1
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Kang W, Zou T, Liang Y, Lei H, Zhang R, Kang J, Sun Z, Li X, Ge S, Zhang C. An integrated preventive and therapeutic magnetic nanoparticle loaded with rhamnolipid and vancomycin for combating subgingival biofilms. Dent Mater 2024:S0109-5641(24)00253-7. [PMID: 39174419 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mechanical debridement supplemented with antibacterial agents effectively eradicates subgingival biofilms formed in the periodontal pockets of severe periodontitis patients. However, the available antimicrobial agents have limited penetrating ability to kill the bacteria encased in the deep layers of biofilms. This study aimed to fabricate a novel magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) loaded with rhamnolipid (RL) and vancomycin (Vanc, Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4) to combat subgingival biofilms. METHODS The multispecies subgingival biofilm was formed by periodontal pathogens, including Streptococcus oralis (S. oralis), Streptococcus sanguinis (S. sanguinis), Actinomyces naeslundii (A. naeslundii), Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum). Scanning electron microscope (SEM), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to determine the anti-biofilm efficacy of Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 with or without a magnetic field on multispecies subgingival biofilms. RESULTS The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 on S. oralis, S. sanguinis, A. naeslundii, P. gingivalis, and F. nucleatum were 25, 50, 100, 50, and 25 μg/mL, respectively. Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 (200 μg/mL) reduced the 7-d biofilm thickness from 22 to 13 µm by degrading extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) and killing most bacteria except for tolerant F. nucleatum. A magnetic field enhanced the anti-biofilm effect of Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 by facilitating its penetration into the bottom layers of biofilms and killing tolerant F. nucleatum. SIGNIFICANCE Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 MNPs can release RL, Vanc, and Ag and eradicate subgingival biofilms by disrupting EPS and killing bacteria. Vanc/RL-Ag@Fe3O4 combined with a magnetic force is a promising approach for combating periodontal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyan Kang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Zou
- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ye Liang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huaxiang Lei
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Endodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, No. 89 East Wujiang Road, 563000 Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Jun Kang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenquan Sun
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shaohua Ge
- Department of Periodontology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Research Center of Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, No.44-1 Wenhua Road West, 250012 Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Restorative Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Yu J, Li C, Zhang W, Li Y, Miao W, Huang H. Photodynamic black phosphorus nanosheets functionalized with polymyxin B for targeted ablation of drug-resistant mixed-species biofilms. J Control Release 2024; 372:795-809. [PMID: 38960150 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.06.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Biofilms, particularly those formed by multiple bacterial species, pose significant economic and environmental challenges, especially in the context of medical implants. Addressing the urgent need for effective treatment strategies that do not exacerbate drug resistance, we developed a novel nanoformulation, Ce6&PMb@BPN, based on black phosphorus nanosheets (BPN) for targeted treatment of mixed-species biofilms formed by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).The formulation leverages polymyxin B (PMb) for bacterial targeting and chlorin e6 (Ce6) for photodynamic action. Upon near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, Ce6&PMb@BPN efficiently eliminates biofilms by combining chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT), reducing biofilm biomass significantly within 30 min. In vivo studies on mice infected with mixed-species biofilm-coated catheters demonstrated the formulation's potent antibacterial and biofilm ablation effects. Moreover, comprehensive biosafety evaluations confirmed the excellent biocompatibility of Ce6&PMb@BPN. Taken together, this intelligently designed nanoformulation holds potential for effectively treating biofilm-associated infections, addressing the urgent need for strategies to combat antibiotic-resistant biofilms, particularly mixed-species biofilm, in medical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Chenhui Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Weipeng Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, Hainan, China
| | - Wenjun Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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3
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Elafify M, Liao X, Feng J, Ahn J, Ding T. Biofilm formation in food industries: Challenges and control strategies for food safety. Food Res Int 2024; 190:114650. [PMID: 38945629 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Various pathogens have the ability to grow on food matrices and instruments. This grow may reach to form biofilms. Bacterial biofilms are community of microorganisms embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) containing lipids, DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides. These EPSs provide a tolerance and favorable living condition for microorganisms. Biofilm formations could not only contribute a risk for food safety but also have negative impacts on healthcare sector. Once biofilms form, they reveal resistances to traditional detergents and disinfectants, leading to cross-contamination. Inhibition of biofilms formation and abolition of mature biofilms is the main target for controlling of biofilm hazards in the food industry. Some novel eco-friendly technologies such as ultrasound, ultraviolet, cold plasma, magnetic nanoparticles, different chemicals additives as vitamins, D-amino acids, enzymes, antimicrobial peptides, and many other inhibitors provide a significant value on biofilm inhibition. These anti-biofilm agents represent promising tools for food industries and researchers to interfere with different phases of biofilms including adherence, quorum sensing molecules, and cell-to-cell communication. This perspective review highlights the biofilm formation mechanisms, issues associated with biofilms, environmental factors influencing bacterial biofilm development, and recent strategies employed to control biofilm-forming bacteria in the food industry. Further studies are still needed to explore the effects of biofilm regulation in food industries and exploit more regulation strategies for improving the quality and decreasing economic losses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Elafify
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovative Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Xinyu Liao
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovative Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China
| | - Jinsong Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China
| | - Juhee Ahn
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovative Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; Department of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24341, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tian Ding
- Future Food Laboratory, Innovative Center of Yangtze River Delta, Zhejiang University, Jiashan 314100, China; College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China.
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4
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Li Y, Liang X, Chen N, Yuan X, Wang J, Wu Q, Ding Y. The promotion of biofilm dispersion: a new strategy for eliminating foodborne pathogens in the food industry. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2024:1-25. [PMID: 39054781 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2024.2354524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Food safety is a critical global concern due to its direct impact on human health and overall well-being. In the food processing environment, biofilm formation by foodborne pathogens poses a significant problem as it leads to persistent and high levels of food contamination, thereby compromising the quality and safety of food. Therefore, it is imperative to effectively remove biofilms from the food processing environment to ensure food safety. Unfortunately, conventional cleaning methods fall short of adequately removing biofilms, and they may even contribute to further contamination of both equipment and food. It is necessary to develop alternative approaches that can address this challenge in food industry. One promising strategy in tackling biofilm-related issues is biofilm dispersion, which represents the final step in biofilm development. Here, we discuss the biofilm dispersion mechanism of foodborne pathogens and elucidate how biofilm dispersion can be employed to control and mitigate biofilm-related problems. By shedding light on these aspects, we aim to provide valuable insights and solutions for effectively addressing biofilm contamination issues in food industry, thus enhancing food safety and ensuring the well-being of consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangfu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinmin Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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5
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Sun G, Huang S, Wang S, Li Y. Nanomaterial-based drug-delivery system as an aid to antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in treating oral biofilm. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:741-759. [PMID: 38683167 PMCID: PMC11259068 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Diverse microorganisms live as biofilm in the mouth accounts for oral diseases and treatment failure. For decades, the prevention and treatment of oral biofilm is a global challenge. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) holds promise for oral biofilm elimination due to its several traits, including broad-spectrum antimicrobial capacity, lower possibility of resistance and low cytotoxicity. However, the physicochemical properties of photosensitizers and the biological barrier of oral biofilm have limited the efficiency of aPDT. Nanomaterials has been used to fabricate nanocarriers to improve photosensitizer properties and thus enhance antimicrobial effect. In this review, we have discussed the challenges of aPDT used in dentistry, categorized the nanomaterial-delivery system and listed the possible mechanisms involved in nanomaterials when enhancing aPDT effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanwen Sun
- Department of stomatology, Fujian Medical University Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shaofeng Wang
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Yijun Li
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Stomatological Disease Diagnosis & Treatment, Xiamen, China
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6
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Aboelnaga N, Elsayed SW, Abdelsalam NA, Salem S, Saif NA, Elsayed M, Ayman S, Nasr M, Elhadidy M. Deciphering the dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: from molecular signaling to nanotherapeutic advances. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:188. [PMID: 38519959 PMCID: PMC10958940 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01511-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) represents a global threat, necessitating the development of effective solutions to combat this emerging superbug. In response to selective pressures within healthcare, community, and livestock settings, MRSA has evolved increased biofilm formation as a multifaceted virulence and defensive mechanism, enabling the bacterium to thrive in harsh conditions. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms contributing to biofilm formation across its developmental stages, hence representing a step forward in developing promising strategies for impeding or eradicating biofilms. During staphylococcal biofilm development, cell wall-anchored proteins attach bacterial cells to biotic or abiotic surfaces; extracellular polymeric substances build scaffolds for biofilm formation; the cidABC operon controls cell lysis within the biofilm, and proteases facilitate dispersal. Beside the three main sequential stages of biofilm formation (attachment, maturation, and dispersal), this review unveils two unique developmental stages in the biofilm formation process for MRSA; multiplication and exodus. We also highlighted the quorum sensing as a cell-to-cell communication process, allowing distant bacterial cells to adapt to the conditions surrounding the bacterial biofilm. In S. aureus, the quorum sensing process is mediated by autoinducing peptides (AIPs) as signaling molecules, with the accessory gene regulator system playing a pivotal role in orchestrating the production of AIPs and various virulence factors. Several quorum inhibitors showed promising anti-virulence and antibiofilm effects that vary in type and function according to the targeted molecule. Disrupting the biofilm architecture and eradicating sessile bacterial cells are crucial steps to prevent colonization on other surfaces or organs. In this context, nanoparticles emerge as efficient carriers for delivering antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents throughout the biofilm architecture. Although metal-based nanoparticles have been previously used in combatting biofilms, its non-degradability and toxicity within the human body presents a real challenge. Therefore, organic nanoparticles in conjunction with quorum inhibitors have been proposed as a promising strategy against biofilms. As nanotherapeutics continue to gain recognition as an antibiofilm strategy, the development of more antibiofilm nanotherapeutics could offer a promising solution to combat biofilm-mediated resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirmeen Aboelnaga
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Salma W Elsayed
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nehal Adel Abdelsalam
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Salma Salem
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nehal A Saif
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Manar Elsayed
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shehab Ayman
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elhadidy
- Center for Genomics, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
- Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt.
- Department of Bacteriology, Mycology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Zafer MM, Mohamed GA, Ibrahim SRM, Ghosh S, Bornman C, Elfaky MA. Biofilm-mediated infections by multidrug-resistant microbes: a comprehensive exploration and forward perspectives. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:101. [PMID: 38353831 PMCID: PMC10867068 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03826-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
A biofilm is a collection of microorganisms organized in a matrix of extracellular polymeric material. Biofilms consist of microbial cells that attach to both surfaces and each other, whether they are living or non-living. These microbial biofilms can lead to hospital-acquired infections and are generally detrimental. They possess the ability to resist the human immune system and antibiotics. The National Institute of Health (NIH) states that biofilm formation is associated with 65% of all microbial illnesses and 80% of chronic illnesses. Additionally, non-device-related microbial biofilm infections include conditions like cystic fibrosis, otitis media, infective endocarditis, and chronic inflammatory disorders. This review aims to provide an overview of research on chronic infections caused by microbial biofilms, methods used for biofilm detection, recent approaches to combat biofilms, and future perspectives, including the development of innovative antimicrobial strategies such as antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, and agents that disrupt biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai M Zafer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Gamal A Mohamed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabrin R M Ibrahim
- Department of Chemistry, Preparatory Year Program, Batterjee Medical College, 21442, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Soumya Ghosh
- Natural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Charné Bornman
- Department of Engineering Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud A Elfaky
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
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8
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Li B, Mao J, Wu J, Mao K, Jia Y, Chen F, Liu J. Nano-Bio Interactions: Biofilm-Targeted Antibacterial Nanomaterials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306135. [PMID: 37803439 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm is a spatially organized community formed by the accumulation of both microorganisms and their secretions, leading to persistent and chronic infections because of high resistance toward conventional antibiotics. In view of the tunable physicochemical properties and the related unique biological behavior (e.g., size-, shape-, and surface charge-dependent penetration, protein corona endowed targeting, catalytic- and electronic-related oxidative stress, optical- and magnetic-associated hyperthermia, etc.), nanomaterials-based therapeutics are widely used for the treatment of biofilm-associated infections. In this review, the biological characteristics of biofilm are introduced. And the nanomaterials-based antibacterial strategies are further discussed via biofilm targeting, including preventing biofilm formation, enhancing biofilm penetration, disrupting the mature biofilm, and acting as drug delivery systems. In which, the interactions between biofilm and nanomaterials include mechanical disruption, electron transfer, enzymatic degradation, oxidative stress, and hyperthermia. Additionally, the current advances of nanomaterials for antibacterial nanomaterials by biofilm targeting are summarized. This review aims to present a complete vision of antibacterial nanomaterials-biofilm (nano-bio) interactions, paving the way for the future development and clinical translation of effective antibacterial nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Mao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jiawei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Kerou Mao
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Yangrui Jia
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Fulin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Life Science and Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710069, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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9
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Migration of surface-associated microbial communities in spaceflight habitats. Biofilm 2023; 5:100109. [PMID: 36909662 PMCID: PMC9999172 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2023.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Astronauts are spending longer periods locked up in ships or stations for scientific and exploration spatial missions. The International Space Station (ISS) has been inhabited continuously for more than 20 years and the duration of space stays by crews could lengthen with the objectives of human presence on the moon and Mars. If the environment of these space habitats is designed for the comfort of astronauts, it is also conducive to other forms of life such as embarked microorganisms. The latter, most often associated with surfaces in the form of biofilm, have been implicated in significant degradation of the functionality of pieces of equipment in space habitats. The most recent research suggests that microgravity could increase the persistence, resistance and virulence of pathogenic microorganisms detected in these communities, endangering the health of astronauts and potentially jeopardizing long-duration manned missions. In this review, we describe the mechanisms and dynamics of installation and propagation of these microbial communities associated with surfaces (spatial migration), as well as long-term processes of adaptation and evolution in these extreme environments (phenotypic and genetic migration), with special reference to human health. We also discuss the means of control envisaged to allow a lasting cohabitation between these vibrant microscopic passengers and the astronauts.
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Król JE, Ehrlich GD. Using SMART Magnetic Fluids and Gels for Prevention and Destruction of Bacterial Biofilms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1515. [PMID: 37375017 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofouling is a major problem in all natural and artificial settings where solid surfaces meet liquids in the presence of living microorganisms. Microbes attach to the surface and form a multidimensional slime that protects them from unfavorable environments. These structures, known as biofilms, are detrimental and very hard to remove. Here, we used SMART magnetic fluids [ferrofluids (FFs), magnetorheological fluids (MRFs), and ferrogels (FGs) containing iron oxide nano/microparticles] and magnetic fields to remove bacterial biofilms from culture tubes, glass slides, multiwell plates, flow cells, and catheters. We compared the ability of different SMART fluids to remove biofilms and found that commercially available, as well as homemade, FFs, MRFs, and FGs can successfully remove biofilm more efficiently than traditional mechanical methods, especially from textured surfaces. In tested conditions, SMARTFs reduced bacterial biofilms by five orders of magnitude. The ability to remove biofilm increased with the amount of magnetic particles; therefore, MRFs, FG, and homemade FFs with high amounts of iron oxide were the most efficient. We showed also that SMART fluid deposition can protect a surface from bacterial attachment and biofilm formation. Possible applications of these technologies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosƚaw E Król
- Center for Surgical Infections and Biofilms, Center for Advanced Microbial Processing, Center for Genomic Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Garth D Ehrlich
- Center for Surgical Infections and Biofilms, Center for Advanced Microbial Processing, Center for Genomic Sciences, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department Head and Neck Surgery, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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11
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Eghbalifam N, Shojaosadati SA, Hashemi-Najafabadi S. Role of bioactive magnetic nanoparticles in the prevention of wound pathogenic biofilm formation using smart nanocomposites. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:161. [PMID: 37211593 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-01905-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biofilm formation and its resistance to various antibiotics is a serious health problem in the treatment of wound infections. An ideal wound dressing should have characteristics such as protection of wound from microbial infection, suitable porosity (to absorb wound exudates), proper permeability (to maintain wound moisture), nontoxicity, and biocompatibility. Although silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been investigated as antimicrobial agents, their limitations in penetrating into the biofilm, affecting their efficiency, have consistently been an area for further research. RESULTS Consequently, in this study, the optimal amounts of natural and synthetic polymers combination, along with AgNPs, accompanied by iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs), were utilized to fabricate a smart bionanocomposite that meets all the requirements of an ideal wound dressing. Superparamagnetic IONPs (with the average size of 11.8 nm) were synthesized through co-precipitation method using oleic acid to improve their stability. It was found that the addition of IONPs to bionanocomposites had a synergistic effect on their antibacterial and antibiofilm properties. Cytotoxicity assay results showed that nanoparticles does not considerably affect eukaryotic cells compared to prokaryotic cells. Based on the images obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), significant AgNPs release was observed when an external magnetic field (EMF) was applied to the bionanocomposites loaded with IONPs, which increased the antibacterial activity and inhibited the formation of biofilm significantly. CONCLUSION These finding indicated that the nanocomposite recommended can have an efficient properties for the management of wounds through prevention and treatment of antibiotic-resistant biofilm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naeimeh Eghbalifam
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, 14155-4838, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Sameereh Hashemi-Najafabadi
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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12
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Mao Z, Peng X, Chen H. Sunlight propelled two-dimensional nanorobots with enhanced mechanical damage of bacterial membrane. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 235:119900. [PMID: 37001231 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pollution in water sources poses a serious threat to human health and causes a water crisis. To treat it efficiently and ecologically, many studies have explored the antibacterial properties of two-dimensional nanomaterials in water, but their static antibacterial modes limit their effectiveness. In this work, we designed a facile and effective antibacterial nanorobots by loading super small gold nanorods (sAuNR) onto the surface of MXene nanosheets (MXene@sAuNR). The plasmon resonance effect of sAuNR can enhance the optical absorption cross section of the nanorobots, thereby improving their motion ability under irradiation and then causing cell membrane mechanical damage to bacteria. Our research proved that nanorobots with good optical driving characteristics displayed gratifying antibacterial properties even at ultra-low concentration as 5 µg/mL within 30 min. Furthermore, the nanorobots showed satisfactory antibacterial efficiency in real river samples under sunlight irradiation. These nanorobots presented in this study provides valuable insights towards designing self-energy collection and self-driving antibacterial materials that overcome the shortcomings of conventional static antibacterial methods. As sunlight is the cheapest and natural light source, these nanorobots have opened an effective and sustainable way for large-scale treatment of bacterial pollution in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Mao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xinsheng Peng
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Hongxia Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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13
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Skosana P, Mudenda S, Demana PH, Witika BA. Exploring Nanotechnology as a Strategy to Circumvent Antimicrobial Resistance in Bone and Joint Infections. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:15865-15882. [PMID: 37179611 PMCID: PMC10173345 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Bone and joint infections (BJIs) are difficult to treat, necessitating antimicrobial therapy at high doses for an extended period of time, in some cases different from our local guidelines. As a consequence of the rise in antimicrobial-resistant organisms, drugs that were previously reserved for last-line defense are now being used as first line treatment, and the pill burden and adverse effects on patients are leading to nonadherence, encouraging antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to these last-resort medicines. Nanodrug delivery is the field of pharmaceutical sciences and drug delivery which combines nanotechnology with chemotherapy and/or diagnostics to improve treatment and diagnostic outcomes by targeting specific cells or tissues affected. Delivery systems based on lipids, polymers, metals, and sugars have been used in an attempt to provide a way around AMR. This technology has the potential to improve drug delivery by targeting the site of infection and using the appropriate amount of antibiotics to treat BJIs caused by highly resistant organisms. This Review aims to provide an in-depth examination of various nanodrug delivery systems used to target the causative agents in BJI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phumzile
P. Skosana
- Department
of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Steward Mudenda
- Department
of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
| | - Patrick H. Demana
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
| | - Bwalya A. Witika
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria 0208, South Africa
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14
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Rotello VM. Nanomaterials for Fighting Multidrug-Resistant Biofilm Infections. BME FRONTIERS 2023; 4:0017. [PMID: 37849666 PMCID: PMC10521699 DOI: 10.34133/bmef.0017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Multidrug-resistant bacterial infections represent a dire threat to global health. The development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria coupled with the lack of development of new antibiotics is creating infections requiring antibiotics of last resort, and even some infections for which we have no available treatment. Biofilm-based infections present some of the most challenging targets for treatment. The biofilm matrix provides a physical barrier that can impede access of antibiotics and antimicrobials to resident bacteria. The phenotypic diversity found in biofilms further exacerbates the difficulty of eliminating infections, with quiescent "persister" cells evading therapeutics and re-initiating infections after treatment. Nanomaterials provide a tool for combatting these refractory biofilm infections. The distinctive size regime and physical properties of nanomaterials provide them with the capability to penetrate and disrupt biofilms. Nanomaterials can also access antimicrobial pathways inaccessible to conventional antimicrobials, providing a synergistic strategy for treating biofilm infections. This review will summarize key challenges presented by antibiotic resistance and biofilms when treating infection and provide selected examples of how nanomaterials are being used to address these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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15
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Karnwal A, Kumar G, Pant G, Hossain K, Ahmad A, Alshammari MB. Perspectives on Usage of Functional Nanomaterials in Antimicrobial Therapy for Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:13492-13508. [PMID: 37091369 PMCID: PMC10116640 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The clinical applications of nanotechnology are emerging as widely popular, particularly as a potential treatment approach for infectious diseases. Diseases associated with multiple drug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are a global concern of morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains has increased the urgency associated with researching and developing novel bactericidal medicines or unorthodox methods capable of combating antimicrobial resistance. Nanomaterial-based treatments are promising for treating severe bacterial infections because they bypass antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Nanomaterial-based approaches, especially those that do not rely on small-molecule antimicrobials, display potential since they can bypass drug-resistant bacteria systems. Nanoparticles (NPs) are small enough to pass through the cell membranes of pathogenic bacteria and interfere with essential molecular pathways. They can also target biofilms and eliminate infections that have proven difficult to treat. In this review, we described the antibacterial mechanisms of NPs against bacteria and the parameters involved in targeting established antibiotic resistance and biofilms. Finally, yet importantly, we talked about NPs and the various ways they can be utilized, including as delivery methods, intrinsic antimicrobials, or a mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Karnwal
- Department
of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department
of Microbiology, School of Bioengineering & Biosciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India
| | - Gaurav Pant
- Department
of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to
be University), Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248002, India
| | - Kaizar Hossain
- Department
of Environmental Science, Asutosh College, University of Calcutta, 92, Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Road, Bhowanipore, Kolkata 700026, West
Bengal, India
| | - Akil Ahmad
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed B. Alshammari
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Rational design of magnetoliposomes for enhanced interaction with bacterial membrane models. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2023; 1865:184115. [PMID: 36603803 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2022.184115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need for alternatives to target and treat bacterial infection. Thus, the present work aims to develop and optimize the production of PEGylated magnetoliposomes (MLPs@PEG), by encapsulating superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) within fusogenic liposomes. A Box-Behnken design was applied to modulate size distribution variables, using lipid concentration, SPIONs amount and ultrasonication time as independent variables. As a result of the optimization, it was possible to obtain MLPs@PEG with a mean size of 182 nm, with polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.19, and SPIONs encapsulation efficiency (%EE) around 76%. Cytocompatibility assays showed that no toxicity was observed in fibroblasts, for iron concentrations up to 400μg/ml. Also, for safe lipid and iron concentrations, no hemolytic effect was detected. The fusogenicity of the nanosystems was first evaluated through lipid mixing assays, based on Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET), using liposomal membrane models, mimicking bacterial cytoplasmic membrane and eukaryotic plasma membrane. It was shown that the hybrid nanosystems preferentially interact with the bacterial membrane model. Confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements, using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), validated these results. Overall, the developed hybrid nanosystem may represent an efficient drug delivery system with improved targetability for bacterial membrane.
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17
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Wu J, Zhang B, Lin N, Gao J. Recent nanotechnology-based strategies for interfering with the life cycle of bacterial biofilms. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1648-1664. [PMID: 36723075 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01783k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Biofilm formation plays an important role in the resistance development in bacteria to conventional antibiotics. Different properties of the bacterial strains within biofilms compared with their planktonic states and the protective effect of extracellular polymeric substances contribute to the insusceptibility of bacterial cells to conventional antimicrobials. Although great effort has been devoted to developing novel antibiotics or synthetic antibacterial compounds, their efficiency is overshadowed by the growth of drug resistance. Developments in nanotechnology have brought various feasible strategies to combat biofilms by interfering with the biofilm life cycle. In this review, recent nanotechnology-based strategies for interfering with the biofilm life cycle according to the requirements of different stages are summarized. Additionally, the importance of strategies that modulate the bacterial biofilm microenvironment is also illustrated with specific examples. Lastly, we discussed the remaining challenges and future perspectives on nanotechnology-based strategies for the treatment of bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahe Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China. .,Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Nengming Lin
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Jianqing Gao
- Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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18
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Wang T, Cornel EJ, Li C, Du J. Drug delivery approaches for enhanced antibiofilm therapy. J Control Release 2023; 353:350-365. [PMID: 36473605 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms have attracted increasing attention in recent years. Many bacterial infections are associated with biofilm formation. A bacterial biofilm is an aggregated membrane-like substance that is composed of a large number of bacteria and their secreted extracellular polymeric substances. The traditional antibiofilm approaches, such as chemotherapy based on antibiotics, are often ineffective in eradicating biofilms owing to the limited diffusion ability of antibiotics within biofilms and inactivation of antibiotics by biofilms. Moreover, a larger dosage of antibiotics could be effective, but leads to an increased tolerance. Smart drug delivery systems that deliver antibiotics into the biofilm interior is a promising strategy to meet this challenge. In this review, we focus on the methods to improve drug delivery efficiency for enhanced chemotherapy of biofilms. Furthermore, we have summarized chemical approaches for enhanced drug delivery, such as chemical shields, charge reversal, and dual corona enhanced delivery strategies; these methods focus on physicochemical biofilm properties and specific biofilm features. Afterwards, physical approaches are discussed, such as magnetism-mediated drug delivery, electricity-mediated drug delivery, ultrasound-mediated drug delivery, and shock wave-mediated drug delivery. Finally, a perspective on the development of next-generation antibiofilm drug delivery systems is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Erik Jan Cornel
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China
| | - Chang Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
| | - Jianzhong Du
- Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200072, China.
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19
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Tong F, Wang P, Chen Z, Liu Y, Wang L, Guo J, Li Z, Cai H, Wei J. Combined Ferromagnetic Nanoparticles for Effective Periodontal Biofilm Eradication in Rat Model. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2371-2388. [PMID: 37192894 PMCID: PMC10182795 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s402410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The critical challenge for periodontitis therapy is thoroughly eliminating the dental plaque biofilm, particularly penetrating the deep periodontal tissue. Regular therapeutic strategies are insufficient to penetrate the plaque without disturbing the commensal microflora of the oral cavity. Here, we constructed a Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticle loading minocycline (FPM NPs) to penetrate the biofilm physically and effectively eliminate periodontal biofilm. Methods In order to penetrate and remove the biofilm effectively, Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles were modified with minocycline using a co-precipitation method. The particle size and dispersion of the nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic light scattering. The antibacterial effects were examined to verify the magnetic targeting of FPM NPs. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was employed to check the effect of FPM + MF and develop the best FPM NPs treatment strategy. Additionally, the therapeutic effect of FPM NPs was investigated in periodontitis rat models. The expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in periodontal tissues was measured by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results The multifunctional nanoparticles exhibited intense anti-biofilm activity and good biocompatibility. The magnetic forces could pull FMP NPs against the biofilm mass and kill bacteria deep in the biofilms both in vivo and in vitro. The integrity of the bacterial biofilm is disrupted under the motivation of the magnetic field, allowing for improved drug penetration and antibacterial performance. The periodontal inflammation recovered well after FPM NPs treatment in rat models. Furthermore, FPM NPs could be monitored in real-time and have magnetic targeting potentials. Conclusion FPM NPs exhibit good chemical stability and biocompatibility. The novel nanoparticle presents a new approach for treating periodontitis and provides experimental support for using magnetic-targeted nanoparticles in clinic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tong
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pei Wang
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Chen
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yifan Liu
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lianguo Wang
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Guo
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Cai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hu Cai, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, 999# Xuefu Road, Honggutan District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330031, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 791 83969514, Email
| | - Junchao Wei
- School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330031, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Junchao Wei, School of Stomatology, Nanchang University, 49# Fuzhou Road, Donghu District, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 791 86236950, +86 791 6361141, Email
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20
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Sahoo J, Sarkhel S, Mukherjee N, Jaiswal A. Nanomaterial-Based Antimicrobial Coating for Biomedical Implants: New Age Solution for Biofilm-Associated Infections. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45962-45980. [PMID: 36570317 PMCID: PMC9773971 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the upsurge in hospital-acquired diseases has put global health at risk. Biomedical implants being the primary source of contamination, the development of biomedical implants with antimicrobial coatings has attracted the attention of a large group of researchers from around the globe. Bacteria develops biofilms on the surface of implants, making it challenging to eradicate them with the standard approach of administering antibiotics. A further issue of current concern is the fast resurgence of resistance to conventional antibiotics. As nanotechnology continues to advance, various types of nanomaterials have been created, including 2D nanoparticles and metal and metal oxide nanoparticles with antimicrobial properties. Researchers from all over the world are using these materials as a coating agent for biomedical implants to create an antimicrobial environment. This comprehensive and contemporary review summarizes various metals, metal oxide nanoparticles, 2D nanomaterials, and their composites that have been used or may be used in the future as an antimicrobial coating agent for biomedical implants, as well as their succinct mode of action to combat biofilm-associated infection and diseases.
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21
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Jing H, Liu Z, Chen J, Ho CL. Elucidation of Iron(III) Bioleaching Properties of Gram-Positive Bacteria. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:37212-37220. [PMID: 36312424 PMCID: PMC9608414 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microbial-based iron reduction is an emerging technology used as an alternative to conventional chemical-based iron reduction. The iron reduction in kaolin refinement is vital for enhancing its commercial value. Extensive studies on microbial-based iron reduction mainly focus on Gram-negative bacteria, whereas little is understood about Gram-positive bacteria's mechanism and potential application. This study aims to investigate the iron-reducing mechanism of two Gram-positive bacterial isolates, Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). By varying the growth environment of bacteria and monitoring the biochemical changes during the process of iron reduction, the results show that Gram-positive bacterial iron reduction performance depends on the medium composition, differing from Gram-negative bacteria-based reduction processes. Nitrogen-rich medium facilitates the microbial basification of the medium, where the alkaline conditions impact the microbial iron reduction process by altering the gene expression involved in intracellular pH homeostasis and microbial growth. This discovery will contribute to the mineral refining processes and promote the development of microbial-based bioprocesses for ore purification, while also laying the foundation for investigating other Gram-positive bacterial iron-reducing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Jing
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University
of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University
of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University
of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen518055, China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen
Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen518055, China
| | - Chun Loong Ho
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University
of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen518055, China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen
Institutes of Advanced Technology (SIAT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen518055, China
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22
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Antibiofilm Activity of Biocide Metal Ions Containing Bioactive Glasses (BGs): A Mini Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9100489. [PMID: 36290457 PMCID: PMC9598244 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the major clinical issues during the implantation procedure is the bacterial infections linked to biofilms. Due to their tissue localization and the type of bacteria involved, bacterial infections at implant sites are usually difficult to treat, which increases patient morbidity and even mortality. The difficulty of treating biofilm-associated infections and the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria are further challenges for the scientific community to develop novel biomaterials with excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. Given their ability to stimulate bone formation and have antibacterial properties, metal ion-doped bioactive glasses (BGs) have received considerable research. This mini review aims to be successful in presenting the developments made about the role of biocide metal ions incorporated into BGs against the development of bacterial biofilms and the spread of nosocomial diseases.
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23
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Gallium-Based Liquid Metal Materials for Antimicrobial Applications. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9090416. [PMID: 36134962 PMCID: PMC9495447 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9090416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The hazards caused by drug-resistant bacteria are rocketing along with the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. The development of new non-antibiotic antibacterial drugs is urgent. The excellent biocompatibility and diverse multifunctionalities of liquid metal have stimulated the studies of antibacterial application. Several gallium-based antimicrobial agents have been developed based on the mechanism that gallium (a type of liquid metal) ions disorder the normal metabolism of iron ions. Other emerging strategies, such as physical sterilization by directly using LM microparticles to destroy the biofilm of bacteria or thermal destruction via infrared laser irradiation, are gaining increasing attention. Different from traditional antibacterial agents of gallium compounds, the pronounced property of gallium-based liquid metal materials would bring innovation to the antibacterial field. Here, LM-based antimicrobial mechanisms, including iron metabolism disorder, production of reactive oxygen species, thermal injury, and mechanical destruction, are highlighted. Antimicrobial applications of LM-based materials are summarized and divided into five categories, including liquid metal motors, antibacterial fabrics, magnetic field-responsive microparticles, liquid metal films, and liquid metal polymer composites. In addition, future opportunities and challenges towards the development and application of LM-based antimicrobial materials are presented.
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24
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Oh MJ, Babeer A, Liu Y, Ren Z, Wu J, Issadore DA, Stebe KJ, Lee D, Steager E, Koo H. Surface Topography-Adaptive Robotic Superstructures for Biofilm Removal and Pathogen Detection on Human Teeth. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11998-12012. [PMID: 35764312 PMCID: PMC9413416 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The eradication of biofilms remains an unresolved challenge across disciplines. Furthermore, in biomedicine, the sampling of spatially heterogeneous biofilms is crucial for accurate pathogen detection and precise treatment of infection. However, current approaches are incapable of removing highly adhesive biostructures from topographically complex surfaces. To meet these needs, we demonstrate magnetic field-directed assembly of nanoparticles into surface topography-adaptive robotic superstructures (STARS) for precision-guided biofilm removal and diagnostic sampling. These structures extend or retract at multilength scales (micro-to-centimeter) to operate on opposing surfaces and rapidly adjust their shape, length, and stiffness to adapt and apply high-shear stress. STARS conform to complex surface topographies by entering angled grooves or extending into narrow crevices and "scrub" adherent biofilm with multiaxis motion while producing antibacterial reagents on-site. Furthermore, as the superstructure disrupts the biofilm, it captures bacterial, fungal, viral, and matrix components, allowing sample retrieval for multiplexed diagnostic analysis. We apply STARS using automated motion patterns to target complex three-dimensional geometries of ex vivo human teeth to retrieve biofilm samples with microscale precision, while providing "toothbrushing-like" and "flossing-like" action with antibacterial activity in real-time to achieve mechanochemical removal and multikingdom pathogen detection. This approach could lead to autonomous, multifunctional antibiofilm platforms to advance current oral care modalities and other fields contending with harmful biofilms on hard-to-reach surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jun Oh
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Alaa Babeer
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Oral Biology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yuan Liu
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Preventive and Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zhi Ren
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Jingyu Wu
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David A. Issadore
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Kathleen J. Stebe
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Daeyeon Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Edward Steager
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- GRASP
Laboratory,
School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hyun Koo
- Biofilm Research
Laboratories, Levy Center for Oral Health, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Department
of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
- Center
for
Innovation and Precision Dentistry, School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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25
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Zhang Z, Wang J, Hu Y, Wang L. Microwaves, a potential treatment for bacteria: A review. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888266. [PMID: 35958124 PMCID: PMC9358438 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have brought great harm to the public, especially after the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. This has rendered traditional antibiotic therapy ineffective. In recent years, hyperthermia has offered new treatments to remove bacteria. Microwaves (MW) are a component of the electromagnetic spectrum and can rapidly heat materials. Taking advantage of this characteristic of MW, related studies have shown that both thermal and non-thermal effects of MW can inactivate various bacteria. Even though the understanding of MW in the field of bacteria is not sufficient for widespread use at present, MW has performed well in dealing with microorganisms and controlling infection. This review will focus on the application of MW in bacteria and discuss the advantages, prospects and challenges of using MW in the bacterial field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiahao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center of Biomedical Metal and Ceramic Implants, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- *Correspondence: Long Wang,
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26
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Karki A, Marshall JS, Wu J. Effect of ultrasound amplitude and frequency on nanoparticle diffusion in an agarose hydrogel. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 152:640. [PMID: 35931520 DOI: 10.1121/10.0012972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of nanoparticles in a porous medium, such as a hydrogel, to low-intensity ultrasound has been observed to dramatically enhance particle penetration rate. Enhancement of nanoparticle penetration is a key issue affecting applications such as biofilm mitigation and targeted drug delivery in human tissue. The current study used fluorescent imaging to obtain detailed experimental measurements of the effect of ultrasound amplitude and frequency on diffusion of nanoparticles of different diameters in an agarose hydrogel, which is often used as a simulant for biofilms and biological tissues. We demonstrate that the acoustic enhancement occurs via the phenomenon of oscillatory diffusion, in which a combination of an oscillatory flow together with random hindering of the particles by interaction with hydrogel proteins induces a stochastic random walk of the particles. The measured variation of acoustic diffusion coefficients with amplitude and frequency were used to validate a previous statistical theory of oscillatory diffusion based on the continuous time random walk approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Karki
- Department of Physics, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Marshall
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
| | - Junru Wu
- Department of Physics, The University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
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27
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Zhang Y, Lin S, Fu J, Zhang W, Shu G, Lin J, Li H, Xu F, Tang H, Peng G, Zhao L, Chen S, Fu H. Nanocarriers for combating biofilms: advantages and challenges. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1273-1287. [PMID: 35621701 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms are highly resistant to antibiotics and pose a great threat to human and animal health. The control and removal of bacterial biofilms have become an important topic in the field of bacterial infectious diseases. Nanocarriers show great anti-biofilm potential because of their small particle size and strong permeability. In this review, the advantages of nanocarriers for combating biofilms are analyzed. Nanocarriers can act on all stages of bacterial biofilm formation and diffusion. They can improve the scavenging effect of biofilm by targeting biofilm, destroying extracellular polymeric substances, and enhancing the biofilm permeability of antimicrobial substances. Nanocarriers can also improve the antibacterial ability of antimicrobial drugs against bacteria in biofilm by protecting the loaded drugs and controlling the release of antimicrobial substances. Additionally, we emphasize the challenges faced in using nanocarrier formulations and translating them from a preclinical level to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuning Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shiyu Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jingyuan Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Juchun Lin
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Haohuan Li
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Funeng Xu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huaqiao Tang
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guangneng Peng
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Ling Zhao
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Shiqi Chen
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hualin Fu
- Innovative Engineering Research Center of Veterinary Pharmaceutics, Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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28
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Lu J, Hu X, Ren L. Biofilm control strategies in food industry: Inhibition and utilization. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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29
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Babeer A, Oh MJ, Ren Z, Liu Y, Marques F, Poly A, Karabucak B, Steager E, Koo H. Microrobotics for Precision Biofilm Diagnostics and Treatment. J Dent Res 2022; 101:1009-1014. [PMID: 35450484 PMCID: PMC9305841 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221087149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in small-scale robotics and nanotechnology are providing previously unimagined opportunities for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches with high precision, control, and efficiency. We designed microrobots for tetherless biofilm treatment and retrieval using iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) with dual catalytic-magnetic functionality as building blocks. We show 2 distinct microrobotic platforms. The first system is formed from NPs that assemble into aggregated microswarms under magnetic fields that can be controlled to disrupt and retrieve biofilm samples for microbial analysis. The second platform is composed of 3-dimensional (3D) micromolded opacifier-infused soft helicoids with embedded catalytic-magnetic NPs that can be visualized via existing radiographic imaging techniques and controlled magnetically inside the root canal, uninterrupted by the soft and hard tissues surrounding the teeth in an ex vivo model. These microrobots placed inside the root canal can remove biofilms and be efficiently guided with microscale precision. The proof-of-concept paradigm described here can be adapted to target difficult-to-reach anatomical spaces in other natural and implanted surfaces in an automated and tether-free manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Babeer
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, KSA
| | - M J Oh
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Z Ren
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Preventive & Restorative Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - F Marques
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - A Poly
- Proclin Department, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B Karabucak
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - E Steager
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,GRASP Laboratory, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - H Koo
- Biofilm Research Laboratories, Center for Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Jampilek J, Kralova K. Advances in Nanostructures for Antimicrobial Therapy. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:2388. [PMID: 35407720 PMCID: PMC8999898 DOI: 10.3390/ma15072388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Microbial infections caused by a variety of drug-resistant microorganisms are more common, but there are fewer and fewer approved new antimicrobial chemotherapeutics for systemic administration capable of acting against these resistant infectious pathogens. Formulation innovations of existing drugs are gaining prominence, while the application of nanotechnologies is a useful alternative for improving/increasing the effect of existing antimicrobial drugs. Nanomaterials represent one of the possible strategies to address this unfortunate situation. This review aims to summarize the most current results of nanoformulations of antibiotics and antibacterial active nanomaterials. Nanoformulations of antimicrobial peptides, synergistic combinations of antimicrobial-active agents with nitric oxide donors or combinations of small organic molecules or polymers with metals, metal oxides or metalloids are discussed as well. The mechanisms of actions of selected nanoformulations, including systems with magnetic, photothermal or photodynamic effects, are briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Jampilek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Chemical Biology, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Katarina Kralova
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Ilkovicova 6, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovakia;
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31
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Berini F, Orlandi V, Gornati R, Bernardini G, Marinelli F. Nanoantibiotics to fight multidrug resistant infections by Gram-positive bacteria: hope or reality? Biotechnol Adv 2022; 57:107948. [PMID: 35337933 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The spread of antimicrobial resistance in Gram-positive pathogens represents a threat to human health. To counteract the current lack of novel antibiotics, alternative antibacterial treatments have been increasingly investigated. This review covers the last decade's developments in using nanoparticles as carriers for the two classes of frontline antibiotics active on multidrug-resistant Gram-positive pathogens, i.e., glycopeptide antibiotics and daptomycin. Most of the reviewed papers deal with vancomycin nanoformulations, being teicoplanin- and daptomycin-carrying nanosystems much less investigated. Special attention is addressed to nanoantibiotics used for contrasting biofilm-associated infections. The status of the art related to nanoantibiotic toxicity is critically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Berini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Viviana Orlandi
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
| | - Flavia Marinelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, via JH Dunant 3, 21100 Varese, Italy.
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32
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Applications of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy against Bacterial Biofilms. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063209. [PMID: 35328629 PMCID: PMC8953781 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and allied photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy have shown remarkable activity against bacterial pathogens in both planktonic and biofilm forms. There has been little or no resistance development against antimicrobial photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, recent developments in therapies that involve antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in combination with photothermal hyperthermia therapy, magnetic hyperthermia therapy, antibiotic chemotherapy and cold atmospheric pressure plasma therapy have shown additive and synergistic enhancement of its efficacy. This paper reviews applications of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy and non-invasive combination therapies often used with it, including sonodynamic therapy and nanozyme enhanced photodynamic therapy. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm mechanisms are discussed. This review proposes that these technologies have a great potential to overcome the bacterial resistance associated with bacterial biofilm formation.
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33
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Gutmann J, Manjarrés V, De La Espriella C. Revisiting the future of root canal obturation. ENDODONTOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/endo.endo_142_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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34
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Balhaddad AA, Xia Y, Lan Y, Mokeem L, Ibrahim MS, Weir MD, Xu HHK, Melo MAS. Magnetic-Responsive Photosensitizer Nanoplatform for Optimized Inactivation of Dental Caries-Related Biofilms: Technology Development and Proof of Principle. ACS NANO 2021; 15:19888-19904. [PMID: 34878250 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c07397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Conventional antibiotic therapies for biofilm-trigged oral diseases are becoming less efficient due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is hampered by restricted access to bacterial communities embedded within the dense extracellular matrix of mature biofilms. Herein, a versatile photosensitizer nanoplatform (named MagTBO) was designed to overcome this obstacle by integrating toluidine-blue ortho (TBO) photosensitizer and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) via a microemulsion method. In this study, we reported the preparation, characterization, and application of MagTBO for aPDT. In the presence of an external magnetic field, the MagTBO microemulsion can be driven and penetrate deep sites inside the biofilms, resulting in an improved photodynamic disinfection effect compared to using TBO alone. Besides, the obtained MagTBO microemulsions revealed excellent water solubility and stability over time, enhanced the aPDT performance against S. mutans and saliva-derived multispecies biofilms, and improved the TBO's biocompatibility. Such results demonstrate a proof-of-principle for using microemulsion as a delivery vehicle and magnetic field as a navigation approach to intensify the antibacterial action of currently available photosensitizers, leading to efficient modulation of pathogenic oral biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman A Balhaddad
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yang Xia
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Yucheng Lan
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, Morgan State University, 1700 East Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, Maryland 21251, United States
| | - Lamia Mokeem
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Maria S Ibrahim
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Department of Preventive Dental Sciences, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, College of Dentistry, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Michael D Weir
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Hockin H K Xu
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Biomaterials & Tissue Engineering Division, Dept. of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Mary Anne S Melo
- Dental Biomedical Sciences Ph.D. Program, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Dept. of General Dentistry, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
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35
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Berini F, Orlandi VT, Gamberoni F, Martegani E, Armenia I, Gornati R, Bernardini G, Marinelli F. Antimicrobial Activity of Nanoconjugated Glycopeptide Antibiotics and Their Effect on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:657431. [PMID: 34925248 PMCID: PMC8674785 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.657431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the era of antimicrobial resistance, the use of nanoconjugated antibiotics is regarded as a promising approach for preventing and fighting infections caused by resistant bacteria, including those exacerbated by the formation of difficult-to-treat bacterial biofilms. Thanks to their biocompatibility and magnetic properties, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are particularly attractive as antibiotic carriers for the targeting therapy. IONPs can direct conjugated antibiotics to infection sites by the use of an external magnet, facilitating tissue penetration and disturbing biofilm formation. As a consequence of antibiotic localization, a decrease in its administration dosage might be possible, reducing the side effects to non-targeted organs and the risk of antibiotic resistance spread in the commensal microbiota. Here, we prepared nanoformulations of the 'last-resort' glycopeptides teicoplanin and vancomycin by conjugating them to IONPs via surface functionalization with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES). These superparamagnetic NP-TEICO and NP-VANCO were chemically stable and NP-TEICO (better than NP-VANCO) conserved the typical spectrum of antimicrobial activity of glycopeptide antibiotics, being effective against a panel of staphylococci and enterococci, including clinical isolates and resistant strains. By a combination of different methodological approaches, we proved that NP-TEICO and, although to a lesser extent, NP-VANCO were effective in reducing biofilm formation by three methicillin-sensitive or resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Moreover, when attracted and concentrated by the action of an external magnet, NP-TEICO exerted a localized inhibitory effect on S. aureus biofilm formation at low antibiotic concentration. Finally, we proved that the conjugation of glycopeptide antibiotics to IONPs reduced their intrinsic cytotoxicity toward a human cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Berini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | | | - Federica Gamberoni
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Eleonora Martegani
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Ilaria Armenia
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Rosalba Gornati
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Giovanni Bernardini
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Flavia Marinelli
- Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Quan K, Zhang Z, Ren Y, Busscher HJ, van der Mei HC, Peterson BW. On-demand pulling-off of magnetic nanoparticles from biomaterial surfaces through implant-associated infectious biofilms for enhanced antibiotic efficacy. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 131:112526. [PMID: 34857305 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial-associated infections can occur any time after surgical implantation of biomaterial implants and limit their success rates. On-demand, antimicrobial release coatings have been designed, but in vivo release triggers uniquely relating with infection do not exist, while inadvertent leakage of antimicrobials can cause exhaustion of a coating prior to need. Here, we attach magnetic-nanoparticles to a biomaterial surface, that can be pulled-off in a magnetic field through an adhering, infectious biofilm. Magnetic-nanoparticles remained stably attached to a surface upon exposure to PBS for at least 50 days, did not promote bacterial adhesion or negatively affect interaction with adhering tissue cells. Nanoparticles could be magnetically pulled-off from a surface through an adhering biofilm, creating artificial water channels in the biofilm. At a magnetic-nanoparticle coating concentration of 0.64 mg cm-2, these by-pass channels increased the penetrability of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms towards different antibiotics, yielding 10-fold more antibiotic killing of biofilm inhabitants than in absence of artificial channels. This innovative use of magnetic-nanoparticles for the eradication of biomaterial-associated infections requires no precise targeting of magnetic-nanoparticles and allows more effective use of existing antibiotics by breaking the penetration barrier of an infectious biofilm adhering to a biomaterial implant surface on-demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kecheng Quan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Zexin Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Yijin Ren
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Orthodontics, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henk J Busscher
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Henny C van der Mei
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Brandon W Peterson
- University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, the Netherlands
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Asghar S, Khan IU, Salman S, Khalid SH, Ashfaq R, Vandamme TF. Plant-derived nanotherapeutic systems to counter the overgrowing threat of resistant microbes and biofilms. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:114019. [PMID: 34699940 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.114019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Since antiquity, the survival of human civilization has always been threatened by the microbial infections. An alarming surge in the resistant microbial strains against the conventional drugs is quite evident in the preceding years. Furthermore, failure of currently available regimens of antibiotics has been highlighted by the emerging threat of biofilms in the community and hospital settings. Biofilms are complex dynamic composites rich in extracellular polysaccharides and DNA, supporting plethora of symbiotic microbial life forms, that can grow on both living and non-living surfaces. These enforced structures are impervious to the drugs and lead to spread of recurrent and non-treatable infections. There is a strong realization among the scientists and healthcare providers to work out alternative strategies to combat the issue of drug resistance and biofilms. Plants are a traditional but rich source of effective antimicrobials with wider spectrum due to presence of multiple constituents in perfect synergy. Other than the biocompatibility and the safety profile, these phytochemicals have been repeatedly proven to overcome the non-responsiveness of resistant microbes and films via multiple pathways such as blocking the efflux pumps, better penetration across the cell membranes or biofilms, and anti-adhesive properties. However, the unfavorable physicochemical attributes and stability issues of these phytochemicals have hampered their commercialization. These issues of the phytochemicals can be solved by designing suitably constructed nanoscaled structures. Nanosized systems can not only improve the physicochemical features of the encapsulated payloads but can also enhance their pharmacokinetic and therapeutic profile. This review encompasses why and how various types of phytochemicals and their nanosized preparations counter the microbial resistance and the biofouling. We believe that phytochemical in tandem with nanotechnological innovations can be employed to defeat the microbial resistance and biofilms. This review will help in better understanding of the challenges associated with developing such platforms and their future prospects.
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Hajipour MJ, Saei AA, Walker ED, Conley B, Omidi Y, Lee K, Mahmoudi M. Nanotechnology for Targeted Detection and Removal of Bacteria: Opportunities and Challenges. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100556. [PMID: 34558234 PMCID: PMC8564466 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of nanotechnology has created unprecedented hopes for addressing several unmet industrial and clinical issues, including the growing threat so-termed "antibiotic resistance" in medicine. Over the last decade, nanotechnologies have demonstrated promising applications in the identification, discrimination, and removal of a wide range of pathogens. Here, recent insights into the field of bacterial nanotechnology are examined that can substantially improve the fundamental understanding of nanoparticle and bacteria interactions. A wide range of developed nanotechnology-based approaches for bacterial detection and removal together with biofilm eradication are summarized. The challenging effects of nanotechnologies on beneficial bacteria in the human body and environment and the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to nanotherapeutics are also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad J. Hajipour
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Amir Ata Saei
- Division of Physiological Chemistry IDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and BiophysicsKarolinska InstitutetStockholm171 65Sweden
| | - Edward D. Walker
- Department of EntomologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Brian Conley
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ08854USA
| | - Yadollah Omidi
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesCollege of PharmacyNova Southeastern UniversityFort LauderdaleFL33328USA
| | - Ki‐Bum Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyRutgersThe State University of New JerseyPiscatawayNJ08854USA
| | - Morteza Mahmoudi
- Department of Radiology and Precision Health ProgramMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
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The Antibiofilm Nanosystems for Improved Infection Inhibition of Microbes in Skin. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216392. [PMID: 34770799 PMCID: PMC8587837 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation is an important virulence factor for the opportunistic microorganisms that elicit skin infections. The recalcitrant feature of biofilms and their antibiotic tolerance impose a great challenge on the use of conventional therapies. Most antibacterial agents have difficulty penetrating the matrix produced by a biofilm. One novel approach to address these concerns is to prevent or inhibit the formation of biofilms using nanoparticles. The advantages of using nanosystems for antibiofilm applications include high drug loading efficiency, sustained or prolonged drug release, increased drug stability, improved bioavailability, close contact with bacteria, and enhanced accumulation or targeting to biomasses. Topically applied nanoparticles can act as a strategy for enhancing antibiotic delivery into the skin. Various types of nanoparticles, including metal oxide nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and lipid-based nanoparticles, have been employed for topical delivery to treat biofilm infections on the skin. Moreover, nanoparticles can be designed to combine with external stimuli to produce magnetic, photothermal, or photodynamic effects to ablate the biofilm matrix. This study focuses on advanced antibiofilm approaches based on nanomedicine for treating skin infections. We provide in-depth descriptions on how the nanoparticles could effectively eliminate biofilms and any pathogens inside them. We then describe cases of using nanoparticles for antibiofilm treatment of the skin. Most of the studies included in this review were supported by in vivo animal infection models. This article offers an overview of the benefits of nanosystems for treating biofilms grown on the skin.
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Hong Q, Huo S, Tang H, Qu X, Yue B. Smart Nanomaterials for Treatment of Biofilm in Orthopedic Implants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:694635. [PMID: 34589470 PMCID: PMC8473796 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.694635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms refer to complex bacterial communities that are attached to the surface of animate or inanimate objects, which highly resist the antibiotics or the host immune defense mechanisms. Pathogenic biofilms in medicine are general, chronic, and even costly, especially on medical devices and orthopedic implants. Bacteria within biofilms are the cause of many persistent infections, which are almost impossible to eradicate. Though some progress has been made in comprehending the mechanisms of biofilm formation and persistence, novel alternative compounds or strategies and effective anti-biofilm antibiotics are still lacking. Smart materials of nano size which are able to respond to an external stimulus or internal environment have a great range of applications in clinic. Recently, smart nanomaterials with or without carriage of antibiotics, targeting specific bacteria and biofilm under some stimuli, have shown great potential for pathogenic biofilm and resident bacteria eradication. First, this review briefly summarizes and describes the significance of biofilms and the process of biofilm formation. Then, we focus on some of the latest research studies involving biofilm elimination, which probably could be applied in orthopedic implants. Finally, some outstanding challenges and limitations that need to be settled urgently in order to make smart nanomaterials effectively target and treat implant biofilms are also discussed. It is hoped that there will be more novel anti-biofilm strategies for biofilm infection in the prospective future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Xinhua Qu
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Yue
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Schneider-Futschik EK, Reyes-Ortega F. Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Magnetic Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Complicated Ocular Disorders. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1157. [PMID: 34452117 PMCID: PMC8400382 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanomaterials provide enormous opportunities to overcome the limitations of conventional ocular delivery systems, such as low therapeutic efficacy, side effects due to the systemic exposure, or invasive surgery. Apart from the more common ocular disorders, there are some genetic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, that develop ocular disorders as secondary effects as long as the disease progresses. These patients are more difficult to be pharmacologically treated using conventional drug routes (topically, systemic), since specific pharmacological formulations can be incompatible, display increased toxicity, or their therapeutic efficacy decreases with the administration of different kind of chemical molecules. Magnetic nanoparticles can be used as potent drug carriers and magnetic hyperthermia agents due to their response to an external magnetic field. Drugs can be concentrated in the target point, limiting the damage to other tissues. The other advantage of these magnetic nanoparticles is that they can act as magnetic resonance imaging agents, allowing the detection of the exact location of the disease. However, there are some drawbacks related to their use in drug delivery, such as the limitation to maintain efficacy in the target organ once the magnetic field is removed from outside. Another disadvantage is the difficulty in maintaining the therapeutic action in three dimensions inside the human body. This review summarizes all the application possibilities related to magnetic nanoparticles in ocular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena K. Schneider-Futschik
- Department of Biochemistry & Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia;
| | - Felisa Reyes-Ortega
- Visual Quality Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Reina Sofía University Hospital and University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain
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Su Y, McCarthy A, Wong SL, Hollins RR, Wang G, Xie J. Simultaneous Delivery of Multiple Antimicrobial Agents by Biphasic Scaffolds for Effective Treatment of Wound Biofilms. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100135. [PMID: 33887126 PMCID: PMC8222186 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms pose a major challenge to control wound-associated infections. Due to biofilm impenetrability, traditional antimicrobial agents are often ineffective in combating biofilms. Herein, a biphasic scaffold is reported as an antimicrobial delivery system by integrating nanofiber mats with dissolvable microneedle arrays for the effective treatment of bacterial biofilms. Different combinations of antimicrobial agents, including AgNO3 , Ga(NO3 )3 , and vancomycin, are incorporated into nanofiber mats by coaxial electrospinning, which enables sustained delivery of these drugs. The antimicrobial agents-incorporated dissolvable microneedle arrays allow direct penetration of drugs into biofilms. By optimizing the administration strategies, drug combinations, and microneedle densities, biphasic scaffolds are able to eradicate both methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MRSA/Pseudomonas aeruginosa blend biofilms in an ex vivo human skin wound infection model without necessitating surgical debridement. Taken together, the combinatorial system comprises of nanofiber mats and microneedle arrays can provide an efficacious delivery of multiple antimicrobial agents for the treatment of bacterial biofilms in wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Su
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Alec McCarthy
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Shannon L Wong
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Ronald R Hollins
- Department of Surgery-Plastic Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Guangshun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
| | - Jingwei Xie
- Department of Surgery-Transplant and Mary and Dick Holland Regenerative Medicine Program, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, 68198, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA
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Zabiegaj D, Hajirasouliha F, Duilio A, Guido S, Caserta S, Kostoglou M, Petala M, Karapantsios T, Trybala A. Wetting/spreading on porous media and on deformable, soluble structured substrates as a model system for studying the effect of morphology on biofilms wetting and for assessing anti-biofilm methods. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2021.101426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Riboni N, Spadini C, Cabassi CS, Bianchi F, Grolli S, Conti V, Ramoni R, Casoli F, Nasi L, de Julián Fernández C, Luches P, Careri M. OBP-functionalized/hybrid superparamagnetic nanoparticles for Candida albicans treatment. RSC Adv 2021; 11:11256-11265. [PMID: 35423627 PMCID: PMC8695780 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by the opportunistic yeast Candida albicans are one of the major life threats for hospitalized and immunocompromised patients, as a result of antibiotic and long-term antifungal treatment abuse. Odorant binding proteins can be considered interesting candidates to develop systems able to reduce the proliferation and virulence of this yeast, because of their intrinsic antimicrobial properties and complexation capabilities toward farnesol, the major quorum sensing molecule of Candida albicans. In the present study, a hybrid system characterized by a superparamagnetic iron oxide core functionalized with bovine odorant binding protein (bOBP) was successfully developed. The nanoparticles were designed to be suitable for magnetic protein delivery to inflamed areas of the body. The inorganic superparamagnetic core was characterized by an average diameter of 6.5 ± 1.1 nm and a spherical shape. Nanoparticles were functionalized by using 11-phosphonoundecanoic acid as spacer and linked to bOBP via amide bonds, resulting in a concentration level of 26.0 ± 1.2 mg bOBP/g SPIONs. Finally, both the biocompatibility of the developed hybrid system and the fungistatic activity against Candida albicans by submicromolar OBP levels were demonstrated by in vitro experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Riboni
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy +39 0521 905556 +39 0521 905128 +39 0521 905446
| | - Costanza Spadini
- University of Parma, Department of Veterinary Science Via del Taglio 10 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Clotilde S Cabassi
- University of Parma, Department of Veterinary Science Via del Taglio 10 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Federica Bianchi
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy +39 0521 905556 +39 0521 905128 +39 0521 905446
- University of Parma, Interdepartmental Center for Packaging (CIPACK) Parco Area delle Scienze 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Stefano Grolli
- University of Parma, Department of Veterinary Science Via del Taglio 10 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Virna Conti
- University of Parma, Department of Veterinary Science Via del Taglio 10 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Roberto Ramoni
- University of Parma, Department of Veterinary Science Via del Taglio 10 43126 Parma Italy
| | - Francesca Casoli
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Lucia Nasi
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - César de Julián Fernández
- Institute of Materials for Electronics and Magnetism Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Paola Luches
- Center S3, Istituto Nanoscienze, CNR Via G. Campi 213/A 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Maria Careri
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A 43124 Parma Italy +39 0521 905556 +39 0521 905128 +39 0521 905446
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Liu D, Huang Q, Gu W, Zeng XA. A review of bacterial biofilm control by physical strategies. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3453-3470. [PMID: 33393810 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1865872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Biofilms are multicellular communities of microorganisms held together by a self-produced extracellular matrix, which contribute to hygiene problems in the food and medical fields. Both spoilage and pathogenic bacteria that grow in the complex structure of biofilm are more resistant to harsh environmental conditions and conventional antimicrobial agents. Therefore, it is important to develop eco-friendly preventive methodologies to eliminate biofilms from foods and food contact equipment. The present paper gives an overview of the current physical methods for biofilm control and removal. Current physical strategies adopted for the anti-biofilm treatment mainly focused on use of ultrasound power, electric or magnetic field, plasma, and irradiation. Furthermore, the mechanisms of anti-biofilm action and application of different physical methods are discussed. Physical strategies make it possible to combat biofilm without the use of biocidal agents. The remarkable microbiocidal properties of physical strategies are promising tools for antimicrobial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Quanfeng Huang
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Weiming Gu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xin-An Zeng
- School of Food Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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Makabenta JMV, Nabawy A, Li CH, Schmidt-Malan S, Patel R, Rotello VM. Nanomaterial-based therapeutics for antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Nat Rev Microbiol 2021; 19:23-36. [PMID: 32814862 PMCID: PMC8559572 DOI: 10.1038/s41579-020-0420-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 475] [Impact Index Per Article: 158.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections arising from acquired resistance and/or through biofilm formation necessitate the development of innovative 'outside of the box' therapeutics. Nanomaterial-based therapies are promising tools to combat bacterial infections that are difficult to treat, featuring the capacity to evade existing mechanisms associated with acquired drug resistance. In addition, the unique size and physical properties of nanomaterials give them the capability to target biofilms, overcoming recalcitrant infections. In this Review, we highlight the general mechanisms by which nanomaterials can be used to target bacterial infections associated with acquired antibiotic resistance and biofilms. We emphasize design elements and properties of nanomaterials that can be engineered to enhance potency. Lastly, we present recent progress and remaining challenges for widespread clinical implementation of nanomaterials as antimicrobial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed Nabawy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Cheng-Hsuan Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Suzannah Schmidt-Malan
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Robin Patel
- Division of Clinical Microbiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincent M Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Saraiva AS, Ribeiro IA, Fernandes MH, Cerdeira AC, Vieira BJ, Waerenborgh JC, Pereira LC, Cláudio R, Carmezim MJ, Gomes P, Gonçalves LM, Santos CF, Bettencourt AF. 3D-printed platform multi-loaded with bioactive, magnetic nanoparticles and an antibiotic for re-growing bone tissue. Int J Pharm 2021; 593:120097. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yin W, Xu S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chou SH, Galperin MY, He J. Ways to control harmful biofilms: prevention, inhibition, and eradication. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 47:57-78. [PMID: 33356690 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1842325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex microbial architectures that encase microbial cells in a matrix comprising self-produced extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms living in biofilms are much more resistant to hostile environments than their planktonic counterparts and exhibit enhanced resistance against the microbicides. From the human perspective, biofilms can be classified into beneficial, neutral, and harmful. Harmful biofilms impact food safety, cause plant and animal diseases, and threaten medical fields, making it urgent to develop effective and robust strategies to control harmful biofilms. In this review, we discuss various strategies to control biofilm formation on infected tissues, implants, and medical devices. We classify the current strategies into three main categories: (i) changing the properties of susceptible surfaces to prevent biofilm formation; (ii) regulating signalling pathways to inhibit biofilm formation; (iii) applying external forces to eradicate the biofilm. We hope this review would motivate the development of innovative and effective strategies for controlling harmful biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Siyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yiting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shan-Ho Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Michael Y Galperin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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49
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Best served small: nano battles in the war against wound biofilm infections. Emerg Top Life Sci 2020; 4:567-580. [PMID: 33269803 DOI: 10.1042/etls20200155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global challenge of antimicrobial resistance is of increasing concern, and alternatives to currently used antibiotics or methods to improve their stewardship are sought worldwide. Microbial biofilms, complex 3D communities of bacteria and/or fungi, are difficult to treat with antibiotics for several reasons. These include their protective coats of extracellular matrix proteins which are difficult for antibiotics to penetrate. Nanoparticles (NP) are one way to rise to this challenge; whilst they exist in many forms naturally there has been a profusion in synthesis of these small (<100 nm) particles for biomedical applications. Their small size allows them to penetrate the biofilm matrix, and as well as some NP being inherently antimicrobial, they also can be modified by doping with antimicrobial payloads or coated to increase their effectiveness. This mini-review examines the current role of NP in treating wound biofilms and the rise in multifunctionality of NP.
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50
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Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Approaches for Preventing and Treating Biofilms in Cystic Fibrosis. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6040072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biofilm-associated infections pose a huge burden on healthcare systems worldwide, with recurrent lung infections occurring due to the persistence of biofilm bacteria populations. In cystic fibrosis (CF), thick viscous mucus acts not only as a physical barrier, but also serves as a nidus for infection. Increased antibiotic resistance in the recent years indicates that current therapeutic strategies aimed at biofilm-associated infections are “failing”, emphasizing the need to develop new and improved drug delivery systems with higher efficacy and efficiency. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have unique and favourable properties encompassing biocompatibility, biodegradability, magnetic and heat-mediated characteristics, making them suitable drug carriers. Additionally, an external magnetic force can be applied to enhance drug delivery to target sites, acting as “nano-knives”, cutting through the bacterial biofilm layer and characteristically thick mucus in CF. In this review, we explore the multidisciplinary approach of using current and novel MNPs as vehicles of drug delivery. Although many of these offer exciting prospects for future biofilm therapeutics, there are also major challenges of this emerging field that need to be addressed.
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