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Chen DP, Wen YH, Lu JJ, Tseng CP, Wang WT. Rapid rare ABO blood typing using a single PCR based on a multiplex SNaPshot reaction. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:395-400. [PMID: 29970336 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABO subgroups would be considered when discrepancies in ABO grouping occur. Serological methods including adsorption-elution test, salivary ABH inhibition test, and anti-A1 (lectin) saline method could be used. However, these serological methods are laboring and obscure. Therefore, reliable and affordable method to assess the ABO subgroups is of particular interest. METHODS To solve this problem, the multiplex SNaPshot-based assays were designed to determine rare A and B subgroups. Primers used as probes for determination of rare ABO blood groups known in Taiwanese population were designed. Many ABO subtype samples were used to validate the accuracy and reproducibility of our SNaPshot panel. RESULTS A panel of primer probes were successfully designed in determining 8 SNP sites (261, 539, 838, 820, 745, 664, IVS6 +5, and 829 in exon 6 and 7) for A phenotype and 6 SNP sites (261, 796, IVS3 +5, 247, 523, and 502 in exon 2, 6 and 7 and intron 3) for B phenotype. SNaPshot analysis for defining blood group A alleles (A1, A2, A3, Am and Ael) and blood group B alleles (B1, B3, Bw and Bel) was therefore available. CONCLUSION SNaPshot analysis could be used in reference laboratories for typing known rare subgroups of A and B without DNA cloning and traditional sequencing. Moreover, this method would help to construct databases of genotyped blood donors, and it potentially plays a role in determining fetal-maternal ABO incompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Ping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Hao Wen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jang-Jih Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, Taiwan
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2
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. L. Ji
- Institute of Clinical Blood Transfusion; Guangzhou Blood Center; Guangzhou China
| | - C. E. van der Schoot
- Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory; Academic Medical Centre; University of Amsterdam; Amsterdam The Netherlands
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Huang Y, Lin J, Zhu S. Genetic Sequencing Analysis of A307 Subgroup of ABO Blood Group. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2781-5. [PMID: 26381103 PMCID: PMC4578646 DOI: 10.12659/msm.894021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the serology and gene sequence characteristics of the A307 subgroup of the ABO blood group. MATERIAL AND METHODS Monoclonal anti-A and anti-B antibodies were used to detect the ABO antigens of a proband whose positive blood type was not consistent with the negative blood type of the ABO blood group. Standard A-, B-, and O-negative typing cells were used to test for ABO antibodies in the serum. Additionally, polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primer (PCR-SSP) was used to confirm the genotype, and subsequently, exons 6 and 7 of the ABO gene were detected by gene sequencing. Samples from the wife and daughters of the proband were also used for serological and genetic testing. RESULTS Red blood cells of the proband showed weak agglutination reaction with anti-A antibody, while anti-B antibody was detected in the serum. Moreover, PCR-SSP detected A307 and O02 alleles, while gene sequencing revealed mutation of c.745C>T in exon 7, which produced a polypeptide chain p.R249W. The A307 gene of the proband was not inherited by his daughters. CONCLUSIONS A mutation (c.745 C>T) in exon 7 of the ABO blood group gene resulted in low activity of a-1,3-N-acetyl-galactosaminyl transferase, producing A3 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Huang
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jiajin Lin
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Suiyong Zhu
- Laboratory of Internal Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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4
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Chen D, Sun C, Ning H, Peng C, Wang W, Tseng C. Genetic and mechanistic evaluation for the weakAphenotype inAelblood type withIVS6 + 5G>A ABOgene mutation. Vox Sang 2014; 108:64-71. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D.‐P. Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan County Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan County Taiwan
| | - C.‐F. Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan County Taiwan
- Department of Pathology College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan County Taiwan
| | - H.‐C. Ning
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan County Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan County Taiwan
| | - C.‐T. Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan County Taiwan
| | - W.‐T. Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan County Taiwan
| | - C.‐P. Tseng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan County Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center Chang Gung University Taoyuan County Taiwan
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5
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Takahashi Y, Isa K, Sano R, Nakajima T, Kubo R, Takahashi K, Kominato Y, Michino J, Masuno A, Tsuneyama H, Ito S, Ogasawara K, Uchikawa M. Presence of nucleotide substitutions in transcriptional regulatory elements such as the erythroid cell-specific enhancer-like element and theABOpromoter in individuals with phenotypes A3and B3, respectively. Vox Sang 2014; 107:171-80. [DOI: 10.1111/vox.12136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Takahashi
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - K. Isa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - R. Sano
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - T. Nakajima
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - R. Kubo
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - K. Takahashi
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - Y. Kominato
- Department of Legal Medicine; Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine; Maebashi-shi Japan
| | - J. Michino
- Department of Blood Transfusion Service; Toyama University Hospital; Toyama Japan
| | - A. Masuno
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Tsuneyama
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
| | - S. Ito
- Japanese Red Cross Touhoku Block Blood Center; Miyagi Japan
| | - K. Ogasawara
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Uchikawa
- Japanese Red Cross Central Blood Institute; Tokyo Japan
- Japanese Red Cross Kanto-Koshinetsu Block Blood Center; Tokyo Japan
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6
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Chen DP, Tseng CP, Wang WT, Sun CF. Genetic and mechanistic evaluation for the mixed-field agglutination in B3 blood type with IVS3+5G>A ABO gene mutation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37272. [PMID: 22624005 PMCID: PMC3356269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ABO blood type B(3) is the most common B subtype in the Chinese population with a frequency of 1/900. Although IVS3+5G>A (rs55852701) mutation of B gene has been shown to associate with the development of B(3) blood type, genetic and mechanistic evaluation for the unique mixed-field agglutination phenotype has not yet been completely addressed. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In this study, we analyzed 16 cases of confirmed B(3) individuals and found that IVS3+5G>A attributes to all cases of B(3). RT-PCR analyses revealed the presence of at least 7 types of aberrant B(3) splicing transcripts with most of the transcripts causing early termination and producing non-functional protein during translation. The splicing transcript without exon 3 that was predicted to generate functional B(3) glycosyltransferase lacking 19 amino acids at the N-terminal segment constituted only 0.9% of the splicing transcripts. Expression of the B(3) cDNA with exon 3 deletion in the K562 erythroleukemia cells revealed that the B(3) glycosyltransferase had only 40% of B(1) activity in converting H antigen to B antigen. Notably, the typical mixed-field agglutination of B(3)-RBCs can be mimicked by adding anti-B antibody to the K562-B(3) cells. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE This study thereby demonstrates that both aberrant splicing of B transcripts and the reduced B(3) glycosyltransferase activity contribute to weak B expression and the mixed-field agglutination of B(3), adding to the complexity for the regulatory mechanisms of ABO gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding-Ping Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Ping Tseng
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Feng Sun
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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7
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Seltsam A, Grüger D, Just B, Figueiredo C, Gupta CD, DeLuca DS, Blasczyk R. Aberrant intracellular trafficking of a variant B glycosyltransferase. Transfusion 2008; 48:1898-905. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2008.01782.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Joo SY, Shim YS, Kim MJ, Kwon HL, Lee K, Chang HE, Song SH, Park KU, Song J, Han KS. [A case of ABO*Ael02/O04 genotype with typical phenotype O]. Korean J Lab Med 2008; 28:319-24. [PMID: 18728383 DOI: 10.3343/kjlm.2008.28.4.319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ael is a rare blood type which has the least amount of A antigen among A subgroups. It can be detected by special tests performed to resolve the discrepancy between red cell and serum typing in routine serological typing. The presence of A antigen on Ael red cell is demonstrable only by adsorption and elution tests. An Ael individual does not secret A substance in the saliva and may have anti-A antibody in the serum which is usually less reactive with the reagent red cells than anti-B antibody. In Korea, Ael02 has been reported more frequently than other Ael alleles. We report a case of Ael02/O04 who presented as typical phenotype O with strong anti-A and anti-B antibodies and no A antigen detected even by adsorption and elution tests. The case has been proved to be Ael02/O04 by direct sequencing analysis. In individuals with history of discrepancies in the results of ABO phenotyping, ABO genotyping is needed for an accurate evaluation of their blood type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shin-Young Joo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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9
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Chang CS, Lin KT, Chang JG, Lin CW, Hsieh LL, Yeh CJ, Liu TC. Molecular basis of the A2B in Taiwan. Int J Hematol 2008; 88:127-133. [PMID: 18651204 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-008-0136-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2007] [Revised: 04/29/2008] [Accepted: 05/28/2008] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular genotyping of the ABO alleles has been widely used in ABO subgroups analysis and has been able to solve the rare ABO blood grouping discrepancies. The genotypes of sixty-one A2B phenotype donors recruited from the middle and south of Taiwan were analyzed by means of molecular methods. The A2B phenotype was initially identified by serological test. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method was used to screen the ABO alleles at nucleotides (nt) 261 and 703 based on the nt differences found in the ABO alleles. The subgroups of the A2 allele were determined by the PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing methods. The discrepancies between the phenotype and genotype of the A2B were then studied by subcloning and nucleotide sequence analysis. Our results show that 55 of the 61 A2B donors (90%) are A205/B allele and two are A201/B allele. Four cases were heterozygotes of the cis-AB/O or B alleles. Two were cis-AB04/O allele, one was cis-AB01/O allele and the other was cis-AB02/B allele. In conclusion, most A2B genotypes belong to the A205/B allele in Taiwan. In this study, we report for the first time the presence of the A205, A201, and cis-AB02 alleles in Taiwan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Sung Chang
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kuan-Tsao Lin
- Kaohsiung Blood Center, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jan-Gowth Chang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chin-Wein Lin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Li-Ling Hsieh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Jung Yeh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Chih Liu
- Division of Hemato-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, No. 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC. .,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
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10
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Hosseini-Maaf B, Hellberg A, Chester MA, Olsson ML. An extensive polymerase chain reaction-allele-specific polymorphism strategy for clinical ABO blood group genotyping that avoids potential errors caused by null, subgroup, and hybrid alleles. Transfusion 2008; 47:2110-25. [PMID: 17958541 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01436.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND ABO genotyping is complicated by the remarkable diversity at the ABO locus. Recombination or gene conversion between common alleles may lead to hybrids resulting in unexpected ABO phenotypes. Furthermore, numerous mutations associated with weak subgroups and nondeletional null alleles should be considered. All known ABO genotyping methods, however, risk incorrect phenotype predictions if any such alleles are present. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS An extensive set of allele-specific primers was designed to accomplish hybrid-proof multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of DNA fragments for detection of ABO alleles. Results were compared with serologic findings and ABO genotypes defined by previously published PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism/PCR-allele-specific polymorphism (ASP) methods or DNA sequencing. RESULTS Phenotypically well-characterized samples from blood donors with common blood groups and rare-subgroup families were analyzed. In addition to the commonly encountered alleles (A1, A1(467C>T), A2, B, O1, O1v, and O2), the new method can detect hybrid alleles thanks to long-range amplification across intron 6. Four of 12 PCR-ASP procedures are used to screen for multiple infrequent subgroup and null alleles. This concept allows for a low-resolution typing format in which the presence of, for example, a weak subgroup or cis-AB/B(A) is indicated but not further defined. In an optional high-resolution step, more detailed genotype information is obtained. CONCLUSION A new genotyping approach has been developed and evaluated that can correctly identify ABO alleles including nondeletional null alleles, subgroups, and hybrids resulting from recombinational crossing-over events between exons 6 and 7. This approach is clinically applicable and decreases the risk for erroneous ABO phenotype prediction compared to previously published methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Hosseini-Maaf
- Division of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University and Blood Center, Lund University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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A Novel Ael Allele Derived from a Unique 816insG in Exon 7 of the ABO Gene. J Formos Med Assoc 2007; 106:969-74. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-6646(08)60070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Seltsam A, Wagner FF, Grüger D, Gupta CD, Bade-Doeding C, Blasczyk R. Weak blood group B phenotypes may be caused by variations in the CCAAT-binding factor/NF-Y enhancer region of the ABO gene. Transfusion 2007; 47:2330-5. [PMID: 17764507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01475.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binding of CCAAT-binding factor NF-Y (CBF/NF-Y) to a 43-bp repeat unit in the minisatellite region in the 5' region of the ABO gene (CBF/NF-Y enhancer region) plays an important role in regulating the transcription of ABO genes. The common ABO alleles were found to have CBF/NF-Y enhancer regions with specific numbers of 43-bp minisatellite repeats. MATERIAL AND METHODS Blood samples from four healthy blood donors with weak B phenotypes were subjected to extensive ABO genotyping, including nucleotide sequencing of the 5' regulatory region containing the CBF/NF-Y enhancer. RESULTS The coding region of the ABO genes exhibited common ABO*B101-heterozygous genotypes in all samples, but unexpected variations were observed in the CBF/NF-Y enhancer region. In two cases, the CBF/NF-Y enhancer motifs did not exhibit the expected ABO allele dependency. One, an AB(weak) sample was heterozygous for ABO*A101 and ABO*B101 but homozygous for the ABO*B101-specific CBF/NF-Y motif. The second had a common ABO*B101/ABO*O01 genotype but was heterozygous for ABO*A101- and ABO*O01-specific enhancer motifs. In the other two samples, novel CBF/NF-Y motifs were found. One contained a shortened version of an otherwise ABO*B101-specific CBF/NF-Y motif, and the other had a single-base substitution located 12 bp upstream from the beginning of the first 43-bp repeat of an ABO*B101-specific CBF/NF-Y enhancer sequence. CONCLUSION The frequency of variations in the CBF/NF-Y region of the ABO gene in these samples with presumably common ABO*B101 alleles suggests that weak blood group B phenotypes may be caused by sequence variations in the CBF/NF-Y regulatory region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Axel Seltsam
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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Li L, Yang MH, Chak KF, Lin PH, Lai CH, Lin KT, Tsai SJL, Lin KS, Chu DC. Three missense mutations, including a novel 860C>T transition, and allelic enhancement phenomenon associated with ABO blood subgroups A in Taiwan. Transfusion 2007; 47:1014-21. [PMID: 17524091 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2007.01228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It was estimated that approximately 25 percent of Taiwanese residents were ABO blood group A. Many subgroups of A, however, revealed ambiguous serologic typing results. This study aimed to delineate the molecular basis of the A3, Ax, and weak A phenotypes. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Serologic analyses including adsorption and elution assay, serum transferases activity assay, and saliva test were performed to determine the unique phenotypes of these samples. DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism were performed to further investigate the relationships between the genetic characteristics and phenotypic features of these samples. RESULTS Three single-nucleotide transitions (745C>T, 820G>A, and a novel 860C>T) were found in nine A3/A3B cases. In addition, the Ax and A3B subjects shared the same 860C>T mutation. This A(x) allele with 860C>T transition expressed A3B phenotype in A(x)/B101 heterozygote but Ax phenotype in A(x)/O01 heterozygote. This allelic enhancement was also observed in the weak A family with Aw05 allele, which was previously not found in Taiwan. CONCLUSION This allelic enhancement phenomenon was prone to cause serologic discrepancy between parents and children. Genotyping could help us to resolve this problem. Thus, a novel mutation is reported among Taiwanese blood donors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Taipei Blood Center, Taiwan Blood Services Foundation, and the Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Sun CF, Chen DP, Tseng CP, Wang WT, Liu JP. Identification of a novel A1v-O1v hybrid allele with G829A mutation in a chimeric individual of AelBel phenotype. Transfusion 2006; 46:780-9. [PMID: 16686846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00799.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many A and B suballeles responsible for ABO subgroup formation have been identified. Some of these minor alleles have mutations in the ABO gene coding sequence. Most of these mutations are due to single-nucleotide substitution and lead to amino acid alteration. Several alleles at the ABO locus appear to be caused by crossing over between dissimilar alleles. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Blood samples were collected from an individual with AelBel phenotype and her family members. Sequencing of the seven ABO exons was performed on these samples. The following was performed for the samples from the AelBel proposita: cloning and sequencing of the genomic DNA of the ABO gene, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of cDNA transcript of the ABO gene, sequence-specific priming (SSP)-PCR analysis and direct sequencing of the ABO gene, SSP-PCR DNA typing of generic HLA-ABC and HLA-DRB, and short-tandem repeat (STR)-PCR typing on 15 autosomal, 2 X-chromosomal, and 6 Y-chromosomal loci. RESULTS The proposita with AelBel phenotype has blood group chimerism with a major group of A1v-O1v/O1(O01) and a minor group of B(B101)/O1v(O02). Additional haplotypes on HLA-ABC, HLA-DR-B, STR loci, and Y-chromosome STR loci were present on the proposita. The paternal genotype is B(B101)/O1(O01) and the maternal genotype is A1v(A102)/O1v(O02). No other siblings have the A1v-O1v hybrid allele. Parentage was confirmed with the paternity STR-PCR test. Full-length cDNA transcripts of the B(B101) allele and alternately spliced cDNA transcripts of the hybrid A1v-O1v, O(1), and O1v alleles were cloned from the proposita. The A1v-O1v hybrid gene contains two missense mutations: C467T and G829A, resulting in Pro156Leu and Val277Met substitution. CONCLUSION Formation of the A1v-O1v hybrid allele appears to result from de novo recombination in the germ line of the mother during meiosis. G829A with Val277Met appears to be responsible for the decrease in A-transferase activity and Ael phenotypic expression in the proposita. The chimeric minor population of B(B101)/O1v is responsible for Bel phenotypic expression in the proposita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Feng Sun
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Linkou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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15
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Deng ZH, Yu Q, Wu GG, Lian YL, Su YQ, Li DC, Wang DM, Zhang SY. Molecular genetic analysis for Ax phenotype of the ABO blood group system in Chinese. Vox Sang 2006; 89:251-6. [PMID: 16262759 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00697.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES To elucidate the molecular genetic background of the Ax phenotype in the Chinese population. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ABO genes of eight Ax phenotype samples, four Ax and four AxB, were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were cloned, along with those of 10 random A(1) Chinese subjects. We analysed the ABO gene transcript structure and the sequences of two exons and one intron at the ABO locus. RESULTS Among the four Ax phenotype samples, we identified one Ax02, two Ax03 and one novel Ax allele with the 543G > T mutation in the A102 background. Two of five family members also carry the allele. Of the four AxB phenotypes, one was designated as cis-AB-1/B101; the other three were shown to carry one B allele and one O with the nt261G deletion. The B alleles of the latter three were identical to B101 except for single point mutation at nt700C > G, nt640A > G and nt641T > C, respectively. The novel B101-like alleles were first associated with A(weak)B phenotypes. CONCLUSIONS Two ABO*B(A) alleles and an Ax allele clearly differ from all previously reported ABO alleles, suggesting that the molecular genetic background of Ax is heterogeneous in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z H Deng
- Shenzhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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16
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Yu Q, Deng ZH, Wu GG, Lian YL, Su YQ. Molecular genetic analysis for a novel Ael allele of the ABO blood group system. J Hum Genet 2005; 50:671-3. [PMID: 16215642 DOI: 10.1007/s10038-005-0308-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Accepted: 08/24/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The ABO blood group is the most important system in clinical transfusion medicine. Previous studies on the genetic base of the common ABO group and some rare ABO subgroups have suggested that the molecular genetic background of the ABO gene in the Chinese population has specific character. In this study, we carried out a molecular genetic analysis of a family with an individual diagnosed as Ael subgroup by serological tests. A novel allele was identified in our A subgroup cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- ShenZhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, ShenZhen, GuangDong, China.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In addition to the common ABO phenotypes, numerous phenotypes with a weak expression of the A or B antigens on the red blood cells have been found. This study describes the molecular genetic analysis of the Bel phenotype in Taiwanese individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The exon 6-7 region of the ABO gene of an individual with the Bel phenotype was amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cloned, and the sequences of the exons and their adjacent splice sites were analysed. A PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis was designed to detect the 502C>T nucleotide change identified in the Bel allele. Six unrelated individuals with the Bel phenotype were analysed, and samples from 40 randomly selected individuals with the common B phenotype were also assessed. RESULTS All six unrelated Taiwanese individuals with the Bel phenotype were shown to possess a B gene with the 502C>T mutation. The mutation was not detected in the general group B population. The 502C>T nucleotide change predicts an amino acid alteration of Arg168-->Trp in the encoded B transferase. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a new molecular basis, a 502C>T missense mutation in the B allele, for the Bel phenotype and an association of the Bel502C>T allele with the Bel phenotype in the Taiwanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-F Sun
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan County, Taiwan
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