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Sun YD, Zhang H, Li YM, Han JJ. Abnormal metabolism in hepatic stellate cells: Pandora's box of MAFLD related hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189086. [PMID: 38342420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is a significant risk factor for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), as key mediators in liver injury response, are believed to play a crucial role in the repair process of liver injury. However, in MAFLD patients, the normal metabolic and immunoregulatory mechanisms of HSCs become disrupted, leading to disturbances in the local microenvironment. Abnormally activated HSCs are heavily involved in the initiation and progression of HCC. The metabolic disorders and abnormal activation of HSCs not only initiate liver fibrosis but also contribute to carcinogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of recent research progress on the relationship between the abnormal metabolism of HSCs and the local immune system in the liver, elucidating the mechanisms of immune imbalance caused by abnormally activated HSCs in MAFLD patients. Based on this understanding, we discuss the potential and challenges of metabolic-based and immunology-based mechanisms in the treatment of MAFLD-related HCC, with a specific focus on the role of HSCs in HCC progression and their potential as targets for anti-cancer therapy. This review aims to enhance researchers' understanding of the importance of HSCs in maintaining normal liver function and highlights the significance of HSCs in the progression of MAFLD-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Dong Sun
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China
| | - Yuan-Min Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, China
| | - Jian-Jun Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute Affiliated Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, China.
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Takemura M, Mochizuki K, Harada Y, Okajima A, Hayakawa M, Dai P, Itoh Y, Tanaka H. Label-free Assessment of the Nascent State of Rat Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Using Spontaneous Raman Microscopy. Acta Histochem Cytochem 2022; 55:57-66. [PMID: 35509867 PMCID: PMC9043435 DOI: 10.1267/ahc.22-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Spontaneous Raman microscopy, which can detect molecular vibrations in cells and tissues, could be a useful tool for the label-free assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, it is unclear whether it can be used to evaluate the nascent state of NAFLD. To address this, we analyzed the Raman spectra of rat liver tissues in the nascent state of NAFLD upon excitation at 532 nm. Raman and histochemical analyses were performed of liver tissues from rats fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD). Raman microscopic imaging analysis of formalin-fixed thin tissue slices showed hepatic steatosis, as revealed by the Raman band at 2,854 cm-1, whereas lipid droplets were not detectable by hematoxylin-eosin staining of images until 3 days after feeding a HFHCD. Raman signals of retinol at 1,588 cm-1 emitted from hepatic stellate cells were distributed alongside hepatic cords; the retinol content rapidly decreased after feeding a HFHCD, whereas hepatic lipid content increased inversely. Raman microscopic analysis of the surface of fresh ex vivo livers enabled early detection of lipid accumulation after a 1-day feeding a HFHCD. In conclusion, spontaneous Raman microscopy can be applied to the label-free evaluation of the nascent state of NAFLD liver tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Takemura
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
- Department of Molecular Gatroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Kentaro Mochizuki
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Harada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Akira Okajima
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
- Department of Molecular Gatroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Michiyo Hayakawa
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Ping Dai
- Department of Cellular Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Yoshito Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gatroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
| | - Hideo Tanaka
- Department of Pathology and Cell Regulation, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602–8566, Japan
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Distinct Chemical Changes in Abdominal but Not in Thoracic Aorta upon Atherosclerosis Studied Using Fiber Optic Raman Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144838. [PMID: 32650594 PMCID: PMC7402309 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fiber optic Raman spectroscopy and Raman microscopy were used to investigate alterations in the aorta wall and the surrounding perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the murine model of atherosclerosis (Apoe-/-/Ldlr-/- mice). Both abdominal and thoracic parts of the aorta were studied to account for the heterogenic chemical composition of aorta and its localization-dependent response in progression of atherosclerosis. The average Raman spectra obtained for both parts of aorta cross sections revealed that the chemical composition of intima-media layers along aorta remains relatively homogeneous while the lipid content in the adventitia layer markedly increases with decreasing distance to PVAT. Moreover, our results demonstrate that the increase of the lipid to protein ratio in the aorta wall correlates directly with the increased unsaturation level of lipids in PVAT and these changes occur only in the abdominal, but not in thoracic, aorta. In summary, distinct pathophysiological response in the aortic vascular wall could be uncovered by fiber optic Raman spectroscopy based on simple parameters detecting chemical contents of lipids in PVAT.
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Shen R, Li Y, Yu L, Wu H, Cui R, Liu S, Song Y, Wang D. Ex vivo detection of cadmium-induced renal damage by using confocal Raman spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900157. [PMID: 31407491 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal which is harmful to environment and organisms. The reabsorption of Cd in kidney leads it to be the main damaged organ in animals under the Cd exposure. In this work, we applied confocal Raman spectroscopy to map the pathological changes in situ in normal and Cd-exposed mice kidney. The renal tissue from Cd-exposed group displayed a remarkable decreasing in the intensity of typical peaks related to mitochondria, DNA, proteins and lipids. On the contrary, the peaks of collagen in Cd-exposed group elevated significantly. The components in each tissue were identified and distinguished by principal component analysis. Furthermore, all the biological investigations in this study were consistent with the Raman spectrum detection, which revealed the progression and degree of lesion induced by Cd. The confocal Raman spectroscopy provides a new perspective for in situ monitoring of substances changes in tissues, which exhibits more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of heavy metals in molecular toxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yuee Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Linghui Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Haining Wu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Rong Cui
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Sha Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanfeng Song
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Degui Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Tfaili S, Al Assaad A, Fournier N, Allaoui F, Paul JL, Chaminade P, Tfayli A. Investigation of lipid modifications in J774 macrophages by vibrational spectroscopies after eicosapentaenoic acid membrane incorporation in unloaded and cholesterol-loaded cells. Talanta 2019; 199:54-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Szafraniec E, Kus E, Wislocka A, Kukla B, Sierka E, Untereiner V, Sockalingum GD, Chlopicki S, Baranska M. Raman spectroscopy-based insight into lipid droplets presence and contents in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells and hepatocytes. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201800290. [PMID: 30578586 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201800290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs), a type of endothelial cells with unique morphology and function, play an important role in the liver hemostasis, and LSECs dysfunction is involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Here, we employed Raman imaging and chemometric data analysis in order to characterize the presence of lipid droplets (LDs) and their lipid content in primary murine LSECs, in comparison with hepatocytes, isolated from mice on high-fat diet. On NAFLD development, LDs content in LSECs changed toward more unsaturated lipids, and this response was associated with an increased expression of stearylo-CoA desaturase-1. To the best of our knowledge, this is a first report characterizing LDs in LSECs, where their chemical composition is analyzed along the progression of NAFLD at the level of single LD using Raman imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Szafraniec
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrianna Wislocka
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bozena Kukla
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Sierka
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Valérie Untereiner
- Plateforme d'Imagerie Cellulaire et Tissulaire (PICT), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Ganesh D Sockalingum
- BioSpecT-BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Masaki N, Okazaki S. Selective delivery of laser energy to ester bonds of triacylglycerol in lipid droplets of adipocyte using a quantum cascade laser. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 9:2095-2103. [PMID: 29760972 PMCID: PMC5946773 DOI: 10.1364/boe.9.002095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The recent development of quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) has facilitated the irradiation of a mid-infrared laser beam that is specifically absorbed by a target molecular bond. Aiming for a selective delivery of laser energy to a specific absorption at 1,738 cm-1 by the ester bonds of triacylglycerol (TAG), a QCL beam with a wavenumber of 1,710 cm-1 was irradiated to 3T3-L1 adipocytes and preadipocytes. Neutral red staining, and FITC-labeled annexin V and ethidium homodimer-III assays revealed the occurrence of adipocyte-specific cell death 24 h after QCL irradiation. The selective delivery of laser energy to endogenous molecules can affect biological processes in a living organism.
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Pacia MZ, Czamara K, Zebala M, Kus E, Chlopicki S, Kaczor A. Rapid diagnostics of liver steatosis by Raman spectroscopyviafiber optic probe: a pilot study. Analyst 2018; 143:4723-4731. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00289d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopyviafiber optic probes enables assessment of the liver condition and rapid quantification of liver steatosis, thus, this technique has the potential as a diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Z. Pacia
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Krzysztof Czamara
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Magdalena Zebala
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry
| | - Edyta Kus
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Faculty of Chemistry
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Tott S, Grosicki M, Klimas B, Augustynska D, Chlopicki S, Baranska M. Raman spectroscopic features of primary cardiac microvascular endothelial cells (CMECs) isolated from the murine heart. Analyst 2018; 143:6079-6086. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01308j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Gaining knowledge on the biochemical profile of primary endothelial cells on a subcellular level can contribute to better understanding of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Tott
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
| | - Marek Grosicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Beata Klimas
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Dominika Augustynska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-348 Krakow
- Poland
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology
| | - Malgorzata Baranska
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Jagiellonian University
- 30-387 Krakow
- Poland
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET)
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