to be even more labile. Here, we present a gentle and facile method for deprotection of Sec(Mob) using triethylsilane (TES), phenol, and a variety of other scavengers often used in deprotection cocktails. The different cocktails were all incubated at 40 °C for 4 hours. The combination of TFA/TES/thioanisole (96:2:2) appeared to be the most efficient of the cocktails tested, providing complete deprotection and yielded peptide that was mainly in the diselenide form. This cocktail also showed no evidence of side reactions or significant contaminants in the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectral (MS) analyses. We envision that our new method will allow for a simple and gentle "one-pot" deprotection of Sec(Mob) following solid-phase peptide synthesis and will minimize the need for extensive purification steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaelyn A. Jenny
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Emma J. Ste. Marie
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Gracyn Mose
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Erik L. Ruggles
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Robert J. Hondal
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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45
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Zhao Z, Metanis N. Copper‐Mediated Selenazolidine Deprotection Enables One‐Pot Chemical Synthesis of Challenging Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram Jerusalem 91904 Israel
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46
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Zhao Z, Metanis N. Copper-Mediated Selenazolidine Deprotection Enables One-Pot Chemical Synthesis of Challenging Proteins. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14610-14614. [PMID: 31408267 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
While chemical protein synthesis has granted access to challenging proteins, the synthesis of longer proteins is often limited by low abundance or non-strategic placement of cysteine residues, which are essential for native chemical ligations, as well as multiple purification and isolation steps. We describe the one-pot total synthesis of human thiosulfate:glutathione sulfurtransferase (TSTD1). WT-TSTD1 was synthesized in a C-to-N synthetic approach involving multiple NCL reactions, CuII -mediated deprotection of selenazolidine (Sez), and chemoselective deselenization. The seleno-analog Se-TSTD1, in which the active site Cys is replaced with selenocysteine, was also synthesized with a kinetically controlled ligation with an N-to-C synthetic approach. The catalytic activity of the two proteins indicated that Se-TSTD1 possessed only four-fold lower activity than WT-TSTD1, thus suggesting that selenoproteins can have physiologically comparable sulfutransferase activity to their cysteine counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenguang Zhao
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Norman Metanis
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra, Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
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47
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Metanis N, Notis Dardashti R, Mousa R, Weil-Ktorza O. Miklós Bodanszky Award Lecture: Selective chalcogen chemistry to study protein science. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3204. [PMID: 31407415 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, chemical protein synthesis and the development of chemoselective reactions-including ligation reactions-have led to significant breakthroughs in protein science. Among them are a better understanding of protein structure-function relationships, the study of protein posttranslational modifications, exploration of protein design, unnatural amino acid incorporation, and the study of therapeutic proteins and protein folding. Chalcogen chemistry, especially that of sulfur and selenium, is quite rich, and we have witnessed continuous progress in this field in recent years. In this short review, we will instead summarize three stories that we have recently presented on chalcogen chemistry and its impact on protein science, which was presented in the Miklós Bodanszky Award Lecture at the 35th European Peptide Society Meeting in Dublin, Ireland, 26 August 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norman Metanis
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Reem Mousa
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Orit Weil-Ktorza
- The Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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48
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Chow HY, Zhang Y, Matheson E, Li X. Ligation Technologies for the Synthesis of Cyclic Peptides. Chem Rev 2019; 119:9971-10001. [PMID: 31318534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic peptides have been attracting a lot of attention in recent decades, especially in the area of drug discovery, as more and more naturally occurring cyclic peptides with diverse biological activities have been discovered. Chemical synthesis of cyclic peptides is essential when studying their structure-activity relationships. Conventional peptide cyclization methods via direct coupling have inherent limitations, like the susceptibility to epimerization at the C-terminus, poor solubility of fully protected peptide precursors, and low yield caused by oligomerization. In this regard, chemoselective ligation-mediated cyclization methods have emerged as effective strategies for cyclic peptide synthesis. The toolbox for cyclic peptide synthesis has been expanded substantially in the past two decades, allowing more efficient synthesis of cyclic peptides with various scaffolds and modifications. This Review will explore different chemoselective ligation technologies used for cyclic peptide synthesis that generate both native and unnatural peptide linkages. The practical issues and limitations of different methods will be discussed. The advance in cyclic peptide synthesis will benefit the biological and medicinal study of cyclic peptides, an important class of macrocycles with potentials in numerous fields, notably in therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Yee Chow
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China
| | - Eilidh Matheson
- School of Chemistry , University of Edinburgh , Edinburgh EH8 9LE , United Kingdom
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry , The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road , Hong Kong SAR , P. R. China.,Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts , Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology , Qingdao 266237 , P. R. China
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49
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Yin H, Lu D, Wang S, Wang P. Development of Powerful Auxiliary-Mediated Ligation To Facilitate Rapid Protein Assembly. Org Lett 2019; 21:5138-5142. [PMID: 31247759 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b01737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Here, we describe an Se-auxiliary mediated ligation protocol capable of rapid native chemical ligations at sterically hindered junctions, followed by in situ auxiliary cleavage under neutral conditions without affecting unprotected Cys residues. This auxiliary, which is prepared from phenyl acetaldehyde in one step, can be conveniently attached to the N-terminal region of a peptide via a reductive amination or coupling reaction. We demonstrated this methodology by synthesizing two protein samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Yin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Dan Lu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Siyao Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
| | - Ping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Molecular Engineering of Chiral Drugs, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , 800 Dongchuan Road , Shanghai 200240 , P.R. China
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50
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Wehrle RJ, Ste Marie EJ, Hondal RJ, Masterson DS. Synthesis of alpha-methyl selenocysteine and its utilization as a glutathione peroxidase mimic. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3173. [PMID: 31074180 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Selenocysteine (Sec) is the 21st amino acid in the genetic code where this amino acid is primarily involved in redox reactions in enzymes because of its high reactivity toward oxygen and related reactive oxygen species. Sec has found wide utility in synthetic peptides, especially as a replacement for cysteine. One limitation of using Sec in synthetic peptides is that it can undergo β-syn elimination reactions after oxidation, rendering the peptide inactive due to loss of selenium. This limitation can be overcome by substituting Cα-H with a methyl group. The resulting Sec derivative is α-methylselenocysteine ((αMe)Sec). Here, we present a new strategy for the synthesis of (αMe)Sec by alkylation of an achiral methyl malonate through the use of a selenium-containing alkylating agent synthesized in the presence of dichloromethane. The seleno-malonate was then subjected to an enzymatic hydrolysis utilizing pig liver esterase followed by a Curtius rearrangement producing a protected derivative of (αMe)Sec that could be used in solid-phase peptide synthesis. We then synthesized two peptides: one containing Sec and the other containing (αMe)Sec, based on the sequence of glutathione peroxidase. This is the first reported incorporation of (αMe)Sec into a peptide as well as the first reported biochemical application of this unique amino acid. The (αMe)Sec-containing peptide had superior stability as it could not undergo β-syn elimination and it also avoided cleavage of the peptide backbone, which we surprisingly found to be the case for the Sec-containing peptide when it was incubated for 96 hours in oxygenated buffer at pH 8.0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Wehrle
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - Emma J Ste Marie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Robert J Hondal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT
| | - Douglas S Masterson
- School of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
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