Long Stokes shifts and vibronic couplings in perfluorinated polyanilines

Electrochemical deposition of highly hydrophobic perfluorinated polyaniline film for biosensor applications

Highly hydrophobic perfluorinated polyaniline thin films with water contact angle of ∼140° and low internal resistance properties are prepared through electrochemical polymerization. UV-visible spectroscopy demonstrates a gradual evolution of the polaron band which indicates the electronic conductive properties of the polymers. Simultaneous possession of the water-repelling property and electron conductivity for superhydrophobic perfluorinated polyaniline leads to a unique polymer that is suitable as a solid contact in ion-selective electrodes for in situ monitoring of pH changes during early stages of inflammation and septic shock. The superhydrophobic properties should suppress interactions with interfering salts and proteins, and the sensitivity towards protons could be monitored by measuring the phase boundary potential, which depends on the H⁺ concentration. The potentiometric measurements demonstrate a fast response with a slope of 44.4 ± 0.2 mV per unit pH. The presence of interfering ions and/or human serum albumin does not have any significant effect on the performance of the perfluorinated film. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the response of the perfluorinated film is reversible within the biomedically relevant pH range from 4.0 to 8.5, and stable over time.

Simultaneous possession of the water-repelling property and electron conductivity for superhydrophobic perfluorinated polyaniline leads to a unique polymer that is suitable for in situ monitoring of pH changes during early stages of inflammation and septic shock.