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Gęca I, Korolczuk M. Adsorptive Stripping Voltammetric Quercetin Determination in Pharmaceuticals and Urine Samples Using a Long Service-Life Array of Carbon Composite Microelectrodes. Molecules 2024; 29:4464. [PMID: 39339458 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29184464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2024] [Revised: 09/14/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This article presents for the first time a new working electrode with a long service life- the bismuth-plated array of carbon composite microelectrodes for the simple, fast and sensitive determination of quercetin by adsorptive stripping voltammetry. The main experimental conditions were selected. The calibration graph was linear from 1 × 10-9 to 2 × 10-8 mol L-1 with an accumulation time of 60 s. The detection limit was equal to 4.8 × 10-10 mol L-1. The relative standard deviation for 2 × 10-8 mol L-1 of quercetin was 4.4% (n = 7). Possible interference effects resulting from the presence of other organic and surface active compounds and interfering ions were studied. The developed procedure was successfully applied to determine quercetin in pharmaceutical preparations and the spiked urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Gęca
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mieczyslaw Korolczuk
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie Sklodowska University, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
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2
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Davoodi-Rad K, Shokrollahi A, Shahdost-Fard F, Azadkish K, Madani-Nejad E. A smartphone-based colorimetric assay using Cu-tannic acid nanosheets (Cu-TA NShs) as a laccase-mimicking nanozyme for visual detection of quercetin in vegetables. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:168. [PMID: 38418635 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06238-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The interaction of Cu-tannic acid nanosheets (Cu-TA NShs) as nanozyme in a surfactant solution of CTAB under relatively acidic conditions is shown to exhibit a catalytic effect on quercetin (Qur). This catalytic property of Cu-TA NShs, which mimics laccase enzyme with many advantages, has been applied to developing a selective colorimetric sensor for the determination of trace amounts of Qur in vegetable samples. This strategy presents a desirable linear relationship between the absorbance signal intensity and the concentrations of Qur from 0.350 to 32.09 µM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.064 µM (S/N = 3). The feasibility of the proposed portable colorimetric sensor for in situ analysis of the real samples has been validated with the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method as reference method, and two-tailed test (t test) statistical analysis certifies good agreement between the results. This enzyme-free and sensitive naked-eye sensor with the smartphone-based color map is promising to provide technical support for the rapid and visual detection of Qur in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kowsar Davoodi-Rad
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, P.O. Box, Yasouj, 75918-74831, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Shahdost-Fard
- Department of Chemistry Education, Farhangian University, P.O. Box 14665-889, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Kamal Azadkish
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, P.O. Box, Yasouj, 75918-74831, Iran
| | - Elham Madani-Nejad
- Chemistry Department, Yasouj University, P.O. Box, Yasouj, 75918-74831, Iran
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3
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Wu F, Yang J, Ye Y, Wu R, Wang H. Chlorine-doped MoS 2 quantum dots embedded in a molecularly imprinted polymer for highly selective and sensitive optosensing of quercetin. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:269-275. [PMID: 38112593 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01656k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine-doped MoS2 quantum dots (Cl-MoS2 QDs) embedded in a SiO2 molecularly imprinted polymer (Cl-MoS2 QDs@SiO2@MIP) have been successfully synthesized and can be used for highly selective and sensitive optosensing of quercetin. The novel environmentally friendly sensor integrated the advantages of the Cl-MoS2 QDs and MIP, high sensitivity and specific recognition for quercetin. The as-fabricated sensor is used to detect trace amounts of quercetin, and its fluorescence intensity showed a good linear decline with the increasing concentration of quercetin from 2 ng mL-1 to 200 ng mL-1 with a detection limit of 1.2 ng mL-1 (S/N = 3). The Cl-MoS2 QDs@SiO2@MIP probe was employed to assay the content of quercetin of real onion extract with good performance, which is in fine agreement with the result obtained by high performance liquid chromatography. The developed Cl-MoS2 QDs@SiO2@MIP sensor exhibits promising potential in the detection of quercetin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyi Wu
- Water Environment Research Center, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Jiliang Yang
- Water Environment Research Center, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Yousheng Ye
- Water Environment Research Center, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Rong Wu
- Water Environment Research Center, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Water Environment Research Center, College of Chemistry and Material Engineering, Chaohu University, Hefei 238000, China
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4
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Mansour FR, Abdallah IA, Bedair A, Hamed M. Analytical Methods for the Determination of Quercetin and Quercetin Glycosides in Pharmaceuticals and Biological Samples. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-26. [PMID: 37898879 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2269421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are plant-derived compounds that have several health benefits, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-mutagenic, and anti-carcinogenic effects. Quercetin is a flavonoid that is widely present in various fruits, vegetables, and drinks. Accurate determination of quercetin in different samples is of great importance for its potential health benefits. This review, is an overview of sample preparation and determination methods for quercetin in diverse matrices. Previous research on sample preparation and determination methods for quercetin are summarized, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each method and providing insights into recent developments in quercetin sample treatment. Various analytical techniques are discussed including spectroscopic, chromatographic, electrophoretic, and electrochemical methods for the determination of quercetin and its derivatives in different samples. UV-Vis (Ultraviolet-visible) spectrophotometry is simple and inexpensive but lacks selectivity. Chromatographic techniques (HPLC, GC) offer selectivity and sensitivity, while electrophoretic and electrochemical methods provide high resolution and low detection limits, respectively. The aim of this review is to comprehensively explore the determination methods for quercetin and quercetin glycosides in diverse matrices, with emphasis on pharmaceutical and biological samples. The review also provides a theoretical basis for method development and application for the analysis of quercetin and quercetin glycosides in real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fotouh R Mansour
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31111, Egypt
| | - Inas A Abdallah
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Alaa Bedair
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hamed
- School of Information Technology and Computer Science (ITCS), Nile University, Giza, Egypt
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5
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Visan RM, Leonties AR, Anastasescu M, Angelescu DG. Towards understanding the interaction of quercetin with chitosan-phytate complex: An experimental and computational investigation. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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6
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Alva-Ensastegui J, Bernad-Bernad M, Vega-Morales J, Aparicio-Gutierrez N. Experimental-theoretical study to determine the pKa values of the ocular hypotensive Dorzolamide from UV-Vis spectroscopy. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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7
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Alva-Ensastegui J, Palomar-Pardavé M, Ramírez-Silva M, Aparicio-Gutiérrez N. Quercetin Displacement Caused By Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate On Inclusion Complex Quercetin-Beta Cyclodextrin In An Acid Environment. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Taraba A, Szymczyk K. Spectroscopic studies of the quercetin/rutin-nonionic surfactant interactions. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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9
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Silver@quercetin Nanoparticles with Aggregation-Induced Emission for Bioimaging In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137413. [PMID: 35806418 PMCID: PMC9266968 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent materials based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) have unique advantages for in situ and real-time monitoring of biomolecules and biological processes because of their high luminescence intensity and resistance to photobleaching. Unfortunately, many AIEgens require time-consuming and expensive syntheses, and the presence of residual toxic reagents reduces their biocompatibility. Herein, silver@quercetin nanoparticles (Ag@QCNPs), which have a clear core–shell structure, were prepared by redox reaction of quercetin (QC), a polyphenolic compound widely obtained from plants, including those used as foods, and silver ions. Ag@QCNPs show both aggregation-induced luminescence and the distinct plasma scattering of silver nanoparticles, as well as good resistance to photobleaching and biocompatibility. The Ag@QCNPs were successfully used for cytoplasmic labeling of living cells and for computerized tomography imaging in tumor-bearing mice, demonstrating their potential for clinical applications.
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Abstract
Quercetin (Q) is an important antioxidant with high bioactivity and the potential of being used as SARS-CoV-2 inhibitor. The fluorescence (FL) emission from Q solutions made with different polar and non-polar solvents (methanol, acetone, and chloroform) was measured and compared with the FL emission from Q powder and from Q crystals. In the FL spectra of the solutions with high Q concentration, as well as in the spectra of Q in solid state, two features, at 615 nm and 670 nm, were observed. As the solution concentration decreases, the intensity of those peaks decreases and a peak at 505 nm arises. The FL emission of low concentration solutions displayed only that peak. Calculations for the Q molecule in each solvent, performed using time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), show that the emission at 505 nm is associated with the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) of the –OH3 group proton. Our calculations also show that the feature at 615 nm, which is observed in solid state Q and also in the emission of the high concentrated solutions, is related to the –OH5 proton transfer.
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11
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Tong C, Shi F, Tong X, Shi S, Ali I, Guo Y. Shining natural flavonols in sensing and bioimaging. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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12
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Le TH, Phan AHT, Le KCM, Phan TDU, Nguyen KT. Utilizing polymer-conjugate albumin-based ultrafine gas bubbles in combination with ultra-high frequency radiations in drug transportation and delivery. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34440-34448. [PMID: 35494740 PMCID: PMC9042728 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04983f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrafine bubbles stabilized by human serum albumin conjugate polyethylene glycol ameliorates the stability of complex as well as the drug payload. Polyethylene glycol presents the crucial role in releasing drug by means of acoustic sound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi H. Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - An H. T. Phan
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khoa C. M. Le
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Thy D. U. Phan
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Khoi T. Nguyen
- School of Biotechnology, International University, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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Parhi B, Bharatiya D, Swain SK. Application of quercetin flavonoid based hybrid nanocomposites: A review. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1719-1732. [PMID: 33424263 PMCID: PMC7783214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural bioflavonoids are an essential component of dietary supplements possessing antimicrobial properties. Many of the bioflavonoids have resulted in positive antitumor, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory properties, but the efficacy remains low due to toxicity at the molecular level whereas antiviral property limits to negative. The synergistic link between nanoscience and flavonoid chemistry enhances the epidemiological properties of flavonoid and also diminish the antimicrobial resistivity (AMR) by forming their hybrid nanocomposites. Nanochemistry uses various nanocomposite and nanomaterials for biosensing the flavonoids and their delivery as a drug. The quercetin flavonoid and its derivatives such as rutin, and myricetin are used for sensing and drug delivery. Quercetin with 15Carbon-5Hydroxyl chemical scaffold has been explored for a few decades for the development of hybrid nanocomposite and nanomaterial with metallic as well as organic nano co-composites. This quercetin flavonoid based hybrid nanocomposites seemed to show a significant effect on In vitro and some animal model processes along with attenuating lipid peroxidation, platelet aggregation, and capillary permeability actions. This review mainly focused on the hybrid nanoscience of quercetin bioflavonoid and its application in numerous biological, material fields with a future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Parhi
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur 768018, India
| | - Debasrita Bharatiya
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur 768018, India
| | - Sarat K Swain
- Department of Chemistry, Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology, Burla, Sambalpur 768018, India
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Puri C, Pucciarini L, Tiecco M, Brighenti V, Volpi C, Gargaro M, Germani R, Pellati F, Sardella R, Clementi C. Use of a Zwitterionic Surfactant to Improve the Biofunctional Properties of Wool Dyed with an Onion ( Allium cepa L.) Skin Extract. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1055. [PMID: 33126625 PMCID: PMC7693141 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
To improve the loadability and antioxidant properties of wool impregnated with onion skin extract, the introduction of SB3-14 surfactant in the dyeing process was evaluated. A preliminary investigation on the surfactant-quercetin interaction indicated that the optimal conditions for dye solubility, stability, and surfactant affinity require double-distilled water (pH = 5.5) as a medium and SB3-14 in a concentration above the c.m.c. (2.5 × 10-3 M). The absorption profile of textiles showed the flavonoid absorption band (390 nm) and a bathochromic feature (510 nm), suggesting flavonoid aggregates. The higher absorbance for the sample dyed with SB3-14 indicated greater dye uptake, which was further confirmed by HPLC analysis. The Folin-Ciocalteu method was applied to evaluate the total phenol content (TPC) released from the treated wool, while the assays FRAP, DPPH, ABTS, and ORAC were applied to evaluate the corresponding total antioxidant activity (TAC). Higher TPCs (about 20%) and TACs (5-55%) were measured with SB3-14, highlighting textiles with improved biofunctional properties. Spectrophotometric analyses were also performed with an artificial sweat. The potential cytotoxic effect of SB3-14 in both monomeric and aggregated forms, cell viability, and induction of apoptosis were evaluated in RAW 264.7 cells. These analyses revealed that SB3-14 is safe at concentrations below the c.m.c.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Puri
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Lucia Pucciarini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Matteo Tiecco
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Virginia Brighenti
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Claudia Volpi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, P.le Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.V.); (M.G.)
| | - Marco Gargaro
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, P.le Severi, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (C.V.); (M.G.)
| | - Raimondo Germani
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.T.); (R.G.)
| | - Federica Pellati
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy; (V.B.); (F.P.)
| | - Roccaldo Sardella
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Via Fabretti 48, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
- Center for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, Santa Maria della Misericordia/University Hospital, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Catia Clementi
- Department of Chemistry Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, 06123 Perugia, Italy; (C.P.); (M.T.); (R.G.)
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Huamán-Castilla NL, Mariotti-Celis MS, Martínez-Cifuentes M, Pérez-Correa JR. Glycerol as Alternative Co-Solvent for Water Extraction of Polyphenols from Carménère Pomace: Hot Pressurized Liquid Extraction and Computational Chemistry Calculations. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E474. [PMID: 32244874 PMCID: PMC7175273 DOI: 10.3390/biom10030474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerol is a co-solvent for water extraction that has been shown to be highly effective for obtaining polyphenol extracts under atmospheric conditions. However, its efficacy under subcritical conditions has not yet been studied. We assessed different water-glycerol mixtures (15%, 32.5%, and 50%) in a hot pressurized liquid extraction system (HPLE: 10 MPa) at 90 °C, 120 °C, and 150 °C to obtain extracts of low molecular weight polyphenols from Carménère grape pomace. Under the same extraction conditions, glycerol as a co-solvent achieved significantly higher yields in polyphenols than ethanol. Optimal extraction conditions were 150 °C, with 32.5% glycerol for flavonols and 50% for flavanols, stilbenes, and phenolic acids. Considering gallic acid as a model molecule, computational chemistry calculations were applied to explain some unusual extraction outcomes. Furthermore, glycerol, methanol, ethanol, and ethylene glycol were studied to establish an incipient structure-property relationship. The high extraction yields of gallic acid obtained with water and glycerol solvent mixtures can be explained not only by the additional hydrogen bonds between glycerol and gallic acid as compared with the other alcohols, but also because the third hydroxyl group allows the formation of a three-centered hydrogen bond, which intensifies the strongest glycerol and gallic acid hydrogen bond. The above occurs both in neutral and deprotonated gallic acid. Consequently, glycerol confers to the extraction solvent a higher solvation energy of polyphenols than ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nils Leander Huamán-Castilla
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
- Escuela de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Universidad Nacional de Moquegua, Prolongación calle Ancash s/n, Moquegua 18001, Peru
| | - María Salomé Mariotti-Celis
- Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Ignacio Valdivieso 2409, P.O. Box 9845, Santiago 8940577, Chile
| | - Maximiliano Martínez-Cifuentes
- Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada (CIBQA), Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, General Gana 1702, Santiago 8370993, Chile
| | - José Ricardo Pérez-Correa
- Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering Department, School of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Vicuña Mackenna 4860, P.O. Box 306, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
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Mani P, Pandey AK, Tripathi AK. Synthesis and Binding Affinity of Hydrophobic Tail Containing Naphthalene Derivatives with Different Type of Organized Media. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pavnesh Mani
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of Delhi Delhi India
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