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Zhang W, Cui Y, Lu M, Xu M, Li Y, Song H, Luo Y, Song J, Yang Y, Wang X, Liao L, Wang Y, Reid L, He Z. Hormonally and chemically defined expansion conditions for organoids of biliary tree Stem Cells. Bioact Mater 2024; 41:672-695. [PMID: 39309110 PMCID: PMC11415613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Wholly defined ex vivo expansion conditions for biliary tree stem cell (BTSC) organoids were established, consisting of a defined proliferative medium (DPM) used in combination with soft hyaluronan hydrogels. The DPM consisted of commercially available Kubota's Medium (KM), to which a set of small molecules, particular paracrine signals, and heparan sulfate (HS) were added. The small molecules used were DNA methyltransferase inhibitor (RG108), TGF- β Type I receptor inhibitor (A83-01), adenylate cyclase activator (Forskolin), and L-type Ca2+ channel agonist (Bay K8644). A key paracrine signal proved to be R-spondin 1 (RSPO1), a secreted protein that activates Wnts. Soluble hyaluronans, 0.05 % sodium hyaluronate, were used with DPM to expand monolayer cultures. Expansion of organoids was achieved by using DPM in combination with embedding organoids in Matrigel that was replaced with a defined thiol-hyaluronan triggered with PEGDA to form a hydrogel with a rheology [G*] of less than 100 Pa. The combination is called the BTSC-Expansion-Glycogel-System (BEX-gel system) for expanding BTSCs as a monolayer or as organoids. The BTSC organoids were expanded more than 3000-fold ex vivo in the BEX-gel system within 70 days while maintaining phenotypic traits indicative of stem/progenitors. Stem-cell-patch grafting of expanded BTSC organoids was performed on the livers of Fah-/- mice with tyrosinemia and resulted in the rescue of the mice and restoration of their normal liver functions. The BEX-gel system for BTSC organoid expansion provides a strategy to generate sufficient numbers of organoids for the therapeutic treatments of liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121001, China
| | - Mengqi Lu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Postgraduate Training Base of Shanghai East Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, 121001, China
| | - Mingyang Xu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yuting Li
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Haimeng Song
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yi Luo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jinjia Song
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, China
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Lijun Liao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200123, China
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Lola Reid
- Departments of Cell Biology and Physiology, Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, United States
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Medical Innovation Center and State Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200123, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai, 200335, China
- Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai, 200120, China
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2
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Qiao M, Wang Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Chen LA, Zhang F, Dordick JS, Linhardt RJ, Cai C, Huang H, Zhang X. Nanopore-regulated in situ polymerization for synthesis of homogeneous heparan sulfate with low dispersity. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122297. [PMID: 38876729 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The biological activities of heparan sulfate (HS) are intimately related to their molecular weights, degree and pattern of sulfation and homogeneity. The existing methods for synthesizing homogeneous sugar chains of low dispersity involve multiple steps and require stepwise isolation and purification processes. Here, we designed a mesoporous metal-organic capsule for the encapsulation of glycosyltransferase and obtained a microreactor capable of enzymatically catalyzing polymerization reactions to prepare homogeneous heparosan of low dispersity, the precursor of HS and heparin. Since the sugar chain extension occurs in the pores of the microreactor, low molecular weight heparosan can be synthesized through space-restricted catalysis. Moreover, the glycosylation co-product, uridine diphosphate (UDP), can be chelated with the exposed metal sites of the metal-organic capsule, which inhibits trans-cleavage to reduce the molecular weight dispersity. This microreactor offers the advantages of efficiency, reusability, and obviates the need for stepwise isolation and purification processes. Using the synthesized heparosan, we further successfully prepared homogeneous 6-O-sulfated HS of low dispersity with a molecular weight of approximately 6 kDa and a polydispersity index (PDI) of 1.032. Notably, the HS generated exhibited minimal anticoagulant activity, and its binding affinity to fibroblast growth factor 1 was comparable to that of low molecular weight heparins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Qiao
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yanqi Li
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Liang-An Chen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Biomedical Functional Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Power Batteries, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fuming Zhang
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Robert J Linhardt
- Departments of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY 12180, USA
| | - Chao Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - He Huang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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3
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Pongener I, Sletten ET, Danglad-Flores J, Seeberger PH, Miller GJ. Synthesis of a heparan sulfate tetrasaccharide using automated glycan assembly. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:1395-1399. [PMID: 38291974 PMCID: PMC10865181 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01909h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Herein we utilise automated glycan assembly to complete solid-phase synthesis of defined heparan sulfate oligosaccharides, employing challenging D-glucuronate disaccharide donors. Using an orthogonally protected D-GlcN-α-D-GlcA donor, milligram-scale synthesis of a heparan sulfate tetrasaccharide is completed in 18% yield over five steps. Furthermore, orthogonal protecting groups enabled regiospecific on-resin 6-O-sulfation. This methodology provides an important benchmark for the rapid assembly of biologically relevant heparan sulfate sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imlirenla Pongener
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences & Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
| | - Eric T Sletten
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - José Danglad-Flores
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Peter H Seeberger
- Department of Biomolecular Systems, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Gavin J Miller
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences & Centre for Glycoscience, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, ST5 5BG, UK.
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4
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Gu J, Li Y, Lu G, Ma Y, Zhang Y, Chen J. Glycopolymer-grafted nanoparticles as glycosaminoglycan mimics with cell proliferation and anti-tumor metastasis activities. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126975. [PMID: 37739278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are naturally existing extracellular components with a variety important biological functions. However, their heterogeneous chemical compositions and the challenges in purification have become the main disadvantages for clinical applications. Thus, various synthetic glycopolymers have been designed to mimic the structures and functions of natural GAGs. In the current study, glycopolymers from structurally simple glucose or N-acetylglucosamine monomers were synthesized, which were further subjected to sulfation of different degrees and grafting onto silica nanoparticles, leading to spherical-shaped nano-structures of uniform diameters. With the successively strengthened multivalent effect, the obtained glycopolymer nanoparticles not only showed excellent effects on promotion of cell proliferation by stabilizing growth factors, but also significantly inhibited tumor metastasis by weakening the adhesion between tumor cells and activated platelets. Among the prepared nanoparticles, S3-PGNAc@Si with N-acetylglucosamine segment and the highest sulfation degree exhibited the strongest bioactivities, which were even close to those of heparin. This work presents a novel approach for structural and functional mimicking of natural GAGs from simple and low-cost monosaccharides, holding great potential for a range of biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Gu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Guodong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yongxin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Jinghua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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5
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Zhang W, Xu Y, Wang X, Oikawa T, Su G, Wauthier E, Wu G, Sethupathy P, He Z, Liu J, Reid LM. Fibrolamellar carcinomas-growth arrested by paracrine signals complexed with synthesized 3-O sulfated heparan sulfate oligosaccharides. Matrix Biol 2023; 121:194-216. [PMID: 37402431 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2023.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Fibrolamellar carcinomas (FLCs), lethal tumors occurring in children to young adults, have genetic signatures implicating derivation from biliary tree stem cell (BTSC) subpopulations, co-hepato/pancreatic stem cells, involved in hepatic and pancreatic regeneration. FLCs and BTSCs express pluripotency genes, endodermal transcription factors, and stem cell surface, cytoplasmic and proliferation biomarkers. The FLC-PDX model, FLC-TD-2010, is driven ex vivo to express pancreatic acinar traits, hypothesized responsible for this model's propensity for enzymatic degradation of cultures. A stable ex vivo model of FLC-TD-2010 was achieved using organoids in serum-free Kubota's Medium (KM) supplemented with 0.1% hyaluronans (KM/HA). Heparins (10 ng/ml) caused slow expansion of organoids with doubling times of ∼7-9 days. Spheroids, organoids depleted of mesenchymal cells, survived indefinitely in KM/HA in a state of growth arrest for more than 2 months. Expansion was restored with FLCs co-cultured with mesenchymal cell precursors in a ratio of 3:7, implicating paracrine signaling. Signals identified included FGFs, VEGFs, EGFs, Wnts, and others, produced by associated stellate and endothelial cell precursors. Fifty-three, unique heparan sulfate (HS) oligosaccharides were synthesized, assessed for formation of high affinity complexes with paracrine signals, and each complex screened for biological activity(ies) on organoids. Ten distinct HS-oligosaccharides, all 10-12 mers or larger, and in specific paracrine signal complexes elicited particular biological responses. Of note, complexes of paracrine signals and 3-O sulfated HS-oligosaccharides elicited slowed growth, and with Wnt3a, elicited growth arrest of organoids for months. If future efforts are used to prepare HS-oligosaccharides resistant to breakdown in vivo, then [paracrine signal-HS-oligosaccharide] complexes are potential therapeutic agents for clinical treatments of FLCs, an exciting prospect for a deadly disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Xicheng Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Tsunekazu Oikawa
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Guowei Su
- Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Eliane Wauthier
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Guoxiu Wu
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Praveen Sethupathy
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, United States
| | - Zhiying He
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200123, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational Medicine, Shanghai 200335, China; Shanghai Institute of Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, Shanghai 200120, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Glycan Therapeutics Corporation, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, NC 27606, United States
| | - Lola M Reid
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Program in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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6
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Perez S, Makshakova O, Angulo J, Bedini E, Bisio A, de Paz JL, Fadda E, Guerrini M, Hricovini M, Hricovini M, Lisacek F, Nieto PM, Pagel K, Paiardi G, Richter R, Samsonov SA, Vivès RR, Nikitovic D, Ricard Blum S. Glycosaminoglycans: What Remains To Be Deciphered? JACS AU 2023; 3:628-656. [PMID: 37006755 PMCID: PMC10052243 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.2c00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are complex polysaccharides exhibiting a vast structural diversity and fulfilling various functions mediated by thousands of interactions in the extracellular matrix, at the cell surface, and within the cells where they have been detected in the nucleus. It is known that the chemical groups attached to GAGs and GAG conformations comprise "glycocodes" that are not yet fully deciphered. The molecular context also matters for GAG structures and functions, and the influence of the structure and functions of the proteoglycan core proteins on sulfated GAGs and vice versa warrants further investigation. The lack of dedicated bioinformatic tools for mining GAG data sets contributes to a partial characterization of the structural and functional landscape and interactions of GAGs. These pending issues will benefit from the development of new approaches reviewed here, namely (i) the synthesis of GAG oligosaccharides to build large and diverse GAG libraries, (ii) GAG analysis and sequencing by mass spectrometry (e.g., ion mobility-mass spectrometry), gas-phase infrared spectroscopy, recognition tunnelling nanopores, and molecular modeling to identify bioactive GAG sequences, biophysical methods to investigate binding interfaces, and to expand our knowledge and understanding of glycocodes governing GAG molecular recognition, and (iii) artificial intelligence for in-depth investigation of GAGomic data sets and their integration with proteomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Perez
- Centre
de Recherche sur les Macromolecules, Vegetales,
University of Grenoble-Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble F-38041 France
| | - Olga Makshakova
- FRC
Kazan Scientific Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Kazan 420111, Russia
| | - Jesus Angulo
- Insituto
de Investigaciones Quimicas, CIC Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, SP 41092, Spain
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples
Federico II, Naples,I-80126, Italy
| | - Antonella Bisio
- Istituto
di Richerche Chimiche e Biochimiche, G. Ronzoni, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Jose Luis de Paz
- Insituto
de Investigaciones Quimicas, CIC Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, SP 41092, Spain
| | - Elisa Fadda
- Department
of Chemistry and Hamilton Institute, Maynooth
University, Maynooth W23 F2H6, Ireland
| | - Marco Guerrini
- Istituto
di Richerche Chimiche e Biochimiche, G. Ronzoni, Milan I-20133, Italy
| | - Michal Hricovini
- Institute
of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava SK-845 38, Slovakia
| | - Milos Hricovini
- Institute
of Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava SK-845 38, Slovakia
| | - Frederique Lisacek
- Computer
Science Department & Section of Biology, University of Geneva & Swiss Institue of Bioinformatics, Geneva CH-1227, Switzerland
| | - Pedro M. Nieto
- Insituto
de Investigaciones Quimicas, CIC Cartuja, CSIC and Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, SP 41092, Spain
| | - Kevin Pagel
- Institut
für Chemie und Biochemie Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Giulia Paiardi
- Molecular
and Cellular Modeling Group, Heidelberg Institute for Theoretical
Studies, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg 69118, Germany
| | - Ralf Richter
- School
of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, School of
Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences,
Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology and Bragg Centre for
Materials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
| | - Sergey A. Samsonov
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdansk, Gdsank 80-309, Poland
| | - Romain R. Vivès
- Univ.
Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IBS, Grenoble F-38044, France
| | - Dragana Nikitovic
- School
of Histology-Embriology, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Sylvie Ricard Blum
- University
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, INSA Lyon, CPE, Institute of Molecular and Supramolecular Chemistry and Biochemistry,
UMR 5246, Villeurbanne F 69622 Cedex, France
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7
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Kawakami T, Teramoto T, Kakuta Y. Crystal structure of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate kinase isolated from Archaeoglobus fulgidus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 643:105-110. [PMID: 36592583 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.12.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) molecule is essential during enzyme-catalyzed sulfation reactions as a sulfate donor and is an intermediate in the reduction of sulfate to sulfite in the sulfur assimilation pathway. PAPS is produced through a two-step reaction involving ATP sulfurylase and adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) kinase enzymes/domains. However, archaeal APS kinases have not yet been characterized and their mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we first structurally characterized APS kinase from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Archaeoglobus fulgidus, (AfAPSK). We demonstrated the PAPS production activity of AfAPSK at the optimal growth temperature (83 °C). Furthermore, we determined the two crystal structures of AfAPSK: ADP complex and ATP analog adenylyl-imidodiphosphate (AMP-PNP)/Mg2+/APS complex. Structural and complementary mutational analyses revealed the catalytic and substrate recognition mechanisms of AfAPSK. This study also hints at the molecular basis behind the thermal stability of AfAPSK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Kawakami
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Takamasa Teramoto
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Yoshimitsu Kakuta
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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8
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Hoffmann M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Polymers Inspired by Heparin and Heparan Sulfate for Viral Targeting. Macromolecules 2022; 55:7957-7973. [PMID: 36186574 PMCID: PMC9520969 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L. Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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9
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Hoffmann M, Snyder NL, Hartmann L. Glycosaminoglycan Mimetic Precision Glycomacromolecules with Sequence-Defined Sulfation and Rigidity Patterns. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:4004-4014. [PMID: 35959886 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAGs) such as heparan sulfate (HS) are structurally diverse linear polysaccharides that are involved in many biological processes and have gained interest as antiviral compounds. Their recognition is driven by a complex orchestra of structural parameters that are still under intense investigation. One distinct characteristic is the incorporation of sulfation patterns including highly sulfated and non-sulfated sequences that provide variations in flexibility and conformation, which in turn impact the biological function of sGAGs. However, these distinct features have not yet been fully realized in the synthetic preparation of sGAG mimetics. Here, we present the synthesis of three groups of sulfated glycomacromolecules as sGAG mimetics: (i) globally sulfated glycooligomers, (ii) glycooligomers with sequence-defined sulfation patterns, and (iii) a globally sulfated glycooligomer-oligo-L-proline hybrid structure. The complete synthesis, including chemical sulfation, was conducted on solid support, enabled by the introduction of a commercially available photocleavable linker allowing for the preservation of sensitive sulfates during cleavage of the products. Structures were obtained in good purity and with high degrees of sulfation demonstrating the wide applicability of this methodology to prepare tailor-made sulfated glycomacromolecules and similar sGAG mimetics. Structures were tested for their anticoagulant properties showing activity similar to their natural HS counterpart and significantly lower than HP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Hoffmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Nicole L Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, Davidson College, Davidson, North Carolina 28035, United States
| | - Laura Hartmann
- Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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10
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Uchimura K, Nishitsuji K, Chiu L, Ohgita T, Saito H, Allain F, Gannedi V, Wong C, Hung S. Design and Synthesis of 6-O-Phosphorylated Heparan Sulfate Oligosaccharides to Inhibit Amyloid β Aggregation. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200191. [PMID: 35585797 PMCID: PMC9401075 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulation of amyloidogenic proteins and their abnormal processing and deposition in tissues cause systemic and localized amyloidosis. Formation of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils that deposit as amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brains is an earliest pathological hallmark. The polysulfated heparan sulfate (HS)/heparin (HP) is one of the non-protein components of Aβ deposits that not only modulates Aβ aggregation, but also acts as a receptor for Aβ fibrils to mediate their cytotoxicity. Interfering with the interaction between HS/HP and Aβ could be a therapeutic strategy to arrest amyloidosis. Here we have synthesized the 6-O-phosphorylated HS/HP oligosaccharides and reported their competitive effects on the inhibition of HP-mediated Aβ fibril formation in vitro using a thioflavin T fluorescence assay and a tapping mode atomic force microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Uchimura
- Univ. Lille, CNRSUMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Kazuchika Nishitsuji
- Department of BiochemistryWakayama Medical University811–1 KimiideraWakayama641-8509Japan
| | - Li‐Ting Chiu
- Genomics Research CenterAcademia Sinica, 128, Section 2 Academia RoadTaipei11529Taiwan
| | - Takashi Ohgita
- Department of Biophysical ChemistryKyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5Misasagi-Nakauchi-choYamashina-kuKyoto607-8414Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Department of Biophysical ChemistryKyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5Misasagi-Nakauchi-choYamashina-kuKyoto607-8414Japan
| | - Fabrice Allain
- Univ. Lille, CNRSUMR 8576 – UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | | | - Chi‐Huey Wong
- Genomics Research CenterAcademia Sinica, 128, Section 2 Academia RoadTaipei11529Taiwan
- Department of ChemistryThe Scripps Research Institute10550 North Torrey Pines Road BCC 338La JollaCA 92037USA
| | - Shang‐Cheng Hung
- Genomics Research CenterAcademia Sinica, 128, Section 2 Academia RoadTaipei11529Taiwan
- Department of Applied ScienceNational Taitung University369, Section 2 University RoadTaitung95092Taiwan
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11
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Feng Q, Si Y, Zhu L, Wang F, Fang J, Pan C, Gao X, Liu W. Anti-inflammatory effects of a SERP 30 polysaccharide from the residue of Sarcandra glabra against lipopolysaccharide-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome in mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 293:115262. [PMID: 35398243 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai, a valuable dietetic Chinese herb, is still widely used today. Multiple ingredients of S. glabra with a variety of activities such as anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antitumor were studied. However, the Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai polysaccharide hasn't been reported for its anti-inflammatory effect. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, the anti-inflammatory activity of Sarcandra glabra (Thunb.) Nakai polysaccharide was assessed in LPS-induced ARDS mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS A polysaccharide coded as SERP 30 was obtained by water extraction, alcohol precipitation, and gel filtration. After the physicochemical properties determination and structural characterization, LPS induced-mice ARDS model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and associated antioxidant activities of SERP 30. H&E staining was used to observe the seriousness of lung injury in mice. The ELISA method was used to measure the expression of inflammatory factors (TNF-α and IL-6) in the serum of the mice. The TBA method and the WST-1 method were used to evaluate the oxidative stress injury. Immunohistochemistry was used to distinguish the expression of metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), heparinase (HPA), syndecan-1, and decorin in ARDS-mice lung tissue. Western blotting was used to confirm the expression of related proteins in mouse lung tissue. RESULTS SERP 30 had a potential role in improving lung damage, reducing inflammation, and preventing oxidative stress. Moreover, SERP 30 significantly attenuated the damage to the endothelial glycocalyx and maintained the integrity of the glycocalyx. The western blotting result implied that the main anti-inflammatory mechanism is directed towards NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways with inhibiting the activation of associated proteins. CONCLUSION This research provides a theoretical basis for treating ARDS by using a byproduct from food resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Yu Si
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Lingling Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Feng Wang
- Simcere Pharmaceutical Group Limited, Nanjing, 210042, PR China
| | - Junqiang Fang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Glycobiology, Shandong University, Jinan, 250000, PR China
| | - Chun Pan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China
| | - Xiangdong Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
| | - Wei Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 210009, PR China.
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12
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Pedersen LC, Yi M, Pedersen LG, Kaminski AM. From Steroid and Drug Metabolism to Glycobiology, Using Sulfotransferase Structures to Understand and Tailor Function. Drug Metab Dispos 2022; 50:1027-1041. [PMID: 35197313 PMCID: PMC10753775 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.121.000478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfotransferases are ubiquitous enzymes that transfer a sulfo group from the universal cofactor donor 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to a broad range of acceptor substrates. In humans, the cytosolic sulfotransferases are involved in the sulfation of endogenous compounds such as steroids, neurotransmitters, hormones, and bile acids as well as xenobiotics including drugs, toxins, and environmental chemicals. The Golgi associated membrane-bound sulfotransferases are involved in post-translational modification of macromolecules from glycosaminoglycans to proteins. The sulfation of small molecules can have profound biologic effects on the functionality of the acceptor, including activation, deactivation, or enhanced metabolism and elimination. Sulfation of macromolecules has been shown to regulate a number of physiologic and pathophysiological pathways by enhancing binding affinity to regulatory proteins or binding partners. Over the last 25 years, crystal structures of these enzymes have provided a wealth of information on the mechanisms of this process and the specificity of these enzymes. This review will focus on the general commonalities of the sulfotransferases, from enzyme structure to catalytic mechanism as well as providing examples into how structural information is being used to either design drugs that inhibit sulfotransferases or to modify the enzymes to improve drug synthesis. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This manuscript honors Dr. Masahiko Negishi's contribution to the understanding of sulfotransferase mechanism, specificity, and roles in biology by analyzing the crystal structures that have been solved over the last 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars C Pedersen
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory (L.C.P., L.G.P., A.M.K.) and Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory (M.Y.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (L.G.P.)
| | - MyeongJin Yi
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory (L.C.P., L.G.P., A.M.K.) and Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory (M.Y.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (L.G.P.)
| | - Lee G Pedersen
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory (L.C.P., L.G.P., A.M.K.) and Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory (M.Y.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (L.G.P.)
| | - Andrea M Kaminski
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory (L.C.P., L.G.P., A.M.K.) and Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory (M.Y.), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina (L.G.P.)
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13
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Deng JQ, Lu Z, Liu J, Zhao Y, Hou XB, Guo XP, Jiang WJ, Wang FS, Sheng JZ. Heparosan oligosaccharide synthesis using engineered single-function glycosyltransferases. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02061g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A 24-fold increase in GlcNAc-transferase ability through KfiA screening and engineering. An approach for heparosan oligosaccharide synthesis relying on single-function glycosyltransferases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qun Deng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan 250010, China
| | - Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan 250010, China
| | - Xu-Ben Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Xue-Ping Guo
- Bloomage BioTechnology Corp., Ltd., Jinan 250010, China
| | - Wen-Jie Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Feng-Shan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
| | - Ju-Zheng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Natural Products (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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14
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Wander R, Kaminski AM, Wang Z, Stancanelli E, Xu Y, Pagadala V, Li J, Krahn JM, Pham TQ, Liu J, Pedersen LC. Structural and substrate specificity analysis of 3- O-sulfotransferase isoform 5 to synthesize heparan sulfate. ACS Catal 2021; 11:14956-14966. [PMID: 35223137 PMCID: PMC8865405 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase (3-OST) transfers a sulfo group to the 3-OH position of a glucosamine saccharide unit to form 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate. 3-O-sulfation is known to be critically important for bestowing anticoagulant activity and other biological functions of heparan sulfate. Here, we report two ternary crystal structures of 3-OST-5 with PAP (3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate) and two octasaccharide substrates. We also used 3-OST-5 to synthesize six 3-O-sulfated 8-mers. Results from the structural analysis of the six 3-O-sulfated 8-mers revealed the substrate specificity of 3-OST-5. The enzyme prefers to sulfate a 6-O-sulfo glucosamine saccharide that is surrounded by glucuronic acid over a 6-O-sulfo glucosamine saccharide that is surrounded by 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid. 3-OST-5 modified 8-mers display a broad range of anti-factor Xa activity, depending on the structure of the 8-mer. We also discovered that the substrate specificity of 3-OST-5 is not governed solely by the side chains from amino acid residues in the active site. The conformational flexibility of the 2-O-sulfated iduronic acid in the saccharide substrates also contributes to the substrate specificity. These findings advance our understanding for how to control the biosynthesis of 3-O-sulfated heparan sulfate with desired biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rylee Wander
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andrea M. Kaminski
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zhangjie Wang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Eduardo Stancanelli
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yongmei Xu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | | | - Jine Li
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Juno M. Krahn
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Truong Quang Pham
- Glycan Therapeutics Corp, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Lars C. Pedersen
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
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15
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Pongener I, O'Shea C, Wootton H, Watkinson M, Miller GJ. Developments in the Chemical Synthesis of Heparin and Heparan Sulfate. CHEM REC 2021; 21:3238-3255. [PMID: 34523797 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Heparin and heparan sulfate represent key members of the glycosaminoglycan family of carbohydrates and underpin considerable repertoires of biological importance. As such, their efficiency of synthesis represents a key requirement, to further understand and exploit the H/HS structure-to-biological function axis. In this review we focus on chemical approaches to and methodology improvements for the synthesis of these essential sugars (from 2015 onwards). We first consider advances in accessing the heparin-derived pentasaccharide anticoagulant fondaparinux. This is followed by heparan sulfate targets, including key building block synthesis, oligosaccharide construction and chemical sulfation techniques. We end with a consideration of technological improvements to traditional, solution-phase synthesis approaches that are increasingly being utilised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imlirenla Pongener
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Conor O'Shea
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Hannah Wootton
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Michael Watkinson
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Gavin J Miller
- Lennard-Jones Laboratories, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Keele University, ST5 5BG, Staffordshire, UK
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16
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Wang Z, Dhurandhare VM, Mahung CA, Arnold K, Li J, Su G, Xu D, Maile R, Liu J. Improving the Sensitivity for Quantifying Heparan Sulfate from Biological Samples. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11191-11199. [PMID: 34355888 PMCID: PMC8454094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heparan sulfates (HSs) are widely expressed glycans in the animal kingdom. HS plays a role in regulating cell differentiation/proliferation, embryonic development, blood coagulation, inflammatory response, and viral infection. The amount of HS and its structural information are critically important for investigating the functions of HS in vivo. A sensitive and reliable quantitative technique for the analysis of HS from biological samples is under development. Here, we report a new labeling reagent for HS disaccharides analysis, 6-amino-N-(2-diethylamino)ethyl quinoline-2-carboamide (AMQC). The AMQC-conjugated disaccharides are analyzed by LC-MS/MS in positive mode, significantly improving the sensitivity. The use of AMQC coupled with authentic 13C-labeled HS disaccharide internal standards empowered us to determine the amount and the disaccharide composition of the HS on a single histological slide. We used this method to profile the levels of HS in the plasma/serum and tissues/organs to assist the disease prognosis in two animal models, including the acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver injury mouse model and the burn injury mouse model. The method may uncover the roles of HS contributing to the diseases as well as provide a potential new set of biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhangjie Wang
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
| | - Vijay M Dhurandhare
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States.,Glycan Therapeutics, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Cressida A Mahung
- Department of Surgery, North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7050, United States
| | - Katelyn Arnold
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
| | - Jine Li
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
| | - Guowei Su
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States.,Glycan Therapeutics, 617 Hutton Street, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Ding Xu
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, The State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14214, United States
| | - Rob Maile
- Department of Surgery, North Carolina Jaycee Burn Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7050, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States.,Curriculum of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7325, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7568, United States
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