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Dey J, Kaltenberger S, van Gemmeren M. Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Nondirected Late-Stage C(sp 2)-H Deuteration of Heteroarenes Enabled Through a Multi-Substrate Screening Approach. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404421. [PMID: 38512005 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The importance of deuterium labelling in a variety of applications, ranging from mechanistic studies to drug-discovery, has spurred immense interest in the development of new methods for its efficient incorporation in organic, and especially in bioactive molecules. The five-membered heteroarenes at the center of this work are ubiquitous motifs in bioactive molecules and efficient methods for the deuterium labelling of these compounds are therefore highly desirable. However, the profound differences in chemical properties encountered between different heteroarenes hamper the development of a single set of broadly applicable reaction conditions, often necessitating a separate optimization campaign for a given type of heteroarene. In this study we describe the use of a multi-substrate screening approach to identify optimal reaction conditions for different classes of heteroarenes from a minimal number of screening reactions. Using this approach, four sets of complementary reaction conditions derived from our dual ligand-based palladium catalysts for nondirected C(sp2)-H activation were identified, that together enable the deuteration of structurally diverse heteroarenes, including bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyotirmoy Dey
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Simon Kaltenberger
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel van Gemmeren
- Otto-Diels-Institut für Organische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, 24098, Kiel, Germany
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2
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Fogel M, Koide K. Recent Progress on One-Pot Multisubstrate Screening. Org Process Res Dev 2023; 27:1235-1247. [PMID: 37529075 PMCID: PMC10389808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.3c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, new synthetic reactions have been developed using a model substrate to screen reaction conditions before testing the optimized conditions with a range of more complex substrates. In 1998, Gao and Kagan pooled multiple substrates in one pot to study the generality of an enantioselective method. Although such one-pot multisubstrate screenings may be powerful, few applications have appeared in the literature. With the advancement of various chromatography techniques, it may be time to revisit this underutilized platform. This review article discusses the applications of one-pot multisubstrate screenings as a method for developing new synthetic methods.
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Ramos De Dios SM, Tiwari VK, McCune CD, Dhokale RA, Berkowitz DB. Biomacromolecule-Assisted Screening for Reaction Discovery and Catalyst Optimization. Chem Rev 2022; 122:13800-13880. [PMID: 35904776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction discovery and catalyst screening lie at the heart of synthetic organic chemistry. While there are efforts at de novo catalyst design using computation/artificial intelligence, at its core, synthetic chemistry is an experimental science. This review overviews biomacromolecule-assisted screening methods and the follow-on elaboration of chemistry so discovered. All three types of biomacromolecules discussed─enzymes, antibodies, and nucleic acids─have been used as "sensors" to provide a readout on product chirality exploiting their native chirality. Enzymatic sensing methods yield both UV-spectrophotometric and visible, colorimetric readouts. Antibody sensors provide direct fluorescent readout upon analyte binding in some cases or provide for cat-ELISA (Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay)-type readouts. DNA biomacromolecule-assisted screening allows for templation to facilitate reaction discovery, driving bimolecular reactions into a pseudo-unimolecular format. In addition, the ability to use DNA-encoded libraries permits the barcoding of reactants. All three types of biomacromolecule-based screens afford high sensitivity and selectivity. Among the chemical transformations discovered by enzymatic screening methods are the first Ni(0)-mediated asymmetric allylic amination and a new thiocyanopalladation/carbocyclization transformation in which both C-SCN and C-C bonds are fashioned sequentially. Cat-ELISA screening has identified new classes of sydnone-alkyne cycloadditions, and DNA-encoded screening has been exploited to uncover interesting oxidative Pd-mediated amido-alkyne/alkene coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Virendra K Tiwari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Christopher D McCune
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Ranjeet A Dhokale
- Higuchi Biosciences Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - David B Berkowitz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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Kempa EE, Galman JL, Parmeggiani F, Marshall JR, Malassis J, Fontenelle CQ, Vendeville JB, Linclau B, Charnock SJ, Flitsch SL, Turner NJ, Barran PE. Rapid Screening of Diverse Biotransformations for Enzyme Evolution. JACS AU 2021; 1:508-516. [PMID: 34056634 PMCID: PMC8154213 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The lack of label-free high-throughput screening technologies presents a major bottleneck in the identification of active and selective biocatalysts, with the number of variants often exceeding the capacity of traditional analytical platforms to assess their activity in a practical time scale. Here, we show the application of direct infusion of biotransformations to the mass spectrometer (DiBT-MS) screening to a variety of enzymes, in different formats, achieving sample throughputs equivalent to ∼40 s per sample. The heat map output allows rapid selection of active enzymes within 96-well plates facilitating identification of industrially relevant biocatalysts. This DiBT-MS screening workflow has been applied to the directed evolution of a phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) as a case study, enhancing its activity toward electron-rich cinnamic acid derivatives which are relevant to lignocellulosic biomass degradation. Additional benefits of the screening platform include the discovery of biocatalysts (kinases, imine reductases) with novel activities and the incorporation of ion mobility technology for the identification of product hits with increased confidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily E Kempa
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - James L Galman
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "G. Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - James R Marshall
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Julien Malassis
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Clement Q Fontenelle
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Bruno Linclau
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, SO17 1BJ Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Simon J Charnock
- Prozomix Ltd., Building 4, West End Ind. Estate, Haltwhistle, Northumberland NE49 9HA, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine L Flitsch
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Perdita E Barran
- School of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
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5
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Mandai K, Tsuchihashi Y, Ashikari Y, Yoshida JI, Nagaki A. 18O-Labeled chiral compounds enable the facile determination of enantioselectivity by mass spectroscopy. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Zühlke M, Sass S, Riebe D, Beitz T, Löhmannsröben HG. Real-Time Reaction Monitoring of an Organic Multistep Reaction by Electrospray Ionization-Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Chempluschem 2017; 82:1266-1273. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201700296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Revised: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zühlke
- University of Potsdam; Physical Chemistry; Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Stephan Sass
- University of Potsdam; Physical Chemistry; Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Daniel Riebe
- University of Potsdam; Physical Chemistry; Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Toralf Beitz
- University of Potsdam; Physical Chemistry; Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
| | - Hans-Gerd Löhmannsröben
- University of Potsdam; Physical Chemistry; Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25 14476 Potsdam-Golm Germany
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Yan C, Parmeggiani F, Jones EA, Claude E, Hussain SA, Turner NJ, Flitsch SL, Barran PE. Real-Time Screening of Biocatalysts in Live Bacterial Colonies. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1408-1411. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cunyu Yan
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Fabio Parmeggiani
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Emrys A. Jones
- Waters Corp., Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX, Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Emmanuelle Claude
- Waters Corp., Stamford
Avenue, Altrincham Road, SK9 4AX, Wilmslow, United Kingdom
| | - Shaneela A. Hussain
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J. Turner
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sabine L. Flitsch
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Perdita E. Barran
- Manchester
Synthetic Biology Research Centre for Fine and Speciality Chemicals
(SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, M1 7DN, Manchester, United Kingdom
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SYNBIOCHEM Synthetic Biology Research Centre, Manchester - A UK foundry for fine and speciality chemicals production. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2016; 1:271-275. [PMID: 29062953 PMCID: PMC5625740 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The UK Synthetic Biology Research Centre, SYNBIOCHEM, hosted by the Manchester Institute of Biotechnology at the University of Manchester is delivering innovative technology platforms to facilitate the predictable engineering of microbial bio-factories for fine and speciality chemicals production. We provide an overview of our foundry activities that are being applied to grand challenge projects to deliver innovation in bio-based chemicals production for industrial biotechnology.
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