1
|
Chen YH, van Zon S, Adams A, Schmidt-Arras D, Laurence ADJ, Uhlig HH. The Human GP130 Cytokine Receptor and Its Expression-an Atlas and Functional Taxonomy of Genetic Variants. J Clin Immunol 2023; 44:30. [PMID: 38133879 PMCID: PMC10746620 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variants in IL6ST encoding the shared cytokine receptor for the IL-6 cytokine family GP130 have been associated with a diverse number of clinical phenotypes and disorders. We provide a molecular classification for 59 reported rare IL6ST pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and additional polymorphisms. Based on loss- or gain-of-function, cytokine selectivity, mono- and biallelic associations, and variable cellular mosaicism, we grade six classes of IL6ST variants and explore the potential for additional variants. We classify variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. Loss-of-function variants with (i) biallelic complete loss of GP130 function that presents with extended Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome; (ii) autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) caused by biallelic; and (iii) autosomal dominant HIES caused by monoallelic IL6ST variants both causing selective IL-6 and IL-11 cytokine loss-of-function defects; (iv) a biallelic cytokine-specific variant that exclusively impairs IL-11 signaling, associated with craniosynostosis and tooth abnormalities; (v) somatic monoallelic mosaic constitutively active gain-of-function variants in hepatocytes that present with inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma; and (vi) mosaic constitutively active gain-of-function variants in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells that are associated with an immune dysregulation syndrome. In addition to Mendelian IL6ST coding variants, there are common non-coding cis-acting variants that modify gene expression, which are associated with an increased risk of complex immune-mediated disorders and trans-acting variants that affect GP130 protein function. Our taxonomy highlights IL6ST as a gene with particularly strong functional and phenotypic diversity due to the combinatorial biology of the IL-6 cytokine family and predicts additional genotype-phenotype associations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Huai Chen
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah van Zon
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tang P, Xu Y, Zhang J, Nan J, Zhong R, Luo J, Xu D, Shi S, Zhang L. miR-223-3p mediates the diabetic kidney disease progression by targeting IL6ST/STAT3 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 648:50-58. [PMID: 36731227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.01.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), the most pervasive complication in diabetic patients, has become a major health threat to the aging population. Our previous miRNA profiling identified hsa-miR-223-3p as a dysregulated miRNA in the DKD samples, which may serve as a biomarker for DKD diagnosis. However, the specific mechanism of miR-223-3p in the pathogenesis of DKD remains to be elucidated. In this study, we first verified that miR-223-3p level was significantly decreased in the in vitro cell model and in vivo db/db DKD model, accompanied with endothelial cell damage. Importantly, inhibiting the expression of miR-223-3p exacerbated high-glucose induced damages in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVECs) and Human Renal Glomerular Endothelial Cells (HRGECs), while miR-223-3p overexpression showed the opposite effect. We further demonstrated that miR-223-3p associated with IL6T mRNA and attenuated the progression of DKD by suppressing the downstream STAT3 activation, indicative of the implication of miR-223-3p/IL6T/STAT3 axis in the pathogenesis of DKD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ping Tang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Yushan Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Jingrong Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Juanli Nan
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Ruxian Zhong
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Jingmei Luo
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Dazhi Xu
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China
| | - Shaoqing Shi
- Scientific Research Laboratory Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China.
| | - Lihua Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650031, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deng M, Li M, Liu L, Shi Y, Sun L, Ma X, Zou J. Proteomic profiling of human corneal stroma from long-term contact lens wearers reveals activation of inflammatory responses. Cont Lens Anterior Eye 2023; 46:101820. [PMID: 36775668 DOI: 10.1016/j.clae.2023.101820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the association between proteomic changes and potential pathogenesis in the human cornea with respect to the duration of wearing soft contact lenses (SCLs). METHODS A total of 96 corneal stroma samples, obtained via small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), were equally grouped according to the duration of wearing SCL: 0Y, did not wear SCL; 5Y, wore SCL for<5 years; 5-10Y, wore SCL for 5-10 years; O10Y, wore SCL for>10 years. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to identify and quantify protein profiles in the corneal stroma. Expression levels of CO1A1, CO4A1, NFKB1, and IL6RB were determined using western blot and immunohistochemistry analysis. RESULTS This study quantified a total of 5,668 proteins across samples and identified 2,379 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) with significantly increased abundance in the three SCL-wearing groups compared with that in the non-SCL-wearing group. Compared with those in the 0Y group, the molecular functions of DEPs in the 5Y, 5-10Y, and O10Y groups were mainly related to translation regulator activity, antigen binding, peptidase inhibitor activity, participation in extracellular matrix (ECM) production, complement activation, and inflammatory responses. Pathway enrichment analysis of DEPs showed that the sphingolipid, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling pathways were activated in the human corneal stroma after long-term SCL use. CONCLUSIONS Inflammation-related proteomic components in human corneal stroma increased after long-term use of SCL and may act as an essential factor in the molecular pathogenesis of corneal stroma damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manli Deng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuehui Shi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyun Ma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Jun Zou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China; Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schmidt-Arras D, Rose-John S. Endosomes as Signaling Platforms for IL-6 Family Cytokine Receptors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688314. [PMID: 34141712 PMCID: PMC8204807 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the name-giving cytokine of a family of eleven members, including IL-6, CNTF, LIF, and IL-27. IL-6 was first recognized as a B-cell stimulating factor but we now know that the cytokine plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of inflammatory processes as well as in inflammation associated cancer. Moreover, IL-6 is involved in metabolic regulation and it has been shown to be involved in major neural activities such as neuroprotection, which can help to repair and to reduce brain damage. Receptor complexes of all members formed at the plasma membrane contain one or two molecules of the signaling receptor subunit GP130 and the mechanisms of signal transduction are well understood. IL-6 type cytokines can also signal from endomembranes, in particular the endosome, and situations have been reported in which endocytosis of receptor complexes are a prerequisite of intracellular signaling. Moreover, pathogenic GP130 variants were shown to interfere with spatial activation of downstream signals. We here summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial regulation of IL-6 family cytokine signaling and discuss its relevance for pathogenic processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Materna-Kiryluk A, Pollak A, Gawalski K, Szczawinska-Poplonyk A, Rydzynska Z, Sosnowska A, Cukrowska B, Gasperowicz P, Konopka E, Pietrucha B, Grzywa TM, Banaszak-Ziemska M, Niedziela M, Skalska-Sadowska J, Stawiński P, Śladowski D, Nowis D, Ploski R. Mosaic IL6ST variant inducing constitutive GP130 cytokine receptor signaling as a cause of neonatal onset immunodeficiency with autoinflammation and dysmorphy. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 30:226-233. [PMID: 33517393 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddab035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 signal transducer (IL6ST) encodes the GP130 protein which transduces the proinflammatory signaling of the IL6 cytokine family through Janus kinase signal transducers and activators of transcription pathway (JAK/STAT) activation. Biallelic loss-of-function IL6ST variants cause autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome or a variant of the Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome. Somatic gain-of-function IL6ST mutations, in particular, small monoallelic in-frame deletions of which the most prevalent is the IL6ST Ser187_Tyr190del, are an established cause of inflammatory hepatocellular tumors, but so far, no disease caused by such mutations present constitutively has been described. Herein, we report a pediatric proband with a novel syndrome of neonatal onset immunodeficiency with autoinflammation and dysmorphy associated with the IL6ST Tyr186_Tyr190del variant present constitutively. Tyr186_Tyr190del was found by exome sequencing and was shown to be de novo (absent in proband's parents and siblings) and mosaic (present in approximately 15-40% of cells depending on the tissue studied-blood, urine sediment, hair bulbs and buccal swab). Functional studies were performed in the Epstein-Barr virus-immortalized patient's B cell lymphoblastoid cell line, which carried the variant in approximately 95% of the cells. Western blot showed that the patient's cells exhibited constitutive hyperphosphorylation of Tyr705 in STAT3, which is indicative of IL6-independent activation of GP130. Interestingly, the STAT3 phosphorylation could be inhibited with ruxolitinib as well as tofacitinib, which are clinically approved JAK1 and JAK3 (to lesser extent JAK2 and JAK1) inhibitors, respectively. Given our results and the recent reports of ruxolitinib and tofacitinib use for the treatment of diseases caused by direct activation of STAT3 or STAT1, we speculate that these drugs may be effective in the treatment of our patient's condition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Materna-Kiryluk
- Polish Registry of Congenital Malformations, Chair and Department of Medical Genetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 61-701, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pollak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Karol Gawalski
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Szczawinska-Poplonyk
- Department of Pediatric Pneumonology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-572, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Rydzynska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Anna Sosnowska
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Bożena Cukrowska
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw 04-730, Poland
| | - Piotr Gasperowicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Ewa Konopka
- Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw 04-730, Poland
| | - Barbara Pietrucha
- Department of Clinical Immunology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw 04-730, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland.,The Doctoral School of the Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-091, Poland
| | - Magdalena Banaszak-Ziemska
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-572, Poland
| | - Marek Niedziela
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Rheumatology, Institute of Pediatrics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan 60-572, Poland
| | - Jolanta Skalska-Sadowska
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantology University of Medical Sciences, Poznań 61-854, Poland
| | - Piotr Stawiński
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| | - Dariusz Śladowski
- Department of Transplantology and Central Tissue Bank, Centre for Biostructure, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-004, Poland
| | - Dominika Nowis
- Laboratory of Experimental Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw 02-097, Poland
| | - Rafal Ploski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw 02-106, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Metcalfe RD, Putoczki TL, Griffin MDW. Structural Understanding of Interleukin 6 Family Cytokine Signaling and Targeted Therapies: Focus on Interleukin 11. Front Immunol 2020; 11:1424. [PMID: 32765502 PMCID: PMC7378365 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are small signaling proteins that have central roles in inflammation and cell survival. In the half-century since the discovery of the first cytokines, the interferons, over fifty cytokines have been identified. Amongst these is interleukin (IL)-6, the first and prototypical member of the IL-6 family of cytokines, nearly all of which utilize the common signaling receptor, gp130. In the last decade, there have been numerous advances in our understanding of the structural mechanisms of IL-6 family signaling, particularly for IL-6 itself. However, our understanding of the detailed structural mechanisms underlying signaling by most IL-6 family members remains limited. With the emergence of new roles for IL-6 family cytokines in disease and, in particular, roles of IL-11 in cardiovascular disease, lung disease, and cancer, there is an emerging need to develop therapeutics that can progress to clinical use. Here we outline our current knowledge of the structural mechanism of signaling by the IL-6 family of cytokines. We discuss how this knowledge allows us to understand the mechanism of action of currently available inhibitors targeting IL-6 family cytokine signaling, and most importantly how it allows for improved opportunities to pharmacologically disrupt cytokine signaling. We focus specifically on the need to develop and understand inhibitors that disrupt IL-11 signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Riley D Metcalfe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tracy L Putoczki
- Personalised Oncology Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Michael D W Griffin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bio21 Molecular Science and Technology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Floss DM, Scheller J. Naturally occurring and synthetic constitutive-active cytokine receptors in disease and therapy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2019; 47:1-20. [PMID: 31147158 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2019.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines control immune related events and are critically involved in a plethora of patho-physiological processes including autoimmunity and cancer development. Mutations which cause ligand-independent, constitutive activation of cytokine receptors are quite frequently found in diseases. Many constitutive-active cytokine receptor variants have been directly connected to disease development and mechanistically analyzed. Nature's solutions to generate constitutive cytokine receptors has been recently adopted by synthetic cytokine receptor biology, with the goal to optimize immune therapeutics. Here, CAR T cell immmunotherapy represents the first example to combine synthetic biology with genetic engineering during therapy. Hence, constitutive-active cytokine receptors are therapeutic targets, but also emerging tools to improve or modulate immunotherapeutic strategies. This review gives a comprehensive insight into the field of naturally occurring and synthetic constitutive-active cytokine receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lokau J, Garbers C. Activating mutations of the gp130/JAK/STAT pathway in human diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2018; 116:283-309. [PMID: 31036294 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family are involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Dysregulated and increased activities of its members can be found in practically all human inflammatory diseases including cancer. All cytokines activate several intracellular signaling cascades, including the Jak/STAT, MAPK, PI3K, and Src/YAP signaling pathways. Additionally, several mutations in proteins involved in these signaling cascades have been identified in human patients, which render these proteins constitutively active and result in a hyperactivation of the signaling pathway. Interestingly, some of these mutations are associated with or even causative for distinct human diseases, making them interesting targets for therapy. This chapter describes the basic biology of the gp130/Jak/STAT pathway, summarizes what is known about the molecular mechanisms of the activating mutations, and gives an outlook how this knowledge can be exploited for targeted therapy in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Schmidt-Arras D, Rose-John S. IL-6 pathway in the liver: From physiopathology to therapy. J Hepatol 2016; 64:1403-15. [PMID: 26867490 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 577] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic four-helix-bundle cytokine that exerts multiple functions in the body. In the liver, IL-6 is an important inducer of the acute phase response and infection defense. IL-6 is furthermore crucial for hepatocyte homeostasis and is a potent hepatocyte mitogen. It is not only implicated in liver regeneration, but also in metabolic function of the liver. However, persistent activation of the IL-6 signaling pathway is detrimental to the liver and might ultimately result in the development of liver tumors. On target cells IL-6 can bind to the signal transducing subunit gp130 either in complex with the membrane-bound or with the soluble IL-6 receptor to induce intracellular signaling. In this review we describe how these different pathways are involved in the physiology and pathophyiology of the liver. We furthermore discuss how IL-6 pathways can be selectively inhibited and therapeutically exploited for the treatment of liver pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, Kiel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Miura T, Nagamune T, Kawahara M. Ligand-inducible dimeric antibody for selecting antibodies against a membrane protein based on mammalian cell proliferation. Biotechnol Bioeng 2015; 113:1113-23. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.25858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Miura
- Department of Bioengineering; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - Teruyuki Nagamune
- Department of Bioengineering; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| | - Masahiro Kawahara
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology; Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo; 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku; Tokyo 113-8656 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Pilati C, Zucman-Rossi J. Mutations leading to constitutive active gp130/JAK1/STAT3 pathway. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2015; 26:499-506. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2015.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
12
|
Waters M, Brooks A. JAK2 activation by growth hormone and other cytokines. Biochem J 2015; 466:1-11. [PMID: 25656053 PMCID: PMC4325515 DOI: 10.1042/bj20141293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Revised: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) and structurally related cytokines regulate a great number of physiological and pathological processes. They do this by coupling their single transmembrane domain (TMD) receptors to cytoplasmic tyrosine kinases, either as homodimers or heterodimers. Recent studies have revealed that many of these receptors exist as constitutive dimers rather than being dimerized as a consequence of ligand binding, which has necessitated a new paradigm for describing their activation process. In the present study, we describe a model for activation of the tyrosine kinase Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) by the GH receptor homodimer based on biochemical data and molecular dynamics simulations. Binding of the bivalent ligand reorientates and rotates the receptor subunits, resulting in a transition from a form with parallel TMDs to one where the TMDs separate at the point of entry into the cytoplasm. This movement slides the pseudokinase inhibitory domain of one JAK kinase away from the kinase domain of the other JAK within the receptor dimer-JAK complex, allowing the two kinase domains to interact and trans-activate. This results in phosphorylation and activation of STATs and other signalling pathways linked to this receptor which then regulate postnatal growth, metabolism and stem cell activation. We believe that this model will apply to most if not all members of the class I cytokine receptor family, and will be useful in the design of small antagonists and agonists of therapeutic value.
Collapse
Key Words
- class i cytokine receptors
- cytokine receptor signalling
- growth hormone
- growth hormone receptor
- janus kinase 2 (jak2)
- srk family kinases
- cntf, ciliary neurotropic factor
- crh, cytokine receptor homology
- ct-1, cardiotropin-1
- ecd, extracellular domain
- epo, erythropoietin
- fniii, fibronectin iii-like
- gh, growth hormone
- gm-csf, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- jak, janus kinase
- jm, juxtamembrane
- mab, monoclonal antibody
- osm, oncostatin-m
- pk, pseudokinase
- tmd, transmembrane domain
- tpo, thrombopoietin
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Waters
- *Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland Institute, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Andrew J. Brooks
- *Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland Institute, QLD 4072, Australia
- †The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, QLD 4072, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Aparicio-Siegmund S, Sommer J, Monhasery N, Schwanbeck R, Keil E, Finkenstädt D, Pfeffer K, Rose-John S, Scheller J, Garbers C. Inhibition of protein kinase II (CK2) prevents induced signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1/3 and constitutive STAT3 activation. Oncotarget 2015; 5:2131-48. [PMID: 24742922 PMCID: PMC4039151 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Janus kinase / signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak/STAT) pathway can be activated by many different cytokines, among them all members of the Interleukin (IL-)6 family. Dysregulation of this pathway, resulting in its constitutive activation, is associated with chronic inflammation and cancer development. In the present study, we show that activity of protein kinase II (CK2), a ubiquitously expressed serine/threonine kinase, is needed for induced activation of STAT1 and STAT3 by IL-6 classic and trans-signaling, IL-11, IL-27, oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1). Inhibition of CK2 efficiently prevented STAT phosphorylation and inhibited cytokine-dependent cell proliferation in a Jak1-dependent manner. Conversely, forced activation of CK2 alone was not sufficient to induce activation of the Jak/STAT signaling pathway. Inhibition of CK2 in turn inhibited Jak1-dependent STAT activation by oncogenic gp130 mutations. Furthermore, CK2 inhibition diminished the Jak1- and Src kinase-dependent phosphorylation of a constitutively active STAT3 mutant recently described in human large granular lymphocytic leukemia. In conclusion, we characterize CK2 as an essential component of the Jak/STAT pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of this kinase is therefore a promising strategy to treat human inflammatory diseases and malignancies associated with constitutive activation of the Jak/STAT pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samadhi Aparicio-Siegmund
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ostermeir K, Zacharias M. Hamiltonian replica exchange combined with elastic network analysis to enhance global domain motions in atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. Proteins 2014; 82:3410-9. [DOI: 10.1002/prot.24695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Ostermeir
- Physik-Department T38; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Physik-Department T38; Technische Universität München; 85748 Garching Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chang Q, Daly L, Bromberg J. The IL-6 feed-forward loop: a driver of tumorigenesis. Semin Immunol 2014; 26:48-53. [PMID: 24613573 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
IL-6 signaling plays a prominent role in tumorigenesis and metastasis. In this review we discuss the recent evidence describing the tumor intrinsic and extrinsic functions of this signaling pathway. Although blockade of this pathway in pre-clinical models leads to a reduction in tumor growth and metastasis, its clinical success is less evident. Thus, identifying the features of tumors/patients that predict response to anti-IL6 therapy are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Chang
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Laura Daly
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - Jacqueline Bromberg
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA; Weill Cornell Medical College (WCMC), New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poussin K, Pilati C, Couchy G, Calderaro J, Bioulac-Sage P, Bacq Y, Paradis V, Leteurtre E, Sturm N, Ramos J, Guettier C, Bardier-Dupas A, Boulai A, Wendum D, Selves J, Izard T, Nault JC, Zucman-Rossi J. Biochemical and functional analyses of gp130 mutants unveil JAK1 as a novel therapeutic target in human inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma. Oncoimmunology 2014; 2:e27090. [PMID: 24501689 PMCID: PMC3913689 DOI: 10.4161/onci.27090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Accepted: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory hepatocellular adenomas (IHCAs) are benign liver lesions that can be characterized histologically by the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate and at the molecular level by the overexpression of acute phase inflammatory response genes. Recurrent somatic mutations of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) signal transducer (IL6ST) locus, encoding the critical component of the IL-6 signal transduction machinery gp130, are present in 60% of IHCAs and in a subset (2%) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCs). By screening of 256 human hepatic adenoma specimens (the largest genetic analysis of IL6ST performed to date in this setting), we identified 24 distinct somatic IL6ST mutations among 66 mutant adenomas. The functional analysis of nine different gp130 mutants expressed in hepatic cancer cell lines consistently revealed the constitutive and IL-6-independent activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. We further demonstrated that the signaling activity of mutant gp130 in IHCA remains responsive to suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), a physiological gp130 inhibitor. Specifically, cells expressing a double mutant variant of gp130 with a disrupted SOCS3-binding site at residue 759 (Y186/Y759F) displayed a hyperactivation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) as compared with cells expressing the endogenous IHCA-associated Y186 gp130 mutant. Notably, we identified that constitutive signaling via gp130 in IHCA requires the Janus kinase family member JAK1, but not JAK2 or tyrosine kinase 2. In support of this notion, AG490, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively blocks JAK2, had no effect on gp130 activity. In stark contrast, we showed that ruxolitinib, a JAK1/JAK2-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat patients with myelofibrosis, dramatically impaired JAK1-STAT signaling downstream of all IHCA-associated gp130 mutants. In conclusion, our findings provide a rationale for the use of JAK1 inhibitors for the treatment of HCAs expressing mutant gp130 as well as a subset of HCCs that bear similar mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Poussin
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| | - Camilla Pilati
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| | - Gabrielle Couchy
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| | - Julien Calderaro
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France ; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Department of Pathology; CHU Henri Mondor; Créteil, France
| | - Paulette Bioulac-Sage
- Inserm, UMR-1053; Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2; Bordeaux, France ; CHU de Bordeaux; Pellegrin Hospital; Department of Pathology; Bordeaux, France
| | - Yannick Bacq
- Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie; Hôpital Trousseau; CHRU de Tours; Tours, France
| | - Valérie Paradis
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Department of Pathology; Beaujon Hospital; Université Paris Diderot; Clichy, France
| | - Emmanuelle Leteurtre
- Université de Lille 2; Lille, France ; Institut de Pathologie; CHRU de Lille; Lille, France ; INSERM U837; Lille, France
| | - Nathalie Sturm
- Depatment of Pathology; CHU Grenoble; Hôpital Albert Michallon; La Tronche, France
| | - Jeanne Ramos
- Department of Pathology; Gui de Chauliac Hospital; Université Montpellier-Nîmes; Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Guettier
- Department of Pathology; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Hôpital Paul Brousse; Villejuif, France
| | - Armelle Bardier-Dupas
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Department of Pathology; Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière; Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris, France
| | - Anais Boulai
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| | - Dominique Wendum
- UPMC Univ Paris 06; UMRS 938; CdR Saint-Antoine; Paris, France ; INSERM, UMRS 938; CdR Saint-Antoine; Paris, France ; AP-HP, Hôpital St Antoine; Service d'Anatomie Pathologique; Paris, France
| | - Janick Selves
- Purpan Hospital; Pathology and Cancer Research Centre of Toulouse; Inserm UMR 1037/CNRS-ERL 5294/Toulouse 3 University; Markers & Targets for Digestive Cancer Biotherapy; Toulouse, France
| | - Tina Izard
- Department of Cancer Biology; The Scripps Research Institute; Scripps Florida; Jupiter, Florida USA
| | - Jean-Charles Nault
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| | - Jessica Zucman-Rossi
- INSERM, UMR-674; Génomique fonctionnelle des tumeurs solides; IUH; Paris, France ; Université Paris Descartes; Labex Immuno-oncology; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schmidt-Arras D, Müller M, Stevanovic M, Horn S, Schütt A, Bergmann J, Wilkens R, Lickert A, Rose-John S. Oncogenic deletion mutants of gp130 signal from intracellular compartments. J Cell Sci 2013; 127:341-53. [DOI: 10.1242/jcs.130294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin 6 and hence activation of the IL-6 receptor signalling subunit gp130 have been linked to inflammation and tumour formation. Recently, deletion mutations in gp130 have been identified in inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma. The mutations clustered around one IL-6 binding epitope and rendered gp130 constitutively active in a ligand-independent manner. Here we can show that gp130 deletion mutants, but not wildtype gp130 localise predominantly to intracellular compartments, notably the ER and early endosomes. One of the most frequent mutants gp130 Y186-Y190del (ΔYY) is retained in the ER quality control by its association with the chaperone calnexin. Furthermore, we can show that gp130 ΔYY induces downstream signalling from both, ER and endosomes and that both signals contribute to ligand-independent cell proliferation. We also demonstrate that endosomal localisation of gp130 ΔYY is crucial for full-fledged STAT3 activation. Therefore aberrant signalling from intracellular compartments might explain the tumourigenic potential of naturally occurring somatic mutations of gp130.
Collapse
|