1
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Lionetti D, Suseno S, Shiau AA, de Ruiter G, Agapie T. Redox Processes Involving Oxygen: The Surprising Influence of Redox-Inactive Lewis Acids. JACS AU 2024; 4:344-368. [PMID: 38425928 PMCID: PMC10900226 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Metalloenzymes with heteromultimetallic active sites perform chemical reactions that control several biogeochemical cycles. Transformations catalyzed by such enzymes include dioxygen generation and reduction, dinitrogen reduction, and carbon dioxide reduction-instrumental transformations for progress in the context of artificial photosynthesis and sustainable fertilizer production. While the roles of the respective metals are of interest in all these enzymatic transformations, they share a common factor in the transfer of one or multiple redox equivalents. In light of this feature, it is surprising to find that incorporation of redox-inactive metals into the active site of such an enzyme is critical to its function. To illustrate, the presence of a redox-inactive Ca2+ center is crucial in the Oxygen Evolving Complex, and yet particularly intriguing given that the transformation catalyzed by this cluster is a redox process involving four electrons. Therefore, the effects of redox inactive metals on redox processes-electron transfer, oxygen- and hydrogen-atom transfer, and O-O bond cleavage and formation reactions-mediated by transition metals have been studied extensively. Significant effects of redox inactive metals have been observed on these redox transformations; linear free energy correlations between Lewis acidity and the redox properties of synthetic model complexes are observed for several reactions. In this Perspective, these effects and their relevance to multielectron processes will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sandy Suseno
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Angela A. Shiau
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Theodor Agapie
- Division of Chemistry and
Chemical Engineering, California Institute
of Technology, 1200 East California Boulevard, MC 127-72, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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2
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Boggiano AC, Studvick CM, Steiner A, Bacsa J, Popov IA, La Pierre HS. Structural distortion by alkali metal cations modulates the redox and electronic properties of Ce 3+ imidophosphorane complexes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11708-11717. [PMID: 37920331 PMCID: PMC10619540 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04262f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of Ce3+ complexes with counter cations ranging from Li to Cs are presented. Cyclic voltammetry data indicate a significant dependence of the oxidation potential on the alkali metal identity. Analysis of the single-crystal X-ray diffraction data indicates that the degree of structural distortion of the secondary coordination sphere is linearly correlated with the measured oxidation potential. Solution electronic absorption spectroscopy confirms that the structural distortion is reflected in the solution structure. Computational studies further validate this analysis, deciphering the impact of alkali metal cations on the Ce atomic orbital contributions, differences in energies of Ce-dominant molecular orbitals, energy shift of the 4f-5d electronic transitions, and degree of structural distortions. In sum, the structural impact of the alkali metal cation is demonstrated to modulate the redox and electronic properties of the Ce3+ complexes, and provides insight into the rational tuning of the Ce3+ imidophosphorane complex oxidation potential through alkali metal identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C Boggiano
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
| | - Chad M Studvick
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron Akron Ohio 44325-3601 USA
| | - Alexander Steiner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool Liverpool L69 7ZD UK
| | - John Bacsa
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
| | - Ivan A Popov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron Akron Ohio 44325-3601 USA
| | - Henry S La Pierre
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
- Nuclear and Radiological Engineering and Medical Physics Program, School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia 30332-0400 USA
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3
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Voskresenskaya OO. Hydrolysis and Complex Formation of Cerium(IV) with Dioxysuccinic Acid in Sulfate Solutions. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023622070233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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4
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Willauer AR, Douair I, Chauvin AS, Fadaei-Tirani F, Bünzli JCG, Maron L, Mazzanti M. Structure, reactivity and luminescence studies of triphenylsiloxide complexes of tetravalent lanthanides. Chem Sci 2022; 13:681-691. [PMID: 35173932 PMCID: PMC8769062 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05517h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Among the 14 lanthanide elements (Ce–Lu), until recently, the tetravalent oxidation state was readily accessible in solution only for cerium while Pr(iv), Nd(iv), Dy(iv) and Tb(iv) had only been detected in the solid state. The triphenylsiloxide ligand recently allowed the isolation of molecular complexes of Tb(iv) and Pr(iv) providing an unique opportunity of investigating the luminescent properties of Ln(iv) ions. Here we have expanded the coordination studies of the triphenylsiloxide ligand with Ln(iii) and Ln(iv) ions and we report the first observed luminescence emission spectra of Pr(iv) complexes which are assigned to a ligand-based emission on the basis of the measured lifetime and computational studies. Binding of the ligand to the Pr(iv) ion leads to an unprecedented large shift of the ligand triplet state which is relevant for future applications in materials science. The first observed luminescence emission spectra of Pr(iv) complexes are assigned to a ligand-based emission. Binding of the triphenylsiloxide ligand to the Pr(iv) ion leads to an unprecedented large red shift of its triplet state.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien R Willauer
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Iskander Douair
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Anne-Sophie Chauvin
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Jean-Claude G Bünzli
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech) Shenzhen China
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées 31077 Toulouse France
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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5
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Wacker JN, Nicholas AD, Vasiliu M, Marwitz AC, Bertke JA, Dixon DA, Knope KE. Impact of Noncovalent Interactions on the Structural Chemistry of Thorium(IV)-Aquo-Chloro Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:6375-6390. [PMID: 33885290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Five novel tetravalent thorium (Th) compounds that consist of Th(H2O)xCly structural units were isolated from acidic aqueous solutions using a series of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic hydrogen (H) bond donors. Taken together with three previously reported phases, the compounds provide a series of monomeric ThIV complexes wherein the effects of noncovalent interactions (and H-bond donor identity) on Th structural chemistry can be examined. Seven distinct structural units of the general formulas [Th(H2O)xCl8-x]x-4 (x = 2, 4) and [Th(H2O)xCl9-x]x-5 (x = 5-7) are described. The complexes range from chloride-deficient [Th(H2O)7Cl2]2+ to chloride-rich [Th(H2O)2Cl6]2- species, and theory was used to understand the relative energies that separate complexes within this series via the stepwise chloride addition to an aquated Th cation. Electronic structure theory predicted the reaction energies of chloride addition and release of water through a series of transformations, generally highlighting an energetic driving force for chloride complexation. To probe the role of the counterion in the stabilization of these complexes, electrostatic potential (ESP) surfaces were calculated. The ESP surfaces indicated a dependence of the chloride distribution about the Th metal center on the pKa of the countercation, highlighting the directing effects of noncovalent interactions (e.g., Hbonding) on Th speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer N Wacker
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Aaron D Nicholas
- Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Monica Vasiliu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Alexander C Marwitz
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - Jeffery A Bertke
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
| | - David A Dixon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Karah E Knope
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057, United States
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6
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Kovacs D, Kocsi D, Wells JAL, Kiraev SR, Borbas KE. Electron transfer pathways in photoexcited lanthanide(iii) complexes of picolinate ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:4244-4254. [PMID: 33688904 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt00616a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A series of luminescent lanthanide(iii) complexes consisting of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane frameworks and three secondary amide-linked carbostyril antennae were synthesised. The metal binding sites were augmented with two pyridylcarboxylate donors yielding octadentate ligands. The antennae carried methyl, methoxymethyl or trifluoromethyl substituents in their 4-positions, allowing for a range of excited state energies and antenna electronic properties. The 1H NMR spectra of the Eu(iii) complexes were found to be analogous to each other. Similar results were obtained in the solid-state by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, which showed the structures to have nine-coordinate metal ions with heavily distorted tricapped trigonal prismatic geometries. Steady-state and time-resolved luminescence spectroscopy showed that the antennae could sensitize both Tb(iii) and Eu(iii), however, quantum yields were lower than in other octadentate complexes lacking pyridylcarboxylate. Complexes with more electron-poor pyridines were less emissive even when equipped with the same antenna. The oxidation and reduction potentials of the antennae and the pyridinecarboxylates, respectively, were determined by cyclic voltammetry. The obtained values were consistent with electron transfer from the excited antenna to the pyridine providing a previously unexplored quenching pathway that could efficiently compete with energy transfer to the lanthanide. These results show the crucial impact that photophysically innocent ligand binding sites can have on lanthanide luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, Ångström Laboratory, Box 523, Uppsala University, 75120, Uppsala, Sweden.
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7
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Hay MA, Boskovic C. Lanthanoid Complexes as Molecular Materials: The Redox Approach. Chemistry 2021; 27:3608-3637. [PMID: 32965741 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The development of molecular materials with novel functionality offers promise for technological innovation. Switchable molecules that incorporate redox-active components are enticing candidate compounds due to their potential for electronic manipulation. Lanthanoid metals are most prevalent in their trivalent state and usually redox-activity in lanthanoid complexes is restricted to the ligand. The unique electronic and physical properties of lanthanoid ions have been exploited for various applications, including in magnetic and luminescent materials as well as in catalysis. Lanthanoid complexes are also promising for applications reliant on switchability, where the physical properties can be modulated by varying the oxidation state of a coordinated ligand. Lanthanoid-based redox activity is also possible, encompassing both divalent and tetravalent metal oxidation states. Thus, utilization of redox-active lanthanoid metals offers an attractive opportunity to further expand the capabilities of molecular materials. This review surveys both ligand and lanthanoid centered redox-activity in pre-existing molecular systems, including tuning of lanthanoid magnetic and photophysical properties by modulating the redox states of coordinated ligands. Ultimately the combination of redox-activity at both ligands and metal centers in the same molecule can afford novel electronic structures and physical properties, including multiconfigurational electronic states and valence tautomerism. Further targeted exploration of these features is clearly warranted, both to enhance understanding of the underlying fundamental chemistry, and for the generation of a potentially important new class of molecular material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moya A Hay
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Colette Boskovic
- School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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8
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Werner D, Bayer U, Schädle D, Anwander R. Emergence of a New [NNN] Pincer Ligand via Si-H Bond Activation and β-Hydride Abstraction at Tetravalent Cerium. Chemistry 2020; 26:12194-12205. [PMID: 32239686 PMCID: PMC7540680 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The cerium(IV) pyrazolate complexes [Ce(Me2 pz)4 ]2 and [Ce(Me2 pz)4 (thf)] initiate β-hydride abstraction of the bis(dimethylsilyl)amido moiety, to afford a heteroleptic cerium(IV) species containing a dimethylpyrazolyl-substituted silylamido ligand, namely [Ce(Me2 pz)3 (bpsa)] (bpsa=bis((3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)dimethylsilyl)amido; Me2 pz =3,5-dimethylpyrazolato), along with some cerium(III) species. Remarkably, the nucleophilic attack of the pyrazolyl at the silicon atom and concomitant Si-H-bond cleavage is restricted to the tetravalent cerium oxidation state and appears to proceed via the formation of a transient cerium(IV) hydride, which engages in immediate redox chemistry. When [Ce(Me2 pz)4 ]2 is treated with [Li{N(SiMe3 )2 }], that is, in the absence of the SiH functionality, any redox chemistry did not occur. Instead, the ceric ate complex [LiCe2 (Me2 pz)9 ] and the stable mixed-ligand ceric species [Ce(Me2 pz)2 {N(SiMe3 )2 }2 ] were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Werner
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Tübingen (EKUT)Auf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Uwe Bayer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Tübingen (EKUT)Auf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Tübingen (EKUT)Auf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversity of Tübingen (EKUT)Auf der Morgenstelle 1872076TübingenGermany
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9
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Arnold PL, Wang K, Gray SJ, Moreau LM, Booth CH, Curcio M, Wells JAL, Slawin AMZ. Dicerium letterbox-shaped tetraphenolates: f-block complexes designed for two-electron chemistry. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:877-884. [PMID: 31859325 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03291f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Rare examples of molecular, dinuclear CeIII and PrIII complexes with robust Ln-coordination are accessible by use of the tetraphenolate pTP as a supporting, chelating O-donor ligand platform, pTP = [{2-(OC6H2R2-2,4)2CH}-C6H4-1,4]4- that favours the higher formal oxidation states accessible to rare earths. Two classes of complexes have been made from the platforms; one metallacyclic 2 + 2 [Ln2(pTP)2] framework with a rigid, letterbox-shaped geometry and [Ln(aryloxide)4] core, and one more flexible [(LnX)2(pTP)] with one rare earth ion at either end of the platform. The LnIII letterbox complexes have two K+ counter-cations, one of which sits inside the letterbox, binding the two central arenes of the platform sufficiently strongly that it cannot be displaced by solvent molecules (THF and pyridine) or crown ethers. Oxidation of the CeIII lettterboxes is facile and forms the unusual neutral molecular (CeIV)2 letterbox in which the CeIV reduction potential is -1.83 V vs. Fc/Fc+. The electronic structure of the Ce(iii/iv) complexes was investigated using HERFD-XAS (high energy resolution fluorescence detection X-ray absorption spectroscopy).
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly L Arnold
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3JJ, UK.
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10
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Gompa TP, Ramanathan A, Rice NT, La Pierre HS. The chemical and physical properties of tetravalent lanthanides: Pr, Nd, Tb, and Dy. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:15945-15987. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01400a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The thermochemistry, descriptive chemistry, spectroscopy, and physical properties of the tetravalent lanthanides (Pr, Nd, Tb and Dy) in extended phases, gas phase, solution, and as isolable molecular complexes are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaige P. Gompa
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Arun Ramanathan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Natalie T. Rice
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
| | - Henry S. La Pierre
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Georgia Institute of Technology
- Atlanta
- USA
- Nuclear and Radiological Engineering Program
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11
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Voskresenskaya OO, Skorik NA, Sokovikova NI. Stability Constants and Rate Constants of Intramolecular Redox Decomposition of Cerium(IV) Complexes with Certain Hydroxycarboxylic Acids in Nitrate Medium. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023619100176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Rice NT, Popov IA, Russo DR, Bacsa J, Batista ER, Yang P, Telser J, La Pierre HS. Design, Isolation, and Spectroscopic Analysis of a Tetravalent Terbium Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:13222-13233. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b06622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivan A. Popov
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | | | - Enrique R. Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Science, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
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13
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Palumbo CT, Zivkovic I, Scopelliti R, Mazzanti M. Molecular Complex of Tb in the +4 Oxidation State. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:9827-9831. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chad T. Palumbo
- Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ivica Zivkovic
- Laboratory for Quantum Magnetism, Institute of Physics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Insititut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Rice NT, Su J, Gompa TP, Russo DR, Telser J, Palatinus L, Bacsa J, Yang P, Batista ER, La Pierre HS. Homoleptic Imidophosphorane Stabilization of Tetravalent Cerium. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:5289-5304. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jing Su
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | | | | | - Joshua Telser
- Department of Biological, Physical and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, Illinois 60605, United States
| | - Lukas Palatinus
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 6, Czechia
| | | | - Ping Yang
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Enrique R. Batista
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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15
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Ion association with tetra-n-alkylammonium cations stabilizes higher-oxidation-state neptunium dioxocations. Nat Commun 2019; 10:59. [PMID: 30610189 PMCID: PMC6320366 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07982-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-coordination sphere interactions between dissolved metals and other ions, including electrolyte cations, are not known to perturb the electrochemical behavior of metal cations in water. Herein, we report the stabilization of higher-oxidation-state Np dioxocations in aqueous chloride solutions by hydrophobic tetra-n-alkylammonium (TAA+) cations—an effect not exerted by fully hydrated Li+ cations under similar conditions. Experimental and molecular dynamics simulation results indicate that TAA+ cations not only drive enhanced coordination of anionic Cl– ligands to NpV/VI but also associate with the resulting Np complexes via non-covalent interactions, which together decrease the electrode potential of the NpVI/NpV couple by up to 220 mV (ΔΔG = −22.2 kJ mol−1). Understanding the solvation-dependent interplay between electrolyte cations and metal–oxo species opens an avenue for controlling the formation and redox properties of metal complexes in solution. It also provides valuable mechanistic insights into actinide separation processes that widely use quaternary ammonium cations as extractants or in room temperature ionic liquids. The electrochemical behaviour of redox-active metal cations foremost depends on the metal centre’s inner-sphere coordination environment. Here the authors show that electrolyte cations unexpectedly stabilize higher-oxidation-state neptunium dioxocations in water through extended-coordination sphere interactions.
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16
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Thim R, Schädle D, Maichle‐Mössmer C, Anwander R. Rare‐Earth Metal Diimide Complexes via Alkylaluminate Templating, Including a Ceric Derivative. Chemistry 2018; 25:507-511. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renita Thim
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Dorothea Schädle
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Cäcilia Maichle‐Mössmer
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieEberhard Karls Universität Tübingen Auf der Morgenstelle 18 72076 Tübingen Germany
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17
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Suta M, Harmgarth N, Kühling M, Liebing P, Edelmann FT, Wickleder C. Bright Photoluminescence of [{(CptBu2
)2
Ce(μ
-Cl)}2
]: A Valuable Technique for the Determination of the Oxidation State of Cerium. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:1038-1044. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201701818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Suta
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; University of Siegen; Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2 57068 Siegen Germany
| | - Nicole Harmgarth
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg; Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - Marcel Kühling
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg; Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - Phil Liebing
- Laboratory for Inorganic Chemistry; ETH Zürich; Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1-5/10 8093 Zürich Switzerland
| | - Frank T. Edelmann
- Chemisches Institut der Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg; Universitätsplatz 2 39106 Magdeburg Germany
| | - Claudia Wickleder
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Science and Technology; University of Siegen; Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2 57068 Siegen Germany
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18
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Werner D, Deacon GB, Junk PC, Anwander R. Pyrazolates advance cerium chemistry: a Ce III/Ce IV redox equilibrium with benzoquinone. Dalton Trans 2018; 46:6265-6277. [PMID: 28443879 DOI: 10.1039/c7dt00635g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Two stable cerium(iv) 3,5-dialkylpyrazolate complexes are presented, namely dimeric [Ce(Me2pz)4]2 (Me2pz = 3,5-dimethylpyrazolate) and monomeric Ce(tBu2pz)4 (tBu2pz = 3,5-di-tert-butylpyrazolate) along with their trivalent counterparts [Ce(Me2pz)3] and [Ce(tBu2pz)3]2. All complexes were obtained from protonolysis reactions employing the silylamide precursors Ce[N(SiHMe2)2]4 and Ce[N(SiMe3)2]3. Treatment of homoleptic CeIV and CeIII Me2pz complexes with 1,4-hydroquinone (H2hq) or 1,4-benzoquinone (bq), respectively, ultimately gave the same trimetallic CeIII species via a cerium redox equilibrium. The CeIII complex Ce3(Me2pz)5(pchd)2(L) (pchd = 1,4-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)cyclohex-2,5-diene-1,4-diolato; L = Me2pzH or (thf)2) results from a di-1,4-pyrazolyl attack on pre-coordinated bq. The reduction of bq by [Ce(Me2pz)3(thf)]2, and re-oxidation by the resulting CeIV species was supported by UV-vis spectroscopic investigations. Comparisons with the redox-innocent complexes [Ln(Me2pz)3(thf)]2 (Ln = La and Pr) revealed far less selective reactions with bq, giving hexametallic and octametallic rare-earth metal side products containing 2-Me2pz substituted hq ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Werner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen (EKUT), Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076, Germany.
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19
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Friedrich J, Qiao Y, Maichle-Mössmer C, Schelter EJ, Anwander R. Redox-enhanced hemilability of a tris(tert-butoxy)siloxy ligand at cerium. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:10113-10123. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt01878b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Combined structural/electrochemical/computational studies of ceric Ce[OSi(OtBu)3]4 and cerous [Ce{OSi(OtBu)3}4][K(2.2.2-crypt)] suggest a redox-modulated coordination switch of a tris(tert-butoxy)siloxy ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Friedrich
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
| | - Yusen Qiao
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | | | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Reiner Anwander
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie
- Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
- 72076 Tübingen
- Germany
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20
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Kelly RP, Maron L, Scopelliti R, Mazzanti M. Reduction of a Cerium(III) Siloxide Complex To Afford a Quadruple-Decker Arene-Bridged Cerium(II) Sandwich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:15663-15666. [PMID: 29034561 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201709769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic multi-decker sandwich complexes containing f-elements remain rare, despite their attractive magnetic and electronic properties. The reduction of the CeIII siloxide complex, [KCeL4 ] (1; L=OSi(OtBu)3 ), with excess potassium in a THF/toluene mixture afforded a quadruple-decker arene-bridged complex, [K(2.2.2-crypt)]2 [{(KL3 Ce)(μ-η6 :η6 -C7 H8 )}2 Ce] (3). The structure of 3 features a [Ce(C7 H8 )2 ] sandwich capped by [KL3 Ce] moieties with a linear arrangement of the Ce ions. Structural parameters, UV/Vis/NIR data, and DFT studies indicate the presence of CeII ions involved in δ bonding between the Ce cations and toluene dianions. Complex 3 is a rare lanthanide multi-decker complex and the first containing non-classical divalent lanthanide ions. Moreover, oxidation of 1 by AgOTf (OTf=O3 SCF3 ) yielded the CeIV complex, [CeL4 ] (2), showing that siloxide ligands can stabilize Ce in three oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory P Kelly
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, 31077, Toulouse, Cedex 4, France
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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21
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Kelly RP, Maron L, Scopelliti R, Mazzanti M. Reduction of a Cerium(III) Siloxide Complex To Afford a Quadruple-Decker Arene-Bridged Cerium(II) Sandwich. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201709769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rory P. Kelly
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets; Institut National des Sciences Appliquées; 31077 Toulouse, Cedex 4 France
| | - Rosario Scopelliti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Marinella Mazzanti
- Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques; Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL); 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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22
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Zabula AV, Qiao Y, Kosanovich AJ, Cheisson T, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Ozerov OV, Schelter EJ. Structure, Electronics and Reactivity of Ce(PNP) Complexes. Chemistry 2017; 23:17923-17934. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V. Zabula
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Yusen Qiao
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Alex J. Kosanovich
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Oleg V. Ozerov
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
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23
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24
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Voskresenskaya OO, Skorik NA, Stepanova NV. Thermodynamic and kinetic stability of cerium(IV) complexes with a series of aminopolyacetic acids. RUSS J APPL CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070427216110033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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25
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Ortu F, Liu J, Burton M, Fowler JM, Formanuik A, Boulon ME, Chilton NF, Mills DP. Analysis of Lanthanide-Radical Magnetic Interactions in Ce(III) 2,2′-Bipyridyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2496-2505. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Ortu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jingjing Liu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Matthew Burton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jonathan M. Fowler
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Alasdair Formanuik
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | | | - Nicholas F. Chilton
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - David P. Mills
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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26
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Gregson M, Lu E, Mills DP, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Hennig C, Scheinost AC, McMaster J, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Kerridge A, Liddle ST. The inverse-trans-influence in tetravalent lanthanide and actinide bis(carbene) complexes. Nat Commun 2017; 8:14137. [PMID: 28155857 PMCID: PMC5296655 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms14137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Across the periodic table the trans-influence operates, whereby tightly bonded ligands selectively lengthen mutually trans metal-ligand bonds. Conversely, in high oxidation state actinide complexes the inverse-trans-influence operates, where normally cis strongly donating ligands instead reside trans and actually reinforce each other. However, because the inverse-trans-influence is restricted to high-valent actinyls and a few uranium(V/VI) complexes, it has had limited scope in an area with few unifying rules. Here we report tetravalent cerium, uranium and thorium bis(carbene) complexes with trans C=M=C cores where experimental and theoretical data suggest the presence of an inverse-trans-influence. Studies of hypothetical praseodymium(IV) and terbium(IV) analogues suggest the inverse-trans-influence may extend to these ions but it also diminishes significantly as the 4f orbitals are populated. This work suggests that the inverse-trans-influence may occur beyond high oxidation state 5f metals and hence could encompass mid-range oxidation state actinides and lanthanides. Thus, the inverse-trans-influence might be a more general f-block principle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gregson
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - David P. Mills
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- EPSRC National UK EPR Facility, School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- EPSRC National UK EPR Facility, School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Christoph Hennig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01314 Dresden, Germany
- The Rossendorf Beamline, ESRF, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Andreas C. Scheinost
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, D-01314 Dresden, Germany
- The Rossendorf Beamline, ESRF, BP 220, F-38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Alexander J. Blake
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Andrew Kerridge
- Department of Chemistry, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YB, UK
| | - Stephen T. Liddle
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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27
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Pham TA, Altman AB, Stieber SCE, Booth CH, Kozimor SA, Lukens WW, Olive DT, Tyliszczak T, Wang J, Minasian SG, Raymond KN. A Macrocyclic Chelator That Selectively Binds Ln4+ over Ln3+ by a Factor of 1029. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:9989-10002. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany A. Pham
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Alison B. Altman
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - S. Chantal E. Stieber
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los
Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, California 91768, United States
| | - Corwin H. Booth
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Stosh A. Kozimor
- Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), Los
Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Wayne W. Lukens
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Daniel T. Olive
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tolek Tyliszczak
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source (CLS), Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Stefan G. Minasian
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kenneth N. Raymond
- University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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28
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Gregson M, Lu E, Tuna F, McInnes EJL, Hennig C, Scheinost AC, McMaster J, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Kerridge A, Liddle ST. Emergence of comparable covalency in isostructural cerium(iv)- and uranium(iv)-carbon multiple bonds. Chem Sci 2016; 7:3286-3297. [PMID: 29997821 PMCID: PMC6006499 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc00278a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report comparable levels of covalency in cerium- and uranium-carbon multiple bonds in the iso-structural carbene complexes [M(BIPMTMS)(ODipp)2] [M = Ce (1), U (2), Th (3); BIPMTMS = C(PPh2NSiMe3)2; Dipp = C6H3-2,6-iPr2] whereas for M = Th the M[double bond, length as m-dash]C bond interaction is much more ionic. On the basis of single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR, IR, EPR, and XANES spectroscopies, and SQUID magnetometry complexes 1-3 are confirmed formally as bona fide metal(iv) complexes. In order to avoid the deficiencies of orbital-based theoretical analysis approaches we probed the bonding of 1-3 via analysis of RASSCF- and CASSCF-derived densities that explicitly treats the orbital energy near-degeneracy and overlap contributions to covalency. For these complexes similar levels of covalency are found for cerium(iv) and uranium(iv), whereas thorium(iv) is found to be more ionic, and this trend is independently found in all computational methods employed. The computationally determined trends in covalency of these systems of Ce ∼ U > Th are also reproduced in experimental exchange reactions of 1-3 with MCl4 salts where 1 and 2 do not exchange with ThCl4, but 3 does exchange with MCl4 (M = Ce, U) and 1 and 2 react with UCl4 and CeCl4, respectively, to establish equilibria. This study therefore provides complementary theoretical and experimental evidence that contrasts to the accepted description that generally lanthanide-ligand bonding in non-zero oxidation state complexes is overwhelmingly ionic but that of uranium is more covalent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gregson
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Erli Lu
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
| | - Floriana Tuna
- EPSRC National UK EPR Facility , School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- EPSRC National UK EPR Facility , School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - Christoph Hennig
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Institute of Resource Ecology , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , D-01314 Dresden , Germany
- The Rossendorf Beamline , ESRF , BP 220 , F-38043 Grenoble , France
| | - Andreas C Scheinost
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf , Institute of Resource Ecology , Bautzner Landstrasse 400 , D-01314 Dresden , Germany
- The Rossendorf Beamline , ESRF , BP 220 , F-38043 Grenoble , France
| | - Jonathan McMaster
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Alexander J Blake
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Andrew Kerridge
- Department of Chemistry , Lancaster University , Lancaster , LA1 4YB , UK .
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK .
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29
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Levin JR, Cheisson T, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Accessing relatively electron poor cerium(iv) hydrazido complexes by lithium cation promoted ligand reduction. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:15249-58. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03154d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of substituted N,N′-diarylhydrazines (ArNHNHAr) were reacted with Ce(iii)[N(SiMe3)2]3 and LiN(SiMe3)2 to form complexes of general formula Li4(OEt2)4 [Ce(iv)(ArNNAr)4] where the spectroscopic and redox properties were affected by the ligand substitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R. Levin
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pennsylvania
- Philadelphia
- USA
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