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Wang Y, Liu G, Qiu F, Li X, Diao Y, Yang M, Yang S, Li B, Han Q, Liu J. Corilagin alleviated intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating endoplasmic reticulum stress via bonding with Bip. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 135:156011. [PMID: 39265205 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.156011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury is a common clinical emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Given the absence of efficacious prophylactic and therapeutic interventions and specific drugs, sustained efforts are essential to develop new targeted drugs. Corilagin, a naturally polyphenolic tannic acid widespread in longan, rambutan and many other edible economic crops with medicinal properties in China, is of interest due to its multiple bioactivities, including the potential to mitigate II/R injuries. Nevertheless, a clear understanding of its molecular targets and the intricate mechanisms against II/R injury remains obscure and requires further elucidation. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate corilagin's pharmacological impact and molecular mechanism for II/R injury. METHODS An animal II/R model was established by clamping superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and the therapeutic efficacy of corilagin against II/R was evaluated by biochemical and pathological analysis. Next, integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analyses was performed to identify key targets. Moreover, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) damage was respectively observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM), immunohistochemistry, TUNEL, flow cytometry and western blotting (WB). Finally, molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) and drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) assays were utilized to assess the interaction between corilagin and binding immunoglobulin protein (Bip, Grp78 or Hspa5), and co-IP assay was conducted to investigate the interaction between Bip and its substrate proteins. RESULTS Corilagin exhibited robust protection against II/R injuries, effectively alleviating intestinal tissue damage and oxidative stress induced by II/R. The modulation of ERS as a potential regulatory mechanism was investigated through an integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, identifying Bip as a key target contributing to corilagin's protective effects. Further experimental evidence using molecular docking, MD simulation, CETSA, and DARTS assays confirmed the potentially direct interaction of corilagin with Bip. This interaction promoted the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of the Bip-substrate complex, thereby suppressing ERS-related signalling pathways, including the IRE1 branch, PERK branch, and ATF6 branch, to alleviate tissue damage. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that corilagin could selectively bind to Bip, facilitating its ubiquitin-dependent recognition and degradation, thereby inhibiting severe endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling and alleviating II/R injury. A detailed mechanistic insight into the action mode of corilagin had been proposed, supporting its potential usage as an ERS inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiang Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Guanting Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Feng Qiu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Xinyi Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Yunpeng Diao
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China; Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian 116044, PR China; Technical Innovation Center of New Traditional Chinese Medicine Development and Transformation of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, PR China.
| | - Mengjing Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Shuhui Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China; Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian 116044, PR China; Technical Innovation Center of New Traditional Chinese Medicine Development and Transformation of Liaoning Province, Dalian 116044, PR China.
| | - Qipeng Han
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, PR China; Dalian Anti-Infective Traditional Chinese Medicine Development Engineering Technology Research Center, Dalian 116044, PR China.
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Zhang J, Zhan H, Song Z, Liu S. Immune reactions following intestinal transplantation: Mechanisms and prevention. Asian J Surg 2024; 47:3819-3826. [PMID: 38431471 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
For patients with intestinal failure, small bowel transplantation remains one of the most effective treatments despite continuous advancements in parenteral nutrition techniques. Long-term use of parenteral nutrition can result in serious complications that lead to metabolic dysfunction and organ failure. However, the small intestine is a highly immunogenic organ with a large amount of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue and histocompatibility antigens; therefore, the small intestine is highly susceptible to severe immune rejection. This article discusses the mechanisms underlying immune rejection after small bowel transplantation and presents various options for prevention and treatment. Our findings offer new insights into the development of small bowel transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hanxiang Zhan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zifang Song
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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Heindryckx F, Sjöblom M. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of chemotherapy-induced mucositis: Physiological mechanisms and therapeutic implications. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2024; 240:e14188. [PMID: 38874396 DOI: 10.1111/apha.14188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a common and effective treatment for cancer, but these drugs are also associated with significant side effects affecting patients' well-being. One such debilitating side effect is mucositis, characterized by inflammation, ulcerations, and altered physiological functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract's mucosal lining. Understanding the mechanisms of chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis (CIM) is crucial for developing effective preventive measures and supportive care. Chemotherapeutics not only target cancer cells but also rapidly dividing cells in the GI tract. These drugs disrupt endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis, leading to ER-stress and activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in various intestinal epithelial cell types. The UPR triggers signaling pathways that exacerbate tissue inflammation and damage, influence the differentiation and fate of intestinal epithelial cells, and compromise the integrity of the intestinal mucosal barrier. These factors contribute significantly to mucositis development and progression. In this review, we aim to give an in-depth overview of the role of ER-stress in mucositis and its impact on GI function. This will provide valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms and highlighting potential therapeutic interventions that could improve treatment-outcomes and the quality of life of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke Heindryckx
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Markus Sjöblom
- Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Alicehajic A, Duivenvoorden AAM, Lenaerts K. Unveiling the molecular complexity of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury through omics technologies. Proteomics 2024; 24:e2300160. [PMID: 38477684 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202300160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IR) is implicated in various clinical conditions and causes damage to the intestinal epithelium resulting in intestinal barrier loss. This presents a substantial clinical challenge, emphasizing the importance of gaining a comprehensive understanding of molecular events to aid in the identification of novel therapeutic targets. This review systematically explores the extent to which omics technologies-transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and metagenomics-have already contributed to deciphering the molecular mechanisms contributing to intestinal IR injury, in in vivo and in vitro animal and human models, and in clinical samples. Recent breakthroughs involve applying omics methodologies on exosomes, organoids, and single cells, shedding light on promising avenues and valuable targets to reduce intestinal IR injury. Future directions aimed at expediting clinical translation are discussed as well and include multi-omics data integration to facilitate the identification of key regulatory nodes driving intestinal IR injury and advancing human organoid models based on the novel insights by single-cell omics technologies, offering hope for clinical application of therapeutic strategies in the years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Alicehajic
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Annet Adriana Maria Duivenvoorden
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Vivacqua G, Mancinelli R, Leone S, Vaccaro R, Garro L, Carotti S, Ceci L, Onori P, Pannarale L, Franchitto A, Gaudio E, Casini A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress: A possible connection between intestinal inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14780. [PMID: 38462652 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Different studies have shown the key role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. ER stress leads to the formation of misfolded proteins which affect the secretion of different cell types that are crucial for the intestinal homeostasis. PURPOSE In this review, we discuss the role of ER stress and its involvement in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases, chronic conditions that can cause severe damage of the gastrointestinal tract, focusing on the alteration of Paneth cells and goblet cells (the principal secretory phenotypes of the intestinal epithelial cells). ER stress is also discussed in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, in which protein misfolding represents the signature mechanism. ER stress in the bowel and consequent accumulation of misfolded proteins might represent a bridge between bowel inflammation and neurodegeneration along the gut-to-brain axis, affecting intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the equilibrium of the commensal microbiota. Targeting intestinal ER stress could foster future studies for designing new biomarkers and new therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Vivacqua
- Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Mancinelli
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Leone
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosa Vaccaro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Garro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Carotti
- Integrated Research Center (PRAAB), Campus Biomedico University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Ludovica Ceci
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Onori
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Pannarale
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Franchitto
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome 'Foro Italico', Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Casini
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Onal M, Elsurer C, Duran T, Kocak N, Ulusoy B, Bozkurt MK, Onal O. Possible role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathogenesis of chronic adenoiditis and adenoid hypertrophy: A prospective, parallel-group study. Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2024; 9:e1240. [PMID: 38596230 PMCID: PMC11002993 DOI: 10.1002/lio2.1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Adenoid tissue is a first-line host defense secondary lymphoid organ, especially in childhood. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is required to maintain balanced cellular activity. With impaired ER functions, protein accumulation occurs, resulting in ER stress, which plays a role in the etiopathogenesis of many diseases. Objective We aimed to investigate the relationship between ER stress and adenoid tissue disorders, thereby elucidating the mechanisms of immunity-related diseases. Methods Fifty-four pediatric patients (>3 years old) who underwent adenoidectomy for chronic adenoiditis (CA) or adenoid hypertrophy (AH) were enrolled in this prospective, parallel-group clinical study. Adenoids were divided into two groups (CA or AH) based on their size and evaluated for ER stress pathway and apoptosis pathway markers by Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis. Results ER stress pathway markers significantly differed between the CA and AH groups. Children with CA had higher ER stress marker levels than the AH group (p < .001 for ATF-4, ATF-6, and GRP78, and p < .05 for EDEM1, CHOP, EIF2AK3, ERNI, and GRP94). Apoptosis pathway marker levels (BAX and BCL-2) were not different between groups. Conclusions ER stress contributes to the etiopathogenesis of adenoid tissue diseases and the pathogenesis of adenoid tissue disorders, which are part of the immune response. These results may guide the development of new and alternative treatments for immune system disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merih Onal
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Cagdas Elsurer
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Tugce Duran
- Department of Medical GeneticsKTO Karatay University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Nadir Kocak
- Department of Medical GeneticsSelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Bulent Ulusoy
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Mete Kaan Bozkurt
- Department of OtorhinolaryngologySelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
| | - Ozkan Onal
- Department of Anesthesiology and ReanimationSelcuk University Faculty of MedicineKonyaTurkey
- Outcomes Research ConsortiumCleveland Clinic Main Hospital, Anesthesiology InstituteClevelandOhioUSA
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7
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Liu Y, Shi Y, Chen F, Leng Y. Recent insights into the effect of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the pathophysiology of intestinal ischaemia‒reperfusion injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 701:149612. [PMID: 38316091 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.149612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Intestinal ischaemia‒reperfusion (I/R) injury is a surgical emergency. This condition is associated with a high mortality rate. At present, there are limited number of efficient therapeutic measures for this injury, and the prognosis is poor. Therefore, the pathophysiological mechanisms of intestinal I/R injury must be elucidated to develop a rapid and specific diagnostic and treatment protocol. Numerous studies have indicated the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the development of intestinal I/R injury. Specifically, the levels of unfolded and misfolded proteins in the ER lumen are increased due to unfolded protein response. However, persistent ER stress promotes apoptosis of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells through three signalling pathways in the ER, impairing intestinal mucosal barrier function and leading to the dysfunction of intestinal tissues and distant organ compartments. This review summarises the mechanisms of ER stress in intestinal I/R injury, diagnostic indicators, and related treatment strategies with the objective of providing novel insights into future therapies for this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Zhang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- The Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yongqiang Liu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yajing Shi
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Feng Chen
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yufang Leng
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; The Department of Anaesthesiology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Zhang F, Chen M, Liu X, Ji X, Li S, Jin E. New insights into the unfolded protein response (UPR)-anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) pathway in the regulation of intestinal barrier function in weaned piglets. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:225-232. [PMID: 38033605 PMCID: PMC10685161 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Sustained dysfunction of the intestinal barrier caused by early weaning is a major factor that induces postweaning diarrhea in weaned piglets. In both healthy and diseased states, the intestinal barrier is regulated by goblet cells. Alterations in the characteristics of goblet cells are linked to intestinal barrier dysfunction and inflammatory conditions during pathogenic infections. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms of the unfolded protein response (UPR) and anterior gradient 2 (AGR2) in maintaining intestinal barrier function and how modifications to these systems affect mucus barrier characteristics and goblet cell dysregulation. We highlight a novel mechanism underlying the UPR-AGR2 pathway, which affects goblet cell differentiation and maturation and the synthesis and secretion of mucin by regulating epidermal growth factor receptor and mucin 2. This study provides a theoretical basis and new insights into the regulation of intestinal health in weaned piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
| | - Mengxian Chen
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
| | - Xu Ji
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, China
| | - Shenghe Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
| | - Erhui Jin
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Regulation and Health, Chuzhou, China
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Gao J, Wang Y, Jia Z, Xue J, Zhou T, Zu G. (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate promotes intestinal epithelial proliferation and barrier function after ischemia/reperfusion injury via activation of Nurr1. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2023; 61:1310-1317. [PMID: 37621064 PMCID: PMC10461505 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2023.2245445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is involved in cell proliferation and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of several organs. OBJECTIVE To identify the role of EGCG in intestinal epithelial proliferation and barrier exposed to I/R injury. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham, I/R, I/R + EGCG (12.5 mg/kg), I/R + EGCG (25 mg/kg) and I/R + EGCG (50 mg/kg). I/R group rats were subjected to intestinal ischemia for 1 h and 6 h reperfusion. The rats were supplemented with EGCG 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg daily for 3 days via intraperitoneal injection before surgery. We used IEC-6 to expose to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury to mimic I/R in vivo. IEC-6 cells were divided into control, H/R and H/R + EGCG (40 μmol/L). The effects of EGCG and its mechanism was explored. RESULTS Pharmacological treatment with EGCG notably improves intestinal epithelial proliferation (12.5 mg/kg, 1.74-fold; 25 mg/kg, 2.93-fold, and 50 mg/kg, 4.33-fold) and barrier function after I/R injury. EGCG promoted cell proliferation (2.99-fold) and increased the expression of occludin (2.36-fold) and ZO-1 (1.64-fold) in IEC-6 cells after H/R injury. EGCG promoted proliferation of IEC-6 cells with ED50 values of 18.16 μmol/L. Further investigations indicated that EGCG activated Nurr1 expression in intestine after I/R injury. EGCG promote cell proliferation and increased the expression of occludin and ZO-1 in IEC-6 cells after H/R injury were abrogated in the knockdown of Nurr1 by siRNA. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that EGCG promotes intestinal epithelial cell proliferation and barrier function after I/R injury in vitro and in vivo via activation of Nurr1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Gao
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuhang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zirui Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiaming Xue
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tingting Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guo Zu
- Department of Gastroenterology Surgery, The Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Filipe Rosa L, Rings A, Stolzer I, Koeninger L, Wehkamp J, Beisner J, Günther C, Nordkild P, Jensen BAH, Bischoff SC. Human α-Defensin 5 1-9 and Human β-Defensin 2 Improve Metabolic Parameters and Gut Barrier Function in Mice Fed a Western-Style Diet. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13878. [PMID: 37762180 PMCID: PMC10531064 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and metabolic comorbidities are associated with gut permeability. While high-fructose and Western-style diet (WSD) disrupt intestinal barrier function, oral administration of human α-defensin 5 (HD5) and β-defensin 2 (hBD2) is believed to improve intestinal integrity and metabolic disorders. Eighty-four male C57BL/6J mice were fed a WSD or a control diet (CD) ± fructose (F) for 18 weeks. In week 13, mice were randomly divided into three intervention groups, receiving defensin fragment HD51-9, full-length hBD2, or bovine serum albumin (BSA)-control for six weeks. Subsequently, parameters of hepatic steatosis, glucose metabolism, and gut barrier function were assessed. WSDF increased body weight and hepatic steatosis (p < 0.01) compared to CD-fed mice, whereas peptide intervention decreased liver fat (p < 0.05) and number of hepatic lipid droplets (p < 0.01) compared to BSA-control. In addition, both peptides attenuated glucose intolerance by reducing blood glucose curves in WSDF-fed mice. Evaluation of gut barrier function revealed that HD51-9 and hBD2 improve intestinal integrity by upregulating tight junction and mucin expression. Moreover, peptide treatment restored ileal host defense peptides (HDP) expression, likely by modulating the Wnt, Myd88, p38, and Jak/STAT pathways. These findings strongly suggest that α- and β-defensin treatment improve hepatic steatosis, glucose metabolism, and gut barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Filipe Rosa
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Andreas Rings
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Iris Stolzer
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Louis Koeninger
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jan Wehkamp
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Tübingen, 72016 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Julia Beisner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Medicine 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin A. H. Jensen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1353 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stephan C. Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 12, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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Rivera KR, Bliton RJ, Burclaff J, Czerwinski MJ, Liu J, Trueblood JM, Hinesley CM, Breau KA, Deal HE, Joshi S, Pozdin VA, Yao M, Ziegler AL, Blikslager AT, Daniele MA, Magness ST. Hypoxia Primes Human ISCs for Interleukin-Dependent Rescue of Stem Cell Activity. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 16:823-846. [PMID: 37562653 PMCID: PMC10520368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Hypoxia in the intestinal epithelium can be caused by acute ischemic events or chronic inflammation in which immune cell infiltration produces inflammatory hypoxia starving the mucosa of oxygen. The epithelium has the capacity to regenerate after some ischemic and inflammatory conditions suggesting that intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are highly tolerant to acute and chronic hypoxia; however, the impact of hypoxia on human ISC (hISC) function has not been reported. Here we present a new microphysiological system (MPS) to investigate how hypoxia affects hISCs from healthy donors and test the hypothesis that prolonged hypoxia modulates how hISCs respond to inflammation-associated interleukins (ILs). METHODS hISCs were exposed to <1.0% oxygen in the MPS for 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours. Viability, hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF1a) response, transcriptomics, cell cycle dynamics, and response to cytokines were evaluated in hISCs under hypoxia. HIF stabilizers and inhibitors were screened to evaluate HIF-dependent responses. RESULTS The MPS enables precise, real-time control and monitoring of oxygen levels at the cell surface. Under hypoxia, hISCs maintain viability until 72 hours and exhibit peak HIF1a at 24 hours. hISC activity was reduced at 24 hours but recovered at 48 hours. Hypoxia induced increases in the proportion of hISCs in G1 and expression changes in 16 IL receptors. Prolyl hydroxylase inhibition failed to reproduce hypoxia-dependent IL-receptor expression patterns. hISC activity increased when treated IL1β, IL2, IL4, IL6, IL10, IL13, and IL25 and rescued hISC activity caused by 24 hours of hypoxia. CONCLUSIONS Hypoxia pushes hISCs into a dormant but reversible proliferative state and primes hISCs to respond to a subset of ILs that preserves hISC activity. These findings have important implications for understanding intestinal epithelial regeneration mechanisms caused by inflammatory hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - R Jarrett Bliton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Joseph Burclaff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael J Czerwinski
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jintong Liu
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Jessica M Trueblood
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Caroline M Hinesley
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Keith A Breau
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Halston E Deal
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Shlok Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Vladimir A Pozdin
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Amanda L Ziegler
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Anthony T Blikslager
- Comparative Medicine Institute, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael A Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina; Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Scott T Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, North Carolina; Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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12
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Cui C, Wang X, Li L, Wei H, Peng J. Multifaceted involvements of Paneth cells in various diseases within intestine and systemically. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1115552. [PMID: 36993974 PMCID: PMC10040535 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1115552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Serving as the guardians of small intestine, Paneth cells (PCs) play an important role in intestinal homeostasis maintenance. Although PCs uniquely exist in intestine under homeostasis, the dysfunction of PCs is involved in various diseases not only in intestine but also in extraintestinal organs, suggesting the systemic importance of PCs. The mechanisms under the participation of PCs in these diseases are multiple as well. The involvements of PCs are mostly characterized by limiting intestinal bacterial translocation in necrotizing enterocolitis, liver disease, acute pancreatitis and graft-vs-host disease. Risk genes in PCs render intestine susceptible to Crohn’s disease. In intestinal infection, different pathogens induce varied responses in PCs, and toll-like receptor ligands on bacterial surface trigger the degranulation of PCs. The increased level of bile acid dramatically impairs PCs in obesity. PCs can inhibit virus entry and promote intestinal regeneration to alleviate COVID-19. On the contrary, abundant IL-17A in PCs aggravates multi-organ injury in ischemia/reperfusion. The pro-angiogenic effect of PCs aggravates the severity of portal hypertension. Therapeutic strategies targeting PCs mainly include PC protection, PC-derived inflammatory cytokine elimination, and substituting AMP treatment. In this review, we discuss the influence and importance of Paneth cells in both intestinal and extraintestinal diseases as reported so far, as well as the potential therapeutic strategies targeting PCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbin Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xinru Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lindeng Li
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Peng,
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13
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Cui C, Wang F, Zheng Y, Wei H, Peng J. From birth to death: The hardworking life of Paneth cell in the small intestine. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1122258. [PMID: 36969191 PMCID: PMC10036411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1122258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells are a group of unique intestinal epithelial cells, and they play an important role in host-microbiota interactions. At the origin of Paneth cell life, several pathways such as Wnt, Notch, and BMP signaling, affect the differentiation of Paneth cells. After lineage commitment, Paneth cells migrate downward and reside in the base of crypts, and they possess abundant granules in their apical cytoplasm. These granules contain some important substances such as antimicrobial peptides and growth factors. Antimicrobial peptides can regulate the composition of microbiota and defend against mucosal penetration by commensal and pathogenic bacteria to protect the intestinal epithelia. The growth factors derived from Paneth cells contribute to the maintenance of the normal functions of intestinal stem cells. The presence of Paneth cells ensures the sterile environment and clearance of apoptotic cells from crypts to maintain the intestinal homeostasis. At the end of their lives, Paneth cells experience different types of programmed cell death such as apoptosis and necroptosis. During intestinal injury, Paneth cells can acquire stem cell features to restore the intestinal epithelial integrity. In view of the crucial roles of Paneth cells in the intestinal homeostasis, research on Paneth cells has rapidly developed in recent years, and the existing reviews on Paneth cells have mainly focused on their functions of antimicrobial peptide secretion and intestinal stem cell support. This review aims to summarize the approaches to studying Paneth cells and introduce the whole life experience of Paneth cells from birth to death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenbin Cui
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangke Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yao Zheng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongkui Wei
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Peng,
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14
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Rivera KR, Bliton RJ, Burclaff J, Czerwinski MJ, Liu J, Trueblood JM, Hinesley CM, Breau KA, Joshi S, Pozdin VA, Yao M, Ziegler AL, Blikslager AT, Daniele MA, Magness ST. A new microphysiological system shows hypoxia primes human ISCs for interleukin-dependent rescue of stem cell activity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.31.524747. [PMID: 36778265 PMCID: PMC9915581 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.31.524747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims Hypoxia in the intestinal epithelium can be caused by acute ischemic events or conditions like Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) where immune cell infiltration produces 'inflammatory hypoxia', a chronic condition that starves the mucosa of oxygen. Epithelial regeneration after ischemia and IBD suggests intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are highly tolerant to acute and chronic hypoxia; however, the impact of acute and chronic hypoxia on human ISC (hISC) properties have not been reported. Here we present a new microphysiological system (MPS) to investigate how hypoxia affects hISCs isolated from healthy human tissues. We then test the hypothesis that some inflammation-associated interleukins protect hISCs during prolonged hypoxia. Methods hISCs were exposed to <1.0% oxygen in the MPS for 6-, 24-, 48- & 72hrs. Viability, HIF1α response, transcriptomics, cell cycle dynamics, and hISC response to cytokines were evaluated. Results The novel MPS enables precise, real-time control and monitoring of oxygen levels at the cell surface. Under hypoxia, hISCs remain viable until 72hrs and exhibit peak HIF1α at 24hrs. hISCs lose stem cell activity at 24hrs that recovers at 48hrs of hypoxia. Hypoxia increases the proportion of hISCs in G1 and regulates hISC capacity to respond to multiple inflammatory signals. Hypoxia induces hISCs to upregulate many interleukin receptors and hISCs demonstrate hypoxia-dependent cell cycle regulation and increased organoid forming efficiency when treated with specific interleukins. Conclusions Hypoxia primes hISCs to respond differently to interleukins than hISCs in normoxia through a transcriptional response. hISCs slow cell cycle progression and increase hISC activity when treated with hypoxia and specific interleukins. These findings have important implications for epithelial regeneration in the gut during inflammatory events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina R. Rivera
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
| | - R. Jarrett Bliton
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
| | - Joseph Burclaff
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
| | - Michael J. Czerwinski
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
| | - Jintong Liu
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
| | - Jessica M. Trueblood
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Caroline M. Hinesley
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Keith A Breau
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
| | - Shlok Joshi
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
| | - Vladimir A. Pozdin
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
| | - Ming Yao
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695 (USA)
| | - Amanda L. Ziegler
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Anthony T. Blikslager
- Center for Gastrointestinal Biology and Disease, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - Michael A. Daniele
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
| | - Scott T. Magness
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 911 Oval Dr., Raleigh, NC, 27695 (USA)
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
- School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599 (USA)
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15
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Stringa P, Vecchio Dezillio LE, Talayero P, Serradilla J, Errea A, Machuca M, Papa-Gobbi R, Camps Ortega O, Pucci Molineris M, Lausada N, Andres Moreno AM, Rumbo M, Hernández Oliveros F. Experimental Assessment of Intestinal Damage in Controlled Donation After Circulatory Death for Visceral Transplantation. Transpl Int 2023; 36:10803. [PMID: 36713114 PMCID: PMC9878676 DOI: 10.3389/ti.2023.10803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need to address the shortage of potential multivisceral grafts in order to reduce the average time in waiting list. Since donation after circulatory death (DCD) has been successfully employed for other solid organs, a thorough evaluation of the use of intestinal grafts from DCD is warranted. Here, we have generated a model of Maastricht III DCD in rodents, focusing on the viability of intestinal and multivisceral grafts at five (DCD5) and twenty (DCD20) minutes of cardiac arrest compared to living and brain death donors. DCD groups exhibited time-dependent damage. DCD20 generated substantial intestinal mucosal injury and decreased number of Goblet cells whereas grafts from DCD5 closely resemble those of brain death and living donors groups in terms intestinal morphology, expression of tight junction proteins and number of Paneth and Globet cells. Upon transplantation, intestines from DCD5 showed increased ischemia/reperfusion damage compared to living donor grafts, however mucosal integrity was recovered 48 h after transplantation. No differences in terms of graft rejection, gene expression and absorptive function between DCD5 and living donor were observed at 7 post-transplant days. Collectively, our results highlight DCD as a possible strategy to increase multivisceral donation and transplantation procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Stringa
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain,Institute for Immunological and Pathophysiological Studies (IIFP), School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina,Organ Transplant Laboratory, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Leandro Emmanuel Vecchio Dezillio
- Institute for Immunological and Pathophysiological Studies (IIFP), School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina,Organ Transplant Laboratory, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Paloma Talayero
- Immunology Department, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Serradilla
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Agustina Errea
- Institute for Immunological and Pathophysiological Studies (IIFP), School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Mariana Machuca
- Special Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Rodrigo Papa-Gobbi
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain,Institute for Immunological and Pathophysiological Studies (IIFP), School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Onys Camps Ortega
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melisa Pucci Molineris
- Biochemistry Research Institute of La Plata, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Natalia Lausada
- Organ Transplant Laboratory, School of Medicine, National University of La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Ane Miren Andres Moreno
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Martin Rumbo
- Institute for Immunological and Pathophysiological Studies (IIFP), School of Exact Sciences, National University of La Plata, National Council of Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina
| | - Francisco Hernández Oliveros
- Transplant Group, La Paz University Hospital Health Research Institute (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain,Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain,Executive Operational Committee, ERN TransplantChild, Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Francisco Hernández Oliveros,
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16
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Wallaeys C, Garcia‐Gonzalez N, Libert C. Paneth cells as the cornerstones of intestinal and organismal health: a primer. EMBO Mol Med 2022; 15:e16427. [PMID: 36573340 PMCID: PMC9906427 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells are versatile secretory cells located in the crypts of Lieberkühn of the small intestine. In normal conditions, they function as the cornerstones of intestinal health by preserving homeostasis. They perform this function by providing niche factors to the intestinal stem cell compartment, regulating the composition of the microbiome through the production and secretion of antimicrobial peptides, performing phagocytosis and efferocytosis, taking up heavy metals, and preserving barrier integrity. Disturbances in one or more of these functions can lead to intestinal as well as systemic inflammatory and infectious diseases. This review discusses the multiple functions of Paneth cells, and the mechanisms and consequences of Paneth cell dysfunction. It also provides an overview of the tools available for studying Paneth cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Wallaeys
- Center for Inflammation Research‐VIBGhentBelgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Natalia Garcia‐Gonzalez
- Center for Inflammation Research‐VIBGhentBelgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Claude Libert
- Center for Inflammation Research‐VIBGhentBelgium,Department of Biomedical Molecular BiologyGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
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17
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Kobritz M, Borjas T, Patel V, Coppa G, Aziz M, Wang P. H151, A SMALL MOLECULE INHIBITOR OF STING AS A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC IN INTESTINAL ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY. Shock 2022; 58:241-250. [PMID: 35959789 PMCID: PMC9489661 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a severe disease associated with high mortality. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an intracellular protein that is activated by cytosolic DNA and is implicated in I/R injury, resulting in transcription of type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) and other proinflammatory molecules. Extracellular cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (eCIRP), a damage-associated molecular pattern, induces STING activation. H151 is a small molecule inhibitor of STING that has not yet been studied as a potential therapeutic. We hypothesize that H151 reduces inflammation, tissue injury, and mortality after intestinal I/R. Methods: In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pretreated with H151 then stimulated with recombinant murine (rm) CIRP, and IFN-β levels in the culture supernatant were measured at 24 hours after stimulation. In vivo, male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to 60-minute intestinal ischemia via superior mesenteric artery occlusion. At the time of reperfusion, mice were intraperitoneally instilled with H151 (10 mg/kg BW) or 10% Tween-80 in PBS (vehicle). Four hours after reperfusion, the small intestines, lungs, and serum were collected for analysis. Mice were monitored for 24 hours after intestinal I/R to assess survival. Results: In vitro, H151 reduced rmCIRP-induced IFN-β levels in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, intestinal levels of pIRF3 were increased after intestinal I/R and decreased after H151 treatment. There was an increase in serum levels of tissue injury markers (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase) and cytokine levels (interleukin 1β, interleukin 6) after intestinal I/R, and these levels were decreased after H151 treatment. Ischemia-reperfusion-induced intestinal and lung injury and inflammation were significantly reduced after H151 treatment, as evaluated by histopathologic assessment, measurement of cell death, chemokine expression, neutrophil infiltration, and myeloperoxidase activity. Finally, H151 improved the survival rate from 41% to 81% after intestinal I/R. Conclusions: H151, a novel STING inhibitor, attenuates the inflammatory response and reduces tissue injury and mortality in a murine model of intestinal I/R. H151 shows promise as a potential therapeutic in the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Kobritz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Timothy Borjas
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Vihas Patel
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Gene Coppa
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Monowar Aziz
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Manhasset, New York, USA
- Center for Immunology and Inflammation, The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, New York, USA
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18
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Data-Independent Acquisition-Based Mass Spectrometry (DIA-MS) for Quantitative Analysis of Human Intestinal Ischemia/Reperfusion. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:4156-4168. [PMID: 35666382 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (II/R) injury is a complex pathologic process, which is of great significance to unravel the underlying mechanisms and pathophysiology. Our study represented a comprehensive proteomic analysis in the human intestine with ischemia-reperfusion injury. The proteomics analysis measured a total of 5,230 proteins, and 417 differently expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified between II/R and control samples. GO and KEGG analysis demonstrated that the 290 upregulated DEPs in II/R were significantly involved in immune-related biological process and tight junction, focal adhesion, and cAMP signaling pathway, whereas the 127 downregulated DEPs in II/R were enriched in lipid metabolic process and metabolic pathway. Furthermore, we screened out 20 hub proteins from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network according to the degree of connectivity, and six clusters were identified. Combined with the result of KEGG analysis, 6 from the 20 hub proteins, ACTB, CAV1, FLNA, MYLK, ACTN1, and MYL9, were identified as the key proteins in the progress of II/R injury. According to the previous studies, FLNA and MYL9 were selected as the novel disease-related proteins for the first time. In conclusion, this study extended our understanding of the alteration in the human intestine during ischemia and reperfusion and highlighted the potential role of FLNA and MYL9 in the progress of II/R injury, which need to be further studied.
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19
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Kip AM, Valverde JM, Altelaar M, Heeren RMA, Hundscheid IHR, Dejong CHC, Olde Damink SWM, Balluff B, Lenaerts K. Combined Quantitative (Phospho)proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Imaging Reveal Temporal and Spatial Protein Changes in Human Intestinal Ischemia-Reperfusion. J Proteome Res 2021; 21:49-66. [PMID: 34874173 PMCID: PMC8750167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Intestinal ischemia–reperfusion
(IR) injury is a severe
clinical condition, and unraveling its pathophysiology is crucial
to improve therapeutic strategies and reduce the high morbidity and
mortality rates. Here, we studied the dynamic proteome and phosphoproteome
in the human intestine during ischemia and reperfusion, using liquid
chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis to gain
quantitative information of thousands of proteins and phosphorylation
sites, as well as mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to obtain spatial
information. We identified a significant decrease in abundance of
proteins related to intestinal absorption, microvillus, and cell junction,
whereas proteins involved in innate immunity, in particular the complement
cascade, and extracellular matrix organization increased in abundance
after IR. Differentially phosphorylated proteins were involved in
RNA splicing events and cytoskeletal and cell junction organization.
In addition, our analysis points to mitogen-activated protein kinase
(MAPK) and cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) families to be active kinases
during IR. Finally, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight
(MALDI-TOF) MSI presented peptide alterations in abundance and distribution,
which resulted, in combination with Fourier-transform ion cyclotron
resonance (FTICR) MSI and LC-MS/MS, in the annotation of proteins
related to RNA splicing, the complement cascade, and extracellular
matrix organization. This study expanded our understanding of the
molecular changes that occur during IR in the human intestine and
highlights the value of the complementary use of different MS-based
methodologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Kip
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Juan Manuel Valverde
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Altelaar
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research and Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, Utrecht 3584 CH, The Netherlands
| | - Ron M A Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Inca H R Hundscheid
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H C Dejong
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Steven W M Olde Damink
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of General, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstraße 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Balluff
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4i), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- Department of Surgery, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
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20
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Temporal Transcript Profiling Identifies a Role for Unfolded Protein Stress in Human Gut Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:681-694. [PMID: 34774803 PMCID: PMC8761776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury is a serious and life-threatening condition. A better understanding of molecular mechanisms related to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in human beings is imperative to find therapeutic targets and improve patient outcome. METHODS First, the in vivo dynamic modulation of mucosal gene expression of the ischemia-reperfusion-injured human small intestine was studied. Based on functional enrichment analysis of the changing transcriptome, one of the predominantly regulated pathways was selected for further investigation in an in vitro human intestinal organoid model. RESULTS Ischemia-reperfusion massively changed the transcriptional landscape of the human small intestine. Functional enrichment analysis based on gene ontology and pathways pointed to the response to unfolded protein as a predominantly regulated process. In addition, regulatory network analysis identified hypoxia-inducing factor 1A as one of the key mediators of ischemia-reperfusion-induced changes, including the unfolded protein response (UPR). Differential expression of genes involved in the UPR was confirmed using quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Electron microscopy showed signs of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Collectively, these findings point to a critical role for unfolded protein stress in intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury in human beings. In a human intestinal organoid model exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation, attenuation of UPR activation with integrated stress response inhibitor strongly reduced pro-apoptotic activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4)-CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) signaling. CONCLUSIONS Transcriptome analysis showed a crucial role for unfolded protein stress in the response to ischemia-reperfusion in human small intestine. UPR inhibition during hypoxia-reoxygenation in an intestinal organoid model suggests that downstream protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) signaling may be a promising target to reduce intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Microarray data are available in GEO (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gds, accession number GSE37013).
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21
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Lionarons JM, Hoogland G, Slegers RJ, Steinbusch H, Claessen SMH, Vles JSH. Dystrophin in the Neonatal and Adult Rat Intestine. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111155. [PMID: 34833031 PMCID: PMC8622973 DOI: 10.3390/life11111155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) complaints are frequently noted in aging dystrophinopathy patients, yet their underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. As dystrophin protein isoform 71 (Dp71) is particularly implicated in the development of smooth muscle cells, we evaluated its distribution in the neonatal and adult rat intestine in this study. Methods: Dp71 expression levels were assessed in the proximal (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and distal (caecum, colon and rectum) intestine by Western blotting and qPCR. In addition, the cellular distribution of total Dp was evaluated in the duodenum and colon by immunohistochemical colocalization studies with alpha-smooth muscle actin (aSMA), Hu RNA binding proteins C and D (HuC/HuD) for neurons and vimentin (VIM) for interstitial cells. Results: In neonatal and adult rats, the distal intestine expressed 2.5 times more Dp71 protein than the proximal part (p < 0.01). This regional difference was not observed in Dp71 mRNA. During both stages, Dp-immunoreactivity was predominant in the muscularis propria, where it co-localized with aSMA and HuC/HuD. Conclusions: In neonatal and adult rats, Dp71 was expressed highest in the distal intestine. Together with the observation that Dp may be expressed by myenteric neurons, this warrants a paradigm shift in the treatment of GI comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith M. Lionarons
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.L.); (G.H.); Tel.: +31-(0)43-3875058 (J.M.L.); +31-(0)43-3881024 (G.H.)
| | - Govert Hoogland
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, 6229 HX Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: (J.M.L.); (G.H.); Tel.: +31-(0)43-3875058 (J.M.L.); +31-(0)43-3881024 (G.H.)
| | - Rutger J. Slegers
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
| | - Hellen Steinbusch
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
| | - Sandra M. H. Claessen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
| | - Johan S. H. Vles
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands; (R.J.S.); (H.S.); (S.M.H.C.); (J.S.H.V.)
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22
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Cui YJ, Chen LY, Zhou X, Tang ZN, Wang C, Wang HF. Heat stress induced IPEC-J2 cells barrier dysfunction through endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis by p-eif2α/CHOP pathway. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1389-1405. [PMID: 34661912 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) induced by high ambient temperatures compromises intestinal epithelial cell. However, the underlying mechanisms by which HS causes intestinal barrier dysfunction remain unclear. In this study, we established an in vitro acute-HS-induced intestinal damage using porcine small intestinal epithelial cell (IPEC-J2) that exposed to the high temperatures (43°C) for 2 h. The cell proliferation, apoptosis, tight junction (TJ) barrier integrity and transcriptomic profiles were measured. The results showed that HS decreased cell viability while increased proapoptotic signaling evidenced by Bax/bcl2 ratio, cytochrome C release to cytosol and active-caspase 3 increases (p < 0.01). HS led to decreased transepithelial electrical resistance, increased cell permeability, and downregulated TJ proteins including ZO1, occludin, and claudin 3 (p < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing and KEGG pathway analysis revealed HS-induced cell cycle arrest and activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) response mediated by a critical transcript eif2α and proapoptotic molecule DDIT3 (known as CHOP). Furthermore, inhibition of ERS by 4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) administration and knockdown of eif2α and CHOP significantly attenuated IPEC-J2 cells apoptosis (p < 0.05). Transmission electron microscopy analysis suggested that 4-PBA inhibited HS-induced increase in ER lumen diameter, indicating ultrastructural sign of ERS. In addition, HS-induced impairment of TJs was significantly attenuated by 4-PBA (p < 0.05). Collectively, HS induces ERS and activates the p-eif2α/CHOP signaling pathway to impair epithelial barrier integrity through triggering the intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Jun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, China
| | - Le-Yi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, China
| | - Zhi-Ning Tang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, China-Australian Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, Zhejiang Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Animal Health Inspection & Internet Technology, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine of Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang A&F University, Lin'an, China
| | - Hai-Feng Wang
- College of Animal Science, MOE Key Laboratory of Molecular Animal Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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23
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Li Y, Zhu L, Chen P, Wang Y, Yang G, Zhou G, Li L, Feng R, Qiu Y, Han J, Chen B, He Y, Zeng Z, Chen M, Zhang S. MALAT1 Maintains the Intestinal Mucosal Homeostasis in Crohn's Disease via the miR-146b-5p-CLDN11/NUMB Pathway. J Crohns Colitis 2021; 15:1542-1557. [PMID: 33677577 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Intestinal homeostasis disorder is critical for developing Crohn's disease [CD]. Maintaining mucosal barrier integrity is essential for intestinal homeostasis, preventing intestinal injury and complications. Among the remarkably altered long non-coding RNAs [lncRNAs] in CD, we aimed to investigate whether metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 [MALAT1] modulated CD and consequent disruption of intestinal homeostasis. METHODS Microarray analyses on intestinal mucosa of CD patients and controls were performed to identify dysregulated lncRNAs. MALAT1 expression was investigated via qRT-PCR and its distribution in intestinal tissues was detected using BaseScope. Intestines from MALAT1 knockout mice with colitis were investigated using histological, molecular, and biochemical approaches. Effects of intestinal epithelial cells, transfected with MALAT1 lentiviruses and Smart Silencer, on monolayer permeability and apical junction complex [AJC] proteins were analysed. MiR-146b-5p was confirmed as a critical MALAT1 mediator in cells transfected with miR-146b-5p mimic/inhibitor and in colitis mice administered agomir-146b-5p/antagomir-146b-5p. Interaction between MALAT1 and miR-146b-5p was predicted via bioinformatics and validated using Dual-luciferase reporter assay and Ago2-RIP. RESULTS MALAT1 was aberrantly downregulated in the intestine mucosa of CD patients and mice with experimental colitis. MALAT1 knockout mice were hypersensitive to DSS-induced experimental colitis. MALAT1 regulated the intestinal mucosal barrier and regained intestinal homeostasis by sequestering miR-146b-5p and maintaining the expression of the AJC proteins NUMB and CLDN11. CONCLUSIONS Downregulation of MALAT1 contributed to the pathogenesis of CD by disrupting AJC. Thus, a specific MALAT1-miR-146b-5p-NUMB/CLDN11 pathway that plays a vital role in maintaining intestinal mucosal homeostasis may serve as a novel target for CD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Liguo Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Gaoshi Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Rui Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yun Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Baili Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yao He
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Zhirong Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P.R. China
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24
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Pantalone D, Bergamini C, Martellucci J, Alemanno G, Bruscino A, Maltinti G, Sheiterle M, Viligiardi R, Panconesi R, Guagni T, Prosperi P. The Role of DAMPS in Burns and Hemorrhagic Shock Immune Response: Pathophysiology and Clinical Issues. Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7020. [PMID: 34209943 PMCID: PMC8268351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe or major burns induce a pathophysiological, immune, and inflammatory response that can persist for a long time and affect morbidity and mortality. Severe burns are followed by a "hypermetabolic response", an inflammatory process that can be extensive and become uncontrolled, leading to a generalized catabolic state and delayed healing. Catabolism causes the upregulation of inflammatory cells and innate immune markers in various organs, which may lead to multiorgan failure and death. Burns activate immune cells and cytokine production regulated by damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Trauma has similar injury-related immune responses, whereby DAMPs are massively released in musculoskeletal injuries and elicit widespread systemic inflammation. Hemorrhagic shock is the main cause of death in trauma. It is hypovolemic, and the consequence of volume loss and the speed of blood loss manifest immediately after injury. In burns, the shock becomes evident within the first 24 h and is hypovolemic-distributive due to the severely compromised regulation of tissue perfusion and oxygen delivery caused by capillary leakage, whereby fluids shift from the intravascular to the interstitial space. In this review, we compare the pathophysiological responses to burns and trauma including their associated clinical patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desirè Pantalone
- ESA-European Space Agency Headquarter, 24 Rue de Général Bertrand, 75345 Paris, France
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Firenze, Italy
| | - Carlo Bergamini
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Jacopo Martellucci
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Giovanni Alemanno
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Alessandro Bruscino
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Gherardo Maltinti
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Maximilian Sheiterle
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Riccardo Viligiardi
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Roberto Panconesi
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Tommaso Guagni
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
| | - Paolo Prosperi
- Trauma Team, Acute Care Surgery and Trauma Unit, Careggi University Hospital, Largo A. Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy; (C.B.); (J.M.); (G.A.); (A.B.); (G.M.); (M.S.); (R.V.); (R.P.); (T.G.); (P.P.)
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25
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Hundscheid IHR, Schellekens DHSM, Grootjans J, Den Dulk M, Van Dam RM, Beets GL, Buurman WA, Lenaerts K, Derikx JPM, Dejong CHC. Evaluating the safety of two human experimental intestinal ischemia reperfusion models: A retrospective observational study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253506. [PMID: 34143845 PMCID: PMC8213171 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We developed a jejunal and colonic experimental human ischemia-reperfusion (IR) model to study pathophysiological intestinal IR mechanisms and potential new intestinal ischemia biomarkers. Our objective was to evaluate the safety of these IR models by comparing patients undergoing surgery with and without in vivo intestinal IR. Methods A retrospective study was performed comparing complication rates and severity, based on the Clavien-Dindo classification system, in patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy with (n = 10) and without (n = 20 matched controls) jejunal IR or colorectal surgery with (n = 10) and without (n = 20 matched controls) colon IR. Secondary outcome parameters were operative time, blood loss, 90-day mortality and length of hospital stay. Results Following pancreatic surgery, 63% of the patients experienced one or more postoperative complications. There was no significant difference in incidence or severity of complications between patients undergoing pancreatic surgery with (70%) or without (60%, P = 0.7) jejunal IR. Following colorectal surgery, 60% of the patients experienced one or more postoperative complication. Complication rate and severity were similar in patients with (50%) and without (65%, P = 0.46) colonic IR. Operative time, amount of blood loss, postoperative C-reactive protein, length of hospital stay or mortality were equal in both intervention and control groups for jejunal and colon IR. Conclusion This study showed that human experimental intestinal IR models are safe in patients undergoing pancreatic or colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inca H. R. Hundscheid
- Department of Pathology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | - Dirk H. S. M. Schellekens
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joep Grootjans
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel Den Dulk
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ronald M. Van Dam
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Geerard L. Beets
- Department of Surgery, The Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Wim A. Buurman
- MHeNs School for Mental Healthy and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Kaatje Lenaerts
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Joep P. M. Derikx
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children’s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis H. C. Dejong
- NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, RWTH University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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26
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Beisner J, Filipe Rosa L, Kaden-Volynets V, Stolzer I, Günther C, Bischoff SC. Prebiotic Inulin and Sodium Butyrate Attenuate Obesity-Induced Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction by Induction of Antimicrobial Peptides. Front Immunol 2021; 12:678360. [PMID: 34177920 PMCID: PMC8226265 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.678360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in the mucosal barrier have been associated with metabolic diseases such as obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Mice fed a Western-style diet (WSD) develop obesity and are characterized by a diet-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction, bacterial endotoxin translocation and subsequent liver steatosis. To examine whether inulin or sodium butyrate could improve gut barrier dysfunction, C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or a WSD ± fructose supplemented with either 10% inulin or 5% sodium butyrate for 12 weeks respectively. Inulin and sodium butyrate attenuated hepatosteatitis in the WSD-induced obesity mouse model by reducing weight gain, liver weight, plasma and hepatic triglyceride level. Furthermore, supplementation with inulin or sodium butyrate induced expression of Paneth cell α-defensins and matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP7), which was impaired by the WSD and particularly the fructose-added WSD. Effects on antimicrobial peptide function in the ileum were accompanied by induction of β-defensin-1 and tight junction genes in the colon resulting in improved intestinal permeability and endotoxemia. Organoid culture of small intestinal crypts revealed that the short chain fatty acids (SCFA) butyrate, propionate and acetate, fermentation products of inulin, induce Paneth cell α-defensin expression in vitro, and that histone deacetylation and STAT3 might play a role in butyrate-mediated induction of α-defensins. In summary, inulin and sodium butyrate attenuate diet-induced barrier dysfunction and induce expression of Paneth cell antimicrobials. The administration of prebiotic fiber or sodium butyrate could be an interesting therapeutic approach to improve diet-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Beisner
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Louisa Filipe Rosa
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Iris Stolzer
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Claudia Günther
- Medical Clinic 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stephan C Bischoff
- Institute of Nutritional Medicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
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27
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Intestinal ischemic reperfusion injury: Recommended rats model and comprehensive review for protective strategies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 138:111482. [PMID: 33740527 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal ischemic reperfusion injury (IIRI) is a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality in the clinic. IIRI was induced by intestinal ischemic diseases such as, small bowel transplantation, aortic aneurysm surgery, and strangulated hernias. Although related mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, during the last decade, researches have demonstrated that many factors are crucial in the pathological process, including oxidative stress (OS), epithelial barrier function disorder, and so on. Rats model, as the most applied animal IIRI model, provides specific targets for researches and therapeutic strategies. Moreover, various treatment strategies such as, anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis, and anti-inflammation, have shown promising effects in alleviating IIRI. However, current researches cannot solve the clinical problems of IIRI, and specific treatment strategies are still needed to be exploited. This review focuses on a recommended experimental IIRI rat model and understanding of the involved mechanisms such as, OS, gut bacteria translocation, apoptosis, and necroptosis, aim at providing novel ideas for therapeutic strategies of IIRI.
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Proteomics analysis of human intestinal organoids during hypoxia and reoxygenation as a model to study ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:95. [PMID: 33462215 PMCID: PMC7813872 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with high mortality rates, which have not improved in the past decades despite advanced insight in its pathophysiology using in vivo animal and human models. The inability to translate previous findings to effective therapies emphasizes the need for a physiologically relevant in vitro model to thoroughly investigate mechanisms of IR-induced epithelial injury and test potential therapies. In this study, we demonstrate the use of human small intestinal organoids to model IR injury by exposing organoids to hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR). A mass-spectrometry-based proteomics approach was applied to characterize organoid differentiation and decipher protein dynamics and molecular mechanisms of IR injury in crypt-like and villus-like human intestinal organoids. We showed successful separation of organoids exhibiting a crypt-like proliferative phenotype, and organoids exhibiting a villus-like phenotype, enriched for enterocytes and goblet cells. Functional enrichment analysis of significantly changing proteins during HR revealed that processes related to mitochondrial metabolism and organization, other metabolic processes, and the immune response were altered in both organoid phenotypes. Changes in protein metabolism, as well as mitophagy pathway and protection against oxidative stress were more pronounced in crypt-like organoids, whereas cellular stress and cell death associated protein changes were more pronounced in villus-like organoids. Profile analysis highlighted several interesting proteins showing a consistent temporal profile during HR in organoids from different origin, such as NDRG1, SDF4 or DMBT1. This study demonstrates that the HR response in human intestinal organoids recapitulates properties of the in vivo IR response. Our findings provide a framework for further investigations to elucidate underlying mechanisms of IR injury in crypt and/or villus separately, and a model to test therapeutics to prevent IR injury.
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Longhitano Y, Zanza C, Thangathurai D, Taurone S, Kozel D, Racca F, Audo A, Ravera E, Migneco A, Piccioni A, Franceschi F. Gut Alterations in Septic Patients: A Biochemical Literature Review. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2021; 15:289-297. [PMID: 32781963 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200811105251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction with high mortality and morbidity rate and with the disease progression many alterations are observed in different organs. The gastrointestinal tract is often damaged during sepsis and septic shock and main symptoms are related to increased permeability, bacterial translocation and malabsorption. These intestinal alterations can be both cause and effect of sepsis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to analyze different pathways that lead to intestinal alteration in sepsis and to explore the most common methods for intestinal permeability measurement and, at the same time to evaluate if their use permit to identify patients at high risk of sepsis and eventually to estimate the prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The peer-reviewed articles analyzed were selected from PubMed databases using the keywords "sepsis" "gut alteration", "bowel permeability", "gut alteration", "bacterial translocation", "gut permeability tests", "gut inflammation". Among the 321 papers identified, 190 articles were selected, after title - abstract examination and removing the duplicates and studies on pediatric population,only 105 articles relating to sepsis and gut alterations were analyzed. RESULTS Integrity of the intestinal barrier plays a key role in the preventing of bacterial translocation and gut alteration related to sepsis. It is obvious that this dysfunction of the small intestine can have serious consequences and the early identification of patients at risk - to develop malabsorption or already malnourished - is very recommended to increase the survivor rate. Until now, in critical patients, the dosage of citrullinemia is easily applied test in clinical setting, in fact, it is relatively easy to administer and allows to accurately assess the functionality of enterocytes. CONCLUSION The sepsis can have an important impact on the gastrointestinal function. In addition, the alteration of the permeability can become a source of systemic infection. At the moment, biological damage markers are not specific, but the dosage of LPS, citrulline, lactulose/mannitol test, FABP and fecal calprotectin are becoming an excellent alternative with high specificity and sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaroslava Longhitano
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Duraiyah Thangathurai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Keck Medical School of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, United States
| | - Samanta Taurone
- Department of Sensory Organs, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Kozel
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Racca
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Andrea Audo
- Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, St. Antonio and Biagio and Cesare Arrigo Hospital, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Enrico Ravera
- Department of Emergency, Anesthesia and Critical Care, Michele and Pietro Ferrero Hospital, Verduno, Italy
| | - Alessio Migneco
- Department of Anesthesiology and Emergency Sciences,, Policlinico Gemelli/IRCCS - Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Piccioni
- Department of Anesthesiology and Emergency Sciences,, Policlinico Gemelli/IRCCS - Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Anesthesiology and Emergency Sciences,, Policlinico Gemelli/IRCCS - Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
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Chantler S, Griffiths A, Matu J, Davison G, Jones B, Deighton K. The Effects of Exercise on Indirect Markers of Gut Damage and Permeability: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Sports Med 2021; 51:113-124. [PMID: 33201454 PMCID: PMC7806566 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-020-01348-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIM Exercise appears to cause damage to the endothelial lining of the human gastrointestinal tract and elicit a significant increase in gut permeability. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review was to determine the effect of an acute bout of exercise on gut damage and permeability outcomes in healthy populations using a meta-analysis. METHODS PubMed, The Cochrane Library as well as MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus and CINHAL, via EBSCOhost were searched through February 2019. Studies were selected that evaluated urinary (ratio of disaccharide/monosaccharide excretion) or plasma markers [intestinal Fatty Acid Binding Protein (i-FABP)] of gut permeability and gut cell damage in response to a single bout of exercise. RESULTS A total of 34 studies were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed, and showed a large and moderate effect size for markers of gut damage (i-FABP) (ES 0.81; 95% CI 0.63-0.98; n = 26; p < 0.001) and gut permeability (Disaccharide Sugar/Monosaccharide Sugar) (ES 0.70; 95% CI 0.29-1.11; n = 17; p < 0.001), respectively. Exercise performed in hot conditions (> 23 °C) further increased markers of gut damage compared with thermoneutral conditions [ES 1.06 (95% CI 0.88-1.23) vs. 0.66 (95% CI 0.43-0.89); p < 0.001]. Exercise duration did not have any significant effect on gut damage or permeability outcomes. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that a single bout of exercise increases gut damage and gut permeability in healthy participants, with gut damage being exacerbated in hot environments. Further investigation into nutritional strategies to minimise gut damage and permeability after exercise is required. PROSPERO database number (CRD42018086339).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Chantler
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Cavendish G08, Headingley Campus, Leeds, LS6 3QT, UK.
- Yorkshire Carnegie Rugby Union Club, Leeds, UK.
| | - Alex Griffiths
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Cavendish G08, Headingley Campus, Leeds, LS6 3QT, UK
| | - Jamie Matu
- School of Clinical and Applied Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Glen Davison
- Endurance Research Group, School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | - Ben Jones
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Cavendish G08, Headingley Campus, Leeds, LS6 3QT, UK
- School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
- Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Cape Town and the Sports Science Institute of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
- Leeds Rhinos Rugby League Club, Leeds, UK
- England Performance Unit, Rugby Football League, Leeds, UK
| | - Kevin Deighton
- Carnegie Applied Rugby Research (CARR) Centre, Institute for Sport, Physical Activity and Leisure, Leeds Beckett University, Cavendish G08, Headingley Campus, Leeds, LS6 3QT, UK
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Jiang S, Fan Q, Xu M, Cheng F, Li Z, Ding G, Geng L, Fu T. Hydrogen-rich saline protects intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis pathway. J Pediatr Surg 2020; 55:2811-2819. [PMID: 32169342 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2020.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) on intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier in rats with intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IIRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8 each): Sham group, I/R group, HRS group and 4-PBA group. After 45 min of ischemia and 6 h of reperfusion, the rats were sacrificed to collect serum and ileum for detection. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to observe the morphology of small intestine. The serum expression levels of intestinal fatty acid binding protein (IFABP), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Imunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot were used to detect key proteins in intestinal epithelial TJs, ERS, and ERS-induced apoptosis, including occludin, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), X-box binding protein-1 (XBP1), C/EBP-homologous protein (CHOP) and caspase-3. Data was presented as mean ± SEM and compared using one-way ANOVA. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Compared with rats in the I/R group, the Chiu score of ileum damage in the HRS group and 4-PBA group were lower. The levels of serum IFABP, TNF-α, and IL-1β were statistically significant among the groups. Increased expression of TJ proteins occludin and ZO-1 by reducing various parameters of ERS and ERS-induced apoptosis evidenced by down-regulation of the protein levels of GRP78, XBP1, CHOP and caspase-3 were shown in the HRS and 4-PBA groups. CONCLUSION HRS had potential protective effects on intestinal barrier in IIRI rats. This study suggested that inhibition of excessive ERS and ERS-induced apoptosis by HRS may reduce intestinal epithelial cells damage and maintain the integrity of intestinal epithelial TJ barrier in rats with IIRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Jiang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Qizhong Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, Shandong, China
| | - Fengchun Cheng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Zhihui Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao 266011, Shandong, China
| | - Guojian Ding
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
| | - Lei Geng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China.
| | - Tingliang Fu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong, China
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Paneth Cell Alterations During Ischemia-reperfusion, Follow-up, and Graft Rejection After Intestinal Transplantation. Transplantation 2020; 104:1952-1958. [PMID: 32265415 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury is inevitable during intestinal transplantation (ITx) and executes a key role in the evolution towards rejection. Paneth cells (PCs) are crucial for epithelial immune defense and highly vulnerable to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We investigated the effect of ITx on PC after reperfusion (T0), during follow-up, and rejection. Moreover, we investigated whether PC loss was associated with impaired graft homeostasis. METHODS Endoscopic biopsies, collected according to center protocol and at rejection episodes, were retrospectively included (n = 28 ITx, n = 119 biopsies) Biopsies were immunohistochemically co-stained for PC (lysozyme) and apoptosis, and PC/crypt and lysozyme intensity were scored. RESULTS We observed a decrease in PC/crypt and lysozyme intensity in the first week after ITx (W1) compared with T0. There was a tendency towards a larger decline in PC/crypt (P = 0.08) and lysozyme intensity (P = 0.08) in W1 in patients who later developed rejection compared with patients without rejection. Follow-up biopsies showed that the PC number recovered, whereas lysozyme intensity remained reduced. This persisting innate immune defect may contribute to the well-known vulnerability of the intestine to infection. There was no clear evidence that PCs were affected throughout rejection. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed a transient fall in PC numbers in the early post-ITx period but a permanent reduction in lysozyme intensity following ITx. Further research is needed to determine the potential clinical impact of PC impairment after ITx.
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Shimizu Y, Nakamura K, Yoshii A, Yokoi Y, Kikuchi M, Shinozaki R, Nakamura S, Ohira S, Sugimoto R, Ayabe T. Paneth cell α-defensin misfolding correlates with dysbiosis and ileitis in Crohn's disease model mice. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:3/6/e201900592. [PMID: 32345659 PMCID: PMC7190275 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.201900592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study provides novel insight into Crohn’s disease where α-defensin misfolding resulting from excessive ER stress in Paneth cells induces dysbiosis and disease progression. Crohn’s disease (CD) is an intractable inflammatory bowel disease, and dysbiosis, disruption of the intestinal microbiota, is associated with CD pathophysiology. ER stress, disruption of ER homeostasis in Paneth cells of the small intestine, and α-defensin misfolding have been reported in CD patients. Because α-defensins regulate the composition of the intestinal microbiota, their misfolding may cause dysbiosis. However, whether ER stress, α-defensin misfolding, and dysbiosis contribute to the pathophysiology of CD remains unknown. Here, we show that abnormal Paneth cells with markers of ER stress appear in SAMP1/YitFc, a mouse model of CD, along with disease progression. Those mice secrete reduced-form α-defensins that lack disulfide bonds into the intestinal lumen, a condition not found in normal mice, and reduced-form α-defensins correlate with dysbiosis during disease progression. Moreover, administration of reduced-form α-defensins to wild-type mice induces the dysbiosis. These data provide novel insights into CD pathogenesis induced by dysbiosis resulting from Paneth cell α-defensin misfolding and they suggest further that Paneth cells may be potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shimizu
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Kiminori Nakamura
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Aki Yoshii
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Yuki Yokoi
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan.,Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Mani Kikuchi
- Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Ryuga Shinozaki
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shunta Nakamura
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Shuya Ohira
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Rina Sugimoto
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Tokiyoshi Ayabe
- Innate Immunity Laboratory, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan .,Department of Cell Biological Science, Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Hokkaido, Japan
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Singh R, Balasubramanian I, Zhang L, Gao N. Metaplastic Paneth Cells in Extra-Intestinal Mucosal Niche Indicate a Link to Microbiome and Inflammation. Front Physiol 2020; 11:280. [PMID: 32296343 PMCID: PMC7138011 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Paneth cells are residents of the intestinal epithelium. Abnormal appearance of Paneth cells has been widely documented in non-intestinal tissues within the digestive tract and even observed in non-gastrointestinal organs. Although metaplastic Paneth cells are part of the overarching pathology of intestinal metaplasia (IM), only a fraction of intestinal metaplastic lesions contain Paneth cells. We survey literature documenting metaplastic Paneth cells to gain insights into mechanism underlying their etiologic development as well as their potential relevance to human health. A synthesized view from this study suggests that the emergence of metaplastic Paneth cells at extra-intestinal mucosal sites likely represents a protective, anti-bacterial, and inflammatory response evoked by an altered microbial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajbir Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States
| | | | - Lanjing Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, United States.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States.,Department of Pathology, Princeton Medical Center, Plainsboro, NJ, United States
| | - Nan Gao
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, United States.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Demir S, Kazaz IO, Aliyazicioglu Y, Kerimoglu G, Teoman AS, Yaman SO, Arslan A, Mentese A. Effect of ethyl pyruvate on oxidative state and endoplasmic reticulum stress in a rat model of testicular torsion. Biotech Histochem 2019; 95:317-322. [PMID: 31850805 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2019.1695947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effects of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to experimental testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I-R). Eighteen rats were divided into a control group, a torsion-detorsion (T-D) group and an EP group. For pretreatment of the EP group, 50 mg/kg EP was given intraperitoneally (i.p.) 30 min before detorsion. Tissue 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Tissue total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status were determined using colorimetric methods. Histology of the tissues was evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the T-D group, tissue 4-HNE, GRP78, TOS and oxidative stress index levels were significantly higher than for the control group. The increases were reduced significantly by EP pretreatment. Our findings suggest that EP can inhibit I-R induced testicular injury by suppressing oxidative and ER stress. EP may be a useful adjunctive treatment for surgical repair in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selim Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ilke Onur Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Yuksel Aliyazicioglu
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Kerimoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Serdar Teoman
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Serap Ozer Yaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ayhan Arslan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Mentese
- Program of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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Coleman OI, Haller D. ER Stress and the UPR in Shaping Intestinal Tissue Homeostasis and Immunity. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2825. [PMID: 31867005 PMCID: PMC6904315 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An imbalance in the correct protein folding milieu of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can cause ER stress, which leads to the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR constitutes a highly conserved and intricately regulated group of pathways that serve to restore ER homeostasis through adaptation or apoptosis. Numerous studies over the last decade have shown that the UPR plays a critical role in shaping immunity and inflammation, resulting in the recognition of the UPR as a key player in pathological processes including complex inflammatory, autoimmune and neoplastic diseases. The intestinal epithelium, with its many highly secretory cells, forms an important barrier and messenger between the luminal environment and the host immune system. It is not surprising, that numerous studies have associated ER stress and the UPR with intestinal diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the roles of ER stress and the UPR in shaping immune responses and maintaining tissue homeostasis. Furthermore, the role played by the UPR in disease, with emphasis on IBD and CRC, is described here. As a key player in immunity and inflammation, the UPR has been increasingly recognized as an important pharmacological target in the development of therapeutic strategies for immune-mediated pathologies. We summarize available strategies targeting the UPR and their therapeutic implications. Understanding the balance between homeostasis and pathophysiology, as well as means of manipulating this balance, provides an important avenue for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia I Coleman
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk Haller
- Chair of Nutrition and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany.,ZIEL - Institute for Food & Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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Mauramati S, Morbini P, Ferrario G, Alnemr M, Luka E, Occhini A, Bertino G, Klersy C, Alessiani M, Benazzo M. Morphological analysis of ischemia-reperfusion injury in a cold ischemia model of jejunal free flap for hypopharyngeal reconstruction. J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2019; 73:103-110. [PMID: 31494055 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jejunal free flap (JFF) reconstruction is a popular treatment option for advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. Several factors including ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) can cause mucosal damage and progressive flap necrosis. We investigated the development and time-related progression of morphological and cellular changes in patients with JFF reconstruction including cold preservation of the graft. METHODS Eleven patients were enrolled. Biopsies were taken during surgery from normally perfused tissue, before loop isolation (T0), at the end of back-table surgery (T1), immediately before reperfusion (T2), 15' after reperfusion (T3), and at the end of the digestive anastomoses (T4) and from the external monitor daily from the 1st to the 5th postoperative day (M1-M5). Histomorphological and immunohistochemical parameters in the intraoperative and postoperative samples were evaluated and compared. RESULTS Delayed flap necrosis was observed in 2 patients. The cold ischemia phase did not negatively affect mucosal regeneration after reperfusion; morphological and cellular damage parameters returned to normal by the end of surgery or along the early postoperative period. Significant enterocyte replication activity was observed at the end of revascularization, which continued in the postoperative phase, leading to recovery of the epithelial morphological integrity and disappearance of apoptotic cells. An inflammatory infiltrate persisted in the M samples, and in a significant proportion of samples, mucosal fibrosis developed by the end of the postoperative observation. CONCLUSION Cold perfusion and preservation of the JFF can effectively limit the negative effects of IRI and to prevent short- and medium-term complications that can compromise the final outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Mauramati
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Patrizia Morbini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Pathology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Via Forlanini 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Ferrario
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Pathology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Via Forlanini 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mohamed Alnemr
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Elona Luka
- Service of Clinical Epidemiology & Biometry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonio Occhini
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Giulia Bertino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Catherine Klersy
- Service of Clinical Epidemiology & Biometry, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Mario Alessiani
- ASST of Pavia, University of Pavia, C.so di Strada Nuova 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Benazzo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Pavia, Foundation IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, P.le Golgi 5, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Liu L, Guo Y, Zheng J, Lu Y, Shen Y, Huang C, Zeng Y, Wang X. Paneth cell ablation increases the small intestinal injury during acute necrotizing pancreatitis in rats. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:473-484. [PMID: 31180547 PMCID: PMC6579996 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The present work aimed to investigate the role of Paneth cells in small intestinal injury during acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) using rat models established by injection of dithizone, a metal chelator of zinc with the ability to selectively ablate Paneth cells. Sprague‑Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: Sham‑operated group, ANP group (3.5% sodium taurocholate solution, 1 ml/kg body weight), dithizone group (100 mg/kg of body weight) and ANP + dithizone group (sodium taurocholate solution was administered 6 h after dithizone injection). Each group was further divided into five subgroups (6, 12, 24, 36 and 48 h) based on the time period between induction of the model and sample collection. The present results suggested the number of Paneth cells was gradually decreased in the ANP group in a time‑dependent manner. Most of the Paneth cells were ablated in the ANP + dithizone group at 6 h, but a subset of Paneth cells recovered after 24‑48 h. Compared with the ANP group, combination of dithizone and ANP significantly induced more severe histopathological injuries in the pancreas and distal ileum, with higher Schmidt and Chiu's scores, respectively. Additionally, increased expression levels of tumor necrosis factor‑α (TNF‑α), interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑17A were detected in the ileum, causing an increase in intestinal permeability, as assessed by a decrease in the expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein occludin and high plasma levels of diamine oxidase and D‑lactate. The increase in intestinal permeability led to the translocation of bacteria to the bloodstream, triggering systemic inflammation, as assessed by the increased plasma levels of TNF‑α, IL‑1β and IL‑17A, reducing the survival rates of rats, which was 66.7% and 83.3% in the ANP + dithizone and the ANP group, respectively. The increase in intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress, as assessed by high expression levels of binding‑immunoglobulin protein and activating transcription factor 6, may be one mechanism associated with Paneth cells loss and intestinal barrier impairment during ANP. Collectively, the present study suggested that the absence of Paneth cells may be an important factor involved in intestinal injury, promoting the progression of ANP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Liu
- International Medical Care Center, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yuecheng Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Junyuan Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yucui Shen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Chunlan Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
| | - Xingpeng Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai 201620, P.R. China
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Alcohol-induced IL-17A production in Paneth cells amplifies endoplasmic reticulum stress, apoptosis, and inflammasome-IL-18 activation in the proximal small intestine in mice. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:930-944. [PMID: 31105269 PMCID: PMC6599481 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbial translocation contributes to alcoholic hepatitis. Using a mouse model of alcoholic hepatitis, we investigated the effects of chronic alcohol plus binge and found increased abundance of Paneth cells and IL-17A in the proximal small intestine (PSI). Alcohol increased IL-17A production and pro-apoptotic signaling evidenced by Bax, Bim, caspase-3, and caspase-8 increases via endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress indicated by C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) upregulation; this was prevented by the ER stress inhibitor, 4-PBA, in isolated crypts in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, IL-17 augmented alcohol-induced ER stress in isolated crypts. In vivo IL-17A blocking antibody administration in alcohol-treated mice attenuated ER stress-mediated apoptosis and IL-18 induction and prevented alcohol-induced impairment of tight junctions in the PSI and LPS translocation to the liver. Acute-on-chronic alcohol resulted in inflammasome activation, caspase-1 cleavage, and IL-18 production in the PSI. In vivo treatment with antibiotics or 4-PBA prevented CHOP upregulation and inflammasome activation. Our data suggest that alcohol upregulates innate immune mechanisms by increasing Paneth cell numbers and IL-17A release contributing to apoptosis amplification, inflammasome activation, and gut leakiness in the PSI. Binge alcohol-induced Paneth cell expansion, ER stress, and inflammasome activation in the PSI are modulated by the gut microbiome.
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Søfteland JM, Casselbrant A, Biglarnia AR, Linders J, Hellström M, Pesce A, Padma AM, Jiga LP, Hoinoiu B, Ionac M, Oltean M. Intestinal Preservation Injury: A Comparison Between Rat, Porcine and Human Intestines. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20133135. [PMID: 31252560 PMCID: PMC6650817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20133135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Advanced preservation injury (PI) after intestinal transplantation has deleterious short- and long-term effects and constitutes a major research topic. Logistics and costs favor rodent studies, whereas clinical translation mandates studies in larger animals or using human material. Despite diverging reports, no direct comparison between the development of intestinal PI in rats, pigs, and humans is available. We compared the development of PI in rat, porcine, and human intestines. Intestinal procurement and cold storage (CS) using histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate solution was performed in rats, pigs, and humans. Tissue samples were obtained after 8, 14, and 24 h of CS), and PI was assessed morphologically and at the molecular level (cleaved caspase-3, zonula occludens, claudin-3 and 4, tricellulin, occludin, cytokeratin-8) using immunohistochemistry and Western blot. Intestinal PI developed slower in pigs compared to rats and humans. Tissue injury and apoptosis were significantly higher in rats. Tight junction proteins showed quantitative and qualitative changes differing between species. Significant interspecies differences exist between rats, pigs, and humans regarding intestinal PI progression at tissue and molecular levels. These differences should be taken into account both with regards to study design and the interpretation of findings when relating them to the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Mackay Søfteland
- The Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Science Park Medicinaregatan 8, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Casselbrant
- Department of Gastrosurgical Research and Education, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ali-Reza Biglarnia
- Department of Transplantation, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Johan Linders
- Department of Transplantation, Skåne University Hospital, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mats Hellström
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Science Park Medicinaregatan 8, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Antonio Pesce
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 86, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Arvind Manikantan Padma
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Science Park Medicinaregatan 8, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lucian Petru Jiga
- Department for Plastic, Aesthetic, Reconstructive and Hand Surgery, Evangelisches Krankenhaus Oldenburg, Medical Campus University of Oldenburg, Steinweg 13-17, 26122 Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Bogdan Hoinoiu
- Pius Branzeu Center for Laparoscopic Surgery and Microsurgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, P-ta. E. Murgu 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Ionac
- Pius Branzeu Center for Laparoscopic Surgery and Microsurgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, P-ta. E. Murgu 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Mihai Oltean
- The Transplant Institute, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Laboratory for Transplantation and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska Science Park Medicinaregatan 8, 413 90 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Srugo SA, Bloise E, Nguyen TTTN, Connor KL. Impact of Maternal Malnutrition on Gut Barrier Defense: Implications for Pregnancy Health and Fetal Development. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11061375. [PMID: 31248104 PMCID: PMC6628366 DOI: 10.3390/nu11061375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Small intestinal Paneth cells, enteric glial cells (EGC), and goblet cells maintain gut mucosal integrity, homeostasis, and influence host physiology locally and through the gut-brain axis. Little is known about their roles during pregnancy, or how maternal malnutrition impacts these cells and their development. Pregnant mice were fed a control diet (CON), undernourished by 30% vs. control (UN), or fed a high fat diet (HF). At day 18.5 (term = 19), gut integrity and function were assessed by immunohistochemistry and qPCR. UN mothers displayed reduced mRNA expression of Paneth cell antimicrobial peptides (AMP; Lyz2, Reg3g) and an accumulation of villi goblet cells, while HF had reduced Reg3g and mucin (Muc2) mRNA and increased lysozyme protein. UN fetuses had increased mRNA expression of gut transcription factor Sox9, associated with reduced expression of maturation markers (Cdx2, Muc2), and increased expression of tight junctions (TJ; Cldn-7). HF fetuses had increased mRNA expression of EGC markers (S100b, Bfabp, Plp1), AMP (Lyz1, Defa1, Reg3g), and TJ (Cldn-3, Cldn-7), and reduced expression of an AMP-activator (Tlr4). Maternal malnutrition altered expression of genes that maintain maternal gut homeostasis, and altered fetal gut permeability, function, and development. This may have long-term implications for host-microbe interactions, immunity, and offspring gut-brain axis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian A Srugo
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
| | - Enrrico Bloise
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil.
| | | | - Kristin L Connor
- Department of Health Sciences, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
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Kazaz IO, Demir S, Yulug E, Colak F, Bodur A, Yaman SO, Karaguzel E, Mentese A. N-acetylcysteine protects testicular tissue against ischemia/reperfusion injury via inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:253.e1-253.e8. [PMID: 30890312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In animal models, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been reported to play a vital role in mediating ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in certain organs, such as brain, liver, and intestine. However, there are a limited number of studies examining the relationship between ER stress and torsion and detorsion (T/D)-induced testicular injury. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on ER-stress and apoptosis in an experimental testicular I/R injury model. DESIGN A non-blinded experimental study with three arms. Rats were divided into three groups: control group, T/D group, and NAC group. In the pretreatment of the NAC group, 20 mg/kg NAC was given intraperitoneally 30 min before detorsion. Tissue 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The apoptosis levels were evaluated using terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end label assay. RESULTS In T/D group, tissue 4-HNE, GRP78, ATF6, and apoptotic index levels were significantly higher than control group. These increases were significantly reversed with NAC pretreatment. DISCUSSION There are some potential drugs that have been shown to reduce ER stress in the experimental ischemia model, and it is questioned that these drug candidates can be used as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of ischemic diseases in the near future. This study was not without limitations. First, the authors applied NAC only 20 mg/kg. In a future study, a dose-dependent assay should be performed to assess the likelihood of an additional testicular protective effect. One limitation of this research is also that in vivo studies cannot be extrapolated to possible effect in clinics. More experiments therefore need to be conducted to extrapolate the study findings to humans. CONCLUSION The study results showed that, after testicular torsion (TT), the ER stress-related apoptotic pathway plays a pivotal role in testicular injury. Further studies of other experimental models of TT may prove that NAC is a useful agent as an adjunctive treatment in surgical repair in human cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- I O Kazaz
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - S Demir
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
| | - E Yulug
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - F Colak
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - A Bodur
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - S O Yaman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - E Karaguzel
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
| | - A Mentese
- Program of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080 Trabzon, Turkey
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Cx43 Inhibition Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Intestinal Injury via Downregulating ROS Transfer and the Activation of the JNK1/Sirt1/FoxO3a Signaling Pathway. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:7854389. [PMID: 30948926 PMCID: PMC6425293 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7854389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal injury has long been considered to play a crucial role in the pathophysiology of sepsis and has even been characterized as the “motor” of it. Thus, we explored the effects of connexin43 (Cx43) on sepsis-induced intestinal injury in order to provide potential therapeutic strategies. Rat cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) models in vivo and cell models (IEC-6 cells) pretreated with LPS in vitro were used in the current study. Firstly, different methods, such as Cx43 inhibitors (18-α-GA and oleamide) or siRNA targeting Cx43 and N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) (a kind of ROS scavenger), were used to observe the effects of Cx43 channels mediating ROS transfer on intestinal injury. Secondly, the influence of ROS content on the activity of the JNK1/Sirt1/FoxO3a signaling pathway was explored through the application of NAC, sp600125 (a JNK1 inhibitor), and nicotinamide (a Sirt1 inhibitor). Finally, luciferase assays and ChIP were used to determine the direct regulation of FoxO3a on proapoptotic proteins, Bim and Puma. The results showed that sepsis-induced intestinal injury presented a dynamic change, coincident with the alternation of Cx43 expression. The inhibition of Cx43 attenuated CLP-induced intestinal injury in vivo and LPS-induced IEC-6 injury in vitro. The changes of Cx43 channel function regulated ROS transfer between the neighboring cells, which mediated the activation of the JNK1/Sirt1/FoxO3a signaling pathway. FoxO3a directly affected its downstream target genes, Bim and Puma, which are responsible for cell or tissue apoptosis. In summary, our results suggest that Cx43 inhibition suppresses ROS transfer and inactivates the JNK1/Sirt1/FoxO3a signaling pathway to protect against sepsis-induced intestinal injury.
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Huang S, Ju W, Zhu Z, Han M, Sun C, Tang Y, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Yang J, Zhang Y, Wang L, Lin F, Chen H, Xie R, Zhu C, Wang D, Wu L, Zhao Q, Chen M, Zhou Q, Guo Z, He X. Comprehensive and combined omics analysis reveals factors of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. Epigenomics 2019; 11:527-542. [PMID: 30700158 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore molecular mechanisms underlying liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). MATERIALS & METHODS Four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets comprising liver transplantation data were collected for a comprehensive analysis. A proteomic analysis was performed and used for correlations analysis with transcriptomic. RESULTS & CONCLUSION Ten differentially expressed genes were co-upregulated in four Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, including ATF3, CCL4, DNAJB1, DUSP5, JUND, KLF6, NFKBIA, PLAUR, PPP1R15A and TNFAIP3. The combined analysis demonstrated ten coregulated genes/proteins, including HBB, HBG2, CA1, SLC4A1, PLIN2, JUNB, HBA1, MMP9, SLC2A1 and PADI4. The coregulated differentially expressed genes and coregulated genes/proteins formed a tight interaction network and could serve as the core factors underlying IRI. Comprehensive and combined omics analyses revealed key factors underlying liver IRI, and thus having potential clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanzhou Huang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Weiqiang Ju
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zebin Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Ming Han
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chengjun Sun
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yunhua Tang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yuchen Hou
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhiheng Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Jie Yang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Yixi Zhang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Linhe Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Fanxiong Lin
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haitian Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Rongxing Xie
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Caihui Zhu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Dongping Wang
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Linwei Wu
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhao
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Maogen Chen
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Hui Ya Hospital of The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Huizhou, Guangdong 516081, PR China.,Department of Liver Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Guo
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xiaoshun He
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Organ Donation & Transplant Immunology, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.,Guangdong Provincial International Cooperation Base of Science & Technology (Organ Transplantation), Guangzhou 510080, PR China
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Roles of Autophagy-Related Genes in the Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8010077. [PMID: 30669622 PMCID: PMC6356351 DOI: 10.3390/cells8010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is an intracellular catabolic process that is essential for a variety of cellular responses. Due to its role in the maintenance of biological homeostasis in conditions of stress, dysregulation or disruption of autophagy may be linked to human diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). IBD is a complicated inflammatory colitis disorder; Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are the principal types. Genetic studies have shown the clinical relevance of several autophagy-related genes (ATGs) in the pathogenesis of IBD. Additionally, recent studies using conditional knockout mice have led to a comprehensive understanding of ATGs that affect intestinal inflammation, Paneth cell abnormality and enteric pathogenic infection during colitis. In this review, we discuss the various ATGs involved in macroautophagy and selective autophagy, including ATG16L1, IRGM, LRRK2, ATG7, p62, optineurin and TFEB in the maintenance of intestinal homeostasis. Although advances have been made regarding the involvement of ATGs in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, determining the precise contribution of autophagy has remained elusive. Recent efforts based on direct targeting of ATGs and autophagy will further facilitate the development of new therapeutic opportunities for IBD.
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46
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Females Are More Resistant to Ischemia-Reperfusion-induced Intestinal Injury Than Males. Ann Surg 2019; 272:1070-1079. [DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000003167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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47
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Dioscin ameliorates intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via adjusting miR-351-5p/MAPK13-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Pharmacol Res 2019; 139:431-439. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Junyuan Z, Hui X, Chunlan H, Junjie F, Qixiang M, Yingying L, Lihong L, Xingpeng W, Yue Z. Quercetin protects against intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation in acute necrotizing pancreatitis through TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK and ERS inhibition. Pancreatology 2018; 18:742-752. [PMID: 30115563 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of quercetin on intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation in acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) in rats, and its possible mechanism. METHODS ANP was established by retrograde injection of 3.5% sodium taurocholate into the biliopancreatic duct, and quercetin (50 mg/kg × 3) was administered by intraperitoneal injection prior to and after ANP induction. Pancreatitis was assessed by pancreatic histopathology, plasma amylase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, IL-1β, TNFα and IL-6 levels. Injury of the distal ileum was assessed by histological evaluation. The ultrastructural changes of ileal epithelial cells were examined by transmission electron microscope (TEM). Intestinal barrier function was estimated by plasma diamine oxidase (DAO), d-lactate, endotoxin; and intestinal tight junction proteins including zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), claudin 1, occludin; and bacterial translocation. Intestinal inflammation was determined by IL-1β, TNFα and IL-17 A expression. TLR4, MyD88, pp38 MAPK, and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related molecules (Bip, p-IRE1α, sXBP1, p-eIF2α, ATF6) were measured by immunohistochemistry and WB. RESULTS Quercetin intervention attenuated pancreatic and ileal pathological damages in ANP (P < 0.05), ameliorated intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation (P < 0.05). Meantime, QE significantly suppressed intestinal TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK pathway and ERS activation. CONCLUSIONS Quercetin plays a protective role against intestinal barrier disruption and inflammation in ANP, probably partly by inhibiting TLR4/MyD88/p38 MAPK and ERS activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Junyuan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Hui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huang Chunlan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Junjie
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei Qixiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yingying
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lou Lihong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Wang Xingpeng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zeng Yue
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease & Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Chakraborty S, Karasu E, Huber-Lang M. Complement After Trauma: Suturing Innate and Adaptive Immunity. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2050. [PMID: 30319602 PMCID: PMC6165897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The overpowering effect of trauma on the immune system is undisputed. Severe trauma is characterized by systemic cytokine generation, activation and dysregulation of systemic inflammatory response complementopathy and coagulopathy, has been immensely instrumental in understanding the underlying mechanisms of the innate immune system during systemic inflammation. The compartmentalized functions of the innate and adaptive immune systems are being gradually recognized as an overlapping, interactive and dynamic system of responsive elements. Nonetheless the current knowledge of the complement cascade and its interaction with adaptive immune response mediators and cells, including T- and B-cells, is limited. In this review, we discuss what is known about the bridging effects of the complement system on the adaptive immune system and which unexplored areas could be crucial in understanding how the complement and adaptive immune systems interact following trauma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinjini Chakraborty
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Ebru Karasu
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Li Z, Wang G, Feng D, Zu G, Li Y, Shi X, Zhao Y, Jing H, Ning S, Le W, Yao J, Tian X. Targeting the miR-665-3p-ATG4B-autophagy axis relieves inflammation and apoptosis in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:483. [PMID: 29706629 PMCID: PMC5924757 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0518-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is an essential cytoprotective response against pathologic stresses that selectively degrades damaged cellular components. Impaired autophagy contributes to organ injury in multiple diseases, including ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), but the exact mechanism by which impaired autophagy is regulated remains unclear. Several researchers have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) negatively regulate autophagy by targeting autophagy-related genes (ATGs). Therefore, the effect of ATG-related miRNAs on I/R remains a promising research avenue. In our study, we found that autophagy flux is impaired during intestinal I/R. A miRNA microarray analysis showed that miR-665-3p was highly expressed in the I/R group, which was confirmed by qRT-PCR. Then, we predicted and proved that miR-665-3p negatively regulates ATG4B expression in Caco-2 and IEC-6 cells. In ileum biopsy samples from patients with intestinal infarction, there was an inverse correlation between miR-665-3p and ATG4B expression, which supports the in vitro findings. Moreover, based on miR-665-3p regulation of autophagy in response to hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro, gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were used to investigate the therapeutic potential of miR-665-3p. Additionally, we provide evidence that ATG4B is indispensable for protection upon inhibition of miR-665-3p. Finally, we observed that locked nucleic acid-modified inhibition of miR-665-3p in vivo alleviates I/R-induced systemic inflammation and apoptosis via recovery of autophagic flux. Our study highlights miR-665-3p as a novel small molecule that regulates autophagy by targeting ATG4B, suggesting that miR-665-3p inhibition may be a potential therapeutic approach against inflammation and apoptosis for the clinical treatment of intestinal I/R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenlu Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Guangzhi Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Dongcheng Feng
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Guo Zu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Xue Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China
| | - Huirong Jing
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Shili Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Clinical Research Center on Neurological Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116011, Dalian, China
| | - Jihong Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, 116044, Dalian, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University, 116023, Dalian, China.
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