1
|
Yun WS, Yang W, Shim MK, Song S, Choi J, Kim J, Kim J, Moon Y, Jo S, Lim DK, Kim K. Accurately Controlled Tumor Temperature with Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods for Optimal Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy. Biomater Res 2024; 28:0024. [PMID: 38694230 PMCID: PMC11062504 DOI: 10.34133/bmr.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Photothermal therapy (PTT) at mild temperatures ranging from 44 to 45 °C holds tremendous promise as a strategy for inducing potent immunogenic cell death (ICD) within tumor tissues, which can reverse the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (ITM) into an immune-responsive milieu. However, accurately and precisely controlling the tumor temperature remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report the precision photothermal immunotherapy by using silica-coated gold nanorods (AuNR@SiO2), and investigating the optimal administration routes and treatment protocols, which enabled to achieve the sustained and controlled mild heating within the tumor tissues. First, the highest photothermal performance of AuNR@SiO2 with 20-nm silica shell thickness than 5 or 40 nm was confirmed in vitro and in vivo. Then, the optimal conditions for precision immunotherapy were further investigated to produce mild temperature (44 to 45 °C) accurately in tumor tissues. The optimal conditions with AuNR@SiO2 result in a distinct cell death with high early/late apoptosis and low necrosis, leading to very efficient ICD compared to lower or higher temperatures. In colon tumor-bearing mice, intratumorally injected AuNR@SiO2 efficiently promotes a mild temperature within the tumor tissues by local irradiation of near-infrared (NIR) laser. This mild PTT substantially increases the population of mature dendritic cells (DCs) and cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) within tumor tissues, ultimately reversing the ITM into an immune-responsive milieu. Furthermore, we found that the combination mild PTT with AuNR@SiO2 and anti-PD-L1 therapy could lead to the 100% complete regression of primary tumors and immunological memory to prevent tumor recurrence. Collectively, this study demonstrates that AuNR@SiO2 with a robust methodology capable of continuously inducing mild temperature accurately within the ITM holds promise as an approach to achieve the precision photothermal immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wan Su Yun
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology,
Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonseok Yang
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology,
Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Kyu Shim
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division,
Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukyung Song
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoong Choi
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division,
Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongrae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology,
Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseong Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujeong Moon
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division,
Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
| | - SeongHoon Jo
- Medicinal Materials Research Center, Biomedical Research Division,
Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology,
Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwangmeyung Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kumar PPP, Lim DK. Photothermal Effect of Gold Nanoparticles as a Nanomedicine for Diagnosis and Therapeutics. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2349. [PMID: 37765317 PMCID: PMC10534847 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have received great attention for various medical applications due to their unique physicochemical properties. AuNPs with tunable optical properties in the visible and near-infrared regions have been utilized in a variety of applications such as in vitro diagnostics, in vivo imaging, and therapeutics. Among the applications, this review will pay more attention to recent developments in diagnostic and therapeutic applications based on the photothermal (PT) effect of AuNPs. In particular, the PT effect of AuNPs has played an important role in medical applications utilizing light, such as photoacoustic imaging, photon polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and hyperthermia therapy. First, we discuss the fundamentals of the optical properties in detail to understand the background of the PT effect of AuNPs. For diagnostic applications, the ability of AuNPs to efficiently convert absorbed light energy into heat to generate enhanced acoustic waves can lead to significant enhancements in photoacoustic signal intensity. Integration of the PT effect of AuNPs with PCR may open new opportunities for technological innovation called photonic PCR, where light is used to enable fast and accurate temperature cycling for DNA amplification. Additionally, beyond the existing thermotherapy of AuNPs, the PT effect of AuNPs can be further applied to cancer immunotherapy. Controlled PT damage to cancer cells triggers an immune response, which is useful for obtaining better outcomes in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors or vaccines. Therefore, this review examines applications to nanomedicine based on the PT effect among the unique optical properties of AuNPs, understands the basic principles, the advantages and disadvantages of each technology, and understands the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. Based on this, it is expected that it will help understand the current status and development direction of new nanoparticle-based disease diagnosis methods and treatment methods, and we hope that it will inspire the development of new innovative technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dong-Kwon Lim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Integrative Energy Engineering, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Yin J, Lai R, Wang Y, Mao B, Wu H, Tian L, Shao Y. Machine Learning Predicting Optimal Preparation of Silica-Coated Gold Nanorods for Photothermal Tumor Ablation. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1024. [PMID: 36985918 PMCID: PMC10059579 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (GNRs) coated with silica shells are excellent photothermal agents with high surface functionality and biocompatibility. Understanding the correlation of the coating process with both structure and property of silica-coated GNRs is crucial to their optimizing preparation and performance, as well as tailoring potential applications. Herein, we report a machine learning (ML) prediction of coating silica on GNR with various preparation parameters. A total of 306 sets of silica-coated GNRs altogether were prepared via a sol-gel method, and their structures were characterized to extract a dataset available for eight ML algorithms. Among these algorithms, the eXtreme gradient boosting (XGboost) classification model affords the highest prediction accuracy of over 91%. The derived feature importance scores and relevant decision trees are employed to address the optimal process to prepare well-structured silica-coated GNRs. The high-throughput predictions have been adopted to identify optimal process parameters for the successful preparation of dumbbell-structured silica-coated GNRs, which possess a superior performance to a conventional cylindrical core-shell counterpart. The dumbbell silica-coated GNRs demonstrate an efficient enhanced photothermal performance in vivo and in vitro, validated by both experiments and time domain finite difference calculations. This study epitomizes the potential of ML algorithms combined with experiments in predicting, optimizing, and accelerating the preparation of core-shell inorganic materials and can be extended to other nanomaterial research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jintao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jinchang Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510316, China
| | - Ruiran Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Baorui Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Haonan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Li Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yuanzhi Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Materials and Technologies, School of Physics, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
NIR-Absorbing Mesoporous Silica-Coated Copper Sulphide Nanostructures for Light-to-Thermal Energy Conversion. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12152545. [PMID: 35893513 PMCID: PMC9330451 DOI: 10.3390/nano12152545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic nanostructures, featuring near infrared (NIR)-absorption, are rising as efficient nanosystems for in vitro photothermal (PT) studies and in vivo PT treatment of cancer diseases. Among the different materials, new plasmonic nanostructures based on Cu2−xS nanocrystals (NCs) are emerging as valuable alternatives to Au nanorods, nanostars and nanoshells, largely exploited as NIR absorbing nanoheaters. Even though Cu2−xS plasmonic properties are not linked to geometry, the role played by their size, shape and surface chemistry is expected to be fundamental for an efficient PT process. Here, Cu2−xS NCs coated with a hydrophilic mesoporous silica shell (MSS) are synthesized by solution-phase strategies, tuning the core geometry, MSS thickness and texture. Besides their loading capability, the silica shell has been widely reported to provide a more robust plasmonic core protection than organic molecular/polymeric coatings, and improved heat flow from the NC to the environment due to a reduced interfacial thermal resistance and direct electron–phonon coupling through the interface. Systematic structural and morphological analysis of the core-shell nanoparticles and an in-depth thermoplasmonic characterization by using a pump beam 808 nm laser, are carried out. The results suggest that large triangular nanoplates (NPLs) coated by a few tens of nanometers thick MSS, show good photostability under laser light irradiation and provide a temperature increase above 38 °C and a 20% PT efficiency upon short irradiation time (60 s) at 6 W/cm2 power density.
Collapse
|