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Wang T, Liu S, Shen W, Liu J, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang F, Li T, Zhang X, Tian W, Zhang J, Ma J, Guo Y, Mi X, Lin Y, Hu Q, Zhang X, Liu J, Wang H. α-linolenic acid mitigates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation of schizophrenia in mice by suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway via binding GPR120-β-arrestin 2. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 142:113047. [PMID: 39236458 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.113047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/28/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a heterogeneous psychiatric disorder that is poorly treated by current therapies. Emerging evidence indicates that SCZ is closely correlated with a persistent neuroinflammation. α-linolenic acid (ALA) is highly concentrated in the brain and represents a modulator of the immune system by decreasing the inflammatory response in chronic metabolic diseases. This study was first designed to investigate the potential role of dietary ALA on cognitive function and neuroinflammation in mice with SCZ. METHODS In vivo, after 2 weeks of modeling, mice were treated with dietary ALA treatment for 6 weeks. In vitro, inflammation model was created using lipopolysaccharide as an inducer in BV2 microglial cells. RESULTS Our results demonstrated that ALA alleviated cognitive impairment and enhanced synaptic plasticity in mice with SCZ. Moreover, ALA mitigated systematic and cerebral inflammation through elevating IL-10 and inhibiting IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18 and TNF-α. Furthermore, ALA notably inhibited microglia and pro-inflammatory monocytes, as well as microglial activation andpolarization. Mechanistically, ALA up-regulated the expressions of G protein coupled receptor (GPR) 120 and associated β-inhibitor protein 2 (β-arrestin2), accompanied by observable weakened levels of transforming growth factor-β activated kinase 1 (TAK1), NF-κB p65, cysteine proteinase-1 (caspase-1), pro-caspase-1, associated speck-like protein (ASC) and NLRP3. In vitro, ALA directly restrained the inflammation of microglia by decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors and regulating microglial polarization via GPR120-NF-κB/NLRP3inflammasome signaling pathway, whereas AH7614 definitely eliminated this anti-inflammatory effect of ALA. CONCLUSION Dietary ALA ameliorates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by suppressing the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway via binding GPR120-β-arrestin2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Shudan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Wenke Shen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Jian Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Yiwei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Feng Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Ting Li
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaoxu Zhang
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Wenyan Tian
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Jiani Zhang
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Junbai Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Yamei Guo
- General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Mi
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Yuan Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Qikuan Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China; General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004 Ningxia, China.
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Wang J, Jiang M, Li X, Ye Y, Xie Y, Wu T, Chen Y, Yu H, Wu H, Yang Z, Zhou E. Inulin Supplementation Alleviates Ochratoxin A-Induced Kidney Injury through Modulating Intestinal Microbiota. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:18682-18696. [PMID: 39135376 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c04382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2024]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a prevalent mycotoxin found in feed that causes significant kidney injury in animals. Further investigation was needed to devise strategies for treating OTA-induced kidney damage through the gut-kidney axis. Evidence indicates the crucial role of intestinal microbiota in kidney damage development. Inulin, a dietary fiber, protects kidneys by modulating intestinal microbiota and promoting short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. However, its precise mechanism in OTA-induced kidney damage remained unclear. In this study, chickens were orally administered OTA and inulin for 2 weeks to investigate inulin's effects on OTA-induced kidney damage and underlying mechanisms. The alteration of intestinal microbiota, SCFAs contents, and SCFA receptors was further analyzed. Results demonstrated that inulin supplementation influenced intestinal microbiota, increased SCFAs production, and mitigated OTA-induced kidney damage in chickens. The importance of microbiota in mediating inulin's renal protection was further confirmed by antibiotic and fecal microbiota transplantation experiments. Additionally, inulin exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, alleviating NLRP3 inflammasome activation and pyroptosis. In summary, inulin protected chickens from OTA-induced kidney damage, which might provide a potential strategy to mitigate the harmful effects of mycotoxins through prebiotics and safeguard renal health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Wang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Mingzhen Jiang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Xuhai Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Yingrong Ye
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Yueqing Xie
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Ting Wu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Yichun Chen
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Hongsen Yu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Hanpeng Wu
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Zhengtao Yang
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
| | - Ershun Zhou
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528231, China
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Lang H, Yu H, Zhou M, Rao X, Zhang Q, Yi L, Zhu J, Mi M. The Contrasting Effects of Two Distinct Exercise Training Modalities on Exhaustive Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage in Mice May Be Associated with Alterations in the Gut Microbiota. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7837. [PMID: 39063080 PMCID: PMC11277320 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Exhaustive exercise is known to induce muscle damage characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress. Although "regular" and "weekend warrior" exercise regimens have been shown to confer comparable health benefits in human studies, such as reduced risks of all-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and cancer mortality, their differential impacts on muscle damage post-exhaustive exercise remain unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of long-term, moderate-intensity (LTMI) and short-term, high-intensity (STHI) training modalities, matched for total exercise volume, on gut microbiota, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and exhaustive exercise-induced muscle damage in mice, as well as to evaluate the correlation between these factors. LTMI is considered a regular exercise regimen, while STHI shares some similarities with the "weekend warrior" pattern, such as promoting exercise intensity and condensing training sessions into a short period. Our findings indicate that LTMI training significantly enhanced the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria, including Akkermansia, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, Odoribacter, Alistipes, and Lactobacillus, thereby increasing SCFA levels and attenuating muscle damage following exhaustive swimming. In contrast, STHI training increased the abundance of opportunistic pathogens such as Staphylococcus and Bilophila, without altering SCFA levels, and was associated with exacerbated muscle damage. Moreover, we observed a significant negative correlation between the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFA levels with the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the muscle of mice post-exhaustive exercise. Conversely, the abundance of Staphylococcus and Bilophila showed a notable positive correlation with these cytokines. Additionally, the effects of LTMI and STHI on exhaustive exercise-induced muscle damage were transmissible to untrained mice via fecal microbiota transplantation, suggesting that gut microbiota changes induced by these training modalities may contribute to their contrasting impacts on muscle damage. These results underscore the significance of selecting an appropriate training modality prior to engaging in exhaustive exercise, with implications for athletic training and injury prevention.
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Li Z, Zhang Z, Ding J, Li Y, Cao G, Zhu L, Bian Y, Liu Y. Extraction, structure and bioactivities of polysaccharide from root of Arctium lappa L.: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 265:131035. [PMID: 38518934 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Arctium lappa L. root is a well-known Chinese medicine with high medicinal and food values. Arctium lappa L. root polysaccharide (ALP), as the main component and bioactive substance, has a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, antithrombotic, immunomodulatory activity and improvement of intestinal flora. The biological activities of polysaccharides are closely related to their structures, and different extraction and purification methods will yield different polysaccharide structures. As a kind of natural polysaccharide, ALP has a broad application prospect in drug carrier. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress on the extraction, purification, structural characterization, biological activities, structure-activity relationship and drug carrier application of ALP, in order to provide basic reference for the development and application of medical and health care value. At the same time, the shortcomings of ALP research are discussed in depth, and the potential development prospect and future research direction are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Jie Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Guiyun Cao
- Shandong Hongjitang Pharmaceutical Group Company, Ltd, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Lihao Zhu
- Sishui Siheyuan Culture and Tourism Development Company, Ltd., Sishui 273200, China
| | - Yifei Bian
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Sishui Siheyuan Culture and Tourism Development Company, Ltd., Sishui 273200, China.
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Yang P, Huang S, Luo Z, Zhou S, Zhang C, Zhu Y, Yang J, Li L. Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract attenuates MK801-induced schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: Participation of intestinal flora. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116267. [PMID: 38364739 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a psychotic mental disorder characterized by cognitive, behavioral, and social impairments. However, current pharmacological treatment regimens are subpar in terms of effectiveness. This study aimed to investigate the function of Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract in SCZ in mouse models. The SCZ mouse model was established by MK-801 injection and feeding of Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract or combined antibiotics. Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract significantly improved the aberrant behaviors and neuronal damage in SCZ mice, upregulated SYP and PSD-95 expression and BDNF levels in hippocampal homogenates, down-regulated DA and 5-HT levels, and suppressed microglial activation in SCZ mice. Moreover, Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract improved the integrity of the intestinal tract barrier. The 16 S rRNA sequencing of feces showed that Radix Bupleuri extract modulated the composition of gut flora. Lactobacillus abundance was decreased in SCZ mice and reversed by Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract administration which exhibited a significant negative correlation with IL-6, IL-1β, DA, and 5-HT, and a significant positive correlation with BDNF levels in hippocampal tissues. The abundance of Parabacteroides and Alloprevotella was increased in SCZ mice. It was reversed by Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract administration, which exhibited a positive correlation with IL-6, IL-1β, and 5-HT and a negative correlation with BDNF. In conclusion, Radix Bupleuri aqueous extract attenuates the inflammatory response in hippocampal tissues and modulates neurotransmitter levels, exerting its neuroprotective effect in SCZ. Meanwhile, the alteration of intestinal flora may be involved in this process, which is expected to be an underlying therapeutic option in treating SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Sheng Huang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China; Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd., Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China
| | - Zhihong Luo
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China
| | - Shaoming Zhou
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China
| | - Changjuan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, Biomedical Informatics & Genomics Center, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jingjing Yang
- Community Health Service Center of Dongtang Street, Yuhua District, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Hunan Brain Hospital, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China; Provincial Key Laboratory of TCM Diagnostics, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, PR China.
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Kong H, Xu T, Wang S, Zhang Z, Li M, Qu S, Li Q, Gao P, Cong Z. The molecular mechanism of polysaccharides in combating major depressive disorder: A comprehensive review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129067. [PMID: 38163510 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a complex psychiatric condition with diverse etiological factors. Typical pathological features include decreased cerebral cortex, subcortical structures, and grey matter volumes, as well as monoamine transmitter dysregulation. Although medications exist to treat MDD, unmet needs persist due to limited efficacy, induced side effects, and relapse upon drug withdrawal. Polysaccharides offer promising new therapies for MDD, demonstrating antidepressant effects with minimal side effects and multiple targets. These include neurotransmitter, neurotrophin, neuroinflammation, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and intestinal flora regulation. This review explores the latest advancements in understanding the pharmacological actions and mechanisms of polysaccharides in treating major depression. We discuss the impact of polysaccharides' diverse structures and properties on their pharmacological actions, aiming to inspire new research directions and facilitate the discovery of novel anti-depressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Tianren Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shengguang Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Suyan Qu
- Tai 'an Taishan District People's Hospital, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Institute of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Zhufeng Cong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, China.
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Shao R, Tan X, Pan M, Huang J, Huang L, Bi B, Huang X, Wang J, Li X. Inulin alters gut microbiota to alleviate post-stroke depressive-like behavior associated with the IGF-1-mediated MAPK signaling pathway. Brain Behav 2024; 14:e3387. [PMID: 38376033 PMCID: PMC10794126 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.3387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a key factor of the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression (PSD). PSD is associated with increased hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and decreased synaptic connectivity. Inulin can be involved in hippocampal neuron protection through the microbiome-gut-brain axis. However, the neuroprotective effects of inulin in PSD are still to be further investigated. METHODS By utilizing the GEO public database, we identify differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus following inulin intake. This can help us discover key signaling pathways through functional enrichment analysis. Furthermore, we validate the expression levels of signaling molecules in a rat model of PSD and examine the effects of inulin on behavioral changes and body weight. Additionally, conducting a microbiome analysis to identify significantly different microbial populations and perform correlation analysis. RESULTS The intake of inulin significantly up-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway in the hippocampus. Inulin changed in the gut microbiota structure, leading to an increase in the abundance of Lactobacillus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 in the intestines of PSD rats, while decreasing the abundance of Ruminococcus UCG_005, Prevotella_9, Oscillospiraceae, and Clostridia UCG_014. Furthermore, the inulin diet elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 in the serum, which showed a positive correlation with the abundance of Lactobacillus. Notably, the consumption of inulin-enriched diet increased activity levels and preference for sugar water in PSD rats, while also reducing body weight. CONCLUSION These findings highlight the potential therapeutic benefits of inulin in the management of depression and emphasize the importance of maintaining a healthy gut microbiota for PSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Shao
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Xiongchang Tan
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Minfu Pan
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Jiawen Huang
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Liu Huang
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Binyu Bi
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Xiaohua Huang
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
| | - Xuebin Li
- School of Clinical MedicineYoujiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
- Department of NeurologyThe Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for NationalitiesBaiseGuangxiChina
- Biological Molecule LaboratoryGuangxi University Key Laboratory of High Incidence Prevention and Control Research in Western GuangxiBaiseGuangxiChina
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Shi E, Nie M, Wang X, Jing H, Feng L, Xu Y, Zhang Z, Zhang G, Li D, Dai Z. Polysaccharides affect the utilization of β-carotene through gut microbiota investigated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113592. [PMID: 37986456 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of six polysaccharides on the utilization of β-carotene from the perspective of gut microbiota using both in vitro simulated anaerobic fermentation systems and in vivo animal experiments. In the in vitro experiments, the addition of arabinoxylan, arabinogalactan, mannan, inulin, chitosan, and glucan led to a 31.07-79.12% decrease in β-carotene retention and a significant increase in retinol content (0.21-0.99-fold) compared to β-carotene alone. Among them, the addition of chitosan produced the highest level of retinol. In the in vivo experiments, mice treated with the six polysaccharides exhibited a significant increase (2.51-5.78-fold) in serum β-carotene content compared to the group treated with β-carotene alone. The accumulation of retinoids in the serum, liver, and small intestine increased by 13.56-21.61%, 12.64-56.27%, and 7.9%-71.69%, respectively. The expression of β-carotene cleavage enzymes was increased in the liver. Genetic analysis of small intestinal tissue revealed no significant enhancement in the expression of genes related to β-carotene metabolism. In the gut microbiota environment, the addition of polysaccharides generated more SCFAs and altered the structure and composition of the gut microbiota. The correlation analysis revealed a strong association between gut microbes (Ruminococcaceae and Odoribacteraceae) and β-carotene metabolism and absorption. Collectively, our findings suggest that the addition of polysaccharides may improve β-carotene utilization by modulating the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enjuan Shi
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Meimei Nie
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huili Jing
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Lei Feng
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Yayuan Xu
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Zhongyuan Zhang
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guodong Zhang
- Jiangsu Aland Nutrition Co., Ltd., Taizhou 214500, China
| | - Dajing Li
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhuqing Dai
- Institute of Agro-product Processing, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Guo R, Pang J, Zhao J, Xiao X, Li J, Li J, Wang W, Zhou S, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Chen H, Yuan T, Wu S, Liu Z. Unveiling the neuroprotective potential of dietary polysaccharides: a systematic review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1299117. [PMID: 38075226 PMCID: PMC10702503 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1299117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders present a growing and costly global health challenge, accounting for over 11% of the diseases burden in high-income countries. Despite current treatments, patients often experience persistent symptoms that significantly affect their quality of life. Dietary polysaccharides have garnered attention for their potential as interventions for CNS disorders due to their diverse mechanisms of action, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective effects. Through an analysis of research articles published between January 5, 2013 and August 30, 2023, encompassing the intervention effects of dietary polysaccharides on Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, depression, anxiety disorders, autism spectrum disorder, epilepsy, and stroke, we have conducted a comprehensive review with the aim of elucidating the role and mechanisms of dietary polysaccharides in various CNS diseases, spanning neurodegenerative, psychiatric, neurodevelopmental disorders, and neurological dysfunctions. At least four categories of mechanistic bases are included in the dietary polysaccharides' intervention against CNS disease, which involves oxidative stress reduction, neuronal production, metabolic regulation, and gut barrier integrity. Notably, the ability of dietary polysaccharides to resist oxidation and modulate gut microbiota not only helps to curb the development of these diseases at an early stage, but also holds promise for the development of novel therapeutic agents for CNS diseases. In conclusion, this comprehensive review strives to advance therapeutic strategies for CNS disorders by elucidating the potential of dietary polysaccharides and advocating interdisciplinary collaboration to propel further research in this realm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Jingxi Pang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junhe Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingmeng Li
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wenxiu Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuang Zhou
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hongwang Chen
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tian Yuan
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Shan Wu
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Dairy, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
- Research and Development Center, Xi'an Yinqiao Dairy Technology Co., Ltd., Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Laboratory of Functional Chemistry and Nutrition of Food, College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Northwest A&F University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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10
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Li XW, Qiu F, Liu Y, Chen LJ, Li JH, Liu JL, Yang JZ, Hsu C, Chen L, Zeng JH, Xie XL, Wang Q. Inulin alleviates neuroinflammation and oxidative stress induced by perinatal 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP) exposure in female mice and offspring. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 264:115396. [PMID: 37625336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs), including 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP), are prevalent in everyday life due to their broad usage in fields such as healthcare, electronics, industry, and sports. These compounds, added to polymers through physical mixing, can leach into the environment, posing a risk to humans through direct contact or the food chain. Despite known associations with health issues like endocrine disruption, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity, the implications of perinatal EHDPHP exposure on both mothers and offspring are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the neuroinflammatory effects of EHDPHP and the potential mitigating role of inulin. Pregnant C57 mice were administered either a corn oil control or an EHDPHP solution (300 μg/kg bw/d) from gestation day 7 (GD7) to postnatal day 21 (PND21). Concurrently, mice were provided either regular drinking water or water supplemented with 1% inulin. We found that EHDPHP significantly increased the serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and MDA, but decreased SOD levels in both mothers and pups. These effects were reversed by inulin supplementation. RNA-sequencing revealed that EHDPHP induced inflammation and oxidative stress through the TLR4/NF-κB pathway, which was mitigated by inulin. In conclusion, inulin ameliorated EHDPHP-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in both mothers and offspring, highlighting its potential therapeutic role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Wen Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528244, China.
| | - Yi Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Li-Jian Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jia-Hao Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jian-Zheng Yang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Clare Hsu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Long Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Jia-Hao Zeng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
| | - Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University (Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research), Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
| | - Qi Wang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China.
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11
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Sheng W, Ji G, Zhang L. Immunomodulatory effects of inulin and its intestinal metabolites. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1224092. [PMID: 37638034 PMCID: PMC10449545 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1224092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
"Dietary fiber" (DF) refers to a type of carbohydrate that cannot be digested fully. DF is not an essential nutrient, but it plays an important part in enhancing digestive capacity and maintaining intestinal health. Therefore, DF supplementation in the daily diet is highly recommended. Inulin is a soluble DF, and commonly added to foods. Recently, several studies have found that dietary supplementation of inulin can improve metabolic function and regulate intestinal immunity. Inulin is fermented in the colon by the gut microbiota and a series of metabolites is generated. Among these metabolites, short-chain fatty acids provide energy to intestinal epithelial cells and participate in regulating the differentiation of immune cells. Inulin and its intestinal metabolites contribute to host immunity. This review summarizes the effect of inulin and its metabolites on intestinal immunity, and the underlying mechanisms of inulin in preventing diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, and certain cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Zhang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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12
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Wei T, Tan D, Zhong S, Zhang H, Deng Z, Li J. 1-Oleate-2-palmitate-3-linoleate glycerol improves lipid metabolism and gut microbiota and decreases the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Food Funct 2023. [PMID: 37334498 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00723e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Numerous studies have shown that 1-oleate-2-palmitate-3-linoleate (OPL) is the most abundant TAG in Chinese human milk, which is significantly different from human milk in other countries, where 1,3-oleate-2-palmitate (OPO) is the most abundant TAG. However, there have been few studies revealing the nutritional outcomes of OPL. Hence, the present study investigated the effects of an OPL supplementation diet on mice's nutritional outcomes, including liver lipid parameters, inflammation, lipidomes in the liver and serum, and the gut bacterial community. A high OPL (HOPL) diet decreased body weight, weight gain, liver TG, TC and LDL-C, and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in mice relative to low OPL (LOPL) diet. Lipidomics results showed that HOPL feeding elevated the level of anti-inflammatory lipids, such as very long-chain Cer, LPC, PC and ether TG in the liver, and serum PC, and reduced the level of oxidized lipids (liver OxTG, HexCer 18:1;2O/22:0) and serum TG. In the gut, intestinal probiotics, including Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella and Parasutterrlla, were enriched in the HOPL-fed group. Meanwhile, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis results showed that the HOPL diet up-regulated energy metabolism and the immune system. Correlation analysis further showed that there was a relationship among the gut bacteria, lipidome profile, and nutritional outcomes. Altogether, these results indicated that an OPL-supplemented diet improved lipid metabolism and gut bacteria, reducing the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
| | - Dengfeng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
| | - Shengyue Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
| | - Hong Zhang
- Wilmar (Shanghai) Biotechnology Research &Development Center Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200137, China
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330047, China.
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13
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Szala-Rycaj J, Szewczyk A, Zagaja M, Kaczmarczyk-Ziemba A, Maj M, Andres-Mach M. The Influence of Topinambur and Inulin Preventive Supplementation on Microbiota, Anxious Behavior, Cognitive Functions and Neurogenesis in Mice Exposed to the Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress. Nutrients 2023; 15:2041. [PMID: 37432210 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily living and functioning under stress can lead to mental health problems such as anxiety or depression. Over the past decades, a number of studies have been conducted to determine the relationship between the central nervous system (CNS), intestinal flora and bidirectional communication along the gut brain axis (GBA) in the maintaining of homeostasis. One of the most important factors regulating GBA functioning in exposure to stress may be a proper diet enriched in the supplementation with pre-, pro-and synbiotics. In the present study, we examined whether a 10-week oral preventive supplementation with natural prebiotics: topinambur powder (TPB) and chicory root inulin (INU) influenced an anxiety, depressive behavior and cognition in mice exposed to the chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Additionally, a fluoxetine (FLU) has been used as a reference antidepressive drug. Furthermore, we assessed the effect of TPB, INU and FLU administration on neurogenesis in mice exposed to CUMS and finally analyzed fecal microbiota for possible changes after TPB and INU supplementation in CUMS induced mice. Results obtained from the behavioral studies (elevated plaze maze, forced swim and Morris water maze test) indicated, that 10 week supplementation with TPB (250 mg/kg) and INU (66 mg/kg), similarly to FLU (12 mg/kg), significantly mitigated an anxiety and stress as well as protected learning and memory functions in the CUMS induced mice compared to the control stressed group. Additionally, TPB and INU CUMS mice showed significantly higher level of neurogenesis in comparison to control CUMS group. Interestingly, results obtained from the fecal microbiota analysis showed a beneficial effect of TPB and INU supplementation against CUMS-induced intestinal dysbiosis in mice. In conclusion, the obtained results showed that a long-term, preventive supplementation with TPB or INU alleviates the negative effects such as anxiety, cognitive disorders or dysbiosis in mice exposed to chronic unpredictable stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szala-Rycaj
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szewczyk
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Mirosław Zagaja
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczmarczyk-Ziemba
- Department of Evolutionary Genetics and Biosystematics, Faculty of Biology, University of Gdansk, WitaStwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Maj
- Department of Biopharmacy, Medical University of Lublin, Chodzki 4A, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Andres-Mach
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
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14
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Ai YW, Du Y, Chen L, Liu SH, Liu QS, Cheng Y. Brain Inflammatory Marker Abnormalities in Major Psychiatric Diseases: a Systematic Review of Postmortem Brain Studies. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:2116-2134. [PMID: 36600081 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03199-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD), and major depressive disorder (MDD) are common neuropsychiatric disorders that lead to neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis. It is possible to further explore the connection between inflammation in the brain and SCZ, BD, and MDD. Therefore, we systematically reviewed PubMed and Web of Science on brain inflammatory markers measured in SCZ, BD, and MDD postmortem brains. Out of 2166 studies yielded by the search, 46 studies met the inclusion criteria in SCZ, BD, and MDD postmortem brains. The results were variable across inflammatory markers. For example, 26 studies were included to measure the differential expression between SCZ and control subjects. Similarly, seven of the included studies measured the differential expression of inflammatory markers in patients with BD. The heterogeneity from the included studies is not clear at present, which may be caused by several factors, including the measured brain region, disease stage, brain source, medication, and other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Wen Ai
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Du
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Han Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China
| | - Qing-Shan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China.
| | - Yong Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Center on Translational Neuroscience, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China. .,Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Haidian District, 27 Zhongguancun South St, 100081, Beijing, China.
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15
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Wei H, Yu C, Zhang C, Ren Y, Guo L, Wang T, Chen F, Li Y, Zhang X, Wang H, Liu J. Butyrate ameliorates chronic alcoholic central nervous damage by suppressing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and modulating the microbiome-gut-brain axis. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114308. [PMID: 36709599 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol abuse triggers neuroinflammation, leading to neuronal damage and further memory and cognitive impairment. Few satisfactory advances have been made in the management of alcoholic central nervous impairment. Therefore, novel and more practical treatment options are urgently needed. Butyrate, a crucial metabolite of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), has been increasingly demonstrated to protect against numerous metabolic diseases. However, the impact of butyrate on chronic alcohol consumption-induced central nervous system (CNS) lesions remains unknown. METHODS In this study, we assessed the possible effects and underlying mechanisms of butyrate on the attenuation of alcohol-induced CNS injury in mice. Firstly, sixty female C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: pair-fed (PF) group (PF/CON), alcohol-fed (AF) group (AF/CON), PF with sodium butyrate (NaB) group (PF/NaB) and AF with NaB group (AF/NaB). Each group was fed a modified Lieber-DeCarli liquid diet with or without alcohol. After six weeks of feeding, the mice were euthanized and the associated indicators were investigated. RESULTS As indicated by the behavioral tests and brain morphology, dietary NaB administration significantly ameliorated aberrant behaviors, including locomotor hypoactivity, anxiety disorder, depressive behavior, impaired learning, spatial recognition memory, and effectively reduced chronic alcoholic central nervous system damage. To further understand the underlying mechanisms, microglia-mediated inflammation and the associated M1/M2 polarization were measured separately. Firstly, pro-inflammatory TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in brain and peripheral blood circulation were decreased, but IL-10 were increased in the AF/NaB group compared with the AF/CON group. Consistently, the abnormal proportions of activated and resting microglial cells in the hippocampus and cortex regions after excessive alcohol consumption were significantly reduced with NaB treatment. Moreover, the rectification of microglia polarization (M1/M2) imbalance was found after NaB administration via binding GPR109A, up-regulating the expression of PPAR-γ and down-regulating TLR4/NF-κB activation. In addition to the direct suppression of neuroinflammation, intriguingly, dietary NaB intervention remarkably increased the levels of intestinal tight junction protein occludin and gut morphological barrier, attenuated the levels of serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and dysbiosis of gut microbiota, suggesting that NaB supplementation effectively improved the integrity and permeability of gut microecology. Finally, the neurotransmitters including differential Tryptophan (Trp) and Kynurenine (Kyn) were found with dietary NaB administration, which showed significantly altered and closely correlated with the gut microbiota composition, demonstrating the complex interactions in the microbiome-gut-brain axis involved in the efficacy of dietary NaB therapy for alcoholic CNS lesions. CONCLUSION Dietary microbial metabolite butyrate supplementation ameliorates chronic alcoholic central nervous damage and improves related memory and cognitive functions through suppressing microglia-mediated neuroinflammation by GPR109A/PPAR-γ/TLR4-NF-κB signaling pathway and modulating microbiota-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Wei
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Chunyang Yu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Chun Zhang
- Ningxia Key Laboratory of Cerebrocranial Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yi Ren
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Li Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Feifei Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yiwei Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
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16
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The Role of Diet as a Modulator of the Inflammatory Process in the Neurological Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15061436. [PMID: 36986165 PMCID: PMC10057655 DOI: 10.3390/nu15061436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurological diseases are recognized as major causes of disability and mortality worldwide. Due to the dynamic progress of diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s Disease (PD), Schizophrenia, Depression, and Multiple Sclerosis (MD), scientists are mobilized to look for new and more effective methods of interventions. A growing body of evidence suggests that inflammatory processes and an imbalance in the composition and function of the gut microbiome, which play a critical role in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases and dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean diet the DASH diet, or the ketogenic diet can have beneficial effects on their course. The aim of this review was to take a closer look at the role of diet and its ingredients in modulating inflammation associated with the development and/or progression of central nervous system diseases. Presented data shows that consuming a diet abundant in fruits, vegetables, nuts, herbs, spices, and legumes that are sources of anti-inflammatory elements such as omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins, essential minerals, and probiotics while avoiding foods that promote inflammation, create a positive brain environment and is associated with a reduced risk of neurological diseases. Personalized nutritional interventions may constitute a non-invasive and effective strategy in combating neurological disorders.
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17
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Qin YQ, Wang LY, Yang XY, Xu YJ, Fan G, Fan YG, Ren JN, An Q, Li X. Inulin: properties and health benefits. Food Funct 2023; 14:2948-2968. [PMID: 36876591 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo01096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Inulin, a soluble dietary fiber, is widely found in more than 36 000 plant species as a reserve polysaccharide. The primary sources of inulin, include Jerusalem artichoke, chicory, onion, garlic, barley, and dahlia, among which Jerusalem artichoke tubers and chicory roots are often used as raw materials for inulin production in the food industry. It is universally acknowledged that inulin as a prebiotic has an outstanding effect on the regulation of intestinal microbiota via stimulating the growth of beneficial bacteria. In addition, inulin also exhibits excellent health benefits in regulating lipid metabolism, weight loss, lowering blood sugar, inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors, reducing the risk of colon cancer, enhancing mineral absorption, improving constipation, and relieving depression. In this review paper, we attempt to present an exhaustive overview of the function and health benefits of inulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Qin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Liu-Yan Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xin-Yu Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yi-Jie Xu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Gang Fan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yan-Ge Fan
- Institute of Chemistry Co. Ltd, Henan Academy of Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Jing-Nan Ren
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Qi An
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology of Ministry of Education, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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18
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Chen P, Li X, Yu Y, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Li C, Li J, Li K. Administration Time and Dietary Patterns Modified the Effect of Inulin on CUMS-Induced Anxiety and Depression. Mol Nutr Food Res 2023; 67:e2200566. [PMID: 36811233 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202200566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Prebiotics exert anxiolytic and antidepressant effects through the microbiota-gut-brain axis in animal models. However, the influence of prebiotic administration time and dietary pattern on stress-induced anxiety and depression is unclear. In this study, whether administration time can modify the effect of inulin on mental disorders within normal and high-fat diets are investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS Mice subjected to chronic unpredicted mild stress (CUMS) are administered with inulin in the morning (7:30-8:00 am) or evening (7:30-8:00 pm) for 12 weeks. Behavior, intestinal microbiome, cecal short-chain fatty acids, neuroinflammatory responses, and neurotransmitters are measured. A high-fat diet aggravated neuroinflammation and is more likely to induce anxiety and depression-like behavior (p < 0.05). Morning inulin treatment improves the exploratory behavior and sucrose preference better (p < 0.05). Both inulin treatments decrease the neuroinflammatory response (p < 0.05), with a more evident trend for the evening administration. Furthermore, morning administration tends to affect the brain-derived neurotrophic factor and neurotransmitters. CONCLUSION Administration time and dietary patterns seem to modify the effect of inulin on anxiety and depression. These results provide a basis for assessing the interaction of administration time and dietary patterns, providing guidance for the precise regulation of dietary prebiotics in neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ying Yu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiaming Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chunmei Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kaikai Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.,Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Food Science, Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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19
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Yi W, Ji Y, Gao H, Luo S, Pan R, Song J, He Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Yan S, Liang Y, Sun X, Jin X, Mei L, Cheng J, Su H. Effects of urban particulate matter on gut microbiome and partial schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice: Evidence from shotgun metagenomic and metabolomic profiling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159305. [PMID: 36216056 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological evidence reported that particulate matter (PM) was associated with increased schizophrenia (SCZ) risk. Disturbance of gut microbiome was involved in SCZ. However, it remains unclear whether PM induces SCZ-like symptoms and how gut microbiome regulates them. Therefore, a multi-omics animal experiment was conducted to verify how urban PM induces SCZ-like behavior and altered gut microbiota and metabolic pathways. METHODS Using a completely random design, mice were divided into three groups: PM group, control group and MK801 group, which received daily tracheal instillation of PM solution, sterile PBS solution and intraperitoneal injection of MK801 (establish SCZ model), respectively. After a 14-day intervention, feces were collected for multi-omics testing (shotgun metagenomic sequencing and untargeted metabolomic profiling), followed by open field test, tail suspension test, and passive avoidance test. Besides, fecal microbiome of PM group and control group were transplanted into "pseudo-sterile" mice, then behavioral tests were conducted. RESULTS Similar to MK801 group, mice in PM group showed SCZ-like symptoms, including increased spontaneous activity, excitability, anxiety and decreased learning and spatial memory. PM exposure significantly increased the relative abundance of Verrucomicrobia and decreased that of Fibrobacteres et al. The metabolism pathways of estrogen signaling (estriol, 16-glucuronide-estriol and 21-desoxycortisol) and choline metabolism (phosphocholine) were significantly altered by PM exposure. Verrucomicrobia was negatively correlated with the level of estriol, which was correlated with decreased learning and spatial memory. Fibrobacteres and Deinococcus-Thermus were positively correlated with the level of phosphocholine, which was correlated with increased spontaneous activity, excitability and anxiety. Fecal microbiome transplantation from PM group mice reproduced excitability and anxiety symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PM may affect composition of gut microbiome and alterations of estrogen signaling pathway and choline metabolism pathway, which were associated with partial SCZ-like behaviors. But whether gut microbiome regulates these metabolic pathways and behaviors remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yifu Ji
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shengyong Luo
- Anhui Academy of Medical Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yangyang He
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yuxuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yudong Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Yunfeng Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoni Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Lu Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China; Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, China.
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Zhang W, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Yao W, Qian H. Neuroprotective effects of polysaccharide from Sparassis crispa on Alzheimer's disease-like mice: Involvement of microbiota-gut-brain axis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:974-986. [PMID: 36402384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease that may cause neurotoxicity and imbalance in gut microbiota. A polysaccharide derived from Sparassis crispa-1 (SCP-1) acts as a neuroprotective agent in vitro. There is, however, no clarity on the mechanism responsible for SCP-1's neuroprotective effects against AD. In this study, C57BL/6J male mice were treated with D-galactose and AlCl3 to establish an animal model of AD, followed by treatment with SCP-1. As evidenced by behavioral tests and brain pathology, SCP-1 treatment ameliorated learning deficits and defective spatial recognition, reduced amyloidogenesis, and modulated the neurotransmitter levels (γ-aminobutyric acid, glutamate, and acetylcholine) in the brain of AD mice. The results of 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that SCP-1 reshaped the gut microbiota composition, especially by promoting the proliferation of butyrate-producing genera, such as Intestinaimonas, [Eubacterium] ventriosum group, Lachnospiraceae_UCG_010, and Lachnospiraceae_UCG_001, and suppressing the growth of inflammation-related bacteria (i.e., Escherichia/Shigella). Furthermore, SCP-1 significantly attenuated inflammation by reducing the levels of inflammatory cytokines, maintaining intestinal barrier function, inhibiting glial activation, and decreasing the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). Collectively, our findings suggest that SCP-1 may prevent the development of AD via modulation of gut microbiota and suppression of inflammation, for a potential application in preventing or managing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Weirong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Avenue, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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21
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Guo Y, Chen X, Gong P, Li Z, Wu Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Yao W, Yang W, Chen F. Advances in the mechanisms of polysaccharides in alleviating depression and its complications. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154566. [PMID: 36610126 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is one of the most serious mental illnesses worldwide that endangers the health of people. The pathogenesis of depression is complex and is associated with abnormal neurotransmitter levels, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, inflammation, and gut flora-related disorders. However, most of the current pharmacological therapies used to manage depression are inconsistent and are associated with side effects. Owing to their low toxicity and wide availability in nature, polysaccharides are gradually attracting attention and are being discovered to exert direct or indirect antidepressant effects. PURPOSE In this review, we have summarized the classification, dosage, and experimental models to study polysaccharides with antidepressant effects obtained from different sources. We have also reviewed the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of these polysaccharides in depression by modulating inflammation, the HPA axis, and intestinal flora. METHODS We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Google scholar databases and included studies that reported the use of polysaccharides in treating depression. RESULTS The unique benefits of natural polysaccharides as antidepressants lie in their potential to modulate inflammation, regulate the HPA axis, and regulate intestinal flora, giving full play to their antidepressant effects via multiple pathways and targets. CONCLUSION Natural polysaccharides may be a promising resource for use as adjuvant antidepressant therapy. Our study might therefore provide evidence for the development of polysaccharide resources as antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Xuefeng Chen
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China.
| | - Zixuan Li
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Medicine & Disease Susceptibility, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jiating Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenbo Yao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China
| | - Fuxin Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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Usman M, Sarwar Y, Abbasi R, Ishaq HM, Iftikhar M, Hussain I, Demirdogen RE, Ihsan A. Nanogold morphologies with the same surface chemistry provoke a different innate immune response: An in-vitro and in-vivo study. NANOIMPACT 2022; 28:100419. [PMID: 36038134 DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2022.100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanomaterials (GNMs) have unique optical properties with less antigenicity, and their physicochemical properties have strong relation with an immunological response at bio-interface including antigenicity. An interpretation of this correlation would significantly impact on the clinical and theranostic applications of GNMs. Herein, we studied the effect of GNMs morphology on the cytotoxicity (in-vitro), innate immune responses, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity (in-vivo studies) using gold nano-cups (GNCs), porous gold nanospheres (PGNSs) and solid gold nano particles (SGNPs) coated with the same ligand to ensure similar surface chemistry. The cytotoxicity was assessed via sulfo-rhodamine B (SRB) assay, and the cytotoxicity data showed that morphological features at nanoscale dimensions like surface roughness and hollowness etc. have a significant impact on cellular viability. The biochemical and histopathological study of liver and kidney tissues also showed that all GNMs did not show any toxicity even at high concentration (100 μL). The relative quantification of cytokine gene expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, 1L-6, and 1L-17 (against each morphology) was checked after in-vivo activation in mice. Among the different nanogold morphologies, PVP stabilized GNCs (PVP-GNCs) showed the highest release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which might be due to their high surface energy and large surface area for exposure as compared to other nanogold morphologies studied. The pro-inflammatory cytokine release could be suppressed by coating with some anti-inflammatory polymer, i.e., inulin. The in-vitro results of pro-inflammatory (TNF-α, IL-1) cytokines also suggested that all GNMs may induce activation of macrophages and Th1 immune response. The in-vivo activation results showed a decrease in mRNA expression of the cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-4, 1L-6 and 1L-17). Based on these findings, we proposed that the shape and morphology of GNMs control their immune response at nano-bio interface, and it must be considered while designing their role for different biomedical applications like immuno-stimulation and bio-imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Usman
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan; Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Yasra Sarwar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Rashda Abbasi
- Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering, G-9/1, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan 66000, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Iftikhar
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering (SBA-SSE), Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), Lahore 54792, Pakistan
| | - Ruken Esra Demirdogen
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı 18100, Turkey
| | - Ayesha Ihsan
- National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (NIBGE-C, PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Punjab, Pakistan.
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23
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Huang Y, Li P, Li Z, Zhu D, Fan Y, Wang X, Zhao C, Jiao J, Du X, Wang S. Red yeast rice dietary intervention reduces oxidative stress-related inflammation and improves intestinal microbiota. Food Funct 2022; 13:6583-6595. [PMID: 35621018 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03776e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation and oxidative stress play key roles in the aging process, while red yeast rice (RYR), a traditional Chinese fermented food, has anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To understand the anti-aging function of RYR in vivo, this study established a D-galactose-induced aging mouse model to verify the positive effects of RYR dietary intervention on aging and explore the related underlying mechanism. Eight weeks of RYR dietary intervention was shown to have a significant inhibitory effect on cognitive decline and hippocampal damage. The molecular mechanistic studies showed that the anti-aging effects of RYR were achieved by (i) improving the oxidative stress-related damage (increasing SOD, CAT, and GSH, and reducing MDA), (ii) regulating the NF-κB inflammation pathway induced by oxidative stress (decreasing the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IFN-γ, iNOs, and IL-1β, increasing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, and decreasing the expression of the NF-κB protein), (iii) slowing down apoptosis caused by oxidative stress (reducing the expression of P21 and P53), (iv) restoring the abundance of Lactobacillus, Lachnospiraceae and Rikenellaceae downregulated by D-galactose, and (v) reducing the abundance of Akkermansia and Helicobacter enriched by D-galactose. Mass spectrometry revealed orange pigments (rubropunctatin and monascorubrin) as the main antioxidant components in RYR, which might play key roles in aging inhibition. This study provides theoretical support for the wide application of orange pigments as an antioxidant dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Zhengang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Dongdong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Yufei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xiaoyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Chumin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Jingbo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Xinjun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China. .,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Wang Y, Nan X, Zhao Y, Jiang L, Wang H, Zhang F, Hua D, Liu J, Yang L, Yao J, Xiong B. Changes in the Profile of Fecal Microbiota and Metabolites as Well as Serum Metabolites and Proteome After Dietary Inulin Supplementation in Dairy Cows With Subclinical Mastitis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:809139. [PMID: 35479637 PMCID: PMC9037088 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.809139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence and development of mastitis is linked to dysbiostic gastrointestinal microbiota. Inulin is a dietary prebiotic that improves the profile of intestinal flora. Our previous study showed that inulin supplementation could improve the ruminal microbes of subclinical mastitis (SCM) cows. The current study attempted to further investigate the response of hindgut (fecal) microbiome and metabolites, serum metabolism, and protein expression to inulin in the in SCM cows. Different levels of inulin (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/day per cow) were supplemented in SCM cows. Compared with control group, Bacteroides and Bifidobacteria were increased, and Paeniclostridium, Ruminococcaceae, Coprococcus, and Clostridia were decreased in the feces of inulin groups, and accompanied with elevated propionate and butyrate concentrations, while secondary bile acid (SBA) metabolites were increased and proinflammatory lipid oxidation products were dropped in both feces and serum. In serum, inulin intake suppressed the levels of triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Serum proteome analysis found that CD44 antigen, phosphatidylinositol-glycan-specific phospholipase D, apolipoprotein A-II, and superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] were upregulated, while cathelicidin-1, haptoglobin, serpin A3, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 were downregulated in inulin groups. These findings suggested further evidence for inulin supplementation in amelioration of inflammatory symptoms in SCM cows, which might provide alternative treatment for mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuemei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dengke Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Langfang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Langfang, China
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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25
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Wang Y, Nan X, Zhao Y, Jiang L, Wang H, Zhang F, Hua D, Liu J, Yao J, Yang L, Xiong B. Consumption of Supplementary Inulin Modulates Milk Microbiota and Metabolites in Dairy Cows with Subclinical Mastitis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0205921. [PMID: 34936838 PMCID: PMC8942464 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02059-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The milk microbiota and mediated metabolites directly affect the health of the udder in dairy cows. Inulin, a dietary prebiotic, can modulate the profile of gastrointestinal microbiota. However, whether the inulin intake affects the milk microbial population and metabolites remains unknown. In this study, 40 subclinical mastitis (SCM) cows were randomly divided into 5 groups. Five inulin addition doses, 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/day per cow, based on the same basal diet, were supplemented. The experiments lasted for 8 weeks. The results showed lower relative abundance of mastitis-causing and proinflammation microbes in milk (i.e., Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia, etc.) and higher abundances of probiotics and commensal bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, etc., in the cows fed 300 g/day inulin compared to that in the control group. Meanwhile, the levels of arachidonic acid proinflammatory mediators (leukotriene E3, 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4, and 12-Oxo-c-LTB3) and phospholipid metabolites were reduced, and the levels of compounds with antibacterial and anti-inflammatory potential (prostaglandin A1, 8-iso-15-keto-prostaglandin E2 [PGE2], etc.) and participating energy metabolism (citric acid, l-carnitine, etc.) were elevated. These data suggested that inulin intake might modulate the microflora and metabolite level in extraintestinal tissue, such as mammary gland, which provided an alternative for the regulation and mitigation of SCM. IMPORTANCE The profile of the microbial community and metabolic activity in milk are the main determinants of udder health status and milk quality. Recent studies have demonstrated that diet could directly modulate the mammary gland microbiome. Inulin is a probiotic dietary fiber which can improve the microbiota population in the gastrointestinal tract. However, whether inulin intake can further regulate the profile of the microbiota and metabolic activities in milk remains unclear. In subclinical mastitic cows, we found that inulin supplementation could reduce the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, and Burkholderia-Caballeronia-Paraburkholderia and the levels of (±)12, 13-DiHOME, leukotriene E3 and 20-carboxy-leukotriene B4 etc., while it elevated the abundance of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Muribaculaceae, as well as the levels of prostaglandin A1 (PGA1), 8-iso-15-keto-PGE2, benzoic acid, etc. in milk. These data suggest that inulin intake affects the profile of microorganisms and metabolites in milk, which provides an alternative for the regulation of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xuemei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Dengke Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Langfang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Langfang, China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Shanmugam H, Ganguly S, Priya B. Plant food bioactives and its effects on gut microbiota profile modulation for better brain health and functioning in Autism Spectrum Disorder individuals: A review. FOOD FRONTIERS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/fft2.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Haripriya Shanmugam
- Department of Nano Science and Technology Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Coimbatore India
| | | | - Badma Priya
- Molecular Biophysics Unit Indian Institute of Science Bangalore India
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Chen Y, Xiao N, Chen Y, Chen X, Zhong C, Cheng Y, Du B, Li P. Semen Sojae Praeparatum alters depression-like behaviors in chronic unpredictable mild stress rats via intestinal microbiota. Food Res Int 2021; 150:110808. [PMID: 34863499 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2021.110808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A large number of Chinese medical books present that Semen Sojae Praeparatum, a fermented food, possesses antidepressant effect, but the mechanism of this antidepressant effect remains largely unknown. This study aimed to explore the effect of Semen Sojae Praeparatum on rats with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. The results showed that Semen Sojae Praeparatum improved depression-like behaviors (negative preference of sugar water and increased swimming immobility time and time spent in the dark zone) and effectively reduced cell morphological changes in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in CUMS rats. In addition, Semen Sojae Praeparatum significantly promoted the contents of norepinephrine (NE), 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the hippocampus and the content of BDNF in the serum (p < 0.05). 16S rRNA sequencing analysis results showed that Semen Sojae Praeparatum increased the abundance of genus Ruminococcaceae_UCG-008 and decreased those of genera Lactobacillus and Bacteroides. Genus Ruminococcaceae_UCG-008 was positively correlated with GABA and BDNF levels in the hippocampus; genus Lactobacillus had a positive correlation with 5-HT; and genus Bacteroides had negative correlations with 5-HT, BDNF, and NE. In addition, Semen Sojae Praeparatum considerably decreased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These results indicated that Semen Sojae Praeparatum fermented by Rhizopus chinensis 12 and Bacillus sp. DU-106 alleviated the neurotransmitter levels and structural changes in the neuronal morphology of the hippocampus associated with the modulation of gut microbiota and SCFAs. Therefore, this study confirmed that Semen Sojae Praeparatum could alter depression and provide a theoretical basis for the investigation of the relationship between the microbiota-gut-brain axis and antidepressant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanlan Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Nan Xiao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xinye Chen
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chunfei Zhong
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuying Cheng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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The role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105840. [PMID: 34450312 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 81.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence indicates that the gut microbiota play a crucial role in the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain suggesting that the gut microbes may shape neural development, modulate neurotransmission and affect behavior, and thereby contribute to the pathogenesis and/or progression of many neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurological conditions. This review summarizes recent data on the role of microbiota-gut-brain axis in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders including depression, anxiety, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, migraine, and epilepsy. Also, the involvement of microbiota in gut disorders co-existing with neuropsychiatric conditions is highlighted. We discuss data from both in vivo preclinical experiments and clinical reports including: (1) studies in germ-free animals, (2) studies exploring the gut microbiota composition in animal models of diseases or in humans, (3) studies evaluating the effects of probiotic, prebiotic or antibiotic treatment as well as (4) the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation.
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29
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Marazziti D, Buccianelli B, Palermo S, Parra E, Arone A, Beatino MF, Massa L, Carpita B, Barberi FM, Mucci F, Dell’Osso L. The Microbiota/Microbiome and the Gut-Brain Axis: How Much Do They Matter in Psychiatry? Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080760. [PMID: 34440503 PMCID: PMC8401073 DOI: 10.3390/life11080760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The functioning of the central nervous system (CNS) is the result of the constant integration of bidirectional messages between the brain and peripheral organs, together with their connections with the environment. Despite the anatomical separation, gut microbiota, i.e., the microorganisms colonising the gastrointestinal tract, is highly related to the CNS through the so-called "gut-brain axis". The aim of this paper was to review and comment on the current literature on the role of the intestinal microbiota and the gut-brain axis in some common neuropsychiatric conditions. The recent literature indicates that the gut microbiota may affect brain functions through endocrine and metabolic pathways, antibody production and the enteric network while supporting its possible role in the onset and maintenance of several neuropsychiatric disorders, neurodevelopment and neurodegenerative disorders. Alterations in the gut microbiota composition were observed in mood disorders and autism spectrum disorders and, apparently to a lesser extent, even in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and related conditions, as well as in schizophrenia. Therefore, gut microbiota might represent an interesting field of research for a better understanding of the pathophysiology of common neuropsychiatric disorders and possibly as a target for the development of innovative treatments that some authors have already labelled "psychobiotics".
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Affiliation(s)
- Donatella Marazziti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
- Unicamillus—Saint Camillus International University of Medical and Health Sciences, 00131 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Beatrice Buccianelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Stefania Palermo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Elisabetta Parra
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Alessandro Arone
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Maria Francesca Beatino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Lucia Massa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Barbara Carpita
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Filippo M. Barberi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Federico Mucci
- Dipartimento di Biochimica e Biologia Molecolare, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Liliana Dell’Osso
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Section of Psychiatry, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (B.B.); (S.P.); (E.P.); (A.A.); (M.F.B.); (L.M.); (B.C.); (F.M.B.); (L.D.)
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Shabbir U, Arshad MS, Sameen A, Oh DH. Crosstalk between Gut and Brain in Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies. Nutrients 2021; 13:690. [PMID: 33669988 PMCID: PMC7924846 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota (GM) represents a diverse and dynamic population of microorganisms and about 100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that dwell in the gastrointestinal tract. Studies suggest that the GM can influence the health of the host, and several factors can modify the GM composition, such as diet, drug intake, lifestyle, and geographical locations. Gut dysbiosis can affect brain immune homeostasis through the microbiota-gut-brain axis and can play a key role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases, including dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD). The relationship between gut dysbiosis and AD is still elusive, but emerging evidence suggests that it can enhance the secretion of lipopolysaccharides and amyloids that may disturb intestinal permeability and the blood-brain barrier. In addition, it can promote the hallmarks of AD, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, amyloid-beta formation, insulin resistance, and ultimately the causation of neural death. Poor dietary habits and aging, along with inflammatory responses due to dysbiosis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Thus, GM modulation through diet, probiotics, or fecal microbiota transplantation could represent potential therapeutics in AD. In this review, we discuss the role of GM dysbiosis in AD and potential therapeutic strategies to modulate GM in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Shabbir
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Muhammad Sajid Arshad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Aysha Sameen
- National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition and Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Deog-Hwan Oh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
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