1
|
Stalin A, Han J, Daniel Reegan A, Ignacimuthu S, Liu S, Yao X, Zou Q. Exploring the antiviral inhibitory activity of Niloticin against the NS2B/NS3 protease of Dengue virus (DENV2). Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 277:133791. [PMID: 38992553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV2) is the cause of dengue disease and a worldwide health problem. DENV2 replicates in the host cell using polyproteins such as NS3 protease in conjugation with NS2B cofactor, making NS3 protease a promising antiviral drug-target. This study investigated the efficacy of 'Niloticin' against NS2B/NS3-protease. In silico and in vitro analyses were performed which included interaction of niloticin with NS2B/NS3-protease, protein stability and flexibility, mutation effect, betweenness centrality of residues and analysis of cytotoxicity, protein expression and WNV NS3-protease activity. Similar like acyclovir, niloticin forms strong H-bonds and hydrophobic interactions with residues LEU149, ASN152, LYS74, GLY148 and ALA164. The stability of the niloticin-NS2B/NS3-protease complex was found to be stable compared to the apo NS2B/NS3-protease in structural deviation, PCA, compactness and FEL analysis. The IC50 value of niloticin was 0.14 μM in BHK cells based on in vitro cytotoxicity analysis and showed significant activity at 2.5 μM in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blotting and qRT-PCR analyses showed that niloticin reduced DENV2 protein transcription in a dose-dependent manner. Besides, niloticin confirmed the inhibition of NS3-protease by the SensoLyte 440 WNV protease detection kit. These promising results suggest that niloticin could be an effective antiviral drug against DENV2 and other flaviviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antony Stalin
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610 054, China.
| | - Jiajia Han
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Appadurai Daniel Reegan
- National Centre for Disease Control, Bengaluru Branch, No. 8, NTI Campus, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560 003, Karnataka, India; ICMR-Vector Control Research Centre, Indira Nagar, Gorimedu, Puducherry 605 006, India
| | - Savarimuthu Ignacimuthu
- Xavier Research Foundation, St. Xavier's College, Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Palayamkottai 627 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shuwen Liu
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xingang Yao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases Research in South China (Southern Medical University), Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Quan Zou
- Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610 054, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Putri GN, Gudla CS, Singh M, Ng CH, Idris FFH, Oo Y, Tan JHY, Wong JFJ, Chu JJH, Selvam V, Selvaraj SS, Shandil RK, Narayanan S, Alonso S. Expanding the anti-flaviviral arsenal: Discovery of a baicalein-derived Compound with potent activity against DENV and ZIKV. Antiviral Res 2023; 220:105739. [PMID: 37944824 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2023.105739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
With approximately 3.8 billion people at risk of infection in tropical and sub-tropical regions, Dengue ranks among the top ten threats worldwide. Despite the potential for severe disease manifestation and the economic burden it places on endemic countries, there is a lack of approved antiviral agents to effectively treat the infection. Flavonoids, including baicalein, have garnered attention for their antimicrobial properties. In this study, we took a rational and iterative approach to develop a series of baicalein derivatives with improved antiviral activity against Dengue virus (DENV). Compound 11064 emerged as a promising lead candidate, exhibiting antiviral activity against the four DENV serotypes and representative strains of Zika virus (ZIKV) in vitro, with attractive selectivity indices. Mechanistic studies revealed that Compound 11064 did not prevent DENV attachment at the cell surface, nor viral RNA synthesis and viral protein translation. Instead, the drug was found to impair the post-receptor binding entry steps (endocytosis and/or uncoating), as well as the late stage of DENV infection cycle, including virus assembly/maturation and/or exocytosis. The inability to raise DENV resistant mutants, combined with significant antiviral activity against an unrelated RNA virus (Enterovirus-A71) suggested that Compound 11064 targets the host rather than a viral protein, further supporting its broad-spectrum antiviral potential. Overall, Compound 11064 represents a promising antiviral candidate for the treatment of Dengue and Zika.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geraldine Nadya Putri
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Mayas Singh
- Foundation for Neglected Disease Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Chin Huan Ng
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fakhriedzwan Fitri Haji Idris
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yukei Oo
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Hwee Yee Tan
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joel Feng Jie Wong
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justin Jang Hann Chu
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Vignesh Selvam
- Foundation for Neglected Disease Research, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | | | - Sylvie Alonso
- Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zulkifli N, Khairat JE, Azman AS, Baharudin NFM, Malek NA, Zainal Abidin SA, AbuBakar S, Hassandarvish P. Antiviral Activities of Streptomyces KSF 103 Methanolic Extracts against Dengue Virus Type-2. Viruses 2023; 15:1773. [PMID: 37632115 PMCID: PMC10459629 DOI: 10.3390/v15081773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue has long been a serious health burden to the global community, especially for those living in the tropics. Despite the availability of vaccines, effective treatment for the infection is still needed and currently remains absent. In the present study, the antiviral properties of the Streptomyces sp. KSF 103 methanolic extract (Streptomyces KSF 103 ME), which consists of a number of potential antiviral compounds, were investigated against dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2). The effects of this extract against DENV-2 replication were determined using the quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Findings from the study suggested that the Streptomyces KSF 103 ME showed maximum inhibitory properties toward the virus during the virus entry stage at concentrations of more than 12.5 µg/mL. Minimal antiviral activities were observed at other virus replication stages; adsorption (42% reduction at 50 µg/mL), post-adsorption (67.6% reduction at 50 µg/mL), prophylactic treatment (68.4% and 87.7% reductions at 50 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL, respectively), and direct virucidal assay (48% and 56.8% reductions at 50 µg/mL and 25 µg/mL, respectively). The Streptomyces KSF 103 ME inhibited dengue virus replication with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 20.3 µg/mL and an International System of Units (SI) value of 38.9. The Streptomyces KSF 103 ME showed potent antiviral properties against dengue virus (DENV) during the entry stage. Further studies will be needed to deduce the antiviral mechanisms of the Streptomyces KSF 103 ME against DENV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nurfatihah Zulkifli
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.Z.); (J.-E.K.); (N.-F.M.B.); (N.-A.M.)
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Level 2, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Jasmine-Elanie Khairat
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.Z.); (J.-E.K.); (N.-F.M.B.); (N.-A.M.)
| | - Adzzie-Shazleen Azman
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Nur-Faralyza Mohd Baharudin
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.Z.); (J.-E.K.); (N.-F.M.B.); (N.-A.M.)
| | - Nurul-Adila Malek
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; (N.Z.); (J.-E.K.); (N.-F.M.B.); (N.-A.M.)
| | - Syafiq-Asnawi Zainal Abidin
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Sazaly AbuBakar
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Level 2, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| | - Pouya Hassandarvish
- Tropical Infectious Diseases Research and Education Centre (TIDREC), Universiti Malaya, Level 2, High Impact Research (HIR) Building, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Norshidah H, Leow CH, Ezleen KE, Wahab HA, Vignesh R, Rasul A, Lai NS. Assessing the potential of NS2B/NS3 protease inhibitors biomarker in curbing dengue virus infections: In silico vs. In vitro approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1061937. [PMID: 36864886 PMCID: PMC9971573 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1061937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in the occurrence of viral infectious diseases is a global concern for human health. According to a WHO report, dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most common viral diseases affecting approximately 400 million people annually, with worsening symptoms in nearly 1% of cases. Both academic and industrial researchers have conducted numerous studies on viral epidemiology, virus structure and function, source and route of infection, treatment targets, vaccines, and drugs. The development of CYD-TDV or Dengvaxia® vaccine has been a major milestone in dengue treatment. However, evidence has shown that vaccines have some drawbacks and limitations. Therefore, researchers are developing dengue antivirals to curb infections. DENV NS2B/NS3 protease is a DENV enzyme essential for replication and virus assembly, making it an interesting antiviral target. For faster hit and lead recognition of DENV targets, methods to screen large number of molecules at lower costs are essential. Similarly, an integrated and multidisciplinary approach involving in silico screening and confirmation of biological activity is required. In this review, we discuss recent strategies for searching for novel DENV NS2B/NS3 protease inhibitors from the in silico and in vitro perspectives, either by applying one of the approaches or by integrating both. Therefore, we hope that our review will encourage researchers to integrate the best strategies and encourage further developments in this area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harun Norshidah
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia,Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
| | - Chiuan Herng Leow
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Habibah A. Wahab
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Ramachandran Vignesh
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur-Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
| | - Azhar Rasul
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Ngit Shin Lai
- Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia,*Correspondence: Harun Norshidah, ; Ramachandran Vignesh, ; Ngit Shin Lai,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mukherjee S, Sharma D, Sharma AK, Jaiswal S, Sharma N, Borah S, Kaur G. Flavan-based phytoconstituents inhibit Mpro, a SARS-COV-2 molecular target, in silico. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022; 40:11545-11559. [PMID: 34348081 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.1960196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A well-validated in-silico approach can provide promising drug candidates for the treatment of the ongoing CoVID19 pandemic. In this study, we have screened 32 phytochemical constituents (PCCs) with Mpro binding site (PDB:6W63) based on which we identified three possible candidates that are likely to be effective against CoVID19-viz., licoleafol (binding energy: -8.1 kcal/mol), epicatechin gallate (-8.5 kcal/mol) and silibinin (-8.4 kcal/mol) that result in higher binding affinity than the known inhibitor, X77 (-7.7 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of PCCs-Mpro complex confirmed molecular docking results with high structural and dynamical stability. The selected compounds were found to exhibit low mean squared displacements (licoleafol: 2.25 ± 0.43 Å, epicatechin gallate: 1.93 ± 0.35 Å, and silibinin: 1.39 ± 0.19 Å) and overall low fluctuations of the binding complexes (root mean squared fluctuations below 2 Å). Visualization of the MD trajectories and structural analyses revealed that they remain confined to the initial binding region, with mean fluctuations lower than 3 Å. To access the collective motion of the atoms, we performed principal component analysis demonstrating that the first 10 principal components are the major contributors (approximate contribution of 80%) and are responsible for the overall PCCs motion. Considering that the three selected PCCs share the same flavan backbone and exhibit antiviral activity against hepatitis C, we opine that licoleafol, epi-catechin gallate, and silibinin can be promising anti-CoVID19 drug candidates. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soham Mukherjee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India.,Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Deepika Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Shreya Jaiswal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Nancy Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| | - Sangkha Borah
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Gurjot Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Design, synthesis, in vitro, in silico, and SAR studies of flavone analogs towards anti-dengue activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:21646. [PMID: 36517573 PMCID: PMC9751290 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25836-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavone has recently been proved as a promising scaffold for the development of a novel drug against dengue fever, one of the major health threats globally. However, the structure-activity relationship study of flavones on the anti-dengue activity remains mostly limited to the natural-occuring analogs. Herein, 27 flavone analogs were successfully synthesized, of which 5 analogs (5e, 5h, 5o, 5q, and 5r) were novel. In total, 33 analogs bearing a diverse range of substituents were evaluated for their efficacy against DENV2-infected LLC/MK2 cells. The introduction of electron-withdrawing groups on ring B such as Br (5m) or NO2 (5n and 5q) enhanced the activity significantly. In particular, the tri-ester 5d and di-ester 5e exhibited low toxicity against normal cell, and exceptional DENV2 inhibition with the EC50 as low as 70 and 68 nM, respectively, which is over 300-fold more active compared to the original baicalein reference. The viral targets for these potent flavone analogs were predicted to be NS5 MTase and NS5 RdRp, as suggested by the likelihood ratios from the molecular docking study. The great binding interaction energy of 8-bromobaicalein (5f) confirms the anti-dengue activity at atomistic level. The physicochemical property of all the synthetic flavone analogs in this study were predicted to be within the acceptable range. Moreover, the QSAR model showed the strong correlation between the anti-dengue activity and the selected molecular descriptors. This study emphasizes the great potential of flavone as a core structure for further development as a novel anti-dengue agent in the future.
Collapse
|
7
|
Dhiman M, Sharma L, Dadhich A, Dhawan P, Sharma MM. Traditional Knowledge to Contemporary Medication in the Treatment of Infectious Disease Dengue: A Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:750494. [PMID: 35359838 PMCID: PMC8963989 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.750494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue has become a worldwide affliction despite incessant efforts to search for a cure for this long-lived disease. Optimistic consequences for dengue vaccine are implausible as the efficiency is tied to previous dengue virus (DENV) exposure and a very high cost is required for large-scale production of vaccine. Medicinal plants are idyllic substitutes to fight DENV infection since they constitute important components of traditional medicine and show antiviral properties, although the mechanism behind the action of bioactive compounds to obstruct viral replication is less explored and yet to be discovered. This review includes the existing traditional knowledge on how DENV infects and multiplies in the host cells, conscripting different medicinal plants that obtained bioactive compounds with anti-dengue properties, and the probable mechanism on how bioactive compounds modulate the host immune system during DENV infection. Moreover, different plant species having such bioactive compounds reported for anti-DENV efficiency should be validated scientifically via different in vitro and in vivo studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mamta Dhiman
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Lakshika Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | - Abhishek Dadhich
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| | | | - M. M. Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gangireddy MSR, Badavath VN, Velez C, Loeanurit N, Thakur A, Maddipati VC, Katari NK, Acevedo O, Boonyasuppayakorn S, Gundla R. Discovery of 3-chlorobenzyl-linked 1,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane derivatives, a lead for dengue virus type 2 infection. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02453a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue virus is a worldwide health threat with 400 million yearly infections. Given a lack in specific therapeutics, the current work reports DENV2 inhibitory activity in newly designed compounds that are more potent than the standard drug ribavirin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vishnu Nayak Badavath
- Department of Microbiology, Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok-10330, Thailand
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, 140401, India
| | - Caroline Velez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Naphat Loeanurit
- Department of Microbiology, Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok-10330, Thailand
- Interdisciplinary Program in Microbiology, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok-10330, Thailand
| | - Abhishek Thakur
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | | | - Naresh Kumar Katari
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India
| | - Orlando Acevedo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33146, USA
| | - Siwaporn Boonyasuppayakorn
- Department of Microbiology, Applied Medical Virology Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok-10330, Thailand
| | - Rambabu Gundla
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, GITAM Deemed to be University, Hyderabad 502329, Telangana, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Sharma V, Sehrawat N, Sharma A, Yadav M, Verma P, Sharma AK. Multifaceted antiviral therapeutic potential of dietary flavonoids: Emerging trends and future perspectives. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2021; 69:2028-2045. [PMID: 34586691 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are the natural biomolecules produced by plants via primary or secondary metabolism, which have been known to have many potential health benefits to human beings. Flavonoids or phytoestrogens constitute a major group of such phytochemicals widely available in variety of vegetables, fruits, herbs, tea, and so forth, implicated in a variety of bio-pharmacological and biochemical activities against diseases including bacterial, viral, cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune disorders. More recently, these natural biomolecules have been shown to have effective antiviral properties via therapeutically active ingredients within them, acting at different stages of infection. Current review emphasizes upon the role of these flavonoids in physiological functions, prevention and treatment of viral diseases. More so the review focuses specifically upon the antiviral effects exhibited by these natural biomolecules against RNA viruses including coronaviruses. Furthermore, the article would certainly provide a lead to the scientific community for the effective therapeutic antiviral use of flavonoids using potential cost-effective tools for improvement of the pharmacokinetics, bioavailability, and biodistribution of such compounds for the concrete action along with the promotion of human health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varruchi Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nirmala Sehrawat
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Career Point University, Hamirpur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mukesh Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Pawan Verma
- Institute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization (ARO), Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Anil K Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar, Ambala, Haryana, India
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Uday RVS, Misra R, Harika A, Dolui S, Saha A, Pal U, Ravichandiran V, Maiti NC. Dabrafenib, idelalisib and nintedanib act as significant allosteric modulator for dengue NS3 protease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0257206. [PMID: 34506566 PMCID: PMC8432871 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Dengue virus (DENV) encodes a unique protease (NS3/NS2B) essential for its maturation and infectivity and, it has become a key target for anti-viral drug design to treat dengue and other flavivirus related infections. Present investigation established that some of the drug molecules currently used mainly in cancer treatment are susceptible to bind non-active site (allosteric site/ cavity) of the NS3 protease enzyme of dengue virus. Computational screening and molecular docking analysis found that dabrafenib, idelalisib and nintedanib can bind at the allosteric site of the enzyme. The binding of the molecules to the allosteric site found to be stabilized via pi-cation and hydrophobic interactions, hydrogen-bond formation and π-stacking interaction with the molecules. Several interacting residues of the enzyme were common in all the five serotypes. However, the interaction/stabilizing forces were not uniformly distributed; the π-stacking was dominated with DENV3 proteases, whereas, a charged/ionic interaction was the major force behind interaction with DENV2 type proteases. In the allosteric cavity of protease from DENV1, the residues Lys73, Lys74, Thr118, Glu120, Val123, Asn152 and Ala164 were involved in active interaction with the three molecules (dabrafenib, idelalisib and nintedanib). Molecular dynamics (MD) analysis further revealed that the molecules on binding to NS3 protease caused significant changes in structural fluctuation and gained enhanced stability. Most importantly, the binding of the molecules effectively perturbed the protein conformation. These changes in the protein conformation and dynamics could generate allosteric modulation and thus may attenuate/alter the NS3 protease functionality and mobility at the active site. Experimental studies may strengthen the notion whether the binding reduce/enhance the catalytic activity of the enzyme, however, it is beyond the scope of this study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. V. Sriram Uday
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajdip Misra
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Annaram Harika
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Dolui
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Achintya Saha
- Department of Chemical Technology, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Uttam Pal
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - V. Ravichandiran
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Kolkata, Chunilal Bhawan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Nakul C. Maiti
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Phytoconstituents as Lead Compounds for Anti-Dengue Drug Discovery. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1322:159-193. [PMID: 34258741 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-0267-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease common in subtropical and tropical regions. The widespread use of traditional medicines in these regions for dengue fever (DF) has encouraged researchers to explore the therapeutic effect of herbs and their phytochemicals in dengue infection. Phytochemicals such as quercetin, baicalein, luteolin, oxindole alkaloids, celastrol and geraniin have shown significant inhibition of dengue virus in vitro. Many phytoconstituents have better selectivity index supporting their safety profile for future development. However, in vivo studies supporting therapeutic potency for these active phytoconstituents are limited. There is a need for studies translating anti-dengue profile of active phytoconstituents to find successful anti-dengue compounds.
Collapse
|
12
|
Rahman MM, Biswas S, Islam KJ, Paul AS, Mahato SK, Ali MA, Halim MA. Antiviral phytochemicals as potent inhibitors against NS3 protease of dengue virus. Comput Biol Med 2021; 134:104492. [PMID: 34022487 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue, a mosquito-borne disease, has appeared as a major infectious disease globally. The virus requires its proteins to replicate and reproduce in the host cell. The NS3 protease converts the polyprotein to functional proteins with the help of the NS2B cofactor. Thus, NS3 protease is a promising target to develop antiviral inhibitors against the dengue virus. A systematic screening including ADMET properties, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, binding free energy calculation, and QSAR studies is carried out to predict potent inhibitors against the NS3 protease. From the screening of 40 antiviral phytochemicals, ADMET properties analysis was used to screen out ligands that violate ADME rules and have probable toxicity. Cyanidin 3-Glucoside, Dithymoquinone, and Glabridin were predicted to be potent inhibitors against the NS3 protease according to their binding affinity. These ligands showed several noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen bond, hydrophobic interaction, electrostatic interaction, pi-sulfur interactions. The ligand-protein complexes were further scrutinized using 250 ns molecular dynamics simulation. The MM-PBSA binding free energy calculation was conducted to investigate their binding stability in dynamic conditions. The calculated pIC50(mM) value was predicted using the QSAR model with 89.91% goodness of fit. The predicted biologocal activity value for the ligands indicates they might have good potency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Mahbubur Rahman
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Biswas
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazi Jahidul Islam
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Archi Sundar Paul
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Shiplob Kumar Mahato
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Ackas Ali
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Computer-Aided Drug Design, The Red-Green Research Centre, BICCB, Tejgaon, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad A Halim
- Department of Physical Sciences, University of Arkansas-Fort Smith, Fort Smith, AR, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang Z, Yang L. Chinese herbal medicine: Fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection on all fronts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113869. [PMID: 33485973 PMCID: PMC7825841 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), a highly pathogenic virus that has spread rapidly across the entire world. There is a critical need to develop safe and effective drugs, especially broad-spectrum antiviral and organ protection agents in order to treat and prevent this dangerous disease. It is possible that Chinese herbal medicine may play an essential role in the treatment of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. AIM OF THE REVIEW We aim to review the use of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of COVID-19 both in vitro and in clinical practice. Our goal was to provide a better understanding of the potential therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine and to establish a "Chinese protocol" for the treatment of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS We systematically reviewed published research relating to traditional Chinese herbal medicines and the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 from inception to the 6th January 2021 by screening a range of digital databases (Web of Science, bioRxiv, medRxiv, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, X-MOL, Wanfang Data, Google Scholar, PubMed, Elsevier, and other resources) and public platforms relating to the management of clinical trials. We included the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines, monomer preparations, crude extracts, and formulas for the treatment of COVID-19. RESULTS In mainland China, a range of Chinese herbal medicines have been recognized as very promising anti-SARS-CoV-2 agents, including active ingredients (quercetagetin, osajin, tetrandrine, proscillaridin A, and dihydromyricetin), monomer preparations (xiyanping injection, matrine-sodium chloride injection, diammonium glycyrrhizinate enteric-coated capsules, and sodium aescinate injection), crude extracts (Scutellariae Radix extract and garlic essential oil), and formulas (Qingfei Paidu decoction, Lianhuaqingwen capsules, and Pudilan Xiaoyan oral liquid). All these agents have potential activity against SARS-CoV-2 and have attracted significant attention due to their activities both in vitro and in clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS As a key component of the COVID-19 treatment regimen, Chinese herbal medicines have played an irreplaceable role in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The "Chinese protocol" has already demonstrated clear clinical importance. The use of Chinese herbal medicines that are capable of inhibiting SARS-Cov-2 infection may help to address this immediate unmet clinical need and may be attractive to other countries that are also seeking new options for effective COVID-19 treatment. Our analyses suggest that countries outside of China should also consider protocols involving Chinese herbal medicines combat this fast-spreading viral infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhonglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Natural Products and Pharmaceutical Intermediates in Colleges and Universities of Shandong Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, PR China.
| | - Liyan Yang
- School of Physics and Physical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sardari S, Rafieian-Kopaei M, Malekmohammad K, Sewell RDE. Review of Phytochemical Compounds as Antiviral Agents Against Arboviruses from the Genera Flavivirus and Alphavirus. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2020; 17:484-497. [PMID: 31969106 DOI: 10.2174/1570163817666200122102443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Arboviruses are a diverse group of viruses that are among the major causes of emerging infectious diseases. Arboviruses from the genera flavivirus and alphavirus are the most important human arboviruses from a public health perspective. During recent decades, these viruses have been responsible for millions of infections and deaths around the world. Over the past few years, several investigations have been carried out to identify antiviral agents to treat these arbovirus infections. The use of synthetic antiviral compounds is often unsatisfactory since they may raise the risk of viral mutation; they are costly and possess either side effects or toxicity. One attractive strategy is the use of plants as promising sources of novel antiviral compounds that present significant inhibitory effects on these viruses. In this review, we describe advances in the exploitation of compounds and extracts from natural sources that target the vital proteins and enzymes involved in arbovirus replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Sardari
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei
- Medical Plants Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Khojasteh Malekmohammad
- Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Robert D E Sewell
- Cardiff School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 NB. Wales, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Flavonoids as Antiviral Agents for Enterovirus A71 ( EV-A71). Viruses 2020; 12:v12020184. [PMID: 32041232 PMCID: PMC7077323 DOI: 10.3390/v12020184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural biomolecules that are known to be effective antivirals. These biomolecules can act at different stages of viral infection, particularly at the molecular level to inhibit viral growth. Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71), a non-enveloped RNA virus, is one of the causative agents of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which is prevalent in Asia. Despite much effort, no clinically approved antiviral treatment is available for children suffering from HFMD. Flavonoids from plants serve as a vast reservoir of therapeutically active constituents that have been explored as potential antiviral candidates against RNA and DNA viruses. Here, we reviewed flavonoids as evidence-based natural sources of antivirals against non-picornaviruses and picornaviruses. The detailed molecular mechanisms involved in the inhibition of EV-A71 infections are discussed.
Collapse
|
16
|
Chang YJ, Pong LY, Hassan SS, Choo WS. Antiviral activity of betacyanins from red pitahaya ( Hylocereus polyrhizus) and red spinach ( Amaranthus dubius) against dengue virus type 2 (GenBank accession no. MH488959). Access Microbiol 2019; 2:acmi000073. [PMID: 33062932 PMCID: PMC7525058 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the antiviral activity of betacyanins from red pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) and red spinach (Amaranthus dubius) against dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2). The pulp of red pitahaya and the leaves of red spinach were extracted using methanol followed by sub-fractionation and Amberlite XAD16N column chromatography to obtain betacyanin fractions. The half maximum cytotoxicity concentration for betacyanin fractions from red pitahaya and red spinach on Vero cells were 4.346 and 2.287 mg ml-1, respectively. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of betacyanin fraction from red pitahaya was 125.8 μg ml-1 with selectivity index (SI) of 5.8. For betacyanin fraction from red spinach, the IC50 value was 14.62 µg ml-1 with SI of 28.51. Using the maximum non-toxic betacyanin concentration, direct virucidal effect against DENV-2 was obtained from betacyanin fraction from red pitahaya (IC50 of 126.70 μg ml-1; 95.0 % virus inhibition) and red spinach (IC50 value of 106.80 μg ml-1; 65.9 % of virus inhibition). Betacyanin fractions from red pitahaya and red spinach inhibited DENV-2 in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jun Chang
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lian Yih Pong
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sharifah S. Hassan
- Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
- Infectious Diseases and Health Cluster, Tropical Medicine and Biology Platform, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wee Sim Choo
- School of Science, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Karami K, Ramezanpour A, Zakariazadeh M, Shahpiri A, Kharaziha M, Kazeminasab A. Luminescent Palladacycles Containing a Pyrene Chromophor; Synthesis, Biological and Computational Studies of the Interaction with DNA and BSA. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201900707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazem Karami
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156/83111 Iran
| | - Azar Ramezanpour
- Department of ChemistryIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156/83111 Iran
| | - Mostafa Zakariazadeh
- Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences (RIFS) University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - Azar Shahpiri
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Mahshid Kharaziha
- Department of Materials EngineeringIsfahan Univezrsity of Technology Isfahan Iran
| | - Akram Kazeminasab
- Department of BiotechnologyCollege of AgricultureIsfahan University of Technology Isfahan Iran
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Baicalein and baicalin as Zika virus inhibitors. Arch Virol 2018; 164:585-593. [PMID: 30392049 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-4083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
At present, there is no effective antiviral agent for Zika virus (ZIKV), an arbovirus that is known for its teratogenic effects on newborns. Baicalein and baicalin were found to be capable of downregulating ZIKV replication up to 10 hours postinfection, while prophylactic effects were evident in pre-treated cells. Baicalein exhibited its highest potency during intracellular ZIKV replication, whereas baicalin was most effective against virus entry. Our in silico interaction assays predicted that both compounds exhibited the strongest binding affinities towards ZIKV NS5, while the virus envelope glycoprotein was the least likely target protein. These findings serve as a crucial platform for further in-depth studies to decipher the underlying anti-ZIKV mechanism(s) of each compound.
Collapse
|
19
|
Liang Z, Li QX. Discovery of Selective, Substrate-Competitive, and Passive Membrane Permeable Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and Molecular Modeling of New C-Glycosylflavones. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1166-1183. [PMID: 29381861 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) is a key enzyme responsible for tau hyperphosphorylation and is a viable therapeutic target of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We developed a new class of GSK-3β inhibitors based on the 6- C-glycosylflavone isoorientin (1). The new inhibitors are passive membrane permeable and constitutively attenuate GSK-3β mediated tau hyperphosphorylation and amyloid neurotoxicity in an AD cellular model. Enzymatic assays and kinetic studies demonstrated that compound 30 is a GSK-3β substrate-competitive inhibitor with distinct kinase selectivity, isoform-selectivity and over 310-fold increased potency as compared to 1. Structure-activity relationship analyses and in silico modeling suggest the mechanism of actions by which the hydrophobic, π-cation, and orthogonal multipolar interactions of 30 with the substrate site are critical for the GSK-3β inhibition and selectivity. The results provide new insights into GSK-3β drug discovery. The new inhibitors are valuable chemical probes and drug leads with therapeutic potential to tackle AD and other GSK-3β relevant diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Liang
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liang Z, Li QX. π-Cation Interactions in Molecular Recognition: Perspectives on Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:3315-3323. [PMID: 29522678 PMCID: PMC7357627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The π-cation interaction that differs from the cation-π interaction is a valuable concept in molecular design of pharmaceuticals and pesticides. In this Perspective we present an up-to-date review (from 1995 to 2017) on bioactive molecules involving π-cation interactions with the recognition site, and categorize into systems of inhibitor-enzyme, ligand-receptor, ligand-transporter, and hapten-antibody. The concept of π-cation interactions offers use of π systems in a small molecule to enhance the binding affinity, specificity, selectivity, lipophilicity, bioavailability, and metabolic stability, which are physiochemical features desired for drugs and pesticides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing X. Li
- Corresponding Author: . Fax: (808) 965-3542
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Oo A, Rausalu K, Merits A, Higgs S, Vanlandingham D, Bakar SA, Zandi K. Deciphering the potential of baicalin as an antiviral agent for Chikungunya virus infection. Antiviral Res 2018; 150:101-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2017.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
22
|
Flavonoids: promising natural compounds against viral infections. Arch Virol 2017; 162:2539-2551. [PMID: 28547385 PMCID: PMC7087220 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-017-3417-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 259] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are widely distributed as secondary metabolites produced by plants and play important roles in plant physiology, having a variety of potential biological benefits such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity. Different flavonoids have been investigated for their potential antiviral activities and several of them exhibited significant antiviral properties in in vitro and even in vivo studies. This review summarizes the evidence for antiviral activity of different flavonoids, highlighting, where investigated, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action on viruses. We also present future perspectives on therapeutic applications of flavonoids against viral infections.
Collapse
|
23
|
Tambunan USF, Nasution MAF, Azhima F, Parikesit AA, Toepak EP, Idrus S, Kerami D. Modification of S-Adenosyl-l-Homocysteine as Inhibitor of Nonstructural Protein 5 Methyltransferase Dengue Virus Through Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. Drug Target Insights 2017; 11:1177392817701726. [PMID: 28469408 PMCID: PMC5404899 DOI: 10.1177/1177392817701726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dengue fever is still a major threat worldwide, approximately threatening two-fifths of the world's population in tropical and subtropical countries. Nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) methyltransferase enzyme plays a vital role in the process of messenger RNA capping of dengue by transferring methyl groups from S-adenosyl-l-methionine to N7 atom of the guanine bases of RNA and the RNA ribose group of 2'OH, resulting in S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH). The modification of SAH compound was screened using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation, along with computational ADME-Tox (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) test. The 2 simulations were performed using Molecular Operating Environment (MOE) 2008.10 software, whereas the ADME-Tox test was performed using various software. The modification of SAH compound was done using several functional groups that possess different polarities and properties, resulting in 3460 ligands to be docked. After conducting docking simulation, we earned 3 best ligands (SAH-M331, SAH-M2696, and SAH-M1356) based on ΔGbinding and molecular interactions, which show better results than the standard ligands. Moreover, the results of molecular dynamics simulation show that the best ligands are still able to maintain the active site residue interaction with the binding site until the end of the simulation. After a series of molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation were performed, we concluded that SAH-M1356 ligand is the most potential SAH-based compound to inhibit NS5 methyltransferase enzyme for treating dengue fever.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Usman Sumo Friend Tambunan
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | | | - Fauziah Azhima
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Arli Aditya Parikesit
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Erwin Prasetya Toepak
- Bioinformatics Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Syarifuddin Idrus
- Industrial Standardization Laboratory, Ministry of Industrial Affair, Ambon, Indonesia
| | - Djati Kerami
- Mathematics Computation Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, University of Indonesia, Depok, Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Anusuya S, Gromiha MM. Quercetin derivatives as non-nucleoside inhibitors for dengue polymerase: molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and binding free energy calculation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2016; 35:2895-2909. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2016.1234416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Anusuya
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - M. Michael Gromiha
- Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| |
Collapse
|