1
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Zeng X. The Strategies Towards Electrochemical Generation of Aryl Radicals. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202402220. [PMID: 39012680 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202402220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/13/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
The advancement in electrochemical techniques has unlocked a new path for achieving unprecedented oxidations and reductions of aryl radical precursors in a controlled and selective manner. This approach facilitates the construction of aromatic carbon-carbon and carbon-heteroatom bonds. In light of the green merits and the growing importance of this technique in aryl radical chemistry, this review aims to provide an overview of the recent advance in the electrochemical generation of aryl radicals organized by the aryl radical precursor type, with a focus on the substrate scope, limitation, and underlying mechanism, thereby inspiring future work on electrochemical aryl radical generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobao Zeng
- School of Pharmacy and Nantong Key Laboratory of Small Molecular Drug Innovation, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, People's Republic of China
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2
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Zhou X, Xu W, Wang B, Iqbal A, Chen Z, Xia Y, Jin W, Liu C, Zhang Y. Photo-Driven Regiodivergent Arylation/Cyclization and Arylation/Hydroxylation of N-Aryl Methacrylamides with Aryltriazenes: Access to Functionalized 3,3-Disubstituted Oxindoles and α-Hydroxylamides. J Org Chem 2024; 89:13345-13358. [PMID: 39167091 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
A metal-free, light-induced regiodivergent functionalization of α,β-unsaturated amides with aryltriazenes under ambient conditions was developed. The visible light and B(C6F5)3 cocatalyzed radical cascade arylation/cyclization of N-alkyl-N-arylmethacrylamides can obtain functionalized 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles with the assistance of photocatalyst eosin Y-Na2. In the absence of any catalyst, with purple light irradiation and electron-donor-acceptor (EDA) complex initiation, the radical cascade arylation/hydroxylation of N-arylmethacrylamides affords α-hydroxylamides. This methodology highlights the arts in accessing different regioisomers by altering the substrates and photocatalytic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlei Zhou
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Bin Wang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 24420, Pakistan
| | - Ziren Chen
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Yu Xia
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Weiwei Jin
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Chenjiang Liu
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
| | - Yonghong Zhang
- Urumqi Key Laboratory of Green Catalysis and Synthesis Technology, Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, PR China
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3
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Hashmi SZ, Bareth D, Dwivedi J, Kishore D, Alvi PA. Green advancements towards the electrochemical synthesis of heterocycles. RSC Adv 2024; 14:18192-18246. [PMID: 38854834 PMCID: PMC11157331 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02812k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterocyclic chemistry is a large field with diverse applications in the areas of biological research and pharmaceutical advancement. Numerous initiatives have been proposed to further enhance the reaction conditions to reach these compounds without using harmful compounds. This paper focuses on the recent advances in the eco-friendly and green synthetic procedures to synthesize N-, S-, and O-heterocycles. This approach demonstrates considerable potential in accessing such compounds while circumventing the need for stoichiometric quantities of oxidizing/reducing agents or catalysts containing precious metals. Merely employing catalytic quantities of these substances proves sufficient, thereby offering an optimal means of contributing to resource efficiency. Renewable electricity plays a crucial role in generating environmentally friendly electrons (oxidant/reductant) that serve as catalysts for a series of reactions. These reactions involve the production of reactive intermediates, which in turn allow the synthesis of new chemical bonds, enabling beneficial transformations to occur. Furthermore, the utilization of metals as active catalysts in electrochemical activation has been recognized as an effective approach for achieving selective functionalization. The aim of this review was to summarize the electrochemical synthetic procedures so that the undesirable side reactions can be considerably reduced and the practical potential range of the chemical reactions can be expanded significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Zeba Hashmi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - Diksha Bareth
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - Jaya Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - Dharma Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
| | - P A Alvi
- Department of Physical Sciences, Banasthali Vidyapith Banasthali-304022 Rajasthan India
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4
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Jia Y, Wang H, Guo J, Zhang F, Zhang L, Li X, Zhao Y, Bao X, Liu Q, Li X, Liu H. EMM-Promoted Pd-Catalyzed Solid State Intramolecular Heck-Type Cyclization/Boronation and Suzuki Couplings: Access to Functionalized Indolines. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6704-6713. [PMID: 38709904 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
EMM (electromagnetic mill)-promoted Pd-catalyzed solid state intramolecular Heck-type cyclization/boronation and Suzuki couplings are reported. Compared to previous mechanochemistry that constructed one chemical bond through a cross-coupling reaction, this strategy realizes cascade transformation along with multiple chemical bond formation. This conversion does not require organic solvents or additional heating, and it shows a good substrate scope and high functional group tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Jia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Jintao Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizhi Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Clinical Laboratory of Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo 255020, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingliang Bao
- Zibo New Materials Trading Center Zhangdian District, Zibo Tengyu Chemical Engineering Company, Ltd., Zibo 255020, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, People's Republic of China
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5
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Shaw R, Sihag N, Jain S, Sharma R, Yadav MR. Photoinduced Alkyl/Aryl Radical Cascade for the Synthesis of Quaternary CF 3-Containing Oxindoles and Indoline Alkaloids. J Org Chem 2023; 88:5652-5660. [PMID: 37068047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Metal- and additive-free, photoinduced decarboxylative radical alkylation-cyclization of CF3-acrylamides with alkyl redox-active esters provided the corresponding quaternary CF3-oxindole derivatives in good yields. Notably, diaryliodonium salts also efficiently participated in the arylation-cyclization of CF3-acrylamides in environmentally benign H2O as a solvent. The present approach has been extended for the concise synthesis of CF3-attached indoline alkaloid analogues, i.e., CF3-(±)-desoxyeseroline, CF3-(±)-esermethole, and CF3-(±) progesterone receptor antagonists. The preliminary mechanistic studies revealed that the reaction is likely to proceed through initial photoexcitation of redox-active ester/diaryliodonium salts followed by the SET process with acrylamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjay Shaw
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Naveen Sihag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Swati Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ruchi Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - M Ramu Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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6
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Baroliya PK, Dhaker M, Panja S, Al-Thabaiti SA, Albukhari SM, Alsulami QA, Dutta A, Maiti D. Transition Metal-Catalyzed C-H Functionalization Through Electrocatalysis. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023:e202202201. [PMID: 36881013 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemically promoted transition metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization has emerged as a promising area of research over the last few decades. However, development in this field is still at an early stage compared to traditional functionalization reactions using chemical-based oxidizing agents. Recent reports have shown increased attention on electrochemically promoted metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization. From the standpoint of sustainability, environmental friendliness, and cost effectiveness, electrochemically promoted oxidation of a metal catalyst offers a mild, efficient, and atom-economical alternative to traditional chemical oxidants. This Review discusses advances in the field of transition metal-electrocatalyzed C-H functionalization over the past decade and describes how the unique features of electricity enable metal-catalyzed C-H functionalization in an economic and sustainable way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Baroliya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Mukesh Dhaker
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, 313001, India
| | - Subir Panja
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Shaeel Ahmed Al-Thabaiti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Soha M Albukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Qana A Alsulami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arnab Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Debabrata Maiti
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
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7
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Aslam S, Sbei N, Rani S, Saad M, Fatima A, Ahmed N. Heterocyclic Electrochemistry: Renewable Electricity in the Construction of Heterocycles. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:6175-6217. [PMID: 36844606 PMCID: PMC9948259 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c07378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous applications in the realm of biological exploration and drug synthesis can be found in heterocyclic chemistry, which is a vast subject. Many efforts have been developed to further improve the reaction conditions to access this interesting family to prevent employing hazardous ingredients. In this instance, it has been stated that green and environmentally friendly manufacturing methodologies have been introduced to create N-, S-, and O-heterocycles. It appears to be one of the most promising methods to access these types of compounds avoiding use of stoichiometric amounts of oxidizing/reducing species or precious metal catalysts, in which only catalytic amounts are sufficient, and it represent an ideal way of contributing toward the resource economy. Thus, renewable electricity provides clean electrons (oxidant/reductant) that initiate a reaction cascade via producing reactive intermediates that facilitate in building new bonds for valuable chemical transformations. Moreover, electrochemical activation using metals as catalytic mediators has been identified as a more efficient strategy toward selective functionalization. Thus, indirect electrolysis makes the potential range more practical, and less side reactions can occur. The latest developments in using an electrolytic strategy to create N-, S-, and O-heterocycles are the main topic of this mini review, which was documented over the last five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samina Aslam
- Department
of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan60000, Pakistan
- The Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Najoua Sbei
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, EggensteinLeopoldshafen, 76344KarlsruheGermany
| | - Sadia Rani
- Department
of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan60000, Pakistan
| | - Manal Saad
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
| | - Aroog Fatima
- Department
of Chemistry, The Women University Multan, Multan60000, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building Park Place, Cardiff, CF10 3AT, United Kingdom
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8
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Wullschläger D, Denker L, Frank R. Metal Halide Exchange in Benzylborane NHC‐Adducts: The Effect of Backbone Alkylation in the
N
‐Heterocyclic Carbene. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wullschläger
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lars Denker
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - René Frank
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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9
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Du L, Sun L, Zhang H. Photochemical and electrochemical C-N borylation of arylhydrazines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1716-1719. [PMID: 35024703 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06145c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The C-N borylation of arylhydrazine hydrochlorides with bis(pinacolato)diboron was achieved under photochemical and electrochemical conditions, respectively. This novel and scalable transformation provides two efficient and mild transition-metal-free synthetic routes towards aryl boronate esters from easily available arylhydrazines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Du
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Sun
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China.
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China. .,Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of Education & Hubei Key Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials Science, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, China
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10
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Shi SH, Wei J, Liang CM, Bai H, Zhu HT, Zhang Y, Fu F. Electro-oxidation induced O–S cross-coupling of quinoxalinones with sodium sulfinates for synthesizing 2-sulfonyloxylated quinoxalines. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12357-12360. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04524a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The novel C2–O sulfonylation of quinoxalinones via electro-oxidation induced O–S coupling strategy under mild conditions was reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Hui Shi
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jian Wei
- Laboratory of Chemical Genomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Graduate School of Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Chun-Miao Liang
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Huan Bai
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hai-Tao Zhu
- Shannxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Yantu Zhang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feng Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an 716000, Shaanxi, China
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11
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Kong Y, Wei K, Yan G. Radical coupling reactions of hydrazines via photochemical and electrochemical strategies. Org Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qo01348g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrazines are versatile building blocks in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilin Kong
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Kangning Wei
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
| | - Guobing Yan
- College of Jiyang, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhuji 311800, China
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12
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Zhong J, Yu Y, Zhang D, Ye K. Merging cobalt catalysis and electrochemistry in organic synthesis. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Che F, Zhong J, Yu L, Ma C, Yu C, Wang M, Hou Z, Zhang Y. Synthesis of Dichlorocyanomethyl‐Functionalized Oxindoles by Cascade Reactions Initiated by Copper(I)‐Catalytically Generated Dichlorocyanomethyl Radical. Adv Synth Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengrui Che
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangbin Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Linhan Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Chaopeng Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Chunzheng Yu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Maorong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichen Hou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexia Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qingdao University 308 Ningxia Road Qingdao 266071 People's Republic of China
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14
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Syntheses of 3,3-Disubstituted Dihydrobenzofurans, Indolines, Indolinones and Isochromanes by Palladium-Catalyzed Tandem Reaction Using Pd(PPh3)2Cl2/(±)-BINAP as a Catalytic System. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10091084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A general procedure for the tandem arylation reaction of arylbromide with heteroaryl compounds was developed by using Pd(PPh3)2Cl2/(±)-BINAP (1,1′-Binaphthalene-2,2′-diylbis (diphenylphosphane)) as catalytic system. Both sulphur- and oxygen-containing heterocycles were also employed as an efficient reagent for arylation, which gave moderate to excellent yields with moderate to good regioselectivities (5:1 to > 20:1 ir (isomer ratio)). Except for dihydrobenzofurans, indolines and indolinones, this type of tandem reaction was also expanded to synthesize isochromanes. The synthesized new compounds were well characterized through different spectroscopic techniques, such as 1H and 13C NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), and mass spectral analysis.
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15
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Meyer TH, Oliveira JCA, Ghorai D, Ackermann L. Mechanistische Studien zu Cobalta(III/IV/II)‐Elektrokatalyse: Oxidativ‐induzierte reduktive Eliminierung zur zweifachen C‐H‐Aktivierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - João C. A. Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität Göttingen Tammannstraße 2 37077 Göttingen Deutschland
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16
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Meyer TH, Oliveira JCA, Ghorai D, Ackermann L. Insights into Cobalta(III/IV/II)-Electrocatalysis: Oxidation-Induced Reductive Elimination for Twofold C-H Activation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:10955-10960. [PMID: 32154625 PMCID: PMC7318662 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The merger of cobalt‐catalyzed C−H activation and electrosynthesis provides new avenues for resource‐economical molecular syntheses, unfortunately their reaction mechanisms remain poorly understood. Herein, we report the identification and full characterization of electrochemically generated high‐valent cobalt(III/IV) complexes as crucial intermediates in electrochemical cobalt‐catalyzed C−H oxygenations. Detailed mechanistic studies provided support for an oxidatively‐induced reductive elimination via highly‐reactive cobalt(IV) intermediates. These key insights set the stage for unprecedented cobaltaelectro two‐fold C−H/C−H activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - João C A Oliveira
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Debasish Ghorai
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstraße 2, 37077, Gottingen, Germany
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17
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Meyer TH, Chesnokov GA, Ackermann L. Cobalta-Electrocatalyzed C-H Activation in Biomass-Derived Glycerol: Powered by Renewable Wind and Solar Energy. CHEMSUSCHEM 2020; 13:668-671. [PMID: 31917522 PMCID: PMC7065255 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous glycerol was identified as a renewable reaction medium for metalla-electrocatalyzed C-H activation powered by sustainable energy sources. The renewable solvent was employed for cobalt-catalyzed C-H/N-H functionalizations under mild conditions. The cobalta-electrocatalysis manifold occurred with high levels of chemo- and positional selectivity and allowed for electrochemical C-H activations with broad substrate scope. The resource economy of this strategy was considerably substantiated by the direct use of renewable solar and wind energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tjark H. Meyer
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Gleb A. Chesnokov
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
| | - Lutz Ackermann
- Institut für Organische und Biomolekulare ChemieGeorg-August-Universität GöttingenTammannstraße 237077GöttingenGermany
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Böser R, Denker L, Frank R. Benzyl Borane NHC Adducts: Beyond B−C Bond Scission. Chemistry 2019; 25:10575-10579. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Böser
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - Lars Denker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
| | - René Frank
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Braunschweig Hagenring 30 38106 Braunschweig Germany
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19
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Meyer TH, Finger LH, Gandeepan P, Ackermann L. Resource Economy by Metallaelectrocatalysis: Merging Electrochemistry and C H Activation. TRENDS IN CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trechm.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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20
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Terent'ev AO, Mulina OM, Parshin VD, Kokorekin VA, Nikishin GI. Electrochemically induced oxidative S–O coupling: synthesis of sulfonates from sulfonyl hydrazides and N-hydroxyimides or N-hydroxybenzotriazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:3482-3488. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob03162b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A variety of sulfonates were synthesized from sulfonyl hydrazides and N-hydroxy compounds via electrochemically induced oxidative S–O bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander O. Terent'ev
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- D.I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
| | - Olga M. Mulina
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Vadim D. Parshin
- D.I. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir A. Kokorekin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
| | - Gennady I. Nikishin
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
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