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Li Y, Liu Q, Wang Y, Cao K, Fan Y. Electrochemical Na +/K + Ion Exchange in Zeolitic Vanadium(IV) Borophosphate K 1.33Na 0.67[VO(B 2O)(PO 4) 2(HPO 4)]·1.63H 2O as Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:15340-15347. [PMID: 39106318 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Electrochemical ion exchange has recently been demonstrated to be a unique method for the preparation of novel cathode materials, which cannot be accessible by traditional direct synthesis routes. In this study, the vanadium borophosphate compound K1.33Na0.67[VO(B2O)(PO4)2(HPO4)]·1.63H2O (KNVBP) with zeolitic framework exhibits fast electrochemical Na+/K+ ion exchange when used as cathode material in sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Ex situ structural analyses and electrochemical measurements confirm that most of the K+ ions in the parent KNVBP can be extracted and exchanged by Na+ ions after the first charge/discharge cycle. The in situ-generated Na-rich phase shows reversible electrochemical activity at approximately 3.9 V versus Na+/Na with a specific capacity of 52.9 mAh g-1, comparable to 96.2% of the theoretical capacity. Moreover, enhanced ionic diffusion kinetics can be achieved after the Na+/K+ exchange. This study provides a valuable insight into the electrochemical ion exchange in polyanion compounds toward application in metal-ion batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yanning Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Kangzhe Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
| | - Yang Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
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2
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Lei YJ, Zhao L, Lai WH, Huang Z, Sun B, Jaumaux P, Sun K, Wang YX, Wang G. Electrochemical coupling in subnanometer pores/channels for rechargeable batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3829-3895. [PMID: 38436202 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01043k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Subnanometer pores/channels (SNPCs) play crucial roles in regulating electrochemical redox reactions for rechargeable batteries. The delicately designed and tailored porous structure of SNPCs not only provides ample space for ion storage but also facilitates efficient ion diffusion within the electrodes in batteries, which can greatly improve the electrochemical performance. However, due to current technological limitations, it is challenging to synthesize and control the quality, storage, and transport of nanopores at the subnanometer scale, as well as to understand the relationship between SNPCs and performances. In this review, we systematically classify and summarize materials with SNPCs from a structural perspective, dividing them into one-dimensional (1D) SNPCs, two-dimensional (2D) SNPCs, and three-dimensional (3D) SNPCs. We also unveil the unique physicochemical properties of SNPCs and analyse electrochemical couplings in SNPCs for rechargeable batteries, including cathodes, anodes, electrolytes, and functional materials. Finally, we discuss the challenges that SNPCs may face in electrochemical reactions in batteries and propose future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jie Lei
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Lingfei Zhao
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Wei-Hong Lai
- Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
| | - Zefu Huang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Bing Sun
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Pauline Jaumaux
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
| | - Kening Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 10081, P. R. China.
| | - Yun-Xiao Wang
- Institute of Energy Materials Science (IEMS), University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, P. R. China.
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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3
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Nathan MGT, Yu H, Kim G, Kim J, Cho JS, Kim J, Kim J. Recent Advances in Layered Metal-Oxide Cathodes for Application in Potassium-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2105882. [PMID: 35478355 PMCID: PMC9218662 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202105882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
To meet future energy demands, currently, dominant lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) must be supported by abundant and cost-effective alternative battery materials. Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are promising alternatives to LIBs because KIB materials are abundant and because KIBs exhibit intercalation chemistry like LIBs and comparable energy densities. In pursuit of superior batteries, designing and developing highly efficient electrode materials are indispensable for meeting the requirements of large-scale energy storage applications. Despite using graphite anodes in KIBs instead of in sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), developing suitable KIB cathodes is extremely challenging and has attracted considerable research attention. Among the various cathode materials, layered metal oxides have attracted considerable interest owing to their tunable stoichiometry, high specific capacity, and structural stability. Therefore, the recent progress in layered metal-oxide cathodes is comprehensively reviewed for application to KIBs and the fundamental material design, classification, phase transitions, preparation techniques, and corresponding electrochemical performance of KIBs are presented. Furthermore, the challenges and opportunities associated with developing layered oxide cathode materials are presented for practical application to KIBs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hakgyoon Yu
- Department of Energy Convergence EngineeringCheongju UniversityCheongjuChungbuk28503Republic of Korea
| | - Guk‐Tae Kim
- Department of Energy Convergence EngineeringCheongju UniversityCheongjuChungbuk28503Republic of Korea
| | - Jin‐Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Health Science Cheongju UniversityCheongjuChungbuk28503Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Sang Cho
- Department of Engineering ChemistryChungbuk National UniversityChungbuk28644Republic of Korea
| | - Jeha Kim
- Department of Energy Convergence EngineeringCheongju UniversityCheongjuChungbuk28503Republic of Korea
| | - Jae‐Kwang Kim
- Department of Energy Convergence EngineeringCheongju UniversityCheongjuChungbuk28503Republic of Korea
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4
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Ding J, Wang Y, Huang Z, Song W, Zhong C, Ding J, Hu W. Toward Theoretical Capacity and Superhigh Power Density for Potassium-Selenium Batteries via Facilitating Reversible Potassiation Kinetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6828-6840. [PMID: 35099173 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Potassium-selenium (K-Se) batteries attract tremendous attention because of the two-electron transfer of the selenium cathode. Nonetheless, practical K-Se cells normally display selenium underutilization and unsatisfactory rate capability. Herein, we employ a synergistic spatial confinement and architecture engineering strategy to establish selenium cathodes for probing the effect of K+ diffusion kinetics on K-Se battery performance and improving the charge transfer efficiency at ultrahigh rates. By impregnating selenium into hollow and solid carbon spheres with similar diameters and porous structures, the obtained parallel Se/C composites possess nearly identical selenium loadings, molecular structures, and heterogeneous interfaces but enormously different paths for K+ diffusion. Remarkably, as the solid-state K+ diffusion distance is significantly reduced, the K-Se cell achieves 96% of 2e- transfer capacity (647.1 mA h g-1). Reversible capacities of 283.5 and 224.1 mA h g-1 are obtained at 7.5 and 15C, respectively, corresponding to an unprecedented high power density of 8777.8 W kg-1. Quantitative kinetic analysis demonstrated a twofold higher capacitive charge storage contribution and a 1 order of magnitude higher K+ diffusion coefficient due to the short K+ diffusion path. By combining the determination of potassiation products by ex situ characterization and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, it is identified that the kinetic factor is decisive for K-Se battery performances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yidu Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zechuan Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wanqing Song
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Jia Ding
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Wenbin Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, China
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5
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Holguin K, Qin K, Huang J, Luo C. A carboxylate- and pyridine-based organic anode material for K-ion batteries. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03447f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a new carboxylate- and pyridine-based organic anode material was exploited in K-ion batteries. The results demonstrate the critical role of multiple active centers (CO and CN) in one molecule to enhance the electrochemical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Holguin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Kaiqiang Qin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Jinghao Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Chao Luo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science & Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
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6
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Zhao L, Zheng L, Li X, Wang H, Lv LP, Chen S, Sun W, Wang Y. Cobalt Coordinated Cyano Covalent-Organic Framework for High-Performance Potassium-Organic Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:48913-48922. [PMID: 34609129 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c15441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Potassium ion batteries (PIBs) are expected to become the next large-scale energy storage candidates due to its low cost and abundant resources. And the covalent organic framework (COF), with designable periodic organic structure and ability to organize redox active groups predictably, has been considering as the promising organic electrode candidate for PIB. Herein, we report the facile synthesis of the cyano-COF with Co coordination via a facile microwave digestion reaction and its application in the high-energy potassium ion batteries for the first time. The obtained COF-Co material exhibits the enhanced π-π accumulation and abundant defects originated from the Co interaction with the two-dimensional layered sheet structure of COF, which are beneficial for its energy-storage application. Adopted as the inorganic-metal boosted organic electrode for PIBs, the COF-Co with Co coordination can promote the formation of the π-K+ interaction, which could lead to the activation of aromatic rings for potassium-ion storage. Besides, the porous two-dimensional layered structure of COF-Co with abundant defects can also promote the shortened diffusion distance of ion/electron with promoted K+ insertion/extraction ability. Enhanced cycling stability with large reversible capacity (371 mAh g-1 after 400 cycles at 100 mA g-1) and good rate properties (105 mAh g-1 at 2000 mA g-1) have been achieved for the COF-Co electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Lu Zheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xiaopeng Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China
| | - Han Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Li-Ping Lv
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Shuangqiang Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Sun
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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7
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Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu Y, Wang C, Du F. Ultralong Life Symmetric Potassium Ion Batteries Using a Bipolar Cr/Ti Based Layered Material. Chem Res Chin Univ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-021-0416-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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8
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Zhang W, Huang W, Zhang Q. Organic Materials as Electrodes in Potassium‐Ion Batteries. Chemistry 2021; 27:6131-6144. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weisheng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University Qinhuangdao 066004 P. R. China
| | - Qichun Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 P. R. China
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9
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Zhang X, Wei Z, Dinh KN, Chen N, Chen G, Du F, Yan Q. Layered Oxide Cathode for Potassium-Ion Battery: Recent Progress and Prospective. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2002700. [PMID: 32762009 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202002700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) have demonstrated great potential as alternative technologies to the currently used lithium-ion batteries on account of the competitive price and low redox potential of potassium which is advantageous to applications in the smart grid. As the critical component determining the energy density, appropriate cathode materials are of vital need for the realization of KIBs. Layered oxide cathodes are promising candidates for KIBs due to high reversible capacity, appropriate operating potential, and most importantly, facile and easily scalable synthesis. In light of this trend, the recent advancements and progress in layered oxides research for KIBs cathodes, covering material design, structural evolution, and electrochemical performance are comprehensively reviewed. The structure-performance correlation and some effective optimization strategies are also discussed. Furthermore, challenges and prospects of these layered cathodes are included, with the purpose of providing fresh impetus for future development of these materials for advanced energy storage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Zhixuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Khang Ngoc Dinh
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Nan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Fei Du
- Key Laboratory of Physics and Technology for Advanced Batteries (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Qingyu Yan
- Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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10
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Bhatia A, Pereira‐Ramos J, Emery N, Laïk B, Smith RI, Baddour‐Hadjean R. An Exploratory Investigation of Spinel LiMn
1.5
Ni
0.5
O
4
as Cathode Material for Potassium‐Ion Battery. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Bhatia
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE)UMR 7182 CNRS-Université Paris-Est Créteil 2 rue Henri Dunant 94320 Thiais France
| | - Jean‐Pierre Pereira‐Ramos
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE)UMR 7182 CNRS-Université Paris-Est Créteil 2 rue Henri Dunant 94320 Thiais France
| | - Nicolas Emery
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE)UMR 7182 CNRS-Université Paris-Est Créteil 2 rue Henri Dunant 94320 Thiais France
| | - Barbara Laïk
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE)UMR 7182 CNRS-Université Paris-Est Créteil 2 rue Henri Dunant 94320 Thiais France
| | - Ronald I. Smith
- ISIS FacilitySTFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Oxford Didcot Oxfordshire OX11 OQX United Kingdom
| | - Rita Baddour‐Hadjean
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris Est (ICMPE)UMR 7182 CNRS-Université Paris-Est Créteil 2 rue Henri Dunant 94320 Thiais France
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Wang X, Zhao J, Yao D, Xu Y, Xu P, Chen Y, Chen Y, Zhu K, Cheng K, Ye K, Yan J, Cao D, Wang G. Bio-derived hierarchically porous heteroatoms doped‑carbon as anode for high performance potassium-ion batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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12
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Du Y, Zhao S, Li J, Chen H, Xu C, Zhang W, Li P, Jin H, Zhang Y, Zhang J. Rechargeable High‐Capacity Aluminum‐Nickel Batteries. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201903842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Du
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Shimeng Zhao
- International Department of Shandong Experimental High School Jinan 250001, Shandong China
| | - Jialin Li
- International Department of Shandong Experimental High School Jinan 250001, Shandong China
| | - Haixia Chen
- Binzhou Bohai Piston Co. Ltd Binzhou 256602, Shandong China
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Wenyang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Huixin Jin
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Youjian Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
| | - Jianxin Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShandong University Jinan 250061, Shandong China
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Tan H, Du X, Huang JQ, Zhang B. KVPO 4F as a novel insertion-type anode for potassium ion batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11311-11314. [PMID: 31478553 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05368a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
KVPO4F is found to be capable of both accepting and donating K ions. As an anode, it delivers a reversible capacity of over 100 mA h g-1 with an average potential of 1.15 V vs. K+/K. The anode is also able to work in a wide temperature range of 0-55 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Tan
- Department of Applied Physics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
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