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Rad NK, Heydari Z, Tamimi AH, Zahmatkesh E, Shpichka A, Barekat M, Timashev P, Hossein-Khannazer N, Hassan M, Vosough M. Review on Kidney-Liver Crosstalk: Pathophysiology of Their Disorders. CELL JOURNAL 2024; 26:98-111. [PMID: 38459727 PMCID: PMC10924833 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2023.2007757.1376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Kidney-liver crosstalk plays a crucial role in normal and certain pathological conditions. In pathologic states, both renal-induced liver damage and liver-induced kidney diseases may happen through these kidney-liver interactions. This bidirectional crosstalk takes place through the systemic conditions that mutually influence both the liver and kidneys. Ischemia and reperfusion, cytokine release and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, metabolic acidosis, oxidative stress, and altered enzyme activity and metabolic pathways establish the base of this interaction between the kidneys and liver. In these concomitant kidney-liver diseases, the survival rates strongly correlate with early intervention and treatment of organ dysfunction. Proper care of a nephrologist and hepatologist and the identification of pathological conditions using biomarkers at early stages are necessary to prevent the complications induced by this complex and potentially vicious cycle. Therefore, understanding the characteristics of this crosstalk is essential for better management. In this review, we discussed the available literature concerning the detrimental effects of kidney failure on liver functions and liver-induced kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Khoshdel Rad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Heydari
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Amir Hossein Tamimi
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh Zahmatkesh
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anastasia Shpichka
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maryam Barekat
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peter Timashev
- World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
- Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikoo Hossein-Khannazer
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Moustapha Hassan
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. ,
- Experimental Cancer Medicine, Institution for Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
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Liu H, Yan C, Hao C, Wang D, Liu Y, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Wang JX, Li D, Zhu J, Chang SY, Yang LH, Lin X, Yan C, Kang JD, Quan LH. Dynamic changes in intestinal microbiota and metabolite composition of pre-weaned beef calves. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105991. [PMID: 36649780 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbes and their metabolites are essential for maintaining host health and production. The intestinal microflora of pre-weaned calves gradually tends to mature with growth and development and has high plasticity, but few studies have explored the dynamic changes of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in pre-weaned beef calves. In this study, we tracked the dynamics of faecal microbiota in 13 new-born calves by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysed changes in faecal amino acid levels using metabolomics. Calves were divided into the relatively high average daily gain group (HA) and the relatively low average daily gain group (LA) for comparison. The results demonstrated that the alpha diversity of the faecal microbiota increased with calf growth and development. The abundance of Porphyromonadaceae bacterium DJF B175 increased in the HA group, while that of Lactobacillus reuteri decreased. The results of the LEfSe analysis showed that the microbiota of faeces of HA calves at eight weeks of age was enriched with P. bacterium DJF B175, while Escherichia coli and L. reuteri were enriched in the microbiota of faeces of LA calves. Besides, the total amino acid concentration decreased significantly in the eighth week compared with that in the first week (P < 0.05). Overall, even under the same management conditions, microorganisms and their metabolites interact to play different dynamic regulatory roles. Our results provide new insights into changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites of pre-weaned calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Liu
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Chunyun Hao
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Danqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Yize Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Dongxu Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Changguo Yan
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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Oleuropein Activates Neonatal Neocortical Proteasomes, but Proteasome Gene Targeting by AAV9 Is Variable in a Clinically Relevant Piglet Model of Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia and Hypothermia. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082120. [PMID: 34440889 PMCID: PMC8391411 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral hypoxia-ischemia (HI) compromises the proteasome in a clinically relevant neonatal piglet model. Protecting and activating proteasomes could be an adjunct therapy to hypothermia. We investigated whether chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity differs regionally and developmentally in the neonatal brain. We also tested whether neonatal brain proteasomes can be modulated by oleuropein, an experimental pleiotropic neuroprotective drug, or by targeting a proteasome subunit gene using recombinant adeno-associated virus-9 (AAV). During post-HI hypothermia, we treated piglets with oleuropein, used AAV-short hairpin RNA (shRNA) to knock down proteasome activator 28γ (PA28γ), or enforced PA28γ using AAV-PA28γ with green fluorescent protein (GFP). Neonatal neocortex and subcortical white matter had greater proteasome activity than did liver and kidney. Neonatal white matter had higher proteasome activity than did juvenile white matter. Lower arterial pH 1 h after HI correlated with greater subsequent cortical proteasome activity. With increasing brain homogenate protein input into the assay, the initial proteasome activity increased only among shams, whereas HI increased total kinetic proteasome activity. OLE increased the initial neocortical proteasome activity after hypothermia. AAV drove GFP expression, and white matter PA28γ levels correlated with proteasome activity and subunit levels. However, AAV proteasome modulation varied. Thus, neonatal neocortical proteasomes can be pharmacologically activated. HI slows the initial proteasome performance, but then augments ongoing catalytic activity. AAV-mediated genetic manipulation in the piglet brain holds promise, though proteasome gene targeting requires further development.
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Bonavia A, Stiles N. Renohepatic crosstalk: a review of the effects of acute kidney injury on the liver. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2021; 37:1218-1228. [PMID: 33527986 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfaa297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several theories regarding acute kidney injury (AKI)-related mortality have been entertained, although mounting evidence supports the paradigm that impaired kidney function directly and adversely affects the function of several remote organs. The kidneys and liver are fundamental to human metabolism and detoxification, and it is therefore hardly surprising that critical illness complicated by hepatorenal dysfunction portends a poor prognosis. Several diseases can simultaneously impact the proper functioning of the liver and kidneys, although this review will address the impact of AKI on liver function. While evidence for this relationship in humans remains sparse, we present supportive studies and then discuss the most likely mechanisms by which AKI can cause liver dysfunction. These include 'traditional' complications of AKI (uremia, volume overload and acute metabolic acidosis, among others) as well as systemic inflammation, hepatic leukocyte infiltration, cytokine-mediated liver injury and hepatic oxidative stress. We conclude by addressing the therapeutic implications of these findings to clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Bonavia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nicholas Stiles
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA, USA
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Kim HS, Whon TW, Sung H, Jeong YS, Jung ES, Shin NR, Hyun DW, Kim PS, Lee JY, Lee CH, Bae JW. Longitudinal evaluation of fecal microbiota transplantation for ameliorating calf diarrhea and improving growth performance. Nat Commun 2021; 12:161. [PMID: 33420064 PMCID: PMC7794225 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calf diarrhea is associated with enteric infections, and also provokes the overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, proper treatment of diarrhea represents a therapeutic challenge in livestock production and public health concerns. Here, we describe the ability of a fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), to ameliorate diarrhea and restore gut microbial composition in 57 growing calves. We conduct multi-omics analysis of 450 longitudinally collected fecal samples and find that FMT-induced alterations in the gut microbiota (an increase in the family Porphyromonadaceae) and metabolomic profile (a reduction in fecal amino acid concentration) strongly correlate with the remission of diarrhea. During the continuous follow-up study over 24 months, we find that FMT improves the growth performance of the cattle. This first FMT trial in ruminants suggest that FMT is capable of ameliorating diarrhea in pre-weaning calves with alterations in their gut microbiota, and that FMT may have a potential role in the improvement of growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Sik Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Woong Whon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Microbiology and Functionality Research Group, World Institute of Kimchi, Gwangju, 61755, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojun Sung
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Seok Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Sung Jung
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ri Shin
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
- Biological Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Jeongeup-Si, Jeollabuk-Do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Wook Hyun
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Pil Soo Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - June-Young Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Bae
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea.
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Ibarra G, Majmundar MM, Pacheco E, Zala H, Chaudhari S. Hypernatremia in Diabetic Ketoacidosis: Rare Presentation and a Cautionary Tale. Cureus 2020; 12:e11841. [PMID: 33409080 PMCID: PMC7781561 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.11841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyponatremia in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is common and can be due to several reasons. However, hypernatremia in DKA is rare and can be life-threatening. Its exact etiology is not clear and several mechanisms related to water deficit from inadequate oral intake and free water loss that supersedes the electrolyte loss through diarrhea or vomiting have been proposed. Treating the DKA more aggressively than the hypernatremia itself, choosing a hypoosmolar fluid, and switching to D5-0.45% saline, when glucose has decreased, are some of the vital considerations for the management of hypernatremia in DKA. We present a 44-year-old male patient with an unclear history of DKA with unusually severe hypernatremia that gradually responded to aggressive management of DKA with rigorous IV hydration and the above-mentioned strategies.
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Harvey CJDC, Schofield GM, Williden M. The use of nutritional supplements to induce ketosis and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction: a narrative review. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4488. [PMID: 29576959 PMCID: PMC5858534 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adaptation to a ketogenic diet (keto-induction) can cause unpleasant symptoms, and this can reduce tolerability of the diet. Several methods have been suggested as useful for encouraging entry into nutritional ketosis (NK) and reducing symptoms of keto-induction. This paper reviews the scientific literature on the effects of these methods on time-to-NK and on symptoms during the keto-induction phase. Methods PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Alt Health Watch, Food Science Source and EBSCO Psychology and Behavioural Sciences Collection electronic databases were searched online. Various purported ketogenic supplements were searched along with the terms “ketogenic diet”, “ketogenic”, “ketosis” and ketonaemia (/ ketonemia). Additionally, author names and reference lists were used for further search of the selected papers for related references. Results Evidence, from one mouse study, suggests that leucine doesn’t significantly increase beta-hydroxybutyrate (BOHB) but the addition of leucine to a ketogenic diet in humans, while increasing the protein-to-fat ratio of the diet, doesn’t reduce ketosis. Animal studies indicate that the short chain fatty acids acetic acid and butyric acid, increase ketone body concentrations. However, only one study has been performed in humans. This demonstrated that butyric acid is more ketogenic than either leucine or an 8-chain monoglyceride. Medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) increase BOHB in a linear, dose-dependent manner, and promote both ketonaemia and ketogenesis. Exogenous ketones promote ketonaemia but may inhibit ketogenesis. Conclusions There is a clear ketogenic effect of supplemental MCTs; however, it is unclear whether they independently improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. There is limited research on the potential for other supplements to improve time to NK and reduce symptoms of keto-induction. Few studies have specifically evaluated symptoms and adverse effects of a ketogenic diet during the induction phase. Those that have typically were not designed to evaluate these variables as primary outcomes, and thus, more research is required to elucidate the role that supplementation might play in encouraging ketogenesis, improve time to NK, and reduce symptoms associated with keto-induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliff J D C Harvey
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Grant M Schofield
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Micalla Williden
- Human Potential Centre, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Patel JJ, McClain CJ, Sarav M, Hamilton-Reeves J, Hurt RT. Protein Requirements for Critically Ill Patients With Renal and Liver Failure. Nutr Clin Pract 2017; 32:101S-111S. [PMID: 28208022 DOI: 10.1177/0884533616687501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Diseases leading to critical illness induce proteolysis resulting in muscle wasting and negative nitrogen balance. Muscle wasting has been associated with poor intensive care unit (ICU)-related outcomes, including an increased risk for mortality. Acute kidney injury (AKI) represents a common organ dysfunction associated with ICU-related disorders, such as sepsis, trauma, and respiratory failure. AKI and renal replacement therapy lead to amino acid loss. Decompensated liver cirrhosis (DLC) and acute liver failure (ALF) represent more severe forms of liver dysfunction leading to ICU admission. DLC and ALF are associated with proteolysis and amino acid loss. AKI, DLC, and ALF uniquely contribute to negative nitrogen balance. The purpose of this review is to outline proteolysis associated with critical illness; define specific protein abnormalities in AKI, DLC, and ALF; define protein requirements in AKI, DLC, and ALF; and discuss barriers associated with optimal protein supplementation in these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayshil J Patel
- 1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Craig J McClain
- 2 Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, and Robley Rex VA Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Menaka Sarav
- 3 Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University Hospital Health System, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jill Hamilton-Reeves
- 4 Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas, USA
| | - Ryan T Hurt
- 5 Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Abstract
Muscle wasting is a serious complication of various clinical conditions that significantly worsens the prognosis of the illnesses. Clinically relevant models of muscle wasting are essential for understanding its pathogenesis and for selective preclinical testing of potential therapeutic agents. The data presented here indicate that muscle wasting has been well characterized in rat models of sepsis (endotoxaemia, and caecal ligation and puncture), in rat models of chronic renal failure (partial nephrectomy), in animal models of intensive care unit patients (corticosteroid treatment combined with peripheral denervation or with administration of neuromuscular blocking drugs) and in murine and rat models of cancer (tumour cell transplantation). There is a need to explore genetically engineered mouse models of cancer. The degree of protein degradation in skeletal muscle is not well characterized in animal models of liver cirrhosis, chronic heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The major difficulties with all models are standardization and high variation in disease progression and a lack of reflection of clinical reality in some of the models. The translation of the information obtained by using these models to clinical practice may be problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Holecek
- Department of Physiology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
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Sumantran VN. Experimental approaches for studying uptake and action of herbal medicines. Phytother Res 2007; 21:210-4. [PMID: 17163578 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to gain wider credibility, herbal medicines must go through the rigorous scientific scrutiny to which synthetic drugs are subjected, and this includes investigating their absorption, bioavailability and metabolism. This review describes approaches for determining how active compounds in herbal formulations enter the systemic circulation. To assess how bioactive molecules enter the target organs and cells, specific cell lines and organ culture models can be used, followed by in vitro models to show how they may regulate digestion, energy balance and metabolism. This could lead to a better understanding of how herbal medicines affect digestion and absorption; fundamental questions which should be answered in addition to their mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venil N Sumantran
- Interactive Research School for Health Affairs, Bhartiya Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Dhankawadi, Pune 411034, India.
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Cheng Y, Liu YF, Cheng DH, Li BF, Zhao N. Evaluation of CMU-1 preservation solutions using an isolated perfused rat liver model. World J Gastroenterol 2005; 11:2522-5. [PMID: 15832430 PMCID: PMC4305647 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v11.i16.2522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: CMU-1 is a new preservation solution with a low potassium concentration as well as low viscosity that is highly effective in reducing preservation injury. The purpose of this experiment is to compare the protective effect of CMU-1 solution with that of UW during cold preservation and normothermic reperfusion.
METHODS: Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to different preservation solution: CMU-1 group and UW group. After 6, 12 and 24 h cold storage of rat liver in different preservation solutions, the isolated perfused rat liver model was applied to reperfuse the liver for 120 min normothermically (37 °C) with Krebs-Henseleit solution, meanwhile the pH value of the preservation solution was measured. The perfusate was sampled for the evaluation of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). At the end of the reperfusion, all of the bile product was collected, energy metabolic substrate and histological examination were performed.
RESULTS: After preserving for 6 h, pH value of both groups did not change; after 12 h, both decreased but with no significant difference. After 24 h, pH value in UW solution group significantly decreased. The total adenine nucleotides level and AEC in liver tissue decreased with preservation time, but they were higher in CMU-1 group. And the amount of bile product after perfusion for 120 min in CMU-1 group was much more than that in UW group. However, there were no significant differences in ALT and LDH levels between two groups. Histology showed no difference.
CONCLUSION: The preservation effect of CMU-1 solution is similar with that of UW solution. However, CMU-1 solution shows some advantages over UW solution in energy meta-bolism, preventing intracellular acidosis and bile product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Organ Transplant Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
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