Mongolian spots with involvement of the temporal area

Atypical Mongolian Spots With Hurler's Disease: A Case Report

Mongolian spots are bluish-grey, irregular, hyperpigmented macules present at birth or that appear in the first few weeks of life. They are classified as atypical if they occur in unusual locations without spontaneous disappearance after infancy; or if new lesions continue to appear beyond early infancy. Although they are generally considered benign, recent studies have shown that atypical Mongolian spots may be associated with inborn errors of metabolism, such as lysosomal storage disorders and neurocristopathies. An 11-month-old male presented with multiple aberrant Mongolian spots on the abdomen, back, buttocks, arms, and legs, with the largest patch measuring 10x10 cm. Additionally, the child exhibited coarse facial features, a high-arched palate, low-set ears, and a depressed nasal bridge. Systemic examination revealed hepatosplenomegaly, fundus examination showed a hazy cornea, and the urine glycosaminoglycan test was positive, prompting us to conduct further research prioritising lysosomal storage disorders. The mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) spot test was positive, and electrophoresis for MPS revealed bands for chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, confirming the diagnosis of MPS. Enzyme assay revealed no alpha-iduronidase activity and normal beta-galactosidase activity, thus confirming Hurler's disease. This case report highlights the importance of considering atypical Mongolian spots as a potential indicator of underlying storage disorders, enabling early intervention.

Incidence of Mongolian spots and its common sites at two university hospitals in Tehran, Iran

A total of 2,305 consecutive newborns at Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran, and 1,706 at Lolagar Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were examined for 2 years (2004-2006). Mongolian spots were found in 11.4% and 37.3% of newborns at Shariati and Lolagar hospitals, respectively. The most frequent site of involvement is the sacral, followed by the gluteal area.

Superimposed Mongolian spots

We report four Chinese infants with a darker pigmented Mongolian spot superimposed on another Mongolian spot. The presence of a superimposed Mongolian spot has not been previously reported. Mongolian spots can look similar to a bruise and awareness of these lesions is important to avoid unjustified consideration of injury or child abuse.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Pigmentary Disorders in Asian Skin

Individuals of Asian heritage are predisposed to congenital and acquired pigmentary disorders. Cosmetic enhancement is frequently the primary treatment goal for these benign lesions. Accurate diagnosis of the nature of the pigmentary disorder is fundamental for administering safe and effective therapy. Before the advent of modern laser technology, such reported treatments as cryotherapy, dermabrasion, chemical peeling, and surgical excision resulted in unpredictable results. This article focuses on the diagnosis of disorders of pigmentation in Asian patients and reviews laser and light treatment modalities.

Mongolian spots with involvement of mandibular area

A 1-year-old boy had grayish pigmentation on the left side of his face over the area supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. Upon further examination, the lesion was also found on the left side of the neck, shoulder, upper arm, right lower back and buttock. The pigmentation was uniform in intensity. This case report demonstrates that Mongolian spots can occur on the face in the area supplied by the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. These spots should not be misdiagnosed as nevus of Ota.

Mongolian spots in the newborn: do they mean anything?

Mongolian spots are the most frequently seen birthmarks in infants. They have almost universally been regarded as benign cutaneous manifestations that have no clinical significance. Recently, however, there have been studies suggesting that Mongolian spots manifest more often in children with certain inborn errors of metabolism, including mucopolysaccharidosis and GM1 gangliosidosis.