1
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Li Z, Nie G, Chen Z, Zhan S, Lan L. High-quality quasi-bound state in the continuum enabled single-nanoparticle virus detection. OPTICS LETTERS 2024; 49:3380-3383. [PMID: 38875625 DOI: 10.1364/ol.522831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have emerged as a powerful platform for boosting light-matter interactions because they provide an alternative way of realizing optical resonances with ultrahigh quality(Q-) factors, accompanied by extreme field confinement. In this work, we realized an optical biosensor by introducing a quasi-BIC (qBIC) supported by an elaborated all-dielectric dimer grating. Thanks to the excellent field confinement within the air gap of grating enabled by such a high-Q qBIC, the figure of merit (FOM) of a biosensor is up to 18,908.7 RIU-1. Furthermore, we demonstrated that such a high-Q grating can help push the limit of optical biosensing to the single-particle level. Our results may find exciting applications in extreme biochemical sensing like COVID-19 with ultralow concentration.
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2
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Chen P, Wu H, Zhao Y, Zhong L, Zhang Y, Zhan X, Xiao A, Huang Y, Zhang H, Guan BO. Quantitative Assessment of Fungal Biomarkers in Clinical Samples via an Interface-Modulated Optical Fiber Biosensor. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2312985. [PMID: 38373270 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202312985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Invasive fungal infections pose a significant public health threat. The lack of precise and timely diagnosis is a primary factor contributing to the significant increase in patient mortality rates. Here, an interface-modulated biosensor utilizing an optical fiber for quantitative analysis of fungal biomarkers at the early stage of point-of-care testing (POCT), is reported. By integrating surface refractive index (RI) modulation and plasmon enhancement, the sensor to achieve high sensitivity in a directional response to the target analytes, is successfully optimized. As a result, a compact fiber-optic sensor with rapid response time, cost-effectiveness, exceptional sensitivity, stability, and specificity, is developed. This sensor can successfully identify the biomarkers of specific pathogens from blood or other tissue specimens in animal models. It quantifies clinical blood samples with precision and effectively discriminates between negative and positive cases, thereby providing timely alerts to potential patients. It significantly reduces the detection time of fungal infection to only 30 min. Additionally, this approach exhibits remarkable stability and achieves a limit of detection (LOD) three orders of magnitude lower than existing methods. It overcomes the limitations of existing detection methods, including a high rate of misdiagnosis, prolonged detection time, elevated costs, and the requirement for stringent laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Institute of Mycology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lv Zhong
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Yujiao Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Institute of Mycology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xundi Zhan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Aoxiang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Institute of Mycology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511443, China
- College of Physics & Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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3
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Houghton MC, Kashanian SV, Derrien TL, Masuda K, Vollmer F. Whispering-Gallery Mode Optoplasmonic Microcavities: From Advanced Single-Molecule Sensors and Microlasers to Applications in Synthetic Biology. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:892-903. [PMID: 38523742 PMCID: PMC10958601 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Optical microcavities, specifically, whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microcavities, with their remarkable sensitivity to environmental changes, have been extensively employed as biosensors, enabling the detection of a wide range of biomolecules and nanoparticles. To push the limits of detection down to the most sensitive single-molecule level, plasmonic nanorods are strategically introduced to enhance the evanescent fields of WGM microcavities. This advancement of optoplasmonic WGM sensors allows for the detection of single molecules of a protein, conformational changes, and even atomic ions, marking significant contributions in single-molecule sensing. This Perspective discusses the exciting research prospects in optoplasmonic WGM sensing of single molecules, including the study of enzyme thermodynamics and kinetics, the emergence of thermo-optoplasmonic sensing, the ultrasensitive single-molecule sensing on WGM microlasers, and applications in synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Houghton
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AX, United Kingdom
| | - Samir Vartabi Kashanian
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas L. Derrien
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Koji Masuda
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
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4
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Guan B, Kok TW, Riesen N, Lancaster D, Suu K, Priest C. Microsphere-Enabled Micropillar Array for Whispering Gallery Mode Virus Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:12042-12051. [PMID: 38382003 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Rapid detection of pathogens and analytes at the point of care offers an opportunity for prompt patient management and public health control. This paper reports an open microfluidic platform coupled with active whispering gallery mode (WGM) microsphere resonators for the rapid detection of influenza viruses. The WGM microsphere resonators, precoated with influenza A polyclonal antibodies, are mechanically trapped in the open micropillar array, where the evaporation-driven flow continuously transports a small volume (∼μL) of sample to the resonators without auxiliaries. Selective chemical modification of the pillar array changes surface wettability and flow pattern, which enhances the detection sensitivity of the WGM resonator-based virus sensor. The optofluidic sensing platform is able to specifically detect influenza A viruses within 15 min using a few microliters of sample and displays a linear response to different virus concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guan
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Tuck-Weng Kok
- Adelaide Medical School & School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Nicolas Riesen
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - David Lancaster
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Koukou Suu
- ULVAC Inc., Chigasaki, Kanagawa 253-8543, Japan
| | - Craig Priest
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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5
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Xu Y, Zhou Y, Luo H, Li H, Ni T, Xu G, Sugihara O, Xie J, Cai B. Molecularly imprinted polymer-coated hybrid optical waveguides for sub-aM fluorescence sensing. Analyst 2024; 149:800-806. [PMID: 38115790 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01008b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of fluorescent sensors is crucial for their applications. In this study, we propose a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)-coated optical fibre-hybrid waveguide-fibre sensing structure for ultrasensitive fluorescence detection. In such a structure, the MIP coated-hybrid waveguide acts as a sensing probe, and the two co-axially connected optical fibres act as a highly efficient probing light launcher and a fluorescence signal collector, respectively. For the dual-layered waveguide sensing probe, the inner hybrid waveguide core was fabricated using a hollow quartz nanoparticle-hybridized polymer composite with a low refractive index, and the outer MIP coating layer possesses a high refractive index. Simulations showed that this dual-layer configuration can cause light propagation from the waveguide core to the MIP sensing layer with an efficiency of 98%, which is essential for detection. To validate this concept, we adopted a popular fluorescent dye, rhodamine B, to evaluate the sensing characteristics of the proposed system. We achieved an extremely low limit of detection of approximately 1.3 × 10-19 g ml-1 (approximately 0.27 aM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Yingtao Zhou
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Hong Luo
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Hao Li
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Tiancheng Ni
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Gongjie Xu
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Okihiro Sugihara
- Graduate School of Engineering, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8585, Japan
| | - Jingya Xie
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
| | - Bin Cai
- School of Optical Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, No. 516 Jungong Rd, Shanghai, 200093, China.
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6
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Sharma A, James A, Kapoor DN, Kaurav H, Sharma AK, Nagraik R. An insight into biosensing platforms used for the diagnosis of various lung diseases: A review. Biotechnol Bioeng 2024; 121:71-81. [PMID: 37661712 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Many of the infectious diseases are ubiquitous in nature and pose a threat to global and public health. The original cause for such type of serious maladies can be summarized as the scarcity of appropriate analysis and treatment methods. Pulmonary diseases are considered one of the life-threatening lung diseases that affect millions of people globally. It consists of several types, namely, asthma, lung cancer, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several respiratory-related infections. This is due to the limited access to well-equipped healthcare facilities for early disease diagnosis. This needs the availability of processes and technologies that can help to stop this harmful disease-diagnosing practice. Various approaches for diagnosing various lung diseases have been developed over time, namely, autopsy, chest X-rays, low-dose CT scans, and so forth. The need of the hour is to develop a rapid, simple, portable, and low-cost method for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. So nowadays, biosensors have been becoming one of the highest priority research areas as a potentially useful tool for the early diagnosis and detection of many pulmonary lung diseases. In this review article, various types of biosensors and their applications in the diagnosis of lung-related disorders are expansively explained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Sharma
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abija James
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Deepak N Kapoor
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Hemlata Kaurav
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Sharma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Rupak Nagraik
- Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
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7
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Li Z, Xie M, Nie G, Wang J, Huang L. Pushing Optical Virus Detection to a Single Particle through a High- Q Quasi-bound State in the Continuum in an All-dielectric Metasurface. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:10762-10768. [PMID: 38010952 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Bound states in the continuum (BICs) have emerged as a powerful platform for boosting light-matter interactions because they provide an alternative way of realizing optical resonances with ultrahigh quality factors, accompanied by extreme field confinement. In this work, we realized an optical biosensor by harnessing a quasi-BIC (qBIC) supported by an all-dielectric metasurface with broken symmetry, whose unit cell is composed of a silicon cuboid with two asymmetric air holes. Thanks to the excellent field confinement within the air gap of a metasurface enabled by such a high-Q qBIC, the figure of merit (FOM) of the biosensor is up to 2136.35 RIU-1. Futhermore, we demonstrated that such a high-Q metasurface can push the detection limit to a few virus particles. Our results may find exciting applications in extreme biochemical sensing like COVID-19 with ultralow concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zonglin Li
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and New Sensor Materials, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Mingxin Xie
- School of Microelectronics and Physics, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Guozheng Nie
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensors and New Sensor Materials, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
- School of Microelectronics and Physics, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, China
| | - Junhui Wang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, Hunan, China
| | - Lujun Huang
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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8
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Khorrami Jahromi A, Siavash Moakhar R, Yedire SG, Shieh H, Rosenflanz K, Birks A, de Vries J, Lu Y, Shafique H, Strauss J, Mahshid S. Additively manufactured multiplexed electrochemical device (AMMED) for portable sample-to-answer detection. LAB ON A CHIP 2023; 23:5107-5119. [PMID: 37921001 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00314k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Portable sample-to-answer devices with applications in point-of-care settings have emerged to obviate the necessity of centralized laboratories for biomarker analysis. In this work, a smartphone-operated and additively manufactured multiplexed electrochemical device (AMMED) is presented for the portable detection of biomarkers in blood and saliva. AMMED is comprised of a customized portable potentiostat with a multiplexing feature, a 3D-printed sample collection cartridge to handle three samples of saliva and blood at the same time, a smartphone application to remotely control the potentiostat, and a 3D-printed-based multiplexed microfluidic electrochemical biosensor (test chip). Here, by employing additive manufacturing techniques, a simple, cleanroom-free, and scalable approach was proposed for the fabrication of the test chip. Moreover, these techniques can bring about easy integration of AMMED components. Additionally, the test chip can be compatible with different affinity-based bioassays which can be implemented in a multiplexed manner for detection. The AMMED components were successfully characterized in terms of electrochemical and fluidic performance. Particularly, to demonstrate the biosensing capabilities of the device, the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant and a well-established aptameric assay were selected as the representative biomarker and the bioassay, respectively. The proposed device accurately and selectively detected the target of interest in a rapid (5 min) and multiplex manner with a dynamic detection range of 1-10 000 pg ml-1 in different media, and the clinical feasibility was assessed by several saliva patient samples. AMMED offers a versatile sample-to-answer platform that can be used for the detection of various biomarkers present in biofluids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hamed Shieh
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Katerina Rosenflanz
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Amber Birks
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Justin de Vries
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Yao Lu
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Houda Shafique
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Julia Strauss
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
| | - Sara Mahshid
- Department of Bioengineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC, H3A 0E9, Canada.
- Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, H3G 2M1, Canada
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9
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Huang Y, Chen P, Zhou L, Zheng J, Wu H, Liang J, Xiao A, Li J, Guan BO. Plasmonic Coupling on an Optical Microfiber Surface: Enabling Single-Molecule and Noninvasive Dopamine Detection. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304116. [PMID: 37342974 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Optical fibers can be effective biosensors when employed in early-stage diagnostic point-of-care devices as they can avoid interference from molecules with similar redox potentials. Nevertheless, their sensitivity needs to be improved for real-world applications, especially for small-molecule detection. This work demonstrates an optical microfiber biosensor for dopamine (DA) detection based on the DA-binding-induced aptamer conformational transitions that occur at plasmonic coupling sites on a double-amplified nanointerface. The sensor exhibits ultrahigh sensitivity when detecting DA molecules at the single-molecule level; additionally, this work provides an approach for overcoming optical device sensitivity limits, further extending optical fiber single-molecule detection to a small molecule range (e.g., DA and metal ions). The selective energy enhancement and signal amplification at the binding sites effectively avoid nonspecific amplification of the whole fiber surface which may lead to false-positive results. The sensor can detect single-molecule DA signals in body-fluids. It can detect the released extracellular DA levels and monitor the DA oxidation process. An appropriate aptamer replacement allows the sensor to be used for the detection of other target small molecules and ions at the single-molecule level. This technology offers alternative opportunities for developing noninvasive early-stage diagnostic point-of-care devices and flexible single-molecule detection techniques in theoretical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Luyan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Haotian Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Jiaxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Aoxiang Xiao
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The first Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jie Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 511143, China
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The first Affiliated Hospital, & Clinical Neuroscience Institute, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
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10
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Abstract
Optical biosensors are frontrunners for the rapid and real-time detection of analytes, particularly for low concentrations. Among them, whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators have recently attracted a growing focus due to their robust optomechanical features and high sensitivity, measuring down to single binding events in small volumes. In this review, we provide a broad overview of WGM sensors along with critical advice and additional "tips and tricks" to make them more accessible to both biochemical and optical communities. Their structures, fabrication methods, materials, and surface functionalization chemistries are discussed. We propose this reflection under a pedagogical approach to describe and explain these biochemical sensors with a particular focus on the most recent achievements in the field. In addition to highlighting the advantages of WGM sensors, we also discuss and suggest strategies to overcome their current limitations, leaving room for further development as practical tools in various applications. We aim to provide new insights and combine different knowledge and perspectives to advance the development of the next generation of WGM biosensors. With their unique advantages and compatibility with different sensing modalities, these biosensors have the potential to become major game changers for biomedical and environmental monitoring, among many other relevant target applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Médéric Loyez
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University, One Brookings Drive Green Hall 2120F, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Maxwell Adolphson
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University, One Brookings Drive Green Hall 2120F, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jie Liao
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University, One Brookings Drive Green Hall 2120F, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Electrical & Systems Engineering, Washington University, One Brookings Drive Green Hall 2120F, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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11
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Yi CJ, Shen MC, Qin Q, Zhang YF, Lin XM, Ye MY. Transition from electromagnetically-induced transparency to absorption in a single microresonator. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7167-7174. [PMID: 36859853 DOI: 10.1364/oe.482193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) are two phenomena that can be observed in whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) optical microresonators. Transition from EIT to EIA has potential applications in optical switching, filtering and sensing. In this paper an observation of the transition from EIT to EIA in a single WGM microresonator is presented. A fiber taper is used to couple light into and out of a sausage-like microresonator (SLM) that contains two coupled optical modes with significantly different quality factors. By stretching the SLM axially the resonance frequencies of the two coupled modes are tuned to the same, a transition from EIT to EIA is then observed in the transmission spectra when the fiber taper is moved closer to the SLM. It is the special spatial distribution of the optical modes of the SLM that provide a theoretical basis for the observation.
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12
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Fan X, Wang R, Li M, Tang X, Xu C, Hao Q, Qiu T. High-specificity molecular sensing on an individual whispering-gallery-mode cavity: coupling-enhanced Raman scattering by photoinduced charge transfer and cavity effects. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2023; 8:195-201. [PMID: 36468209 DOI: 10.1039/d2nh00450j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Optical whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) cavities have gained considerable interest because of their unique properties of enhanced light-matter interactions. Conventional WGM sensing is based on the mechanisms of mode shift, mode broadening, or mode splitting, which requires a small mode volume and an ultrahigh Q-factor. Besides, WGM sensing suffers from a lack of specificity in identifying substances, and additional chemical functionalization or incorporation of plasmonic materials is required for achieving good specificity. Herein, we propose a new sensing method based on an individual WGM cavity to achieve ultrasensitive and high-specificity molecular sensing, which combines the features of enhanced light-matter interactions on the WGM cavity and the "fingerprint spectrum" of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). This method identifies the substance by monitoring the Raman signal enhanced by the WGM cavity rather than monitoring the variation of the WGM itself. Therefore, ultrasensitive and high-specificity molecular sensing can be accomplished even on a low-Q cavity. The working principles of the proposed sensing method were also systematically investigated in terms of photoinduced charge transfer, Purcell effect, and optical resonance coupling. This work provides a new WGM sensing approach as well as a strategy for the design of a high-performance SERS substrate by creating an optical resonance mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingce Fan
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Ru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Mingze Li
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Xiao Tang
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Chunxiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
| | - Qi Hao
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
| | - Teng Qiu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
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Quintanilla-Villanueva GE, Maldonado J, Luna-Moreno D, Rodríguez-Delgado JM, Villarreal-Chiu JF, Rodríguez-Delgado MM. Progress in Plasmonic Sensors as Monitoring Tools for Aquaculture Quality Control. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:90. [PMID: 36671925 PMCID: PMC9856096 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquaculture is an expanding economic sector that nourishes the world's growing population due to its nutritional significance over the years as a source of high-quality proteins. However, it has faced severe challenges due to significant cases of environmental pollution, pathogen outbreaks, and the lack of traceability that guarantees the quality assurance of its products. Such context has prompted many researchers to work on the development of novel, affordable, and reliable technologies, many based on nanophotonic sensing methodologies. These emerging technologies, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), localised SPR (LSPR), and fibre-optic SPR (FO-SPR) systems, overcome many of the drawbacks of conventional analytical tools in terms of portability, reagent and solvent use, and the simplicity of sample pre-treatments, which would benefit a more sustainable and profitable aquaculture. To highlight the current progress made in these technologies that would allow them to be transferred for implementation in the field, along with the lag with respect to the most cutting-edge plasmonic sensing, this review provides a variety of information on recent advances in these emerging methodologies that can be used to comprehensively monitor the various operations involving the different commercial stages of farmed aquaculture. For example, to detect environmental hazards, track fish health through biochemical indicators, and monitor disease and biosecurity of fish meat products. Furthermore, it highlights the critical issues associated with these technologies, how to integrate them into farming facilities, and the challenges and prospects of developing plasmonic-based sensors for aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Elizabeth Quintanilla-Villanueva
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología (CIByN), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca 66629, Mexico
| | - Jesús Maldonado
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Donato Luna-Moreno
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica AC, Div. de Fotónica, Loma del Bosque 115, Col. Lomas del Campestre, León 37150, Mexico
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez-Delgado
- Tecnológico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada Sur No. 2501, Col. Tecnológico, Monterrey 64849, Mexico
| | - Juan Francisco Villarreal-Chiu
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología (CIByN), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca 66629, Mexico
| | - Melissa Marlene Rodríguez-Delgado
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Av. Universidad S/N Ciudad Universitaria, San Nicolás de los Garza 66455, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología y Nanotecnología (CIByN), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica, Km. 10 autopista al Aeropuerto Internacional Mariano Escobedo, Apodaca 66629, Mexico
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14
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Zhang W, Wan L, Wei Y, Jia S, Gao S, Feng T, Liu W, Li Z. Defect-assisted, spray-printed colloidal quantum dot microlasers for biosensing. OPTICS LETTERS 2022; 47:4917-4920. [PMID: 36181150 DOI: 10.1364/ol.470684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study successfully implements spectrally distinguishable CdSe-ZnS core-shell colloidal quantum dot (CQD) microlasers by a simple, efficient spray printing technique and demonstrates its potential in biosensing. We have systematically characterized the optical properties of printed microring lasers with diameters less than 60 µm. The smallest structure that can be excited has a diameter as small as 30 µm, which is much smaller than the counterparts prepared by piezoelectric ink-jet printing. The detection sensitivity of 4.54 nm/min/refractive index unit is verified in glucose sensing using a printed CQD microlaser. Biosensing of diverse glucose and bovine serum albumin solutions using printed microlasers with the assistance of defects demonstrates a new, to the best of our knowledge, prototype for the development of high-performance, low-cost on-chip microcavity sensors.
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15
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Qin J, Jiang S, Wang Z, Cheng X, Li B, Shi Y, Tsai DP, Liu AQ, Huang W, Zhu W. Metasurface Micro/Nano-Optical Sensors: Principles and Applications. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11598-11618. [PMID: 35960685 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c03310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metasurfaces are 2D artificial materials consisting of arrays of metamolecules, which are exquisitely designed to manipulate light in terms of amplitude, phase, and polarization state with spatial resolutions at the subwavelength scale. Traditional micro/nano-optical sensors (MNOSs) pursue high sensitivity through strongly localized optical fields based on diffractive and refractive optics, microcavities, and interferometers. Although detections of ultra-low concentrations of analytes have already been demonstrated, the label-free sensing and recognition of complex and unknown samples remain challenging, requiring multiple readouts from sensors, e.g., refractive index, absorption/emission spectrum, chirality, etc. Additionally, the reliability of detecting large, inhomogeneous biosamples may be compromised by the limited near-field sensing area from the localization of light. Here, we review recent advances in metasurface-based MNOSs and compare them with counterparts using micro-optics from aspects of physics, working principles, and applications. By virtue of underlying the physics and design flexibilities of metasurfaces, MNOSs have now been endowed with superb performances and advanced functionalities, leading toward highly integrated smart sensing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qin
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shibin Jiang
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Zhanshan Wang
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xinbin Cheng
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Baojun Li
- Institute of Nanophotonics, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yuzhi Shi
- Institute of Precision Optical Engineering, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-Structured Materials, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Digital Optics, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Din Ping Tsai
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ai Qun Liu
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Nanomaterials and Smart Systems, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Weiming Zhu
- School of Optoelectronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
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16
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Li H, Huang T, Lu L, Yuan H, Zhang L, Wang H, Yu B. Ultrasensitive Detection of Exosomes Using an Optical Microfiber Decorated with Plasmonic MoSe 2-Supported Gold Nanorod Nanointerfaces. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1926-1935. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Nuclear Technology, College of Physics Science and Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Huang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Lu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Yuan
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230031, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University Hefei, 230031, People’s Republic of China
| | - Benli Yu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Acquisition and Manipulation of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People’s Republic of China
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17
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Riesen N, Peterkovic ZQ, Guan B, François A, Lancaster DG, Priest C. Caged-Sphere Optofluidic Sensors: Whispering Gallery Resonators in Wicking Microfluidics. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22114135. [PMID: 35684755 PMCID: PMC9185560 DOI: 10.3390/s22114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The rapid development of optofluidic technologies in recent years has seen the need for sensing platforms with ease-of-use, simple sample manipulation, and high performance and sensitivity. Herein, an integrated optofluidic sensor consisting of a pillar array-based open microfluidic chip and caged dye-doped whispering gallery mode microspheres is demonstrated and shown to have potential for simple real-time monitoring of liquids. The open microfluidic chip allows for the wicking of a thin film of liquid across an open surface with subsequent evaporation-driven flow enabling continuous passive flow for sampling. The active dye-doped whispering gallery mode microspheres placed between pillars, avoid the use of cumbersome fibre tapers to couple light to the resonators as is required for passive microspheres. The performance of this integrated sensor is demonstrated using glucose solutions (0.05–0.3 g/mL) and the sensor response is shown to be dynamic and reversible. The sensor achieves a refractive index sensitivity of ~40 nm/RIU, with Q-factors of ~5 × 103 indicating a detection limit of ~3 × 10−3 RIU (~20 mg/mL glucose). Further enhancement of the detection limit is expected by increasing the microsphere Q-factor using high-index materials for the resonators, or alternatively, inducing lasing. The integrated sensors are expected to have significant potential for a host of downstream applications, particularly relating to point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Riesen
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
- Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Zane Q. Peterkovic
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
| | - Bin Guan
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Alexandre François
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
| | - David G. Lancaster
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Craig Priest
- Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; (Z.Q.P.); (B.G.); (A.F.); (D.G.L.); (C.P.)
- ARC Research Hub for Integrated Devices for End-User Analysis at Low-Levels (IDEAL), Future Industries Institute, STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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18
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Liang H, Zhou L, Chen P, Zheng J, Huang Y, Liang J, Zhong J, Huang Y, Yu M, Guan BO. Optical Microfiber with a Gold Nanorods-Black Phosphorous Nanointerface: An Ultrasensitive Biosensor and Nanotherapy Platform. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8058-8065. [PMID: 35611971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The detection and therapy of cancers in the early stage significantly alleviate the associated dangers. Optical devices offer new opportunities for these early measures. However, the clinical translation of the existing methods is severely hindered by their relatively low sensitivity or unclear physiological metabolism. Here, an optical microfiber sensor with a drug loading gold nanorod-black phosphorous nanointerface, as an ultrasensitive biosensor and nanotherapy platform, is developed to meet the early-stage requirement. With interface sensitization and functionalization of the hybrid nanointerface, the microfiber sensor presents an ultrahigh sensing performance, achieving the selective detection of the HER2 biomarker with limits of detection of 0.66 aM in buffer solution and 0.77 aM in 10% serum. It can also distinguish breast cancer cells from other cells in the early stage. Additionally, enabled by the interface, the optical microfiber is able to realize cellular nanotherapy, including photothermal/chemotherapy with pump laser coupling after diagnosis, and evaluate therapy results in real time. The immobilization of the interface on the optical microfiber surface prevents the damage to normal cells induced by nanomaterial enrichment, making the device more efficient and intelligent. This study opens up a new avenue for the development of smart optical platforms for sensitive biosensing and precision therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Luyan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Jiaxuan Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Junyang Zhong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Yugang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Mingguang Yu
- School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
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19
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Optical Whispering-Gallery-Mode Microbubble Sensors. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:mi13040592. [PMID: 35457896 PMCID: PMC9026417 DOI: 10.3390/mi13040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) microbubble resonators are ideal optical sensors due to their high quality factor, small mode volume, high optical energy density, and geometry/design/structure (i.e., hollow microfluidic channels). When used in combination with microfluidic technologies, WGM microbubble resonators can be applied in chemical and biological sensing due to strong light–matter interactions. The detection of ultra-low concentrations over a large dynamic range is possible due to their high sensitivity, which has significance for environmental monitoring and applications in life-science. Furthermore, WGM microbubble resonators have also been widely used for physical sensing, such as to detect changes in temperature, stress, pressure, flow rate, magnetic field and ultrasound. In this article, we systematically review and summarize the sensing mechanisms, fabrication and packing methods, and various applications of optofluidic WGM microbubble resonators. The challenges of rapid production and practical applications of WGM microbubble resonators are also discussed.
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20
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Watanabe K, Wu HY, Xavier J, Joshi LT, Vollmer F. Single Virus Detection on Silicon Photonic Crystal Random Cavities. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2107597. [PMID: 35218293 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202107597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
On-chip silicon microcavity sensors are advantageous for the detection of virus and biomolecules due to their compactness and the enhanced light-matter interaction with the analyte. While their theoretical sensitivity is at the single-molecule level, the fabrication of high quality (Q) factor silicon cavities and their integration with optical couplers remain as major hurdles in applications such as single virus detection. Here, label-free single virus detection using silicon photonic crystal random cavities is proposed and demonstrated. The sensor chips consist of free-standing silicon photonic crystal waveguides and do not require pre-fabricated defect cavities or optical couplers. Residual fabrication disorder results in Anderson-localized cavity modes which are excited by a free space beam. The Q ≈105 is sufficient for observing discrete step-changes in resonance wavelength for the binding of single adenoviruses (≈50 nm radius). The authors' findings point to future applications of CMOS-compatible silicon sensor chips supporting Anderson-localized modes that have detection capabilities at the level of single nanoparticles and molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Watanabe
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Hsin-Yu Wu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Jolly Xavier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Lovleen Tina Joshi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Plymouth, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
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21
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Lee H, Berk J, Webster A, Kim D, Foreman MR. Label-free detection of single nanoparticles with disordered nanoisland surface plasmon sensor. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:165502. [PMID: 34915461 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac43e9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report sensing of single nanoparticles using disordered metallic nanoisland substrates supporting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs). Speckle patterns arising from leakage radiation of elastically scattered SPPs provide a unique fingerprint of the scattering microstructure at the sensor surface. Experimental measurements of the speckle decorrelation are presented and shown to enable detection of sorption of individual gold nanoparticles and polystyrene beads. Our approach is verified through bright-field and fluorescence imaging of particles adhering to the nanoisland substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongki Lee
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Joel Berk
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
| | - Aaron Webster
- Independent Scholar, 187 Pinehurst Rd, Canyon, CA 94516, United States of America
| | - Donghyun Kim
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Matthew R Foreman
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, SW7 2BW, United Kingdom
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22
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Baaske M, Asgari N, Spaeth P, Adhikari S, Punj D, Orrit M. Photothermal Spectro-Microscopy as Benchmark for Optoplasmonic Bio-Detection Assays. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:25087-25093. [PMID: 34824661 PMCID: PMC8607500 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c07592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Optoplasmonic bio-detection assays commonly probe the response of plasmonic nanostructures to changes in their dielectric environment. The accurate detection of nanoscale entities such as virus particles, micelles and proteins requires optimization of multiple experimental parameters. Performing such optimization directly via analyte recognition is often not desirable or feasible, especially if the nanostructures exhibit limited numbers of analyte binding sites and if binding is irreversible. Here we introduce photothermal spectro-microscopy as a benchmarking tool for the characterization and optimization of optoplasmonic detection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin.
D. Baaske
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nasrin Asgari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Deep Punj
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes
Laboratory, Leiden University, Postbus 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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23
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Roadmap on Universal Photonic Biosensors for Real-Time Detection of Emerging Pathogens. PHOTONICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics8080342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has made it abundantly clear that the state-of-the-art biosensors may not be adequate for providing a tool for rapid mass testing and population screening in response to newly emerging pathogens. The main limitations of the conventional techniques are their dependency on virus-specific receptors and reagents that need to be custom-developed for each recently-emerged pathogen, the time required for this development as well as for sample preparation and detection, the need for biological amplification, which can increase false positive outcomes, and the cost and size of the necessary equipment. Thus, new platform technologies that can be readily modified as soon as new pathogens are detected, sequenced, and characterized are needed to enable rapid deployment and mass distribution of biosensors. This need can be addressed by the development of adaptive, multiplexed, and affordable sensing technologies that can avoid the conventional biological amplification step, make use of the optical and/or electrical signal amplification, and shorten both the preliminary development and the point-of-care testing time frames. We provide a comparative review of the existing and emergent photonic biosensing techniques by matching them to the above criteria and capabilities of preventing the spread of the next global pandemic.
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24
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Chen P, Huang Y, Bo Y, Liang H, Xiao A, Guan BO. 3D nanointerface enhanced optical microfiber for real-time detection and sizing of single nanoparticles. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL (LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND : 1996) 2021; 407:127143. [PMID: 33013189 PMCID: PMC7524536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Portable devices, which can detect and characterize the individual nanoparticles in real time, are of insignificant interest for early diagnosis, homeland security, semiconductor manufacturing and environmental monitoring. Optical microfibers present a good potential in this field, however, are restricted by the sensitivity limit. This study reports the development of a 3D plasmonic nanointerface, which is made of a Cu-BTC framework supporting Cu3-xP nanocrystals, enhancing the optical microfiber for real-time detection and sizing of single nanoparticles. The Cu3-xP nanocrystals are successfully embedded in the 3D Cu-BTC framework. The localized-surface plasmon resonance is tuned to coincide with the evanescent field of the optical microfiber. The 3D Cu-BTC framework, as the scaffold of nanocrystals, confines the local resonance field on the microfiber with three dimensions, at which the binding of target nanoparticles occurs. Based on the evanescent field confinement and surface enhancement by the nanointerface, the optical microfiber sensor overcomes its sensitivity limit, and enables the detection and sizing of the individual nanoparticles. The compact size and low optical power supply of the sensor confirm its suitability as a portable device for the real-time single-nanoparticle characterization, especially for the convenient evaluation of the ultrafine particles in the environment. This work opens up an approach to overcome the sensitivity limit of the optical microfibers, as long with stimulating the portable real-time single-nanoparticle detection and sizing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Ye Bo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - He Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Aoxiang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511143, China
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Toropov N, Cabello G, Serrano MP, Gutha RR, Rafti M, Vollmer F. Review of biosensing with whispering-gallery mode lasers. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2021; 10:42. [PMID: 33637696 PMCID: PMC7910454 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-021-00471-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Lasers are the pillars of modern optics and sensing. Microlasers based on whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) are miniature in size and have excellent lasing characteristics suitable for biosensing. WGM lasers have been used for label-free detection of single virus particles, detection of molecular electrostatic changes at biointerfaces, and barcode-type live-cell tagging and tracking. The most recent advances in biosensing with WGM microlasers are described in this review. We cover the basic concepts of WGM resonators, the integration of gain media into various active WGM sensors and devices, and the cutting-edge advances in photonic devices for micro- and nanoprobing of biological samples that can be integrated with WGM lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Toropov
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
| | - Gema Cabello
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Mariana P Serrano
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Rithvik R Gutha
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK
| | - Matías Rafti
- Departamento de Química, Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Living Systems Institute, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4QD, UK.
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26
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Chang L, de Goede M, Dijkstra M, van Emmerik CI, García-Blanco SM. Modular microring laser cavity sensor. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:1371-1383. [PMID: 33726354 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We propose and experimentally demonstrate a modular microring laser (MML) cavity for sensing applications. The proposed MML permits much more design freedom compared with a traditional simple ring cavity by decoupling the performance parameters into several regions in the cavity. Thus, the different biosensor performance parameters can be optimized semi-independently limiting the need for trade-offs on the design of the biosensing device. The first generation MML has been fabricated and tested. A fiber-to-fiber slope efficiency of up to 1.2%, a temperature coefficient of 1.35 GHz/K and a 3σ limit of detection (LOD) of 3.1 × 10-7 RIU without averaging and 6.0 × 10-8 RIU with a 60 s averaging, has been measured for the MML sensor, which is a record-low LOD in on-chip ring cavity optical sensors. Further optimization is possible, capitalizing on the key advantage of the MML concept, namely the potential for designing the laser cavity to achieve the desired optimization goals.
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27
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Rentschler S, Kaiser L, Deigner HP. Emerging Options for the Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections and the Characterization of Antimicrobial Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:E456. [PMID: 33466437 PMCID: PMC7796476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise and rapid identification and characterization of pathogens and antimicrobial resistance patterns are critical for the adequate treatment of infections, which represent an increasing problem in intensive care medicine. The current situation remains far from satisfactory in terms of turnaround times and overall efficacy. Application of an ineffective antimicrobial agent or the unnecessary use of broad-spectrum antibiotics worsens the patient prognosis and further accelerates the generation of resistant mutants. Here, we provide an overview that includes an evaluation and comparison of existing tools used to diagnose bacterial infections, together with a consideration of the underlying molecular principles and technologies. Special emphasis is placed on emerging developments that may lead to significant improvements in point of care detection and diagnosis of multi-resistant pathogens, and new directions that may be used to guide antibiotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Rentschler
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 VS-Schwenningen, Germany; (S.R.); (L.K.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Kaiser
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 VS-Schwenningen, Germany; (S.R.); (L.K.)
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Freiburg, Albertstraße 25, 79104 Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Deigner
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Furtwangen University, Jakob-Kienzle-Straße 17, 78054 VS-Schwenningen, Germany; (S.R.); (L.K.)
- EXIM Department, Fraunhofer Institute IZI (Leipzig), Schillingallee 68, 18057 Rostock, Germany
- Faculty of Science, Tuebingen University, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
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28
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de Goede M, Dijkstra M, Chang L, Acharyya N, Kozyreff G, Obregón R, Martínez E, García-Blanco SM. Mode-splitting in a microring resonator for self-referenced biosensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:346-358. [PMID: 33362120 DOI: 10.1364/oe.411931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Self-referenced biosensing based on mode-splitting on a microring resonator is experimentally demonstrated. A Bragg grating integrated on the surface of the ring provides coupling between the clockwise and counterclockwise travelling modes of the pristine ring resonator lifting their degeneracy. The amount of mode-splitting is directly related to the reflectivity of the grating and it is only affected by structurally modifying the grating. Environmental perturbations to the surroundings of the gratings, such as temperature and bulk refractive index variations, have a minor effect on the amount of mode-splitting. This principle allows the realization of a self-referenced sensing scheme based on the detection of variations of the mode-splitting induced by structural changes to the grating. In this work, a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) Bragg grating is integrated onto a ring resonator in Al2O3. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that the amount of splitting of a resonance varies minimally under temperature or bulk refractive index perturbations. However, the structural change of attaching a layer of biomolecules inside the grating does affect its reflectivity and the amount of mode splitting present. This result represents the first proof-of-concept demonstration of an integrated mode-splitting biosensor insensitive to temperature and refractive index variations of the liquid matrix where the molecules to be detected are embedded. The reported results pave the road towards the realization of truly self-referenced biosensors.
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29
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Svela AØ, Silver JM, Del Bino L, Zhang S, Woodley MTM, Vanner MR, Del'Haye P. Coherent suppression of backscattering in optical microresonators. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2020; 9:204. [PMID: 33353941 PMCID: PMC7755905 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-020-00440-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As light propagates along a waveguide, a fraction of the field can be reflected by Rayleigh scatterers. In high-quality-factor whispering-gallery-mode microresonators, this intrinsic backscattering is primarily caused by either surface or bulk material imperfections. For several types of microresonator-based experiments and applications, minimal backscattering in the cavity is of critical importance, and thus, the ability to suppress backscattering is essential. We demonstrate that the introduction of an additional scatterer into the near field of a high-quality-factor microresonator can coherently suppress the amount of backscattering in the microresonator by more than 30 dB. The method relies on controlling the scatterer position such that the intrinsic and scatterer-induced backpropagating fields destructively interfere. This technique is useful in microresonator applications where backscattering is currently limiting the performance of devices, such as ring-laser gyroscopes and dual frequency combs, which both suffer from injection locking. Moreover, these findings are of interest for integrated photonic circuits in which back reflections could negatively impact the stability of laser sources or other components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ø Svela
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK.
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK.
| | - Jonathan M Silver
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
- City University of London, London, EC1V 0HB, UK
| | - Leonardo Del Bino
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstaße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
- Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Shuangyou Zhang
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstaße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael T M Woodley
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Michael R Vanner
- Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
- Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PU, UK
| | - Pascal Del'Haye
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, TW11 0LW, UK.
- Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light, Staudtstaße 2, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
- Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058, Erlangen, Germany.
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30
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Adhikari S, Spaeth P, Kar A, Baaske MD, Khatua S, Orrit M. Photothermal Microscopy: Imaging the Optical Absorption of Single Nanoparticles and Single Molecules. ACS NANO 2020; 14:16414-16445. [PMID: 33216527 PMCID: PMC7760091 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c07638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The photothermal (PT) signal arises from slight changes of the index of refraction in a sample due to absorption of a heating light beam. Refractive index changes are measured with a second probing beam, usually of a different color. In the past two decades, this all-optical detection method has reached the sensitivity of single particles and single molecules, which gave birth to original applications in material science and biology. PT microscopy enables shot-noise-limited detection of individual nanoabsorbers among strong scatterers and circumvents many of the limitations of fluorescence-based detection. This review describes the theoretical basis of PT microscopy, the methodological developments that improved its sensitivity toward single-nanoparticle and single-molecule imaging, and a vast number of applications to single-nanoparticle imaging and tracking in material science and in cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhasis Adhikari
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Spaeth
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ashish Kar
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Martin Dieter Baaske
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saumyakanti Khatua
- Chemistry
Discipline, Indian Institute of Technology
Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujrat 382355, India
| | - Michel Orrit
- Huygens−Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
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31
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Normal-incidence type solution immersed silicon (SIS) biosensor for ultra-sensitive, label-free detection of cardiac troponin I. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 168:112525. [PMID: 32858415 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) significantly reduce the mortality rate and can be achieved via high-sensitive detection of AMI specific cardiac troponin I (cTnI) biomarker. Here, we present normal-incident type solution-immersed silicon (NI-SIS) ellipsometric biosensor, designed for ultra-high sensitive, high-throughput, label-free detection of the target protein. The NI-SIS sensors are equipped with a specially designed prism that maintains the angle of incidence close to the Brewster angle during operation, which significantly reduces SIS noise signals induced by the refractive index fluctuations of the surrounding medium, improves the signal-to-noise ratio, in-results lowers the detection limit. We applied NI-SIS biosensor for ultra-sensitive detection of cTnI biomarkers in human serum. The optimized sensor chip fabrication and detection operation procedures are proposed. The wide linear concentration ranges of fg/mL to ng/mL is achieved with the detection limit of 22.0 fg/mL of cTnI. The analytical correlation was assessed by linear regression analysis with the results of the Pathfast reference system. These impressive biosensing capabilities of NI-SIS technology have huge potentials for accurate detection of target species in different application areas, such as diagnosis, drug discovery, and food contaminations.
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32
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Bierstedt A, Warschat C, You Y, Rurack K, Riedel J. Stimulated Raman scattering by intracavity mixing of nanosecond laser excitation and fluorescence in acoustically levitated droplets. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5046-5054. [PMID: 33034318 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01504k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy is becoming a commonly used, powerful tool for structural elucidation and species identification of small liquid samples, e.g. in droplet-based digital microfluidic devices. Due to the low scattering cross sections and the temporal restrictions dictated by the droplet flow, however, it depends on amplification strategies which often come at a cost. In the case of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), this can be an enhanced susceptibility towards memory effects and cross talk, whereas resonant and/or stimulated Raman techniques require higher instrumental sophistication, such as tunable lasers or the high electromagnetic field strengths which are typically provided by femtosecond lasers. Here, an alternative instrumental approach is discussed, in which stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is achieved using the single fixed wavelength output of an inexpensive diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) nanosecond laser. The required field strengths are realized by an effective light trapping in a resonator mode inside the interrogated droplets, while the resonant light required for the stimulation is provided by the fluorescence signal of an admixed laser dye. To elucidate the underlying optical processes, proof-of-concept experiments are conducted on acoustically levitated droplets, mimicking a highly reproducible and stable digital fluidic system. By using isotope-labeled compounds, the assignment of the emitted radiation as Raman scattering is firmly corroborated. A direct comparison reveals an amplification of the usually weak spontaneous Stokes emission by up to five orders of magnitude. Further investigation of the optical power dependence reveals the resulting gain to depend on the intensity of both, the input laser fluence and the concentration of the admixed fluorophore, leaving SRS as the only feasible amplification mechanism. While in this study stable large droplets have been studied, the underlying principles also hold true for smaller droplets, in which case significantly lower laser pulse energy is required. Since DPSS lasers are readily available with high repetition rates, the presented detection strategy bears a huge potential for fast online identification and characterization routines in digital microfluidic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bierstedt
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und -prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
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Sato R, Henzie J, Ishii S, Takazawa K, Takeda Y. Plasmonic-induced self-assembly of WGM cavities via laser cavitation. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:31923-31931. [PMID: 33115156 DOI: 10.1364/oe.401662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We show how photoexcitation of a single plasmonic nanoparticle (NP) in solution can create a whispering-gallery-mode (WGM) droplet resonator. Small nano/microbubbles are initially formed by laser-induced heating that is localized by the plasmon resonance. Fast imaging shows that the bubbles collect and condense around the NP and form a droplet in the interior of the bubble. Droplets containing dye generated lasing modes with wavelengths that depend on the size of the droplet, refractive index of the solvent, and surrounding environment, matching the behavior of a WGM. We demonstrated this phenomenon with two kinds of Au NPs in addition to TiN NPs and observed cavity diameters as small as 4.8 µm with a free spectral range (FSR) of 12 nm. These results indicate that optical pumping of plasmonic NPs in a gain medium can generate lasing modes that are not directly associated with the plasmon cavity but can arise from its photophysical processes. This process may serve as a method to generate plasmonic/photonic optical microcavities in solution on demand at any location in a solvent using free-space coupling in/out of the cavity.
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Takagishi T, Yoshioka H, Mikami Y, Oki Y. On-demand inkjet-printed microdisk laser with air cladding by liquid flow microetching. APPLIED OPTICS 2020; 59:6340-6346. [PMID: 32749298 DOI: 10.1364/ao.396061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have novelly, to the best of our knowledge, developed the liquid flow microetching method that can treat a single microdisk in a microregion with precise position control for inkjet-printed microdisk lasers. The injection-drain wet etching setup consisted of two microneedles that successfully performed a formation of a fine undercut structure of an inkjet-printed microdisk on a pre-pedestal layer through the individual wet etching process. Then measurement of the undercut structure using scanning electron microscopy and lasing characteristics with whispering gallery modes were carried out to demonstrate performance of the etched microdisks. The measured lasing threshold decreased by half compared with that of the unetched microdisk directly printed on a fluorine-type film. A point to note is that this etching method exhibits an excellent undercut and lasing characteristics even when using a clad pre-pedestal layer having a refractive index higher than that of core microdisks. This technique, combined with inkjet printing, offers a powerful tool for individually designing a microdisk and can help develop novel devices that comprise several inkjet-printed microdisks being evanescently coupled.
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Buchberger A, Maierhofer P, Baumgart M, Kraft J, Bergmann A. Integrated evanescent field detector for ultrafine particles-theory and concept. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:20177-20190. [PMID: 32680083 DOI: 10.1364/oe.394396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies on ultrafine particles (UFP), which are smaller than 100 nm, emphasized their hazardous potential to the human organism. They are comparable in size to typical nano-organisms such as viruses and can penetrate physiological barriers in a similar way. Currently, there are no low-cost and miniaturized detectors for UFP available. In our first experiments with an integrated evanescent field particle detector, we could already successfully detect single 200 nm polystyrene latex (PSL) spheres, although the implemented waveguide geometry was only rudimentary optimized with costly 3D simulations. We developed a fast and structured optimization model for waveguide geometry and operation wavelength of an integrated evanescent field particle detector in order to exploit its full potential for the detection of discrete analytes in the UFP size range. The optimization model is based on a modified formulation of Mie theory and its computational effort is reduced by a factor of 100 compared to 3D simulations. The optimization potential of the sensor response signal is demonstrated for several waveguide geometries that can be produced with established semiconductor fabrication technology at high production volumes and low costs. An optimized silicon nitride waveguide features sensor response signals that are about one order of magnitude higher compared to previous experiments, which pushes the limit of detection even further down to particle sizes below 100 nm. A small integrated evanescent field particle detector based on this optimized waveguide will be used for the first low-cost and miniaturized devices that can monitor the personal exposure to UFP.
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36
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Fu L, Lu Q, Liu X, Chen X, Wu X, Xie S. Combining whispering gallery mode optofluidic microbubble resonator sensor with GR-5 DNAzyme for ultra-sensitive lead ion detection. Talanta 2020; 213:120815. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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37
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Berneschi S, Bettazzi F, Giannetti A, Baldini F, Nunzi Conti G, Pelli S, Palchetti I. Optical whispering gallery mode resonators for label-free detection of water contaminants. Trends Analyt Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2020.115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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38
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Nucleic acid hybridization on a plasmonic nanointerface of optical microfiber enables ultrahigh-sensitive detection and potential photothermal therapy. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 156:112147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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39
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Kim Y, Lee H. Balanced Detection Method Using Optical Affinity Sensors for Quick Measurement of Biomolecule Concentrations. Anal Chem 2020; 92:6189-6193. [PMID: 32298099 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
To determine the concentration of biomolecules using a label-free optical biosensor, it is necessary to measure the serial signal from the reaction starting point, which is inconvenient for practical applications. Here, we propose an alternative detection method for determining the concentration of a biomolecule. The method, which is derived from the fraction bound equation of the Langmuir adsorption model, determines the concentration relative to a reference sample with required accuracy, with a single measurement at any point in time. We also experimentally demonstrated the method and its accuracy by detecting streptavidin-biotin complexes using on-chip optical sensors based on active disk resonators integrated with microfluidic circuits. By performing the proposed method in a simultaneous parallel measurement scheme, signal fluctuations evenly induced in the detectors by external perturbations could be automatically suppressed, similar to the balanced detection method. We expect our approach to be applicable to practical applications where fast and accurate detection responses are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeseul Kim
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hansuek Lee
- Department of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.,Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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40
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Single-molecule analysis of nucleic acid biomarkers - A review. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1115:61-85. [PMID: 32370870 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nucleic acids are important biomarkers for disease detection, monitoring, and treatment. Advances in technologies for nucleic acid analysis have enabled discovery and clinical implementation of nucleic acid biomarkers. However, challenges remain with technologies for nucleic acid analysis, thereby limiting the use of nucleic acid biomarkers in certain contexts. Here, we review single-molecule technologies for nucleic acid analysis that can be used to overcome these challenges. We first discuss the various types of nucleic acid biomarkers important for clinical applications and conventional technologies for nucleic acid analysis. We then discuss technologies for single-molecule in vitro and in situ analysis of nucleic acid biomarkers. Finally, we discuss other ultra-sensitive techniques for nucleic acid biomarker detection.
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Hu D, Zou CL, Ren H, Lu J, Le Z, Qin Y, Guo S, Dong C, Hu W. Multi-Parameter Sensing in a Multimode Self-Interference Micro-Ring Resonator by Machine Learning. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E709. [PMID: 32012892 PMCID: PMC7039216 DOI: 10.3390/s20030709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A universal multi-parameter sensing scheme based on a self-interference micro-ring resonator (SIMRR) is proposed. Benefit from the special intensity sensing mechanism, the SIMRR allows multimode sensing in a wide range of wavelengths but immune from frequency noise. To process the multiple mode spectra that are dependent on multiple parameters, we adopt the machine learning algorithm instead of massive asymptotic solutions of resonators. Employing the proposed multi-mode sensing approach, a two-parameter SIMRR sensor is designed. Assuming that two gases have different wavelength dependence of refractive indices, the feasibility and effectiveness of the two-parameter sensing strategy are verified numerically. Moreover, the dependence of parameter estimation accuracy on the laser intensity noises is also investigated. The numerical results indicate that our scheme of multi-parameter sensing in a multimode SIMRR holds great potential for practical high-sensitive sensing platforms compared with the single-mode sensing based on whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hu
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (D.H.); (J.L.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.)
| | - Chang-ling Zou
- Key Lab of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (C.-l.Z.)
| | - Hongliang Ren
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (D.H.); (J.L.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.)
| | - Jin Lu
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (D.H.); (J.L.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.)
| | - Zichun Le
- College of Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Yali Qin
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (D.H.); (J.L.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.)
| | - Shunqin Guo
- College of Information Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China; (D.H.); (J.L.); (Y.Q.); (S.G.)
| | - Chunhua Dong
- Key Lab of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (C.-l.Z.)
| | - Weisheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Optical Communication Systems and Networks, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;
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Xiao A, Huang Y, Zheng J, Chen P, Guan BO. An Optical Microfiber Biosensor for CEACAM5 Detection in Serum: Sensitization by a Nanosphere Interface. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:1799-1805. [PMID: 31829549 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)-related cell adhesion molecules 5 (CEACAM5) is significant in cancer prewarning. Early diagnosis can effectively alleviate the danger of cancer. Point-of-care testing (POCT) has become a competitive technology for early detection. Fiber optic biosensors have great potential as POCT tools. However, their limits of detection (LODs) are not sufficient to afford ultralow concentration detection at the early stage. Herein, this work presents an optical microfiber sensor functionalized by a polystyrene@gold nanosphere (PS@Au nanosphere) interface for a synergistic sensitization effect to detect the ultralow CEACAM5 concentrations in serum at the early stage. The sensor's LOD achieves 3.54 × 10-17 M in pure solution and 5.27 × 10-16 M in serum, with the sensitization effect coupled with surface area enlargement and electromagnetic enhancement of interface. This LOD is about 6 orders of magnitude lower than that of current methods. It can be employed to detect the biomarkers at ultralow concentrations present in serum in the early stages of cancer. As the interfacial synergistic sensitization strategy is suitable for refractive index (RI)-based optical transducers, this work provides new opportunities to employ fiber optic biosensors as effective POCT tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoxiang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou 511486 , China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou 511486 , China
| | - Jiaying Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou 511486 , China
| | - Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou 511486 , China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology , Jinan University , Guangzhou 511486 , China
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Li L, Liang Y, Zong X, Liu Y. Self-assembly plasmonic metamaterials based on templated annealing for advanced biosensing. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:695-704. [PMID: 32118992 DOI: 10.1364/oe.382128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a novel method for the fabrication of self-assembly plasmonic metamaterials by exploiting fluid instabilities of optical thin films. Due to interplay between template reflow and spinodal dewetting, two metal nanoparticles of different sizes are generated on the top mesas of free-standing porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) template, which results in the apprearance of double resonant peaks in the extinction spectrum. These two resonant peaks possess refractive index resolution 3.27 × 10-4 and 2.53 × 10-4 RIU, respectively. This optical intensity modulation based plasmonic nanoplatform shows a dramatically surface sensing performance with outstanding detection capacity of biomolecules, because of the very small decay length of electric field at dual-modes. The detection ability for concanavalin A (Con A) demonstrats that the limit of detection of dual-modes reaches as small as 68 and 79 nM, respectively.
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de Goede M, Chang L, Mu J, Dijkstra M, Obregón R, Martínez E, Padilla L, Mitjans F, Garcia-Blanco SM. Al 2O 3:Yb 3+ integrated microdisk laser label-free biosensor. OPTICS LETTERS 2019; 44:5937-5940. [PMID: 32628191 DOI: 10.1364/ol.44.005937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Whispering gallery mode resonator lasers hold the promise of an ultralow intrinsic limit of detection. However, the widespread use of these devices for biosensing applications has been hindered by the complexity and lack of robustness of the proposed configurations. In this work, we demonstrate biosensing with an integrated microdisk laser. Al2O3doped with Yb3+ was utilized because of its low optical losses as well as its emission in the range 1020-1050 nm, outside the absorption band of water. Single-mode laser emission was obtained at a wavelength of 1024 nm with a linewidth of 250 kHz while the microdisk cavity was submerged in water. A limit of detection of 300 pM (3.6 ng/ml) of the protein rhS100A4 in urine was experimentally demonstrated, showing the potential of the proposed devices for biosensing.
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Li H, Huang Y, Hou G, Xiao A, Chen P, Liang H, Huang Y, Zhao X, Liang L, Feng X, Guan BO. Single-molecule detection of biomarker and localized cellular photothermal therapy using an optical microfiber with nanointerface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax4659. [PMID: 32064314 PMCID: PMC6991926 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
For early-stage diagnostics, there is a strong demand for sensors that can rapidly detect biomarkers at ultralow concentration or even at the single-molecule level. Compared with other types of sensors, optical microfibers are more convenient for use as point-of-care devices in early-stage diagnostics. However, the relatively low sensitivity strongly hinders their use. To this end, an optical microfiber is functionalized with a plasmonic nanointerface consisting of black phosphorus-supported Au nanohybrids. The microfiber is able to detect epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB2) at concentrations ranging from 10 zM to 100 nM, with a detection limit of 6.72 zM, enabling detection at the single-molecule level. The nanointerface-sensitized microfiber is capable of differentiating cancer cells from normal cells and treating cancer cells through cellular photothermal therapy. This work opens up a possible approach for the integration of cellular diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yunyun Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.H.); (B.-O.G.)
| | - Guanhua Hou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Aoxiang Xiao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Pengwei Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - He Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Yugang Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China
| | - Lili Liang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Xinhuan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
| | - Bai-Ou Guan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 511443, China
- Corresponding author. (Y.H.); (B.-O.G.)
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Hogan LT, Horak EH, Ward JM, Knapper KA, Nic Chormaic S, Goldsmith RH. Toward Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Single Nanoparticle Properties with a Microbubble Resonator Spectrometer. ACS NANO 2019; 13:12743-12757. [PMID: 31614083 PMCID: PMC6887843 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b04702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Optical microresonators have widespread application at the frontiers of nanophotonic technology, driven by their ability to confine light to the nanoscale and enhance light-matter interactions. Microresonators form the heart of a recently developed method for single-particle photothermal absorption spectroscopy, whereby the microresonators act as microscale thermometers to detect the heat dissipated by optically pumped, nonluminescent nanoscopic targets. However, translation of this technology to chemically dynamic systems requires a platform that is mechanically stable, solution compatible, and visibly transparent. We report microbubble absorption spectrometers as a versatile platform that meets these requirements. Microbubbles integrate a two-port microfluidic device within a whispering gallery mode microresonator, allowing for the facile exchange of chemical reagents within the resonator's interior while maintaining a solution-free environment on its exterior. We first leverage these qualities to investigate the photoactivated etching of single gold nanorods by ferric chloride, providing a method for rapid acquisition of spatial and morphological information about nanoparticles as they undergo chemical reactions. We then demonstrate the ability to control nanorod orientation within a microbubble through optically exerted torque, a promising route toward the construction of hybrid photonic-plasmonic systems. Critically, the reported platform advances microresonator spectrometer technology by permitting room-temperature, aqueous experimental conditions, which may be used for time-resolved single-particle experiments on non-emissive, nanoscale analytes engaged in catalytically and biologically relevant chemical dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Levi T. Hogan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Erik H. Horak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jonathan M. Ward
- Light-Matter
Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Kassandra A. Knapper
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Síle Nic Chormaic
- Light-Matter
Interactions for Quantum Technologies Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Randall H. Goldsmith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- E-mail:
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Kim Y, Lee H. On-chip label-free biosensing based on active whispering gallery mode resonators pumped by a light-emitting diode. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:34405-34415. [PMID: 31878488 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.034405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Biosensing based on whispering-gallery mode (WGM) resonators has been continuously studied with great attention due to its excellent sensitivity guaranteeing the label-free detection. However, its practical impact is insignificant to date despite notable achievements in academic research. Here, we demonstrate a novel practical platform of on-chip WGM sensors integrated with microfluidic channels. By placing silicon nanoclusters as a stable active compound in micro-resonators, the sensor chip can be operated with a remote pump and readout, which simplifies the chip integration and connection to the external setup. In addition, silicon nanoclusters having large absorption cross-section over broad wavelength range allow active sensing for the first time with an LED pump in a top-illumination scheme which significantly reduces the complexity and cost of the measurement setup. The nano-slot structure of 25 nm gap width is embedded in the resonator where the target bio-molecules are selectively detected with the sensitivity enhanced by strongly confined mode-field. The sensitivity confirmed by real-time measurements for the streptavidin-biotin complex is 0.012 nm/nM, improved over 20 times larger than the previously reported WGM sensors with remote readout.
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Chen Y, Liu J, Yang Z, Wilkinson JS, Zhou X. Optical biosensors based on refractometric sensing schemes: A review. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 144:111693. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wang J, Karnaushenko D, Medina-Sánchez M, Yin Y, Ma L, Schmidt OG. Three-Dimensional Microtubular Devices for Lab-on-a-Chip Sensing Applications. ACS Sens 2019; 4:1476-1496. [PMID: 31132252 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The rapid advance of micro-/nanofabrication technologies opens up new opportunities for miniaturized sensing devices based on novel three-dimensional (3D) architectures. Notably, microtubular geometry exhibits natural advantages for sensing applications due to its unique properties including the hollow sensing channel, high surface-volume ratio, well-controlled shape parameters and compatibility to on-chip integration. Here the state-of-the-art sensing techniques based on microtubular devices are reviewed. The developed microtubular sensors cover microcapillaries, rolled-up nanomembranes, chemically synthesized tubular arrays, and photoresist-based tubular structures via 3D printing. Various types of microtubular sensors working in optical, electrical, and magnetic principles exhibit an extremely broad scope of sensing targets including liquids, biomolecules, micrometer-sized/nanosized objects, and gases. Moreover, they have also been applied for the detection of mechanical, acoustic, and magnetic fields as well as fluorescence signals in labeling-based analyses. At last, a comprehensive outlook of future research on microtubular sensors is discussed on pushing the detection limit, extending the functionality, and taking a step forward to a compact and integrable core module in a lab-on-a-chip analytical system for understanding fundamental biological events or performing accurate point-of-care diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Wang
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Technische Universität Chemnitz, Rosenbergstrasse 6, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | | | | | - Yin Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Libo Ma
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Oliver G. Schmidt
- Institute for Integrative Nanosciences, IFW Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Technische Universität Chemnitz, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Technische Universität Chemnitz, Rosenbergstrasse 6, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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de Goede M, Dijkstra M, Obregón R, Ramón-Azcón J, Martínez E, Padilla L, Mitjans F, Garcia-Blanco SM. Al 2O 3 microring resonators for the detection of a cancer biomarker in undiluted urine. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:18508-18521. [PMID: 31252793 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.018508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations down to 3 nM of the rhS100A4 protein, associated with human tumor development, have been detected in undiluted urine using an integrated sensor based on microring resonators in the emerging Al2O3 photonic platform. The fabricated microrings were designed for operation in the C-band (λ = 1565 nm) and exhibited a high-quality factor in air of 3.2 × 105. The bulk refractive index sensitivity of the devices was ~100 nm/RIU (for TM polarization) with a limit of detection of ~10-6 RIU. A surface functionalization protocol was developed to allow for the selective binding of the monoclonal antibodies designed to capture the target biomarker to the surface of the Al2O3 microrings. The detection of rhS100A4 proteins at clinically relevant concentrations in urine is a big milestone towards the use of biosensors for the screening and early diagnosis of different cancers. Biosensors based on this microring technology can lead to portable, multiplexed and easy-to-use point of care devices.
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