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Zhou Z, Liu Y, Guo L, Wang T, Yan X, Wei S, Qiu D, Chen D, Zhang X, Ju H. Core-Shell Interface Engineering Strategies for Modulating Energy Transfer in Rare Earth-Doped Nanoparticles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:1326. [PMID: 39195364 DOI: 10.3390/nano14161326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Rare earth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are promising biomaterials with substantial potential in biomedical applications. Their multilayered core-shell structure design allows for more diverse uses, such as orthogonal excitation. However, the typical synthesis strategies-one-pot successive layer-by-layer (LBL) method and seed-assisted (SA) method-for creating multilayered RENPs show notable differences in spectral performance. To clarify this issue, a thorough comparative analysis of the elemental distribution and spectral characteristics of RENPs synthesized by these two strategies was conducted. The SA strategy, which avoids the partial mixing stage of shell and core precursors inherent in the LBL strategy, produces RENPs with a distinct interface in elemental distribution. This unique elemental distribution reduces unnecessary energy loss via energy transfer between heterogeneous elements in different shell layers. Consequently, the synthesis method choice can effectively modulate the spectral properties of RENPs. This discovery has been applied to the design of orthogonal RENP biomedical probes with appropriate dimensions, where the SA strategy introduces a refined inert interface to prevent unnecessary energy loss. Notably, this strategy has exhibited a 4.3-fold enhancement in NIR-II in vivo imaging and a 2.1-fold increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related photodynamic therapy (PDT) orthogonal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Lichao Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinrong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Shijiong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Dehui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Desheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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Yang S, Liu S, Qiu Y, Liao Y, Zhang Z, Wu D, Ye X. Near-infrared light responsive intensified multiphoton ultraviolet upconversion in nanostructures towards efficient reactive oxygen species generation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:18785-18793. [PMID: 37955352 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05030k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Near-infrared-to-ultraviolet (NIR-to-UV) multiphoton upconversion has recently received increasing attention owing to its promising frontier applications in the fields of biomedicine and nanophotonics. However, the realization of high-efficiency NIR-to-UV upconversion remains a dispiriting challenge due to weak excitation light harvesting and photo-conversion efficiency. Herein, we propose a mechanistic strategy to achieve intensified UV upconversion by manipulating the injected excitation energy flux. A simple LiYbF4:Tm@LiYF4 host-sensitized sublattice core-shell nanostructure was initially proposed to compete with the concentration quenching effect and increase energy transfer efficiency. Then, the organic dye ICG was further coated to introduce the antenna sensitization effect to highly increase the absorption ability of nanocrystals. After optimizing the ICG number loaded on the surface and separation distance, up to 167-fold UV upconversion emission enhancement was achieved under low-power excitation of 808 nm. More importantly, the efficient UV upconversion exhibits enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation activity by fabricating a TiO2-modified upconversion nanocomposite, revealing great application potential in frontier fields such as in vivo photodynamic therapy and bioimaging-guided therapeutics. Our results can provide versatile designs to achieve efficient UV upconversion, overcome conventional limitations, and offer exciting opportunities for potential applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
| | - Songbin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
- National Rare Earth Functional Materials Innovation Centre, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China
| | - Yuxuan Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Liao
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
| | - Ze Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
| | - Di Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100083, P.R. China
| | - Xinyu Ye
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Luminescence Materials and Devices of Jiangxi Province, College of Rare Earth, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China.
- National Rare Earth Functional Materials Innovation Centre, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Testing and Tracing of Rare Earth Products for State Market Regulation, Jiangxi University of Science and Technology, Ganzhou, 341000, P.R. China
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Hua L, Zhang KY, Liu HW, Chan KS, Lo KKW. Luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes as near-infrared-emissive biological probes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12444-12453. [PMID: 37594412 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the design, synthesis and characterisation of a series of luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes [Ir(ttp)(CH2CH2OH)] (H2ttp = 5,10,15,20-tetra-4-tolylporphyrin) (1), [Ir(tpp-Ph-NO2)(CO)Cl] (H2tpp-Ph-NO2 = 5-(4-((4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyloxymethyl)phenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) (2), [Ir(tpp-COOMe)(Py)2](Cl) (H2tpp-COOMe = 5-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin; Py = pyridine) (3) and [Ir(tpp-COOH)(Py)2](Cl) (H2tpp-COOH = 5-(4-carboxylphenyl)-10,15,20-triphenylporphyrin) (4). All the complexes displayed long-lived near-infrared (NIR) emission attributed to an excited state of mixed triplet intraligand (3IL) (π → π*) (porphyrin) and triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) (dπ(Ir) → π*(porphyrin)) character. The cytotoxicity of the complexes toward HeLa cells was examined by the 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The cationic complexes 3 and 4 exhibited higher cytotoxic activity toward HeLa cells than their neutral counterparts 1 and 2. Cellular uptake studies by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and laser-scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) indicated that complexes 3 and 4 showed higher cellular uptake efficiencies than complexes 1 and 2 due to their cationic charge, and they were enriched in the perinuclear region of the cells with negligible nuclear uptake. Additionally, the carboxyl complex 4 was used to label a model protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) via an amidation reaction. The resultant luminescent protein conjugate 4-BSA displayed similar photophysical properties and intracellular localisation behaviour to its parent complex. The results of this work will contribute to the development of luminescent iridium(III) porphyrin complexes and related bioconjugates as NIR-emissive probes for bioimaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Hua
- Department of Chemistry, Bengbu Medical College, Donghai Avenue, Bengbu, Anhui, 233030, P. R. China.
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Wei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
| | - Kin-Shing Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Kenneth Kam-Wing Lo
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Terahertz and Millimetre Waves, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Hong Kong, P. R. China
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Zhou M, Zou X, Liu Y, Wang H, Su Q. Degradation of upconverting nanoparticles in simulated fluids evaluated by ratiometric luminescence. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00590e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effect of artificially simulated fluids on the optical properties of upconversion nanoparticles and the degradation mechanism was systematically studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Zhou
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xi Zou
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yachong Liu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Haifang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Qianqian Su
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
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