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Gong H, Zhou Y, Ma P, Xiao X, Liu H. Cobalt-Modified Black Phosphorus Nanosheets-Enabled Ferrate (VI) Activation for Efficient Chemiluminescence Detection of Thiabendazole. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2465-2475. [PMID: 38682311 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The development of chemiluminescence-based innovation sensing systems and the construction of a sensing mechanism to improve the analytical performance of compounds remain a great challenge. Herein, we fabricated an advanced oxidation processes pretreated chemiluminescence (AOP-CL) sensing system via the introduction of cobalt-modified black phosphorus nanosheets (Co@BPNs) to achieve higher efficient thiabendazole (TBZ) detection. Co@BPNs, enriched with lattice oxygen, exhibited a superior catalytic performance for accelerating the decomposition of ferrate (VI). This Co@BPNs-based ferrate (VI) AOP system demonstrated a unique ability to selectively decompose TBZ, resulting in a strong CL emission. On this basis, a highly selective and sensitive CL sensing platform for TBZ was established, which exhibited strong resistance to common ions and pesticides interference. This was successfully applied to detecting TBZ in environmental samples such as tea and kiwi fruits. Besides, the TBZ detection mechanism was explored, Co@BPNs-based ferrate (VI) AOP system produced a high yield of ROS (mainly 1O2), which oxidized the thiazole-based structure of TBZ, generating chemical energy that was transferred to Co@BPNs via a chemical electron exchange luminescence (CIEEL) mechanism, leading to intense CL emission. Notably, this study not only proposed an innovative approach to enhance the chemical activity and CL properties of nanomaterials but also offered a new pathway for designing efficient CL probes for pollutant monitoring in complex samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yuxian Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Peihua Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xin Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Houjing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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2
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Shutt RRC, Ramireddy T, Stylianidis E, Di Mino C, Ingle RA, Ing G, Wibowo AA, Nguyen HT, Howard CA, Glushenkov AM, Stewart A, Clancy AJ. Synthesis of Black Phosphorene Quantum Dots from Red Phosphorus. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301232. [PMID: 37435907 PMCID: PMC10947263 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Black phosphorene quantum dots (BPQDs) are most commonly derived from high-cost black phosphorus, while previous syntheses from the low-cost red phosphorus (Pred ) allotrope are highly oxidised. Herein, we present an intrinsically scalable method to produce high quality BPQDs, by first ball-milling Pred to create nanocrystalline Pblack and subsequent reductive etching using lithium electride solvated in liquid ammonia. The resultant ~25 nm BPQDs are crystalline with low oxygen content, and spontaneously soluble as individualized monolayers in tertiary amide solvents, as directly imaged by liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy. This new method presents a scalable route to producing quantities of high quality BPQDs for academic and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca R. C. Shutt
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Thrinathreddy Ramireddy
- Research School of ChemistryThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
- Battery Storage and Grid Integration ProgramThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
| | | | - Camilla Di Mino
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Rebecca A. Ingle
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Gabriel Ing
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Ary A. Wibowo
- School of EngineeringThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
| | - Hieu T. Nguyen
- School of EngineeringThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
| | | | - Alexey M. Glushenkov
- Research School of ChemistryThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
- Battery Storage and Grid Integration ProgramThe Australian National UniversityActonACT 2601Australia
| | - Andrew Stewart
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
| | - Adam J. Clancy
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College LondonLondonWC1E 6BTUK
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3
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Liu H, Mo T, Zhou Y, Gong H, Zhao D. Electron-rich silicon quantum dots-based charge transfer probe for highly selective chemiluminescence detection of Fe2+ in PM2.5. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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4
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Highly efficient sensor for triphenyl phosphate based on UV-induced chemiluminescence. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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5
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Applications of nanomaterial-based chemiluminescence sensors in environmental analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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6
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Liu H, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Gou J. Europium functionalized black phosphorus quantum dots as a CRET platform for synergistically enhanced chemiluminescence. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5168-5171. [PMID: 35388380 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00389a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we synthesize stable europium ion modified black phosphorus quantum dots (Eu-BPQDs) using a microwave irradiation technique, which can react with organic amines exhibiting unique chemiluminescence (CL). The mechanism of the Eu-BPQDs/organic amines CL system accounting for the efficient CRET is induced by the chelation of organic amines with the surface functionalized europium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houjing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Yuxian Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
| | - Jing Gou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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Yan X, Zhao K, Yang Y, Qiu A, Zhang X, Liu J, Zha C, Mai X, Ai F, Zheng X. Utilizing dual carriers assisted by enzyme digestion chemiluminescence signal enhancement strategy simultaneously detect tumor markers CEA and AFP. ANAL SCI 2022; 38:889-897. [PMID: 35403957 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-022-00109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
To measure two tumor biomarkers, alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), a dual-carrier CL sensor with restriction enzyme digestion (Exo I) and aptamer technology utilizing gold nanoparticles (hydroxylamine amplification) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as the CL signal enhancement in the sensing strategy was formed. These nanoparticles and nano-enzyme were precisely detected and tagged to the appropriate position attributable to the particular recognition of biotin and streptavidin. In this sensing strategy, target markers were further enriched and recognized sensitively by CL following enrichment, and matching strong chemical signals were collected under luminol catalysis, allowing for marker identification. For CEA (0.1-80 ng/mL) and AFP (2-500 ng/mL), the proposed method has a large linear range, with detection limits of 36.6 pg/mL and 0.94 ng/mL, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiluan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunting Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Aojun Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinlei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengyi Zha
- Department of Pharmacy, The 3rd People's Hospital, Jingdezhen, 333000, China
| | - Xi Mai
- School of Pharmacy, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanrong Ai
- School of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangjuan Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, People's Republic of China.
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8
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Yang W, Song H, Su Y, Sun M, Lv Y. K + Ion-Doped Mixed Carbon Nitride: A Daylight-Driven Photocatalyst and Luminophore for Enhanced Chemiluminescence. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:5478-5486. [PMID: 35067047 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic production of reactive oxygen species from O2 at the interface of the photocatalyst is significant to convert luminous energy like daylight into chemical energy and could be momentous for a reactive oxygen species-based chemiluminescence system. Herein, we synthesized a novel K+ ion-doped tri-s-triazine/triazine mixed carbon nitride (MCN), in which K+ ions were intercalated into the layers in a bridging manner. After a mild daylight treatment for 30 min, the MCN suspension could produce long-lifetime reactive oxygen species and further directly produce intense and stable chemiluminescence emission in the presence of luminol. In particular, the chemiluminescence intensity was 780 times that of H2O2-luminol, and MCN could be recycled several times in the chemiluminescence system. The mechanism results revealed a large number of reactive oxygen species that were generated from O2 on the surface of MCN through a temperate photocatalytic process. In the theoretical calculation, the charge density of N interacting with K+ ions was significantly more negative than that at the corresponding position in graphitic carbon nitride, which was beneficial to the adsorption and activation of oxygen, and the narrower band gap suggested that the doping of K+ ions was conducive to the intramolecular charge transfer interaction. Then, the long-lifetime reactive oxygen species triggered the conversion of luminol into an excited-state intermediate, which further transferred energy to MCN, producing strong chemiluminescence emission. The K+ ion-doped MCN might conduct as an efficient photocatalyst for reactive oxygen species generation, recyclable catalysts, and luminophores in the photoinduced chemiluminescence system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Hongjie Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Mingxia Sun
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
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9
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Zhang LC, Yang YM, Liang L, Jiang YJ, Li CM, Li YF, Zhan L, Zou HY, Huang CZ. Lighting up of carbon dots for copper(II) detection using an aggregation-induced enhanced strategy. Analyst 2022; 147:417-422. [PMID: 35029606 DOI: 10.1039/d1an02147h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots have promising prospects for analytical and monitoring purposes, but are greatly hindered by the aggregation-induced luminescence quenching owing to the π-π interaction or the non-radiation-excited radical complex formation. Herein hydrothermally prepared orange-yellow fluorescent carbon dots (O-CDs) show an aggregation-induced fluorescence enhancement (AIFE) with Cu2+ owing to the complexation of Cu(II) and the O-CDs. Cu2+ was then sensitively and selectively detected in the linear range from 0.02 to 30 μM with the detection limit of 14 nM, making the detection of Cu2+ in fresh water and E. coli lysate successful, showing that the as-prepared O-CDs could be well applied to the environmental monitoring of heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Meng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Ling Liang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Yong Jian Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Chun Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Yuan Fang Li
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical System, Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
| | - Lei Zhan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Hong Yan Zou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China.
| | - Cheng Zhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Luminescence and Real-Time Analytical System, Chongqing Science and Technology Bureau, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P.R. China
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10
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Tzani MA, Gioftsidou DK, Kallitsakis MG, Pliatsios NV, Kalogiouri NP, Angaridis PA, Lykakis IN, Terzidis MA. Direct and Indirect Chemiluminescence: Reactions, Mechanisms and Challenges. Molecules 2021; 26:7664. [PMID: 34946744 PMCID: PMC8705051 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Emission of light by matter can occur through a variety of mechanisms. When it results from an electronically excited state of a species produced by a chemical reaction, it is called chemiluminescence (CL). The phenomenon can take place both in natural and artificial chemical systems and it has been utilized in a variety of applications. In this review, we aim to revisit some of the latest CL applications based on direct and indirect production modes. The characteristics of the chemical reactions and the underpinning CL mechanisms are thoroughly discussed in view of studies from the very recent bibliography. Different methodologies aiming at higher CL efficiencies are summarized and presented in detail, including CL type and scaffolds used in each study. The CL role in the development of efficient therapeutic platforms is also discussed in relation to the Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and singlet oxygen (1O2) produced, as final products. Moreover, recent research results from our team are included regarding the behavior of commonly used photosensitizers upon chemical activation under CL conditions. The CL prospects in imaging, biomimetic organic and radical chemistry, and therapeutics are critically presented in respect to the persisting challenges and limitations of the existing strategies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A. Tzani
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Dimitra K. Gioftsidou
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Michael G. Kallitsakis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Nikolaos V. Pliatsios
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Natasa P. Kalogiouri
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Panagiotis A. Angaridis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Ioannis N. Lykakis
- Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; (M.A.Tz.); (D.K.G.); (M.G.K.); (N.V.P.); (N.P.K.); (P.A.A.)
| | - Michael A. Terzidis
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, International Hellenic University, Sindos Campus, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
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Bovine serum albumin-encapsulated gold nanoclusters-Cu2+ synergize and promote calcein chemiluminescence for glutathione detection in human whole blood. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Li H, Wang J, Du J. A novel luminol chemiluminescence system induced by black phosphorus quantum dots for cobalt (II) detection. Talanta 2020; 223:121712. [PMID: 33303161 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Black phosphorus quantum dots (BP QDs) were prepared through a solvothermal exfoliation method in alkaline N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone. The BP QDs induce distinct chemiluminescence (CL) of alkaline luminol directly. A possible reaction mechanism is proposed by the study of CL spectrum, ultraviolet-visible absorption spectra, electron paramagnetic resonance spectra as well as radical scavenging experiments. The presence of BP QDs significantly increases generation of active oxygen species, which oxidize luminol and lead to intense CL emission at 425 nm. The reaction of luminol with BP QDs are specifically catalyzed by cobalt (II) ion, this presents a sensitive CL method for cobalt (II) ion. A linear response range extends from 2.5 to 2000.0 pmol/L cobalt (II) ion and a detection limit of 0.7 pmol/L (3sb) is acquired. The method displays a good precision approved by a relative standard deviation of 1.9% at 100.0 pmol/L cobalt (II) ion solution (n = 11). A preliminary application of the method was conducted by successful determination of cobalt amount in silica gel and rain water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdan Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jianxiu Du
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China.
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Sun M, Su Y, Lv Y. Advances in chemiluminescence and electrogenerated chemiluminescence based on silicon nanomaterials. LUMINESCENCE 2020; 35:978-988. [PMID: 32452150 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Since 1950, when chemiluminescence (CL) of siloxane upon treatment with strong oxidants was discovered by Kurtz, many silicon-based nanomaterials with different elements, specific molecules, shapes and sizes have been developed as light emitters, energy acceptors, and catalyzers to provide valuable CL and electrogenerated CL (ECL) detection platforms in analytical chemistry fields. This review mainly focuses on the recent development of their mechanisms and sensing methodologies for small molecules, free radicals, ion, enzyme, protein, DNA, cancer cells, and metabolites based on specific reactions such as aptamer sensing and enzymatic reaction. Additionally, the future trend is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxia Sun
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,College of Architecture & Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yingying Su
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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