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Zhou LL, Guan Q, Dong YB. Covalent Organic Frameworks: Opportunities for Rational Materials Design in Cancer Therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314763. [PMID: 37983842 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicines are extensively used in cancer therapy. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are crystalline organic porous materials with several benefits for cancer therapy, including porosity, design flexibility, functionalizability, and biocompatibility. This review examines the use of COFs in cancer therapy from the perspective of reticular chemistry and function-oriented materials design. First, the modification sites and functionalization methods of COFs are discussed, followed by their potential as multifunctional nanoplatforms for tumor targeting, imaging, and therapy by integrating functional components. Finally, some challenges in the clinical translation of COFs are presented with the hope of promoting the development of COF-based anticancer nanomedicines and bringing COFs closer to clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Le Zhou
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Qun Guan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau Taipa, Macau SAR, 999078, China
| | - Yu-Bin Dong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, China
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Wang JR, Song K, Luan TX, Cheng K, Wang Q, Wang Y, Yu WW, Li PZ, Zhao Y. Robust links in photoactive covalent organic frameworks enable effective photocatalytic reactions under harsh conditions. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1267. [PMID: 38341421 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing heterogeneous photocatalysts for the applications in harsh conditions is of high importance but challenging. Herein, by converting the imine linkages into quinoline groups of triphenylamine incorporated covalent organic frameworks (COFs), two photosensitive COFs, namely TFPA-TAPT-COF-Q and TFPA-TPB-COF-Q, are successfully constructed. The obtained quinoline-linked COFs display improved stability and photocatalytic activity, making them suitable photocatalysts for photocatalytic reactions under harsh conditions, as verified by the recyclable photocatalytic reactions of organic acid involving oxidative decarboxylation and organic base involving benzylamine coupling. Under strong oxidative condition, the quinoline-linked COFs show a high efficiency up to 11831.6 μmol·g-1·h-1 and a long-term recyclable usability for photocatalytic production of H2O2, while the pristine imine-linked COFs are less catalytically active and easily decomposed in these harsh conditions. The results demonstrate that enhancing the linkage robustness of photoactive COFs is a promising strategy to construct heterogeneous catalysts for photocatalytic reactions under harsh conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Rui Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Kepeng Song
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Tian-Xiang Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Ke Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Qiurong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - William W Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China
| | - Pei-Zhou Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Science of Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Science Center for Material Creation and Energy Conversion, Shandong University, No. 27 Shanda South Road, Ji'nan, 250100, PR China.
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Yanli Zhao
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, 637371, Singapore, Singapore.
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Tripathi NP, Jain S, Singh RK, Sengupta S. Tripodal Triazine and 1,8-Naphthalimide-based Small Molecules as Efficient Photocatalysts for Visible-light Oxidative Condensation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303244. [PMID: 38038268 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Tripodal donor-acceptor (D-A) small molecules Tr-Np3 and Tr-T-Np3 consisting of triphenyl triazine and 1,8-naphthalimide, without and with a thiophene spacer have been synthesized. Their optical and redox properties were thoroughly investigated along with their utilization as photocatalysts in organic transformations. Compounds Tr-Np3 and Tr-T-Np3 showed broad absorption in the range of 290-480 nm in solutions and 300-510 nm in thin films. These tripodal molecules displayed wide optical bandgaps of (Eg opt ) 3.10 eV and 2.64 eV with very deep-lying HOMO energy levels (-6.60 eV and -6.03 eV) and low-lying LUMO levels (-3.50 eV and -3.40 eV). Appreciable electron mobilities of 5.24×10-4 cm2 /Vs and 6.14×10-4 cm2 /Vs were obtained for compounds Tr-Np3 and Tr-T-Np3 respectively by space-charge limited current (SCLC) measurements. Metal-free tripodal molecules Tr-Np3 and Tr-T-Np3 showed excellent photocatalytic abilities towards condensation of aromatic aldehydes and o-phenylenediamine followed by cyclization under visible light to yield benzimidazole derivatives that are of high medicinal value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Pratap Tripathi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sanyam Jain
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Rajiv K Singh
- Photovoltaic Metrology Section, Advanced Materials and Device Metrology Division, CSIR-National Physical Laboratory, Dr. K. S. Krishnan Marg, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Sanchita Sengupta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Mohali, Knowledge City, Sector 81, Punjab, 140306, India
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Pang H, Liu G, Huang D, Zhu Y, Zhao X, Wang W, Xiang Y. Embedding Hydrogen Atom Transfer Moieties in Covalent Organic Frameworks for Efficient Photocatalytic C-H Functionalization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202313520. [PMID: 37921489 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as efficient heterogeneous photocatalysts for a wide range of relatively simple organic reactions, whereas their application in complex organic transformations, like site-selective functionalization of unactivated C-H bonds, is underexplored, which can be mainly attributed to the lack of highly active organophotocatalytic cores. Herein through bonding oxygen atoms at the N-terminus of quinolines in nonsubstituted quinoline-linked COFs (NQ-COFs), we successfully realized the embedding of active hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) moieties into the skeleton of COFs. This novel designed COF (NQ-COFE5 -O), serving as both an excellent photosensitizer and HAT catalyst, exhibited much higher efficiency in C-H functionalization than the corresponding NQ-COFE5 . Specially, we evaluated the photocatalytic performance of NQ-COFE5 -O on ten different substrates, including quinolines, benzothiazole, and benzoxazole, all of which were transferred to desired products in moderate to high yields (up to 93 %). Furthermore, the as-synthesized NQ-COFE5 -O displayed excellent photostability and could be reused with negligible loss of activity for five catalytic cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaji Pang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Dekang Huang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yanqiu Zhu
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaodong Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Wanqin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yonggang Xiang
- College of Chemistry, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
- College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, 430070, Wuhan, P. R. China
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Li H, Dilipkumar A, Abubakar S, Zhao D. Covalent organic frameworks for CO 2 capture: from laboratory curiosity to industry implementation. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6294-6329. [PMID: 37591809 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00465h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/19/2023]
Abstract
CO2 concentration in the atmosphere has increased by about 40% since the 1960s. Among various technologies available for carbon capture, adsorption and membrane processes have been receiving tremendous attention due to their potential to capture CO2 at low costs. The kernel for such processes is the sorbent and membrane materials, and tremendous progress has been made in designing and fabricating novel porous materials for carbon capture. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a class of porous crystalline materials, are promising sorbents for CO2 capture due to their high surface area, low density, controllable pore size and structure, and preferable stabilities. However, the absence of synergistic developments between materials and engineering processes hinders achieving the qualitative leap for net-zero emissions. Considering the lack of a timely review on the combination of state-of-the-art COFs and engineering processes, in this Tutorial Review, we emphasize the developments of COFs for meeting the challenges of carbon capture and disclose the strategies of fabricating COFs for realizing industrial implementation. Moreover, this review presents a detailed and basic description of the engineering processes and industrial status of carbon capture. It highlights the importance of machine learning in integrating simulations of molecular and engineering levels. We aim to stimulate both academia and industry communities for joined efforts in bringing COFs to practical carbon capture.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Li
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Akhil Dilipkumar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
| | - Saifudin Abubakar
- ExxonMobil Asia Pacific Pte. Ltd., 1 HarbourFront Place, #06-00 HarbourFront Tower 1, 098633, Singapore
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, 117585, Singapore.
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