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Ding Q, Xu Q, Hong Y, Zhou H, He X, Niu C, Tian Z, Li H, Zeng P, Liu J. Integrated analysis of single-cell RNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, Mendelian randomization, and eQTL reveals T cell-related nomogram model and subtype classification in rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1399856. [PMID: 38962008 PMCID: PMC11219584 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1399856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic disease that attacks the joints and causes a heavy economic burden on humans worldwide. T cells regulate RA progression and are considered crucial targets for therapy. Therefore, we aimed to integrate multiple datasets to explore the mechanisms of RA. Moreover, we established a T cell-related diagnostic model to provide a new method for RA immunotherapy. Methods scRNA-seq and bulk-seq datasets for RA were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Various methods were used to analyze and characterize the T cell heterogeneity of RA. Using Mendelian randomization (MR) and expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL), we screened for potential pathogenic T cell marker genes in RA. Subsequently, we selected an optimal machine learning approach by comparing the nine types of machine learning in predicting RA to identify T cell-related diagnostic features to construct a nomogram model. Patients with RA were divided into different T cell-related clusters using the consensus clustering method. Finally, we performed immune cell infiltration and clinical correlation analyses of T cell-related diagnostic features. Results By analyzing the scRNA-seq dataset, we obtained 10,211 cells that were annotated into 7 different subtypes based on specific marker genes. By integrating the eQTL from blood and RA GWAS, combined with XGB machine learning, we identified a total of 8 T cell-related diagnostic features (MIER1, PPP1CB, ICOS, GADD45A, CD3D, SLFN5, PIP4K2A, and IL6ST). Consensus clustering analysis showed that RA could be classified into two different T-cell patterns (Cluster 1 and Cluster 2), with Cluster 2 having a higher T-cell score than Cluster 1. The two clusters involved different pathways and had different immune cell infiltration states. There was no difference in age or sex between the two different T cell patterns. In addition, ICOS and IL6ST were negatively correlated with age in RA patients. Conclusion Our findings elucidate the heterogeneity of T cells in RA and the communication role of these cells in an RA immune microenvironment. The construction of T cell-related diagnostic models provides a resource for guiding RA immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ding
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Qingyuan Xu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yini Hong
- Gynecology Department, The First People’s Hospital of Guangzhou, Guangzhou, China
| | - Honghai Zhou
- Faculty of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China
| | - Xinyu He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chicheng Niu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhao Tian
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Hao Li
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Traditional Chinesen Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Ping Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinfu Liu
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
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Zheng Z, Fan Y, Zhang J, Wang J, Li Z. Cedrol alleviates postmenopausal osteoporosis in rats through inhibiting the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2024:10.1007/s11626-024-00921-3. [PMID: 38814422 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-024-00921-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Pharmacological studies have shown that Cedrol (CE) exhibits extensive biological activities, including anti-inflammatory and analgesic. Moreover, it can inhibit the NF-κB pathway and the expression of various associated proteins. This study aimed to investigate the role of CE in postmenopausal osteoporosis. The results showed that intragastric administration of CE (10 and 20 mg/kg) significantly improved the bone microstructure damage and increased bone mineral density, trabecular bone volume, and bone trabecular thickness in ovariectomized (OVX) rats (p < 0.05). CE treatment additionally made a well-organized arrangement of bone trabeculae and improved its thickness and density. Compared with the OVX group, the levels of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase from 5b and C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen were significantly reduced by 42.75% and 49.27% in the OVX + CE rats (p < 0.05). TRAP staining visually showed that the number of osteoclasts in the femur tissue of CE-treated rats was less than that of the OVX group. The expressions of nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1, acid phosphatase 5, and cathepsin K in OVX + CE rats were significantly decreased by 51.61%, 46.07%, and 50.34% compared to the OVX group (p < 0.01). In addition, CE intervention effectively reduced the phosphorylation levels of P65 and IκBα and inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway. Meanwhile, CE diminished the number of multinucleated osteoclasts induced by receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand and hindered cell fusion as well as nuclear translocation of osteoclast precursor cells P65. In conclusion, CE inhibits osteoclastogenesis by suppressing the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby alleviating postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zheng
- Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China.
| | - Ying Fan
- Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jingyun Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Medical Technology, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department of Nursing, Liaoning Vocational College of Medicine, Shenyang, China
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Tang Z, Meng S, Yang X, Xiao Y, Wang W, Liu Y, Wu K, Zhang X, Guo H, Zhu YZ, Wang X. Neutrophil-Mimetic, ROS Responsive, and Oxygen Generating Nanovesicles for Targeted Interventions of Refractory Rheumatoid Arthritis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2307379. [PMID: 38084463 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most prevalent inflammatory joint disease worldwide, leading to irreversible disability and even mortality. Unfortunately, current treatment regimens fail to cure RA due to low therapeutic responses and off-target side effects. Herein, a neutrophil membrane-cloaked, natural anti-arthritic agent leonurine (Leo), and catalase (CAT) co-loaded nanoliposomal system (Leo@CAT@NM-Lipo) is constructed to remodel the hostile microenvironment for RA remission. Due to the inflammation tropism inherited from neutrophils, Leo@CAT@NM-Lipo can target and accumulate in the inflamed joint cavity where high-level ROS can be catalyzed into oxygen by CAT to simultaneously accelerate the drug release and alleviate hypoxia at the lesion site. Besides, the neutrophil membrane camouflaging also enhances the anti-inflammatory potentials of Leo@CAT@NM-Lipo by robustly absorbing pro-arthritogenic cytokines and chemokines. Consequently, Leo@CAT@NM-Lipo successfully alleviated paw swelling, reduced arthritis score, mitigated bone and cartilage damage, and reversed multiple organ dysfunctions in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats (AIA) rats by synergistic effects of macrophage polarization, inflammation resolution, ROS scavenging, and hypoxia relief. Furthermore, Leo@CAT@NM-Lipo manifested excellent biocompatibility both at the cellular and animal levels. Taken together, the study provided a neutrophil-mimetic and ROS responsive nanoplatform for targeted RA therapy and represented a promising paradigm for the treatment of a variety of inflammation-dominated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuang Tang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Shiyu Meng
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Xiaoxue Yang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Wentao Wang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Yonghang Liu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Kefan Wu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Xican Zhang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Hui Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, 519082, China
| | - Yi Zhun Zhu
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
| | - Xiaolin Wang
- School of Pharmacy and State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, 999078, China
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He J, Lin X, Wang X, Lin T, Lyu S, Gao X, Chen J, Wang Q. Arecoline hydrobromide suppresses PI3K/AKT pathway in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts and relieves collagen-induced arthritis in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:110925. [PMID: 37742366 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effectiveness of arecoline hydrobromide (AH) on the functions of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice. METHODS Immunofluorescence was used to identify RA-FLSs. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine the viability of RA-FLSs and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of AH. The 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay was used to detect DNA replication in RA-FLSs. Cell cycle and apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry. Migration and invasion, as well as wound healing assays, were employed to determine cell migration and invasion ability. Proteins and mRNA expression levels were investigated using Western blot, quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR), and immunofluorescence. The CIA mice model was used to assess the effect of AH in vivo. RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to find the potential signaling pathways of AH against RA, and Western blot was used to verify the key signaling pathway of AH on RA-FLSs. Network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to predict drug targets. RESULTS AH inhibited the proliferation and DNA replication of RA-FLSs, promoted cell cycle arrest by reducing the levels of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), cyclin A2, and cyclin B1, promoted apoptosis by suppressing B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) expression, and suppressed migration and invasion by inhibiting vimentin expression in RA-FLSs. AH was also effective in relieving arthritis in vivo. RNA sequencing analyses suggested that AH inhibited the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway in RA-FLSs, which was also confirmed in Western blot analysis. Furthermore, network pharmacology and molecular docking suggested that F2, MAPK14, SRC, AKT1, and CTSK might be the direct targets of AH. CONCLUSION AH can modulate the pathological process of RA-FLSs by blocking the PI3K/AKT pathway and relieve CIA in mice, making it a potential new small molecule candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin He
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Xian Lin
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Xiaocheng Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Tengyu Lin
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Shuyan Lyu
- Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
| | - Qingwen Wang
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China; Institute of Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen 518036, China; Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Inflammatory and Immunology Diseases, Shenzhen 518036, China.
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