1
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Cheng YC, Acedera JD, Li YJ, Shieh SY. A keratinocyte-adipocyte signaling loop is reprogrammed by loss of BTG3 to augment skin carcinogenesis. Cell Death Differ 2024; 31:970-982. [PMID: 38714880 PMCID: PMC11303697 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-024-01304-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is endemic to many developed countries. Overweight or obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cancer. Dysfunctional adipose tissue alters cancer cell proliferation and migration; however, whether and how neoplastic epithelial cells communicate with adipose tissue and the underlying mechanism are less clear. BTG3 is a member of the anti-proliferative BTG/Tob family and functions as a tumor suppressor. Here, we demonstrated that BTG3 levels are downregulated in basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma compared to normal skin tissue, and Btg3 knockout in mice augmented the development of papilloma in a mouse model of DMBA/TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, BTG3-knockout keratinocytes promoted adipocyte differentiation mainly through the release of IL1α, IL10, and CCL4, as a result of elevated NF-κB activity. These adipocytes produced CCL20 and FGF7 in a feedback loop to promote keratinocyte migration. Thus, our findings showcased the role of BTG3 in guarding the interplay between keratinocytes and adjacent adipocytes, and identified the underlying neoplastic molecular mediators that may serve as possible targets in the treatment of skin cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Che Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jack Dalit Acedera
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ju Li
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sheau-Yann Shieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Taiwan International Graduate Program in Molecular Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University and Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
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2
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Zuniga K, Ghousifam N, Shaffer L, Brocklehurst S, Van Dyke M, Christy R, Natesan S, Rylander MN. Development of a Static Avascular and Dynamic Vascular Human Skin Equivalent Employing Collagen/Keratin Hydrogels. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4992. [PMID: 38732209 PMCID: PMC11084893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the primary complications in generating physiologically representative skin tissue is the inability to integrate vasculature into the system, which has been shown to promote the proliferation of basal keratinocytes and consequent keratinocyte differentiation, and is necessary for mimicking representative barrier function in the skin and physiological transport properties. We created a 3D vascularized human skin equivalent (VHSE) with a dermal and epidermal layer, and compared keratinocyte differentiation (immunomarker staining), epidermal thickness (H&E staining), and barrier function (transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and dextran permeability) to a static, organotypic avascular HSE (AHSE). The VHSE had a significantly thicker epidermal layer and increased resistance, both an indication of increased barrier function, compared to the AHSE. The inclusion of keratin in our collagen hydrogel extracellular matrix (ECM) increased keratinocyte differentiation and barrier function, indicated by greater resistance and decreased permeability. Surprisingly, however, endothelial cells grown in a collagen/keratin extracellular environment showed increased cell growth and decreased vascular permeability, indicating a more confluent and tighter vessel compared to those grown in a pure collagen environment. The development of a novel VHSE, which incorporated physiological vasculature and a unique collagen/keratin ECM, improved barrier function, vessel development, and skin structure compared to a static AHSE model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kameel Zuniga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- 59th Medical Wing Science and Technology, JBSA-Lackland, TX 78236, USA;
| | - Neda Ghousifam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Lucy Shaffer
- 59th Medical Wing Science and Technology, JBSA-Lackland, TX 78236, USA;
| | - Sean Brocklehurst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
| | - Mark Van Dyke
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85712, USA;
| | - Robert Christy
- Military Health Institute, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA;
| | - Shanmugasundaram Natesan
- Extremity Trauma and Amputation Center of Excellence (EACE), Defense Health Agency, San Diego, CA 92134, USA;
| | - Marissa Nichole Rylander
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA;
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3
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Cho J, Bejaoui M, Tominaga K, Isoda H. Comparative Analysis of Olive-Derived Phenolic Compounds' Pro-Melanogenesis Effects on B16F10 Cells and Epidermal Human Melanocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4479. [PMID: 38674064 PMCID: PMC11050296 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Olive leaf contains plenty of phenolic compounds, among which oleuropein (OP) is the main component and belongs to the group of secoiridoids. Additionally, phenolic compounds such as oleocanthal (OL) and oleacein (OC), which share a structural similarity with OP and two aldehyde groups, are also present in olive leaves. These compounds have been studied for several health benefits, such as anti-cancer and antioxidant effects. However, their impact on the skin remains unknown. Therefore, this study aims to compare the effects of these three compounds on melanogenesis using B16F10 cells and human epidermal cells. Thousands of gene expressions were measured by global gene expression profiling with B16F10 cells. We found that glutaraldehyde compounds derived from olive leaves have a potential effect on the activation of the melanogenesis pathway and inducing differentiation in B16F10 cells. Accordingly, the pro-melanogenesis effect was investigated by means of melanin quantification, mRNA, and protein expression using human epidermal melanocytes (HEM). This study suggests that secoiridoid and its derivates have an impact on skin protection by promoting melanin production in both human and mouse cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhee Cho
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
| | - Meriem Bejaoui
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Kenichi Tominaga
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
| | - Hiroko Isoda
- Alliance for Research on the Mediterranean and North Africa (ARENA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan; (J.C.)
- Open Innovation Laboratory for Food and Medicinal Resource Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8577, Japan
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4
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Kaiser K, Bendixen SM, Sørensen JA, Brewer JR. From static to dynamic: The influence of mechanotransduction on skin equivalents analyzed by bioimaging and RNAseq. Mater Today Bio 2024; 25:101010. [PMID: 38495916 PMCID: PMC10940786 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we explore the impact of mechanical stimuli on skin models using an innovative skin-on-a-chip platform, addressing the limitations of conventional transwell-cultured skin equivalents. This platform facilitates cyclic mechanical stimulation through compression and stretching, combined with automated media perfusion. Our findings, using bioimaging and bulk RNA sequencing, reveal increased expression of Keratin 10 and Keratin 14, indicating enhanced skin differentiation and mechanical integrity. The increase in desmosomes and tight junctions, observed through Claudin-1 and Desmoplakin 1 & 2 analysis, suggests improved keratinocyte differentiation due to mechanical stimulation. Gene expression analyses reveal a nuanced regulatory response, suggesting a potential connection to the Hippo pathway, indicative of a significant cellular reaction to mechanical stimuli. The results show the important influence of mechanical stimulation on skin model integrity and differentiation, demonstrating the potential of our microfluidic platform in advancing skin biology research and pharmaceutical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Kaiser
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense M, 5230, Denmark
| | - Sofie M. Bendixen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense M, 5230, Denmark
| | - Jens Ahm Sørensen
- Odense University Hospital, Research Unit of Plastic Surgery, Odense C, 5000, Denmark
| | - Jonathan R. Brewer
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campusvej 55, Odense M, 5230, Denmark
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5
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Tan SH, Liu S, Teoh SH, Bonnard C, Leavesley D, Liang K. A sustainable strategy for generating highly stable human skin equivalents based on fish collagen. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 158:213780. [PMID: 38280287 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineered skin equivalents are increasingly recognized as potential alternatives to traditional skin models such as human ex vivo skin or animal skin models. However, most of the currently investigated human skin equivalents (HSEs) are constructed using mammalian collagen which can be expensive and difficult to extract. Fish skin is a waste product produced by fish processing industries and identified as a cost-efficient and sustainable source of type I collagen. In this work, we describe a method for generating highly stable HSEs based on fibrin fortified tilapia fish collagen. The fortified fish collagen (FFC) formulation is optimized to enable reproducible fabrication of full-thickness HSEs that undergo limited contraction, facilitating the incorporation of human donor-derived skin cells and formation of biomimetic dermal and epidermal layers. The morphology and barrier function of the FFC HSEs are compared with a commercial skin model and validated with immunohistochemical staining and transepithelial electrical resistance testing. Finally, the potential of a high throughput screening platform with FFC HSE is explored by scaling down its fabrication to 96-well format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hua Tan
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Shaoqiong Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Swee Hin Teoh
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, People's Republic of China
| | - Carine Bonnard
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Singapore
| | | | - Kun Liang
- A*STAR Skin Research Labs (A*SRL), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Singapore.
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6
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Sakamoto H, Nishikawa M, Yamada S. Development of tight junction-strengthening compounds using a high-throughput screening system to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3312. [PMID: 38332234 PMCID: PMC10853544 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53649-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Tight junctions (TJs) are important factors constituting the physical barriers of the skin, and their suppression has been described in various conditions, such as aged skin and atopic dermatitis lesions. However, the methods for improving skin TJ function remain insufficient. Therefore, to obtain compounds that can improve TJ function, we developed a novel high-throughput screening system termed live-cell immunostaining to evaluate cell surface-localized claudin-1 (CLDN1) with high selectivity using normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs). Heparinoid and phospho-pyridoxal (p-Pyr), a metabolite of pyridoxine, were identified as hit compounds. In addition, heparinoid was strongly suggested to increase CLDN1 expression by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor signaling. By contrast, p-Pyr did not enhance CLDN1 expression, but it accelerated the translocation of CLDN1 to the cell surface. Finally, we confirmed that heparinoid and p-Pyr improved barrier function in NHEKs in a transepithelial electrical resistance assay. In conclusion, heparinoid and p-Pyr could potentially ameliorate skin conditions by improving TJ function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Sakamoto
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan
| | - Momoyo Nishikawa
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan
| | - Seigo Yamada
- Research and Development Headquarters, Well-Being Research Laboratories, Lion Corporation, 100 Tajima, Odawara, Kanagawa, 256-0811, Japan.
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7
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Anushree U, Punj P, Vasumathi, Bharati S. Phosphorylated chitosan accelerates dermal wound healing in diabetic wistar rats. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:19-31. [PMID: 36447107 PMCID: PMC9925528 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylated chitosan (PC), a water-soluble derivative of chitosan possesses several biological and chemical properties suitable for diabetic wound healing. In the present study, we report the synthesis and diabetic wound healing capabilities of PC. Elemental analysis, FT-IR, 13C-NMR and 31P-NMR techniques were employed for the chemical characterization of PC. In vitro, antioxidant properties of PC were determined in terms of Fe3+ reducing, metal chelating, lipid peroxidation and superoxide scavenging ability. The wound healing potential of PC was assessed in diabetic excisional wound rat model. PC exhibited good water solubility, and in vitro antioxidant capacity. Wound contraction was higher in PC-treated wounds (91.11%) as compared to untreated wounds (67.26%) on 14th-day post wound creation. Histopathology of PC-treated wounds revealed improved tissue morphology with higher number of fibroblasts, a thicker epithelial layer, enhanced collagen deposits and angiogenesis as compared to untreated wounds. An overall increase of 57% and 25% in hydroxylamine and hexosamine content respectively were noted as compared to untreated wounds. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in SOD activity and a significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in lipid peroxides were recorded in PC-treated wounds as compared to untreated wounds. These observations demonstrated that PC can be used as an effective agent in diabetic wound healing. Illustration of phosphorylated chitosan (PC) synthesis and its wound healing potential: Chitosan was phosphorylated to impart diabetic wound healing properties. Chemical characterizations such as elemental analysis, FT-IR and NMR confirmed successful phosphorylation of chitosan. PC exhibited good in vitro antioxidant properties. To assess the diabetic wound healing potential, an excisional wound model was developed in diabetic rats. PC treatment demonstrated accelerated wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Anushree
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Pratik Punj
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Vasumathi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjay Bharati
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Manipal College of Health Professions, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
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8
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Zhang Y, Shang L, Roffel S, Krom BP, Gibbs S, Deng D. Stable reconstructed human gingiva–microbe interaction model: Differential response to commensals and pathogens. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:991128. [PMID: 36339338 PMCID: PMC9631029 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.991128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To investigate human oral health and disease, models are required which represent the interactions between the oral mucosa and microbiome. Our aim was to develop an organotypic model which maintains viability of both host and microbes for an extended period of time. Methods Reconstructed Human Gingiva (RHG) were cultured air-lifted with or without penicillin-streptomycin (PS) and topically exposed to Streptococcus gordonii (commensal) or Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (pathogen) for 72 hours in agar. RHG histology, viability and cytokines (ELISA), and bacterial viability (colony forming units) and location (FISH) were assessed. Results The low concentration of topically applied agar did not influence RHG viability. Topically applied bacteria in agar remained localized and viable for 72 hours and did not spill over to infect RHG culture medium. PS in RHG culture medium killed topically applied bacteria. Co-culture with living bacteria did not influence RHG viability (Ki67 expression, MTT assay) or histology (epithelium differentiation, Keratin10 expression). RHG exposed to S. gordonii (with or without PS) did not influence low level of IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL5, CCL20 or CXCL1 secretion. However, all cytokines increased (except CCL2) when RHG were co-cultured with A. actinomycetemcomitans. The effect was significantly more in the presence of living, rather than dead, A. actinomycetemcomitans. Both bacteria resulted in increased expression of RHG antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Elafin and HBD-2, with S. gordonii exposure resulting in the most Elafin secretion. Conclusion This technical advance enables living human oral host–microbe interactions to be investigated during a 72-hour period and shows differences in innate immunology triggered by S. gordonii and A. actinomycetemcomitans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Orthodontic, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lin Shang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Sanne Roffel
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Bastiaan P. Krom
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Infection and Immunity Institute, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Dongmei Deng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Dongmei Deng,
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9
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Motter Catarino C, Kaiser K, Baltazar T, Motter Catarino L, Brewer JR, Karande P. Evaluation of native and non-native biomaterials for engineering human skin tissue. Bioeng Transl Med 2022; 7:e10297. [PMID: 36176598 PMCID: PMC9472026 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A variety of human skin models have been developed for applications in regenerative medicine and efficacy studies. Typically, these employ matrix molecules that are derived from non-human sources along with human cells. Key limitations of such models include a lack of cellular and tissue microenvironment that is representative of human physiology for efficacy studies, as well as the potential for adverse immune responses to animal products for regenerative medicine applications. The use of recombinant extracellular matrix proteins to fabricate tissues can overcome these limitations. We evaluated animal- and non-animal-derived scaffold proteins and glycosaminoglycans for the design of biomaterials for skin reconstruction in vitro. Screening of proteins from the dermal-epidermal junction (collagen IV, laminin 5, and fibronectin) demonstrated that certain protein combinations when used as substrates increase the proliferation and migration of keratinocytes compared to the control (no protein). In the investigation of the effect of components from the dermal layer (collagen types I and III, elastin, hyaluronic acid, and dermatan sulfate), the primary influence on the viability of fibroblasts was attributed to the source of type I collagen (rat tail, human, or bovine) used as scaffold. Furthermore, incorporation of dermatan sulfate in the dermal layer led to a reduction in the contraction of tissues compared to the control where the dermal scaffold was composed primarily of collagen type I. This work highlights the influence of the composition of biomaterials on the development of complex reconstructed skin models that are suitable for clinical translation and in vitro safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Motter Catarino
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
| | - Katharina Kaiser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Tânia Baltazar
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
- Present address:
Department of ImmunobiologyYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Luiza Motter Catarino
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
- Department of BiomedicinePositivo UniversityCuritibaBrazil
| | - Jonathan R. Brewer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Southern DenmarkOdenseDenmark
| | - Pankaj Karande
- Howard P. Isermann Department of Chemical and Biological EngineeringRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
- Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary StudiesRensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNew YorkUSA
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10
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Calabrese EJ, Dhawan G, Kapoor R, Agathokleous E, Calabrese V. Hormesis: Wound healing and keratinocytes. Pharmacol Res 2022; 183:106393. [PMID: 35961478 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hormetic dose responses (i.e., a biphasic dose/concentration response characterized by a low dose stimulation and a high dose inhibition) are shown herein to be commonly reported in the dermal wound healing process, with the particular focus on cell viability, proliferation, and migration of human keratinocytes in in vitro studies. Hormetic responses are induced by a wide range of substances, including endogenous agents, numerous drug and nanoparticle preparations and especially plant derived extracts, including many well-known dietary supplements as well as physical stressor agents, such as low-level laser treatments. Detailed mechanistic studies have identified common signaling pathways and their cross-pathway communications that mediate the hormetic dose responses. These findings suggest that the concept of hormesis plays a fundamental role in wound healing, with important potential implications for agent screening and evaluation, as well as clinical strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Calabrese
- Professor of Toxicology; School of Public Health and Health Sciences, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Morrill I, N344, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
| | - Gaurav Dhawan
- Sri Guru Ram Das (SGRD); University of Health Sciences, Amritsar, India.
| | - Rachna Kapoor
- Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center; Hartford, CT, USA.
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology; Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology; Nanjing 210044, China.
| | - Vittorio Calabrese
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, Catania 95123, Italy.
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11
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Marsella R, Ahrens K, Wilkes R. Differences in Behavior between Normal and Atopic Keratinocytes in Culture: Pilot Studies. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9070329. [PMID: 35878346 PMCID: PMC9319359 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9070329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin barrier dysfunction is important in atopic dermatitis and can be secondary to inflammation. Observation of keratinocytes in culture may show intrinsic differences. TransEpithelial Electrical Resistance (TEER) measures epithelial permeability. We cultured normal and atopic keratinocytes and found that TEER of atopic keratinocytes was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than that of normals. Atopic keratinocytes grew upwards, first creating isolated dome-like structures and later horizontally into a monolayer. At time of confluence (D0), atopic keratinocytes were more differentiated, with higher filaggrin gene expression than normals. No differences existed between groups for TJ proteins (claudin, occludin, and Zonula Occludens-1) on D0 and D6. On D6, claudin and occludin were higher than D0, in normal (p = 0.0296 and p = 0.0011) and atopic keratinocytes (p = 0.0348 and 0.0491). Immunofluorescent staining showed nuclear location of filaggrin on D0 and cytoplasmic on D6. ANOVA showed increased cell size from D0 to D6 in both groups (effect of time, p = 0.0076) but no differences between groups. Significant subject effect (p = 0.0022) was found, indicating that cell size was subject-dependent but not disease-dependent. No difference for continuity for TJ protein existed between groups. These observations suggest that decreased TEER in atopics is not linked to TJ differences but is possibly linked to different growth behavior.
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12
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Niehues H, Rikken G, van Vlijmen-Willems IM, Rodijk-Olthuis D, van Erp PE, Zeeuwen PL, Schalkwijk J, van den Bogaard EH. Identification of Keratinocyte Mitogens: Implications for Hyperproliferation in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis. JID INNOVATIONS 2022; 2:100066. [PMID: 35146480 PMCID: PMC8801538 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and atopic dermatitis are chronic inflammatory skin diseases characterized by keratinocyte (KC) hyperproliferation and epidermal acanthosis (hyperplasia). The milieu of disease-associated cytokines and soluble factors is considered a mitogenic factor; however, pinpointing the exact mitogens in this complex microenvironment is challenging. We employed organotypic human epidermal equivalents, faithfully mimicking native epidermal proliferation and stratification, to evaluate the proliferative effects of a broad panel of (literature-based) potential mitogens. The KC GF molecule, the T-helper 2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-13, and the psoriasis-associated cytokine IL-17A caused acanthosis by hyperplasia through a doubling in the number of proliferating KCs. In contrast, IFN-γ lowered proliferation, whereas IL-6, IL-20, IL-22, and oncostatin M induced acanthosis not by hyperproliferation but by hypertrophy. The T-helper 2‒cytokine‒mediated hyperproliferation was Jak/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 dependent, whereas IL-17A and KC GF induced MAPK/extracellular signal‒regulated kinase kinase/extracellular signal‒regulated kinase‒dependent proliferation. This discovery that key regulators in atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are direct KC mitogens not only adds evidence to their crucial role in the pathophysiological processes but also highlights an additional therapeutic pillar for the mode of action of targeting biologicals (e.g., dupilumab) or small-molecule drugs (e.g., tofacitinib) by the normalization of KC turnover within the epidermal compartment.
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Key Words
- 3D, three-dimensional
- AD, atopic dermatitis
- ERK, extracellular signal‒regulated kinase
- EdU, 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine
- HEE, human epidermal equivalent
- KC, keratinocyte
- KGF, keratinocyte GF
- MEK, MAPK/ extracellular signal‒regulated kinase kinase
- STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription
- Th, T helper
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Niehues
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs Rikken
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ivonne M.J.J. van Vlijmen-Willems
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Diana Rodijk-Olthuis
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Piet E.J. van Erp
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick L.J.M. Zeeuwen
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen H. van den Bogaard
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Medical Center (Radboudumc), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (RIMLS), Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Bai L, Ding X, Sun C, Zhou J, Lu J. Effects of gallus epidermal growth factor(gEGF)from chicken embryos on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, immune function and intestinal morphology of broilers. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1976684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luhong Bai
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuansong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianyong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in East China, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, The People’s Republic of China
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Murakami M, Akagi T, Sasano Y, Akashi M. Effect of 3D-Fibroblast Dermis Constructed by Layer-by-Layer Cell Coating Technique on Tight Junction Formation and Function in Full-Thickness Skin Equivalent. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3835-3844. [PMID: 34286576 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human skin equivalents (HSEs) consisting of an epidermis and dermis have been used as promising tools for drug evaluation and for clinical applications in regenerative medicine. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) are essential for the fabrication of HSEs because they play an important role in the maturation of the epidermis. Recently, epidermal tight junctions (TJs), which are complex cell-cell junctions, have attracted much attention as a second barrier and regulator for other barrier functions. In a previous study, we revealed the expression of TJ-related proteins and the time course of formation of TJ structure in the HSE (layer-by-layer (LbL)-three-dimensional (3D) Skin) constructed by layer-by-layer (LbL) cell coating technique that have a unique dermis consisting of NHDFs only (3D-fibroblast dermis). However, the effect of the 3D-fibroblast dermis on the formation of functional epidermal TJs is unknown. In this study, we investigated the effect of the 3D-fibroblast dermis on the expression of TJ-related proteins and TJ function in LbL-3D Skin. We demonstrated that the 3D-fibroblast dermis affects the long-term expression of TJ-related proteins and the formation of TJ with barrier function in the epidermis. These results show that the 3D-fibroblast dermis in LbL-3D Skin contributes to the formation and maintenance of functional TJs as in native human skin by direct contact with KCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Murakami
- Department of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takami Akagi
- Department of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yumi Sasano
- Department of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,Pharma-Medicals Division, Life & Healthcare Products Department, Nagase & Co., Ltd., 2-2-3 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Akashi
- Department of Frontier Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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Endo Y, Yoshida H, Ota Y, Akazawa Y, Sayo T, Hanai U, Imagawa K, Sasaki M, Takahashi Y. Accelerated human epidermal turnover driven by increased hyaluronan production. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 101:123-133. [PMID: 33358097 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyaluronan (HA) is an essential component of extracellular matrix in the skin, but its functions in the epidermis remain elusive. OBJECTIVE We examined the interaction of increased HA production mediated by 1-ethyl-β-N-acetylglucosaminide (β-NAG2), a newly developed highly selective inducer of HA production which is intracellularly converted to UDP-N-acetylglucosamine, a substrate of HA, with epidermal proliferation and differentiation. METHODS The amount, molecular size and epidermal tissue distribution of HA and expression of CD44, a cell surface receptor for HA, were analyzed in β-NAG2-treated organ cultured human skin, reconstructed human skin equivalents or cultured human skin keratinocytes. The relationship between HA and epidermal proliferation or differentiation was examined. RESULTS β-NAG2 significantly increased HA production in the epidermis of skin explants or skin equivalents without affecting molecular size of HA (>2000 kDa) or CD44 mRNA expression. Histochemical experiments revealed that β-NAG2 enhances HA signals in the basal to granular layers of the epidermis of skin equivalents, accompanying increased epidermal stratification. Immunohistochemical experiments demonstrated that signals of Ki67, transglutaminase 1 and filaggrin are increased in β-NAG2-treated skin equivalents, and these observations were confirmed by the data showing that mRNA expression of PCNA, transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) and filaggrin (FLG) is significantly up-regulated by β-NAG2 in skin equivalents. Importantly, blockade of HA production by inhibiting conversion of β-NAG2 to UDP-NAG abolished β-NAG2-mediated up-regulation of PCNA, TGM1 and FLG mRNA expression in cultured keratinocytes. CONCLUSION These results suggest that increased epidermal HA production plays a key role in epidermal morphogenesis and homeostasis by accelerating keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Endo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | | | - Yukiko Ota
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yumiko Akazawa
- Skin Care Products Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Sayo
- Biological Science Research, Kao Corporation, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Ushio Hanai
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kotaro Imagawa
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masashi Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
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Park S, Kang W, Choi D, Son B, Park T. Nonanal Stimulates Growth Factors via Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate (cAMP) Signaling in Human Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218054. [PMID: 33126774 PMCID: PMC7662673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human hair follicle dermal papilla cells (DPCs) are a specialized population of cells located in the hair follicles and regulate hair growth and development, particularly by releasing numerous growth factors in response to various physiological conditions. In the present study, we aimed to test whether nonanal, a scent compound from plants, stimulated growth factors in DPCs and to delineate the underlying mechanisms involved. We found that nonanal promoted DPC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Meanwhile, it also increased the intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and the expression of various growth factor genes such as vascular endothelial growth factor, keratinocyte growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor 1. Furthermore, nonanal treatment stimulated DPC migration. Notably, the benefits of nonanal use were abrogated by cAMP inhibition. Our results reveal the potential of nonanal in preventing hair loss and suggest that its effects are cAMP-mediated in DPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Taesun Park
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2123-3123; Fax: +82-2-365-3118
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Mobasheri A, Choi H, Martín-Vasallo P. Over-Production of Therapeutic Growth Factors for Articular Cartilage Regeneration by Protein Production Platforms and Protein Packaging Cell Lines. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9100330. [PMID: 33050357 PMCID: PMC7599991 DOI: 10.3390/biology9100330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis across the world. Most of the existing drugs for OA treat the symptoms of pain and inflammation. There are no drugs that can dure the disease. There are a number of new treatments for OA including cell therapy and gene therapy. This articles outlines the concept behind TissueGene-C, a new biological drug for OA. This new treatment includes cartilage cells mixed with a genetically modified cell line called GP2-293, which is effectively a “drug factory”, over-producing the growth factors that are important for cartilage regeneration and changing the environment inside joints. The mixture is injected into the affected knee joint. These cells are designed to be short-lived and cannot reproduce. Therefore, after they have done their job, they die and are cleared by immune cells. This is a new and modern approach to treating OA and TissueGene-C is the prototype cell therapy for OA. In the future, it is entirely possible to combine different clones of genetically engineered cells like GP2-293 that have been designed to over-produce a growth factor or biological drug with cells from the cartilage endplate of the intervertebral disc to treat degeneration in the spine. Abstract This review article focuses on the current state-of-the-art cellular and molecular biotechnology for the over-production of clinically relevant therapeutic and anabolic growth factors. We discuss how the currently available tools and emerging technologies can be used for the regenerative treatment of osteoarthritis (OA). Transfected protein packaging cell lines such as GP-293 cells may be used as “cellular factories” for large-scale production of therapeutic proteins and pro-anabolic growth factors, particularly in the context of cartilage regeneration. However, when irradiated with gamma or x-rays, these cells lose their capacity for replication, which makes them safe for use as a live cell component of intra-articular injections. This innovation is already here, in the form of TissueGene-C, a new biological drug that consists of normal allogeneic primary chondrocytes combined with transduced GP2-293 cells that overexpress the growth factor transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). TissueGene-C has revolutionized the concept of cell therapy, allowing drug companies to develop live cells as biological drug delivery systems for direct intra-articular injection of growth factors whose half-lives are in the order of minutes. Therefore, in this paper, we discuss the potential for new innovations in regenerative medicine for degenerative diseases of synovial joints using mammalian protein production platforms, specifically protein packaging cell lines, for over-producing growth factors for cartilage tissue regeneration and give recent examples. Mammalian protein production platforms that incorporate protein packaging eukaryotic cell lines are superior to prokaryotic bacterial expression systems and are likely to have a significant impact on the development of new humanized biological growth factor therapies for treating focal cartilage defects and more generally for the treatment of degenerative joint diseases such as OA, especially when injected directly into the joint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Versus Arthritis Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis Research, Queen’s Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
- Correspondence: or
| | - Heonsik Choi
- Kolon TissueGene, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA;
- Healthcare Research Institute, Kolon Advanced Research Center, Kolon Industries, Inc., Magok-dong, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07793, Korea
| | - Pablo Martín-Vasallo
- UD of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas de Canarias, Universidad de La Laguna, San Cristóbal de La Laguna, 38071 Tenerife, Spain;
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Çetinkaya ÖA, Çelik SU, Erzincan MB, Hazır B, Uncu H. Intralesional epidermal growth factor application is a potential therapeutic strategy to improve diabetic foot ulcer healing and prevent amputation. Turk J Surg 2020; 36:15-22. [PMID: 32637871 DOI: 10.5578/turkjsurg.4541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of intralesional epidermal growth factor (EGF) in preventing the extremity from a major amputation and its effects on wound healing in chronic diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs). Material and Methods Thirty-three patients with DFUs were treated with intralesional EGF application between January 2013 and January 2017. The first endpoint was to determine the prevention rate of major amputation within 12 months following treatment. The second endpoints were the recovery of ulcer surface area with ≥ 50% granulation following two months and the healing of ulcer surface area with ≥ 75% granulation following six months after the first application of EGF. Results After three patients were excluded because of major side effects in the remaining 30 patients (48 DFUs), granulation rate of ≥ 50% was achieved in 24 (37 DFUs) patients, and not achieved in 6 (11 DFUs) patients eight weeks following the EGF application. A granulation rate of ≥ 75% was achieved in 21 (31 DFUs) patients after six months. At 12 months following the treatment, one major and seven minor amputations were performed, a total of 10 DFUs in five patients were not healed, and the DFUs in 17 patients completely recovered. Conclusion Intralesional EGF application has positive results in addition to good foot care in DFUs, and promising results can be obtained by protecting the extremity from amputation by using it in patients whose vascular intervention methods are not appropriate and have DFUs that do not heal with conventional wound care treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Arda Çetinkaya
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Süleyman Utku Çelik
- Clinic of General Surgery, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miraç Barış Erzincan
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Barış Hazır
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hakan Uncu
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
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Laskin JD, Wahler G, Croutch CR, Sinko PJ, Laskin DL, Heck DE, Joseph LB. Skin remodeling and wound healing in the Gottingen minipig following exposure to sulfur mustard. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 115:104470. [PMID: 32445752 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM), a dermal vesicant that has been used in chemical warfare, causes inflammation, edema and epidermal erosions depending on the dose and time following exposure. Herein, a minipig model was used to characterize wound healing following dermal exposure to SM. Saturated SM vapor caps were placed on the dorsal flanks of 3-month-old male Gottingen minipigs for 30 min. After 48 h the control and SM wounded sites were debrided daily for 7 days with wet to wet saline gauze soaks. Animals were then euthanized, and full thickness skin biopsies prepared for histology and immunohistochemistry. Control skin contained a well differentiated epidermis with a prominent stratum corneum. A well-developed eschar covered the skin of SM treated animals, however, the epidermis beneath the eschar displayed significant wound healing with a hyperplastic epidermis. Stratum corneum shedding and a multilayered basal epithelium consisting of cuboidal and columnar cells were also evident in the neoepidermis. Nuclear expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was contiguous in cells along the basal epidermal layer of control and SM exposed skin; SM caused a significant increase in PCNA expression in basal and suprabasal cells. SM exposure was also associated with marked changes in expression of markers of wound healing including increases in keratin 10, keratin 17 and loricrin and decreases in E-cadherin. Trichrome staining of control skin showed a well-developed collagen network with no delineation between the papillary and reticular dermis. Conversely, a major delineation was observed in SM-exposed skin including a web-like papillary dermis composed of filamentous extracellular matrix, and compact collagen fibrils in the lower reticular dermis. Although the dermis below the wound site was disrupted, there was substantive epidermal regeneration following SM-induced injury. Further studies analyzing the wound healing process in minipig skin will be important to provide a model to evaluate potential vesicant countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Rutgers University School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Gabriella Wahler
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | | | - Patrick J Sinko
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America
| | - Diane E Heck
- Department of Environmental Health Science, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States of America
| | - Laurie B Joseph
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States of America.
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20
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Yang Q, Zhang Y, Yin H, Lu Y. Topical Recombinant Human Epidermal Growth Factor for Diabetic Foot Ulcers: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials. Ann Vasc Surg 2020; 62:442-451. [DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2019.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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21
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Pageon H, Azouaoui A, Zucchi H, Ricois S, Tran C, Asselineau D. Potentially beneficial effects of rhamnose on skin ageing: an in vitro and in vivo study. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:213-220. [PMID: 30845349 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent findings showed that skin ageing preferentially affects human papillary dermal fibroblasts suggesting that the papillary dermis represents a critical zone altered by skin ageing. Based on these findings, we investigated the potential anti-ageing effect of rhamnose. METHODS We investigated the potential anti-ageing effect of rhamnose using in vitro reconstructed skin containing fibroblasts obtained either from young or old donors, and in vivo clinical investigation. RESULTS We detected positive effects of rhamnose in both epidermal and dermal compartments of in vitro reconstructed skin. Moreover, we were able to show that such in vitro findings were also obtained in vivo including an effect on collagen IV and procollagen I production. CONCLUSION We provide evidence that rhamnose has a potentially beneficial effect on papillary dermis and dermal-epidermal junction, both of the areas which are affected by skin ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Pageon
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - A Azouaoui
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - H Zucchi
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - S Ricois
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - C Tran
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
| | - D Asselineau
- L'Oréal Research and Innovation, L'Oréal, 1 avenue Eugène Schueller, 93360, Aulnay-sous-Bois, France
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Kahraman M, Misir A, Kizkapan TB, Ozcamdalli M, Uzun E, Mutlu M. The Long-Term Outcomes Following the Application of Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor in Patients With Diabetic Foot Ulcers. J Foot Ankle Surg 2019; 58:282-287. [PMID: 30612874 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor is used as an adjuvant to close the wound in addition to standard care in diabetic foot ulcers. This study aimed to investigate the long-term outcomes after intralesional epidermal growth factor injections in the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. Thirty-six feet of 34 patients (n = 34) with diabetic foot ulcers were included. Patient demographics, Wagner classifications, recurrence and amputation rates, Foot Function Index, Short Form 36, and American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Module scores were evaluated at the final follow-up examination. The mean age was 61.000 ± 13.743 years. The mean duration of wounds was 240.200 ± 146.385 days. A mean of 18.125 ± 4.494 (range 9 to 24) doses were applied. Wound closure was achieved in 33 of the 36 (91.7%) lesions. A complete response (granulation tissue >75% or wound closure) was observed in 29 (87.9%) lesions. The mean time to wound closure was 52.08 ± 10.65 (range 25 to 72) days. At the 5-year follow-up, 4 patients were lost to follow-up because of exitus owing to diabetic complications. Of the remaining 29 patients, 27 were ulcer free. In 2 patients (2 lesions, 6.9%) toe amputation was performed due to ischemic necrosis. The mean Foot Function Index, American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons Foot and Ankle Core Scale, and AAOS Shoe Comfort Scale scores were 55.40 ± 12.15, 65.92 ± 17.56, and 56.42 ± 11.98, respectively. Complete wound healing and a low recurrence and amputation rates could be obtained with intralesional epidermal growth factor added to the standard treatment protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Kahraman
- Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Necip Fazil City Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkey.
| | - Abdulhamit Misir
- Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Sanliurfa Training and Research Hospital, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Turan Bilge Kizkapan
- Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Bursa Cekirge State Hospital, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ozcamdalli
- Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ahi Evran University Faculty of Medicine, Kirsehir, Turkey
| | - Erdal Uzun
- Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ordu University Faculty of Medicine, Ordu, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Mutlu
- Professor, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medicana Bahcelievler Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Chang HC, Huang DY, Wu NL, Kannagi R, Wang LF, Lin WW. BLIMP1 transcriptionally induced by EGFR activation and post-translationally regulated by proteasome and lysosome is involved in keratinocyte differentiation, migration and inflammation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 92:151-161. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Hübner J, Raschke M, Rütschle I, Gräßle S, Hasenberg T, Schirrmann K, Lorenz A, Schnurre S, Lauster R, Maschmeyer I, Steger-Hartmann T, Marx U. Simultaneous evaluation of anti-EGFR-induced tumour and adverse skin effects in a microfluidic human 3D co-culture model. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15010. [PMID: 30301942 PMCID: PMC6177413 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody therapies targeting the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) are being increasingly applied in cancer therapy. However, increased tumour containment correlates proportionally with the severity of well-known adverse events in skin. The prediction of the latter is not currently possible in conventional in vitro systems and limited in existing laboratory animal models. Here we established a repeated dose “safficacy” test assay for the simultaneous generation of safety and efficacy data. Therefore, a commercially available multi-organ chip platform connecting two organ culture compartments was adapted for the microfluidic co-culture of human H292 lung cancer microtissues and human full-thickness skin equivalents. Repeated dose treatment of the anti-EGFR-antibody cetuximab showed an increased pro-apoptotic related gene expression in the tumour microtissues. Simultaneously, proliferative keratinocytes in the basal layer of the skin microtissues were eliminated, demonstrating crucial inhibitory effects on the physiological skin cell turnover. Furthermore, antibody exposure modulated the release of CXCL8 and CXCL10, reflecting the pattern changes seen in antibody-treated patients. The combination of a metastatic tumour environment with a miniaturized healthy organotypic human skin equivalent make this “safficacy” assay an ideal tool for evaluation of the therapeutic index of EGFR inhibitors and other promising oncology candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Hübner
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany. .,TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marian Raschke
- Bayer AG, Investigational Toxicology, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sarah Gräßle
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany.,TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Kerstin Schirrmann
- The University of Manchester, Manchester Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics, Oxford Rd, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | | | | | - Roland Lauster
- Technische Universität Berlin, Institute of Biotechnology, Department Medical Biotechnology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Uwe Marx
- TissUse GmbH, Oudenarder Str. 16, 13347, Berlin, Germany
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25
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Stem cells in middle ear cholesteatoma contribute to its pathogenesis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6204. [PMID: 29670222 PMCID: PMC5906547 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24616-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a potentially life-threatening middle ear lesion due to the formation of an inflamed ectopic mass of keratinizing squamous epithelium. Surgical removal remains the only treatment option, emphasizing the need to gain a better understanding of this severe disease. We show for the first time that stem cells residing in cholesteatoma tissue contribute to disease progression. Cells expressing the “stemness” markers Nestin and S100B were detected in middle ear cholesteatoma and auditory canal skin. Isolated Nestin + /S100B + -cells showed the capability for self-renewal, neurosphere formation and differentiation into mesodermal and ectodermal cell types. Compared to auditory canal skin stem cells middle ear cholesteatoma-derived stem cells displayed an enhanced susceptibility to inflammatory stimuli, and this suggested a possible contribution to the inflammatory environment in cholesteatoma tissue. Cholesteatoma derived stem cells were able to differentiate into keratinocyte-like cells using factors mimicking the microenvironment of cholesteatoma. Our findings demonstrate a new perspective on the pathogenesis of cholesteatoma and may lead to new treatment strategies for this severe middle ear lesion.
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Choi BBR, Choi JH, Ji J, Song KW, Lee HJ, Kim GC. Increment of growth factors in mouse skin treated with non-thermal plasma. Int J Med Sci 2018; 15:1203-1209. [PMID: 30123058 PMCID: PMC6097260 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.26342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-thermal plasma (NTP) has several beneficial effects, and can be applied as a novel instrument for skin treatment. Recently, many types of NTP have been developed for potential medical or clinical applications, but their direct effects on skin activation remain unclear. In this study, the effect of NTP on the alteration of mouse skin tissue was analyzed. After NTP treatment, there were no signs of tissue damage in mouse skin, whereas significant increases in epidermal thickness and dermal collagen density were detected. Furthermore, treatment with NTP increased the expression of various growth factors, including TGF-α, TGF-β, VEGF, GM-CSF, and EGF, in skin tissue. Therefore, NTP treatment on skin induces the expression of growth factors without causing damage, a phenomenon that might be directly linked to epidermal expansion and dermal tissue remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byul Bo Ra Choi
- Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hae Choi
- Feagle Co., Ltd., Yangsan 50614, Republic of Korea.,Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Ji
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Won Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae June Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo Cheon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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27
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Choi JH, Song YS, Song K, Lee HJ, Hong JW, Kim GC. Skin renewal activity of non-thermal plasma through the activation of β-catenin in keratinocytes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6146. [PMID: 28733577 PMCID: PMC5522407 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06661-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
For recent years, devices that generate non-thermal plasma (NTP) have been introduced into the field of dermatology. Since NTP has demonstrated strong anti-pathogenic activity with safety of use, NTP was first applied to sterilize the skin surface to aid in the healing of various kinds of skin diseases. However, the effect of NTP on skin regeneration has not yet been fully explored. In this study, the effect of NTP on the growth of keratinocytes was tested using the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line and HRM2 hairless mice. Treatment with NTP allowed confluent keratinocytes to escape from G1 cell cycle arrest and increased the proportion of cells in S and G2 phases. In particular, NTP treatment immediately dispersed E-cadherin-mediated cell-to-cell interactions, resulting in the translocation of β-catenin to the nucleus and leading to the enhanced transcription of target genes including c-MYC and cyclin D1. Moreover, repeated treatment of the mice with NTP also stimulated epidermal expansion by activating β-catenin in the epidermal cells. The symptoms of cellular DNA damage were not detected after NTP treatment. Taken together, these results demonstrate that NTP may be employed as a new type of skin regenerating device.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - Y S Song
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea
| | - K Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - H J Lee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea
| | - J W Hong
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
- (Bio)medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea.
| | - G C Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan, South Korea.
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Coolen NA, Verkerk M, Reijnen L, Vlig M, Van Den Bogaerdt AJ, Breetveld M, Gibbs S, Middelkoop E, Ulrich MMW. Culture of Keratinocytes for Transplantation without the Need of Feeder Layer Cells. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:649-661. [DOI: 10.3727/000000007783465046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with large burn wounds have a limited amount of healthy donor skin. An alternative for the autologous skin graft is transplantation with autologous keratinocytes. Conventionally, the keratinocytes are cultured with mouse feeder layer cells in medium containing fetal calf serum (FCS) to obtain sufficient numbers of cells. These xenobiotic materials can be a potential risk for the patient. The aim of the present study was to investigate if keratinocytes could be expanded in culture without the need of a feeder layer and FCS. Keratinocytes were cultured on tissue culture plastic with or without collagen type IV coating in medium containing Ultroser G (serum substitute) and keratinocyte growth factor (KGF). An in vitro skin equivalent model was used to examine the capacity of these cells to form an epidermis. Keratinocytes in different passages (P2, P4, and P6) and freshly isolated cells were studied. Keratinocytes grown on collagen type IV were able to form an epidermis at higher passage numbers than cells grown in the absence of collagen type IV (P4 and P2, respectively). In both cases the reconstructed epidermis showed an increased expression of Ki-67, SKALP, involucrin, and keratin 17 compared to normal skin. Only 50,000 keratinocytes grown on collagen type IV in P4 were needed to form 1 cm2 epidermis, whereas 150,000 of freshly isolated keratinocytes were necessary. Using this culture technique sufficient numbers of keratinocytes, isolated from 1 cm2 skin, were obtained to cover 400 cm2 of wound surface in 2 weeks. The results show that keratinocytes can be cultured without the need of a fibroblast feeder layer and FCS and that these cells are still able to create a fully differentiated epidermis. This culture technique can be a valuable tool for the treatment of burn wounds and further development of tissue engineered skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeltje A. Coolen
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Verkerk
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Linda Reijnen
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Vlig
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
| | | | - Melanie Breetveld
- Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Esther Middelkoop
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, VU University Medical Centre, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Magda M. W. Ulrich
- Association of Dutch Burns Centres, 1940 EA Beverwijk, The Netherlands
- Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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29
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Ertugrul BM, Lipsky BA, Guvenc U. An Assessment of Intralesional Epidermal Growth Factor for Treating Diabetic Foot Wounds The First Experiences in Turkey. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2017; 107:17-29. [PMID: 28271944 DOI: 10.7547/15-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intralesional epidermal growth factor (EGF) has been available as a medication in Turkey since 2012. We present the results of our experience using intralesional EGF in Turkey for patients with diabetic foot wounds. METHODS A total of 174 patients from 25 Turkish medical centers were evaluated for this retrospective study. We recorded the data on enrolled individuals on custom-designed patient follow-up forms. Patients received intralesional injections of 75 μg of EGF three times per week and were monitored daily for adverse reactions to treatment. Patients were followed up for varying periods after termination of EGF treatments. RESULTS Median treatment duration was 4 weeks, and median frequency of EGF administration was 12 doses. Complete response (granulation tissue >75% or wound closure) was observed in 116 patients (66.7%). Wounds closed with only EGF administration in 81 patients (46.6%) and in conjunction with various surgical interventions after EGF administration in 65 patients (37.3%). Overall, 146 of the wounds (83.9%) were closed at the end of therapy. Five patients (2.9%) required major amputation. Adverse effects were reported in 97 patients (55.7%). CONCLUSIONS In patients with diabetic foot ulcer who received standard care, additional intralesional EGF application after infection control provided high healing rates with low amputation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulent M. Ertugrul
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Benjamin A. Lipsky
- University of Washington (Emeritus); Department of Medicine, University of Geneva; University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ulas Guvenc
- Department of Dermatology, Tarsus Medical Park Hospital, Icel, Turkey
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Santos ML, Borges AA, Neta LBQ, Santos MV, Oliveira MF, Silva AR, Pereira AF. In vitro culture of somatic cells derived from ear tissue of collared peccary (Pecari tajacu Linnaeus, 1758) in medium with different requirements. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2016001200010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: The maintenance of metabolic activities during the in vitro culture of somatic cells of wild animals, especially collared peccary (Pecari tajacu), is an interesting step in conservation of these cells for the use in nuclear transfer. In this context, it is necessary to optimize the culture conditions of somatic cells by the establishment of appropriate supplementation to the media. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the composition of the culture means of somatic cell derived from ear tissue of collared peccaries, evaluating concentrations of fetal bovine serum (FBS; 10% vs. 20%) and epidermal growth factor (EGF; 5ng/mL vs. 10ng/mL). Tissues were submitted to primary culture and subcultures for 40 days and cells were analyzed for morphology, adhesion, subconfluence, and proliferative activity to develop the growth curve and to determine the population doubling time (PDT), viability, and functional/metabolic activity. No difference was observed between the concentrations of FBS for several parameters, except for viability [FBS10: 85.6% vs. FBS20: 98.2%], PDT [FBS10: 155.4h vs. 77.2h], and functional/metabolic assay [FBS10: 0.57-0.55 vs. FBS20: 0.82-0.99 (D5-D7)]. For the EGF in culture, no difference was observed in the evaluated parameters. In all experiments, the growth curves were typical S-shape and the cells passed through a lag, logarithmic, and plateau phase. In conclusion, 20% FBS is suitable for the recovery of somatic cells; nevertheless, EGF does not improve the quality of growing these cells. To our knowledge, this is the first study culturing somatic cells of collared peccaries.
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31
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Hierarchy of cellular decisions in collective behavior: Implications for wound healing. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20139. [PMID: 26832302 PMCID: PMC4735862 DOI: 10.1038/srep20139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Collective processes such as wound re-epithelialization result from the integration of individual cellular decisions. To determine which individual cell behaviors represent the most promising targets to engineer re-epithelialization, we examined collective and individual responses of HaCaT keratinocytes seeded upon polyacrylamide gels of three stiffnesses (1, 30, and 100 kPa) and treated with a range of epidermal growth factor (EGF) doses. Wound closure was found to increase with substrate stiffness, but was responsive to EGF treatment only above a stiffness threshold. Individual cell behaviors were used to create a partial least squares regression model to predict the hierarchy of factors driving wound closure. Unexpectedly, cell area and persistence were found to have the strongest correlation to the observed differences in wound closure. Meanwhile, the model predicted a relatively weak correlation between wound closure with proliferation, and the unexpectedly minor input from proliferation was successfully tested with inhibition by aphidicolin. Combined, these results suggest that the poor clinical results for growth factor-based therapies for chronic wounds may result from a disconnect between the individual cellular behaviors targeted in these approaches and the resulting collective response. Additionally, the stiffness-dependency of EGF sensitivity suggests that therapies matched to microenvironmental characteristics will be more efficacious.
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Reijnders CMA, van Lier A, Roffel S, Kramer D, Scheper RJ, Gibbs S. Development of a Full-Thickness Human Skin Equivalent In Vitro Model Derived from TERT-Immortalized Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:2448-59. [PMID: 26135533 PMCID: PMC4554934 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2015.0139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, human skin equivalents (HSEs) used for in vitro assays (e.g., for wound healing) make use of primary human skin cells. Limitations of primary keratinocytes and fibroblasts include availability of donor skin and donor variation. The use of physiologically relevant cell lines could solve these limitations. The aim was to develop a fully differentiated HSE constructed entirely from human skin cell lines, which could be applied for in vitro wound-healing assays. Skin equivalents were constructed from human TERT-immortalized keratinocytes and fibroblasts (TERT-HSE) and compared with native skin and primary HSEs. HSEs were characterized by hematoxylin–eosin and immunohistochemical stainings with markers for epidermal proliferation and differentiation, basement membrane (BM), fibroblasts, and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Ultrastructure was determined with electron microscopy. To test the functionality of the TERT-HSE, burn and cold injuries were applied, followed by immunohistochemical stainings, measurement of reepithelialization, and determination of secreted wound-healing mediators. The TERT-HSE was composed of a fully differentiated epidermis and a fibroblast-populated dermis comparable to native skin and primary HSE. The epidermis consisted of proliferating keratinocytes within the basal layer, followed by multiple spinous layers, a granular layer, and cornified layers. Within the TERT-HSE, the membrane junctions such as corneosomes, desmosomes, and hemidesmosomes were well developed as shown by ultrastructure pictures. Furthermore, the BM consisted of a lamina lucida and lamina densa comparable to native skin. The dermal matrix of the TERT-HSE was more similar to native skin than the primary construct, since collagen III, an ECM marker, was present in TERT-HSEs and absent in primary HSEs. After wounding, the TERT-HSE was able to reepithelialize and secrete inflammatory wound-healing mediators. In conclusion, the novel TERT-HSE, constructed entirely from human cell lines, provides an excellent opportunity to study in vitro skin biology and can also be used for drug targeting and testing new therapeutics, and ultimately, for incorporating into skin-on-a chip in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amanda van Lier
- 1 Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne Roffel
- 1 Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Duco Kramer
- 2 Department of Dermatology, University Medical Centre Groningen , Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rik J Scheper
- 3 Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Gibbs
- 1 Department of Dermatology, VU University Medical Centre , Amsterdam, The Netherlands .,4 Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam , Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Gomez-Villa R, Aguilar-Rebolledo F, Lozano-Platonoff A, Teran-Soto JM, Fabian-Victoriano MR, Kresch-Tronik NS, Garrido-Espíndola X, Garcia-Solis A, Bondani-Guasti A, Bierzwinsky-Sneider G, Contreras-Ruiz J. Efficacy of intralesional recombinant human epidermal growth factor in diabetic foot ulcers in Mexican patients: a randomized double-blinded controlled trial. Wound Repair Regen 2015; 22:497-503. [PMID: 25041620 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The healing process in diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is hindered by factors such as chronic inflammation, defects in fibroblast function, poor angiogenesis, and lack of cell migration. Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF) has been shown to enhance extracellular matrix formation, cellular proliferation, and angiogenesis. Therefore, intralesional application of rhEGF in DFU could accelerate wound healing. Our objective was to determine the efficacy and safety of rhEGF in patients with DFU. A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study was conducted comparing a thrice-per-week intralesional application of rhEGF (75 μg) or placebo in patients with DFU for 8 weeks. The number of completely healed ulcers, size, and wound bed characteristics were evaluated to determine the efficacy of rhEGF. Adverse events were recorded and analyzed to establish its safety. A total of 34 patients were recruited for the study. After three dropouts, we were able to follow and analyze 16 patients in the placebo group and 15 patients in the rhEGF study to the end of the trial. Baseline testing showed that both groups were similar. Compared to the placebo group, more ulcers achieved complete healing in the rhEGF group (rhEGF, n = 4; placebo, n = 0; p = 0.033); ulcers in the rhEGF group decreased in area size (12.5 cm2 [rhEGF] vs. 5.2 cm2 [placebo]; p = 0.049); and more epithelial islands in the wound bed were present (28% vs. 3%; p = 0.025). Mild transitory dizziness was the only side effect that was more frequently noted in the rhEGF group. Our results showed that in patients with DFU who received standard care, intralesional rhEGF application resulted in complete healing in more patients, promoted the epithelialization of the wound bed, and significantly reduced the area of the DFU treated. Therefore, rhEGF resulted in better outcomes for patients suffering from DFU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Gomez-Villa
- Interdisciplinary Wound and Ostomy Care Center, Division of Dermatology, Dr. Manuel Gea Gonzalez General Hospital, Mexico City, Mexico
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Skin Fragility and Impaired Desmosomal Adhesion in Mice Lacking All Keratins. J Invest Dermatol 2014; 134:1012-1022. [DOI: 10.1038/jid.2013.416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Molina-Pinelo S, Gutiérrez G, Pastor MD, Hergueta M, Moreno-Bueno G, García-Carbonero R, Nogal A, Suárez R, Salinas A, Pozo-Rodríguez F, Lopez-Rios F, Agulló-Ortuño MT, Ferrer I, Perpiñá A, Palacios J, Carnero A, Paz-Ares L. MicroRNA-dependent regulation of transcription in non-small cell lung cancer. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90524. [PMID: 24625834 PMCID: PMC3953115 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Squamous cell lung cancer (SCC) and adenocarcinoma are the most common histological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and have been traditionally managed in the clinic as a single entity. Increasing evidence, however, illustrates the biological diversity of these two histological subgroups of lung cancer, and supports the need to improve our understanding of the molecular basis beyond the different phenotypes if we aim to develop more specific and individualized targeted therapy. The purpose of this study was to identify microRNA (miRNA)-dependent transcriptional regulation differences between SCC and adenocarcinoma histological lung cancer subtypes. In this work, paired miRNA (667 miRNAs by TaqMan Low Density Arrays (TLDA)) and mRNA profiling (Whole Genome 44 K array G112A, Agilent) was performed in tumor samples of 44 NSCLC patients. Nine miRNAs and 56 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed in SCC versus adenocarcinoma samples. Eleven of these 56 mRNA were predicted as targets of the miRNAs identified to be differently expressed in these two histological conditions. Of them, 6 miRNAs (miR-149, miR-205, miR-375, miR-378, miR-422a and miR-708) and 9 target genes (CEACAM6, CGN, CLDN3, ABCC3, MLPH, ACSL5, TMEM45B, MUC1) were validated by quantitative PCR in an independent cohort of 41 lung cancer patients. Furthermore, the inverse correlation between mRNAs and microRNAs expression was also validated. These results suggest miRNA-dependent transcriptional regulation differences play an important role in determining key hallmarks of NSCLC, and may provide new biomarkers for personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Molina-Pinelo
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - Maria Dolores Pastor
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Marta Hergueta
- Biochemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- IdiPAZ (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz) & Fundación MD Anderson International, Madrid Spain
| | - Gema Moreno-Bueno
- Biochemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas ‘Alberto Sols’ CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
- IdiPAZ (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz) & Fundación MD Anderson International, Madrid Spain
| | - Rocío García-Carbonero
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Nogal
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
| | - Rocío Suárez
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Ana Salinas
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | - Francisco Pozo-Rodríguez
- Service of Neumology, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Lopez-Rios
- Pathology Department, Laboratorio de Dianas Terapéuticas, Centro Integral Oncológico Clara Campal, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Irene Ferrer
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
| | | | - José Palacios
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Molecular Biology of Cancer Group, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS)/(HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Seville, Spain
| | - Luis Paz-Ares
- Molecular Oncology and New Therapies Group. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS) (HUVR, CSIC, Universidad de Sevilla), Sevilla, Spain
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Ker-Woon C, Ghafar NA, Hui CK, Yusof YAM, Luan NS. Proliferative Capacity of in Vitro Corneal Epithelium: Role of Acacia Honey in the Initial Step of Wound Healing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.12720/jomb.3.2.107-112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Ultrastructural changes in blood vessels in epidermal growth factor treated experimental cutaneous wound model. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 209:710-5. [PMID: 24011796 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 07/18/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on blood vessels, specifically on the development of intussusceptive angiogenesis in cutaneous wound healing. Excisional wounds were formed on both sides of the medulla spinalis in dorsal location of the rats. The control and EGF-treated groups were divided into two groups with respect to sacrifice day: 5 d and 7 d. EGF was topically applied to the EGF-treated group once a day. The wound tissue was removed from rats, embedded in araldite and paraffin, and then examined under transmission electron and light microscopes. The ultrastructural signs of intussusceptive angiogenesis, such as intraluminal protrusion of endothelial cells and formation of the contact zone of opposite endothelial cells, were observed in the wound. Our statistical analyses, based on light microscopy observations, also confirm that EGF treatment induces intussusceptive angiogenesis. Moreover, we found that induction of EGF impact on intussusceptive angiogenesis is higher on the 7th day of treatment than on the 5th day. This implies that the duration of EGF treatment is important. This research clarifies the effects of EGF on the vessels and proves that EGF induces intussusceptive angiogenesis, being a newer model with respect to sprouting type.
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Upregulation of phosphorylated HSP27, PRDX2, GRP75, GRP78 and GRP94 in acquired middle ear cholesteatoma growth. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:14439-59. [PMID: 23852020 PMCID: PMC3742253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms140714439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2013] [Revised: 06/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesteatoma is a destructive and expanding growth of keratinizing squamous epithelium in the middle ear or petrous apex. The molecular and cellular processes of the pathogenesis of acquired middle ear cholesteatoma have not been fully understood. In this study, comparative proteomic analysis was conducted to investigate the roles of specific proteins in the pathways regarding keratinocyte proliferation in cholesteatoma. The differential proteins were detected by comparing the two-dimension electrophoresis (2-DE) maps of the epithelial tissues of 12 attic cholesteatomas with those of retroauricular skins. There were 14 upregulated proteins in the epithelial tissues of cholesteatoma in comparison with retroauricular skin. The modulation of five crucial proteins, HSP27, PRDX2, GRP75, GRP78 and GRP94, was further determined by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Phosphorylation of HSP27 at Ser-82 was identified by mass spectroscopy. The results of this study suggested that phosphorylated HSP27 is the end expression of two potential signal-transduction pathways, and together with PRDX2, they are very likely involved in the proliferation of keratinocytes in cholesteatoma. Upregulations of GRP75, GRP78 and GRP94 in keratinocytes may be able to counter endoplasmic reticulum stress, to inhibit cell apoptosis, to prevent protein unfolding and to promote cholesteatoma growth.
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Paracrine loop of keratinocyte proliferation and directed neuritic outgrowth in a neuroepithelial coculture. Ann Plast Surg 2013; 70:162-7. [PMID: 23328123 DOI: 10.1097/spa.0b013e318276d946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
In the absence of skin innervation, wound healing is delayed and chronic nonhealing wounds may occur. Keratinocytes produce neurotrophic factors, such as nerve growth factor (NGF), which has been suggested to attract primary cutaneous afferent axons and exert mitogenic effects on keratinocytes. The present study was performed to examine the interaction of primary human keratinocytes (hKTs) and rat cutaneous primary afferent dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons with regard to neuritic outgrowth and keratinocyte proliferation. Neuritic outgrowth was assessed with neurofilament immunostaining where cell bodies and fine neuritic processes were identified. Neuritic outgrowth of neurons alone in culture is spatially random and radial. Neurites in cocultures of DRG neurons insinuated between the hKTs and grew to "clumps" of hKTs within the cultures. Immunostaining with anti-NGF antibody indicates that hKTs expressed the neurotrophin NGF. Proliferation of keratinocytes was significantly enhanced in coculture with DRG and hKT, and NGF levels were increased as compared to DRG or hKT culture alone. These results indicate a dynamic interaction between DRG neurons and hKTs whereby the DRG neurons issue neurites in association with hKTs and the hKTs up-regulate NGF and increase their proliferation rate. These findings support the hypothesis that nerve-skin interactions play a significant role in wound healing.
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SHEN LI, LI XING, SHAN BAOEN, ZHANG LI, GONG YANJUN, DONG ZHIMING, WANG ZHIYU. Therapeutic effect of compound of White Peony Root Oral Liquids on radiation-induced esophageal toxicity via the expression of EGF and TGF-β1. Biomed Rep 2013; 1:308-314. [PMID: 24648940 PMCID: PMC3956250 DOI: 10.3892/br.2012.51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The predominant pathological processes of radiation-induced esophageal toxicity include inflammatory reactions in the early stage and the fibrotic process in the late stage. An increased expression of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is capable of reducing inflammatory reactions and TGF-β1 is considered responsible for the initiation, development and persistence of fibrosis. In the present study, we investigated in vivo the therapeutic effect of the compound of white peony root oral liquids (cWPROL) on reducing the toxicity via modulating the expression levels of EGF and TGF-β1. Adult male Wistar rats were treated and tissue sections were obtained. The tissue sections were stained using histological, Masson and immunohistochemical staining. The results revealed that cWPROL had a higher rate of repairing damaged structures compared with the control group. In addition, immunohistochemistry showed that although cWPROL and the mixture of lidocaine, dexamethasone and gentamycin (mLDG) induced levels of EGF and TGF-β1 expression, there were differences between the two types of intervention. These results are significant for understanding that the mechanism of therapeutic effect of cWPROL varied to some extent from that of mLDG.
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Affiliation(s)
- LI SHEN
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Hospital of the Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050031
| | - XING LI
- Department of Biotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011
| | - BAOEN SHAN
- Centre of Scientific Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011
| | - LI ZHANG
- Centre of Scientific Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011
| | - YANJUN GONG
- Centre of HMO Administrator of Shijiazhuang, The First Hospital of the Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050031,
P.R. China
| | - ZHIMING DONG
- Centre of Scientific Research, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011
| | - ZHIYU WANG
- Department of Biotherapy, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011
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Duval C, Chagnoleau C, Pouradier F, Sextius P, Condom E, Bernerd F. Human skin model containing melanocytes: essential role of keratinocyte growth factor for constitutive pigmentation-functional response to α-melanocyte stimulating hormone and forskolin. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2012; 18:947-57. [PMID: 22646688 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2011.0676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
To study human skin pigmentation in a physiological in vitro model, we developed a pigmented reconstructed skin reproducing the three-dimensional architecture of the melanocyte environment and the interactions of melanocyte with its cellular partners, keratinocytes, and fibroblasts. Co-seeding melanocytes and keratinocytes onto a fibroblast-populated collagen matrix led to a correct integration of melanocytes within the epidermal basal layer, but melanocytes remained amelanotic even after supplementation with promelanogenic factors. Interestingly, normalization of keratinocyte differentiation using keratinocyte growth factor instead of epidermal growth factor finally allowed an active pigmentary system to develop, as shown by the expression of key melanogenic markers, the production, and transfer of melanosome-containing melanin into keratinocytes. Various degrees of constitutive pigmentation were reproduced using melanocytes from different skin phenotypes. Furthermore, induction of pigmentation was achieved by treatment with known propigmenting molecules, αMSH and forskolin, thus demonstrating the functionality of the pigmentary system. This pigmented full-thickness skin model therefore represents a highly relevant tool to study the role of cell-cell, cell-matrix, and mesenchymal-epithelial interactions in the control of skin pigmentation.
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42
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Fatimah SS, Tan GC, Chua KH, Tan AE, Hayati AR. Effects of epidermal growth factor on the proliferation and cell cycle regulation of cultured human amnion epithelial cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2012; 114:220-7. [PMID: 22578596 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2012.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Human amnion epithelial cells (HAECs) hold great promise in tissue engineering for regenerative medicine. Large numbers of HAECs are required for this purpose. Hence, exogenous growth factor is added to the culture medium to improve epithelial cells proliferation. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) on the proliferation and cell cycle regulation of cultured HAECs. HAECs at P1 were cultured for 7 days in medium containing an equal volume mix of HAM's F12: Dulbecco's Modified Eagles Medium (1:1) supplemented with different concentrations of EGF (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 ng/ml EGF) in reduced serum. Morphology, growth kinetics and cell cycle analysis using flow cytometry were assessed. Quantitative gene expression for cell cycle control genes, pluripotent transcription factors, epithelial genes and neuronal genes were also determined. EGF enhanced HAECs proliferation with optimal concentration at 10 ng/ml EGF. EGF significantly increased the proportion of HAECs at S- and G2/M-phase of the cell cycle compared to the control. At the end of culture, HAECs remained as diploid cells under cell cycle analysis. EGF significantly decreased the mRNA expression of p21, pRb, p53 and GADD45 in cultured HAECs. EGF also significantly decreased the pluripotent genes expression: Oct-3/4, Sox2 and Nanog; epithelial genes expression: CK14, p63, CK1 and Involucrin; and neuronal gene expression: NSE, NF-M and MAP 2. The results suggested that EGF is a strong mitogen that promotes the proliferation of HAECs through cell cycle regulation. EGF did not promote HAECs differentiation or pluripotent genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simat Siti Fatimah
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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43
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HUANG YICHAU, WANG TZUWEI, SUN JUISHENG, LIN FENGHUEI. EFFECT OF CALCIUM ION CONCENTRATION ON KERATINOCYTE BEHAVIORS IN THE DEFINED MEDIA. BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING-APPLICATIONS BASIS COMMUNICATIONS 2012. [DOI: 10.4015/s1016237206000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Calcium ion concentration is proposed to be involved in the regulation of the proliferative capacity of keratinocytes, based on its significant actions in the skin. These actions are mediated by Ca2+ influx and inhibition of cell proliferation. To define Ca2+ action in the keratinocyte we investigated its effects on the proliferation and differentiation using the primary keratinocytes model. Primary keratinocytes were incubated in DMEM (containing 1.2mM calcium ion concentration) or DK11 medium (containing 0.4 mM calcium ion concentration) or K medium (containing 0.03mM calcium ion concentration). Cell viability was assessed with the MTT assay. Crystal violet assay was evaluated the proliferation rate and colony formation size of keratinocyte. Real-time PCR used to determine the terminal differentiated keratinocyte which expressed Caspase-14. Proliferation assays and real°Vtime PCR were correlated with either proliferation or differentiation in cultured human skin epidermal keratinocytes. High Ca2+ concentration was inhibited the cell viability and proliferation rate of keratinocyte. Ca2+ also increased caspases-14 expression, and inhibited cell viability, and cell colony forming efficiency. These results are consistent with Ca2+ induction of the keratinocyte differentiation. Thus, the overall Ca2+ actions connote protective functions for the epidermis that appear to include the triggering or acceleration of the differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- YI-CHAU HUANG
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Engineering, National University, Taiwan
| | - TZU-WEI WANG
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Engineering, National University, Taiwan
| | - JUI-SHENG SUN
- Institute of Rehabilitation Science and Technology, National Yang-Ming University, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taipei Municipal Yang-Ming Hospital, Taiwan
| | - FENG-HUEI LIN
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and Engineering, National University, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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44
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Tran QT, Kennedy LH, Leon Carrion S, Bodreddigari S, Goodwin SB, Sutter CH, Sutter TR. EGFR regulation of epidermal barrier function. Physiol Genomics 2012; 44:455-69. [PMID: 22395315 PMCID: PMC3339861 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00176.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Keratinocyte terminal differentiation is the process that ultimately forms the epidermal barrier that is essential for mammalian survival. This process is controlled, in part, by signal transduction and gene expression mechanisms, and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is known to be an important regulator of multiple epidermal functions. Using microarray analysis of a confluent cell density-induced model of keratinocyte differentiation, we identified 2,676 genes that are regulated by epidermal growth factor (EGF), a ligand of the EGFR. We further discovered, and separately confirmed by functional assays, that EGFR activation abrogates all of the known essential processes of keratinocyte differentiation by 1) decreasing the expression of lipid matrix biosynthetic enzymes, 2) regulating numerous genes forming the cornified envelope, and 3) suppressing the expression of tight junction proteins. In organotypic cultures of skin, EGF acted to impair epidermal barrier integrity, as shown by increased transepidermal water loss. As defective epidermal differentiation and disruption of barrier function are primary features of many human skin diseases, we used bioinformatic analyses to identify genes that are known to be associated with skin diseases. Compared with non-EGF-regulated genes, EGF-regulated genes were significantly enriched for skin disease genes. These results provide a systems-level understanding of the actions of EGFR signaling to inhibit keratinocyte differentiation, providing new insight into the role of EGFR imbalance in skin pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quynh T Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee 38152,USA
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45
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Li C, Yin T, Dong N, Dong F, Fang X, Qu YL, Tan Y, Wu H, Liu Z, Li W. Oxygen tension affects terminal differentiation of corneal limbal epithelial cells. J Cell Physiol 2011; 226:2429-37. [PMID: 21660966 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.22591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Oxygen concentration has been shown to be crucial in the proliferation and differentiation of various types of cells, while the impact of oxygen tension on the lineage commitment of epithelial cells remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on the differentiation of corneal limbal epithelium using an ex vivo squamous metaplasia model. Under normoxic conditions when exposed to air, the hyperproliferation and abnormal epidermal-like differentiation of human corneal limbal epithelium was induced, whereas when exposed to air under hypoxic conditions, although we observed augmented proliferation, the abnormal differentiation was inhibited. The Notch signaling pathway was activated in hypoxic cultures, whereas the p38 MAPK signaling pathway was downregulated. The addition of Notch inhibitor under hypoxic conditions restored the activation of p38 MAPK and resulted in the recidivation of limbal epithelial cells to epidermal-like differentiation. Moreover, the epidermal-like differentiation of rabbit limbal epithelial cells was also blocked under hypoxic conditions in corneal epithelial cell sheets engineered ex vivo. We concluded that hypoxia can prevent abnormal differentiation while enhancing the proliferation of corneal limbal epithelial cells. Hypoxia coupled with air exposure can be used in the tissue engineering of corneal limbal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Li
- Eye Institute & Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Xiamen University Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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46
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Cryobanking the genetic diversity in the critically endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) from skin biopsies. Investigating the cryopreservation and culture ability of highly valuable explants and cells. Cryobiology 2011; 62:145-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Accepted: 02/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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47
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McCusker MM, Grant-Kels JM. Healing fats of the skin: the structural and immunologic roles of the omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Clin Dermatol 2010; 28:440-51. [PMID: 20620762 DOI: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Linoleic acid (18:2omega6) and alpha-linolenic acid (18:3omega3) represent the parent fats of the two main classes of polyunsaturated fatty acids: the omega-6 (n-6) and the omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, respectively. Linoleic acid and alpha-linolenic acid both give rise to other long-chain fatty acid derivatives, including gamma-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid (omega-6 fatty acids) and docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid (omega-3 fatty acids). These fatty acids are showing promise as safe adjunctive treatments for many skin disorders, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, acne vulgaris, systemic lupus erythematosus, nonmelanoma skin cancer, and melanoma. Their roles are diverse and include maintenance of the stratum corneum permeability barrier, maturation and differentiation of the stratum corneum, formation and secretion of lamellar bodies, inhibition of proinflammatory eicosanoids, elevation of the sunburn threshold, inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and interleukin-12), inhibition of lipoxygenase, promotion of wound healing, and promotion of apoptosis in malignant cells, including melanoma. They fulfill these functions independently and through the modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and Toll-like receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meagen M McCusker
- Department of Dermatology University of Connecticut Health Center, 263 Farmington Avenue, MC 6230, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
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48
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Burns SA, Hard R, Hicks WL, Bright FV, Cohan D, Sigurdson L, Gardella JA. Determining the protein drug release characteristics and cell adhesion to a PLLA or PLGA biodegradable polymer membrane. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 94:27-37. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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49
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Sørensen LT, Zillmer R, Ågren M, Ladelund S, Karlsmark T, Gottrup F. Effect of smoking, abstention, and nicotine patch on epidermal healing and collagenase in skin transudate. Wound Repair Regen 2009; 17:347-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2009.00479.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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50
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Rayment EA, Upton Z. Review: Finding the Culprit: A Review of the Influences of Proteases on the Chronic Wound Environment. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2009; 8:19-27. [DOI: 10.1177/1534734609331596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Chronic leg ulcers are a complex medical condition with varied underlying causes and requiring diverse treatment strategies. It is generally accepted that chronic ulcers occur when the normal wound healing process is interrupted. These wounds are characterized by excessive protease activity, abundant granulation tissue, and decreased levels of growth factors, resulting in an overall poor prognosis for the patient. Many studies have focused on identifying the key proteases, specifically matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), responsible for an ulcer's chronicity. Of note, the results of these studies are often conflicting. This report therefore focuses on a review of this literature to identify which MMPs are important in terms of ulcer prognosis and healing outcome. This has revealed that MMPs are clearly important in many biological processes in wound healing, hence are critical to consider when developing improved therapies to enhance both ulcer healing times and ulcer healing outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A. Rayment
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia
| | - Zee Upton
- Tissue Repair and Regeneration Program, Institute of
Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia,
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